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Abbaszadeh H, Kabiri-Rad H, Mohammadi F, Zangoie S, Rajabi-Moghaddam M, Ghafari S, Ziaee M, Javanmard D, Miri-Moghaddam E. The Association Between Genetic Variants in ACE1and ACE2 Genes with Susceptibility to COVID-19 Infection. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10722-8. [PMID: 38349438 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors facilitate the entry of the causative virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) into target cells. Some ACE gene variants have been suggested to be involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis. So, the aim was to assess the association between ACE1 rs4646994 and ACE2 rs2285666 genes polymorphisms and the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. This case-control study was conducted on 197 patients with COVID-19 and 197 healthy controls. ACE-1 insertion/deletion (I/D) (rs4646994) and ACE2 rs2285666 genes polymorphisms were determined by the amplification refractory mutation system- polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique. The DD genotype of ACE1 I/D polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (p = 0.012), whereas the ID genotype of this polymorphism was associated with decreased susceptibility (p = 0.003) (significance level = 0.017). There was no significant association in allele and genotype distribution of ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphism between cases and controls. The ACE1 I/D polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for COVID-19 susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hamid Kabiri-Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Soheila Zangoie
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Rajabi-Moghaddam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Shokouh Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Masood Ziaee
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Davod Javanmard
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran, 9717853577.
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Boraey NF, Bebars MA, Wahba AA, Abd El Lateef HM, Attia MA, Elsayed AH, Rashed KA, Sorour EI, Ahmed MF, Abd-Elrehim GAB, Soliman AA, Shehab MMM, Elhindawy EM, Ibraheem AAA, Shehata H, Yousif YM, Hashem MIA, Ahmed AA, Emam AA, Gameil DM, Abdelhady EM, Abdelkhalek K, Morsi WEMA, Selim DM, Razek SA, Ashraf B, Saleh ASE, Eltrawy HH, Alanwar MI, Fouad RA, Omar WE, Nabil RM, Abdelhamed MR, Ibrahim MY, Malek MM, Afify MR, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Tarabulsi MK, Qashqary ME, Almoraie LM, Salem HF, Rashad MM, El-Gaaly SAA, El-Deeb NA, Abdallah AM, Fakhreldin AR, Hassouba M, Massoud YM, Attaya MSM, Haridi MK. Association of ACE1 I/D polymorphism and susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-023-02982-8. [PMID: 38177248 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the sparse data on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and its biological effector molecules ACE1 and ACE2 in pediatric COVID-19 cases, we investigated whether the ACE1 insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism could be a genetic marker for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. METHODS This was a case-control study included four hundred sixty patients diagnosed with COVID-19, and 460 well-matched healthy control children and adolescents. The I/D polymorphism (rs1799752) in the ACE1 gene was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), meanwhile the ACE serum concentrations were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The ACE1 D/D genotype and Deletion allele were significantly more represented in patients with COVID-19 compared to the control group (55% vs. 28%; OR = 2.4; [95% CI: 1.46-3.95]; for the DD genotype; P = 0.002) and (68% vs. 52.5%; OR: 1.93; [95% CI: 1.49-2.5] for the D allele; P = 0.032). The presence of ACE1 D/D genotype was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 among studied patients (adjusted OR: 2.6; [95% CI: 1.6-9.7]; P < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS The ACE1 insertion/deletion polymorphism may confer susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Egyptian children and adolescents. IMPACT Recent studies suggested a crucial role of renin-angiotensin system and its biological effector molecules ACE1 and ACE2 in the pathogenesis and progression of COVID-19. To our knowledge, ours is the first study to investigate the association of ACE1 I/D polymorphism and susceptibility to COVID-19 in Caucasian children and adolescents. The presence of the ACE1 D/D genotype or ACE1 Deletion allele may confer susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and being associated with higher ACE serum levels; may constitute independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. The ACE1 I/D genotyping help design further clinical trials reconsidering RAS-pathway antagonists to achieve more efficient targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa F Boraey
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Bebars
- Department of Pediatrics, Princess Alexandra hospital, Harlow, UK
| | - Ali A Wahba
- Department of Pediatrics at SSMC (Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Mohamed Atif Attia
- Department of Pediatrics at SKMC (Sheikh khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ahmed H Elsayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Khalid A Rashed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Ehab I Sorour
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | | | - Attia A Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Shehab
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman M Elhindawy
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A A Ibraheem
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hassan Shehata
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yousif M Yousif
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mustafa I A Hashem
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amani A Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Emam
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Dalia M Gameil
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman M Abdelhady
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khalil Abdelkhalek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa E M A Morsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Selim
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Suzan A Razek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassem Ashraf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S E Saleh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Heba H Eltrawy
- Department of Chest diseases, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Alanwar
- Department of Cardiothoracic surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rania A Fouad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Walaa E Omar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Nabil
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Abdelhamed
- Department of Clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Mona Yousri Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Mai M Malek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona R Afify
- Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology. Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned T Alharbi
- Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology. Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology. Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muyassar K Tarabulsi
- Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology. Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Esmail Qashqary
- Department of Family and community medicine, University Medical Center, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila M Almoraie
- Department of Family and community medicine, University Medical Center, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan F Salem
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Manal M Rashad
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sonya A A El-Gaaly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Ain-Shams, Egypt
| | - Nahawand A El-Deeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany M Abdallah
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Fakhreldin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hassouba
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yasmine M Massoud
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Ain-Shams, Egypt
| | - Mona S M Attaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar, Egypt
| | - Mohammed K Haridi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Samet M, Yazdi M, Tajamolian M, Beygi M, Sheikhha MH, Hoseini SM. The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on the Severity and Death Rate of COVID-19 in Iranian Patients. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10614-3. [PMID: 38145438 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to assess the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 in the Iranian population. Hence, 186 adult patients were categorized into three clinical groups based on the severity of COVID-19: 1) Outpatients or mildly symptomatic patients as control (n = 71); 2) Hospitalized patients or severe symptomatic cases (n = 53); 3) Inpatients led to ICU/death or critically ill patients needed mechanical ventilation (n = 62). The possible association of ACE I/D polymorphism with the risk of comorbidities and serum level of C-reactive protein was evaluated in two severe cases. The results showed that the frequency of D and I alleles are 69.35% and 30.65%, respectively, in the total population. The analysis of allelic frequencies via Fisher's exact test confirmed significantly higher frequency of D allele in both severe groups than that in the mild one, 78.31% in Hospitalized patients (OR = 2.56; 95% CI 1.46 to 4.46; p-value = 0.0011) and 74.19% in Inpatients led to ICU/death (OR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.22 to 3.43; p-value = 0.0094) compared to 58.45% in Outpatients. The results of genotype proportions displayed an association between COVID-19 severity and DD genotype. Overall, our findings in Iranian patients supported the undeniable role of the DD genotype in the intensity of the disease, comparable to other populations. Furthermore, there is no definite evidence regarding the protective effect of the I allele in our inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samet
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehran Yazdi
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Tajamolian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdi Beygi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Hoseini
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
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de Sousa RBN, do Nascimento LRS, Costa LHA, Leite VRMC, Borges CL, de Deus JM, Rebelo ACS, Pinheiro DDS, Pedrino GR. Combinatorial analysis of ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms reveals protection against COVID-19 worsening: A genetic association study in Brazilian patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288178. [PMID: 38032879 PMCID: PMC10688632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2, was identified as the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and considering the intense physiological interplay between the two angitensinases isoforms, ACE and ACE2, as counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin system, we proposed the evaluation of polymorphisms in these two key regulators in relation to COVID-19 severity. A genetic association study involving 621 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from Brazil was performed. All subjects had a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 via RT-PCR. Patients were categorized into two groups: the "mild" group (N = 296), composed of individuals hospitalized in ward beds who progressed to cure, and the "severe" group (N = 325), composed of individuals who required hospitalization in an intensive care unit (ICU), or who died. Blood samples were genotyped for ACE I/D polymorphism and ACE2 G8790A polymorphism by real-time PCR via TaqMan assay. The analysis of combined polymorphisms revealed a protective role for genotypic profile II/A_ (ORA = 0,26; p = 0,037) against the worsening of COVID-19 in women. The results indicate a protection profile to COVID-19 progression, in which the II/A_ carriers have almost four times less chance of a severe outcome. It is proposed that a decreased activity of ACE (deleterious effects) in conjunction with an increased ACE2 activity (protective effects), should be the underlying mechanism. The findings are unprecedented once other studies have not explored the genotypic combination analysis for ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms and bring perspectives and expectations for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic based on definitions of genetically-based risk groups within the context of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lis Raquel Silva do Nascimento
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Alves Costa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clayton Luiz Borges
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - José Miguel de Deus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Denise da Silva Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis and Health Education, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Sahranavard-Pirbazari P, Khoshghiafeh A, Kamali MJ, Esfandiar H, Bakhtiari M, Ahmadifard M. A comprehensive review of ACE2, ACE1, TMPRSS2 and IFITM3 gene polymorphisms and their effect on the severity of COVID-19. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:450-463. [PMID: 37926001 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent events have raised concerns about the outbreak of a pandemic by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). An infection caused by a virus can provoke an inflammatory reaction, which can result in severe lung damage, failure of several organs, and death. The unique genetic makeup of each individual may be a component in the development of each of these responses. In this context, genetic variants of the genes linked to the invasion of the virus into the host's body can be analyzed. Various elements have a function in viral entry. ACE2 is used by SARS-CoV-2 as a receptor to enter the cell. TMPRSS2 is then responsible for cutting the virus into its components. In addition, lung damage occurs when there is an imbalance between ACE1 and ACE2. Another component that plays a significant role in virus penetration is called IFITM3, which is created as a reaction to interferon. This protein prevents viruses in the Coronaviridae family from entering cells. This study aimed to analyze DNA polymorphisms in the ACE2, ACE1, TMPRSS2, and IFITM3 genes. Findings showed certain polymorphisms appear to be associated with the severity of the disease, including respiratory, coronary, and neurological disorders. The results also indicated that certain polymorphisms were protective against this virus. Varying populations have a different frequency of high-risk polymorphisms, so different treatment and preventative techniques must be implemented. Additional population studies should be conducted in this region to reduce the incidence of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azin Khoshghiafeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Kamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hanieh Esfandiar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marzieh Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Ahmadifard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Equils O, Bakaj A, Wilson-Mifsud B, Chatterjee A. Restoring Trust: The Need for Precision Medicine in Infectious Diseases, Public Health and Vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2234787. [PMID: 37465958 PMCID: PMC10361134 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2234787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited data on precision medicine in infectious diseases and vaccines; however, precise management of infectious diseases plays a critical role in trust for government, health-care organizations, science, and pharma. The improvement in biomedical technologies, availability of large clinical and -omic data and appropriate application of artificial intelligence may allow precision in vaccines and public health and restore trust. This is an invited editorial on the role of precision medicine in infectious diseases and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Equils
- Public Health Non-Profit, MiOra, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Clinical Development, Cidara Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Angela Bakaj
- Public Health Non-Profit, MiOra, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brittany Wilson-Mifsud
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Archana Chatterjee
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
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Gurung D, Danielson JA, Tasnim A, Zhang JT, Zou Y, Liu JY. Proline Isomerization: From the Chemistry and Biology to Therapeutic Opportunities. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1008. [PMID: 37508437 PMCID: PMC10376262 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Proline isomerization, the process of interconversion between the cis- and trans-forms of proline, is an important and unique post-translational modification that can affect protein folding and conformations, and ultimately regulate protein functions and biological pathways. Although impactful, the importance and prevalence of proline isomerization as a regulation mechanism in biological systems have not been fully understood or recognized. Aiming to fill gaps and bring new awareness, we attempt to provide a wholistic review on proline isomerization that firstly covers what proline isomerization is and the basic chemistry behind it. In this section, we vividly show that the cause of the unique ability of proline to adopt both cis- and trans-conformations in significant abundance is rooted from the steric hindrance of these two forms being similar, which is different from that in linear residues. We then discuss how proline isomerization was discovered historically followed by an introduction to all three types of proline isomerases and how proline isomerization plays a role in various cellular responses, such as cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, T-cell activation, and ion channel gating. We then explore various human diseases that have been linked to the dysregulation of proline isomerization. Finally, we wrap up with the current stage of various inhibitors developed to target proline isomerases as a strategy for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Gurung
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jacob A Danielson
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Afsara Tasnim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo College of Engineering, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Yue Zou
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo College of Engineering, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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8
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Elbasan O, Bayram F, Yazan CD, Apaydın T, Dashdamirova S, Polat H, Arslan E, Yılmaz İ, Karimi N, Şengel BE, Yılmaz SS, Çelik ÖF, Ata P, Haklar G, Gözü H. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) level, but not ACE gene polymorphism, is associated with prognosis of COVID-19 infection: Implications for diabetes and hypertension. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288338. [PMID: 37432962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was shown to be activated in severe COVID-19 infection. We aimed to investigate the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels, ACE gene polymorphism, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and hypertension (HT) and the prognosis of COVID-19 infection. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed the clinical features of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. ACE gene analysis and ACE level measurements were performed. The patients were grouped according to ACE gene polymorphism (DD, ID or II), disease severity (mild, moderate, or severe), and the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme inhibitor (DPP4i), ACE-inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). Intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality were also recorded. RESULTS A total of 266 patients were enrolled. Gene analysis detected DD polymorphism in the ACE 1 gene in 32.7% (n = 87), ID in 51.5% (n = 137), and II in 15.8% (n = 42) of the patients. ACE gene polymorphisms were not associated with disease severity, ICU admission, or mortality. ACE levels were higher in patients who died (p = 0.004) or were admitted to the ICU (p<0.001) and in those with severe disease compared to cases with mild (p = 0.023) or moderate (p<0.001) disease. HT, T2DM, and ACEi/ARB or DPP4i use were not associated with mortality or ICU admission. ACE levels were similar in patients with or without HT (p = 0.374) and with HT using or not using ACEi/ARB (p = 0.999). They were also similar in patients with and without T2DM (p = 0.062) and in those with and without DPP4i treatment (p = 0.427). ACE level was a weak predictor of mortality but an important predictor of ICU admission. It predicted ICU admission in total (cutoff value >37.092 ng/mL, AUC: 0.775, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that higher ACE levels, but not ACE gene polymorphism, ACEi/ARB or DPP4i use, were associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 infection. The presence of HT and T2DM and ACEi/ARB or DPP4i use were not associated with mortality or ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Elbasan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Bayram
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Dinçer Yazan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Apaydın
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saida Dashdamirova
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamza Polat
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Arslan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İpek Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nastaran Karimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Ertürk Şengel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sultan Seval Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Faruk Çelik
- Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Ata
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goncagül Haklar
- Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Gözü
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Bozkurt I, Gözler T, Yüksel I, Ulucan K, Tarhan KN. Prognostic Value of CYP1A2 (rs2069514 and rs762551) Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients. Balkan J Med Genet 2023; 26:35-42. [PMID: 37576788 PMCID: PMC10413886 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2023-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the genotype-allele determination of CYP1A2 rs2069514 and rs762551 polymorphisms in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 and to determine their effectiveness as prognostic criteria in COVID-19. The study consists of 60 patients who were hospitalized in intensive care or outpatient treatment due to COVID-19 in Istanbul NP Brain Hospital between 2020-2021. Genotyping was conducted by Real-Time PCR. Age (p<0.001); chronic disease (p=0.002); cardiovascular disease (p=0.004); respiratory distress (p<0.001); neurological disease (p=0.004); fatigue (p=0.048); loss of taste and smell (p=0.003); nausea/vomiting (p=0.026); intubated (p<0.001); ground glass image (p<0.001) and CYP1A2 genotypes (p<0.001) showed a statistically significant difference between patients with and without intensive care admission. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, CYP1A2 *1A/*1C + *1C/*1C genotypes (OR:5.23 95% CI: 1.22-22.36; p=0.025), chronic disease (OR:4.68 95% CI:1.14-19.15; p=0.032) or patients at 65 years or older (OR:5.17, 95%CI:1.26-21.14; p=0.022) increased the risk of admission to the intensive care unit. According to our results, we strongly suggest considering the CYP1A2 rs2069514 and rs762551 polymorphisms as important predictors of Intensive Care Unit admission in patients with COVID-19, and we also suggest that genotype results will guide clinicians for the benefit and the efficiency of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bozkurt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T Gözler
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I Yüksel
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - K Ulucan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - KN Tarhan
- Uskudar University NP Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Tong J, Chen Y, He M, Wang W, Wang Y, Li N, Xia Q. The triangle relationship between human genome, gut microbiome, and COVID-19: opening of a Pandora's box. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1190939. [PMID: 37455722 PMCID: PMC10344606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1190939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the pandemic started, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide. In patients with COVID-19, the gut microbiome (GM) has been supposed to be closely related to the progress of the disease. The gut microbiota composition and human genetic variation are also connected in COVID-19 patients, assuming a triangular relationship between the genome, GM, and COVID-19. Here, we reviewed the recent developments in the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and COVID-19. The keywords "COVID-19," "microbiome," and "genome" were used to search the literature in the PubMed database. We first found that the composition of the GM in COVID-19 patients varies according to the severity of the illness. Most obviously, Candida albicans abnormally increased while the probiotic Bifidobacterium decreased in severe cases of COVID-19. Interestingly, clinical studies have consistently emphasized that the family Lachnospiraceae plays a critical role in patients with COVID-19. Additionally, we have demonstrated the impact of microbiome-related genes on COVID-19. Specially, we focused on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2's dual functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection and gut microbiota alternation. In summary, these studies showed that the diversity of GMs is closely connected to COVID-19. A triangular relationship exists between COVID-19, the human genome, and the gut flora, suggesting that human genetic variations may offer a chance for a precise diagnosis of COVID-19, and the important relationships between genetic makeup and microbiome regulation may affect the therapy of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuran Chen
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Mei He
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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11
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Rani S, Jain A. Optimizing healthcare system by amalgamation of text processing and deep learning: a systematic review. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37362695 PMCID: PMC10183315 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-023-15539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The explosion of clinical textual data has drawn the attention of researchers. Owing to the abundance of clinical data, it is becoming difficult for healthcare professionals to take real-time measures. The tools and methods are lacking when compared to the amount of clinical data generated every day. This review aims to survey the text processing pipeline with deep learning methods such as CNN, RNN, LSTM, and GRU in the healthcare domain and discuss various applications such as clinical concept detection and extraction, medically aware dialogue systems, sentiment analysis of drug reviews shared online, clinical trial matching, and pharmacovigilance. In addition, we highlighted the major challenges in deploying text processing with deep learning to clinical textual data and identified the scope of research in this domain. Furthermore, we have discussed various resources that can be used in the future to optimize the healthcare domain by amalgamating text processing and deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somiya Rani
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NSUT East Campus (erstwhile AIACTR), Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Amita Jain
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, India
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12
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Khullar N, Bhatti JS, Singh S, Thukral B, Reddy PH, Bhatti GK. Insight into the liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2064-2077. [PMID: 37122601 PMCID: PMC10130970 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i14.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As of June 2022, more than 530 million people worldwide have become ill with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although COVID-19 is most commonly associated with respiratory distress (severe acute respiratory syndrome), meta-analysis have indicated that liver dysfunction also occurs in patients with severe symptoms. Current studies revealed distinctive patterning in the receptors on the hepatic cells that helps in viral invasion through the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors. It has also been reported that in some patients with COVID-19, therapeutic strategies, including repurposed drugs (mitifovir, lopinavir/ritonavir, tocilizumab, etc.) triggered liver injury and cholestatic toxicity. Several proven indicators support cytokine storm-induced hepatic damage. Because there are 1.5 billion patients with chronic liver disease worldwide, it becomes imperative to critically evaluate the molecular mechanisms concerning hepatotropism of COVID-19 and identify new potential therapeutics. This review also designated a comprehensive outlook of comorbidities and the impact of lifestyle and genetics in managing patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib 140407, Punjab, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Satwinder Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Bhawana Thukral
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
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13
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Takeyama M, Yachi S, Nishimoto Y, Tsujino I, Nakamura J, Yamamoto N, Nakata H, Ikeda S, Umetsu M, Aikawa S, Hayashi H, Satokawa H, Okuno Y, Iwata E, Ogihara Y, Ikeda N, Kondo A, Iwai T, Yamada N, Ogawa T, Kobayashi T, Mo M, Yamashita Y. Mortality-associated Risk Factors in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Japan: Findings of the CLOT-COVID Study. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:150-157. [PMID: 36372435 PMCID: PMC9909175 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of mortality-associated risk factors in patients with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. METHODS We evaluated the clinical features that were associated with mortality among patients who died during hospitalization (n = 158) and those who were alive at discharge (n = 2,736) from the large-scale, multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort CLOT-COVID study, which enrolled consecutively hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 16 centers in Japan from April to September 2021. Data from 2,894 hospitalized COVID-19 participants of the CLOT-COVID study were analyzed in this study. RESULTS Patients who died were older (71.1 years vs 51.6 years, P < 0.001), had higher median D-dimer values on admission (1.7 µg/mL vs 0.8 µg/mL, P < 0.001), and had more comorbidities. On admission, the patients who died had more severe COVID-19 than did those who survived (mild: 16% vs 63%, moderate: 47% vs 31%, and severe: 37% vs 6.2%, P < 0.001). In patients who died, the incidence of thrombosis and major bleeding during hospitalization was significantly higher than that in those who survived (thrombosis: 8.2% vs 1.5%, P < 0.001; major bleeding: 12.7% vs 1.4%, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age >70 years, high D-dimer values on admission, heart disease, active cancer, higher COVID-19 severity on admission, and development of major bleeding during hospitalization were independently associated with a higher mortality risk. CONCLUSION This large-scale observational study in Japan identified several independent risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 that could facilitate appropriate risk stratification of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takeyama
- Japan Community Health Care Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center
| | - Sen Yachi
- Japan Community Health Care Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | | | - Hiroya Hayashi
- Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Eriko Iwata
- Nankai Medical Center Japan Community Health Care Organization
| | | | | | - Akane Kondo
- Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults
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14
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Malinowska JK, Żuradzki T. Reductionist methodology and the ambiguity of the categories of race and ethnicity in biomedical research: an exploratory study of recent evidence. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE, AND PHILOSOPHY 2023; 26:55-68. [PMID: 36352325 PMCID: PMC9646278 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we analyse how researchers use the categories of race and ethnicity with reference to genetics and genomics. We show that there is still considerable conceptual "messiness" (despite the wide-ranging and popular debate on the subject) when it comes to the use of ethnoracial categories in genetics and genomics that among other things makes it difficult to properly compare and interpret research using ethnoracial categories, as well as draw conclusions from them. Finally, we briefly reconstruct some of the biases of reductionism to which geneticists (as well as other researchers referring to genetic methods and explanations) are particularly exposed to, and we analyse the problem in the context of the biologization of ethnoracial categories. Our work constitutes a novel, in-depth contribution to the debate about reporting race and ethnicity in biomedical and health research. First, we reconstruct the theoretical background assumptions about racial ontology which researchers implicitly presume in their studies with the aid of a sample of recent papers published in medical journals about COVID-19. Secondly, we use the typology of the biases of reductionism to the problem of biologization of ethnoracial categories with reference to genetics and genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K. Malinowska
- Faculty of Philosophy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Ul. Szamarzewskiego 89C, 60-568 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żuradzki
- Institute of Philosophy & Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Grodzka 52, 31-044 Kraków, Poland
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15
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Grujičić D, Mirkov L, Banković D, Virijević K, Marinković D, Milošević-Djordjević O. Homozygous-Recessive Characteristics as a Biomarker of Predisposition for COVID-19. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:589-600. [PMID: 36695163 PMCID: PMC9902784 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221147754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a new form of severe acute respiratory syndrome, has caused a global pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyze homozygous-recessive characteristics (HRC) in the group of COVID-19 patients, considering their gender, forms of the disease (mild and severe symptoms), risk factors: hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, hyperlipidemia, smoking habits, and the distribution of ABO blood group. Using the HRC test, we analyzed 20 HRCs in a sample of 321 individuals: 205 patients and 116 controls. The average HRC in patients was significantly higher than controls, as well as in patients with severe symptoms compared to patients with mild symptoms. The patients with higher HRC (cut-off ≤5.5) experienced a significantly increased risk of disease of 2.3 times (OR = 2.315, p < .0005). Our results indicate that the HRC test could be used as a screening in recognizing predisposition for COVID-19.
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16
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Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Meta-Analysis of the Frequency of ACE I/D Polymorphisms in Centenarians and Other Long-Lived Individuals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043411. [PMID: 36834822 PMCID: PMC9966830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research on the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene has yielded controversial results on whether different ACE polymorphisms are linked with human longevity. ACE polymorphisms are a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and age-onset diseases that may contribute to the mortality of older people. Our goal is to consolidate existing studies, using artificial intelligence-assisted software to come to a more precise understanding of the role of the ACE gene in human longevity. The I (insertion) and D (deletion) polymorphisms in the intron are correlated with the levels of circulating ACE; homozygous D (DD) is high, and homozygous I (II) is low. Here, we performed a detailed meta-analysis of the I and D polymorphisms using centenarians (100+ years old), long-lived subjects (85+ years old), and control groups. ACE genotype distribution was analyzed across a total of 2054 centenarians and 12,074 controls, as well as 1367 long-lived subjects between the ages of 85-99, using the inverse variance and random effects methods. The ACE DD genotype was found to be favored in centenarians (OR: 1.41 (95% CI: 1.19-1.67), p < 0.0001) with a heterogeneity of 32%, and the II genotype slightly favored the control groups (OR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.98), p = 0.03) with a heterogeneity of 28%, corroborating results from previous meta-analyses. Novel to our meta-analysis, the ID genotype was found to be favored in control groups (OR: 0.86 (95% CI: 0.76-0.97), p = 0.01) with a heterogeneity of 0%. The long-lived group showed a similar positive association between the DD genotype and longevity (OR: 1.34 (95% CI: 1.21-1.48), p < 0.0001) and a negative association between the II genotype and longevity (OR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.70-0.88), p < 0.0001). The long-lived ID genotype did not show significant findings (OR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.84-1.02), p = 0.79). In conclusion, the results suggest a significant positive association of the DD genotype with human longevity. However, despite the previous study, the results do not confirm a positive association of the ID genotype with human longevity. We suggest a few important paradoxical implications: (1) inhibition of ACE can increase longevity in model systems from nematodes to mammals, seemingly opposite to the finding in humans; (2) exceptional longevity associated with homozygous DD is also associated with age-related diseases with higher mortality risks in homozygous DD. We discuss ACE, longevity, and age-related diseases.
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17
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Lemieux W, Perreault J, Leiva-Torres GA, Baillargeon N, Yanez JC, Chevrier MC, Richard L, Lewin A, Trépanier P. HLA and red blood cell antigen genotyping in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma donors. Future Virol 2023:10.2217/fvl-2022-0058. [PMID: 36844192 PMCID: PMC9941981 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: More data is required regarding the association between HLA allele and red blood cell (RBC) antigen expression in regard to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 susceptibility. Methods: ABO, RhD, 37 other RBC antigens and HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 were determined using high throughput platforms in 90 Caucasian convalescent plasma donors. Results: The AB group was significantly increased (1.5×, p = 0.018) and some HLA alleles were found to be significantly overrepresented (HLA-B*44:02, C*05:01, DPB1*04:01, DRB1*04:01 and DRB1*07:01) or underrepresented (A*01:01, B51:01 and DPB1*04:02) in convalescent individuals compared with the local bone marrow registry population. Conclusion: Our study of infection-susceptible but non-hospitalized Caucasian COVID-19 patients contributes to the global understanding of host genetic factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lemieux
- 1Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs & Innovation, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, G1V 5G3, Canada
| | - Josée Perreault
- 1Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs & Innovation, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, G1V 5G3, Canada
| | | | - Nadia Baillargeon
- 2Héma-Québec, Transfusion Medicine, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, H4R 2W7, Canada
| | | | | | - Lucie Richard
- 2Héma-Québec, Transfusion Medicine, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, H4R 2W7, Canada
| | - Antoine Lewin
- 1Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs & Innovation, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, G1V 5G3, Canada
| | - Patrick Trépanier
- 1Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs & Innovation, Québec City & Montréal, Québec, G1V 5G3, Canada,Author for correspondence:
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18
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Fiorentino G, Benincasa G, Coppola A, Franzese M, Annunziata A, Affinito O, Viglietti M, Napoli C. Targeted genetic analysis unveils novel associations between ACE I/D and APO T158C polymorphisms with D-dimer levels in severe COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 55:51-59. [PMID: 36371754 PMCID: PMC9660132 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Only a percentage of COVID-19 patients develop thrombotic complications. We hypothesized that genetic profiles may explain part of the inter-individual differences. Our goal was to evaluate the genotypic distribution of targeted DNA polymorphisms in COVID-19 patients complicated (PE+) or not (PE-) by pulmonary embolism. We designed a retrospective observational study enrolling N = 94 consecutive patients suffering severe COVID-19 with pulmonary embolism (PE+, N = 47) or not (PE-, N = 47) during hospitalization. A panel of N = 13 prothrombotic DNA polymorphisms (FV R506Q and H1299R, FII G20210A, MTHFR C677T and A1298C, CBS 844ins68, PAI-1 4G/5G, GPIIIa HPA-1 a/b, ACE I/D, AGT T9543C, ATR-1 A1166C, FGB - 455G > A, FXIII103G > T) and N = 2 lipid metabolism-related DNA polymorphisms (APOE T 112C and T158C) were investigated using Reverse Dot Blot technique. Then, we investigated possible associations between genotypic subclasses and demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters including age, obesity, smoking, pro-inflammatory cytokines, drug therapy, and biomarkers of thrombotic risk such as D-dimer (DD). We found that 58.7% of PE+ had homozygous mutant D/D genotype at ACE I/D locus vs. PE- (40.4%) and 87% of PE+ had homozygous mutant C/C genotype at APOE T158C locus vs. PE- (68.1%). In PE+ group, DD levels were significantly higher in D/D and I/D genotypes at ACE I/D locus (P = 0.00066 and P = 0.00023, respectively) and in C/C and T/C genotypes at APOE T158C locus (P = 1.6e-06 and P = 0.0012, respectively) than PE- group. For the first time, we showed significant associations between higher DD levels and ACE I/D and APOE T158C polymorphisms in PE+ vs. PE- patients suggesting potential useful biomarkers of poor clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Annunziata
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mario Viglietti
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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19
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Association investigations between ACE1 and ACE2 polymorphisms and severity of COVID-19 disease. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:27-36. [PMID: 36255490 PMCID: PMC9579601 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique affinity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in patients, the foremost recent evidence indicated that ACE1 and ACE2 polymorphisms could affect the susceptibility of individuals to SARS-CoV-2 infection and also the disease outcome. Here, we aimed to assess the possible association between two polymorphisms and the severity of disease in patients. In the present study, 146 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences hospitals between March 2020 and July 2020 were enrolled in this case-control study. The patients were divided into four groups based on clinical symptoms and severity of the diseases (mild, moderate, severe, and critical). After DNA extraction, the ACE gene I/D polymorphism (rs4646994) and ACE2 gene polymorphism (rs2285666) were genotyped using Gap-PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques, respectively. Then, five samples from each obtained genotype were confirmed by Sanger sequencing technique. Data were analyzed with SAS software version 9.1 using appropriate statistical procedures. The ACE gene I/D polymorphism (rs4646994) genotypes were classified into three types: I/I, I/D, and D/D. Our finding indicated that the prevalence of ACE1 D/D genotype was significantly higher in severe and critical COVID-19 patients (P = 0.0016). Additionally, the analysis revealed a remarkable association between rs4646994 SNP and the HB and ESRI levels in patients (P < 0.05). Although the ACE2 rs2285666 SNP was not related to the severity of disease, this variant was significantly associated with ALT, ESRI, and P. These results provide preliminary evidence of a genetic association between the ACE-D/D genotype and the D allele of ACE1 genotype and the disease severity. Therefore, our findings might be useful for identifying the susceptible population groups for COVID-19 therapy.
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20
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Papadopoulos KI, Papadopoulou A, Aw TC. A protective erythropoietin evolutionary landscape, NLRP3 inflammasome regulation, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Hum Cell 2023; 36:26-40. [PMID: 36310304 PMCID: PMC9618415 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The low incidence of pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) lack a unifying pathophysiological explanation, impeding effective prevention and therapy. Activation of the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome in SARS-CoV-2 with perturbed regulation in MIS-C, has been reported. We posit that, early age physiological states and genetic determinants, such as certain polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) molecules, promote a controlled RAAS hyperactive state, and form an evolutionary landscape involving an age-dependent erythropoietin (EPO) elevation, mediating ancestral innate immune defenses that, through appropriate NLRP3 regulation, mitigate tissue injury and pathogen invasion. SARS-CoV-2-induced downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 expression in endothelial cells (EC), impairment of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activity and downstream NO bioavailability, may promote a hyperactive RAAS with elevated angiotensin II and aldosterone that, can trigger, and accelerate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while EPO-eNOS/NO abrogate it. Young age and a protective EPO evolutionary landscape may successfully inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and contain NLRP3 inflammasome activation. By contrast, increasing age and falling EPO levels, in genetically susceptible children with adverse genetic variants and co-morbidities, may lead to unopposed RAAS hyperactivity, NLRP3 inflammasome dysregulation, severe endotheliitis with pyroptotic cytokine storm, and development of autoantibodies, as already described in MIS-C. Our haplotype estimates, predicted from allele frequencies in population databases, are in concordance with MIS-C incidence reports in Europeans but indicate lower risks for Asians and African Americans. Targeted Mendelian approaches dissecting the influence of relevant genetic variants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos I Papadopoulos
- Department of Research and Development, THAI StemLife Co., Ltd., 566/3 THAI StemLife Bldg., Soi Ramkhamhaeng 39 (Thepleela 1), Prachaouthit Rd., Wangthonglang, 10310, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Alexandra Papadopoulou
- Occupational and Environmental Health Services, Feelgood Lund, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 17, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tar-Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, 529889, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
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21
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Yu H, Li L, Huffman A, Beverley J, Hur J, Merrell E, Huang HH, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ong E, Cheng L, Zeng T, Zhang J, Li P, Liu Z, Wang Z, Zhang X, Ye X, Handelman SK, Sexton J, Eaton K, Higgins G, Omenn GS, Athey B, Smith B, Chen L, He Y. A new framework for host-pathogen interaction research. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1066733. [PMID: 36591248 PMCID: PMC9797517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1066733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 often manifests with different outcomes in different patients, highlighting the complexity of the host-pathogen interactions involved in manifestations of the disease at the molecular and cellular levels. In this paper, we propose a set of postulates and a framework for systematically understanding complex molecular host-pathogen interaction networks. Specifically, we first propose four host-pathogen interaction (HPI) postulates as the basis for understanding molecular and cellular host-pathogen interactions and their relations to disease outcomes. These four postulates cover the evolutionary dispositions involved in HPIs, the dynamic nature of HPI outcomes, roles that HPI components may occupy leading to such outcomes, and HPI checkpoints that are critical for specific disease outcomes. Based on these postulates, an HPI Postulate and Ontology (HPIPO) framework is proposed to apply interoperable ontologies to systematically model and represent various granular details and knowledge within the scope of the HPI postulates, in a way that will support AI-ready data standardization, sharing, integration, and analysis. As a demonstration, the HPI postulates and the HPIPO framework were applied to study COVID-19 with the Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO), leading to a novel approach to rational design of drug/vaccine cocktails aimed at interrupting processes occurring at critical host-coronavirus interaction checkpoints. Furthermore, the host-coronavirus protein-protein interactions (PPIs) relevant to COVID-19 were predicted and evaluated based on prior knowledge of curated PPIs and domain-domain interactions, and how such studies can be further explored with the HPI postulates and the HPIPO framework is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital and National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunological Diseases, People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anthony Huffman
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John Beverley
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Asymmetric Operations Sector, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Eric Merrell
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hsin-hui Huang
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital and National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunological Diseases, People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yingtong Liu
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Edison Ong
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Bioinformatics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Helongjian, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengpai Li
- Center of Intelligent Medicine, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Center of Intelligent Medicine, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital and National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunological Diseases, People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianwei Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital and National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunological Diseases, People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | | | - Jonathan Sexton
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn Eaton
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gerry Higgins
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gilbert S. Omenn
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Brian Athey
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Barry Smith
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqun He
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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22
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Rabaan AA, Mutair AA, Aljeldah M, Shammari BRA, Sulaiman T, Alshukairi AN, Alfaresi M, Al-Jishi JM, Al Bati NA, Al-Mozaini MA, Bshabshe AA, Almatouq JA, Abuzaid AA, Alfaraj AH, Al-Adsani W, Alabdullah M, Alwarthan S, Alsalman F, Alwashmi ASS, Alhumaid S. Genetic Variants and Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122355. [PMID: 36553622 PMCID: PMC9778397 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus-19 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected numerous individuals worldwide, resulting in millions of fatalities. The pandemic spread with high mortality rates in multiple waves, leaving others with moderate to severe symptoms. Co-morbidity variables, including hypertension, diabetes, and immunosuppression, have exacerbated the severity of COVID-19. In addition, numerous efforts have been made to comprehend the pathogenic and host variables that contribute to COVID-19 susceptibility and pathogenesis. One of these endeavours is understanding the host genetic factors predisposing an individual to COVID-19. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have demonstrated the host predisposition factors in different populations. These factors are involved in the appropriate immune response, their imbalance influences susceptibility or resistance to viral infection. This review investigated the host genetic components implicated at the various stages of viral pathogenesis, including viral entry, pathophysiological alterations, and immunological responses. In addition, the recent and most updated genetic variations associated with multiple host factors affecting COVID-19 pathogenesis are described in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 33048, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aljeldah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39831, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim R. Al Shammari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39831, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Sulaiman
- Infectious Diseases Section, Medical Specialties Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 12231, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer N. Alshukairi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alfaresi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa General Hospital, Umm Al Quwain 499, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jumana M. Al-Jishi
- Internal Medicine Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif 35342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neda A. Al Bati
- Medical and Clinical Affairs, Rural Health Network, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam 31444, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A. Al-Mozaini
- Immunocompromised Host Research Section, Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal, Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Bshabshe
- Adult Critical Care Department of Medicine, Division of Adult Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jenan A. Almatouq
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Mohammed Al-Mana College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid
- Medical Microbiology Department, Security Forces Hospital Programme, Dammam 32314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal H. Alfaraj
- Pediatric Department, Abqaiq General Hospital, First Eastern Health Cluster, Abqaiq 33261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasl Al-Adsani
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kuwait City 63537, Kuwait
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hampton Veterans Administration Medical Center, Hampton, VA 23667, USA
| | - Mohammed Alabdullah
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Mubarraz 36342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Alwarthan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alsalman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oyun City Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36312, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen S. S. Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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23
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The association of ACE I/D polymorphism with the severity of COVID-19 in Iranian patients: A case-control study. HUMAN GENE 2022. [PMID: 37521445 PMCID: PMC9364667 DOI: 10.1016/j.humgen.2022.201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have tried to find the reason behind the variety of the symptoms and disease severity among patients. It seems that genetic background may contribute in severity of this infection. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. An Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE1 gene may explain the genetic risk for disease severity. Methods We genotyped 251 COVID-19 patients: 151 patients with mild or asymptomatic disease compared with 100 patients with severe to critical illness (without any comorbidities for the disease severity). Results There was a significant association between the ACE1 DD genotype and disease severity (p-value = 1 × 10-2; OR = 2.004, 95%CI = 1.147-3.499) and our results showed that it was inherited under recessive or codominant inheritance patterns. Also, the I allele showed a protective role against the severe form of COVID-19 disease (p-value = 1 × 10-4). Conclusion We concluded that ACE1 DD genotype can predict the risk of severe form of COVID-19 infection in the absence of known comorbidities as disease severity risk factors. Further studies with larger sample sizes in other populations are still needed to clarify the role of ACE I/D polymorphism in SARS-CoV-2 infection severity.
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24
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Rezaei M, Mohammadpour H, Eftekhari M, Pourabdollah M, Nasr Azadani F, Tabarsi P, Marjani M, Ziai SA. The role of angiotensin I converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism in the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Front Genet 2022; 13:1035796. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1035796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease in 2019 has led to a global crisis. COVID-19 shows distinct clinical manifestations of the severity of symptoms. Numerous patients with no associated risk factors demonstrate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The role of genetic factors in determining the severity and outcome of the disease remains unresolved. The purpose of this study was to see if a correlation exists between Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and the severity of COVID-19 patients’ symptoms. 120 COVID-19 patients admitted to Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran with their consent to participate entered the study. Based on the World Health Organization classification, patients were divided into moderate and severe groups, which were primarily affected by O2 saturation levels. The effects of the patients’ ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism, background disease, Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drug consumption, and demographic parameters on the severity risk were calculated statistically. The ACE D allele was associated with an increased risk of disease severity (OR = 6.766, p = 0.012), but had no effect on mortality.
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25
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Balzanelli MG, Distratis P, Lazzaro R, Pham VH, Tran TC, Dipalma G, Bianco A, Serlenga EM, Aityan SK, Pierangeli V, Nguyen KCD, Inchingolo F, Tomassone D, Isacco CG. Analysis of Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Disease Highlighting the Susceptibility and the Severity towards the Infection. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112824. [PMID: 36428884 PMCID: PMC9689844 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors may influence the risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Exposure to the virus cannot explain the variety of an individual's responses to the virus and the high differences of effect that the virus may cause to some. While a person's preexisting condition and their immune defenses have been confirmed to play a major role in the disease progression, there is still much to learn about hosts' genetic makeup towards COVID-19 susceptibility and risk. The host genetic makeup may have direct influence on the grade of predisposition and outcomes of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of relevant genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the peripheral blood level of IL6, vitamin D and arterial blood gas (ABG) markers (pH, oxygen-SpO2 and carbon dioxide-SpCO2) on two groups, COVID-19 (n = 41, study), and the healthy (n = 43, control). We analyzed cytokine and interleukin genes in charge of both pro-inflammatory and immune-modulating responses and those genes that are considered involved in the COVID-19 progression and complications. Thus, we selected major genes, such as IL1β, IL1RN (IL-1 β and α receptor) IL6, IL6R (IL-6 receptor), IL10, IFNγ (interferon gamma), TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme), SERPINA3 (Alpha-1-Antiproteinase, Antitrypsin member of Serpin 3 family), VDR (vitamin D receptor Tak1, Bsm1 and Fok1), and CRP (c-reactive protein). Though more research is needed, these findings may give a better representation of virus pleiotropic activity and its relation to the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Giosuè Balzanelli
- SET-118, Department of Pre-Hospital and Emergency-San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - Pietro Distratis
- SET-118, Department of Pre-Hospital and Emergency-San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - Rita Lazzaro
- SET-118, Department of Pre-Hospital and Emergency-San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - Van Hung Pham
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Phan Chau Trinh University of Medicine, Danang City 50000, Vietnam
| | - Toai Cong Tran
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Genetics, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelica Bianco
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Puglia and Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Emilio Maria Serlenga
- Hematology Department, Blood Transfusion Unit, SS Annunnziata Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | | | | | - Kieu Cao Diem Nguyen
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Tomassone
- Foundation of Physics Research Center, 87053 Celico, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Ciro Gargiulo Isacco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
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26
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Uluturk M, Sabirli R, Kemanci A, Seyit M, Ozen M, Oskay A, Koseler A, Turkcuer I. Investigation of Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Concentration and ACE Gene Polymorphism in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Admitted to the Emergency Department. Cureus 2022; 14:e31201. [PMID: 36505135 PMCID: PMC9728626 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study seeks to investigate the distribution of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and serum levels in patients with viral pneumonia and predict which polymorphism will lead to severe progression of the disease. Methodology The serum ACE levels and ACE gene polymorphisms were successfully evaluated with respect to subsequent viral pneumonia using records of 100 patients with viral pneumonia and 100 healthy controls. Results ACE serum concentration was statistically significantly elevated. ACE serum concentration with a cut-off value of ≥5,256.05 pg/mL had 85.3% sensitivity and 83.2% selectivity. In addition, patients with ACE genotype D/D were 0.08 times more likely to manifest severe lung involvement than those with I/I, and patients with the I/D genotype were 0.02 times more likely than their counterparts with I/I. The computed tomography findings of the patients revealed that ACE serum concentration was significantly effective in discriminating between mild and moderate-to-severe lung involvement. No significant difference was observed between the blood parameters and ACE genotype distributions. Conclusions I/D polymorphism likely affects the expression of the ACE gene and/or the function of the angiotensin I converting enzyme. The D/D genotype is associated with vessel wall thickness and higher blood pressure. Strong evidence was found between D/D and I/D genotypes in the patient cohort concerning genotypes and ACE serum concentration. Further analysis showed that ACE serum levels were more elevated in the D/D genotype compared to the I/D genotype in the patient cohort.
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27
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Tziastoudi M, Cholevas C, Stefanidis I, Theoharides TC. Genetics of COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1838-1857. [PMID: 36204816 PMCID: PMC9639636 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID‐19 and ME/CFS present with some similar symptoms, especially physical and mental fatigue. In order to understand the basis of these similarities and the possibility of underlying common genetic components, we performed a systematic review of all published genetic association and cohort studies regarding COVID‐19 and ME/CFS and extracted the genes along with the genetic variants investigated. We then performed gene ontology and pathway analysis of those genes that gave significant results in the individual studies to yield functional annotations of the studied genes using protein analysis through evolutionary relationships (PANTHER) VERSION 17.0 software. Finally, we identified the common genetic components of these two conditions. Seventy‐one studies for COVID‐19 and 26 studies for ME/CFS were included in the systematic review in which the expression of 97 genes for COVID‐19 and 429 genes for ME/CFS were significantly affected. We found that ACE, HLA‐A, HLA‐C, HLA‐DQA1, HLA‐DRB1, and TYK2 are the common genes that gave significant results. The findings of the pathway analysis highlight the contribution of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways, and the T cell activation and Toll receptor signaling pathways. Protein class analysis revealed the contribution of defense/immunity proteins, as well as protein‐modifying enzymes. Our results suggest that the pathogenesis of both syndromes could involve some immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tziastoudi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Cholevas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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28
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Aziz MA, Islam MS. Association of ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphisms with the infection and severity of COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2063. [PMID: 36148537 PMCID: PMC9538166 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 genetic polymorphisms could play a critical role in altering the clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2. The findings of previous studies remained inconclusive. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association and provide a more reliable outcome. METHODS This study was completed following the updated recommendations of PRISMA using RevMan 5.4.1 statistical software. RESULTS A total of 11 studies with 950 severe cases and 1573 non-severe cases with COVID-19 infection were included. Pooled analysis showed that ACE1 I/D polymorphism was correlated with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 in the DD genotype and D allele for the fixed-effects model (OR:1.27 and OR:1.17). Besides, codominant 3, recessive, and allele models were associated with the severity of the fixed-effects model (OR:1.35, OR:1.37, and OR:1.20) in Caucasian ethnicity. ACE2 rs2285666 was linked with the severity in codominant 3 (OR:2.63, for both random- and fixed effects-models), overdominant (OR:1.97, for random-effects model and OR:1.97, for fixed effects-model), and recessive model (OR:0.41 for fixed- and random-effects model). Allele model of rs2285666 showed a significant association in the fixed-effects model (OR:1.61). CONCLUSION Our present meta-analysis suggests that ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 variants may enhance the severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Future studies are warranted to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health SciencesState University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh,Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversitySonapurBangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversitySonapurBangladesh,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of ScienceNoakhali Science and Technology UniversitySonapurBangladesh
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29
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Ji XS, Chen B, Ze B, Zhou WH. Human genetic basis of severe or critical illness in COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:963239. [PMID: 36204639 PMCID: PMC9530247 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.963239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic or mild infection to severe or critical illness, such as respiratory failure, multi-organ dysfunction or even death. Large-scale genetic association studies have indicated that genetic variations affecting SARS-CoV-2 receptors (angiotensin-converting enzymes, transmembrane serine protease-2) and immune components (Interferons, Interleukins, Toll-like receptors and Human leukocyte antigen) are critical host determinants related to the severity of COVID-19. Genetic background, such as 3p21.31 and 9q34.2 loci were also identified to influence outcomes of COVID-19. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current literature focusing on human genetic factors that may contribute to the observed diversified severity of COVID-19. Enhanced understanding of host genetic factors and viral interactions of SARS-CoV-2 could provide scientific bases for personalized preventive measures and precision medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Shan Ji
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bi Ze
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Abbaszadeh H, Mohammadi F, Rajabi-Moghaddam M, Kabiri-Rad H, Ghafari S, Abedi F, Miri-Moghaddam E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 and voltage-gated potassium channel-interacting protein 4 gene polymorphisms in COVID-19 patients from east of Iran. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:39-44. [PMID: 36126762 PMCID: PMC9482166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the infectious respiratory disease caused by a newly discovered pathogen (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), is a pandemic that places a burden on the health care system. Recently, most research on COVID-19 has emphasized its profound impact on specific regions and ethnic groups. A possible explanation for these variations in disease presentation and severity might be differences in the gene pool of populations. This study therefore attempted to clarify possible involvements of genetic factors affecting COVID-19 pathogenesis with a focus on voltage-gated potassium channel-interacting protein 4 (KCNIP4) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene polymorphisms. Materials and methods In this case-control study, the polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR in 194 COVID-19 patients and 194 healthy controls. Results COVID-19 susceptibility and severity appeared to be unaffected by these polymorphisms. However, this study supported the relevance of ACE1 II genotype frequency to a decreased number of deaths due to the infection. We found that COVID-19 patients with the ACE1 II genotype have a statistically significant better chance of survival (p = 0.008). Conclusion This study strengthens the idea that the ACE1 I/D polymorphism can be a novel prognostic factor indicating the outcome of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Farshid Abedi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, BUMS, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, BUMS, Birjand, Iran.
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Keikha M, Karbalaei M. Global distribution of ACE1 (rs4646994) and ACE2 (rs2285666) polymorphisms associated with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105781. [PMID: 36116608 PMCID: PMC9476369 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies emphasize the significant impact of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) as a risk factor associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, according to the literature, the effect of rs4646994 and rs2285666 polymorphisms on susceptibility and progression to severe clinical outcomes is still controversial. Our aim was to investigate the effect of polymorphisms such as rs4646994 and rs2285666 on susceptibility to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search using databases such as ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve studies on the effect of two polymorphisms (rs4646994 and rs2285666) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene on COVID-19. Finally, the effect of each polymorphism on SARS-CoV-2 infection was measured based on the odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Analysis of the rs4646994 polymorphism showed that the frequency of the D allele in patients infected with COVID-19 was higher than that the I allele. Moreover, the authors found that the DD genotype increased the risk of severe disease by 1.7-fold in Asian population, whereas, this was not the case in the Western population. However, the rs4646994 II genotype plays a protective role against COVID-19 in Western countries. In the case of the rs2285666 polymorphism based on patient ethnicity, the C allele had the highest frequency. Interestingly, in people harboring the GG and TT genotypes, the risk of progression to severe disease significantly increased, while people with genotypes such as GA, AA and CC seem to be more resistant to severe Covid-19. CONCLUSIONS Based on geographical region, the rs4646994 DD genotype may be considered as a predictive biomarker to identify the susceptibility of human to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes. We also concluded that individuals with GG and TT genotypes are significantly more susceptible to severe outcomes of disease, while conversely, individuals with GA, AA, and CC genotypes are less susceptible to severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Karbalaei
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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Faridzadeh A, Mahmoudi M, Ghaffarpour S, Zamani MS, Hoseinzadeh A, Naghizadeh MM, Ghazanfari T. The role of ACE1 I/D and ACE2 polymorphism in the outcome of Iranian COVID-19 patients: A case-control study. Front Genet 2022; 13:955965. [PMID: 36134024 PMCID: PMC9483011 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.955965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the beginning of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries have experienced a considerable number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. The etiology of a broad spectrum of symptoms is still debated. Host genetic variants might also significantly influence the outcome of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE1) gene Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs1799752) and ACE2 gene rs1978124 single nucleotide polymorphism with the COVID-19 severity. Methods: This study was conducted on 470 COVID-19 patients and a control group of 56 healthy individuals across several major cities in Iran. The blood sample and clinical data were collected from the participants, and their ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs1978124 polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction and PCR-RFLP, respectively. Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and ACE1 were measured in the blood samples. Results: We found that the ACE1 DD genotype frequency was inversely correlated with the risk of intubation (p = 0.017) and mortality in COVID-19 patients (p = 0.049). Even after adjustment, logistic regression demonstrated that this significant inverse association remained constant for the above variables at odds ratios of (OR) = 0.35 and Odds Ratio = 0.49, respectively. Also, in the expired (p = 0.042) and intubated (p = 0.048) groups with II + ID genotypes, the mean level of CRP was significantly higher than in the DD genotype group. Furthermore, in both intubated and expired groups, the mean serum level of ACE1 was higher compared with non-intubated and survived groups with II or II + ID genotypes. The results also indicated that ACE2 rs1978124 TT + CT genotypes in females have a significant positive role in susceptibility to COVID-19; however, in females, the TT + CT genotypes had a protective effect (OR = 0.098) against the severity of COVID-19. Conclusion: These findings suggest that ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs1978124 polymorphism could potentially influence the outcome of COVID-19 in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Faridzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud Mahmoudi, ; Tooba Ghazanfari,
| | - Sara Ghaffarpour
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud Mahmoudi, ; Tooba Ghazanfari,
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Dieter C, Brondani LDA, Leitão CB, Gerchman F, Lemos NE, Crispim D. Genetic polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270627. [PMID: 35793369 PMCID: PMC9258831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although advanced age and presence of comorbidities significantly impact the variation observed in the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, it has been suggested that genetic variants may also be involved in the disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of the literature to identify genetic polymorphisms that are likely to contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis. Pubmed, Embase and GWAS Catalog repositories were systematically searched to retrieve articles that investigated associations between polymorphisms and COVID-19. For polymorphisms analyzed in 3 or more studies, pooled OR with 95% CI were calculated using random or fixed effect models in the Stata Software. Sixty-four eligible articles were included in this review. In total, 8 polymorphisms in 7 candidate genes and 74 alleles of the HLA loci were analyzed in 3 or more studies. The HLA-A*30 and CCR5 rs333Del alleles were associated with protection against COVID-19 infection, while the APOE rs429358C allele was associated with risk for this disease. Regarding COVID-19 severity, the HLA-A*33, ACE1 Ins, and TMPRSS2 rs12329760T alleles were associated with protection against severe forms, while the HLA-B*38, HLA-C*6, and ApoE rs429358C alleles were associated with risk for severe forms of COVID-19. In conclusion, polymorphisms in the ApoE, ACE1, TMPRSS2, CCR5, and HLA loci appear to be involved in the susceptibility to and/or severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine Dieter
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Almeida Brondani
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bauermann Leitão
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natália Emerim Lemos
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Saengsiwaritt W, Jittikoon J, Chaikledkaew U, Udomsinprasert W. Genetic polymorphisms of ACE1, ACE2, and TMPRSS2 associated with COVID-19 severity: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2323. [PMID: 34997794 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a global threat, due to its fluctuating frequency and lethality. Published data revealed associations of COVID-19 susceptibility and severity with host genetic polymorphisms in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-related genes including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)1, ACE2, and transmembrane protease (TMPRSS)2. However, the findings remain inconclusive. Accordingly, we aimed to clarify associations of genetic variants in those genes with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity using a systematic review with meta-analysis. From inception through 1 July 2021, a literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Allelic distributions for each polymorphism were calculated as pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the strength of association. A total of 3333 COVID-19 patients and 5547 controls from 11 eligible studies were included. From a systematic review, ACE1 rs1799752, ACE1 rs4646994, ACE2 rs2285666, and TMPRSS2 rs12329760 were identified as common polymorphisms of RAAS-related genes. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between TMPRSS2 rs12329760 C-allele and an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.73). Likewise, additional meta-analyses uncovered that both ACE1 rs4646994 DD-genotype and ACE2 rs2285666 GG-genotype carriers had a significantly increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.93; OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.66; respectively). Genetic polymorphisms of ACE1 rs4646994 DD-genotype, ACE2 rs2285666 GG-genotype, and TMPRSS2 rs12329760 CC-genotype and C-allele may serve as predictive models of COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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The Role of ACE, ACE2, and AGTR2 Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Severity and the Presence of COVID-19-Related Retinopathy. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071111. [PMID: 35885894 PMCID: PMC9318051 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The proposed SARS-CoV-2-induced dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system results in endothelial dysfunction and microvascular thrombosis. The retinal plexuses contain terminal vessels without anastomotic connections, making the retina especially susceptible to ischemia. This study aimed to determine the role of selected polymorphisms of genes in the RAAS pathway in COVID-19 severity and their association with the presence of COVID-19 retinopathy. 69 hospitalized patients in the acute phase of COVID-19 without known systemic comorbidities and 96 healthy controls were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. The retina was assessed with fundus photography using a Topcon DRI OCT Triton (Topcon Corp., Tokyo, Japan) in the COVID-19 unit. Genotyping of selected polymorphisms in the genes for ACE (rs4646994), ACE2 (rs2285666), and AGTR2 (rs1403543) was performed. The COVID-19 group was divided into mild (n = 12) and severe (n = 57), and then further divided according to the presence of COVID-19 retinopathy (Yes, n = 50; No, n = 19). The presence of the AGTR2 rs1403543-AA genotype was associated with a 3.8-fold increased risk of COVID-19 retinopathy (p = 0.05). The genotype frequencies of selected gene polymorphisms were not significantly associated with either the presence of COVID-19 or its severity. This is the first study demonstrating a borderline association of the AGTR2 rs1403543-AA genotype with COVID-19 retinopathy in males; hence, the AGTR2 rs 1403543 A allele might represent a genetic risk factor for COVID-19 retinopathy in males.
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Ishak A, Mehendale M, AlRawashdeh MM, Sestacovschi C, Sharath M, Pandav K, Marzban S. The association of COVID-19 severity and susceptibility and genetic risk factors: A systematic review of the literature. Gene 2022; 836:146674. [PMID: 35714803 PMCID: PMC9195407 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is associated with several risk factors such as distinct ethnicities (genetic ancestry), races, sexes, age, pre-existing comorbidities, smoking, and genetics. The authors aim to evaluate the correlation between variability in the host genetics and the severity and susceptibility towards COVID-19 in this study. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, we retrieved all the relevant articles published until September 15, 2021, from two online databases: PubMed and Scopus. Findings High-risk HLA haplotypes, higher expression of ACE polymorphisms, and several genes of cellular proteases such as TMPRSS2, FURIN, TLL-1 increase the risk of susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. In addition, upregulation of several genes encoding for both innate and acquired immune systems proteins, mainly CCR5, IFNs, TLR, DPPs, and TNF, positively correlate with COVID-19 severity. However, reduced expression or polymorphisms in genes affecting TLR and IFNλ increase COVID-19 severity. Conclusion Higher expression, polymorphisms, mutations, and deletions of several genes are linked with the susceptibility, severity, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Early treatment and vaccination of individuals with genetic predisposition could help minimize the severity and mortality associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ishak
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Meghana Mehendale
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mousa M AlRawashdeh
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA; European University Cyprus - School of Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Cristina Sestacovschi
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Medha Sharath
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA; Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Krunal Pandav
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sima Marzban
- Department of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
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Faraji SN, Raee MJ, Hashemi SMA, Daryabor G, Tabrizi R, Dashti FS, Behboudi E, Heidarnejad K, Nowrouzi-Sohrabi P, Hatam G. Human interaction targets of SARS-COV-2 spike protein: A systematic review. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [PMCID: PMC9160582 DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221095382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The development of effective targeted therapy and drug-design approaches against the SARS-CoV-2 is a universal health priority. Therefore, it is important to assess possible therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 via its most interaction targets. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review on clinical and experimental investigations regarding SARS-COV-2 interaction targets for human cell entry. Methods: A systematic search using relevant MeSH terms and keywords was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science (ISI) databases up to July 2021. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of the studies, extracted the data, and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. Additionally, a narrative synthesis was done as a qualitative method for data gathering and synthesis of each outcome measure. Results: A total of 5610 studies were identified, and 128 articles were included in the systematic review. Based on the results, spike antigen was the only interaction protein from SARS-CoV-2. However, the interaction proteins from humans varied including different spike receptors and several cleavage enzymes. The most common interactions of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 for cell entry were ACE2 (entry receptor) and TMPRSS2 (for spike priming). A lot of published studies have mainly focused on the ACE2 receptor followed by the TMPRSS family and furin. Based on the results, ACE2 polymorphisms as well as spike RBD mutations affected the SARS-CoV-2 binding affinity. Conclusion: The included studies shed more light on SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry mechanisms and detailed interactions, which could enhance the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and the development of new and comprehensive therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Nooreddin Faraji
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Raee
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohamad Ali Hashemi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Daryabor
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fateme Sadat Dashti
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Emad Behboudi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Kamran Heidarnejad
- Recombinant Antibody Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Nowrouzi-Sohrabi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hatam
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Castelo-Branco L, Tsourti Z, Gennatas S, Rogado J, Sekacheva M, Viñal D, Lee R, Croitoru A, Vitorino M, Khallaf S, Šušnjar S, Soewoto W, Cardeña A, Djerouni M, Rossi M, Alonso-Gordoa T, Ngelangel C, Whisenant JG, Choueiri TK, Dimopoulou G, Pradervand S, Arnold D, Harrington K, Michielin O, Dafni U, Pentheroudakis G, Peters S, Romano E. COVID-19 in patients with cancer: first report of the ESMO international, registry-based, cohort study (ESMO-CoCARE). ESMO Open 2022; 7:100499. [PMID: 35644101 PMCID: PMC9080222 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ESMO COVID-19 and CAncer REgistry (ESMO-CoCARE) is an international collaborative registry-based, cohort study gathering real-world data from Europe, Asia/Oceania and Africa on the natural history, management and outcomes of patients with cancer infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). PATIENTS AND METHODS ESMO-CoCARE captures information on patients with solid/haematological malignancies, diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Data collected since June 2020 include demographics, comorbidities, laboratory measurements, cancer characteristics, COVID-19 clinical features, management and outcome. Parameters influencing COVID-19 severity/recovery were investigated as well as factors associated with overall survival (OS) upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS This analysis includes 1626 patients from 20 countries (87% from 24 European, 7% from 5 North African, 6% from 8 Asian/Oceanian centres), with COVID-19 diagnosis from January 2020 to May 2021. Median age was 64 years, with 52% of female, 57% of cancer stage III/IV and 65% receiving active cancer treatment. Nearly 64% patients required hospitalization due to COVID-19 diagnosis, with 11% receiving intensive care. In multivariable analysis, male sex, older age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≥2, body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, presence of comorbidities, symptomatic disease, as well as haematological malignancies, active/progressive cancer, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥6 and OnCovid Inflammatory Score ≤40 were associated with COVID-19 severity (i.e. severe/moderate disease requiring hospitalization). About 98% of patients with mild COVID-19 recovered, as opposed to 71% with severe/moderate disease. Advanced cancer stage was an additional adverse prognostic factor for recovery. At data cut-off, and with median follow-up of 3 months, the COVID-19-related death rate was 24.5% (297/1212), with 380 deaths recorded in total. Almost all factors associated with COVID-19 severity, except for BMI and NLR, were also predictive of inferior OS, along with smoking and non-Asian ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Selected patient and cancer characteristics related to sex, ethnicity, poor fitness, comorbidities, inflammation and active malignancy predict for severe/moderate disease and adverse outcomes from COVID-19 in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Castelo-Branco
- Scientific and Medical Division, ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology), Lugano, Switzerland; NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Z Tsourti
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - S Gennatas
- Medical Oncology Department, The Royal Marsden Hospital - NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Rogado
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sekacheva
- World-Class Research Center 'Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare', Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Viñal
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Lee
- Medical Oncology Department, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Croitoru
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Vitorino
- Servico Oncologia, Hospital Prof. Dr Fernando Fonseca EPE (Hospital Amadora/Sintra), Amadora, Portugal
| | - S Khallaf
- Medical Oncology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI), Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - S Šušnjar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - W Soewoto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Division, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - A Cardeña
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Djerouni
- Oncology Department, Dr Saadane Hospital, Biskra, Algeria
| | - M Rossi
- Oncology Deparment, ASO 'SS. Antonio, Biagio e Cesare Arrigo', Alessandria, Italy
| | - T Alonso-Gordoa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Ngelangel
- Asian Cancer Institute - Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Metro Manila, the Philippines
| | - J G Whisenant
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - T K Choueiri
- The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - G Dimopoulou
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - S Pradervand
- Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Arnold
- Oncology, Haematology, Palliative Care Department, Asklepios Klinik Altona - Asklepios Kliniken, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Harrington
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Royal Marsden/The Institute of Cancer Research NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - O Michielin
- Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - U Dafni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - G Pentheroudakis
- Scientific and Medical Division, ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - S Peters
- Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Romano
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
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Milani D, Caruso L, Zauli E, Al Owaifeer AM, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Gemmati D, Tisato V. p53/NF-kB Balance in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: From OMICs, Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Insights to Tailored Therapeutic Perspectives (COVIDomics). Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:871583. [PMID: 35721196 PMCID: PMC9201997 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.871583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection affects different organs and tissues, including the upper and lower airways, the lung, the gut, the olfactory system and the eye, which may represent one of the gates to the central nervous system. Key transcriptional factors, such as p53 and NF-kB and their reciprocal balance, are altered upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as other key molecules such as the virus host cell entry mediator ACE2, member of the RAS-pathway. These changes are thought to play a central role in the impaired immune response, as well as in the massive cytokine release, the so-called cytokine storm that represents a hallmark of the most severe form of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Host genetics susceptibility is an additional key side to consider in a complex disease as COVID-19 characterized by such a wide range of clinical phenotypes. In this review, we underline some molecular mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 modulates p53 and NF-kB expression and activity in order to maximize viral replication into the host cells. We also face the RAS-pathway unbalance triggered by virus-ACE2 interaction to discuss potential pharmacological and pharmacogenomics approaches aimed at restoring p53/NF-kB and ACE1/ACE2 balance to counteract the most severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Centre Haemostasis and Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- *Correspondence: Donato Gemmati, ; Veronica Tisato,
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- *Correspondence: Donato Gemmati, ; Veronica Tisato,
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40
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De la Cruz-Cano E, Jiménez-González CDC, Díaz-Gandarilla JA, López-Victorio CJ, Escobar-Ramírez A, Uribe-López SA, Huerta-García E, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Morales-García V, Gútierrez-López L, González-Garrido JA. Comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity in patients from the southeast of Mexico: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 11:10. [PMID: 35464048 PMCID: PMC9005987 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74023.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Among the risk factors associated with the severity of this disease is the presence of several metabolic disorders.
For this reason, the aim of this research was
to identify the comorbidities and laboratory parameters among COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), comparing the patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with those who did not require IMV, in order to determine the clinical characteristics associated with the COVID-19 severity. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study among 152 patients who were admitted to the ICU from April 1
st to July 31
st, 2021, in whom the comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection severity were identified. The data of these patients was grouped into two main groups: “patients who required IMV” and “patients who did not require IMV”. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test for continuous data and the
χ2 test for categorical data were used to compare the variables between both groups. Results. Of the
152 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the ICU, 66 required IMV and 86 did not require IMV. Regarding the comorbidities found in these patients, a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension and obesity was observed among patients who required IMV vs. those who did not require IMV (
p<0.05). Concerning laboratory parameters, only glucose, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher among patients who required IMV than in those who did not require IMV (
p<0.05). Conclusion. This study performed in a Mexican population indicates that comorbidities such as: T2DM, hypertension and obesity, as well as elevated levels of glucose, IL-6, LDH and CRP are associated with the COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo De la Cruz-Cano
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. CICTAT. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán,, Tabasco., 86690, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos., Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General de Comalcalco., Comalcalco., Tabasco, 86300, Mexico
| | - Cristina Del C Jiménez-González
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco., Comalcalco., Tabasco., 86650, Mexico
| | - José A Díaz-Gandarilla
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco., Comalcalco., Tabasco., 86650, Mexico
| | - Carlos J López-Victorio
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. CICTAT. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán,, Tabasco., 86690, Mexico
| | - Adelma Escobar-Ramírez
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. CICTAT. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán,, Tabasco., 86690, Mexico
| | - Sheila A Uribe-López
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez. Laboratorio de Inmunología y Microbiología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, 86205, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Huerta-García
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez. Laboratorio de Inmunología y Microbiología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, 86205, Mexico
| | | | - Vicente Morales-García
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco., Comalcalco., Tabasco., 86650, Mexico
| | - Liliana Gútierrez-López
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina., Instituto Politécnico Nacional., Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, 11340, Mexico
| | - José A González-Garrido
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. CICTAT. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular., Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán,, Tabasco., 86690, Mexico
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Figueiredo DLA, Ximenez JPB, Seiva FRF, Panis C, Bezerra RDS, Ferrasa A, Cecchini AL, de Medeiros AI, Almeida AMF, Ramão A, Boldt ABW, Moya CF, Chin CM, de Paula D, Rech D, Gradia DF, Malheiros D, Venturini D, Tavares ER, Carraro E, Ribeiro EMDSF, Pereira EM, Tuon FF, Follador FAC, Fernandes GSA, Volpato H, Cólus IMDS, de Oliveira JC, Rodrigues JHDS, dos Santos JL, Visentainer JEL, Brandi JC, Serpeloni JM, Bonini JS, de Oliveira KB, Fiorentin K, Lucio LC, Faccin-Galhardi LC, Ferreto LED, Lioni LMY, Consolaro MEL, Vicari MR, Arbex MA, Pileggi M, Watanabe MAE, Costa MAR, Giannini MJSM, Amarante MK, Khalil NM, de Lima QA, Herai RH, Guembarovski RL, Shinsato RN, Mainardes RM, Giuliatti S, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Gerber VKDQ, Pavanelli WR, da Silva WC, Petzl-Erler ML, Valente V, Soares CP, Cavalli LR, Silva WA. COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 44:e20200452. [PMID: 35421211 PMCID: PMC9075701 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China's Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients' overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Livingstone Alves Figueiredo
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Medicina, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Instituto para Pesquisa do Câncer (IPEC), Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicologia e Ciência de Alimentos, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva
- Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael dos Santos Bezerra
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Hemocentro Regional de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Adriano Ferrasa
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Programa de Pós Graduação em Computação Aplicada, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Lourenço Cecchini
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Ivo de Medeiros
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Anelisa Ramão
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Angelica Beate Winter Boldt
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Carla Fredrichsen Moya
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Chung Man Chin
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- União das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos (UNILAGO), Centro de Pesquisa Avançada em Medicina, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Paula
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Farmácia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Hospital do Câncer Francisco Beltrão, Laboratório de Biologia de Tumores, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fiori Gradia
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Danielle Malheiros
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Danielle Venturini
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de patologia, clínica e toxicologia, Laboratório de bioquímica clínica, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Eliandro Reis Tavares
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Emerson Carraro
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Laboratório de Virologia Clínica, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Evani Marques Pereira
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Enfermagem, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Felipe Francisco Tuon
- Universidade Católica do Paraná, Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes, Pontifícia Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Franciele Aní Caovilla Follador
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Hélito Volpato
- Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR), Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Educação, Paranavaí, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Jean Henrique da Silva Rodrigues
- Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Jean Leandro dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Imunogenética, Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina Brandi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sartori Bonini
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Karen Brajão de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Imunologia, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Karine Fiorentin
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Léia Carolina Lucio
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Ligia Carla Faccin-Galhardi
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucy Megumi Yamauchi Lioni
- Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcia Edilaine Lopes Consolaro
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Biologia e Genética Estrutural e Molecular, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Abdo Arbex
- Universidade de Araraquara, Faculdade de Medicina, Área temática de Pneumologia, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pileggi
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Biologia e Genética Estrutural e Molecular, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Ehara Watanabe
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Imunologia, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Antônia Ramos Costa
- Universidade do Estado do Paraná, Colegiada de Enfermagem, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria José S. Mendes Giannini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Marla Karine Amarante
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Imunologia, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Najeh Maissar Khalil
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Farmácia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Quirino Alves de Lima
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Imunogenética, Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberto H. Herai
- Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório Experimental Multiusuário, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Universitário Católico Salesiano Auxilium (UNISALESIANO), Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberta Losi Guembarovski
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Rogério N. Shinsato
- Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório Experimental Multiusuário, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Universitário Católico Salesiano Auxilium (UNISALESIANO), Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Rubiana Mara Mainardes
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Farmácia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Hemocentro Regional de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Viviane Knuppel de Quadros Gerber
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Enfermagem, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia de Doenças Negligenciadas e Câncer, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Weber Claudio da Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Departamento de Farmácia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Petzl-Erler
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Valeria Valente
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Centro de Terapia Celular (CEPID/FAPESP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pienna Soares
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciane Regina Cavalli
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araujo Silva
- Instituto para Pesquisa do Câncer (IPEC), Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Centro de Terapia Celular (CEPID/FAPESP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Células-Tronco e Terapia Celular (INCT/CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Novos Arranjos de Pesquisa e Inovação - Genômica (NAPI-Genômica), Fundação Araucária, PR, Brazil
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de Araújo JLF, Menezes D, de Aguiar RS, de Souza RP. IFITM3, FURIN, ACE1, and TNF-α Genetic Association With COVID-19 Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:775246. [PMID: 35432458 PMCID: PMC9010674 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.775246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human polymorphisms may contribute to SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and COVID-19 outcomes (asymptomatic presentation, severe COVID-19, death). We aimed to evaluate the association of IFITM3, FURIN, ACE1, and TNF-α genetic variants with both phenotypes using meta-analysis. The bibliographic search was conducted on the PubMed and Scielo databases covering reports published until February 8, 2022. Two independent researchers examined the study quality using the Q-Genie tool. Using the Mantel–Haenszel weighted means method, odds ratios were combined under both fixed- and random-effect models. Twenty-seven studies were included in the systematic review (five with IFITM3, two with Furin, three with TNF-α, and 17 with ACE1) and 22 in the meta-analysis (IFITM3 n = 3, TNF-α, and ACE1 n = 16). Meta-analysis indicated no association of 1) ACE1 rs4646994 and susceptibility, 2) ACE1 rs4646994 and asymptomatic COVID-19, 3) IFITM3 rs12252 and ICU hospitalization, and 4) TNF-α rs1800629 and death. On the other hand, significant results were found for ACE1 rs4646994 association with COVID-19 severity (11 studies, 692 severe cases, and 1,433 nonsevere controls). The ACE1 rs4646994 deletion allele showed increased odds for severe manifestation (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.26–1.66). The homozygous deletion was a risk factor (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.22–1.83), while homozygous insertion presented a protective effect (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.45–0.74). Further reports are needed to verify this effect on populations with different ethnic backgrounds.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prosperodisplay_record.php?ID=CRD42021268578, identifier CRD42021268578
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Renin-angiotensin system blocker and the COVID-19 aggravation in patients with hypertension, diabetes, renal failure, Cerebro-cardiovascular disease, or pulmonary disease: Report by the COVID-19 REGISTRY JAPAN. J Cardiol 2022; 80:292-297. [PMID: 35469713 PMCID: PMC8989871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) in the pandemic context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be debated. Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, cerebro-cardiovascular disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who often use ACEi/ARB, may be at risk of severe COVID-19. However, there are no data available on the association of ACEi/ARB use with COVID-19 severity in this population. Methods This study is an observational study of patients with a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test and inpatient treatment at a healthcare facility, using the registry information of COVIREGI-JP. Our primary outcomes were in-hospital death, ventilator support, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and intensive care unit admission. Out of the 6055 patients, 1921 patients with preexisting hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, cerebro-cardiovascular disease, or COPD were enrolled. Results Factors associated with an increased risk of the primary outcomes were aging, male sex, COPD, severe renal impairment, and diabetes mellitus. No correlations were observed with ACEi/ARB, cerebro-cardiovascular diseases, or hypertension. Associated factors in male patients were aging, renal impairment, hypertension, and diabetes. In female patients, factors associated with an increased risk were aging, ACEi/ARB, renal impairment, and diabetes, whereas hypertension was associated with a lower risk of the primary outcomes. Conclusions Independent factors for the primary outcomes were aging, male sex, COPD, severe renal impairment, and diabetes, but not ACEi/ARB. Based on this registry data analysis, more detailed data collection and analysis is needed with the cooperation of multiple healthcare facilities.
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is growing evidence that host genetics play an important role in COVID-19 severity. Based on current knowledge about the human protein machinery for SARS-CoV-2 entry, the host innate immune response, and virus-host interactions, the potential effects of human genetic polymorphisms, which may contribute to clinical differences in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, may help to determine the individual risk for COVID-19 infection and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Ragos V, Tsiambas E, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Roukas D, Mastronikolis S, Peschos D, Batistatou A, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N. From delta to Omicron: S1-RBD/S2 mutation/deletion equilibrium in SARS-CoV-2 defined variants. Gene 2022; 814:146134. [PMID: 34990799 PMCID: PMC8725615 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus-related Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) in 2002/2003, Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012/2013, and especially the current 2019/2021 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected negatively the national health systems’ endurance worldwide. SARS-Cov-2 virus belongs to lineage b of beta-CoVs demonstrating a strong phylogenetic similarity with BatCoVRaTG13 type. Spike (S) glycoprotein projections -consisting of two subunits S1/S2- provide a unique crown-like formation (corona) on virion’s surface. Concerning their functional role, S1 represents the main receptor-binding domain (RBD), whereas S2 is involved in the virus-cell membrane fusion mechanism. On Nov 26th 2021, WHO designated the new SARS-CoV-2 strain – named Omicron, from letter ‘’όμικρον’’ in the Greek alphabet - as a variant of concern (B.1.1529 variant). Potentially this new variant is associated with high transmissibility leading to elevated infectivity and probably increased re-infection rates. Its impact on morbidity/mortality remains under investigation. In the current paper, analyzing and comparing the alterations of SARS-CoV-2 S RNA sequences in the defined variants (Alpha to Omicron), we observed some interesting findings regarding the S1-RBD/S2 mutation/deletion equilibrium that maybe affect and modify its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aris Chrysovergis
- 1ST ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Dept of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Dept of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Cytology, Molecular Unit, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- ENT Department, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Efthimios Kyrodimos
- 1ST ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Polymorphisms in ACE, ACE2, AGTR1 genes and severity of COVID-19 disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263140. [PMID: 35120165 PMCID: PMC8815985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infection by the SARS-Cov-2 virus produces in humans a disease of highly variable and unpredictable severity. The presence of frequent genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the population might lead to a greater susceptibility to infection or an exaggerated inflammatory response. SARS-CoV-2 requires the presence of the ACE2 protein to enter in the cell and ACE2 is a regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Accordingly, we studied the associations between 8 SNPs from AGTR1, ACE2 and ACE genes and the severity of the disease produced by the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Methods 318 (aged 59.6±17.3 years, males 62.6%) COVID-19 patients were grouped based on the severity of symptoms: Outpatients (n = 104, 32.7%), hospitalized on the wards (n = 73, 23.0%), Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (n = 84, 26.4%) and deceased (n = 57, 17.9%). Comorbidity data (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, lung disease and cancer) were collected for adjustment. Genotype distribution of 8 selected SNPs among the severity groups was analyzed. Results Four SNPs in ACE2 were associated with the severity of disease. While rs2074192 andrs1978124showed a protector effectassuming an overdominant model of inheritance (G/A vs. GG-AA, OR = 0.32, 95%CI = 0.12–0.82; p = 0.016 and A/G vs. AA-GG, OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.14–0.96; p = 0.038, respectively); the SNPs rs2106809 and rs2285666were associated with an increased risk of being hospitalized and a severity course of the disease with recessive models of inheritance (C/C vs. T/C-T/T, OR = 11.41, 95% CI: 1.12–115.91; p = 0.012) and (A/A vs. GG-G/A, OR = 12.61, 95% CI: 1.26–125.87; p = 0.0081). As expected, an older age (OR = 1.47), male gender (OR = 1.98) and comorbidities (OR = 2.52) increased the risk of being admitted to ICU or death vs more benign outpatient course. Multivariable analysis demonstrated the role of the certain genotypes (ACE2) with the severity of COVID-19 (OR: 0.31, OR 0.37 for rs2074192 and rs1978124, and OR = 2.67, OR = 2.70 for rs2106809 and rs2285666, respectively). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in hospitalized group for I/D SNP in ACE was not showed (p<0.05), which might be due to the association with the disease. No association between COVID-19 disease and the different AGTR1 SNPs was evidenced on multivariable, nevertheless the A/A genotype for rs5183 showed an higher hospitalization risk in patients with comorbidities. Conclusions Different genetic variants in ACE2 were associated with a severe clinical course and death groups of patients with COVID-19. ACE2 common SNPs in the population might modulate severity of COVID-19 infection independently of other known markers like gender, age and comorbidities.
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Baştuğ S, Çavdarlı B, Baştuğ A, Şencan İ, Tunçez E, Çakır EY, Kemirtlek N, Sakar C, Erdem D, Ceylan GG, Turan IÖ, Kazancıoğlu S, Bodur H. Are angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE1/ACE2) gene variants associated with the clinical severity of COVID-19 pneumonia? A single-center cohort study. Anatol J Cardiol 2022; 26:133-140. [PMID: 35190362 PMCID: PMC8878912 DOI: 10.5152/anatoljcardiol.2021.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been unceasingly ongoing worldwide. Recent bioinformatics analysis and epidemiologic studies have highlighted that the functional polymorphisms on the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene may have an impact on the clinical progress of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of the ACE1 gene I/D polymorphism and ACE2 peptidase-2 domain variants on disease severity. METHODS Hundred patients with confirmed COVID-19 related pneumonia [50 patients with severe disease in intensive care unit (ICU) and 50 patients not in ICU] were compared on the basis of genetic and clinical characteristics. Genomic DNA was purified from peripheral blood lymphocytes with an automated QIA symphony DSP DNA Mini-Kit. The Sanger sequencing analysis was performed. The frequencies of ACE1 gene polymorphism and ACE2 PD variants were compared in patients hospitalized in ICU and those not in ICU. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The sequencing analysis of the ACE2 gene exon 1 and 2 revealed none of the polymorphisms investigated or any other variants in the present cohort. The frequencies of the ACE1 ID, DD, and II genotypes were 51%, 31%, and 18%, respectively. The frequency of the D allele was similar between the ICU and non-ICU groups (50.4% versus 49.6%). Older age and the presence of advanced stage radiologic abnormalities on admission were detected as independent predictors of ICU requirement. CONCLUSION No effect of any ACE1 gene polymorphism on predicting ICU requirement was detected. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the impact of ACE gene polymorphisms on clinical severity of COVID-19 in a Turkish cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdal Baştuğ
- Department of Cardiology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | | | - Aliye Baştuğ
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Health Science University Turkey, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - İrfan Şencan
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Health Science University Turkey, Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Ebru Tunçez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Esra Yakışık Çakır
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Critical Care Medicine, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Nizamettin Kemirtlek
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Cihad Sakar
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Deniz Erdem
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Critical Care Medicine, Health Science University Turkey, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Gülay Güleç Ceylan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Işıl Özkoçak Turan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Critical Care Medicine, Health Science University Turkey, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Kazancıoğlu
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Hürrem Bodur
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Health Science University Turkey, Ankara City Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
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Adli A, Rahimi M, Khodaie R, Hashemzaei N, Hosseini SM. Role of Genetic Variants and Host Polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From Viral Entrance Mechanisms to Immunological Reactions. J Med Virol 2022; 94:1846-1865. [PMID: 35076118 PMCID: PMC9015257 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by a highly pathogenic emerging virus, is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of this virus is in infancy; however, investigation on the pathogenic mechanisms of the SARS‐CoV‐2 is underway. In COVID‐19, one of the most remarkable characteristics is the wide range of disease manifestation and severity seen across individuals of different ethnic backgrounds and geographical locations. To effectively manage COVID‐19 in the populations, beyond SARS‐CoV‐2 detection, serological response assessment, and analytic techniques, it is critical to obtain knowledge about at‐risk individuals and comprehend the identified variations in the disease's severity in general and also in the populations' levels. Several factors can contribute to variation in disease presentation, including population density, gender and age differences, and comorbid circumstances including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. Genetic factors presumably influence SARS‐CoV‐2 infection susceptibility. Besides this, COVID‐19 has also been linked with a higher risk of mortality in men and certain ethnic groups, revealing that host genetic characteristics may affect the individual risk of death. Also, genetic variants involved in pathologic processes, including virus entrance into cells, antiviral immunity, and inflammatory response, are not entirely understood. Regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 infection characteristics, the present review suggests that various genetic polymorphisms influence virus pathogenicity and host immunity, which might have significant implications for understanding and interpreting the matter of genetics in SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenicity and customized integrative medical care based on population investigation. Genetic factors presumably influence SARS‐CoV‐2 infection susceptibility. Genetic variants were involved in the pathologic processes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Various genetic polymorphisms influence virus pathogenicity and host immunity. Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) may play a vital role in SARS‐CoV‐2 susceptibility. Polymorphisms in several genes such as IL‐6, TMPRSS2, IFITM3, CD26, ACE, and DBP were associated with the COVID‐19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Adli
- Human Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran1435916471Iran
| | - Mandana Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Reza Khodaie
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Sayed Mostafa Hosseini
- Human Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran1435916471Iran
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Feng S, Song F, Guo W, Tan J, Zhang X, Qiao F, Guo J, Zhang L, Jia X. Potential Genes Associated with COVID-19 and Comorbidity. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:402-415. [PMID: 35165525 PMCID: PMC8795808 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.67815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease are common comorbidities and dangerous factors for infection and serious COVID-19. Polymorphisms in genes associated with comorbidities may help observe susceptibility and disease severity variation. However, specific genetic factors and the extent to which they can explain variation in susceptibility of severity are unclear. Therefore, we evaluated candidate genes associated with COVID-19 and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. In particular, we performed searches against OMIM, NCBI, and other databases, protein-protein interaction network construction, and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Results showed that the associated overlapping genes were TLR4, NLRP3, MBL2, IL6, IL1RN, IL1B, CX3CR1, CCR5, AGT, ACE, and F2. GO and KEGG analyses yielded 302 GO terms (q < 0.05) and 29 signaling pathways (q < 0.05), respectively, mainly including coronavirus disease-COVID-19 and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. IL6 and AGT were central in the PPI, with 8 and 5 connections, respectively. In this study, we identified 11 genes associated with both COVID-19 and three comorbidities that may contribute to infection and disease severity. The key genes IL6 and AGT are involved in regulating immune response, cytokine activity, and viral infection. Therefore, RAAS inhibitors, AGT antisense nucleotides, cytokine inhibitors, vitamin D, fenofibrate, and vaccines regulating non-immune and immune factors could be potential strategies to prevent and cure COVID-19. The study provides a basis for further investigation of genes and pathways with predictive value for the risk of infection and prognosis and could help guide drug and vaccine development to improve treatment efficacy and the development of personalised treatments, especially for COVID-19 individuals with common comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Feng
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Non-coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Song
- Department of medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Jishan Tan
- Department of medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianqin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengling Qiao
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xu Jia
- Non-coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ichiyanagi K, Saito K. The fifth Japanese meeting on biological function and evolution through interactions between hosts and transposable elements. Mob DNA 2022; 13:3. [PMID: 35027075 PMCID: PMC8756742 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-022-00261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The fifth Japanese meeting on host–transposon interactions, titled “Biological Function and Evolution through Interactions between Hosts and Transposable Elements (TEs),” was held online on August 26–27, 2021. The meeting was supported by National Institute of Genetics and aimed to bring together researchers studying the diverse roles of TEs in genome function and evolution, as well as host defense systems against TE mobility by chromatin and RNA modifications and protein-protein interactions. Here, we present the highlights of the talks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ichiyanagi
- Laboratory of Genome and Epigenome Dynamics, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Invertebrate Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.
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