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Brooks Carthon JM, Brom H, Maye A, Iroegbu C, Gil J, Rizzo J, Amenyedor K, Montalvo W, Villarruel AM. Burnout and psychological distress among Hispanic nurses across Illinois and New York hospitals: Implications for structural and person-centered solutions. Nurs Outlook 2024; 72:102234. [PMID: 38991236 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high levels of burnout and psychological distress among nurses, few studies have evaluated these outcomes among Hispanic nurses. PURPOSE To evaluate the differences in job-related and psychological well-being outcomes for Hispanic and non-Hispanic White nurses and the association of nurse work environments. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of the 2021 RN4CAST-New York-Illinois nurse survey. Multilevel logistic regression models examined the association between nurse ethnicity and job-related outcomes and psychological well-being. DISCUSSION Our sample included 798 (10.7%) Hispanic and 6,642 (89.3%) non-Hispanic White nurses in 249 hospitals. In unadjusted models, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with higher odds of burnout (odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.42), which diminished when considering the work environment (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.35) and nurse characteristics (i.e., age) (OR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.83-1.21). CONCLUSION Equity-driven solutions to support the well-being of Hispanic nurses should consider a focus on the needs of young Hispanic nurses and include increased support in work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Margo Brooks Carthon
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Heather Brom
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexandra Maye
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christin Iroegbu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jennifer Gil
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John Rizzo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Wanda Montalvo
- National Association of Community Health Centers, Bethesda, MD
| | - Antonia M Villarruel
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Zhang Y, Lei S, Yang F. Incidence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1425445. [PMID: 39027048 PMCID: PMC11255848 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1425445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To systematically evaluate the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses. Method PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases were searched to collect studies on the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses. The search timeframe was from database construction to December 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.1 software. Results A total of 60 studies, including 79,644 participants, were included. The prevalence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses was 52.3% (95% CI: 44.9-59.7%). In terms of time, the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses before 2010 (26.6, 95%CI: 6.8-46.4%) and in 2010-2015 (42.4, 95%CI: 32.1-52.8%), 2016-2020 (60.2, 95%CI: 49.6-70.7%), and 2021-2023 (65.0, 95%CI: 51.5-78.4%) continued to increase. Geographically, Asia (57.4, 95%CI: 51.8-63.1%) nurses had a relatively higher prevalence of effort-reward imbalance. In terms of department, the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses was relatively higher in operating rooms (71.8, 95%CI: 64.5-79.0%), ICU (64.6, 95%CI: 27.7-100.0%), emergency (68.7, 95%CI: 62.9-74.5%), and pediatrics (65.8, 95%CI: 32.2-99.3%). Discussion The prevalence of nurse effort-reward imbalance is high, and there are differences in its prevalence across time, geography, department. Hospital administrators should actively take measures to effectively prevent and reduce the effort-reward imbalance for nurses, especially for nurses in Asia, operating rooms, emergency pediatrics and ICU departments. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42023452428).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanyan Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Krishnasamy K, Zakaria MI, Narayanan V, Chinna K, Hasnan N, Tan MP. Interprofessional Comparisons in Patient Safety Culture at a Teaching Hospital Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024:10105395241260541. [PMID: 38867476 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241260541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges with its impact on patient safety culture and staff well-being. This study was to identify potential changes in safety culture among health care workers from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine the differences across occupational groups. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered electronically in both English and Malay languages using the Google Forms platform in 2018 and was repeated in 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons were made between 2018 and 2021 to determine changes in patient safety culture for the overall staff population and by occupational groups. A total of 3175 health care workers completed the questionnaire in 2021. Overall, a comparable percentage agreement was found for all SAQ domains in 2018 and 2021 with visible improvements for doctors and support staff. Safety Attitudes Questionnaire domain scores differed in teamwork, safety climate, perception of hospital management, and working condition domains across occupational groups. Self-isolation and COVID-19 were associated with poorer SAQ domain scores, while redeployment was associated with improvements in SAQ domain scores. Interventions targeting areas of weakness as well as utilizing positive experiences such as redeployment should be explored to enhance patient safety in hospitals settings postpandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Idzwan Zakaria
- Academic Unit Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vairavan Narayanan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Hasnan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovations in Medicine Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Şimşek Ç, Mercan Baspinar M. Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Self-Applied Acute Stress Scale (EASE) for Healthcare Providers. PSYCHIATRY JOURNAL 2024; 2024:7673595. [PMID: 38966256 PMCID: PMC11221986 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7673595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Acute stress induced by a sudden burden of emergency conditions and traumatic events, such as wars, earthquakes, situations requiring isolation, pandemics, and disasters, can have pathological consequences on healthcare providers (HCPs) if not diagnosed early. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to culturally validate the self-administered Acute Stress Scale (EASE) in the Turkish context. Method The study consisted of 127 HCPs working with COVID-19 patients in services and clinics during the pandemic. The individual information form and EASE were used for data collection. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the factor structure of the EASE. Results All the statistical procedures showed that the Turkish version of the EASE scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the Turkish culture. The content validity index (CVI = 0.84), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.912), and model fit indices (χ 2/df = 1.826, RMSEA = 0.083, CFI = 0.947, NFI = 0.893, GFI = 0.905) explained two-factor structure. Conclusion Institutional approaches are necessary to support the psychological needs of HCPs. The Turkish version of the EASE scale demonstrated adequate reliability and validity properties. The scale could provide appropriate support during the early stages of acute stress among HCPs related to needs during isolation conditions or unexpected emergencies such as recent pandemics and epidemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağlar Şimşek
- Department of NursingUniversity of Health SciencesTaksim Training and Research Hospital, Taksim, Sıraselviler Street No. 48, Beyoglu 34433, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melike Mercan Baspinar
- Department of Family MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesGaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Osmanbey Street, Gaziosmanpasa 34255, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Hinderer KA, Klima DW, Kellogg MB, Morello C, Myers K, Wentland BA. Our New Normal: Pediatric Nurse Residents' Experiences with Transition to Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1159. [PMID: 38921274 PMCID: PMC11202708 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This phenomenological qualitative study examined the lived experience of pediatric nurse residents' transition to practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purposive sample included nine pediatric nurses, participating in a nurse residency program, who entered the nursing profession during the first year of the pandemic. The setting was a free-standing, Magnet-recognized, pediatric academic medical center in the Northeastern U.S. Individual interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Narratives were analyzed using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Five themes emerged from the data: Our New Normal; The Rules Keep Changing; I'm Not Ready for This (transition to practice); The Toll of COVID; and Shattered Family-Centered Care. Sub-themes emerged in The Toll of COVID theme: COVID and the Nursing Care Environment, Emotional Toll of COVID, Burnout: A Universal Truth, and The Pandemic within the Pandemic. The nurse residents' narratives uncovered the essence of their uncertainty, sorrow, growth, and resilience. Through the eyes of pediatric nurse residents, this study illuminated the experiences of these novices as they entered the nursing profession amid a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Hinderer
- Institute for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Dennis W. Klima
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Marni B. Kellogg
- Shriners Children’s, Corporate Headquarters, Tampa, FL 33607, USA;
| | - Cecelia Morello
- Departments of Psychology and Public Policy & Law, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| | - Karen Myers
- College of Nursing, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA;
| | - Beth A. Wentland
- Institute for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
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Weiss SS, Weiss L, Clayton R, Ruble MJ, Cole JD. The Relationship Between Pharmacist Resilience, Burnout, and Job Performance. J Pharm Pract 2024; 37:644-649. [PMID: 36938593 DOI: 10.1177/08971900231164886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Resilience aids healthcare professionals in navigating through and bouncing back from stressful situations in the workplace. Resilience can increase job satisfaction, work motivation, and professional commitment while decreasing burnout, and ultimately job turnover. More resilient employees experience lower instances of burnout and greater life satisfaction. Objective: The primary study objective is to determine the relationship that pharmacist resilience has on burnout and job performance. Methods: Licensed pharmacists in Florida were sent a Qualtrics survey (Qualtrics, Provo, UT) via email, which included demographics data, and valid and reliable assessment tools for resilience, burnout, and job performance. Linear regressions were used to test if resilience significantly predicted each of the output variables: burnout and job performance. Results: Survey responses were received from 942 pharmacists. The regressions showed that resilience significantly predicted both burnout (β1 = -.701, P < .001) and job performance (β1 = .35, P < .001). As resilience increased, the levels of burnout decreased, and job performance increased. Resilience explained 29% of the variance in burnout, and 11% of the variance in job performance. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that resilience significantly predicts both pharmacist work-related burnout and job performance. The more resilient the pharmacist, the lower the chances of work-related burnout and the higher the likelihood of better job performance. Organizations should pursue opportunities to educate healthcare workers on methods to increase resilience and to bring attention to the importance of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Weiss
- University of South Florida Muma College of Business, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Russell Clayton
- University of South Florida Muma College of Business, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melissa J Ruble
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics & Clinical Research, University of South Florida Taneja College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jaclyn D Cole
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics & Clinical Research, University of South Florida Taneja College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL, USA
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Padilha Silva J, Gonzaga AA, Gonçalves RSDSA, Tavares LF, Maciel ÁCC, Figueiredo-Ribeiro KMOB. Craniocervical Pain, Sleep Quality, Depressive Symptoms, and Physical Activity in Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic. Pain Manag Nurs 2024; 25:e230-e235. [PMID: 38429200 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increase in the workload and use of personal protective equipment by healthcare workers was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the connections between craniocervical structures, symptoms such as neck pain and temporomandibular symptoms could be influenced by the use of PPE. AIMS To assess the prevalence of craniocervical pain, sleep quality, physical activity, and depressive symptoms and relationship among craniocervical symptoms in healthcare workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Healthcare workers. SETTINGS An online questionnaire included a self-report of craniocervical pain intensity [orofacial pain, neck pain, and headache (Numerical Rating Scale)], sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire two items) and physical activity (self-report). METHODS The sample analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, the paired t-test was used to compare symptoms intensity before and during the pandemic. The relationship between dependent and independent samples was assessed through McNemar test, Pearson's chi-squared test, and Student's independent t-test. A value of p < .05 was adopted as statistical significance. RESULTS Overall, 147 participants replied the questionnaires. Headache, neck pain, and orofacial pain complaints increased during the pandemic in healthcare workers (p < 0.001). Craniocervical pain was correlated with poor sleep quality, probable depression, and physical activity during the pandemic (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Healthcare workers self-reported more craniocervical pain during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic. In addition, poor sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and physical inactivity were associated with craniocervical symptoms during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Padilha Silva
- From the Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Anita Almeida Gonzaga
- From the Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Felipe Tavares
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil
| | - Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti Maciel
- From the Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil; Postgraduate program in Physical Therapy (PPGFST), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Karyna Myrelly Oliveira Bezerra Figueiredo-Ribeiro
- From the Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil; Postgraduate program in Physical Therapy (PPGFST), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.
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Ngo VK, Vu TT, Punter MA, Levine D, Borrell LN, Mateu-Gelabert P. Mental Health Service Use, Barriers, and Service Preferences During COVID-19 among Low-Income Housing and Market-Rate Housing Residents of Harlem in New York City. J Community Health 2024; 49:439-447. [PMID: 38066218 PMCID: PMC10981563 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the differences in mental health service use, barriers, and service preferences among 393 low-income housing (LIH) and market-rate housing (MRH) Harlem residents in New York City. One-third (34.6%) endorsed the need for professional support for psychological issues, 27.2% and 15.8% reported using counseling services and psychotropic medication, with no differences between housing types. LIH residents (21.6-38.8%) reported significantly higher use of all types of mental health resources (e.g., websites, anonymous hotlines, self-help tools) compared with MRH residents (16.1-26.4%). Eighty-six percent reported barriers to mental health access, with LIH residents reporting more than double the barriers. Particularly, LIH residents reported greater difficulty getting time off work (34.1% vs. 14%), lack of health insurance (18.7% vs. 9.8%), lack of trust in mental health providers (14.6% vs. 4.7%), and stigma (12.2% vs. 5.1%) compared with MRH residents. Residents most preferred places of services were health clinics and houses of worship; provided by healthcare and mental health providers; and services delivered in-person and phone-based counseling. In contrast, residents least preferred getting support at mental health clinics; from family/friends; and by the Internet. No differences were found between service preferences by housing type. LIH residents reported higher use of mental health services and resources, but they face significantly more barriers to mental health care, suggesting a need to address specific barriers. Preferences for mental health services suggest a need for expanding mental health services to different settings given the low preference for services to be delivered at mental health clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Ngo
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thinh T Vu
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Malcolm A Punter
- Harlem Congregations for Community Improvement, Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Levine
- Harlem Health Initiative, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luisa N Borrell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro Mateu-Gelabert
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Cubelo F, Parviainen A, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K, Palaganas E. Foreign-born nurses as COVID-19 survivors in the Nordic region: A descriptive phenomenological study. Scand J Caring Sci 2024; 38:438-450. [PMID: 38404224 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2020, amid limited COVID-19 vaccination access, many nurses from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups in the United States of America and United Kingdom succumbed to the virus. No fatalities among Filipino foreign-born nurses (FBNs) in the BAME groups were recorded in the Nordic region. This study explored the experiences of Filipino FBNs in the Nordic region who, during the initial 2020 pandemic wave, cared for COVID-19 patients, contracted the virus and subsequently recovered. METHODS The research employed a descriptive phenomenological methodology to explore the experiences of six Filipino FBNs who had recovered from COVID-19 in various regions of the Nordic countries, including Finland (n = 1), Sweden (n = 1), Denmark (n = 2), Norway (n = 1) and Iceland (n = 1). Data collection occurred through online videoconferencing between September 2020 and February 2021, utilising a semi-structured approach. The data analysis was conducted following Sundler and colleagues' qualitative thematic analysis, which is grounded in descriptive phenomenology. RESULTS The data analysis yielded three primary themes and twelve sub-themes, which explored the experiences of Filipino FBNs with COVID-19 infection. The study demonstrated that unclear national guidelines impacted nurses' preparedness in caring for COVID-19 patients, contributing to their susceptibility to contracting the virus. The lack of occupational healthcare services for nurses during and after the pandemic affected their work morale in an unfamiliar setting. CONCLUSION The study provided valuable insights into the experiences of Filipino FBNs during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasising the need for clearer guidelines, enhanced training and improved support for healthcare workers. It highlighted the psychological impact of COVID-19, emphasising the importance of mental health support and stigma reduction efforts. The study also emphasised the significance of improving occupational health services to support the well-being and recovery of healthcare workers during and after the pandemic, with implications for developing comprehensive strategies to protect frontline healthcare workers in health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floro Cubelo
- School of Wellbeing and Culture, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- International and Management Affairs, the Filipino Nurses Association in the Nordic Region, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anndra Parviainen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katri Vehviläinen-Julkunen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erlinda Palaganas
- University of the Philippines, College of Nursing, Manila, Philippines
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Norful AA, Albloushi M, Zhao J, Gao Y, Castro J, Palaganas E, Magsingit NS, Molo J, Alenazy BA, Rivera R. Modifiable work stress factors and psychological health risk among nurses working within 13 countries. J Nurs Scholarsh 2024. [PMID: 38816945 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurses are identified as having higher work stress and poor mental health risk among health care workforce globally. It remains unclear which modifiable stress factors pose the greatest risk for poor psychological health among nursing workforce and needed to inform targeted practice and policy change. To determine which occupation-related or personal stress factors precipitate higher risk for burnout, depression, anxiety, job satisfaction or intention to leave one's position among nurses globally. DESIGN A cross-sectional anonymous survey was administered via email using a snowball recruitment strategy. METHODS Academic researchers and clinical industry leaders across 3 global regions collaborated to generate an email listserv of professional nursing contacts for survey distribution. The survey included valid and reliable measures to scale stress factors (Work Stress Questionnaire), and screen for burnout (single item), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2), resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) and intention to leave one's job (single item). We used logistic regression, first unadjusted and then adjusted for personal and professional characteristics, to determine associations between stress factors and psychological health risk. RESULTS The final sample consisted of responses from 2864 nurses working across 13 countries. Most respondents reported working as a clinical nurse in the Philippines (n = 2275), United States (n = 424) and Saudi Arabia (n = 104). One third of nursing respondents endorsed high burnout and intention to leave their job. Those reporting work conflict had significantly higher odds of burnout (odds ratio 3.18; 95% CI 2.22-4.54) and three times more likely to screen positive for depression (odds ratio 3.02; 95% CI 1.36-6.72) and anxiety (odds ratio 2.92; 95% CI 1.57-5.43). Those endorsing difficulty sleeping were 15 times more likely to screen positive for depression (odds ratio 15.63; 95% CI 2.09-117.06). Lack of social support was significantly associated to higher risk for burnout, job dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, and intention to leave one's position. CONCLUSIONS Nurses remain at risk for burnout and poor psychological health stemming from work stress. Factors such as clear workplace goals and assignments, increased engagement, good sleep health and social support may serve as protective factors against suboptimal psychological health, and in-turn poor workforce retention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nurses reporting conflict in the workplace are three times more likely to screen positive for burnout, depression, and anxiety. Nurses reporting difficulty sleeping are 15 times more likely to screen positive for depression. Several modifiable factors can be targeted to reduce poor psychological health and high workforce turnover among nurses across countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiawen Zhao
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuandi Gao
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Janelle Castro
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | | | - Jocelyn Molo
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
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McCall RK, Al-Sinawi H, Al-Kharusi N, Al Rawahi S, Al Balushi R, Al-Lawati N, Rizzo M, Al-Rasadi K, Al Maniri A. Retrospective study on the emotional status of healthcare workers in a COVID-19 field hospital in Oman. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1339703. [PMID: 38835615 PMCID: PMC11149611 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Overview To combat the overwhelming demand for medical services and care during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Sultanate of Oman launched the COVID-19 Field Hospital in 2020, designed to respond and alleviate the burden on the medical infrastructure. Several studies globally and from the Middle East suggested that frontline healthcare workers (HCW) were at risk of developing markers of psychological distress. It was further understood through research findings that HCW were resilient during times of crisis. However, there is a dearth in studies evaluating the emotional status of frontline HCW posted in the COVID-19 field hospitals in Gulf Countries, including Oman. This study attempts to shed light on the emotional status of HCW that were on the frontlines in the field hospital in the Sultanate of Oman. Aim This study aims to quantify and evaluate the emotional status of HCW in the frontline field hospital by screening for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Method The data was collected by a local private mental healthcare facility as part of digital feedback to design and implement supportive strategies. Data was collected between September 2021 and October 2021 from 121 HCW in the COVID-19 Field hospital in Oman via 'WhatsApp'. Results Chi square and binary logistic regression tests were administered to evaluate the data. The participants comprised of 63.6% females and 79.3% were between 30 and 39 years of age. Majority of the participants (65.2%) described themselves as 'financially unstable' and possess an average of 7.5 years of work experience. Of the participants 73.6% of the HCW were based solely in the field hospital for 6-9 months at the time of the survey. Majority of the participants denied the presence of emotional distress expressed through depression (92.6%), anxiety (92.6%) and poor quality of sleep (59.5%). Conclusion The findings of the present study reflect the HCW ability to cope during challenging situations likely owing to a variety of environmental, social and personal protective factors. The findings of this study can translate into further research on identifying and addressing stressors and targeting the enhancement of protective factors to safeguard the well-being of HCW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Al-Sinawi
- Al Harub Medical Center, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Sulaiman Al Rawahi
- PDO Clinic, Corporate Health & Safety, MSEM, Petroleum Development of Oman, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Medical Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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12
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Yu Q, Huang C, Tian Y, Yang J, Li X, Ning M, Chen Z, Du J, He J, Li Y. Factors associated with clinical nurse's mental health: a qualitative study applying the social ecological model. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:330. [PMID: 38755588 PMCID: PMC11097552 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of burnout, depression, and anxiety among Chinese nurses was 34%, 55.5%, and 41.8% respectively. Mental health problems have significant impacts on their personal well-being, work performance, patient care quality, and the overall healthcare system. Mental health is influenced by factors at multiple levels and their interactions. METHODS This was a descriptive qualitative study using phenomenological approach. We recruited a total of 48 nurses from a tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. Data were collected through focus group interviews. Audio-recorded data were transcribed and inductively analysed. RESULTS Four major themes with 13 subthemes were identified according to the social ecological model: (1) individual-level factors, including personality traits, sleep quality, workplace adaptability, and years of work experience; (2) interpersonal-level factors, encompassing interpersonal support and role conflict; (3) organization-level factors, such as organizational climate, organizational support, career plateau, and job control; and (4) social-level factors, which included compensation packages, social status, and legislative provision and policy. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted factors influencing nurses' mental health. Recognizing the interconnectedness of individual, interpersonal, organizational, and social elements is essential for developing targeted interventions and comprehensive strategies to promote and safeguard the mental well-being of nurses in clinical settings. TRIAL AND PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The larger study was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300072142 (05/06/2023) https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192676 . REPORTING METHOD This study is reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yu
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongmei Huang
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuting Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Ning
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zengyu Chen
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Du
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaqing He
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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13
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Shoji K, Noguchi N, Waki F, Saito T, Kitano M, Edo N, Koga M, Toda H, Kobayashi N, Sawamura T, Nagamine M. Empathy and Coping Strategies Predict Quality of Life in Japanese Healthcare Professionals. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:400. [PMID: 38785891 PMCID: PMC11117590 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS), also referred to as compassion fatigue, are undeniable negative consequences experienced by healthcare professionals when working with patients. As frontline healthcare professionals are essential to communities, it is crucial to understand their mental health and how they cope with negative psychological responses. This study investigated the relationships between burnout, STS, compassion satisfaction, dispositional empathy, and stress management among Japanese healthcare professionals and students taking care of patients in clinical practice. The participants were 506 Japanese healthcare professionals and students (doctors, nurses, medical students, and nursing students) affiliated with Japanese Ministry of Defense Hospitals. The data were collected from March 2020 to May 2021. We assessed burnout, STS, and compassion satisfaction using the Professional Quality of Life Scale, dispositional empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and coping with stress using the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE). Exploratory factor analysis of the Brief-COPE yielded three factors: active coping; support-seeking; and indirect coping. Personal distress, a self-oriented emotional empathy index, was related to higher burnout and STS scores and lower compassion satisfaction. Empathic concern, an other-oriented emotional empathy index, was associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction. Active coping strategies were associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction, whereas indirect coping strategies were associated with higher burnout and STS scores. In a comparison of empathy in professional categories, nurses presented higher personal distress than nursing students, and medical doctors showed lower fantasy tendencies than medical students. These results imply the complex relationships between empathy, coping strategies, and psychological responses among healthcare professionals. Further longitudinal study is needed to explore these complex relationships and to develop more precise and effective psycho-educational interventions to prevent burnout and STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Shoji
- College of Nursing, University of Human Environments, 3-220 Ebata, Obu 474-0035, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Norihito Noguchi
- Department of Nursing, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumiko Waki
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Taku Saito
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masato Kitano
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Edo
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Minori Koga
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Toda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Takehito Sawamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Masanori Nagamine
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
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14
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Muthumuni N, Sommer JL, El-Gabalawy R, Reynolds KA, Mota NP. Evaluating the mental health status, help-seeking behaviors, and coping strategies of Canadian essential workers versus non-essential workers during COVID-19: a longitudinal study. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:334-347. [PMID: 37494424 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2235294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined mental health symptoms, help-seeking, and coping differences between Canadian essential workers (EWs) versus non-EWs, as well as common COVID-related concerns and longitudinal predictors of mental health symptoms among EWs only. DESIGN An online, longitudinal survey (N = 1260; response rate (RR) = 78.5%) assessing mental health and psychosocial domains amongst Canadian adults was administered during the first wave of COVID-19 with a six-month follow-up (N = 821; RR = 53.7%). METHODS Cross tabulations and chi-square analyses examined sociodemographic, mental health, and coping differences between EWs and non-EWs. Frequencies evaluated common COVID-related concerns. Linear regression analyses examined associations between baseline measures with mental health symptoms six months later amongst EWs. RESULTS EWs reported fewer mental health symptoms and avoidance coping than non-EWs, and were most concerned with transmitting COVID-19. Both groups reported similar patterns of help-seeking. Longitudinal correlates of anxiety and perceived stress symptoms among EWs included age, marital status, household income, accessing a psychologist, avoidant coping, and higher COVID-19-related distress. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has had a substantial impact on the mental health of Canadian EWs. This research identifies which EWs are at greater risk of developing mental disorders, and may further guide the development of pandemic-related interventions for these workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisali Muthumuni
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jordana L Sommer
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Renée El-Gabalawy
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Kristin A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Natalie P Mota
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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15
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Sullivan EE, Etz RS, Gonzalez MM, Deubel J, Reves SR, Stange KC, Hughes LS, Linzer M. You Cannot Function in "Overwhelm": Helping Primary Care Navigate the Slow End of the Pandemic. J Healthc Manag 2024; 69:190-204. [PMID: 38728545 DOI: 10.1097/jhm-d-23-00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
GOAL This study was developed to explicate underlying organizational factors contributing to the deterioration of primary care clinicians' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Using data from the Larry A. Green Center for the Advancement of Primary Health Care for the Public Good's national survey of primary care clinicians from March 2020 to March 2022, a multidisciplinary team analyzed more than 11,150 open-ended comments. Phase 1 of the analysis happened in real-time as surveys were returned, using deductive and inductive coding. Phase 2 used grounded theory to identify emergent themes. Qualitative findings were triangulated with the survey's quantitative data. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The clinicians shifted from feelings of anxiety and uncertainty at the start of the pandemic to isolation, lack of fulfillment, moral injury, and plans to leave the profession. The frequency with which they spoke of depression, burnout, and moral injury was striking. The contributors to this distress included crushing workloads, worsening staff shortages, and insufficient reimbursement. Consequences, both felt and anticipated, included fatigue and demoralization from the inability to manage escalating workloads. Survey findings identified responses that could alleviate the mental health crisis, namely: (1) measuring and customizing workloads based on work capacity; (2) quantifying resources needed to return to sufficient staffing levels; (3) promoting state and federal support for sustainable practice infrastructures with less administrative burden; and (4) creating patient visits of different lengths to rebuild relationships and trust and facilitate more accurate diagnoses. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Attention to clinicians' mental health should be rapidly directed to on-demand, confidential mental health support so they can receive the care they need and not worry about any stigma or loss of license for accepting that help. Interventions that address work-life balance, workload, and resources can improve care, support retention of the critically important primary care workforce, and attract more trainees to primary care careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Sullivan
- Sawyer School of Business at Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts, and the Center for Primary Care, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Martha M Gonzalez
- Larry A. Green Center for the Advancement of Primary Health Care for the Public Good and the Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - Sarah R Reves
- Larry A. Green Center for the Advancement of Primary Health Care for the Public Good and the Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Kurt C Stange
- Larry A. Green Center for the Advancement of Primary Health Care for the Public Good and the Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lauren S Hughes
- Eugene S. Farley, Jr. Health Policy Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark Linzer
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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16
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Sanz S, Valiente C, Espinosa R, Trucharte A. Psychological Group Interventions for Reducing Distress Symptoms in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review. Clin Psychol Psychother 2024; 31:e2980. [PMID: 38706143 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare workers exposed to emergencies and chronic stressors are at high risk of developing mental health problems. This review synthesized existing studies of group psychological therapy to reduce distress symptoms in healthcare workers (i.e., as complex and heterogeneous emotional states, characterized by the presence of symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, burnout, anxiety, depression and moral injury). Searches were conducted using PRISMA guidelines and databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline and Web of Science, along with manual searches of reference lists of relevant articles. The search returned a total of 1071 randomized trials, of which 23 met the inclusion criteria. Of the total studies, nine were mindfulness interventions, seven were cognitive behavioural programmes, one was a programme based on acceptance and commitment therapy, one was an EMDR protocol and two focused on systemic and art therapy. Most studies aimed to reduce burnout, anxiety and depression; only three focused on post-traumatic stress disorder, and no studies were found that addressed moral injury. The results suggested that group interventions could be an effective tool to improve the mental health of healthcare workers and reduce their symptoms of distress, although many of the studies have methodological deficiencies. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sanz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Valiente
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Regina Espinosa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty HM Hospitals of Health Sciences, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain
- HM Hospitales Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Trucharte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty HM Hospitals of Health Sciences, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain
- HM Hospitales Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Harsono D, Deng Y, Chung S, Barakat LA, Friedland G, Villanueva M, Yager JE, Justen M, Edelman EJ. Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Inactivity Among Individuals with HIV During the First COVID-19 Wave: A Cross-sectional Survey. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1531-1545. [PMID: 37824037 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is associated with improved health outcomes among people with HIV (PWH). In the recent pandemic context, policies designed to mitigate COVID-19 transmission may result in an increase in sedentary lifestyle and decreased physical activity. In this study, we aimed to characterize self-reported physical activity and factors associated with physical inactivity during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of PWH engaged in care. We also described whether psychological coping strategies measured by the Brief COPE differed based on physical activity levels. Among 260 surveyed PWH in two HIV clinics in the US Northeast, 28.5% (n = 74) met the criteria for being physically active according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s physical activity guidelines. Receiving care in New Haven, CT, presence of a detectable HIV viral load, every day tobacco use, and unhealthy alcohol use were associated with physical inactivity. Problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidance-focused coping strategies were found to be protective against physical inactivity. In adjusted analysis, only problem-focused coping continued to be significantly associated with lower odds of reporting physical inactivity. Efforts are urgently needed to promote physical activity among PWH, including among those without problem-focused coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dini Harsono
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College St, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sangyun Chung
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lydia A Barakat
- AIDS Care Program, Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald Friedland
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College St, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- AIDS Care Program, Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Merceditas Villanueva
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College St, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- AIDS Care Program, Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica E Yager
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College St, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College St, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Nazari S, Zamani A, Farokhnezhad Afshar P. The relationship between received and perceived social support with ways of coping in nurses. Work 2024:WOR230337. [PMID: 38669503 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is inevitable in the nursing profession, and ways of coping are one of the solutions to reduce stress. Social support is one of the influencing factors on coping strategies, but there is probably a difference between the effects of received or perceived social support on coping strategies. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the relationship between received and perceived social support with ways of coping in nurses. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study. The sample consisted of 292 nurses by simple random sampling. The data collection tool included Zimmet's multidimensional perceived social support scale, McCain and Marklin's perceived social support questionnaire, and Lazarus' ways of coping questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests in SPSS v.22. RESULTS The results showed that received social support (β= 0.20, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (β= 0.35, p < 0.001) are able to explain changes in the dimension of seeking social support. Received social support (β= 0.16, p = 0.005) and perceived social support (β= 0.22, p < 0.001) are able to explain changes after positive reappraisal, but only received social support could explain changes in accepting responsibility (β= 0.15, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION This study showed that received and perceived social support have a significant correlation with ways of coping, but only able to explain the changes in social support seeking dimensions, positive reappraisal, accepting responsibility. Both types of social support are necessary, but that received social support covered more adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nazari
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Zamani
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar
- Department of Gerontology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zapata J, Zavala-Idar A, Recto P, Lesser J. The mental health consequences of COVID-19 on a sample of health professions students: a mixed methods study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38603780 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2338425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To assess and examine how the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the mental health of a sample of health professions students (HPS) using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Participants: Participants included 41 HPS enrolled in a co-curricular interprofessional education (IPE) program. Measurements: Measures included the CES-D scale, PSS scale, and the GAD scale. Qualitative description was used to explore the experiences of these HPS. Results: The HPS explained that fear of acquiring COVID-19, transmitting the virus to loved ones, and dying as a result of the disease negatively influenced their mental health. The HPS revealed that there were some beneficial outcomes resulting from the pandemic, including the strengthening of family bonds and the cultivation of resiliency. Conclusions: The pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of these HPS. It is essential that these students receive support for their mental health in order to provide optimal care to the population they serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Zapata
- South Texas AHEC, The University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Annette Zavala-Idar
- South Texas AHEC, The University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela Recto
- South Texas AHEC, The University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Janna Lesser
- South Texas AHEC, The University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Wilhelm S, Bernstein EE, Bentley KH, Snorrason I, Hoeppner SS, Klare D, Greenberg JL, Weingarden H, McCoy TH, Harrison O. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Smartphone App-Led Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Under Therapist Supervision: Open Trial. JMIR Ment Health 2024; 11:e53998. [PMID: 38592771 DOI: 10.2196/53998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder affects approximately 1 in 5 adults during their lifetime and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Yet, a minority receive adequate treatment due to person-level (eg, geographical distance to providers) and systems-level (eg, shortage of trained providers) barriers. Digital tools could improve this treatment gap by reducing the time and frequency of therapy sessions needed for effective treatment through the provision of flexible, automated support. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical effect of Mindset for Depression, a deployment-ready 8-week smartphone-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) supported by brief teletherapy appointments with a therapist. METHODS This 8-week, single-arm open trial tested the Mindset for Depression app when combined with 8 brief (16-25 minutes) video conferencing visits with a licensed doctoral-level CBT therapist (n=28 participants). The app offers flexible, accessible psychoeducation, CBT skills practice, and support to patients as well as clinician guidance to promote sustained engagement, monitor safety, and tailor treatment to individual patient needs. To increase accessibility and thus generalizability, all study procedures were conducted remotely. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed via attrition, patient expectations and feedback, and treatment utilization. The primary clinical outcome measure was the clinician-rated Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, administered at pretreatment, midpoint, and posttreatment. Secondary measures of functional impairment and quality of life as well as maintenance of gains (3-month follow-up) were also collected. RESULTS Treatment credibility (week 4), expectancy (week 4), and satisfaction (week 8) were moderate to high, and attrition was low (n=2, 7%). Participants self-reported using the app or practicing (either on or off the app) the CBT skills taught in the app for a median of 50 (IQR 30-60; week 4) or 60 (IQR 30-90; week 8) minutes per week; participants accessed the app on an average 36.8 (SD 10.0) days and completed a median of 7 of 8 (IQR 6-8) steps by the week 8 assessment. The app was rated positively across domains of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information. Participants' depression severity scores decreased from an average Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score indicating moderate depression (mean 19.1, SD 5.0) at baseline to a week 8 mean score indicating mild depression (mean 10.8, SD 6.1; d=1.47; P<.001). Improvement was also observed for functional impairment and quality of life. Gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results show that Mindset for Depression is a feasible and acceptable treatment option for individuals with major depressive disorder. This smartphone-led treatment holds promise to be an efficacious, scalable, and cost-effective treatment option. The next steps include testing Mindset for Depression in a fully powered randomized controlled trial and real-world clinical settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05386329; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05386329?term=NCT05386329.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Wilhelm
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily E Bernstein
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kate H Bentley
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ivar Snorrason
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Susanne S Hoeppner
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dalton Klare
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer L Greenberg
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hilary Weingarden
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas H McCoy
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Santos DMBD, Corrêa DA, de Aquino TAA. Meaning in life during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: Impact of quality of life and sociodemographic factors. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241241479. [PMID: 38581307 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241241479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on meaning in life typically emphasizes the psychological aspects of quality of life, neglecting broader dimensions. Additionally, its relevance to the COVID-19 context remains limited. This study investigated the relationship of meaning in life with quality of life and sociodemographic factors related to COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. A total of 4133 Brazilian adults completed Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), WHOQOL-BREF, WHOQOL-SRPB BREF, and sociodemographic information. Our results indicated a positive correlation between the presence of meaning and quality of life dimensions, with psychological health exhibiting the strongest relationship. We found a lower presence of meaning among individuals experiencing heightened social isolation, while vaccinated individuals exhibited a greater presence of meaning. Additionally, non-working participants reported lower presence and higher search for meaning than employed individuals, with frontline workers showing the highest search for meaning. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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22
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Yan Q, Hou X, Zhang T, Yin H, Han B, Ma C, Wang Y, Chen H, Wen J, Huang Y, Jiang R, Liu Z, Xu G. Prevalence and correlates of mental health problems among different occupations of medical workers during COVID-19 outbreak in China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1353608. [PMID: 38638468 PMCID: PMC11024349 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1353608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Health workers involved in the fight to prevent the COVID-19 outbreak were exposed to hazards. Detailed information on mental health problems in different medical occupations is crucial. To examined the prevalence of mental health issues in three medical occupations as well as the relationships between mental health problems and correlates in each occupation. Methods This study utilizing the Questionnaire Star program was conducted among medical workers working at medical institutions in China from February 17 to 24, 2020. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess mental health problems. Results The prevalence of any mental health problems in the three occupations was 43.6, 34.6, and 32.9% for nurses, paramedical workers (PMWs), and doctors, respectively. Three occupations shared some correlates, such as being overworked, not having enough time to rest, support from colleagues, and previous mental health status. There were specific factors for each occupation. For doctors, age, educational level, living status, support from family, and previous physical status were related factors in mental health problems. Working in a designated hospital for treating COVID-19, having COVID-19 event exposures, and receiving support from family were associated with the mental health problems of the nurses. PMWs' mental health problems was linked to educational level and care from supervisors or heads of department. Conclusion Different medical occupations have distinct impacts on mental health issues. Policy makers and mental health professionals working to prepare for potential disease outbreaks should be aware of multiple factors in different occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Yan
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofei Hou
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Yin
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bing Han
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongguang Chen
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongmeng Jiang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorui Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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23
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Martín J, Padierna Á, Villanueva A, Quintana JM. Caring for patients in the Covid era: Are the quality of life the same for doctors and nursing staff? Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 49:126-132. [PMID: 38734448 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic has represented one of the most stressful events of recent times and has placed enormous psychological pressure on doctors and nurses. AIMS The objective of this work is to evaluate the psychological impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on Spanish nurses and doctors, and to identify factors related to their mental health. METHODS The study is a descriptive study and examined 812 doctors and 768 nurses. The dependent variables were health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, perceived stress and insomnia. Participants completed the Health-related Quality of Life-Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item-Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Impact Event Scale-Revised, and the Insomnia Severity Index. Sociodemographic and Covid-related data were also recorded. Descriptive statistics, univariable analysis and multivariable linear regression models were used. RESULTS A greater proportion of nurses than doctors suffered clinical anxiety, depression and insomnia (56.84 % vs 45.81 p-value<0.0001, 64.67 % vs 53.39 p-value<0.0001, and 23.04 % vs 18.02 p-value 0.01, respectively). Although in our study nurses were more likely to suffer clinical anxiety, stress and insomnia than doctors, our results nevertheless showed that there were no differences in terms of quality of life. Different factors related to mental health were identified for doctors and nurses. Nurses working in care homes or geriatric services (OR = 4.13, IC95% 1.71-9.99, p-value 0.002), and in services with greatest contact with Covid-19 patients (OR = 1.71,IC95% 1.10-2.68, p-value 0.02) were more likely to suffer depression. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that doctors and nurses are at high risk of clinical anxiety, depression, stress or insomnia during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Martín
- Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Ángel Padierna
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ane Villanueva
- Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José M Quintana
- Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
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24
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Bifano SM, Szeglin CJ, Garbers S, Gold MA. Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) Tapping for Pediatric Emergency Department Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of a Pilot Intervention. Med Acupunct 2024; 36:70-78. [PMID: 38665925 PMCID: PMC11040184 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2023.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Emergency-department (ED) staff may experience psychologic distress due to the stressful nature of their work. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this distress. Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) tapping, a somatic psychophysiologic intervention combining vibratory acupressure with elements of cognitive-behavioral and exposure therapies, can reduce psychologic distress. This study tested the short-term effect of 10-minute EFT tapping on the psychologic distress of pediatric ED staff responding to COVID-19. Materials and Methods During the COVID-19 pandemic, diverse staff in the pediatric ED of a New York City teaching hospital participated in this single-group study. A licensed creative arts therapist led participants in 10-minute EFT tapping sessions. A self-report questionnaire with 7 items based on the Trauma Exposure Response framework was administered immediately pre- and postintervention. Standardized mean differences between both timepoints were calculated. Results There were statistically significant reductions for 6 of the 7 items studied, including stress (3.32-2.14), obsessive and intrusive thoughts (2.50-1.85), feelings of pressure (3.20-2.17), loneliness (1.84-1.44), and emotional and physical pain (2.28-1.70); all P < 0.001. No significant changes in professional satisfaction were reported following the intervention. Conclusions Despite the limitations of a single-arm study design, a 10-minute brief EFT tapping session was a promising way to reduce short-term psychologic distress in pediatric ED health care workers. Future studies, including rigorous randomized controlled trials, are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of brief EFT tapping interventions in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M. Bifano
- Creative Arts Therapy, New York–Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Samantha Garbers
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melanie A. Gold
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatric, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Lally RM, Schmidt R, Kupzyk K, Wengel SP, Cordts KP, Mills AC, Richards SE. Implementing Longitudinal Wellbeing Interventions and Evaluation Among Midwestern Healthcare Workers During COVID-19. West J Nurs Res 2024; 46:296-306. [PMID: 38465618 DOI: 10.1177/01939459241237663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers throughout the world has been reported, but most studies have been cross-sectional and excluded the Midwestern U.S. healthcare workforce. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to longitudinally assess the psychological wellbeing and wellness strategies used by a Midwestern academic health system's workforce at multiple points throughout waves of the COVID-19 pandemic to inform ongoing implementation of appropriate wellness activities. METHODS An anonymous REDCap survey linked within our team-developed wellness education was posted in the employee online newsletter in April (T1), July (T2), October 2020 (T3), and May 2021 (T4). Surveys were open to all employees (approx. 9000) for approximately 12 days at each time point. Anxiety, depressive symptoms, stress, self-efficacy, and self-care activities were assessed. Following each data collection, team members discussed findings and planned wellness education implementation. RESULTS Response ranged from n = 731 (T1) to n = 172 (T4). Moderate to severe stress was reported by 29.5% (n = 203) of respondents at T1 and 34.0% (n = 108) at T2. At T3, all psychological symptoms significantly increased (p < .001) as COVID-19 surged, with 48.5% (n = 141) of respondents reporting moderate to severe stress. At T4, stress significantly declined (p < .001). Exercise was the most frequently reported coping strategy. CONCLUSIONS Mental health symptoms reported by a Midwestern healthcare workforce increased during surges of COVID-19 hospitalizations. Individuals in non-patient contact roles experienced symptom levels similar to and at times with greater severity than healthcare personnel with patient contact roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Lally
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rachael Schmidt
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin Kupzyk
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Steven P Wengel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Adam C Mills
- Department of Psychology, Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sarah E Richards
- Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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26
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Feigin R, Drory M, Dori N, Krulik T, Kedar R. Wellness in Chronic Care (WCC) families, illness & disability: an integrative clinical intervention model. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2024; 63:272-284. [PMID: 38479401 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2024.2321530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the Wellness in Chronic Care (WCC) model, an innovative integrative clinical intervention method aimed at helping social workers manage the care of patients living with chronic illnesses and their families. The goal is to propose appropriate clinical responses to the changing reality of the health system. This new reality poses new challenges that require caregivers (social work practitioners and family members) to develop suitable skills and expertise. The intervention method we developed offers a new paradigm that entails partnership and the need to assume responsibility in decision-making while coping with the illness over time. The intervention provides practical tools and methods for coping and managing the illness. These factors have contributed to building a specifically tailored intervention program for patient and family care to achieve an effective and meaningful wellbeing. An assessment of the training program of the intervention model and its implementation is presented. The model was found to be essential yet some found it difficult to make the needed changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena Feigin
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Margalit Drory
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Social Work Department, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nechama Dori
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Social Work Department, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Krulik
- Department of Nursing, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ricky Kedar
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Social Work Department, Tel Aviv, Israel
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27
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Cárdaba-García RM, Soto-Cámara R, García-Santa-Basilia N, Matellán-Hernández MP, Onrubia-Baticón H, Martínez-Caballero CM, Thuissard-Vasallo IJ, Navalpotro-Pascual S. Impact of the COVID-19-pandemic and perception of self-efficacy on the mental health of out-of-hospital emergency healthcare professionals by modality of care. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38444126 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the perception of self-efficacy on the health professionals of the Spanish out-of-hospital emergency services. DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive with a survey methodology of 1710 participants from Spain (1 February-30 April, 2021). METHODS The mental health of healthcare workers was assesed in terms of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as their self-efficacy. Linear and logistic regression models were fitted to predict these variables. A moderation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of self-efficacy on mental health. RESULTS The means of the sample for stress, anxiety, depression and self-efficacy were 20.60, 15.74, 13.07 and 70.87, respectively. In the regression models, being a woman was the most significant factor for severe mental health impairment. Female gender was also a relevant factor for self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had a direct effect on the mental health for working in patient care. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare workers showed moderate stress, severe anxiety, mild depression and good self-efficacy. Direct patient care was associated with more stress and severe anxiety. Age, female gender, job changes and job adjustment were associated with levels of stress, anxiety and depression. Self-efficacy is a determining factor of mental health in the direct care modality. IMPLICATIONS The mental health of healthcare workers has been of great importance in the aftermath of the pandemic, but out-of-hospital emergency workers have been neglected in research. The levels of stress, anxiety and depression during the pandemic justify the creation of prevention and early diagnosis programmes, as they are essential in a health disaster. Surprisingly, their high level of perceived self-efficacy directly impact on the mental health of patient helthcare workers, so improving it will reduce the psychological risk. REPORTING METHOD We have followed the STROBE guidelines. It has been partially funded by the Asistencia Sanitanitaria Interprovincial de Seguros - ASISA Foundation (Spain). PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: 'No patient or public involvement'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa María Cárdaba-García
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Soto-Cámara
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Noemi García-Santa-Basilia
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Paz Matellán-Hernández
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Henar Onrubia-Baticón
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carmen María Martínez-Caballero
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Susana Navalpotro-Pascual
- Red de Investigación de Emergencias Prehospitalarias (RINVEMER), Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Medical Service of Madrid-SUMMA 112, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Chatham AA, Petruzzi LJ, Patel S, Brode WM, Cook R, Garza B, Garay R, Mercer T, Valdez CR. Structural Factors Contributing to Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress Among Hospital-Based Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:362-373. [PMID: 38011747 PMCID: PMC10905984 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231213825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
High levels of burnout among healthcare providers (HCPs) have been a widely documented phenomenon, which have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, qualitative studies that are inclusive of HCPs in diverse professional roles have been limited. Therefore, we utilized a qualitative-quantitative design to examine professional quality of life in terms of compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress among hospital-based HCPs, including social workers, hospitalists, residents, and palliative care team members during COVID-19. HCPs (n = 26) participated in virtual semi-structured focus groups or individual interviews and online surveys (n = 30) including the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) Scale. While ProQOL scores indicated low levels of compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress, thematic analysis of our qualitative data included rich descriptions of compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. Safety concerns and value misalignment characterized structural stressors perceived to contribute to HCP compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. The discrepancy between our qualitative and quantitative findings may be indication that modifications to current screenings are warranted. These findings also suggest a need to identify and implement structural and policy changes that increase HCPs' physical and emotional safety and promote better alignment of institutional interests with HCP values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana A. Chatham
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Liana J. Petruzzi
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Snehal Patel
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Internal Medicine Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - W. Michael Brode
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Internal Medicine Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Cook
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Internal Medicine Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Brenda Garza
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ricardo Garay
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Tim Mercer
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Internal Medicine Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Carmen R. Valdez
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Population Health Department, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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29
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You W, Donnelly F. Nursing workforce plays a significant role in reducing COVID-19 deaths worldwide: A cross-sectional analysis of data from 178 countries. Nurs Health Sci 2024; 26:e13099. [PMID: 38383962 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide, the role of nursing workforce in reducing COVID-19 case fatality ratio (CFR) is analyzed with scatter plots, Pearson's r and nonparametric, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models. The potential confounders, median age, health expenditure, physician density, and urbanization were incorporated for calculating the independent role of nursing workforce in protecting against COVID-19 CFR. The study findings suggested that (1) the nursing workforce inversely and significantly correlates with COVID-19 CFR; (2) this relationship remained independent of the confounding effects of each individual confounder or their combination; (3) Nursing workforce was the only variable identified as a significant contributor for reducing COVID-19 CFR, when it was incorporated into stepwise regression model with health expenditure, median age, physician density, and urbanization for analyzing their individual predicting effects on COVID-19 CFR. A strong message for the health authorities is that, although in shortage, nursing workforce showed their significant role in reducing COVID-19 deaths worldwide. This study highlights that the role of nursing workforce should be incorporated into population health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng You
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Acute and Urgent Care, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Critical Care Unit, Box Hill Hospital, Easter Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Donnelly
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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30
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Solomou I, Nikolaou F, Michaelides MP, Constantinidou F. Long-term psychological impact of the pandemic COVID-19: Identification of high-risk groups and assessment of precautionary measures five months after the first wave of restrictions was lifted. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002847. [PMID: 38394160 PMCID: PMC10889631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Critical facets of our lives have been disrupted by the COVID-19 outbreak for almost three years. During this time, there has been a lot of clinical and research interest in issues related to mental health. However, few have examined the pandemic's long-term psychological effects. The aims of the present study were to assess the long-term psychological impact of the pandemic COVID -19, five months after the first wave restriction measures were lifted, to identify high-risk groups and to address the use of precautionary measures (PM). Information about sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, coping mechanisms, and compliance with precautionary measures (PM) were all gathered in Cyprus through an anonymous online survey. The poll was completed by 1128 people (73% of whom were female). For the purposes of the present study, descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used. 32.3% of participants experienced moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms, where 16.4% and 23% reported moderate-to-severe depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms respectively. Lower levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms as well as greater compliance to PM were linked to higher levels of resilience. Additionally, subgroups of participants, at a higher risk for negative psychological effects were identified, such as women and young adults. Our findings demonstrate the long-lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and provide guidance on how to deal with similar situations. It also raises questions about the concurrent effects on people with the long COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulia Solomou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Flora Nikolaou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Fofi Constantinidou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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31
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Ramlagan S, Sewpaul R, Shean Y, Schmidt T, North A, Reddy SP. Psychological distress among South African healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curationis 2024; 47:e1-e12. [PMID: 38426792 PMCID: PMC10912894 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v47i1.2477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has placed immense pressure on healthcare workers (HCWs). OBJECTIVES This study sought to find the prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress among HCWs in South Africa during the beginning phases of COVID-19 and make relevant recommendations. METHOD The survey was administered online through a data-free platform. Data were benchmarked to the national population of over 500 000 healthcare professionals in South Africa. Multiple logistic regressions were used to determine association between psychological distress and potential explanatory variables. RESULTS A total of 7607 healthcare professionals participated in the study (1760 nurses, 2843 medical practitioners and 3004 other healthcare professionals). Half of the nurses, 41% of medical practitioners and 47% of other healthcare professionals were classified as psychologically distressed. Those who were of older age, provided with well-being support services and having a positive outlook on the healthcare system were significantly less likely to be distressed. Being female medical practitioners and female other healthcare professions, requesting routine counselling, being concerned about not having enough leave and that their life insurance policy did not cover COVID-19 were more likely to be distressed. CONCLUSION Psychological well-being of HCWs in South Africa is at risk. We recommend that psychological distress of HCWs be routinely assessed and that routine counselling, well-being support services, appropriate hazardous leave and insurance be provided to all HCWs.Contribution: This study adds to the literature on the psychological distress faced by HCWs in South Africa during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandir Ramlagan
- Department of Human and Social Capabilities, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria.
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Bellehsen MH, Cook HM, Shaam P, Burns D, D’Amico P, Goldberg A, McManus MB, Sapra M, Thomas L, Wacha-Montes A, Zenzerovich G, Watson P, Westphal RJ, Schwartz RM. Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:171. [PMID: 38397662 PMCID: PMC10887691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has generated and continues to create unprecedented demands on our healthcare systems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) face physical and psychological stresses caring for critically ill patients, including experiencing anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Nurses and nursing staff disproportionately experienced COVID-19-related psychological distress due to their vital role in infection mitigation and direct patient care. Therefore, there is a critical need to understand the short- and long-term impact of COVID-19 stress exposures on nursing staff wellbeing and to assess the impact of wellbeing programs aimed at supporting HCWs. To that end, the current study aims to evaluate an evidence-informed peer support stress reduction model, Stress First Aid (SFA), implemented across units within a psychiatric hospital in the New York City area during the pandemic. To examine the effectiveness of SFA, we measured stress, burnout, coping self-efficacy, resilience, and workplace support through self-report surveys completed by nurses and nursing staff over twelve months. The implementation of SFA across units has the potential to provide the workplace-level and individual-level skills necessary to reduce stress and promote resilience, which can be utilized and applied during waves of respiratory illness acuity or any other healthcare-related stressors among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayer H. Bellehsen
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA; (P.D.); (M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Haley M. Cook
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
| | - Pooja Shaam
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
| | - Daniella Burns
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Peter D’Amico
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA; (P.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Arielle Goldberg
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Mary Beth McManus
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Manish Sapra
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA; (P.D.); (M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Lily Thomas
- Institute for Nursing, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA;
| | - Annmarie Wacha-Montes
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - George Zenzerovich
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Patricia Watson
- National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA;
| | | | - Rebecca M. Schwartz
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; (M.H.B.); (P.S.); (D.B.); (A.G.); (A.W.-M.); (G.Z.); (R.M.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA; (P.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
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Tong M, Hurtado A, Deshpande R, Pietrzak RH, He C, Kaplan C, Kaplan S, Akhtar S, Feder A, Feingold JH, Ripp JA, Peccoralo LA. Psychological Burden of Systemic Racism-Related Distress in New York City Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:450-459. [PMID: 37845586 PMCID: PMC10897117 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship among systemic racism, psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety, and/or post-traumatic stress disorders), and burnout in healthcare workers (HCWs). OBJECTIVE To determine whether distress related to awareness of systemic racism contributes to psychological symptoms and/or burnout in HCWs. We explored whether this form of racism-related distress may moderate the relationship between race, ethnicity, psychological symptoms, and burnout. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 19, 2020, through January 11, 2021. Statistical analysis was conducted from May 3, 2022, to June 15, 2022. PARTICIPANTS Frontline HCWs at an urban tertiary care hospital in New York City. MAIN MEASURES Distress related to awareness of systemic racism (SR) and racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes (RD), psychological symptoms, and burnout. KEY RESULTS Two thousand one of 4654 HCWs completed the survey (response rate 43.0%). Most HCWs reported experiencing distress related to awareness of systemic racism (1329 [66.4%]) and to racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes (1137 [56.8%]). Non-Hispanic Black participants (SR odds ratio (OR) 2.84, p < .001; RD OR 2.34, p < .001), women (SR OR 1.35, p = .01; RD OR 1.67, p < .001), and those with history of mental illness (SR OR 2.13, p < .001; RD OR 1.66, p < .001) were more likely to report SR- and RD-related distress, respectively. HCWs who experienced "quite-a-bit to extreme" SR-related distress were more likely to screen positive for psychological symptoms (OR 5.90, p < .001) and burnout (OR 2.26, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that distress related to awareness of systemic racism, not race/ethnicity, was associated with experiencing psychological symptoms and burnout in HCWs. As the medical community continues to critically examine the role of systemic racism in healthcare, our work is a first step in characterizing its toll on the psychological well-being of HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Tong
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alicia Hurtado
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Richa Deshpande
- Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Celestine He
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carly Kaplan
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sabrina Kaplan
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Saadia Akhtar
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adriana Feder
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordyn H Feingold
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan A Ripp
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren A Peccoralo
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Nkyi AK, Baaba B. Coping, health anxiety, and stress among health professionals during Covid-19, Cape Coast, Ghana. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296720. [PMID: 38285712 PMCID: PMC10824413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate coping strategies, health anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in selected hospitals in the Cape Coast Metropolis during the Covid 19 pandemic. This study adopted the Descriptive survey design. The Multistage sampling technique was used to select 322 health professionals. The health professionals included Medical Officers, Physician Assistants and Nurses. Data were gathered using the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI-SF), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Brief-COPE Inventory. Analyses were conducted using mean and standard deviation, ANOVA as well as Independent Samples t-test. Results indicate that Health professionals adopted diverse coping strategies ranging from positive to negative coping style to overcome the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results also indicate that coping strategies significantly influenced health anxiety levels of health professionals, and that Active Coping is a significant determinant of stress among health professionals. Male health professionals had significantly more health anxiety than females. However, gender was not a significant factor in the experiences of stress. Lastly, age of health professionals does not determine the type of coping strategy they adopted during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K. Nkyi
- Department of Guidance and Counselling, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Bridgette Baaba
- Counselling Center, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Huang J, Huang ZT, Sun XC, Chen TT, Wu XT. Mental health status and related factors influencing healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289454. [PMID: 38241316 PMCID: PMC10798549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of healthcare workers during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was seriously affected, and the risk of mental health problems was high. The present study sought to systematically evaluate the mental health problems of healthcare workers worldwide during the pandemic and to determine the latest global frequency of COVID-19 associated mental health problems. METHODS Data in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Elsevier, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and the Web of Science before November 11, 2022, were systematically searched. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to synthesize the comprehensive prevalence rate of mental health problems. Subgroup analyses were performed based on time of data collection; whether the country was or was not developed; continent; doctors and nurses; doctors/nurses vs. other healthcare workers; and psychological evaluation scale. RESULTS A total of 161 studies were included, including 341,014 healthcare workers worldwide, with women accounting for 82.8%. Occupationally, 16.2% of the healthcare workers were doctors, 63.6% were nurses and 13.3% were other medical staff. During the pandemic, 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-60%) of healthcare workers reported job burnout, 38% (95% CI, 35-41%) experienced anxiety, 34% (95% CI 30-38%) reported depression, 30% (95% CI, 29-31%) had acute stress disorder, and 26% (95% CI, 21-31%) had post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSIONS The study found that there were common mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common was job burnout, followed by anxiety, depression, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the global pandemic has been brought under control, its long-term impact on the mental health of healthcare workers cannot be ignored. Additional research is required to develop measures to prevent, monitor and treat psychological disorders among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhu-Tang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin-Ce Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Nowicki GJ, Schneider-Matyka D, Godlewska I, Tytuła A, Kotus M, Walec M, Grochans E, Ślusarska B. The relationship between the strength of religious faith and spirituality in relation to post-traumatic growth among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in eastern Poland: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1331033. [PMID: 38260777 PMCID: PMC10800582 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1331033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had forced intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to adapt to extreme conditions in a short period of time. This resulted in them experiencing extremely stressful situations. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between post-traumatic growth (PTG) and religiosity and spirituality (R/S) among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in intensive care during the pandemic. Materials and methods 120 nurses working in Lublin, eastern Poland, participated in the cross-sectional study. The questionnaire was made up of three standardised tools: The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire, The Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List. Results In terms of spirituality, the study group of nurses achieved the highest score in the Connectedness with Nature subscale (4.37 ± 1.07), while the strength of religious beliefs had a positive correlation with post-traumatic growth only in the Spiritual changes subscale (r = 0.422, p < 0.001). The following dimensions of spirituality were significantly correlated with post-traumatic growth in the multi-factor model that included religiosity and spirituality: Transcendent experiences, Spiritual activities, Meaningfulness, Acceptance, and Trust. We saw that increase in the assessment of the Transcendent experiences, Meaningfulness and Trust subscales significantly mirrors increase in post-traumatic growth, while increase in the assessment of the Spiritual activities and Acceptance subscales significantly mirrors decrease in post-traumatic growth. The above variables explained up to 44% of the dependent variable. Conclusion Both religiosity and spirituality were significantly associated with post-traumatic growth in the group of ICU nurses, but spirituality appears to have played a larger role. Our findings support the value and significance of the development of spiritual and religious identity as a means of enhancing positive psychological changes in the face of traumatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Józef Nowicki
- Department of Family and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Godlewska
- Second Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tytuła
- Head Chamber of Nurses and Midwives, Warszawa, Poland
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marzena Kotus
- Department of Anaesthesiological and Intensive Care Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Walec
- Department of Family and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Ślusarska
- Department of Family and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Ivcevic Z, Shen S, Lin S, Cheng D, Probasco R, Silbermann B, Zhang F, Lin X, Brackett M. Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1239123. [PMID: 38259529 PMCID: PMC10800618 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic influenced emotional experiences globally. We examined daily positive and negative affect between May/June 2020 and February 2021 (N = 151,049; 3,509,982 observations) using a convenience sample from a national mobile application-based survey that asked for daily affect reports. Four questions were examined: (1) How did people in the United States feel from May/June 2020 to February 2021?; (2) What demographic variables are related to positive and negative affect?; (3) What is the relationship between experienced stressors and daily affect?; and (4) What is the relationship between daily affect and preventive behavior? Positive affect increased, and negative decreased over time. Demographic differences mirrored those from before the pandemic (e.g., younger participants reported more negative and less positive affect). Stressors such as feeling unwell, experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, exposure to COVID-19, and lack of sleep were associated with less positive and more negative affect. Exercising protective behaviors predicted future affect, and affect also predicted future protective behaviors (e.g., less protective behavior when happy but more when grateful and thoughtful). The implications for public health communication were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Ivcevic
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shuting Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shengjie Lin
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - David Cheng
- The How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Probasco
- The How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ben Silbermann
- The How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Feng Zhang
- The How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- The How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Marc Brackett
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United States
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Sagherian K, Cho H, Steege LM. The insomnia, fatigue, and psychological well-being of hospital nurses 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic began: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:273-287. [PMID: 35869416 PMCID: PMC9349539 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown sleep problems, elevated fatigue, and high cases of burnout, as well as signs of post-traumatic stress and psychological distress among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many US hospitals attempted to minimise its impact on staff by providing basic resources, mental health services, and wellness programs. Therefore, it is critical to re-evaluate these well-being indices and guide future administrative efforts. PURPOSE To determine the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic after 18 months on hospital nurses' insomnia, fatigue, burnout, post-traumatic stress, and psychological distress. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Data were collected online mainly through state board and nursing association listservs between July-September 2021 (N = 2488). The survey had psychometrically tested instruments (Insomnia Severity Index, Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Patient Health Questionnaire-4) and sections on demographics, health, and work. The STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist was followed for reporting. RESULTS Nurses had subthreshold insomnia, moderate-to-high chronic fatigue, high acute fatigue, and low-to-moderate intershift recovery. Regarding burnout, they experienced increased emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, and some depersonalisation. Nurses had mild psychological distress but scored high on post-traumatic stress. Nurses who frequently cared for patients with COVID-19 in the past months scored significantly worse in all measures than their co-workers. Factors such as nursing experience, shift length, and frequency of rest breaks were significantly related to all well-being indices. CONCLUSION Nurses' experiences were similar to findings from the early pandemic but with minor improvements in psychological distress. Nurses who frequently provided COVID-19 patient care, worked ≥12 h per shift, and skipped rest breaks scored worse on almost all well-being indices. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Administration can help nurses' recovery by providing psychological support, mental health services, and treatment options for insomnia, as well as re-structure current work schedules and ensure that rest breaks are taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knar Sagherian
- College of NursingThe University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Hyeonmi Cho
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Linsey M. Steege
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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Dewhurst E, Ettman CK, Hare Bork R, Thornburg B, Abdalla SM, Galea S, Castrucci BC. Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Governmental Public Health Workforce and General Population. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2024; 30:E14-E20. [PMID: 37882760 PMCID: PMC10664775 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in the governmental public health workforce and in US adults, assess differences in reporting PTSS within subgroups, and evaluate whether frontline workers reported higher levels of PTSS than persons in other jobs. We used data from 2 nationally representative studies: the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) and the COVID-19 and Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being (CLIMB) study. Our study found that the state and local governmental public health workforce was more likely to report PTSS than the general adult population. Almost a quarter of public health agency employees (24.7%) and 21.1% of adults reported at least 3 symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Differences in levels of PTSS appeared within demographic groups for both samples. Personal care and service frontline workers had 4.3 times the odds of reporting symptoms of posttraumatic stress than non-frontline workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Dewhurst
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine K. Ettman
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel Hare Bork
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Thornburg
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Salma M. Abdalla
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandro Galea
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian C. Castrucci
- de Beaumont Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland (Ms Dewhurst and Drs Hare Bork and Castrucci); Department of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Ettman and Mr Thornburg); and Department of Global Health (Dr Abdalla) and Office of the Dean (Dr Galea), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Skoglund K, Åhlman E, Mallin S, Holmgren J. Intensive care nurses' experiences of caring for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic based on an analysis of blog posts. Nurs Crit Care 2024; 29:40-48. [PMID: 37248953 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out worldwide, leading to a pandemic. Studies have shown that COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (ICUs) require more nursing care than other patients. ICU nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 have shown signs of psychological and physical strain. AIM The aim of this study was to illuminate ICU nurses' experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19 in ICUs during the first wave of the pandemic. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative, descriptive and inductive approach was used. A total of 70 blog posts from 13 bloggers in the United States, Great Britain, Finland and Sweden were analysed using qualitative inductive manifest content analysis. RESULTS The results reveal an overall theme: 'An overturned existence under extreme conditions'. Furthermore, three categories-'the virus caused changes in work and private lives', 'unreasonable demands', and to hold on to caring ideals thanks to the support of others'-and seven subcategories were identified. CONCLUSIONS Caring for patients with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic was demanding because of a lack of knowledge about the disease and the severity of the illness. This led to ICU nurses experiencing extreme conditions that affected various aspects of their lives. Support from colleagues and teamwork were revealed to be particularly important for how nurses dealt with the demands of working during a pandemic, as was sufficient recovery time between work shifts. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Work in ICUs was challenging and demanding, even before the pandemic. This study contributes to an understanding of the complex work environment that existed in hospitals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The knowledge obtained from this study can be used to revise working conditions and identify health interventions for ICU nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Skoglund
- School of health, care and social welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Ebba Åhlman
- The intensive care unit, Västmanland hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Sofia Mallin
- The intensive care unit, Mälar hospital, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Jessica Holmgren
- School of health, care and social welfare, Mälardalens University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
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Monte V, Ang JYZ, Tsai W. Negative COVID-19 impacts and depressive symptoms over time among first-year college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:219-228. [PMID: 35113772 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2032085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study examined the disruptions to social life, financial impact, and academic concerns caused by COVID-19 experienced by first-year college students, as well as their associations with depressive symptoms over time. Participants and Methods: Five hundred and thirty freshman college students completed an online survey at baseline and 14-week follow-up. Results: We found that female students reported greater COVID-19 academic concerns than males. Black students endorsed lower COVID-19 academic concerns and Latinx students reported greater negative COVID-19 financial impact compared to other ethnic groups. First-generation college students reported greater negative COVID-19 financial impact than domestic students. COVID-19 academic concerns and negative social and financial impacts were associated with greater depressive symptoms at baseline. However, only COVID-19 academic concerns were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms over time. Conclusions: Findings suggest that the academic, social, and financial disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have negative mental health consequences that should be addressed in research and university settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Monte
- Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - William Tsai
- Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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EMDR for symptoms of depression, stress and burnout in health care workers exposed to COVID-19 (HARD): A study protocol for a trial within a cohort study. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2179569. [PMID: 37052108 PMCID: PMC9946305 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2179569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stressful events during a pandemic are a major cause of serious health problems, such as burnout, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among health care workers (HCWs). During three years, HCWs, on the frontline to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, have been at an increased risk of high levels of stress, anxiety, depression, burnout and PTSD. Regarding potential psychological interventions, Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) is a structured, strongly recommended therapy based on its well-known efficacy in reducing PTSD symptoms and anxiety.Objectives: This study, designed as a trial within a cohort (TwiC), aims to 1) estimate the prevalence of depression, burnout and PTSD in a sample of HCWs after experiencing the COVID-19 emergency (cohort part) and 2) assess the efficacy and acceptability of 'EMDR + usual care' for HCWs from the cohort who report significant psychological symptoms (trial part).Methods: The study, designed as a TwiC, consists of a prospective cohort study (n = 3000) with an embedded, pragmatic, randomized open-label superiority trial with two groups (n = 900). Participants included in the trial part are HCWs recruited for the cohort with significant symptoms on at least one psychological dimension (depression, burnout, PTSD) at baseline, 3 months or 6 months, determined by using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale, and PTSD Checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5). The intervention consists of 12 separate EMDR sessions with a certified therapist. The control group receives usual care. The trial has three primary outcomes: changes in depression, burnout and PTSD scores from randomization to 6 months. All participants are followed up for 12 months.Conclusions: This study provides empirical evidence about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the mental health burden it places on HCWs and assesses the effectiveness of EMDR as a psychological intervention.Trial registration NCT04570202.
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Younas M, Dong Y, Menhas R, Li X, Wang Y, Noor U. Alleviating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Physical, Psychological Health, and Wellbeing of Students: Coping Behavior as a Mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5255-5270. [PMID: 38164325 PMCID: PMC10758179 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Public health procedures under the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown policy negatively affect people's health. Students' physical issues have been increased due to restrictions which further impact their psychological and overall well-being. Objective The research looks at the influence of coping behavior in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on students' physical/psychological health and general well-being. Methods The study's participants were chosen from a pool of 2200 people using convenience sampling. Using an anonymous online poll, the main data were gathered. The collected data were analyzed by using Smart-PLS. Results From eight direct correlations, seven were found to be true, except the route pandemic -> overall wellbeing, which was not true. Furthermore, it was shown that the mediating effect of coping behavior was statistically significant in the routes of mediation. Conclusion Coping strategies have a significant role in how a person responds to trying circumstances. Our study's results suggest that coping strategies had a statistically significant mediation role in reducing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that appropriate coping strategies are an effective adaptation of a protective barrier against the damaging effects of COVID-19 on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rashid Menhas
- Research Center of Sport and Social Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Uzma Noor
- School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Cho H, Wang JCK, Kim S, Chiu W. Increasing exercise participation during the COVID-19 pandemic: the buffering role of nostalgia. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1285204. [PMID: 38162976 PMCID: PMC10755474 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1285204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, people faced difficulties engaging in exercise activities as usual. As a result, there has been an increase in the demand for home exercises and online sales. However, there is little research on individuals' buying and exercise behaviors during the pandemic. Thus, this study investigated how the perceived threat of COVID-19 influences exercise participants' compensatory consumption and exercise intention through emotional responses, such as feelings of solastalgia and nostalgia. Methods A total of 488 responses were collected from Generation Y, as individuals belonging to Generation Y are more prone to impulsive buying compared to other generations and, importantly, consider exercise a crucial component of their general well-being. Data were examined using a three-step method that involved the use of SPSS 26.0 and EQS 6.4 software. Results Results showed that perception of COVID-19 positively influenced solastalgia and negatively affected nostalgia. Also, solastalgia had positive effects on nostalgia and online browsing, and nostalgia positively affected online browsing. Finally, this study found that online browsing positively influenced impulse buying and exercise intention, while impulse buying did not significantly affect exercise intention. Conclusion This study contributes to identifying the crucial influence of emotions in decision-making and increasing the understanding of the connection between nostalgia and cognitive and emotional responses amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heetae Cho
- Department of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Chee Keng Wang
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Weisheng Chiu
- Lee Shau Kee School of Business and Administration, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wang S, Luo G, Pan D, Ding X, Yang F, Zhu L, Wang S, Ma X. Anxiety prevalence and associated factors among frontline nurses following the COVID-19 pandemic: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1323303. [PMID: 38145071 PMCID: PMC10740197 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1323303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nurses are more likely to experience anxiety following the coronavirus 2019 epidemic. Anxiety could compromise nurses' work efficiency and diminish their professional commitment. This study aims to investigate nurses' anxiety prevalence and related factors following the pandemic in multiple hospitals across China. Methods An online survey was conducted from April 16 to July 3, 2023, targeting frontline nurses who had actively participated in China. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors linked with anxiety. Results A total of 2,210 frontline nurses participated in the study. Overall, 65.07% of participants displayed clinically significant anxiety symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that nurses living with their families [2.52(95% CI: 1.68-3.77)] and those with higher SDS scores [1.26(95% CI: 1.24-1.29)] faced an elevated risk of anxiety. Conversely, female nurses [0.02(95% CI: 0.00-0.90)] and those who had recovered from infection [0.05(95%CI: 0.07-0.18)] demonstrated lower rates of anxiety. Discussion This study highlights the association between SDS score, gender, virus infection, living arrangements and anxiety. Frontline nurses need to be provided with emotional support to prevent anxiety. These insights can guide interventions to protect the mental well-being of frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongsheng Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - XiangQian Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Ya'an People's Hospital, Sichuan University, Yaan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuelu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
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Mahmood NMA, Khadka S, Saleem M, Alkamel MAAM, Khudhiere MMSS, Prasad Panta P, Jabar Adnan MA, Yadav GK. Psychological effect of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare professionals of Yemen and coping strategies. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2184297. [PMID: 36855244 PMCID: PMC9979999 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2184297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has triggered psychological stress such as anxiety and depression among people around the globe. Due to the nature of the job, healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at high risk of infection and are facing social stigma as well. This research was conducted with the objective to evaluate the psychological influence of the COVID-19 pandemic among HCPs in Yemen and the coping strategies adopted thereof. A web-based, as well as face-to-face cross-sectional study was carried out from July to December 2021 among HCPs of Yemen. The generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Brief-COPE scales were applied for the evaluation of anxiety, depression, and coping strategies. A total of 197 HCPs participated in the study where 28.4% and 43.1% had anxiety and depression respectively. The prevalence of both anxiety and depression in the majority were found of the minimal to none and mild categories (71.6% vs. 56.9% respectively). The respondents who had received training on COVID-19 had statistically significant lower GAD-7 scores than those who did not (6.32 vs. 8.02 respectively). A significant statistical difference was observed between physicians versus nurses regarding depression based on the working area (p < 0.05). The physician and pharmacist had a significant positive association with brief COPE scores at the 50th centile compared to other HCPs. The female respondents had statistically significant higher mean Brief COPE scores than male respondents (78.11 vs. 69.50 respectively). Our findings illustrate the requirement for efficient policies through administrative, clinical, and welfare perspectives from the regulatory body in preparedness and preventive measures towards such a pandemic that aids HCPs to provide service in a stress-free condition and assurance of a better healthcare system..
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagd Mohammed Ahmed Mahmood
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Palsm Pharmacy, Aden, Yemen,Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,CONTACT Nagd Mohammed Ahmed Mahmood Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sitaram Khadka
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,Department of Pharmacy, Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Maged Mohammed Salem Saeed Khudhiere
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen,Health and Nutrition Department, Health and Nutrition Foundation for Development (HAND), Aden, Yemen
| | - Prem Prasad Panta
- Department of Statistics, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
| | | | - Gopal K Yadav
- Department of Internal Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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47
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St Marie BJ, Bai J, Knisely MR, Booker SQ, Saravanan A, Sowicz TJ. Experiences of Pain Management Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2023; 24:603-609. [PMID: 37806899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knowledge and skills of pain management nurses positions them well to manage people's pain and provide critical services to patients with COVID-19. AIM To understand the personal and professional experiences and the support pain management nurses received during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Between July 2020 and 2021, data were collected through semi-structured telephone interviews from members of the American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Content analysis was used. RESULTS Eighteen pain management nurses who worked during the early stages of the pandemic were interviewed. Three main categories were identified: experiencing stress and burden, pain management strategies changed, learning to cope with support. Pain management nurses reported fear of exposure, difficulties with staff shortages, the complex social milieu, and how pain management took a backseat to other symptoms of COVID-19. They coped through support from their colleagues, organizational leaders, and community members. Pain management nurses provided recommendations for future care of patients' pain during a pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Pain management nurses shared their professional and personal experiences and the support they received while managing patients' pain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their experiences provided findings on the importance of pain management and to support nurses during personal and professional vulnerabilities during crises. Key recommendations on the care of patients' pain in future pandemics included developing expertise in pain management and health-related emergencies; engaging nurses in supportive mental health services, infectious disease testing, and vaccine efforts; and planning for surge capacity to reach out to underserved people living with pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Staja Q Booker
- University of Florida, College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL
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Breslow AS, Simkovic S, Franz PJ, Cavic E, Liu Q, Ramsey N, Alpert JE, Cook BL, Gabbay V. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19-Related Stressor Exposure and Adverse Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:896-905. [PMID: 37941329 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Racial and ethnic disparities in exposure to COVID-19-related stressors, pandemic-related distress, and adverse mental health outcomes were assessed among health care workers in the Bronx, New York, during the first wave of the pandemic. METHODS The authors analyzed survey data from 992 health care workers using adjusted logistic regression models to assess differential prevalence of outcomes by race/ethnicity and their interactions. RESULTS Compared with their White colleagues, Latinx, Black, Asian, and multiracial/other health care workers reported significantly higher exposure to multiple COVID-19-related stressors: redeployment, fear of being sick, lack of autonomy at work, and inadequate access to personal protective equipment. Endorsing a greater number of COVID-19-related stressors was associated with pandemic-related distress in all groups and with adverse mental health outcomes in some groups; it was not related to hazardous alcohol use in any of the groups. These associations were not significantly different between racial and ethnic groups. Latinx health care workers had significantly higher probabilities of pandemic-related distress and posttraumatic stress than White colleagues. Despite greater exposure to COVID-19-related stressors, Black, Asian, and multiracial/other health care workers had the same, if not lower, prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes. Conversely, White health care workers had a higher adjusted prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety compared with Asian colleagues and greater hazardous alcohol use compared with all other groups. CONCLUSIONS Health care workers from racial and ethnic minority groups reported increased exposure to COVID-19-related stressors, suggestive of structural racism in the health care workforce. These results underscore the need for increased support for health care workers and interventions aimed at mitigating disparities in vocational exposure to risk and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Samuel Breslow
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Sherry Simkovic
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Peter J Franz
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Elizabeth Cavic
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Qi Liu
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Natalie Ramsey
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Jonathan E Alpert
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Benjamin Le Cook
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
| | - Vilma Gabbay
- Center for Health Equity, Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (Breslow, Franz, Cavic, Ramsey, Cook); Psychiatry Research Institute at Montefiore Einstein, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (all authors); Einstein-Rockefeller-City University of New York Center for AIDS Research, New York (Breslow, Cavic, Gabbay); Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Mass. (Breslow, Cook); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Ramsey); Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Cook); Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Gabbay)
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He C, Igwe N, Damian C, Feder A, Feingold J, Ripp J, Pietrzak R, Peccoralo L, Hurtado A, Chan C. Racial & ethnic differences in mental health outcomes and risk factors among frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 85:1-7. [PMID: 37716020 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine racial/ethnic differences in mental health outcomes and risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic among frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs). METHODS A survey was conducted on FHCWs at a large metropolitan hospital during winter 2021. Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms, demographic characteristics, and COVID-19-related occupational factors were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression examined factors associated with screening positive for psychiatric symptoms and their interactions with race/ethnicity. RESULTS Of 1437 FHCWs, 762 (53.0%) self-identified as white, 451 (31.4%) as Asian, 118 (8.2%) as Black, and 106 (7.4%) as Latinx. Black FHCWs had a higher prevalence of screening positive for depression (18.6%) than other groups (6.6%-11.7%, p < .05). Significant risk factors by race/ethnicity interactions indicated that having cared for patients who died from COVID-19 increased risk of psychiatric symptoms among white and Black individuals, having to make difficult decisions prioritizing patients increased risk most significantly among white and Asian individuals, and working more hours increased risk most significantly among Latinx individuals. CONCLUSION Results suggest that occupational stressors may have differential impacts on mental health among racial/ethnic groups of FHCWs. Findings provide insight on subgroups with increased vulnerability to certain risk factors and inform interventions to improve mental health in diverse FHCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestine He
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Nnamdi Igwe
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Candida Damian
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adriana Feder
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jordyn Feingold
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jonathan Ripp
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lauren Peccoralo
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1087, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alicia Hurtado
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, NY, NY 10029, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, NY, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, NY, NY 10029, USA
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50
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Martín-Del-Campo F, Ramírez-Pineda JL, Ávila-Cornejo RM, Gutiérrez-Casillas SB, Sánchez-Soriano A, Cueto Manzano AM. Moderate physical activity is associated with lower depression, anxiety and stress in health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychosom Res 2023; 174:111488. [PMID: 37690331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health-care workers are in high risk for COVID-19 and may experience associated mental health disturbances. Although physical activity (PA) has positive effects on mental disturbances, it has not been fully investigated in health-team during COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we analyzed depression, anxiety and stress in health-care workers, and their relationship with PA before and during a COVID-19 peak. METHODS Retrospective cohort study. PA (IPAQ short-form) evaluated and associated with depression, anxiety and stress (DAAS-21) at the beginning of COVID-19 first wave in Mexico (April 2020) in 1146 workers of a tertiary-care hospital, and in a subsequent occasion at the first wave peak (July-August/2020) in 311 workers (from the first ones). Data collected from routine surveillance. RESULTS Depression increased 9%, anxiety 15%, and stress 10% at the pandemic peak. Subjects with higher frequency of baseline moderate PA showed lower severity of depression, anxiety and stress at the peak (p < 0.05). At the pandemic peak, female sex (OR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.14-5.13), diabetes (OR = 21.9, 95%CI 2.09-221) and baseline depression (OR = 8.86, 95%CI 4.30-18.2) predicted depression; baseline anxiety (OR = 5.52, 95%CI 3.01-10.1), working in COVID-19 area (OR = 4.14, 95%CI 1.99-8.64), and baseline moderate PA (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.16-0.73) predicted anxiety; and baseline stress (OR = 8.64, 95%CI 4.11-18.2), and moderate PA (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.15-0.82) predicted stress. CONCLUSION Depression, stress, and particularly anxiety, increased in health-care workers from the beginning to the COVID-19 pandemic peak, and were predicted by the presence of the corresponding baseline mental alterations, and in the case of anxiety and stress, by the lower frequency of moderate PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Martín-Del-Campo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge L Ramírez-Pineda
- Servicios de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud para Trabajadores IMSS, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Ávila-Cornejo
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sophia B Gutiérrez-Casillas
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Artemio Sánchez-Soriano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alfonso M Cueto Manzano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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