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Nielsen RV, Fuster V, Bundgaard H, Fuster JJ, Johri AM, Kofoed KF, Douglas PS, Diederichsen A, Shapiro MD, Nicholls SJ, Nordestgaard BG, Lindholt JS, MacRae C, Yuan C, Newby DE, Urbina EM, Bergström G, Ridderstråle M, Budoff MJ, Bøttcher M, Raitakari OT, Hansen TH, Näslund U, Sillesen H, Eldrup N, Ibanez B. Personalized Intervention Based on Early Detection of Atherosclerosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:2112-2127. [PMID: 38777513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and challenges the capacity of health care systems globally. Atherosclerosis is the underlying pathophysiological entity in two-thirds of patients with CVD. When considering that atherosclerosis develops over decades, there is potentially great opportunity for prevention of associated events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Subclinical atherosclerosis has been identified in its early stages in young individuals; however, there is no consensus on how to prevent progression to symptomatic disease. Given the growing burden of CVD, a paradigm shift is required-moving from late management of atherosclerotic CVD to earlier detection during the subclinical phase with the goal of potential cure or prevention of events. Studies must focus on how precision medicine using imaging and circulating biomarkers may identify atherosclerosis earlier and determine whether such a paradigm shift would lead to overall cost savings for global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke V Nielsen
- Department of Medical Science, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jose J Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amer M Johri
- Department of Medicine Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Klaus F Kofoed
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Axel Diederichsen
- Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael D Shapiro
- Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Section on Cardiovascular Disease, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark. https://twitter.com/BNordestgaard
| | - Jes S Lindholt
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Elite Research Centre of Individualised Treatment of Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Calum MacRae
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chun Yuan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David E Newby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Morten Bøttcher
- University Clinic for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University/Gødstrup Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas H Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulf Näslund
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sillesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Eldrup
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
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Gharios C, van Leent MMT, Chang HL, Abohashem S, O’Connor D, Osborne MT, Tang CY, Kaufman AE, Robson PM, Ramachandran S, Calcagno C, Mani V, Trivieri MG, Seligowski AV, Dekel S, Mulder WJM, Murrough JW, Shin LM, Tawakol A, Fayad ZA. Cortico-limbic interactions and carotid atherosclerotic burden during chronic stress exposure. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1753-1764. [PMID: 38753456 PMCID: PMC11107120 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic stress associates with cardiovascular disease, but mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Advanced imaging was used to identify stress-related neural imaging phenotypes associated with atherosclerosis. METHODS Twenty-seven individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 45 trauma-exposed controls without PTSD, and 22 healthy controls underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI). Atherosclerotic inflammation and burden were assessed using 18F-FDG PET (as maximal target-to-background ratio, TBR max) and MRI, respectively. Inflammation was assessed using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and leucopoietic imaging (18F-FDG PET uptake in spleen and bone marrow). Stress-associated neural network activity (SNA) was assessed on 18F-FDG PET as amygdala relative to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activity. MRI diffusion tensor imaging assessed the axonal integrity (AI) of the uncinate fasciculus (major white matter tract connecting vmPFC and amygdala). RESULTS Median age was 37 years old and 54% of participants were female. There were no significant differences in atherosclerotic inflammation between participants with PTSD and controls; adjusted mean difference in TBR max (95% confidence interval) of the aorta 0.020 (-0.098, 0.138), and of the carotids 0.014 (-0.091, 0.119). Participants with PTSD had higher hsCRP, spleen activity, and aorta atherosclerotic burden (normalized wall index). Participants with PTSD also had higher SNA and lower AI. Across the cohort, carotid atherosclerotic burden (standard deviation of wall thickness) associated positively with SNA and negatively with AI independent of Framingham risk score. CONCLUSIONS In this study of limited size, participants with PTSD did not have higher atherosclerotic inflammation than controls. Notably, impaired cortico-limbic interactions (higher amygdala relative to vmPFC activity or disruption of their intercommunication) associated with carotid atherosclerotic burden. Larger studies are needed to refine these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Gharios
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 02114-2750, USA
| | - Mandy M T van Leent
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helena L Chang
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shady Abohashem
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 02114-2750, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 10029-6574, USA
| | - David O’Connor
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Michael T Osborne
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 02114-2750, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 10029-6574, USA
| | - Cheuk Y Tang
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Audrey E Kaufman
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Philip M Robson
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Sarayu Ramachandran
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Venkatesh Mani
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Maria Giovanna Trivieri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia V Seligowski
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 02114-2750, USA
| | - Sharon Dekel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - James W Murrough
- Depression and Anxiety Center, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5E, Boston, MA 02114-2750, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
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Yu F, Zhang Y, Sun H, Li X, Shan Y, Zheng C, Cui B, Li J, Yang Y, Yang B, Ma Y, Wang Y, Jiao L, Li X, Lu J. In Vivo Classification and Characterization of Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions with Integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1006. [PMID: 38786304 PMCID: PMC11120206 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to exploit integrated PET/MRI to simultaneously evaluate the morphological, component, and metabolic features of advanced atherosclerotic plaques and explore their incremental value. METHODS In this observational prospective cohort study, patients with advanced plaque in the carotid artery underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI. Plaque morphological features were measured, and plaque component features were determined via MRI according to AHA lesion-types. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and tissue to background ratio (TBR) on PET were calculated. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to compare the incremental contribution of FDG uptake when added to AHA lesion-types for symptomatic plaque classification. RESULTS A total of 280 patients with advanced plaque in the carotid artery were recruited. A total of 402 plaques were confirmed, and 87 of 402 (21.6%) were symptomatic plaques. 18F-FDG PET/MRI was performed a mean of 38 days (range 1-90) after the symptom. Increased stenosis degree (61.5% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001) and TBR (2.96 vs. 2.32, p < 0.001) were observed in symptomatic plaques compared with asymptomatic plaques. The performance of the combined model (AHA lesion type VI + stenosis degree + TBR) for predicting symptomatic plaques was the best among all models (AUC = 0.789). The improvement of the combined model (AHA lesion type VII + stenosis degree + TBR) over AHA lesion type VII model for predicting symptomatic plaques was the highest (AUC = 0.757/0.454, combined model/AHA lesion type VII model), and the NRI was 50.7%. CONCLUSIONS Integrated PET/MRI could simultaneously evaluate the morphological component and inflammation features of advanced atherosclerotic plaques and provide supplementary optimization information over AHA lesion-types for identifying vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis subjects to achieve further stratification of stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Heyu Sun
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yi Shan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chong Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Bixiao Cui
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (B.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.W.); (L.J.)
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (B.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.W.); (L.J.)
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yabing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (B.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.W.); (L.J.)
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (B.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.W.); (L.J.)
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street, No. 45, Beijing 100053, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (C.Z.); (B.C.); (J.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China
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Bonanni LJ, Wittkopp S, Long C, Aleman JO, Newman JD. A review of air pollution as a driver of cardiovascular disease risk across the diabetes spectrum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1321323. [PMID: 38665261 PMCID: PMC11043478 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1321323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is estimated to reach almost 630 million cases worldwide by the year 2045; of current and projected cases, over 90% are type 2 diabetes. Air pollution exposure has been implicated in the onset and progression of diabetes. Increased exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with increases in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) across the glycemic spectrum, including normoglycemia, prediabetes, and all forms of diabetes. Air pollution exposure is a driver of cardiovascular disease onset and exacerbation and can increase cardiovascular risk among those with diabetes. In this review, we summarize the literature describing the relationships between air pollution exposure, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, highlighting how airborne pollutants can disrupt glucose homeostasis. We discuss how air pollution and diabetes, via shared mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction, drive increased cardiovascular disease risk. We identify portable air cleaners as potentially useful tools to prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes due to air pollution exposure across the diabetes spectrum, while emphasizing the need for further study in this particular population. Given the enormity of the health and financial impacts of air pollution exposure on patients with diabetes, a greater understanding of the interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk in this population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J. Bonanni
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sharine Wittkopp
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clarine Long
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - José O. Aleman
- Division of Endocrinology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Newman
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
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Maier A, Teunissen AJP, Nauta SA, Lutgens E, Fayad ZA, van Leent MMT. Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x. [PMID: 38575752 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate tissue-based disease status, detect early molecular changes and provide whole-body information. Advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics continue to help to decipher the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inform the development of imaging tracers. Concomitant advances in tracer synthesis methods and PET imaging technology provide future possibilities for atherosclerosis imaging. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in PET imaging techniques and technologies for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and discuss the relationship between imaging readouts and transcriptomics-based plaque phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Maier
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Abraham J P Teunissen
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheqouia A Nauta
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Immunology, Experimental Cardiovascular Immunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mandy M T van Leent
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Wang J, Lu B, Yin G, Liu L, Yang P, Huang N, Zhao A. Design and Fabrication of Environmentally Responsive Nanoparticles for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1190-1206. [PMID: 38343186 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease poses a significant threat to human health in today's society. A major contributor to cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis (AS). The development of plaque in the affected areas involves a complex pathological environment, and the disease progresses rapidly. Nanotechnology, combined with emerging diagnostic and treatment methods, offers the potential for the management of this condition. This paper presents the latest advancements in environment-intelligent responsive controlled-release nanoparticles designed specifically for the pathological environment of AS, which includes characteristics such as low pH, high reactive oxygen species levels, high shear stress, and multienzymes. Additionally, the paper summarizes the applications and features of nanotechnology in interventional therapy for AS, including percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and drug-eluting stents. Furthermore, the application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis of AS shows promising real-time, accurate, and continuous effects. Lastly, the paper explores the future prospects of nanotechnology, highlighting the tremendous potential in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases, especially with the ongoing development in nano gas, quantum dots, and Metal-Organic Frameworks materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Wang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Bingyang Lu
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ge Yin
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ping Yang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ansha Zhao
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
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Guimarães J, de Almeida J, Mendes PL, Ferreira MJ, Gonçalves L. Advancements in non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis: Future perspectives. J Clin Lipidol 2024; 18:e142-e152. [PMID: 38142178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of plaques in arterial walls, leading to cardiovascular diseases and high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Non-invasive imaging techniques play a crucial role in evaluating patients with suspected or established atherosclerosis. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the need to visualize the underlying processes of plaque progression and rupture to enhance risk stratification. This review explores recent advancements in non-invasive assessment of atherosclerosis, focusing on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging. These advancements provide valuable insights into the assessment and management of atherosclerosis, potentially leading to better risk stratification and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Guimarães
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José de Almeida
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Lázaro Mendes
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ferreira
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra's University, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino Gonçalves
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra's University, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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8
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Chalitsios CV, Meena D, Manou M, Papagiannopoulos C, Markozannes G, Gill D, Su B, Tsilidis KK, Evangelou E, Tzoulaki I. Multiple long-term conditions in people with psoriasis: a latent class and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Br J Dermatol 2024; 190:364-373. [PMID: 37874776 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coexisting long-term conditions (LTCs) in psoriasis and their potential causal associations with the disease are not well -established. OBJECTIVES To determine distinct clusters of LTCs in people with psoriasis and the potential bidirectional causal association between these LTCs and psoriasis. METHODS Using latent class analysis, cross-sectional data from people with psoriasis from the UK Biobank were analysed to identify distinct psoriasis-related comorbidity profiles. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSR) was applied to compute the genetic correlation between psoriasis and LTCs. Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis assessed the potential causal direction using independent genetic variants that reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8). RESULTS Five comorbidity clusters were identified in a population of 10 873 people with psoriasis. LDSR revealed that psoriasis was positively genetically correlated with heart failure [genetic correlation (rg) = 0.23, P = 8.8 × 10-8], depression (rg = 0.12, P = 2.7 × 10-5), coronary artery disease (CAD; rg = 0.15, P = 2 × 10-4) and type 2 diabetes (rg = 0.19, P = 3 × 10-3). Genetic liability to CAD was associated with an increased risk of psoriasis [inverse variance weighted (IVW) odds ratio (ORIVW) 1.159, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.055-1.274; P = 2 × 10-3]. The MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO; ORMR-PRESSO 1.13, 95% CI 1.042-1.228; P = 6 × 10-3) and the MR-robust adjusted profile score (RAPS) (ORMR-RAPS 1.149, 95% CI 1.062-1.242; P = 5 × 10-4) approaches corroborate the IVW findings. The weighted median (WM) generated similar and consistent effect estimates but was not statistically significant (ORWM 1.076, 95% CI 0.949-1.221; P = 0.25). Evidence for a suggestive increased risk was detected for CAD (ORIVW 1.031, 95% CI 1.003-1.059; P = 0.03) and heart failure (ORIVW 1.019, 95% CI 1.005-1.033; P = 9 × 10-3) in those with a genetic liability to psoriasis; however, MR sensitivity analyses did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Five distinct clusters of psoriasis comorbidities were observed with these findings to offer opportunities for an integrated approach to comorbidity prevention and treatment. Coexisting LTCs share with psoriasis common genetic and nongenetic risk factors, and aggressive lifestyle modification in these people is anticipated to have an impact beyond psoriasis risk. Genetically predicted CAD is possibly associated with an increased risk of psoriasis, altering our prior knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos V Chalitsios
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Devendra Meena
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Manou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos Papagiannopoulos
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bowen Su
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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9
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Lu M, Pan J, Hu Y, Ding L, Li Y, Cui X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Li C. Advances in the study of vascular related protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and compounds. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109531. [PMID: 37984733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a functional food containing multiple bioactive compounds that find widespread applications in culinary and medicinal practices. It consists of multiple chemical components, including allicin and alliin. This article offers a comprehensive review of the protective effects of garlic extracts and their active constituents on the vascular system. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that garlic extracts and their active ingredients possess various bioactive properties. These substances demonstrate beneficial effects on blood vessels by demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, inhibiting lipid accumulation and migration, preventing lipid peroxidation, promoting angiogenesis, reducing platelet aggregation, enhancing endothelial function, and inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. In clinical studies, garlic and its extracts have demonstrated their efficacy in managing vascular system diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels. In summary, these studies highlight the potential therapeutic roles and underlying mechanisms of garlic and its constituents in managing conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, ischemic diseases, and other vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhai Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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10
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Devesa A, Fuster V, Vazirani R, García-Lunar I, Oliva B, España S, Moreno-Arciniegas A, Sanz J, Perez-Herreras C, Bueno H, Lara-Pezzi E, García-Alvarez A, de Vega VM, Fernández-Friera L, Trivieri MG, Fernández-Ortiz A, Rossello X, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Ibanez B. Cardiac Insulin Resistance in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome Traits and Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:2050-2057. [PMID: 37713581 PMCID: PMC10632182 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-0871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Experimental evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with changes in cardiac metabolism. Whether this association occurs in humans is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 821 asymptomatic individuals from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study (50.6 [46.9-53.6] years, 83.7% male) underwent two whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (18F-FDG PET-MR) 4.8 ± 0.6 years apart. Presence of myocardial 18F-FDG uptake was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. No myocardial uptake was grade 0, while positive uptake was classified in grades 1-3 according to target-to-background ratio tertiles. RESULTS One hundred fifty-six participants (19.0%) showed no myocardial 18F-FDG uptake, and this was significantly associated with higher prevalence of MetS (29.0% vs. 13.9%, P < 0.001), hypertension (29.0% vs. 18.0%, P = 0.002), and diabetes (11.0% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.001), and with higher insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR, 1.64% vs. 1.23%, P < 0.001). Absence of myocardial uptake was associated with higher prevalence of early atherosclerosis (i.e., arterial 18F-FDG uptake, P = 0.004). On follow-up, the associations between myocardial 18F-FDG uptake and risk factors were replicated, and MetS was more frequent in the group without myocardial uptake. The increase in HOMA-IR was associated with a progressive decrease in myocardial uptake (P < 0.001). In 82% of subjects, the categorization according to presence/absence of myocardial 18F-FDG uptake did not change between baseline and follow-up. MetS regression on follow-up was associated with a significant (P < 0.001) increase in myocardial uptake. CONCLUSIONS Apparently healthy individuals without cardiac 18F-FDG uptake have higher HOMA-IR and higher prevalence of MetS traits, cardiovascular risk factors, and early atherosclerosis. An improvement in cardiometabolic profile is associated with the recovery of myocardial 18F-FDG uptake at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Devesa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ravi Vazirani
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés García-Lunar
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Moraleja, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Oliva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel España
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Sanz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Héctor Bueno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and i+12 Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana García-Alvarez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez de Vega
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Quirón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Universitario HM Montepríncipe-Centro Integral de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria G. Trivieri
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Rossello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Moraleja, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases- Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears (IDISBA), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Romero ÁB, Furtado FS, Sertic M, Goiffon RJ, Mahmood U, Catalano OA. Abdominal Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2023; 31:579-589. [PMID: 37741642 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly suited for abdominal pathologies. A precise co-registration of anatomic and metabolic data is possible thanks to the simultaneous acquisition, leading to accurate imaging. The literature shows that PET/MRI is at least as good as PET/CT and even superior for some indications, such as primary hepatic tumors, distant metastasis evaluation, and inflammatory bowel disease. PET/MRI allows whole-body staging in a single session, improving health care efficiency and patient comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Badenes Romero
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Joan XXIII Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Felipe S Furtado
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Madaleine Sertic
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reece J Goiffon
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Umar Mahmood
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Onofrio A Catalano
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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12
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Sabeghi P, Katal S, Chen M, Taravat F, Werner TJ, Saboury B, Gholamrezanezhad A, Alavi A. Update on Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Cancer and Inflammation Imaging in the Clinic. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2023; 31:517-538. [PMID: 37741639 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid PET/MRI is highly valuable, having made significant strides in overcoming technical challenges and offering unique advantages such as reduced radiation, precise data coregistration, and motion correction. Growing evidence highlights the value of PET/MRI in broad clinical aspects, including inflammatory and oncological imaging in adults, pregnant women, and pediatrics, potentially surpassing PET/CT. This newly integrated solution may be preferred over PET/CT in many clinical conditions. However, further technological advancements are required to facilitate its broader adoption as a routine diagnostic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Sabeghi
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Health Science Campus, 1500 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sanaz Katal
- Medical Imaging Department of St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Chen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Health Science Campus, 1500 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Farzaneh Taravat
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Health Science Campus, 1500 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thomas J Werner
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Babak Saboury
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ali Gholamrezanezhad
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Health Science Campus, 1500 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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13
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van Heeswijk RB, Bauer WR, Bönner F, Janjic JM, Mulder WJM, Schreiber LM, Schwitter J, Flögel U. Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging With Fluorine-19 MRI: The Road to the Clinic. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:e014742. [PMID: 37725674 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.014742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging is a unique quantitative molecular imaging modality that makes use of an injectable fluorine-containing tracer that generates the only visible 19F signal in the body. This hot spot imaging technique has recently been used to characterize a wide array of cardiovascular diseases and seen a broad range of technical improvements. Concurrently, its potential to be translated to the clinical setting is being explored. This review provides an overview of this emerging field and demonstrates its diagnostic potential, which shows promise for clinical translation. We will describe 19F magnetic resonance imaging hardware, pulse sequences, and tracers, followed by an overview of cardiovascular applications. Finally, the challenges on the road to clinical translation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (R.B.v.H.)
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B.)
| | - Florian Bönner
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany (F.B.)
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA (J.M.J.)
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
| | - Laura M Schreiber
- Chair of Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), Wuerzburg University Hospitals, Germany (L.M.S.)
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- CMR Center (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (J.S.)
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
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14
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Tristão-Pereira C, Fuster V, Oliva B, Moreno-Arciniegas A, Garcia-Lunar I, Perez-Herreras C, Schöll M, Suárez-Calvet M, Moro MA, Garcia-Alvarez A, Fernandez-Ortiz A, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Ibanez B, Gispert JD, Cortes-Canteli M. Longitudinal interplay between subclinical atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk factors, and cerebral glucose metabolism in midlife: results from the PESA prospective cohort study. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2023; 4:e487-e498. [PMID: 37659430 PMCID: PMC10469266 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and dementia often coexist at advanced stages. Yet, longitudinal studies examining the interplay between atherosclerosis and its risk factors on brain health in midlife are scarce. We aimed to characterise the longitudinal associations between cerebral glucose metabolism, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged asymptomatic individuals. METHODS The Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study is a Spanish longitudinal observational cohort study of 4184 asymptomatic individuals aged 40-54 years (NCT01410318). Participants with subclinical atherosclerosis underwent longitudinal cerebral [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG)-PET, and annual percentage change in [18F]FDG uptake was assessed (primary outcome). Cardiovascular risk was quantified with SCORE2 and subclinical atherosclerosis with three-dimensional vascular ultrasound (exposures). Multivariate regression and linear mixed effects models were used to assess associations between outcomes and exposures. Additionally, blood-based biomarkers of neuropathology were quantified and mediation analyses were performed. Secondary analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (FDR) approach. FINDINGS This longitudinal study included a PESA subcohort of 370 participants (median age at baseline 49·8 years [IQR 46·1-52·2]; 309 [84%] men, 61 [16%] women; median follow-up 4·7 years [IQR 4·2-5·2]). Baseline scans took place between March 6, 2013, and Jan 21, 2015, and follow-up scans between Nov 24, 2017, and Aug 7, 2019. Persistent high risk of cardiovascular disease was associated with an accelerated decline of cortical [18F]FDG uptake compared with low risk (β=-0·008 [95% CI -0·013 to -0·002]; pFDR=0·040), with plasma neurofilament light chain, a marker of neurodegeneration, mediating this association by 20% (β=0·198 [0·008 to 0·740]; pFDR=0·050). Moreover, progression of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis was associated with an additional decline in [18F]FDG uptake in Alzheimer's disease brain regions, not explained by cardiovascular risk (β=-0·269 [95% CI -0·509 to -0·027]; p=0·029). INTERPRETATION Middle-aged asymptomatic individuals with persistent high risk of cardiovascular disease and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis already present brain metabolic decline, suggesting that maintenance of cardiovascular health during midlife could contribute to reductions in neurodegenerative disease burden later in life. FUNDING Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santander Bank, Pro-CNIC Foundation, BrightFocus Foundation, BBVA Foundation, "la Caixa" Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Belen Oliva
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ines Garcia-Lunar
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, La Moraleja University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centers on Cardiovascular Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Michael Schöll
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centers on Frailty and Healthy Ageing, Madrid, Spain; Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Garcia-Alvarez
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centers on Cardiovascular Diseases, Madrid, Spain; August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Clínic Hospital, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Ortiz
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centers on Cardiovascular Diseases, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Health Research Clinico San Carlos Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centers on Cardiovascular Diseases, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Institute for Health Research Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan D Gispert
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cortes-Canteli
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Institute for Health Research Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Climie RE, Alastruey J, Mayer CC, Schwarz A, Laucyte-Cibulskiene A, Voicehovska J, Bianchini E, Bruno RM, Charlton PH, Grillo A, Guala A, Hallab M, Hametner B, Jankowski P, Königstein K, Lebedeva A, Mozos I, Pucci G, Puzantian H, Terentes-Printzios D, Yetik-Anacak G, Park C, Nilsson PM, Weber T. Vascular ageing: moving from bench towards bedside. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1101-1117. [PMID: 36738307 PMCID: PMC7614971 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the largest public health challenges of our time. Identifying individuals at increased cardiovascular risk at an asymptomatic, sub-clinical stage is of paramount importance for minimizing disease progression as well as the substantial health and economic burden associated with overt CVD. Vascular ageing (VA) involves the deterioration in vascular structure and function over time and ultimately leads to damage in the heart, brain, kidney, and other organs. Vascular ageing encompasses the cumulative effect of all cardiovascular risk factors on the arterial wall over the life course and thus may help identify those at elevated cardiovascular risk, early in disease development. Although the concept of VA is gaining interest clinically, it is seldom measured in routine clinical practice due to lack of consensus on how to characterize VA as physiological vs. pathological and various practical issues. In this state-of-the-art review and as a network of scientists, clinicians, engineers, and industry partners with expertise in VA, we address six questions related to VA in an attempt to increase knowledge among the broader medical community and move the routine measurement of VA a little closer from bench towards bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Climie
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, 7000 Hobart, Australia
- Sports Cardiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3000, Australia
- Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 249 Westminster Bridge Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Christopher C. Mayer
- Medical Signal Analysis, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Achim Schwarz
- ALF Distribution GmbH, Stephanstrasse 19, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Agne Laucyte-Cibulskiene
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Sölvegatan 19 - BMC F12, 221 84 Lund, Malmö, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. C iurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Julija Voicehovska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema str. 16, Riga, L-1007, Latvia
- Nephrology and Renal Replacement Therapy Clinics, Riga East University Hospital, Hipokrata str. 2, Riga, LV-1079, Latvia
| | - Elisabetta Bianchini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa (PI), Italy
| | - Rosa-Maria Bruno
- Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peter H. Charlton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, 2 Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrea Grillo
- Medicina Clinica, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Paseo de la Vall d’Hebron, 129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magid Hallab
- Clinique Bizet, 23 Georges Bizet, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Hametner
- Medical Signal Analysis, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Piotr Jankowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 231 Czerniakowska St., 00-416 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karsten Königstein
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health (DSBG) University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lebedeva
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Dresden Heart Centre, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscher str. 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences-Pathophysiology, Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, T. Vladimirescu Street 14, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | - Houry Puzantian
- Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gunay Yetik-Anacak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Kayisdagi Cad. No:32 Atasehir, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chloe Park
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK; and
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Sölvegatan 19 - BMC F12, 221 84 Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Weber
- Cardiology Department, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Grieskirchnerstrasse 42, 4600 Wels, Austria
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16
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McCabe JJ, Evans NR, Gorey S, Bhakta S, Rudd JHF, Kelly PJ. Imaging Carotid Plaque Inflammation Using Positron Emission Tomography: Emerging Role in Clinical Stroke Care, Research Applications, and Future Directions. Cells 2023; 12:2073. [PMID: 37626883 PMCID: PMC10453446 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory condition of the vasculature and a leading cause of stroke. Luminal stenosis severity is an important factor in determining vascular risk. Conventional imaging modalities, such as angiography or duplex ultrasonography, are used to quantify stenosis severity and inform clinical care but provide limited information on plaque biology. Inflammatory processes are central to atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is a validated technique for quantifying plaque inflammation. In this review, we discuss the evolution of FDG-PET as an imaging modality to quantify plaque vulnerability, challenges in standardization of image acquisition and analysis, its potential application to routine clinical care after stroke, and the possible role it will play in future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. McCabe
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicholas R. Evans
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Box 83, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (N.R.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Sarah Gorey
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shiv Bhakta
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Box 83, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (N.R.E.); (S.B.)
| | - James H. F. Rudd
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Peter J. Kelly
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
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Wang X, Nai YH, Gan J, Lian CPL, Ryan FK, Tan FSL, Chan DYS, Ng JJ, Lo ZJ, Chong TT, Hausenloy DJ. Multi-Modality Imaging of Atheromatous Plaques in Peripheral Arterial Disease: Integrating Molecular and Imaging Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11123. [PMID: 37446302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common and debilitating condition characterized by the narrowing of the limb arteries, primarily due to atherosclerosis. Non-invasive multi-modality imaging approaches using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear imaging have emerged as valuable tools for assessing PAD atheromatous plaques and vessel walls. This review provides an overview of these different imaging techniques, their advantages, limitations, and recent advancements. In addition, this review highlights the importance of molecular markers, including those related to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, in PAD pathophysiology. The potential of integrating molecular and imaging markers for an improved understanding of PAD is also discussed. Despite the promise of this integrative approach, there remain several challenges, including technical limitations in imaging modalities and the need for novel molecular marker discovery and validation. Addressing these challenges and embracing future directions in the field will be essential for maximizing the potential of molecular and imaging markers for improving PAD patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Ying-Hwey Nai
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Julian Gan
- Siemens Healthineers, Singapore 348615, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Pei Ling Lian
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Fraser Kirwan Ryan
- Infocomm Technology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Forest Su Lim Tan
- Infocomm Technology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Dexter Yak Seng Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Jun Jie Ng
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Zhiwen Joseph Lo
- Vascular Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Woodlands Health, Singapore 258499, Singapore
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Tze Tec Chong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 168752, Singapore
- Surgical Academic Clinical Programme, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Vascular SingHealth Duke-NUS Disease Centre, Singapore 168752, Singapore
| | - Derek John Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
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18
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Soni SS, D'Elia AM, Rodell CB. Control of the post-infarct immune microenvironment through biotherapeutic and biomaterial-based approaches. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1983-2014. [PMID: 36763330 PMCID: PMC9913034 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart failure (IHF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, for which heart transplantation remains the only definitive treatment. IHF manifests from myocardial infarction (MI) that initiates tissue remodeling processes, mediated by mechanical changes in the tissue (loss of contractility, softening of the myocardium) that are interdependent with cellular mechanisms (cardiomyocyte death, inflammatory response). The early remodeling phase is characterized by robust inflammation that is necessary for tissue debridement and the initiation of repair processes. While later transition toward an immunoregenerative function is desirable, functional reorientation from an inflammatory to reparatory environment is often lacking, trapping the heart in a chronically inflamed state that perpetuates cardiomyocyte death, ventricular dilatation, excess fibrosis, and progressive IHF. Therapies can redirect the immune microenvironment, including biotherapeutic and biomaterial-based approaches. In this review, we outline these existing approaches, with a particular focus on the immunomodulatory effects of therapeutics (small molecule drugs, biomolecules, and cell or cell-derived products). Cardioprotective strategies, often focusing on immunosuppression, have shown promise in pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, immunoregenerative therapies are emerging that often benefit from exacerbating early inflammation. Biomaterials can be used to enhance these therapies as a result of their intrinsic immunomodulatory properties, parallel mechanisms of action (e.g., mechanical restraint), or by enabling cell or tissue-targeted delivery. We further discuss translatability and the continued progress of technologies and procedures that contribute to the bench-to-bedside development of these critically needed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya S Soni
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arielle M D'Elia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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19
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Hurstel M, Joly L, Imbert L, Zimmermann G, Roch V, Schoepfer P, Lamiral Z, Salvi P, Benetos A, Verger A, Marie PY. Volume of the proximal half of the thoracic aorta is the most comprehensive FDG-PET/CT indicator of arterial aging throughout adulthood. Eur J Hybrid Imaging 2023; 7:11. [PMID: 37369917 DOI: 10.1186/s41824-023-00169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and computed tomography (CT) features of the proximal and more elastic half of the thoracic aorta are known to correlate with aorta stiffness in older populations. This prospective study aimed to analyze the changes in these FDG-PET/CT features between young, middle-aged, and older adults, and investigate associations with arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP). METHODS Young (< 40 years), middle-aged (40-to-60 years), and older (> 60 years) adults, who underwent an FDG-PET/CT, were prospectively recruited. FDG-PET/CT features of the proximal half of the thoracic aorta were analyzed relative to the age categories, BP and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a reference indicator of aorta stiffness. RESULTS We included 79 patients (38 women; 22 young, 19 middle-aged, and 38 older adults). An increase in age category was associated with increases in mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) of blood and aorta and most significantly in aorta SUV heterogeneity, represented by SUV standard deviation (SUV-SD), aorta calcification volume, and the aorta volume indexed to body surface area. However, this indexed aorta volume was the sole variable: (i) exhibiting a stepwise increase from young (median: 25 cm3/m2 [interquartile range: 20-28 cm3/m2]), to middle-aged (41 [30-48] cm3/m2, p < 0.001 vs. Young), and older (62 [44-70] cm3/m2, p < 0.001 vs. middle-age) adults, and (ii) selected in the multivariate predictions of systolic, diastolic, and pulse BP. Indexed aorta volume was also a multivariate predictor of PWV but in association with SUV-SD and hypertension. CONCLUSION In a population of patients referred to an FDG-PET/CT investigation, the indexed volume of the proximal and more elastic half of the thoracic aorta is the most comprehensive indicator of arterial aging. This imaging parameter exhibits a stepwise increase from young to middle-aged and older adults, is strongly linked to inter-individual changes in both arterial stiffness and BP, and thus, could help assess the early phases of arterial aging. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03345290. Registered 17 November 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03345290?term=NCT03345290&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Hurstel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Laure Joly
- Geriatric Department, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- INSERM, DCAC, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laetitia Imbert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Gaetan Zimmermann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Véronique Roch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Pauline Schoepfer
- Geriatric Department, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- INSERM, CIC 1433, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Paolo Salvi
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Athanase Benetos
- Geriatric Department, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- INSERM, DCAC, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Antoine Verger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Marie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France.
- INSERM, DCAC, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital de Brabois, CHRU-Nancy, rue Morvan, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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20
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Sánchez-Cabo F, Fuster V, Silla-Castro JC, González G, Lorenzo-Vivas E, Alvarez R, Callejas S, Benguría A, Gil E, Núñez E, Oliva B, Mendiguren JM, Cortes-Canteli M, Bueno H, Andrés V, Ordovás JM, Fernández-Friera L, Quesada AJ, Garcia JM, Rossello X, Vázquez J, Dopazo A, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ibáñez B, Fuster JJ, Lara-Pezzi E. Subclinical atherosclerosis and accelerated epigenetic age mediated by inflammation: a multi-omics study. Eur Heart J 2023:ehad361. [PMID: 37339167 PMCID: PMC10393076 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epigenetic age is emerging as a personalized and accurate predictor of biological age. The aim of this article is to assess the association of subclinical atherosclerosis with accelerated epigenetic age and to investigate the underlying mechanisms mediating this association. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole blood methylomics, transcriptomics, and plasma proteomics were obtained for 391 participants of the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis study. Epigenetic age was calculated from methylomics data for each participant. Its divergence from chronological age is termed epigenetic age acceleration. Subclinical atherosclerosis burden was estimated by multi-territory 2D/3D vascular ultrasound and by coronary artery calcification. In healthy individuals, the presence, extension, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis were associated with a significant acceleration of the Grim epigenetic age, a predictor of health and lifespan, regardless of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Individuals with an accelerated Grim epigenetic age were characterized by an increased systemic inflammation and associated with a score of low-grade, chronic inflammation. Mediation analysis using transcriptomics and proteomics data revealed key pro-inflammatory pathways (IL6, Inflammasome, and IL10) and genes (IL1B, OSM, TLR5, and CD14) mediating the association between subclinical atherosclerosis and epigenetic age acceleration. CONCLUSION The presence, extension, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged asymptomatic individuals are associated with an acceleration in the Grim epigenetic age. Mediation analysis using transcriptomics and proteomics data suggests a key role of systemic inflammation in this association, reinforcing the relevance of interventions on inflammation to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Valentín Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute/Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy. Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Silla-Castro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema González
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Erika Lorenzo-Vivas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvarez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguría
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gil
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Núñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Oliva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Cortes-Canteli
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Bueno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avda. de Córdoba, s/n 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Jose María Ordovás
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Obesity Research Program, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carr. de Canto Blanco, nº 8 E, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- HM Hospitales-Centro Integral de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares HM CIEC, Av. de Montepríncipe, 25, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Quesada
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Garcia
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Oviedo, Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Asturias, Spain
| | - Xavier Rossello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Hospital Universitari Son Espases-IDISBA, Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca, Islas Baleares (Balearic Islands), Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Javier Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
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21
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Wen N, Li J, Zhang W, Li P, Yin X, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. Monitoring the Progression of Early Atherosclerosis Using a Fluorescence Nanoprobe for the Detection and Imaging of Phosphorylation and Glucose Levels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302161. [PMID: 37072376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the early stage of atherosclerosis (AS) without plaque formation is of great significance. Herein, we developed a metal organic framework (MOF)-based fluorescence nanoprobe to analyze the progression of AS by assessing the levels of protein phosphorylation and glucose in blood and tissue. The probe was prepared by post-modification of the MOF with iodine (I3 - )-rhodamine B (RhB) associate, which realizes the specific recognition of target object through the metal joint ZrIV and I3 - -RhB, respectively. We investigated different stages of target object changes in the early non-plaque stage of AS in blood. It was found that the levels of phosphate and glucose in the blood were higher than those of the normal mice. The results of two-photon images showed that early AS mice had higher levels of protein phosphorylation and glucose than that of the normal mice. The present study provides a suitable fluorescence tool for further revealing the pathogenesis and progression of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
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22
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Toivonen S, Lehtinen M, Raivio P, Sinisalo J, Loimaala A, Uusitalo V. The Presence of Residual Vascular and Adipose Tissue Inflammation on 18F-FDG PET in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 57:117-125. [PMID: 37181800 PMCID: PMC10172407 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-022-00785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the residual vascular and adipose tissue inflammation in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) using positron emission tomography (PET). Methods Our study population consisted of 98 patients with known CAD and 94 control subjects who had undergone 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET due to non-cardiac reasons. Aortic root and vena cava superior 18F-FDG uptake were measured to obtain the aortic root target-to-background ratio (TBR). In addition, adipose tissue PET measurements were done in pericoronary, epicardial, subcutaneous, and thoracic adipose tissue. Adipose tissue TBR was calculated using the left atrium as a reference region. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as median (interquartile range). Results The aortic root TBR was higher in CAD patients compared to control subjects, 1.68 (1.55-1.81) vs. 1.53 (1.43-1.64), p < 0.001. Subcutaneous adipose tissue uptake was elevated in CAD patients 0.30 (0.24-0.35) vs. 0.27 (0.23-0.31), p < 0.001. Metabolic activity of CAD patients and control subjects was comparable in the pericoronary (0.81 ± 0.18 vs. 0.80 ± 0.16, p = 0.59), epicardial (0.53 ± 0.21 vs. 0.51 ± 0.18, p = 0.38) and thoracic (0.31 ± 0.12 vs. 0.28 ± 0.12, p = 0.21) adipose tissue regions. Aortic root or adipose tissue 18F-FDG uptake was not associated with the common CAD risk factors, coronary calcium score, or aortic calcium score (p value > 0.05). Conclusion Patients with a chronic CAD had a higher aortic root and subcutaneous adipose tissue 18F-FDG uptake compared to control patients, which suggests residual inflammatory risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Toivonen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Paciuksenkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Lehtinen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Raivio
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Loimaala
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Paciuksenkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valtteri Uusitalo
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Paciuksenkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Bianchini E, Lønnebakken MT, Wohlfahrt P, Piskin S, Terentes‐Printzios D, Alastruey J, Guala A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography for the Noninvasive Assessment of Arterial Aging: A Review by the VascAgeNet COST Action. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027414. [PMID: 37183857 PMCID: PMC10227315 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography allow the characterization of arterial state and function with high confidence and thus play a key role in the understanding of arterial aging and its translation into the clinic. Decades of research into the development of innovative imaging sequences and image analysis techniques have led to the identification of a large number of potential biomarkers, some bringing improvement in basic science, others in clinical practice. Nonetheless, the complexity of some of these biomarkers and the image analysis techniques required for their computation hamper their widespread use. In this narrative review, current biomarkers related to aging of the aorta, their founding principles, the sequence, and postprocessing required, and their predictive values for cardiovascular events are summarized. For each biomarker a summary of reference values and reproducibility studies and limitations is provided. The present review, developed in the COST Action VascAgeNet, aims to guide clinicians and technical researchers in the critical understanding of the possibilities offered by these advanced imaging modalities for studying the state and function of the aorta, and their possible clinically relevant relationships with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mai Tone Lønnebakken
- Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Heart DiseaseHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Peter Wohlfahrt
- Department of Preventive CardiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
- Centre for Cardiovascular PreventionCharles University Medical School I and Thomayer HospitalPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Medicine IICharles University in Prague, First Faculty of MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Senol Piskin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIstinye UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Modeling, Simulation and Extended Reality LaboratoryIstinye UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Dimitrios Terentes‐Printzios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Athens Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER‐CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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24
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Senders ML, Calcagno C, Tawakol A, Nahrendorf M, Mulder WJM, Fayad ZA. PET/MR imaging of inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:202-220. [PMID: 36522465 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, stroke, mental disorders, neurodegenerative processes, autoimmune diseases, cancer and the human immunodeficiency virus impact the haematopoietic system, which through immunity and inflammation may aggravate pre-existing atherosclerosis. The interplay between the haematopoietic system and its modulation of atherosclerosis has been studied by imaging the cardiovascular system and the activation of haematopoietic organs via scanners integrating positron emission tomography and resonance imaging (PET/MRI). In this Perspective, we review the applicability of integrated whole-body PET/MRI for the study of immune-mediated phenomena associated with haematopoietic activity and cardiovascular disease, and discuss the translational opportunities and challenges of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Senders
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Gbotosho OT, Gollamudi J, Hyacinth HI. The Role of Inflammation in The Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiopulmonary Complications of Sickle Cell Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:381. [PMID: 36830749 PMCID: PMC9953727 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary complications remain the major cause of mortality despite newer therapies and improvements in the lifespan of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Inflammation has been identified as a major risk modifier in the pathogenesis of SCD-associated cardiopulmonary complications in recent mechanistic and observational studies. In this review, we discuss recent cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiopulmonary complications in SCD and summarize the most recent evidence from clinical and laboratory studies. We emphasize the role of inflammation in the onset and progression of these complications to better understand the underlying pathobiological processes. We also discuss future basic and translational research in addressing questions about the complex role of inflammation in the development of SCD cardiopulmonary complications, which may lead to promising therapies and reduce morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwabukola T. Gbotosho
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0525, USA
| | - Jahnavi Gollamudi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, 3125 Eden Avenue, ML 0562, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0562, USA
| | - Hyacinth I. Hyacinth
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0525, USA
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26
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Guo X, Ma L. Inflammation in coronary artery disease-clinical implications of novel HDL-cholesterol-related inflammatory parameters as predictors. Coron Artery Dis 2023; 34:66-77. [PMID: 36317383 PMCID: PMC9742007 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Inflammation and atherosclerotic plaques are the primary pathological mechanisms of CAD. Upon stimulation by deposited lipids and damaged endothelium, innate and adaptive immune cells are activated and recruited to initiate plaque development. Therefore, inflammatory cells and mediators are used to identify inflammatory risk in CAD patients. HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) is demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory roles in atherosclerosis by interfering with plasma membrane lipid rafts of immune cells. Based on this, novel inflammatory parameters such as monocyte to HDL-C ratio are explored to improve the risk estimation of CAD prognosis. Moreover, with the advance in treatment strategies targeting the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis, identifying CAD patients with increased inflammatory risk by novel inflammatory parameters is of great importance in guiding CAD management. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current information regarding inflammatory activation and HDL-C in atherosclerosis with a particular focus on the clinical implication of the novel HDL-C-related inflammatory parameters in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuantong Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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27
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Kirienko M, Erba PA, Chiti A, Sollini M. Hybrid PET/MRI in Infection and Inflammation: An Update About the Latest Available Literature Evidence. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:107-124. [PMID: 36369091 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PET/MRI has been reported to be promising in the diagnosis and evaluation of infection and inflammation including brain disorders, bone and soft tissue infections and inflammations, cardiovascular, abdominal, and systemic diseases. However, evidence came out manly from anecdotal cases or small cohorts. The present review aimed to update the latest available evidence about the role of PET/MRI in infection and inflammation. The search (January, 1 2018-July, 8 2022) on PubMed produced 504 results. Sixty-five articles were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis. The number of publications on PET/MRI in the 3 years 2018-2020 was comparable, while it increased in 2021 and 2022 (from 11 to 17 and 15, respectively). [18F]FDG and 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 were the most frequently used (42/65) and innovative radiopharmaceuticals, respectively. [18F]fluoride (9/65), translocator protein (TSPO)-targeted PET agents (6/65), CXCR4 receptor targeting tracer and β-amyloid plaques binding radiopharmaceuticals (2/65 and 2/65, respectively) were also used. Most PET/MRI studies in the period 2018-2022 focused on inflammation (55/65), and cardiovascular diseases represented the most frequent field of interest (30/65), also when considering each year singularly. An increasing trend in bone and joint publications was observed in the considered period (12/65). Other topics included neurology (11/65), inflammatory bowel disease (8/65), and other (4/65). PET/MRI technology demonstrated to be useful in infection and inflammation, being superior to each single modality and/or facilitating diagnosis in a number of conditions (eg, cardiac sarcoidosis, myocarditis, endocarditis), and/or allowing to provide insightful information about disease biology and apply innovative radiopharmaceuticals (eg, neurology, atherosclerosis). Publications focused on PET/MRI in large vessel vasculitis and aortic diseases include both diagnostic and discovery objectives. The current review corroborates the potential of PET/MRI - combining in a single examination the high soft tissue contrast, high resolution, and functional information of MRI, with molecular data provided by PET technology - to positively impact on the management of infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola A Erba
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Arturo Chiti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Sollini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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28
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Haider A, Bengs S, Gebhard C, Fiechter M. Hybrid positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in carotid atherosclerosis: Not ready for prime time? J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:3458-3460. [PMID: 33145739 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Haider
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Susan Bengs
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Gebhard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michael Fiechter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
- Swiss Paraplegic Center, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland.
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29
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Almas T, Haider R, Malik J, Mehmood A, Alvi A, Naz H, Satti DI, Zaidi SMJ, AlSubai AK, AlNajdi S, Alsufyani R, Ramtohul RK, Almesri A, Alsufyani M, H. Al-Bunnia A, Alghamdi HAS, Sattar Y, Alraies MC, Raina S. Nanotechnology in interventional cardiology: A state-of-the-art review. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2022; 43:101149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Fayad ZA, Calcagno C. Exploring Atherosclerosis Imaging With FDG-PET in Motion. JACC. CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2022; 15:2109-2111. [PMID: 36481079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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31
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Patrick MT, Li Q, Wasikowski R, Mehta N, Gudjonsson JE, Elder JT, Zhou X, Tsoi LC. Shared genetic risk factors and causal association between psoriasis and coronary artery disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6565. [PMID: 36323703 PMCID: PMC9630428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are related comorbidities that are well established, but whether a genetic basis underlies this is not well studied. We apply trans-disease meta-analysis to 11,024 psoriasis and 60,801 CAD cases, along with their associated controls, identifying one opposing and three shared genetic loci, which are confirmed through colocalization analysis. Combining results from Bayesian credible interval analysis with independent information from genomic, epigenomic, and spatial chromatin organization, we prioritize genes (including IFIH1 and IL23A) that have implications for common molecular mechanisms involved in psoriasis and CAD inflammatory signaling. Chronic systemic inflammation has been associated with CAD and myocardial infarction, and Mendelian randomization analysis finds that CAD as an exposure can have a significant causal effect on psoriasis (OR = 1.11; p = 3×10-6) following adjustment for BMI and waist-hip ratio. Together, these findings suggest that systemic inflammation which causes CAD can increase the risk of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Patrick
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Qinmengge Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Rachael Wasikowski
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Nehal Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Michigan, MD, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
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32
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Zhang W, Li J, Zhao N, Li P, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. Ratiometric fluorescence biosensor for imaging of protein phosphorylation levels in atherosclerosis mice. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1208:339825. [PMID: 35525587 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and peripheral vascular disease, which is an important disease threatening human health. Abnormal levels of protein phosphorylation are closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases. Herein, the ratiometric fluorescence nanosensor (PCN/W- B@BSA) was prepared by using metal-organic frameworks (PCN-224) and fluorescent nanocluster wool-balls, which was applied for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of protein phosphorylation level in the AS mice model. Specific recognition of phosphorylation sites was achieved via specific interaction between active center Zr(IV) and phosphate. Using the two-photon property of porphyrin, the background is significantly reduced, and the sensitivity of imaging analysis is improved by combining with ratio imaging. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to modify the surface of the nanosensor to reduce the non-specific adsorption and improve the biocompatibility of the nanosensor. Finally, the fluorescence nanosensor was successfully apply to fluorescence imaging of protein phosphorylation level in AS mice model, and the results showed that the protein phosphorylation level in the AS mice model was lower than that of the normal mice. The present study provides suitable fluorescence tool for further revealing phosphorylation related signaling pathways and disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Jin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Na Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
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Georgakis MK, Bernhagen J, Heitman LH, Weber C, Dichgans M. Targeting the CCL2-CCR2 axis for atheroprotection. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1799-1808. [PMID: 35567558 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have established atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disease. Only recently though, clinical trials provided proof-of-concept evidence for the efficacy of anti-inflammatory strategies with respect to cardiovascular events, thus offering a new paradigm for lowering residual vascular risk. Efforts to target the inflammasome-interleukin-1β-interleukin-6 pathway have been highly successful, but inter-individual variations in drug response, a lack of reduction in all-cause mortality, and a higher rate of infections also highlight the need for a second generation of anti-inflammatory agents targeting atherosclerosis-specific immune mechanisms while minimizing systemic side effects. CC-motif chemokine ligand 2/monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) orchestrates inflammatory monocyte trafficking between the bone marrow, circulation, and atherosclerotic plaques by binding to its cognate receptor CCR2. Adding to a strong body of data from experimental atherosclerosis models, a coherent series of recent large-scale genetic and observational epidemiological studies along with data from human atherosclerotic plaques highlight the relevance and therapeutic potential of the CCL2-CCR2 axis in human atherosclerosis. Here, we summarize experimental and human data pinpointing the CCL2-CCR2 pathway as an emerging drug target in cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we contextualize previous efforts to interfere with this pathway, scrutinize approaches of ligand targeting vs. receptor targeting, and discuss possible pathway-intrinsic opportunities and challenges related to pharmacological targeting of the CCL2-CCR2 axis in human atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios K Georgakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Center of Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Germany
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
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Devesa A, Lobo-González M, Martínez-Milla J, Oliva B, García-Lunar I, Mastrangelo A, España S, Sanz J, Mendiguren JM, Bueno H, Fuster JJ, Andrés V, Fernández-Ortiz A, Sancho D, Fernández-Friera L, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Rossello X, Ibanez B, Fuster V. Bone marrow activation in response to metabolic syndrome and early atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1809-1828. [PMID: 35567559 PMCID: PMC9113301 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Experimental studies suggest that increased bone marrow (BM) activity is involved in the association between cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in atherosclerosis. However, human data to support this association are sparse. The purpose was to study the association between cardiovascular risk factors, BM activation, and subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole body vascular 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) was performed in 745 apparently healthy individuals [median age 50.5 (46.8-53.6) years, 83.8% men] from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study. Bone marrow activation (defined as BM 18F-FDG uptake above the median maximal standardized uptake value) was assessed in the lumbar vertebrae (L3-L4). Systemic inflammation was indexed from circulating biomarkers. Early atherosclerosis was evaluated by arterial metabolic activity by 18F-FDG uptake in five vascular territories. Late atherosclerosis was evaluated by fully formed plaques on MRI. Subjects with BM activation were more frequently men (87.6 vs. 80.0%, P = 0.005) and more frequently had metabolic syndrome (MetS) (22.2 vs. 6.7%, P < 0.001). Bone marrow activation was significantly associated with all MetS components. Bone marrow activation was also associated with increased haematopoiesis-characterized by significantly elevated leucocyte (mainly neutrophil and monocytes) and erythrocyte counts-and with markers of systemic inflammation including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin, fibrinogen, P-selectin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The associations between BM activation and MetS (and its components) and increased erythropoiesis were maintained in the subgroup of participants with no systemic inflammation. Bone marrow activation was significantly associated with high arterial metabolic activity (18F-FDG uptake). The co-occurrence of BM activation and arterial 18F-FDG uptake was associated with more advanced atherosclerosis (i.e. plaque presence and burden). CONCLUSION In apparently healthy individuals, BM 18F-FDG uptake is associated with MetS and its components, even in the absence of systemic inflammation, and with elevated counts of circulating leucocytes. Bone marrow activation is associated with early atherosclerosis, characterized by high arterial metabolic activity. Bone marrow activation appears to be an early phenomenon in atherosclerosis development.[Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA); NCT01410318].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Devesa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manuel Lobo-González
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Juan Martínez-Milla
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Oliva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Inés García-Lunar
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Annalaura Mastrangelo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Samuel España
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sanz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hector Bueno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, and i+12 Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose J Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe-CIEC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Rossello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases-IDISBA, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), c/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Farias-Itao DS, Pasqualucci CA, de Andrade RA, da Silva LFF, Yahagi-Estevam M, Lage SHG, Leite REP, Campo AB, Suemoto CK. Macrophage Polarization in the Perivascular Fat Was Associated With Coronary Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023274. [PMID: 35229617 PMCID: PMC9075275 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation of the perivascular adipose tissue (PvAT) may be related to atherosclerosis; however, the association of polarized macrophages in the pericoronary PvAT with measurements of atherosclerosis components in humans has not been fully investigated. Methods and Results Coronary arteries were dissected with surrounding PvAT. We evaluated the percentage of arterial obstruction, intima-media thickness, fibrous cap thickness, plaque components, and the number of vasa vasorum. The number of proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages in the periplaque and control PvAT were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables were used. In 319 segments from 82 individuals, we found a correlation of the M1/M2 macrophage density ratio with an increase in arterial obstruction (P=0.02) and lipid content (P=0.01), and a decrease in smooth muscle cells (P=0.02). M1 and the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages were associated with an increased risk of thrombosis (P=0.03). In plaques with thrombosis, M1 macrophages were correlated with a decrease in fibrous cap thickness (P=0.006), an increase in lipid content (P=0.008), and the number of vasa vasorum in the adventitia layer (P=0.001). M2 macrophages were correlated with increased arterial obstruction (P=0.01), calcification (P=0.02), necrosis (P=0.03) only in plaques without thrombosis, and decrease of the number of vasa vasorum in plaques with thrombosis (P=0.003). Conclusions M1 macrophages in the periplaque PvAT were associated with a higher risk of coronary thrombosis and were correlated with histological components of plaque progression and destabilization. M2 macrophages were correlated with plaque size, calcification, necrotic content, and a decrease in the number of vasa vasorum in the adventitia layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Araújo de Andrade
- Control and Automation Engineering Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Brincalepe Campo
- Control and Automation Engineering Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Department of Pathology University of Sao Paulo Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil.,Discipline of Geriatrics University of Sao Paulo Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil
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36
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Luo F, Oldoni F, Das A. TM6SF2: A Novel Genetic Player in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver and Cardiovascular Disease. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:448-460. [PMID: 34532996 PMCID: PMC8870032 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) is located on chromosome 19 (19p12) and encodes for a protein of undetermined function. Genetic studies have reported the association between a nonsynonymous variant in TM6SF2 (E167K, rs58542926) with hepatic triglyceride content and its impact on the cardiovascular system. Clinical and epidemiological studies have confirmed the role of TM6SF2 in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, TM6SF2 was also shown to play an important role in promoting hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular cancer in mouse models. This review aims to capture the physiological role of TM6SF2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism and its involvement in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
| | - Federico Oldoni
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
| | - Avash Das
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
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37
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Wu NQ, Shi HW, Li JJ. Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 and Inflammation: An Updated Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:763516. [PMID: 35252378 PMCID: PMC8894439 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.763516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9), a novel plasma protein, has mainly been involved in cholesterol metabolism in the liver, while, more interestingly, recent data have shown that PCSK9 also took part in the modulation of inflammation, which appeared to be another explanation for the reduction of cardiovascular risk by PCSK9 inhibition besides its significant effect on lowering lower-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration. Overall, a series of previous studies suggested an association of PCSK9 with inflammation. Firstly, PCSK9 is able to induce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages and in other various tissues and elevated serum PCSK9 levels could be observed in pro-inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis, acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Secondly, detailed signaling pathway studies indicated that PCSK9 positively regulated toll-like receptor 4 expression and inflammatory cytokines expression followed by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activation, together with apoptosis and autophagy progression. Besides, PCSK9 enhanced and interacted with scavenger receptors (SRs) of inflammatory mediators like lectin-like oxidized-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) to promote inflammatory response. Additionally, several studies also suggested that the role of PCSK9 in atherogenesis was intertwined with inflammation and the interacting effect shown between PCSK9 and LOX-1 was involved in the inflammatory response of atherosclerosis. Finally, emerging clinical trials indicated that PCSK9 inhibitors could reduce more events in patients with ACS accompanied by increased inflammatory status, which might be involved in its attenuating impact on arterial plaque. Hence, further understanding of the relationship between PCSK9 and inflammation would be necessary to help prevent and manage the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) clinically. This review article will update the recent advances in the link of PCSK9 with inflammation.
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38
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Parel PM, Berg AR, Hong CG, Florida EM, O'Hagan R, Sorokin AV, Mehta NN. Updates in the Impact of Chronic Systemic Inflammation on Vascular Inflammation by Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:317-326. [PMID: 35171444 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we focus on the clinical and epidemiological studies pertaining to systemic and vascular inflammation by positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and psoriasis to highlight the importance of chronic systemic inflammation on vascular inflammation by PET in these disease states. RECENT FINDINGS Recent clinical and translation advancements have demonstrated the durable relationship between chronic systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In chronic inflammatory states, this relationship is robustly evident in the form of increased vascular inflammation, yet traditional risk estimates often underestimate the subclinical cardiovascular risk conferred by chronic inflammation. PET has emerged as a novel, non-invasive imaging modality capable of both quantifying the degree of systemic and vascular inflammation and detecting residual inflammation prior to cardiovascular events. We begin by demonstrating the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, discussing how PET has been utilized to measure systemic and vascular inflammation and their effect on subclinical atherosclerosis, and finally reviewing recent applications of PET in constructing improved risk stratification for patients at high risk for stroke and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Parel
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander R Berg
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christin G Hong
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Florida
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander V Sorokin
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Clinical Research Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Stacy MR. Molecular Imaging of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: An Emerging Field in Nuclear Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:793975. [PMID: 35096884 PMCID: PMC8789656 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.793975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disorder of non-coronary arteries that is associated with vascular stenosis and/or occlusion. PAD affecting the lower extremities is characterized by a variety of health-related consequences, including lifestyle-limiting intermittent claudication, ulceration of the limbs and/or feet, increased risk for lower extremity amputation, and increased mortality. The diagnosis of lower extremity PAD is typically established by using non-invasive tests such as the ankle-brachial index, toe-brachial index, duplex ultrasound, and/or angiography imaging studies. While these common diagnostic tools provide hemodynamic and anatomical vascular assessments, the potential for non-invasive physiological assessment of the lower extremities has more recently emerged through the use of magnetic resonance- and nuclear medicine-based approaches, which can provide insight into the functional consequences of PAD-related limb ischemia. This perspectives article specifically highlights and discusses the emerging applications of clinical nuclear medicine techniques for molecular imaging investigations in the setting of lower extremity PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchel R Stacy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Vascular Diseases and Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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40
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Hu Q, Fang Z, Ge J, Li H. Nanotechnology for Cardiovascular Diseases. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100214. [PMID: 35243468 PMCID: PMC8866095 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become the major killers in today's world, among which coronary artery diseases (CADs) make the greatest contributions to morbidity and mortality. Although state-of-the-art technologies have increased our knowledge of the cardiovascular system, the current diagnosis and treatment modalities for CADs still have limitations. As an emerging cross-disciplinary approach, nanotechnology has shown great potential for clinical use. In this review, recent advances in nanotechnology in the diagnosis of CADs will first be elucidated. Both the sensitivity and specificity of biosensors for biomarker detection and molecular imaging strategies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, nuclear scintigraphy, and multimodal imaging strategies, have been greatly increased with the assistance of nanomaterials. Second, various nanomaterials, such as liposomes, polymers (PLGA), inorganic nanoparticles (AuNPs, MnO2, etc.), natural nanoparticles (HDL, HA), and biomimetic nanoparticles (cell-membrane coating) will be discussed as engineered as drug (chemicals, proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) carriers targeting pathological sites based on their optimal physicochemical properties and surface modification potential. Finally, some of these nanomaterials themselves are regarded as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of atherosclerosis because of their intrinsic antioxidative/anti-inflammatory and photoelectric/photothermal characteristics in a complex plaque microenvironment. In summary, novel nanotechnology-based research in the process of clinical transformation could continue to expand the horizon of nanoscale technologies in the diagnosis and therapy of CADs in the foreseeable future. Nanotechnology represents new viable approaches for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide Nanotechnology-assisted biosensing and molecular imaging can improve the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases Nanomaterials enable targeted drug delivery or directly exert therapeutic action for cardiovascular system, based on their physicochemical properties and surface modification
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41
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Barbu E, Popescu MR, Popescu AC, Balanescu SM. Inflammation as A Precursor of Atherothrombosis, Diabetes and Early Vascular Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:963. [PMID: 35055149 PMCID: PMC8778078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular disease was for a long time considered a disease of the old age, but it is becoming increasingly clear that a cumulus of factors can cause early vascular aging (EVA). Inflammation plays a key role in vascular stiffening and also in other pathologies that induce vascular damage. There is a known and confirmed connection between inflammation and atherosclerosis. However, it has taken a long time to prove the beneficial effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on cardiovascular events. Diabetes can be both a product of inflammation and a cofactor implicated in the progression of vascular disease. When diabetes and inflammation are accompanied by obesity, this ominous trifecta leads to an increased incidence of atherothrombotic events. Research into earlier stages of vascular disease, and documentation of vulnerability to premature vascular disease, might be the key to success in preventing clinical events. Modulation of inflammation, combined with strict control of classical cardiovascular risk factors, seems to be the winning recipe. Identification of population subsets with a successful vascular aging (supernormal vascular aging-SUPERNOVA) pattern could also bring forth novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihaela-Roxana Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (S.-M.B.)
| | - Andreea-Catarina Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (S.-M.B.)
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42
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Giannotti N, McNulty J, Foley S, McCabe J, Barry M, Crowe M, Dolan E, Harbison J, Horgan G, Kavanagh E, O'Connell M, Marnane M, Murphy S, Donnell CM, O'Donohoe M, Williams D, Kelly PJ. Association Between 18-FDG Positron Emission Tomography and MRI Biomarkers of Plaque Vulnerability in Patients With Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis. Front Neurol 2022; 12:731744. [PMID: 35002912 PMCID: PMC8732361 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.731744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Pathologic studies suggest that unstable plaque morphology and inflammation are associated with cerebrovascular events. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET) is a validated technique for non-invasive imaging of inflammation-related plaque metabolism, and MRI can identify morphologic features of plaque instability. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of selected imaging characteristics of plaque vulnerability measured with MRI and PET in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. Methods: Patients from the BIOVASC study were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) age ≥ 50 years; (2) recent (<30 days) ischaemic stroke (modified Rankin scale ≤3) or motor/speech/vision TIA; (3) ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (≥5 0% lumen-narrowing); (4) carotid PET/CTA and MRI completed. Semi-automated plaque analysis of MRI images was performed to quantify morphologic features of plaque instability. PET images were co-registered with CTA and inflammation-related metabolism expressed as maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax). Results: Twenty-five patients met inclusion criteria (72% men, mean age 65 years). MRI-measured plaque volume was greater in men (1,708–1,286 mm3, p = 0.03), patients who qualified with stroke (1,856–1,440 mm3, p = 0.05), and non-statin users (1,325–1,797 mm3, p = 0.03). SUVmax was associated with MRI-measured plaque lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) in the corresponding axial slice (rs = 0.64, p < 0.001) and was inversely associated with whole-plaque fibrous cap thickness (rs = −0.4, p = 0.02) and calcium volume (rs = −0.4, p = 0.03). Conclusion: This study demonstrated novel correlations of non-invasive imaging biomarkers of inflammation-related plaque metabolism with morphological MRI markers of plaque instability. If replicated, our findings may support the application of combined MRI and PET to detect vulnerable plaque in future clinical practise and randomised trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shane Foley
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John McCabe
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Neurovascular Unit for Translational and Therapeutics Research, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marey Barry
- Vascular Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Morgan Crowe
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Medicine for the Elderly, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Stroke Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon Dolan
- Stroke and Hypertension Unit, Connolly Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph Harbison
- Acute Stroke Service, St. James Hospital Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian Horgan
- Health Research Board (HRB) Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Kavanagh
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin O'Connell
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Marnane
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Neurovascular Unit for Translational and Therapeutics Research, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean Murphy
- Neurovascular Unit for Translational and Therapeutics Research, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciaran Mc Donnell
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin O'Donohoe
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Williams
- Geriatric Medicine, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter J Kelly
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Neurovascular Unit for Translational and Therapeutics Research, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Acute Stroke Service, St. James Hospital Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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43
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Innate immune cells in the pathophysiology of calcific aortic valve disease: lessons to be learned from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:28. [PMID: 35581364 PMCID: PMC9114076 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular disease in the developed world with currently no effective pharmacological treatment available. CAVD results from a complex, multifactorial process, in which valvular inflammation and fibro-calcific remodelling lead to valve thickening and cardiac outflow obstruction. The exact underlying pathophysiology of CAVD is still not fully understood, yet the development of CAVD shows many similarities with the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), such as coronary artery disease. Innate immune cells play a crucial role in ASCVD and might also play a pivotal role in the development of CAVD. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of innate immune cells, both in the circulation and in the aortic valve, in the development of CAVD and the similarities and differences with ASCVD. Trained immunity and clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential are proposed as novel immunological mechanisms that possibly contribute to the pathophysiology of CAVD and new possible treatment targets are discussed.
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Bönner F, Gastl M, Nienhaus F, Rothe M, Jahn A, Pfeiler S, Gross U, Schultheiss HP, Ibanez B, Kozerke S, Szendroedi J, Roden M, Westenfeld R, Schrader J, Flögel U, Heusch G, Kelm M. Regional analysis of inflammation and contractile function in reperfused acute myocardial infarction by in vivo 19F cardiovascular magnetic resonance in pigs. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:21. [PMID: 35389088 PMCID: PMC8989832 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cell infiltration is central to healing after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The relation of regional inflammation to edema, infarct size (IS), microvascular obstruction (MVO), intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH), and regional and global LV function is not clear. Here we noninvasively characterized regional inflammation and contractile function in reperfused AMI in pigs using fluorine (19F) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Adult anesthetized pigs underwent left anterior descending coronary artery instrumentation with either 90 min occlusion (n = 17) or without occlusion (sham, n = 5). After 3 days, in surviving animals a perfluorooctyl bromide nanoemulsion was infused intravenously to label monocytes/macrophages. At day 6, in vivo 1H-CMR was performed with cine, T2 and T2* weighted imaging, T2 and T1 mapping, perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement followed by 19F-CMR. Pigs were sacrificed for subsequent ex vivo scans and histology. Edema extent was 35 ± 8% and IS was 22 ± 6% of LV mass. Six of ten surviving AMI animals displayed both MVO and IMH (3.3 ± 1.6% and 1.9 ± 0.8% of LV mass). The 19F signal, reflecting the presence and density of monocytes/macrophages, was consistently smaller than edema volume or IS and not apparent in remote areas. The 19F signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) > 8 in the infarct border zone was associated with impaired remote systolic wall thickening. A whole heart value of 19F integral (19F SNR × milliliter) > 200 was related to initial LV remodeling independently of edema, IS, MVO, and IMH. Thus, 19F-CMR quantitatively characterizes regional inflammation after AMI and its relation to edema, IS, MVO, IMH and regional and global LV function and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bönner
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - M Gastl
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F Nienhaus
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Rothe
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Jahn
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Central Animal Research Facility, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Pfeiler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U Gross
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - H-P Schultheiss
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - B Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Szendroedi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Westenfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U Flögel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - M Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Multi-targeted 1H/ 19F MRI unmasks specific danger patterns for emerging cardiovascular disorders. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5847. [PMID: 34615876 PMCID: PMC8494909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of the transition from stable to acute coronary syndromes driven by vascular inflammation, thrombosis with subsequent microembolization, and vessel occlusion leading to irreversible myocardial damage is still an unsolved problem. Here, we introduce a multi-targeted and multi-color nanotracer platform technology that simultaneously visualizes evolving danger patterns in the development of progressive coronary inflammation and atherothrombosis prior to spontaneous myocardial infarction in mice. Individual ligand-equipped perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions are used as targeting agents and are differentiated by their specific spectral signatures via implementation of multi chemical shift selective 19F MRI. Thereby, we are able to identify areas at high risk of and predictive for consecutive development of myocardial infarction, at a time when no conventional parameter indicates any imminent danger. The principle of this multi-targeted approach can easily be adapted to monitor also a variety of other disease entities and constitutes a technology with disease-predictive potential.
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Good E, Ziegler M, Warntjes M, Dyverfeldt P, de Muinck E. Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Relationships Between Fat Fraction and R2* Inside Carotid Plaques, and Circulating Lipoproteins. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:1260-1270. [PMID: 34390516 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) are morphological features of high-risk atherosclerotic plaques. However, their relationship to circulating lipoproteins is unclear. PURPOSE To study associations between changes in lipoproteins vs. changes in LRNC (represented by fat fraction [FF]) and IPH (represented by R2*). STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Fifty-two patients with carotid plaques, 33 males (63.5%), mean age 72 (±5). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Four-point fast gradient Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to quantify FF and R2* (to measure IPH) inside plaques and in vessel wall. Turbo-spin echo was used for T1 weighted sequences to guide manual segmentation. ASSESSMENT Carotid MRI and serum lipid levels were assessed at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. For patients, lipid-lowering therapy was customized to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels below 1.8 mmol/L. Segmentation was performed with one set of regions of interest for the plaque and one for the vessel wall at the location of the plaque. Thereby MRI data for FF, R2*, and volumes in plaque- and vessel-wall segmentations could be obtained from baseline and follow-up, as well as changes over the study year. STATISTICAL TESTS Pearson correlation coefficient for correlations. Paired samples t-test for changes over time. Significance at P < 0.05, 95% confidence interval. RESULTS LDL decreased significantly (2.19-1.88 mmol/L, Z - 2.9), without correlation to changes in plaque composition, nor to the significant reduction in vessel-wall volume (-106.3 mm3 ). Plaque composition remained unchanged, FF +8.5% (P = 0.366) and R2* +3.5% (P = 0.304). Compared to plaque segmentations, R2* was significantly lower in the vessel-wall segmentations both at baseline (-9.3%) and at follow-up (-9.1%). DATA CONCLUSION The absence of correlations between changes in lipoproteins and changes in plaque composition indicates more complex relationships between these parameters than previously anticipated. The significant differences in both R2* and volume dynamics comparing plaque segmentations and vessel-wall segmentations suggest differences in their pathobiology of atherosclerosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Good
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ziegler
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marcel Warntjes
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,SyntheticMR AB, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Petter Dyverfeldt
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ebo de Muinck
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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47
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Wang K, Shang T, Zhang L, Zhou L, Liu C, Fu Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Wang J. Application of a Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Drug-Eluting Coating for Surface Modification of Vascular Stents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35431-35443. [PMID: 34304556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stent implantation is the primary method used to treat coronary heart disease. However, it is associated with complications such as restenosis and late thrombosis. Despite surface modification being an effective way to improve the biocompatibility of stents, the current research studies are not focused on changes in the vascular microenvironment at the implantation site. In the present study, an adaptive drug-loaded coating was constructed on the surface of vascular stent materials that can respond to oxidative stress at the site of vascular lesions. Two functional molecules, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and cysteine hydrochloride, were employed to fabricate a coating on the surface of 316L stainless steel. In addition, the coating was used as a drug carrier to load pitavastatin calcium. EGCG has antioxidant activity, and pitavastatin calcium can inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation. Therefore, EGCG and pitavastatin calcium provided a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, the coating was cross-linked using disulfide bonds, which accelerated the release of the drug in response to reactive oxygen species. A positive correlation was observed between the rate of drug release and the degree of oxidative stress. Collectively, this drug-loaded oxidative stress-responsive coating has been demonstrated to significantly inhibit inflammation, accelerate endothelialization, and reduce the risk of restenosis of vascular stents in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tengda Shang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Changqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yudie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yuancong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Aboyans V, Bauersachs R, Mazzolai L, Brodmann M, Palomares JFR, Debus S, Collet JP, Drexel H, Espinola-Klein C, Lewis BS, Roffi M, Sibbing D, Sillesen H, Stabile E, Schlager O, De Carlo M. Antithrombotic therapies in aortic and peripheral arterial diseases in 2021: a consensus document from the ESC working group on aorta and peripheral vascular diseases, the ESC working group on thrombosis, and the ESC working group on cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:4013-4024. [PMID: 34279602 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this collaborative document is to provide an update for clinicians on best antithrombotic strategies in patients with aortic and/or peripheral arterial diseases. Antithrombotic therapy is a pillar of optimal medical treatment for these patients at very high cardiovascular risk. While the number of trials on antithrombotic therapies in patients with aortic or peripheral arterial diseases is substantially smaller than for those with coronary artery disease, recent evidence deserves to be incorporated into clinical practice. In the absence of specific indications for chronic oral anticoagulation due to concomitant cardiovascular disease, a single antiplatelet agent is the basis for long-term antithrombotic treatment in patients with aortic or peripheral arterial diseases. Its association with another antiplatelet agent or low-dose anticoagulants will be discussed, based on patient's ischaemic and bleeding risk as well therapeutic paths (e.g. endovascular therapy). This consensus document aims to provide a guidance for antithrombotic therapy according to arterial disease localizations and clinical presentation. However, it cannot substitute multidisciplinary team discussions, which are particularly important in patients with uncertain ischaemic/bleeding balance. Importantly, since this balance evolves over time in an individual patient, a regular reassessment of the antithrombotic therapy is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Aboyans
- Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, and INSERM 1094 & IRD, University of Limoges, 2, Martin Luther King ave, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Rupert Bauersachs
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Klinikum Darmstadt GmbH, Darmstadt Germany, and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - José F Rodriguez Palomares
- Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RedCV, CIBER CV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian Debus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Hamburg, University Medical Centre HamburgEppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Collet
- Sorbonne Université, ACTION Study Group (www.actioncoeur.org), INSERM UMRS 1166, Institut de Cardiologie, Hôpital PitiéSalpêtrière (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Christine Espinola-Klein
- Section Angiology, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Basil S Lewis
- Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center and the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, TechnionIsrael Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marco Roffi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Sibbing
- Ludwig Maximilians Universität München and Privatklinik Lauterbacher Mühle am Ostersee, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Sillesen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eugenio Stabile
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Schlager
- Division of Angiology, 2nd Department of Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco De Carlo
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda OspedalieroUniversitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
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49
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18Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in relation to fat fraction and R2* in atherosclerotic plaques, using PET/MRI: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14217. [PMID: 34244569 PMCID: PMC8270927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation inside Atherosclerotic plaques represents a major pathophysiological process driving plaques towards rupture. Pre-clinical studies suggest a relationship between lipid rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage and inflammation, not previously explored in patients. Therefore, we designed a pilot study to investigate the feasibility of assessing the relationship between these plaque features in a quantitative manner using PET/MRI. In 12 patients with high-grade carotid stenosis the extent of lipid rich necrotic core and intraplaque hemorrhage was quantified from fat and R2* maps acquired with a previously validated 4-point Dixon MRI sequence in a stand-alone MRI. PET/MRI was used to measure 18F-FDG uptake. T1-weighted images from both scanners were used for registration of the quantitative Dixon data with the PET images. The plaques were heterogenous with respect to their volumes and composition. The mean values for the group were as follows: fat fraction (FF) 0.17% (± 0.07), R2* 47.6 s−1 (± 10.9) and target-to-blood pool ratio (TBR) 1.49 (± 0.48). At group level the correlation between TBR and FFmean was − 0.406, p 0.19 and for TBR and R2*mean 0.259, p 0.42. The lack of correlation persisted when analysed on a patient-by-patient basis but the study was not powered to draw definitive conclusions. We show the feasibility of analysing the quantitative relationship between lipid rich necrotic cores, intraplaque haemorrhage and plaque inflammation. The 18F-FDG uptake for most patients was low. This may reflect the biological complexity of the plaques and technical aspects inherent to 18F-FDG measurements. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN30673005. Registered 05 January 2021, retrospectively registered.
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50
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Ibanez B, Fernández-Ortiz A, Fernández-Friera L, García-Lunar I, Andrés V, Fuster V. Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) Study: JACC Focus Seminar 7/8. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:156-179. [PMID: 34238438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis starts early in life and progresses silently for decades. Considering atherosclerosis as a "systemic disease" invites the use of noninvasive methodologies to detect disease in various regions before symptoms appear. The PESA-(Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) CNIC-SANTANDER study is an ongoing prospective cohort study examining imaging, biological, and behavioral parameters associated with the presence and progression of early subclinical atherosclerosis. Between 2010 and 2014, PESA enrolled 4,184 asymptomatic middle-aged participants who undergo serial 3-yearly follow-up examinations including clinical interviews, lifestyle questionnaires, sampling, and noninvasive imaging assessment of multiterritorial subclinical atherosclerosis (carotids, iliofemorals, aorta, and coronaries). PESA tracks the trajectories of atherosclerosis and associated disorders from early stages to the transition to symptomatic phases. A joint venture between the CNIC and the Santander Bank, PESA is expected to run until at least 2029, and its significant contributions to date are presented in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe-CIEC, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés García-Lunar
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
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