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Zhao J, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Deng L, Pan Y, Bai X, Jia L, Wang Y, Geng W. Bifidobacterium pseudonumeratum W112 alleviated depressive and liver injury symptoms induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress via gut-liver-brain axis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1421007. [PMID: 39224184 PMCID: PMC11366711 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1421007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several studies indicated that depression is associated with liver injury. The role of probiotics in alleviating depression is focused on improving the abnormalities of the central nervous system through the gut-brain axis, while the effect on liver injury is still unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential link between the antidepressant effect of a potential probiotic strain Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum W112 and its effect on alleviating liver injury. Methods The 4-week-old Kunming mice were exposed to chronic stress for 4 weeks to establish a depression model. Results The depression-like behavior and related biomakers in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice were altered by supplemented with W112 for 2 weeks. Meanwhile, the modulation effect of W112 the gut microbiota in CUMS mice also result in an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria and a decrease in the abundance of harmful bacteria. Significantly, liver injury was observed in CUMS model mice. W112 improved liver injury by reducing AST/ALT in serum. Quantitative PCR results indicated that the mechanism of action of W112 in ameliorating liver injury was that the altered gut microbiota affected hepatic phospholipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism. Discussion In short, W112 could significantly improve the depressive and liver injury symptoms caused by CUMS. The gut-liver-brain axis is a potential connecting pathway between the antidepressant effects of W112 and its alleviation of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Zhao
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Lifeomics and Innovative Drug Research and Development, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahu Yuan
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Langni Deng
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Pan
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojia Bai
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Longgang Jia
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Weitao Geng
- Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Qiu J, Gong Y, Zhang X, Mao W. Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depressive Symptoms, Brain Potential, and Neuroimmunoinflammatory Factors in Depressed Patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 2024; 47:128-133. [PMID: 39008543 DOI: 10.1097/wnf.0000000000000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depressive symptoms, brain potential, and neuroimmunoinflammatory factors in patients with depression. METHODS Sixty-four eligible patients according to the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 32 patients in each group. The control group received conventional therapy, while the observation group received MBCT on top of conventional therapy. The depressive symptoms, brain potential, and neuroimmunoinflammatory factors were measured in the two groups. RESULTS After treatment, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6 levels were decreased, while the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale score, total number of response execution score, and 5-hydroxy tryptamine level were increased in both groups. Moreover, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6 levels were decreased more significantly, while the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale score, total number of response execution score, and 5-hydroxy tryptamine level were increased more significantly in the observation group compare to the control group ( P < 0.01). In addition, the latency in the observation group was shorter and the amplitude was longer than those in the control group ( P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Compared with conventional therapy, the use of MBCT combined with conventional therapy can effectively reduce depressive symptoms, suppresses inflammatory responses, and optimize attention and response to target stimulation and is worthy of wide clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Qiu
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yifei Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital, Wuxi Branch of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiucui Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital, Wuxi Branch of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weibing Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital, Wuxi Branch of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Uzzan S, Rostevanov IS, Rubin E, Benguigui O, Marazka S, Kaplanski J, Agbaria R, Azab AN. Chronic Treatment with Nigella sativa Oil Exerts Antimanic Properties and Reduces Brain Inflammation in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1823. [PMID: 38339101 PMCID: PMC10855852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa (NS) is a native herb consumed habitually in several countries worldwide, possessing manifold therapeutic properties. Among them, anti-inflammatory features have been reported, presumably relating to mechanisms involved in the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, among others. Given the observed association between neuroimmune factors and mental illness, the primary aim of the present study was to examine the effects of chronic NS use on manic-like behavior in rats, as well as analyze levels of brain inflammatory mediators following NS intake. Using male and female rats, baseline tests were performed; thereafter, rats were fed either regular food (control) or NS-containing food (treatment) for four weeks. Following intervention, behavioral tests were induced (an open field test, sucrose consumption test, three-chamber sociality test, and amphetamine-induced hyperactivity test). Subsequently, brain samples were extracted, and inflammatory mediators were evaluated, including interleukin-6, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear phosphorylated-p65. Our findings show NS to result in a marked antimanic-like effect, in tandem with a positive modulation of select inflammatory mediators among male and female rats. The findings reinforce the proposed therapeutic advantages relating to NS ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Uzzan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Ira-Sivan Rostevanov
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Elina Rubin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Olivia Benguigui
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W1S4, Canada
| | - Said Marazka
- Department of Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Jacob Kaplanski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Riad Agbaria
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Abed N. Azab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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Spoelma MJ, Serafimovska A, Parker G. Differentiating melancholic and non-melancholic depression via biological markers: A review. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:761-810. [PMID: 37259772 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2023.2219725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Melancholia is a severe form of depression that is typified by greater genetic and biological influence, distinct symptomatology, and preferential response to physical treatment. This paper sought to broadly overview potential biomarkers of melancholia to benefit differential diagnosis, clinical responses and treatment outcomes. Given nuances in distinguishing melancholia as its own condition from other depressive disorder, we emphasised studies directly comparing melancholic to non-melancholic depression. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted. Key studies were identified and summarised qualitatively. RESULTS 105 studies in total were identified. These studies covered a wide variety of biomarkers, and largely fell into three domains: endocrinological (especially cortisol levels, particularly in response to the dexamethasone suppression test), neurological, and immunological (particularly inflammatory markers). Less extensive evidence also exists for metabolic, genetic, and cardiovascular markers. CONCLUSIONS Definitive conclusions were predominantly limited due to substantial heterogeneity in how included studies defined melancholia. Furthermore, this heterogeneity could be responsible for the between- and within-group variability observed in the candidate biomarkers that were examined. Therefore, clarifying these definitional parameters may help identify underlying patterns in biomarker expression to improve diagnostic and therapeutic precision for the depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Spoelma
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Gordon Parker
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Liu J, Zhu X, Liu Y, Jia F, Yuan H, Wang Q, Zhang X, Li Z, Du X, Zhang X. Association between triglyceride glucose index and suicide attempts in patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1231524. [PMID: 37575577 PMCID: PMC10416446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1231524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been suggested as an alternative indicator of insulin resistance (IR); however, the association between TyG index and suicide attempts (SA) in major depressive disorder (MDD) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TyG index and SA in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 1,718 patients with FEDN MDD aged 34.9 ± 12.4 years from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China) from September 2016 to December 2018. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between TyG index and the risk of SA. A two-piecewise linear regression model was used to investigate the threshold effects if non-linearity associations existed. Interaction and stratified analyses were performed based on sex, education, marital status, comorbid anxiety, and psychotic symptoms. Results Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that TyG index was positively associated with the risk of SA after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.04-1.75, p = 0.03). Smoothing plots also showed a nonlinear relationship between TyG index and SA, with the inflection point of TyG index being 9.29. On the right of the inflection point, a positive association between TyG index and SA was detected (OR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.81 to 6.66, p < 0.001), while no significant association was observed on the left side of the inflection point (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.66, p = 0.476). Conclusion The relationship between TyG index and SA risk was non-linear and exhibited a threshold effect in Chinese patients with FEDN MDD. When TyG index was greater than 9.29, they showed a significant positive correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- Nanjing Meishan Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanjing Meishan Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengnan Jia
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Qingyuan Wang
- Clinical Medical Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Mei H, Xiao H, Zhang Y, Gao W, Qi H, Zhang J. Association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and perinatal depressive symptoms among Chinese women. J Psychosom Res 2023; 166:111101. [PMID: 36736189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of depression has increased dramatically in the past few decades, and pregnant women are at high risk for depression. It is widely thought that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of depression. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of chronic immune inflammation, and perinatal depressive symptoms. METHODS A cohort study involving 535 pregnant women was conducted based on a prospective birth cohort in Wuhan, China. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess antepartum depression (APD) and postpartum depression (PPD) during the second trimester of pregnancy and one month after delivery. The NLR during the second trimester was determined based on a routine blood test. The association between NLR and depressive symptoms was evaluated using logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. RESULTS We found that the prevalence of APD and PPD was 8.4% and 15.1%, respectively. NLR levels were positively associated with APD (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.20--1.91). After adjusting for potential confounders, the OR (95% CI) of APD for the highest NLR quartile was 4.56 (1.58, 13.13) compared with the lowest quartile. No significant association was found between NLR and PPD. RCS regression model analysis indicated a linear correlation between NLR and APD (P for non-linearity = 0.58). CONCLUSION Overall, elevated mid-trimester NLR is independently associated with APD but not PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 100 Xianggang Rd, Jiangan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 100 Xianggang Rd, Jiangan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqi Gao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 100 Xianggang Rd, Jiangan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haiqin Qi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianduan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is among the most pervasive and debilitating neuropsychiatric sequelae experienced by patients following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). While the individual mechanisms underlying depression and TBI have been widely studied, the neurobiological bases of depression after TBI remain largely unknown. This article highlights the potential mechanisms of action implicated in depression after TBI. RESULTS We review putative mechanisms of action including neuroinflammation, neuroendocrine dysregulation, metabolic abnormalities, and neurotransmitter and circuitry dysfunction. We also identify the current limitations in the field and propose directions for future research. CONCLUSION An improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms will aid the development of precision-guided and personalized treatments for patients suffering from depression after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aava Bushra Jahan
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, US.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, US
| | - Kaloyan Tanev
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, US
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Rostevanov IS, Betesh-Abay B, Nassar A, Rubin E, Uzzan S, Kaplanski J, Biton L, Azab AN. Montelukast induces beneficial behavioral outcomes and reduces inflammation in male and female rats. Front Immunol 2022; 13:981440. [PMID: 36148246 PMCID: PMC9487911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.981440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulative data links inflammation and immune dysregulation to the pathophysiology of mental disorders; little is known regarding leukotrienes’ (LTs) involvement in this process. Circumstantial evidence suggests that treatment with leukotriene modifying agents (LTMAs) such as montelukast (MTK) may induce adverse neuropsychiatric events. Further methodic evaluation is warranted. Objective This study aims to examine behavioral effects, as well as inflammatory mediator levels of chronic MTK treatment in male and female rats. Methods Depression-like phenotypes were induced by exposing male and female rats to a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol for four weeks. Thereafter, rats were treated (intraperitoneally) once daily, for two weeks, with either vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide 0.2 ml/rat) or 20 mg/kg MTK. Following treatment protocols, behavioral tests were conducted and brain regions were evaluated for inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and prostaglandin (PG) E2. Results Overall, MTK did not invoke negative behavioral phenotypes (except for an aggression-inducing effect in males). Numerous positive behavioral outcomes were observed, including reduction in aggressive behavior in females and reduced manic/hyperactive-like behavior and increased sucrose consumption (suggestive of antidepressant-like effect) in males. Furthermore, in control males, MTK increased IL-6 levels in the hypothalamus and TNF-α in the frontal cortex, while in control females it generated a robust anti-inflammatory effect. In females that were subjected to CUMS, MTK caused a prominent reduction in TNF-α and IL-6 in brain regions, whereas in CUMS-subjected males its effects were inconsistent. Conclusion Contrary to prior postulations, MTK may be associated with select beneficial behavioral outcomes. Additionally, MTK differentially affects male vs. female rats in respect to brain inflammatory mediators, plausibly explaining the dissimilar behavioral phenotypes of sexes under MTK treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira S. Rostevanov
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Batya Betesh-Abay
- Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ahmad Nassar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elina Rubin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sarit Uzzan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jacob Kaplanski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Linoy Biton
- Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Abed N. Azab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- *Correspondence: Abed N. Azab,
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Chang RY, Hsueh-Hua Ho S, Tsai HL, Koo M. Association of anxiety and depression with chronic liver diseases in patients with noncardiac chest pain: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29620. [PMID: 35945771 PMCID: PMC9351862 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Causes of chest pain can vary from benign to life-threatening conditions, and in many cases not necessary of cardiac origin. A possible reason for noncardiac chest pain could be anxiety or depression caused by chronic liver diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of anxiety and depression with chronic liver disease in patients with noncardiac pain. Patients with chest tightness or pain referred for treadmill exercise testing were recruited from a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. Medical records of the patients were used to define the presence and type of chronic liver disease. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association of anxiety and depression with chronic liver disease. A total of 2537 patients with liver function test results and abdominal sonography data were analyzed, and 1965 patients showed a negative treadmill exercise testing. The mean age of these 1965 patients was 51.9 years and 54.2% were male. The prevalence of alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and fatty liver disease was 10.6%, 10.9%, 3.7%, and 27.0%, respectively. Results from multiple logistic regression analyses showed that the risk of anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.83, P < .001) and depression (aOR = 1.85, P < .001) was significantly higher in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Anxiety was significantly higher in patients with fatty liver disease (aOR = 1.30, P = .031), and the risk of depression was significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis C (aOR = 2.18, P = .005). In conclusion, in patients with noncardiac chest pain, alcoholic liver disease was significantly associated with anxiety and depression, while those with fatty liver and chronic hepatitis C were associated with anxiety and depression, respectively. Clinicians should be vigilant to these correlations in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei-Yeuh Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
- Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | | | - Han-Lin Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien City, Hualien, Taiwan
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- * Correspondence: Malcolm Koo, PhD, Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien City, Hualien 970302 Taiwan (e-mail: )
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10
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Joshi P, Bisht A, Joshi S, Semwal D, Nema NK, Dwivedi J, Sharma S. Ameliorating potential of curcumin and its analogue in central nervous system disorders and related conditions: A review of molecular pathways. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3143-3180. [PMID: 35790042 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one of the broadly studied phytomolecule owing to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and has been considered a promising therapeutic candidate in a wide range of disorders. Considering, its low bioavailability, different curcumin analogs have been developed to afford desired pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic outcome in varied pathological states. Several preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that curcumin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress apoptosis-mediated neural cell degeneration and could effectively be utilized in the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, in this review, we have summarized key findings of experimental and clinical studies conducted on curcumin and its analogues with special emphasis on molecular pathways, viz. NF-kB, Nrf2-ARE, glial activation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, SOCS/JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2 /MyD88 /p38 MAPK, JNK, iNOS/NO, and MMP pathways involved in imparting ameliorative effects in the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Joshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.,R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Akansha Bisht
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushil Joshi
- R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Semwal
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Nema
- Paramount Kumkum Private Limited, Prestige Meridian-1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
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Abdul Rahim N, Nordin N, Ahmad Rasedi NIS, Mohd Kauli FS, Wan Ibrahim WN, Zakaria F. Behavioral and cortisol analysis of the anti-stress effect of Polygonum minus (Huds) extracts in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) zebrafish model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 256:109303. [PMID: 35202824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded approximately 350 million people worldwide have suffered from mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and addictive behaviors. The search for new drugs from nature has drawn on many biological resources and human practices. In this study, leaves of Polygonum minus standardized extract (Biokesum®), 1 and 100 mg/L were used to evaluate the anti-stress effect in the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) zebrafish model. Five groups of zebrafish were manipulated in this study, comprising control, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), CUS + Biokesum® 1 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion) CUS + Biokesum® 100 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion) and CUS + fluoxetine 0.6 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion). Four different behavioral tests were used, i.e. open-field test, social interaction test, light and dark test, and exploratory test. After four consecutive days of treatment, the zebrafish were sacrificed for whole-body cortisol analysis. The exploratory test showed a significant change upon P. minus treatment (one-way ANOVA; p = 0.0011). Cortisol analysis showed a decrease of cortisol level after treatment with the extract and fluoxetine, without significant difference. These results showed that zebrafish is a reliable model to study the anti-stress effect of compounds or herbal extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhidayah Abdul Rahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nurfatihah Nordin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Fauziahanim Zakaria
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia..
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12
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Zhang L, Yao LN, Liu W, Chen AQ, He SM, Wei ML, Fan ZX, Ren DL. N-acetylcholine receptors regulate cytokines expression and neutrophils recruitment via MAPK/ERK signaling in zebrafish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:104328. [PMID: 34883109 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N-acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are mainly distributed in the postsynaptic membrane and have been widely studied for their control of muscle contraction by regulating neural action potentials. However, the influences of AChRs on immune responses and potential mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we used the advantages of live imaging of zebrafish to explore the regulation process of AChRs on inflammatory responses. Pharmacologically activating of the receptor, we found that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines il-1β, il-6, tnf-α and il-8 was significantly up-regulated and neutrophil migration to injury sites was also significantly increased. However, these phenomena were reversed under antagonism of the receptor activity. Results showed that interfering with nAChRs functions did not significantly affect zebrafish motion behavior. Results also showed that activation and antagonism of nAChRs function could regulate the phosphorylation of ERK protein respectively. We further demonstrated that ERK participated in the regulation of AChRs in cytokines expression and neutrophils migration in zebrafish. This study preliminarily revealed the roles of AChRs in inflammatory processes and their potential mechanism, providing additional evidence of peripheral immune regulation by cholinergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Li-Na Yao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - An-Qi Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shi-Min He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Mei-Li Wei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Da-Long Ren
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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13
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Korkut S, Kulaksizoglu S. The Relationship of Antidepressant Therapy with Neuroinflammatory Changes and Inflammatory Response in Major Depressive Disorder. NEUROCHEM J+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712421040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Li Y, Pan L, Zeng X, Zhang R, Li X, Li J, Xing H, Bao J. Ammonia exposure causes the imbalance of the gut-brain axis by altering gene networks associated with oxidative metabolism, inflammation and apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112668. [PMID: 34450428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is an acknowledged environment pollutant in atmosphere with irritating smell. Previous studies have shown that excessive ammonia has toxic effects on farm animals and humans. However, the detail toxicity mechanism of ammonia to pigs is still unknown so far. In order to clarify the mechanism of ammonia toxicity, we established a porcine exogenous ammonia poisoning model and assessed the effects of ammonia on the gut-brain axis by transcriptome sequencing, histological observation and chemical analysis. Our results showed that after 30 d of ammonia exposure, 578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 407 DEGs were obtained in the hypothalamus and jejunum, respectively. These DEGs were enriched into Gene Ontology terms associated with inflammation, oxidative metabolism, apoptosis, and the highly expressed genes among these DEGs were verified by real-time quantitative PCR. The content of glutathione and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde content was increased after ammonia exposure. Corticotropin releasing factor, substance P, 5-hydroxytryptamine and ghrelin contents in serum elevated significantly. Furthermore, pathologic observation in the ammonia group revealed infiltration of lymphocytes in the hypothalamus and significant decrease of jejunal epithelial cells. Our results indicated that ammonia exposure mediated changes in transcriptional profiles, pathological damage, oxidative stress and brain-gut peptide of the pig jejunum and hypothalamus, and induced the imbalance of the brain-gut axis through the "oxidative stress-inflammation-apoptosis" interaction network. Our study not only provides a new perspective for the toxicity assessment of ammonia, but also enriches the toxicology mechanism of ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic ofChina
| | - Lei Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyin Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic ofChina; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic ofChina; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Chao B, Zhang L, Pan J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu M, Huang S. Stanniocalcin-1 Overexpression Prevents Depression-Like Behaviors Through Inhibition of the ROS/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:644383. [PMID: 34194345 PMCID: PMC8238083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.644383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is a burdensome psychiatric disorder presenting with disordered inflammation and neural plasticity. We conducted this study with an aim to explore the effect of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) on inflammation and neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors. Methods: A model of depression-like behaviors was established in Wistar rats by stress stimulation. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-packaged STC1 overexpression sequence or siRNA against STC1 was introduced into rats to enhance or silence the STC1 expression. Moreover, we measured pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. An in vitro model was induced in hippocampal neurons by CORT to explore the effect of STC1 on the neuron viability, toxicity and apoptosis. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were employed to determine the expression of STC1 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related genes. Results: STC1 was under-expressed in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors, while its overexpression could reduce the depression-like behaviors in the stress-stimulated rats. Furthermore, overexpression of STC1 resulted in enhanced neural plasticity, reduced release of pro-inflammatory proteins, elevated SOD and CAT and diminished MDA level in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors. Overexpressed STC1 blocked the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the viability of CORT-treated neurons while repressing their toxicity and apoptosis. Conclusion: Collectively, overexpression of STC1 inhibits inflammation and protects neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors by inactivating the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shijing Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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16
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Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged Women-Understanding the Cause. Brain Sci 2020; 11:brainsci11010026. [PMID: 33379297 PMCID: PMC7824332 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is an important event in a woman’s life associated with hormonal changes that play a substantial role in the functioning of her body. A decline in the level of estrogens contributes to depressive symptoms and mood disorders during this period. The severity of depressive symptoms experienced by middle-aged women depends on many factors, including sociodemographic data (e.g., menopause, employment status, and marital status) and genetic variables (MAO-A and 5-HTT gene polymorphisms). In order to assess their influence on the development of depression in females, we analyzed 1453 healthy Polish women in different stages of menopause. Based on the results, we found that the l/l + l/s inheritance model for the 5-HTT gene polymorphism was more common in women without and with moderate depressive symptoms according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), while the l/s model was more often observed in women with mild depression. Moreover, the overdominant 3/3 + 4/4 genotype of the MAO-A gene polymorphism was more often found in respondents without depressive symptoms, while women with depressive symptoms had more often the overdominant 3/4 genotype.
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17
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Duarte-Silva E, Maes M, Macedo D, Savino W, Peixoto CA. Shared neuroimmune and oxidative pathways underpinning Chagas disease and major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:419. [PMID: 33268766 PMCID: PMC7710744 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular and molecular basis to understand the relationship between Chagas disease (CD), a infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and depression, a common psychiatric comorbidity in CD patients, is largely unknown. Clinical studies show an association between CD and depression and preclinical evidence suggests that depressive-like behaviors in T. cruzi infected mice are due, at least partially, to immune dysregulation. However, mechanistic studies regarding this issue are still lacking. Herein, we present and discuss the state of art of data on CD and depression, and revise the mechanisms that may explain the development of depression in CD. We also discuss how the knowledge generated by current and future data may contribute to the discovery of new mechanisms underlying depressive symptoms associated with CD and, hence, to the identification of new therapeutic targets, which ultimately may change the way we see and treat CD and its psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Duarte-Silva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure. Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology for Health (PPGBBS), Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil.
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Recife, Brazil.
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danielle Macedo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Research Network on Neuroinflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure. Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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18
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Nobis A, Zalewski D, Waszkiewicz N. Peripheral Markers of Depression. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3793. [PMID: 33255237 PMCID: PMC7760788 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, creating a high medical and socioeconomic burden. There is a growing interest in the biological underpinnings of depression, which are reflected by altered levels of biological markers. Among others, enhanced inflammation has been reported in MDD, as reflected by increased concentrations of inflammatory markers-C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and soluble interleukin-2 receptor. Oxidative and nitrosative stress also plays a role in the pathophysiology of MDD. Notably, increased levels of lipid peroxidation markers are characteristic of MDD. Dysregulation of the stress axis, along with increased cortisol levels, have also been reported in MDD. Alterations in growth factors, with a significant decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and an increase in fibroblast growth factor-2 and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations have also been found in MDD. Finally, kynurenine metabolites, increased glutamate and decreased total cholesterol also hold promise as reliable biomarkers for MDD. Research in the field of MDD biomarkers is hindered by insufficient understanding of MDD etiopathogenesis, substantial heterogeneity of the disorder, common co-morbidities and low specificity of biomarkers. The construction of biomarker panels and their evaluation with use of new technologies may have the potential to overcome the above mentioned obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Nobis
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland; (D.Z.); (N.W.)
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Ghosh I, Sankhe R, Mudgal J, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Spermidine, an autophagy inducer, as a therapeutic strategy in neurological disorders. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102083. [PMID: 32873420 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine is a naturally occurring endogenous polyamine synthesized from diamine putrescine. It is a well-known autophagy inducer that maintains cellular and neuronal homeostasis. Healthy brain development and function are dependent on brain polyamine concentration. Polyamines interact with the opioid system, glutamatergic signaling and neuroinflammation in the neuronal and glial compartments. Among the polyamines, spermidine is found highest in the human brain. Age-linked fluctuations in the spermidine levels may possibly contribute to the impairments in neural network and neurogenesis. Exogenously administered spermidine helps in the treatment of brain diseases. Further, current studies highlight the ability of spermidine to promote longevity by inducing autophagy. Still, the causal neuroprotective mechanism of spermidine in neuronal dysfunction remains unidentified. This review aims to summarize various neuroprotective effects of spermidine related to anti-aging/ anti-inflammatory properties and the prevention of neurotoxicity that helps in achieving beneficial effects in age-related neurological disorder. We also expose the signaling cascades modulated by spermidine which might result in therapeutic action. The present review highlights clinical studies along with in-vivo and in-vitro preclinical studies to provide a new dimension for the therapeutic potential of spermidine in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, MHIQ, QUM Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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Rudzki L, Maes M. The Microbiota-Gut-Immune-Glia (MGIG) Axis in Major Depression. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4269-4295. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Esmaeilzadeh S, Agajani Delavar M, Nouri H, Mashayekh-Amiri S, Ahmadi N, Namdar R. Examination of associations between personality traits, and polymorphisms of MAO-A and 5-HTT with the severity of menopausal symptoms and depression levels. Biomed Rep 2020; 12:259-266. [PMID: 32257189 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between different personality traits with monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and to examine their effects on the severity of menopause symptoms as well as the levels of depression in menopausal women. The study was designed as an analytical cross-sectional study, performed on 132 healthy post-menopausal women in Iran. Personality was assessed using the Revised Edition of the NEO Personality Index (Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness-Five Factor Inventory). The symptoms score sheet, used for measuring menopausal symptoms, was used to classify the participants according to their menopausal symptoms. Furthermore, Beck Depression Inventory short version was also used to assess depressive symptoms. Examination of blood samples taken from all participants was to identify DNA polymorphisms of 5-HTT using PCR. The results of the present study showed that a high level of neuroticism (P<0.0001), low levels of extroversion (P<0.002), an openness to experience (P=0.039) and conscientiousness (P=0.001) were all positively associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms. In addition, a high level of neuroticism (P<0.0001), low levels of extroversion (P<0.0001), and a low level of agreeableness (P<0.024) and conscientiousness (P<0.0001) were all positively associated with depressive symptoms. There was no statistically significant association between MAO-A and 5-HTT polymorphisms with menopause and depression scores. Based on these results, there appears to be a significant association between personality traits with both depression and menopausal symptoms. Identification of homogeneous groups of women who are predisposed to depression and severe menopausal symptoms may allow for the implementation of early prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
| | - Mouloud Agajani Delavar
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Nouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mashayekh-Amiri
- Student Committee Research, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
| | - Niloufar Ahmadi
- Student Committee Research, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
| | - Reza Namdar
- Shahid Yahya Nezhad Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran 47135-547, Iran
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22
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Choi HG, Kim EJ, Lee YK, Kim M. The risk of herpes zoster virus infection in patients with depression: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17430. [PMID: 31577760 PMCID: PMC6783196 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The features of herpes zoster share some commonalities with depression, including decreased cellular immunity, a close correlation with nutritional status, and a higher prevalence in the elderly population. We aimed to assess the association between herpes zoster infection and depression in the Korean population.We performed a longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide sample cohort derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Individuals diagnosed with depression between 2002 and 2013 (n = 58,278) as well as matched controls (n = 233,112), with both groups comprising 34.3% male and 65.7% female subjects, were extracted and analyzed for the presence of herpes zoster infection. Depression was diagnosed based on the International Classification of Diseases tenth revision (ICD-10) codes F31-F39, while herpes zoster was diagnosed as ICD-10 B02.The rate of herpes zoster infection was higher in the depressed group (6.8% [3967/58,278]) than in the control group (6.3% [14,689/233,122], P < .001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for herpes zoster infection was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.13) in the depressed group (P < .001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the adjusted HRs for herpes zoster infection were higher only in women younger than 60 years among participants with depression. These HRs were 1.13 (95% CI: 1.02-1.25; P = .016) in women younger than 40 years and 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04-1.17; P < .001) in women aged 40-59 years.Depression is a predictor of herpes zoster infection in Korean women younger than 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Eui-Joong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Eulji Hospital, Seoul
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Akaltun İ, Kara SS, Ayaydın H, Kara T. Nörolojik tutulumu olmayan brusellozlu çocuk ve ergenlerin depresyon açısından değerlendirilmesi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.458278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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24
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Moreira EG, Correia DG, Bonifácio KL, Moraes JBD, Cavicchioli FL, Nunes CS, Nunes SOV, Vargas HO, Barbosa DS, Maes M. Lowered PON1 activities are strongly associated with depression and bipolar disorder, recurrence of (hypo)mania and depression, increased disability and lowered quality of life. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 20:368-380. [PMID: 28441923 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1322219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Mood disorders (MDs) frequently co-exist with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and immune-inflammatory and oxidative stress are important shared pathophysiological pathways. Even though there has been an extensive investigation of the enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) as a biomarker of susceptibility for CVD, there are few reports studying PON1 in MDs. The aim of this study was to determine the association between PON1 activities as well as functional genotypes and MD diagnosis, clinical characteristics and outcomes. Methods: PON1 activities and functional genotypes were assayed in 58 bipolar disorder (BD) and 32 major depressed patients (MDD) and compared with 59 controls. Results: Our findings show significantly lower PON1 total and CMPAase activities in MDs, which are partly related to the number of previous depressive and manic episodes. Lowered CMPAase activity is associated with a worse outcome of MDs as indicated by lowered quality of life (WHOQoL-BREF scale) and increased disability in the Sheeham scale. Conclusions: We hypothesise that lowered PON1 total and CMPAase activities may play a role in the pathophysiology of MDs by lowering antioxidant defences thereby increasing the risk of lipid peroxidation and inflammation; lowered inhibition of quorum-sensing lactones thereby increasing bacterial proliferation; and attenuated homocysteine thiolactone catabolism which may trigger immune-inflammatory response and/or induce neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kamila Landucci Bonifácio
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Juliana Brum de Moraes
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Sampaio Nunes
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | | | - Heber Odebrecht Vargas
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- a Graduation Program in Health Sciences , State University of Londrina (UEL) , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil.,c School of Medicine , Deakin University , Geelong , VIC , Australia.,d Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand.,e Department of Psychiatry , Medical University of Plovdiv , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
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A comprehensive study of oxidative stress in patients with somatic symptom disorder. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2019; 31:100-105. [PMID: 30558690 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2018.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate oxidative stress parameters [total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE) and thiol-disulphide homeostasis] in patients who were diagnosed as having somatic symptom disorder in accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. METHODS The study included 41 medication-free patients with somatic symptom disorder and 47 age, sex, and sociodemographic-matched healthy individuals. The patients were administered the Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Somatic Symptom Amplification Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. TOS, TAS, OSI, PON, ARE thiol, disulphide levels, and routine biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. RESULTS TOS, OSI, disulphide levels, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol ratios were found significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in PON, ARE, and TAS parameters between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that the level of oxidants increased and oxidative balance was impaired in somatic symptom disorder. Oxidative stress may play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder. This is the first study to report an association between oxidative stress and somatic symptom disorder.
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The Impact of Stress and Major Depressive Disorder on Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Morphology. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:443-453. [PMID: 30470559 PMCID: PMC6380948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric reductions in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are among the most well-documented neural abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Hippocampal and mPFC structural reductions have been specifically tied to MDD illness progression markers, including greater number of major depressive episodes (MDEs), longer illness duration, and nonremission/treatment resistance. Chronic stress plays a critical role in the development of hippocampal and mPFC deficits, with some studies suggesting that these deficits occur irrespective of MDE occurrence. However, preclinical and human research also points to other stress-mediated neurotoxic processes, including enhanced inflammation and neurotransmitter disturbances, which may require the presence of an MDE and contribute to further brain structural decline as the illness advances. Specifically, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter abnormalities (e.g., serotonin, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid) likely interact to facilitate illness progression in MDD. Congruent with stress sensitization models of MDD, with each consecutive MDE it may take lower levels of stress to trigger these neurotoxic pathways, leading to more pronounced brain volumetric reductions. Given that stress and MDD have overlapping and distinct influences on neurobiological pathways implicated in hippocampal and mPFC structural decline, further work is needed to clarify which precise mechanisms ultimately contribute to MDD development and maintenance.
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27
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Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and treatment of fibromyalgia. Rheumatol Int 2019; 39:781-791. [PMID: 30756137 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04251-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a multifaceted disease. The clinical picture of fibromyalgia covers numerous comorbidities. Each comorbidity stands as a distinct condition. However, common pathophysiologic factors are occupied in their background. Along with the genetic, environmental and neuro-hormonal factors, inflammation has been supposed to have role in the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. The aim of the present article was to review the current literature regarding the potential role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and treatment of fibromyalgia. A literature search was conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases using relevant keywords. Recent evidence on this highly studied topic indicates that fibromyalgia has an immunological background. Cytokines/chemokines, lipid mediators, oxidative stress and several plasma-derived factors underlie the inflammatory state in fibromyalgia. There are potential new therapeutic options targeting inflammatory pathways in fibromyalgia patients. In conclusion, there is evidence to support the inflammation-driven pathways in the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. However, further research is required to fully understand the network of inflammation and its possible role in diagnosis and/or treatment of fibromyalgia.
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Oriolo G, Huet L, Dexpert S, Beau C, Forestier D, Ledaguenel P, Magne E, Martin-Santos R, Capuron L. History of major depression is associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms but not systemic inflammation in a cross-sectional study in obese patients. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:215-222. [PMID: 30476563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health burden associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities leading to social and occupational impairment. Given the growing prevalence of both obesity and mental disorders worldwide, understanding the risk factors of obesity-related neuropsychiatric comorbidities is crucial to develop preventive strategies and individualized treatments. Recent findings suggest that adiposity-driven inflammation contributes to neuropsychiatric comorbidities in obesity. However, not all obese subjects afflicted with chronic inflammation develop neuropsychiatric symptoms, suggesting additional risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of personal history of major depressive disorder (MDD) on obesity-related inflammation and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and their relationship. A case-control study was conducted comparing 66 obese patients (body mass index > 35 kg/m2) and 22 healthy non-obese participants, free of any current neuropsychiatric diseases including MDD. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Neurotoxicity Rating Scale (NRS). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were gathered and blood was collected for the measurement of serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the contribution of obesity and personal history of MDD to clinical outcomes and inflammatory status in study participants. Hs-CRP levels as well as NRS scores were significantly increased in the obese group. Overall, personal history of depression accounted for increased NRS scores but no significant association was found with inflammatory status. In addition, history of depression did not significantly modulate the relationship of obesity-related inflammation with NRS scores. Interestingly, obese individuals with history of recurrent MDD (n = 13) exhibited higher scores in the cognitive and sickness symptoms dimensions of the NRS compared to obese subjects with history of one depressive episode only. Findings indicate that history of depression contributes to neuropsychiatric symptoms, but not to systemic inflammation, in obese subjects free of current depressive episode. These results provide relevant information on the risk factors that may help identify obese subjects with increased risk of neuropsychiatric comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Oriolo
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lison Huet
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Dexpert
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Cédric Beau
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pariétale, Clinique Tivoli, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Clinique Jean Villar, 33520 Bruges, France
| | - Damien Forestier
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pariétale, Clinique Tivoli, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Clinique Jean Villar, 33520 Bruges, France
| | - Patrick Ledaguenel
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pariétale, Clinique Tivoli, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Clinique Jean Villar, 33520 Bruges, France
| | - Eric Magne
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pariétale, Clinique Tivoli, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Clinique Jean Villar, 33520 Bruges, France
| | - Rocío Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lucile Capuron
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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Roberts AL, Kubzansky LD, Malspeis S, Feldman CH, Costenbader KH. Association of Depression With Risk of Incident Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Women Assessed Across 2 Decades. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:1225-1233. [PMID: 30208373 PMCID: PMC6583686 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It has long been hypothesized that depression may increase the risk of developing autoimmune disease; however, rigorous empirical evidence is sparse. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether an association exists between depression and risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a paradigmatic, systemic autoimmune disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This 20-year prospective, longitudinal cohort study evaluated data collected from 2 cohorts of women participating in the Nurses' Health Study (1996-2012) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1993-2013). Data analyses were conducted from August 2017 to May 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident SLE with 4 or more American College of Rheumatology criteria was ascertained by self-report and confirmed by medical record review. Depression was assessed repeatedly throughout follow-up according to whether women reported having received a clinician's diagnosis of depression, regular antidepressant use, or a score of less than 60 on the 5-item Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5). Whether longitudinally assessed health risk factors (eg, cigarette smoking, body mass index, oral contraceptive use, menopause or postmenopausal hormone use, alcohol use, exercise, or diet) accounted for increased SLE risk among women with vs without depression was examined. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate risk of SLE. In addition, the association of depression lagged by 4 years, and depression status at baseline with incident SLE throughout follow-up was assessed. RESULTS Data from 194 483 women (28-93 years of age; 93% white) were included. During 20 years of follow-up, 145 cases of SLE occurred. Compared with women with no depression, women with a history of depression had a subsequent increased risk of SLE (HR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.91-3.75; P < .001). Adjustment for body mass index, cigarette smoking, and oral contraception and postmenopausal hormone use slightly attenuated associations (adjusted HR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.74-3.45; P < .001). The SLE risk was elevated with each of the 3 following depression indicators modeled separately: clinician's diagnosis of depression (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.29-3.71), antidepressant use (HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.94-4.05), and MHI-5 scores indicating depressed mood (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.18-2.44). Associations remained strong when depression status was lagged by 4 years with respect to the outcome (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.32-3.00) and when depression status at baseline was used as the exposure (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.54-3.37). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study contributes to increasing evidence that depression may be associated with increased risk of SLE and suggests that the association is not fully explained by measured health factors or behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L. Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Malspeis
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Candace H. Feldman
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Romano S, Salustri E, Ruscitti P, Carubbi F, Penco M, Giacomelli R. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Comorbidities in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018; 20:81. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-018-0790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Romay-Tallon R, Kulhawy E, Brymer KJ, Allen J, Rivera-Baltanas T, Olivares JM, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Changes in Membrane Protein Clustering in Peripheral Lymphocytes in an Animal Model of Depression Parallel Those Observed in Naïve Depression Patients: Implications for the Development of Novel Biomarkers of Depression. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1149. [PMID: 30374301 PMCID: PMC6196231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Naïve depression patients show alterations in serotonin transporter (SERT) and serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptor clustering in peripheral lymphocytes, and these alterations have been proposed as a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in major depression. Repeated corticosterone (CORT) induces a consistent depression-like phenotype and has been widely used as an animal model to study neurobiological alterations underlying the depressive symptoms. In this experiment, we used the CORT paradigm to evaluate whether depression-like behavior is associated with similar changes in the pattern of SERT and 5HT2A membrane protein clustering as those observed in depression patients. We also analyzed the clustering of other proteins expressed in lipid rafts in lymphocytes. Rats received daily CORT or vehicle injections for 21 consecutive days. Afterward they underwent the forced swim test to evaluate depression-like behavior, and isolated lymphocytes were analyzed by immunocytochemistry coupled to image-analysis to study clustering parameters of the SERT, 5HT2A receptor, dopamine transporter (DAT), Beta2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR), NMDA 2B receptor (NR2B), Pannexin 1 (Pnx1), and prion cellular protein (PrPc). Our results showed that CORT increases the size of protein clusters for all proteins with the exception of β 2AR, which is decreased. CORT also increased the number of clusters for Pnx1 and PrPc only. Overall, these results indicate that alterations in SERT and 5HT2A protein clustering in naïve depression patients are paralleled by changes seen in an animal model of depression. The CORT paradigm may be a useful screen for examining additional proteins in lymphocytes as a preliminary step prior to their analysis as biomarkers of depression in human blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Kulhawy
- Innovate-Calgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kyle J Brymer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Josh Allen
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Jose M Olivares
- Division of Psychiatry, Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, CHUVI, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Maes M, Carvalho AF. The Compensatory Immune-Regulatory Reflex System (CIRS) in Depression and Bipolar Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8885-8903. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Uçar HN, Eray Ş, Murat D. Simple peripheral markers for inflammation in adolescents with major depressive disorder. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1423769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Necmi Uçar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Şafak Eray
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Duygu Murat
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Avcılar Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Misiak B, Beszłej JA, Kotowicz K, Szewczuk-Bogusławska M, Samochowiec J, Kucharska-Mazur J, Frydecka D. Cytokine alterations and cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder: From putative mechanisms to novel treatment targets. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 80:177-188. [PMID: 28433456 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates the involvement of immune-inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Peripheral cytokine alterations serve as one of most consistently reported indices of subthreshold inflammatory state observed in MDD. Although cytokines cannot pass directly through the blood-brain barrier, a number of transport mechanisms have been reported. In addition, peripheral cytokines may impact central nervous system via downstream effectors of their biological activity. Animal model studies have provided evidence that cytokines might impact cognitive performance through direct and indirect effects on long-term potentiation, neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that cytokine alterations might contribute to cognitive impairment that is widely observed in MDD and persists beyond episodes of acute relapse in the majority of patients. Although several studies have provided that peripheral cytokine alterations might be related to cognitive deficits in patients with MDD, the quality of evidence still leaves much to be desired due to methodological heterogeneity and limitations. In this article, we provide an overview of studies investigating the association between peripheral cytokine alterations and cognitive performance in MDD, discuss underlying mechanisms and neural substrates. Finally, we propose possible treatment targets related to cytokine alterations taking into account existing evidence for antidepressant efficacy of anti-inflammatory pharmacological treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Misiak
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 1 Marcinkowski Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jan Aleksander Beszłej
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 10 Pasteur Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Kotowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 10 Pasteur Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 26 Broniewski Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 26 Broniewski Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 10 Pasteur Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
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Bipolar Disorder and Immune Dysfunction: Epidemiological Findings, Proposed Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7110144. [PMID: 29084144 PMCID: PMC5704151 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7110144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is strongly associated with immune dysfunction. Replicated epidemiological studies have demonstrated that BD has high rates of inflammatory medical comorbidities, including autoimmune disorders, chronic infections, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Cytokine studies have demonstrated that BD is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation with further increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels during mood episodes. Several mechanisms have been identified to explain the bidirectional relationship between BD and immune dysfunction. Key mechanisms include cytokine-induced monoamine changes, increased oxidative stress, pathological microglial over-activation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis over-activation, alterations of the microbiome-gut-brain axis and sleep-related immune changes. The inflammatory-mood pathway presents several potential novel targets in the treatment of BD. Several proof-of-concept clinical trials have shown a positive effect of anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of BD; however, further research is needed to determine the clinical utility of these treatments. Immune dysfunction is likely to only play a role in a subset of BD patients and as such, future clinical trials should also strive to identify which specific group(s) of BD patients may benefit from anti-inflammatory treatments.
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Adinolfi LE, Nevola R, Rinaldi L, Romano C, Giordano M. Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Depression. Clin Liver Dis 2017; 21:517-534. [PMID: 28689590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a systemic disease with hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations, including neuropsychiatric conditions. Depression is a frequent disorder, which has been reported in one-third of patients with HCV infection and has an estimated prevalence of 1.5 to 4.0 times higher than that observed in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection or the general population. HCV seems to play a direct and indirect role in the development of depression. Impaired quality of life and increasing health care costs have been reported for patients with HCV infection with depression. Treatment-induced HCV clearance has been associated with improvement of depression and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Elio Adinolfi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism, and Aging Sciences, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80100, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Nevola
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism, and Aging Sciences, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism, and Aging Sciences, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Ciro Romano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism, and Aging Sciences, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism, and Aging Sciences, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80100, Italy
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Fialho R, Pereira M, Harrison N, Rusted J, Whale R. Co-infection with HIV associated with reduced vulnerability to symptoms of depression during antiviral treatment for hepatitis C. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:150-157. [PMID: 28365538 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this prospective study, we examined new-onset major depressive disorder (MDD) and the differential expression of depressive symptoms in a sample of 132 HCV mono-infected and 40 HIV/HCV co-infected patients initiating pegylated interferon-based treatment, including protease inhibitor therapy. The semi-structured clinical interview (SCID-I) was used to assess MDD. Severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Of the total sample, 60 patients (34.9%) developed SCID-I defined MDD during antiviral treatment. The proportion of HCV mono- and HIV/HCV patients developing MDD during treatment was not significantly different (37.9% vs. 25%; p=0.185). In both groups, there was a significant increase in HAMD total score from baseline to week 4, and a significant decrease between week 24 and 6 months post-treatment cessation. The greatest increase was observed in the symptoms of the neurovegetative syndrome. HCV mono-infected patients reported higher scores than co-infected patients, particularly impaired activity and somatic symptoms, but the differences were only significant at week 12. The finding that co-infected patients appear less vulnerable to the development of depressive symptoms during HCV treatment than HCV mono-infected patients warrants further exploration, including a thorough analysis of the biological and psychosocial factors associated with this emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Fialho
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom.
| | - Marco Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Neil Harrison
- Clinical Imaging Science Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Rusted
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Whale
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Robson MJ, Quinlan MA, Blakely RD. Immune System Activation and Depression: Roles of Serotonin in the Central Nervous System and Periphery. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:932-942. [PMID: 28345868 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has long been recognized as a key contributor to the regulation of mood and anxiety and is strongly associated with the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Although more known for its roles within the central nervous system (CNS), 5-HT is recognized to modulate several key aspects of immune system function that may contribute to the development of MDD. Copious amounts of research have outlined a connection between alterations in immune system function, inflammation status, and MDD. Supporting this connection, peripheral immune activation results in changes in the function and/or expression of many components of 5-HT signaling that are associated with depressive-like phenotypes. How 5-HT is utilized by the immune system to effect CNS function and ultimately behaviors related to depression is still not well understood. This Review summarizes the evidence that immune system alterations related to depression affect CNS 5-HT signaling that can alter MDD-relevant behaviors and that 5-HT regulates immune system signaling within the CNS and periphery. We suggest that targeting the interrelationships between immune and 5-HT signaling may provide more effective treatments for subsets of those suffering from inflammation-associated MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Robson
- Department of Biomedical
Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Meagan A. Quinlan
- Department of Biomedical
Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7933, United States
| | - Randy D. Blakely
- Department of Biomedical
Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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Vogelaar L, de Haar C, Aerts BR, Peppelenbosch MP, Timman R, Hanssen BE, van der Woude CJ. Fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is associated with distinct differences in immune parameters. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2017; 10:83-90. [PMID: 28496351 PMCID: PMC5422327 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s123942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although it is well recognized that fatigue is an important problem in many of the quiescent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, it is unknown whether the immune status is different in fatigued versus non-fatigued patients. In this study, we contrasted various characteristics of the immune system in fatigued against non-fatigued patients with IBD in clinical remission. Patients and methods Patients with IBD in clinical remission were phenotyped according to the Montreal classification, and the checklist individual strength-fatigue (CIS-fatigue) was used to assess fatigue (CIS-fatigue ≥ 35). Flow cytometry on peripheral blood samples was used to investigate differences in leukocyte subsets. The expression of various cytokines was determined in stimulated whole blood and serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Differences between fatigued and non-fatigued patients with IBD were assessed. Results In total, 55 patients were included in the fatigue group (FG) and 29 patients in the non-fatigue group (NFG). No differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were observed between the groups. Flow cytometry data showed a significantly lower percentage of monocytes (p = 0.011) and a higher percentage of memory T-cells (p = 0.005) and neutrophils (p = 0.033) in the FG compared with the NFG. Whole blood stimulation showed increased TNF-α (p = 0.022) and IFN-γ (p = 0.047) in the FG. The median serum level was significantly higher for IL-12 (p < 0.001) and IL-10 (p = 0.005) and lower for IL-6 (p = 0.002) in the FG compared with NFG. Conclusion Significant differences in immune profile between fatigued and non-fatigued patients with IBD in clinical remission were found, which point out to a chronically active and Th1-skewed immune system in patients with fatigue. Whether these immune differences are directly involved in the fatigue complaints via immune-to-brain communication pathways remains to be determined. As such, further exploration of the underlying immune effects associated with fatigue is warranted to determine potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauran Vogelaar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam
| | - Colin de Haar
- Applied Tumor Immunology, Laboratory of Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - Bas Rj Aerts
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam
| | | | - Reinier Timman
- Department of Psychiatry, Section of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bettina E Hanssen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam
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Heritability of plasma neopterin levels in the Old Order Amish. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 307:37-41. [PMID: 28495136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the heritability of neopterin, a biomarker for cell-mediated immunity and oxidative stress, and potentially for psychiatric disorders, in the Old Order Amish. METHODS Plasma neopterin levels were determined in 2015 Old Order Amish adults. Quantitative genetic procedures were used to estimate heritability of neopterin. RESULTS Heritability of log-neopterin was estimated at 0.07 after adjusting for age, gender, and household (p=0.03). The shared household effect was 0.06 (p<0.02). CONCLUSIONS We found a low heritability of neopterin and small household effect, suggesting that non-household environmental factors are more important determinants of variance of neopterin levels in the Amish.
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Davis DJ, Hecht PM, Jasarevic E, Beversdorf DQ, Will MJ, Fritsche K, Gillespie CH. Sex-specific effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the microbiome and behavior of socially-isolated mice. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 59:38-48. [PMID: 27621225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to have a beneficial effect on reducing the symptoms associated with several neuropsychiatric conditions including anxiety and depression. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain largely unknown. Increasing evidence suggests that the vast repertoire of commensal bacteria within the gut plays a critical role in regulating various biological processes in the brain and may contribute to neuropsychiatric disease risk. The present study determined the contribution of DHA on anxiety and depressive-like behaviors through modulation of the gut microbiota in a paradigm of social isolation. Adult male and female mice were subjected to social isolation for 28days and then placed either on a control diet or a diet supplemented with 0.1% or 1.0% DHA. Fecal pellets were collected both 24h and 7days following the introduction of the new diets. Behavioral testing revealed that male mice fed a DHA diet, regardless of dose, exhibited reduced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors compared to control fed mice while no differences were observed in female mice. As the microbiota-brain-axis has been recently implicated in behavior, composition of microbial communities were analyzed to examine if these sex-specific effects of DHA may be associated with changes in the gut microbiota (GM). Clear sex differences were observed with males and females showing distinct microbial compositions prior to DHA supplementation. The introduction of DHA into the diet also induced sex-specific interactions on the GM with the fatty acid producing a significant effect on the microbial profiles in males but not in females. Interestingly, levels of Allobaculum and Ruminococcus were found to significantly correlate with the behavioral changes observed in the male mice. Predictive metagenome analysis using PICRUSt was performed on the fecal samples collected from males and identified enrichment in functional KEGG pathway terms relevant to processes such as the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant metabolism. These results indicate that DHA alters commensal community composition and produces beneficial effects on anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in a sex-specific manner. The present study provides insight into the mechanistic role that gut microbes may play in the regulation of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and how dietary intervention can modulate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Davis
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - Patrick M Hecht
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Eldin Jasarevic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - David Q Beversdorf
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Department of Radiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, United States; Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, William and Nancy Thompson Endowed Chair in Radiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Matthew J Will
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Kevin Fritsche
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Catherine H Gillespie
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
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Mohyuddin H, Georgiou P, Wadhawan A, Daue ML, Brenner LA, Gragnoli C, Saunders EFH, Fuchs D, Lowry CA, Postolache TT. Seasonality of blood neopterin levels in the Old Order Amish. Pteridines 2017; 28:163-176. [PMID: 29657362 DOI: 10.1515/pterid-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal changes in non-human animals and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in humans are associated with immune activation in winter relative to summer. We intended to measure seasonal variation in neopterin, a marker of cellular immunity, and its interactions with gender and seasonality of mood. We studied 320 Amish from Lancaster, PA, USA (men = 128; 40%) with an average age [Standard deviation (SD)] of 56.7 (13.9) years. Blood neopterin level was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seasonality was measured with Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). Statistical analysis included analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) and multivariate linear regression. We also investigated interactions of seasonal differences in neopterin with gender, seasonality scores and estimation of SAD diagnosis. We found a significantly higher neopterin level in winter than in summer (p = 0.006). There were no significant gender or seasonality interactions. Our study confirmed the hypothesized higher neopterin level in winter. A cross sectional design was our major limitation. If this finding will be replicated by longitudinal studies in multiple groups, neopterin could be used to monitor immune status across seasons in demographically diverse samples, even if heterogeneous in gender distribution, and degree of seasonality of mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Mohyuddin
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Polymnia Georgiou
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; and Saint Elizabeths' Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Melanie L Daue
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; and Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Departments of Psychiatry, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Denver, CO, USA; and Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Claudia Gragnoli
- Division of Endocrinology, Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bios Biotech Multi Diagnostic Health Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika F H Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Denver, CO, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO, USA; and Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chrysin promotes attenuation of depressive-like behavior and hippocampal dysfunction resulting from olfactory bulbectomy in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:154-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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A meta-analysis of blood cytokine network alterations in psychiatric patients: comparisons between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:1696-1709. [PMID: 26903267 PMCID: PMC6056174 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1075] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) have all been associated with aberrant blood cytokine levels; however, neither the pattern of cytokine alterations nor the impact of clinical status have been compared across disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of blood cytokines in acutely and chronically ill patients with these major psychiatric disorders. Articles were identified by searching the PubMed, PsycInfo and Web of Science, and the reference lists of these studies. Sixty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria (40 schizophrenia, 10 bipolar disorder and 18 MDD) for acutely ill patients. Forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria (18 schizophrenia, 16 bipolar disorder and 12 MDD) for chronically ill patients. Levels of two cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), one soluble cytokine receptor (sIL-2R), and one cytokine receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) were significantly increased in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia, bipolar mania and MDD compared with controls (P<0.01). Following treatment of the acute illness, IL-6 levels significantly decreased in both schizophrenia and MDD (P<0.01); sIL-2R levels increased in schizophrenia; and IL-1RA levels in bipolar mania decreased. In chronically ill patients, the levels of IL-6 were significantly increased in schizophrenia, euthymic (but not depressed) bipolar disorder and MDD compared with controls (P<0.01). The levels of IL-1β and sIL-2R were significantly increased in both chronic schizophrenia and euthymic bipolar disorder. Overall, there were similarities in the pattern of cytokine alterations in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and MDD during acute and chronic phases of illness, raising the possibility of common underlying pathways for immune dysfunction. Effects of treatment on cytokines were more robust for schizophrenia and MDD, but were more frequently studied than for acute mania. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of major psychiatric disorders.
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Veniaminova EA, Strekalova TV. Increased intake of fat and cholesterol as a pathogenetic factor of depression: A possible molecular mechanism. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zepf FD, Stewart RM. Inflammation, immunity and suicidality: a potential role for autoantibodies against neurotransmitters and antiphospholipid syndrome? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 133:249-50. [PMID: 26456155 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F D Zepf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. .,Department of Health in Western Australia, Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - R M Stewart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Slyepchenko A, Maes M, Köhler CA, Anderson G, Quevedo J, Alves GS, Berk M, Fernandes BS, Carvalho AF. T helper 17 cells may drive neuroprogression in major depressive disorder: Proposal of an integrative model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 64:83-100. [PMID: 26898639 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The exact pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) remains elusive. The monoamine theory, which hypothesizes that MDD emerges as a result of dysfunctional serotonergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways, has guided the therapy of this illness for several decades. More recently, the involvement of activated immune, oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways and of decreased levels of neurotrophic factors has provided emerging insights regarding the pathophysiology of MDD, leading to integrated theories emphasizing the complex interplay of these mechanisms that could lead to neuroprogression. In this review, we propose an integrative model suggesting that T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of MDD through (i) microglial activation, (ii) interactions with oxidative and nitrosative stress, (iii) increases of autoantibody production and the propensity for autoimmunity, (iv) disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and (v) dysregulation of the gut mucosa and microbiota. The clinical and research implications of this model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Slyepchenko
- Womens Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, MiNDS Program, McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Cristiano A Köhler
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - João Quevedo
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gilberto S Alves
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Brisa S Fernandes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Laboratory of Calcium Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Zhuang F, Zhou X, Gao X, Lou D, Bi X, Qin S, Sun C, Ye P, Wang Y, Ma T, Li M, Gu S. Cytokines and glucocorticoid receptors are associated with the antidepressant-like effect of alarin. Peptides 2016; 76:115-29. [PMID: 26779986 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the physiological or pharmacological properties of alarin, a new neuropeptide belonging to the galanin family. We previously showed that alarin has an antidepressant-like effect and is associated with a decrease in the hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that is observed in patients with depression using unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model of depression. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been uncovered. Inflammatory cytokines are reportedly associated with depression. Animal studies and cytokine immune therapy in humans suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines induce depressive symptomatology and potently activate the HPA axis, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines may decrease activation. Thus, we first determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the blood and brain to evaluate whether the antidepressant-like effect of alarin in UCMS-treated mice is related to its regulation of these inflammatory cytokines. Pro-inflammatory cytokines disrupt the function and/or expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), which mediate the negative feedback of glucocorticoids on the HPA axis to keep it from being overactivated. We next explored the expression level of GRs in the brains of mice subjected to UCMS and to the administration of alarin. We found that intracerebroventricular administration of alarin significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors in the UCMS-treated mice. Alarin restored the UCMS-induced an increase in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α and a decrease in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level in the blood, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Alarin also reversed the UCMS-induced down-regulation of GR expression in these brain regions. Thus, the antidepressant-like effects of alarin may be mediated by restoring altered pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and GR expression to decrease HPA axis hyperactivity. Our findings provide additional knowledge to interpret the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhi Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xuesheng Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shoujun Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chuxiao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Mei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shuling Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Boyce WT. Differential Susceptibility of the Developing Brain to Contextual Adversity and Stress. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:142-62. [PMID: 26391599 PMCID: PMC4677150 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A swiftly growing volume of literature, comprising both human and animal studies and employing both observational and experimental designs, has documented striking individual differences in neurobiological sensitivities to environmental circumstances within subgroups of study samples. This differential susceptibility to social and physical environments operates bidirectionally, in both adverse and beneficial contexts, and results in a minority subpopulation with remarkably poor or unusually positive trajectories of health and development, contingent upon the character of environmental conditions. Differences in contextual susceptibility appear to emerge in early development, as the interactive and adaptive product of genetic and environmental attributes. This paper surveys what is currently known of the mechanisms or mediators of differential susceptibility, at the levels of temperament and behavior, physiological systems, brain circuitry and neuronal function, and genetic and epigenetic variation. It concludes with the assertion that differential susceptibility is inherently grounded within processes of biological moderation, the complexities of which are at present only partially understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Thomas Boyce
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Cumulative meta-analysis of interleukins 6 and 1β, tumour necrosis factor α and C-reactive protein in patients with major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 49:206-15. [PMID: 26065825 PMCID: PMC4566946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 719] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulative meta-analyses are used to evaluate the extent to which further studies are needed to confirm or refute a hypothesis. We used this approach to assess observational evidence on systemic inflammation in individuals with major depressive disorder. We identified 58 studies of four common inflammatory markers in a literature search of PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo databases in May 2014. Pooled data from the earliest eight studies already showed an association between interleukin-6 concentrations and major depression; 23 more recent studies confirmed this finding (d=0.54, p<0.0001). A significant association between C-reactive protein levels and major depression was noted after 14 studies and this did not change after addition of six more studies (d=0.47, p<0.0001). For these two inflammatory markers, there was moderate heterogeneity in study-specific estimates, subgroup differences were small, and publication bias appeared to be an unlikely explanation for the findings. Sensitivity analyses including only high-quality studies and subjects free of antidepressant medication further verified the associations. While there was a link between tumour necrosis factor-α levels and major depression (d=0.40, p=0.002), the cumulative effect remained uncertain due to the extensive heterogeneity in study-specific estimates and inconsistencies between subgroups. No evidence was found for the association between interleukin-1β levels and major depression (d=-0.05, p=0.86). In conclusion, this cumulative meta-analysis confirmed higher mean levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in patients with major depression compared to non-depressed controls. No consistent association between tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and major depression was observed. Future studies should clarify the specific immune mechanisms involved as well as continue testing anti-inflammatory therapies in patients suffering from major depression.
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