1
|
Galán-Luque T, Cabello E, Orgilés M. Comparative randomized trial addressing childhood emotional problems: Computerized vs. traditional transdiagnostic Super Skills program. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:95-104. [PMID: 39151761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Super Skills for Life is a structured intervention rooted in cognitive-behavioral therapy and a transdiagnostic approach, aimed at preventing childhood emotional problems. Over the past decade, it has demonstrated positive outcomes in various formats and countries. This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of two individual modalities: the computerized and the traditional version enriched with multimedia content, through a comparative randomized effectiveness trial. METHOD 109 children (55.24 % female) aged 8-12 years participated, randomly assigned to either the traditional (n = 54) or computerized (n = 51) groups. Pre- and post-intervention assessments involved emotional problem measures completed by children and parents. RESULTS Both groups exhibited significant reductions in all outcomes according to parent reports, including depression, anxiety, and anxiety-related life interference. Children's self-reports indicated improvements across all general measures. Generalized Estimating Equations indicated marginally better improvements in the traditional group. LIMITATIONS Limitations included the absence of follow-up assessment, variability in participant regions across Spain, and input from other informants like teachers. CONCLUSIONS This study pioneers the examination of short-term effects of the program in both a fully computerized format supervised by a specialized therapist and an enriched traditional individual format, and the promising results suggest their potential for indicated prevention of childhood emotional problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Galán-Luque
- Child and Adolescence Research Center, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Esteban Cabello
- Centre of Operations Research, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Mireia Orgilés
- Child and Adolescence Research Center, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Klaufus LH, Verlinden E, van der Wal MF, Cuijpers P, Chinapaw MJM, Boschloo L. Exploring the Association of Age with Depressive Symptomatology in Childhood and Adolescence: A Network Study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2024; 53:669-679. [PMID: 35939779 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2022.2096044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the association of age with individual depression and anxiety symptoms and their connectivity (i.e., number/strength of connections with other symptoms) in girls and boys. METHOD Our study comprised cross-sectional data from 31,960 Dutch girls and 32,162 Dutch boys aged 8 to 18 and considered 11 depression symptoms and 14 anxiety symptoms measured by the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale. Network estimations were used to examine whether age was associated with individual symptoms and, in a separate step, with the connectivity of depression symptoms with other depression symptoms and with the connectivity of depression symptoms with anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Age was, in general, positively associated with depression symptoms in girls, but not in boys, and with the connectivity of depression symptoms with other depression symptoms in both sexes. These findings were the most profound for energy-related symptoms in girls. Age was, in general, negatively associated with anxiety symptoms and not or negatively associated with the connectivity of depression symptoms with anxiety symptoms in girls and boys, respectively. Substantial differences across symptoms were found. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that it is important to focus on individual symptoms, for age is mainly associated with energy-related depression symptoms and their connectivity in girls. Future etiologic studies may examine the role of energy-related depression symptoms in the development of depressive symptomatology in girls as these symptoms seem potential targets for the prevention of depression in the female population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie H Klaufus
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion, and Health Care Innovation, Public Health Service Amsterdam
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit
| | - Eva Verlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion, and Health Care Innovation, Public Health Service Amsterdam
| | - Marcel F van der Wal
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion, and Health Care Innovation, Public Health Service Amsterdam
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro, and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit
| | - Mai J M Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit
| | - Lynn Boschloo
- Department of Clinical, Neuro, and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Diego S, Morales A, Orgilés M. Treating Emotional Disorders in Spanish Children: A Controlled Randomized Trial in a Clinical Setting. Behav Ther 2024; 55:292-305. [PMID: 38418041 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Super Skills for Life (SSL) is a CBT-transdiagnostic group intervention currently being translated and validated in multiple countries. In Spanish children, it has shown a positive impact on anxious and depressive symptoms, as well as other variables such as self-concept, prosocial behaviors, or behavioral problems. However, the effectiveness of the program to treat internalizing symptoms in children with a mental disorder in a clinical setting has not been examined so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SSL in a Spanish sample of children with a major internalizing disorder. Participants aged 8-12 years (71.6% boys) were randomly allocated to the SSL group (n = 43) or the waiting list control (WLC) group (n = 43). All children and their parents completed a series of measures before the first session and after the last session or at about the same time in the WLC group. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed using generalized estimating equations. Significant reductions from pretest to posttest across multiple outcomes were found in children who participated in SSL group compared to those in the WLC group, including anxiety symptoms (SCAS, p = .02), anxiety interference (CALIS, p = .002), depressive symptoms (CDI, p = .033) and remission from diagnosis (K-SADS, p < .001). This study provides initial support for SSL as an effective treatment for children with emotional disorders in clinical settings. Future studies are needed to analyze long-term effects and broader benefits of the program in clinical contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Diego
- Miguel Hernández University; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Martinsen K, Lisøy C, Wentzel-Larsen T, Neumer SP, Rasmussen LMP, Adolfsen F, Sund AM, Ingul JM. School children's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1290358. [PMID: 38327509 PMCID: PMC10848797 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1290358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the daily routines of children, with social distancing and quarantine leading to reduced social interactions and potential increased conflicts within families. These factors can increase the risk for anxiety and depression while reducing overall quality of life. Methods Our study included 1843 school children aged 8 to 12 from 56 schools over a 2.5-year period before and during the pandemic. This multi-wave cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from an optimization trial of an indicated preventive intervention. The main outcomes were self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression, and quality of life was the secondary outcome measure. Furthermore, responses to COVID-relevant questions were measured using a self-composed scale. Our objectives were to compare anxiety and depression symptom levels between cohorts of children who participated in the study before and during the pandemic, to examine if anxiety or depression predicted the COVID response, and whether anxiety and depression and subtypes of anxiety had an impact on quality of life during the pandemic. Linear regression and interaction models were used to examine relevant associations. Results Levels of anxiety and depression were higher in all waves compared to pre-pandemic levels. Quality of life was lower during the pandemic than before the pandemic, particularly among children with generalized anxiety symptoms. Quality of life was negatively associated with loneliness. Discussion Our study revealed that children reported higher anxious and depressive symptoms during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels, as well as reduced quality of life. Lockdowns and restrictions may have contributed to this burden. Additionally, self-reported loneliness was a significant possible consequence of the restrictive measures imposed on children during the pandemic. Additional research is needed to investigate the long-term effects of the pandemic on children, particularly regarding the stability of elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Such studies could examine whether these conditions are indicative of a trajectory toward more severe internalizing disorders.Clinical trial registration: NCT04263558.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Martinsen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Regional Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carina Lisøy
- Regional Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Wentzel-Larsen
- Regional Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon-Peter Neumer
- Regional Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lene-Mari Potulski Rasmussen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Frode Adolfsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Larsen L, Schauber SK, Holt T, Helland MS. Longitudinal Covid-19 effects on child mental health: vulnerability and age dependent trajectories. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:104. [PMID: 37667287 PMCID: PMC10476387 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few longitudinal studies have investigated the extended long-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic for children's and adolescents' mental health, and a lack of uniform findings suggest heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic. METHODS This study investigated child and adolescent mental health symptoms across four occasions (pre-pandemic, initial lockdown, second lockdown, and society post reopening) using data from the Dynamics of Family Conflict study. Child and adolescent depressive vulnerability, age, and sex were explored as trajectory moderators. Children and adolescents (N = 381, Mage = 13.65, SD = 1.74) self-reported their anxiety, depression, and externalizing symptoms. Mixed effects analyses were performed to investigate trajectories across measurement occasions and interaction terms between occasion and moderator variables were included to better understand the heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic. RESULTS Children and adolescents reported increases in anxiety symptoms at the second lockdown (t(523) = -3.66, p < .01) and when society had reopened (t(522) = -4.90, p < .001). An increase in depression symptoms was seen when society had reopened relative to the three previous measurement occasions (ps < 0.01). Depressive vulnerability moderated the trajectory for anxiety symptoms (F(3,498) = 3.05, p = .028), while age moderated the trajectory for depression symptoms (F(3,532) = 2.97, p = .031). CONCLUSION The delayed and negative impact on children's and adolescents' mental health underscores the need for continued monitoring, and implementation of support systems to help and mitigate further deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Larsen
- Division of Mental & Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Tonje Holt
- Division of Mental & Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maren Sand Helland
- Division of Mental & Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kanine RM, Bush ML, Davis M, Jones JD, Sbrilli MD, Young JF. Depression Prevention in Pediatric Primary Care: Implementation and Outcomes of Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Adolescent Skills Training. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:96-108. [PMID: 34379228 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the fidelity, feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a depression prevention program, interpersonal psychotherapy-adolescent skills training (IPT-AST), in urban pediatric primary care (PC) with a sample of primarily Black youth. Twenty-two adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms participated in this open clinical trial. Adolescents were identified through a screening questionnaire completed at well visits. Ratings of IPT-AST fidelity and session attendance were recorded. Youth and caregivers reported on their attitudes toward the intervention and completed measures of adolescents' symptoms and functioning pre- and post-intervention. Results demonstrated high levels of fidelity, attendance, and acceptability, despite some difficulties with recruitment. Adolescents and caregivers reported significant improvements in functioning. There were marginally significant reductions in self-reported depression, anxiety, and total mental health symptoms. Caregivers reported a significant decrease in total mental health symptoms. Findings provide preliminary information regarding the implementation and effects of IPT-AST when delivered in PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Kanine
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 2716 South St., Room 8472, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.
| | - Morgan L Bush
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 2716 South St., Room 8472, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Molly Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Penn Implementation Science Center at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 2716 South St., Room 8472, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marissa D Sbrilli
- Clinical-Community Psychology PhD Program, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois - Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jami F Young
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 2716 South St., Room 8472, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fadardi JS, Memarian S, Parkinson J, Cox WM, Stacy AW. Scary in the eye of the beholder: Attentional bias and attentional retraining for social anxiety. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:141-151. [PMID: 36463629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Consistent with cognitive models of social anxiety, socially anxious individuals show cognitive biases that magnify their perceived level of threat in the environment. OBJECTIVES The first objective was to determine whether attentional bias for socially threatening stimuli occurs after concomitant depression has been controlled. The second objective was to test the effectiveness of the Attention Control Training Program for Social Anxiety (ACTP-SA) for reducing social anxiety attentional bias and improving therapeutic indices in people with social anxiety. METHOD In the first study, socially anxious (N = 30) and non-anxious individuals (N = 30) completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Conner's Social Phobia Inventory, a social-anxiety Stroop test, and a clinical interview. In the second study, individuals with social anxiety (N = 30) were randomly assigned to an experimental group that received 4 sessions of ACTP-SA, or to a sham-intervention control condition. At the post-test and a 3-month follow-up, both groups completed the same measures as in Study 1. RESULTS In Study 1, socially anxious individuals showed higher attentional bias for threatening stimuli than the controls, after depression had been controlled for. In Study 2, participants in the experimental group, compared with the controls, showed greater reductions in attentional bias, social anxiety, and trait anxiety at post-test and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results underscore the importance of information processing biases in social anxiety and the benefits of attentional bias training as a complementary intervention for modifying symptoms of social anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad S Fadardi
- Claremont Graduate University, United States; Bangor University, UK; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jones JD, Hankin BL, Gallop R, Haraden D, Sbrilli MD, Garber J, Young JF. Effects of personalized depression prevention on anxiety through 18-month follow-up: A randomized controlled trial. Behav Res Ther 2022; 156:104156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Martins DS, Sampaio TPDA, Lotufo Neto F. Relationships between worry and depressive symptoms during two group therapies for generalized anxiety disorder. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic and disabling disorder associated with various impairments and shows a significant prevalence in the worldwide and Brazilian populations. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship of two symptoms relevant to the disorder (worry and depressive symptoms) in the context of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) by using a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) analysis. Methods: A total of 92 adult patients with GAD were randomized to receive ten sessions of either acceptance‐based group behavioral therapy (ABBT) or nondirective supportive group therapy (NDST). Treatment had four time-point measures. Worries were measured using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and depression was measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-D). Results: The NDST model revealed significant paths from worry to depression (first wave) and from depression to worry (second wave). There was no other significant cross-lagged effect. These data show that there was an influence between symptoms only during one of the treatment groups, and without a homogeneous and constant pattern in any of the cross-lagged routes. Conclusion: A supportive group psychotherapy potentially interferes with the pattern of the direct relationship between worries and depressive symptoms in adults with GAD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cognitive mechanisms predicting resilient functioning in adolescence: Evidence from the CogBIAS longitudinal study. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:345-353. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420000668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractResilience is a dynamic process depicted by better than expected levels of functioning in response to significant adversity. This can be assessed statistically, by taking the residuals from a model of psychological functioning regressed onto negative life events. We report the first study to investigate multiple cognitive factors in relation to this depiction of resilient functioning. Life events, internalizing symptoms, and a range of cognitive risk and protective factors were assessed in a large sample of adolescents (N = 504) across three waves spaced 12–18 months apart. Adolescents who displayed fewer symptoms than expected, relative to negative life events, were considered more resilient. Adolescents who displayed more symptoms than expected, relative to negative life events, were considered less resilient. All cognitive factors were associated with resilient functioning to differing degrees. These included memory bias, interpretation bias, worry, rumination, self-esteem, and self-reported trait resilience. Regression models showed that memory bias was a key factor explaining unique variance in prospective resilient functioning. In a subsequent cross-lagged panel model, memory bias and resilient functioning were reinforcing mechanisms across time points, supporting cognitive models of emotional resilience. This study adds to the literature, by highlighting key cognitive mechanisms as potential intervention targets
Collapse
|
11
|
Frank HE, Titone MK, Kagan ER, Alloy LB, Kendall PC. The Role of Comorbid Depression in Youth Anxiety Treatment Outcomes. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:1024-1031. [PMID: 33068210 PMCID: PMC8052378 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Findings have been mixed regarding the relationship between comorbid depression and anxiety and treatment outcomes for anxious youth. The current study compared a sample of anxious youth with a comorbid depressive disorder (n = 20) and those without comorbid depression (n = 137). All participants received 16 weekly sessions of Coping Cat and completed measures assessing anxiety/depression severity, impairment, and functioning at pretreatment and posttreatment. Results indicated that anxiety-focused CBT is efficacious for anxious youth with and without comorbid depressive disorders, with a higher rate of symptom improvement for youth with comorbid depression during treatment. However, comorbid depression was associated with higher severity at baseline and after treatment. Thus, despite the higher rate of symptom improvement, anxious youth with comorbid depression may benefit from additional treatment to address remaining symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Frank
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Bradley Hospital, 1011 Veterans Memorial Parkway, Riverside, RI, 02915, USA.
| | - Madison K Titone
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- VASDHD/UCSD, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Elana R Kagan
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, 720 Aliceanna St, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Lauren B Alloy
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip C Kendall
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Perceived Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety and Stress amongst Staff in a Malaysian Public University: A Workers Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211874. [PMID: 34831628 PMCID: PMC8623520 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mental health conditions are a major part of workers’ health that predisposes to poor self-motivation for sustaining productivity. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among staff in a Malaysian public university and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 459 staff from the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) between April and June 2019. A questionnaire that consisted of items on socio-demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, employment description, lifestyle risk behaviors, personal medical history, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress was administered to participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using SPSS version 22.0. The prevalence of perceived symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among the respondents was 28.7%, 50.1%, and 14.8%, respectively. Over one-quarter (26.5%) of the participants presented symptoms of two or more mental disorders. Women, those aged less than 40 years old, and non-academic professionals were more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms, while those with medical conditions that required hospitalizations sustained anxiety symptoms. Perceived stress was more likely to be prevalent among staff with secondary education or less and smokers. Proactive support for staff needs to be offered in sustaining their emotional well-being.
Collapse
|
13
|
Finbråten HS, Kleppang AL, Steigen AM. Using the Rasch measurement theory to assess the psychometric properties of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 in adolescents. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:248. [PMID: 34706715 PMCID: PMC8555125 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 (HSCL-10) is widely used to measure psychological distress in adolescents. To provide valid and reliable results and generate recommendations for practice and policies, instruments with sound psychometric properties are required. The purpose of this study is to use Rasch measurement theory to assess the psychometric properties of the HSCL-10 among adolescents aged 13-19. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 6445 adolescents responded to a web-based questionnaire. Data were collected from lower and upper secondary schools in Norway during 2018. The data were analysed using the partial credit parameterisation of the unidimensional Rasch model. RESULTS HSCL-10 was found to be unidimensional and to have acceptable reliability. One pair of items showed response dependency. The targeting of the instrument could have been better. All items had ordered thresholds. Three items under-discriminated and three displayed differential item functioning regarding gender. CONCLUSIONS HSCL-10 has potential for measuring psychological distress in adolescents, though there is room for improvement. To further improve this instrument, some items should be rephrased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Søberg Finbråten
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 400, 2418 Elverum, Norway
| | - Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 400, 2418 Elverum, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Steigen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 400, 2418 Elverum, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kemper AR, Letostak TB, Hostutler CA, Stephenson KG, Butter EM. Screening for Anxiety in Pediatric Primary Care: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2021; 148:peds.2021-052633. [PMID: 34475269 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-052633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Anxiety is common, screening tools are available, and treatment can be effective. Recently, anxiety screening has been recommended for adolescent girls beginning at 13 years of age. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence regarding anxiety screening test accuracy in primary care for children and adolescents and assess the effectiveness of treatment of individuals identified through screening. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed, the Cochrane library, and references to potentially eligible studies cited in other articles. STUDY SELECTION Screening studies were included if they were conducted in primary care or a similar population and employed a reference standard based on DSM criteria. Treatment studies were included if subjects were identified through screening and there was at least 1 comparator intervention or a placebo arm. DATA EXTRACTION At least 2 reviewers evaluated each identified reference. RESULTS Two screening studies (1 with low risk of bias and 1 with high risk of bias) and 1 treatment study with a low risk of bias were included. The screening study with a low risk of bias reported a sensitivity of 56% and specificity of 80%. The treatment study found individual cognitive behavioral therapy to be effective for screen-detected adolescents with social phobia. LIMITATIONS This review only included screening or treatment studies with clear evidence that the study populations were derived from an unselected population reflective of typical primary care. Relevant studies not indexed in PubMed or the Cochrane library could have been missed. CONCLUSIONS There are significant gaps in evidence related to anxiety screening in the primary care setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eric M Butter
- Psychology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sulis W. The Continuum Between Temperament and Mental Illness as Dynamical Phases and Transitions. Front Psychiatry 2021; 11:614982. [PMID: 33536952 PMCID: PMC7848037 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.614982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The full range of biopsychosocial complexity is mind-boggling, spanning a vast range of spatiotemporal scales with complicated vertical, horizontal, and diagonal feedback interactions between contributing systems. It is unlikely that such complexity can be dealt with by a single model. One approach is to focus on a narrower range of phenomena which involve fewer systems but still cover the range of spatiotemporal scales. The suggestion is to focus on the relationship between temperament in healthy individuals and mental illness, which have been conjectured to lie along a continuum of neurobehavioral regulation involving neurochemical regulatory systems (e.g., monoamine and acetylcholine, opiate receptors, neuropeptides, oxytocin), and cortical regulatory systems (e.g., prefrontal, limbic). Temperament and mental illness are quintessentially dynamical phenomena, and need to be addressed in dynamical terms. A meteorological metaphor suggests similarities between temperament and chronic mental illness and climate, between individual behaviors and weather, and acute mental illness and frontal weather events. The transition from normative temperament to chronic mental illness is analogous to climate change. This leads to the conjecture that temperament and chronic mental illness describe distinct, high level, dynamical phases. This suggests approaching biopsychosocial complexity through the study of dynamical phases, their order and control parameters, and their phase transitions. Unlike transitions in physical systems, these biopsychosocial phase transitions involve information and semiotics. The application of complex adaptive dynamical systems theory has led to a host of markers including geometrical markers (periodicity, intermittency, recurrence, chaos) and analytical markers such as fluctuation spectroscopy, scaling, entropy, recurrence time. Clinically accessible biomarkers, in particular heart rate variability and activity markers have been suggested to distinguish these dynamical phases and to signal the presence of transitional states. A particular formal model of these dynamical phases will be presented based upon the process algebra, which has been used to model information flow in complex systems. In particular it describes the dual influences of energy and information on the dynamics of complex systems. The process algebra model is well-suited for dealing with the particular dynamical features of the continuum, which include transience, contextuality, and emergence. These dynamical phases will be described using the process algebra model and implications for clinical practice will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Sulis
- Collective Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cervin M, Pozza A, Barcaccia B, Dèttore D. Internalized psychopathology dimensions in middle childhood: Cross-sectional and temporal associations. J Anxiety Disord 2020; 76:102300. [PMID: 32942083 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms often onset during middle childhood and are major causes of disability in young individuals. A better understanding of how these symptoms are linked and unfold over time is important to develop valid etiological models and effective prevention and treatment. METHODS In the present study, 950 community children (8-14 years) reported on a broad range of internalised symptoms at three time points over the course of a year. First, factor analysis was used to examine the overarching dimensions of these symptoms. Second, network analysis was used to examine unique cross-sectional associations among these empirically supported symptom dimensions. Last, longitudinal structural equation models (SEMs) were used to examine temporal associations among the symptom dimensions. RESULTS Six broad symptom dimensions fitted the self-report data well at all time points. These dimensions were conceptualized as depression, general anxiety, situational fears, compulsivity, intrusive thoughts, and somatic anxiety. Network analysis showed that these dimensions formed a highly interconnected network with general anxiety and somatic anxiety being most central (i.e., most strongly associated with other dimensions) at all time points. Longitudinal SEMs supported the central role played by general anxiety in the temporal associations among these dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Overarching expressions of internalized psychopathology are highly interconnected in middle childhood with possible central roles played by general and somatic anxiety. Interventions aimed at a general proneness for anxiety may be warranted in preventing and treating internalizing symptoms in middle childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Cervin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrea Pozza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Barbara Barcaccia
- Department of Education, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy; Associazione di Psicologia Cognitiva (APC) and Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva srl (SPC), Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Dèttore
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety, depression and somatization (the internalizing cluster) are highly comorbid, prevalent and associated with significant individual and societal costs. Although prior studies have examined their natural course, there has been a little investigation into how symptoms unfold at the individual level. We examined the intraindividual (within-person) temporal patterning of symptom development and the impact of risk factors (sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic indicators, bullying victimization, child maltreatment) on symptom means and trajectories (between-person), comparing youth and parent reports. METHOD Over a 7-year interval from age 11 to 17, children (n = 669; 54% girls; 79% White) and parents (89% mothers) reported on symptoms of anxiety and depression from age 11 and somatization from age 13. Autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals were used to uncouple within- and between-person sources of variance. RESULTS According to self-reports, generalized anxiety consistently predicted depression, while anxiety and depression consistently predicted somatization. Anxiety also had an indirect effect on somatization via depression. According to parent reports, there were several bidirectional effects between anxiety and depression and between depression and somatization. Experiences of abuse were consistent risk factors for self-reported internalizing symptoms, and across informants, girls had higher symptom means and rising trajectories compared to boys. CONCLUSION Generalized anxiety plays an important role in adolescent depressive and somatic symptoms. Primary prevention of anxiety may be warranted to curb symptom continuity and the development of comorbidity. Research is needed to determine whether self-reports of anxiety should be prioritized over parent reports and continued efforts are needed to reduce bullying and child maltreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty S Lee
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education and School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ramón-Arbués E, Gea-Caballero V, Granada-López JM, Juárez-Vela R, Pellicer-García B, Antón-Solanas I. The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7001. [PMID: 32987932 PMCID: PMC7579351 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and associated factors in a population of college students. METHOD Cross-sectional study of psychological distress measured through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) in a sample of 1074 college students. RESULTS We found a moderate prevalence of depression (18.4%), anxiety (23.6%) and stress (34.5%) symptoms in our study population. Being <21, having problematic Internet use behavior, smoking, presenting insomnia and having a low self-esteem were independently associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Being a woman, living with their family, having a stable partner, consuming alcohol frequently and having poor nutritional habits were significantly associated with symptoms of stress; lacking a stable partner was significantly associated with depressive symptoms; and frequent consumption of alcohol was significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety. CONCLUSION We found a moderate prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in our population. Interventions aimed at promoting mental health among college students should be implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Nursing School La Fe, Adscript Center of University of Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Research Group GREIACC, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Faculty of Health Sciences, La Rioja University, 26006 Logroño, Spain;
| | - Begoña Pellicer-García
- Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Sector Alcañiz Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud Andorra Calle Huesca, 44500 Andorra, Spain;
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huckins JF, DaSilva AW, Hedlund EL, Murphy EI, Rogers C, Wang W, Obuchi M, Holtzheimer PE, Wagner DD, Campbell AT. Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression in College Students: Longitudinal Ecological Momentary Assessment and Causal Analysis Using Peter and Clark Momentary Conditional Independence. JMIR Ment Health 2020; 7:e16684. [PMID: 32519971 PMCID: PMC7315365 DOI: 10.2196/16684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Across college campuses, the prevalence of clinically relevant depression or anxiety is affecting more than 27% of the college population at some point between entry to college and graduation. Stress and self-esteem have both been hypothesized to contribute to depression and anxiety levels. Although contemporaneous relationships between these variables have been well-defined, the causal relationship between these mental health factors is not well understood, as frequent sampling can be invasive, and many of the current causal techniques are not well suited to investigate correlated variables. OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize the causal and contemporaneous networks between these critical mental health factors in a cohort of first-year college students and then determine if observed results replicate in a second, distinct cohort. METHODS Ecological momentary assessments of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem were obtained weekly from two cohorts of first-year college students for 40 weeks (1 academic year). We used the Peter and Clark Momentary Conditional Independence algorithm to identify the contemporaneous (t) and causal (t-1) network structures between these mental health metrics. RESULTS All reported results are significant at P<.001 unless otherwise stated. Depression was causally influenced by self-esteem (t-1 rp, cohort 1 [C1]=-0.082, cohort 2 [C2]=-0.095) and itself (t-1 rp, C1=0.388, C2=0.382) in both cohorts. Anxiety was causally influenced by stress (t-1 rp, C1=0.095, C2=0.104), self-esteem (t-1 rp, C1=-0.067, C2=-0.064, P=.002), and itself (t-1 rp, of C1=0.293, C2=0.339) in both cohorts. A causal link between anxiety and depression was observed in the first cohort (t-1 rp, C1=0.109) and only observed in the second cohort with a more liberal threshold (t-1 rp, C2=0.044, P=.03). Self-esteem was only causally influenced by itself (t-1 rp, C1=0.389, C2=0.393). Stress was only causally influenced by itself (t-1 rp, C1=0.248, C2=0.273). Anxiety had positive contemporaneous links to depression (t rp, C1=0.462, C2=0.444) and stress (t rp, C1=0.354, C2=0.358). Self-esteem had negative contemporaneous links to each of the other three mental health metrics, with the strongest negative relationship being stress (t rp, C1=-0.334, C2=-0.340), followed by depression (t rp, C1=-0.302, C2=-0.274) and anxiety (t rp, C1=-0.256, C2=-0.208). Depression had positive contemporaneous links to anxiety (previously mentioned) and stress (t rp, C1=0.250, C2=0.231). CONCLUSIONS This paper is an initial attempt to describe the contemporaneous and causal relationships among these four mental health metrics in college students. We replicated previous research identifying concurrent relationships between these variables and extended them by identifying causal links among these metrics. These results provide support for the vulnerability model of depression and anxiety. Understanding how causal factors impact the evolution of these mental states over time may provide key information for targeted treatment or, perhaps more importantly, preventative interventions for individuals at risk for depression and anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy F Huckins
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Alex W DaSilva
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Elin L Hedlund
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Eilis I Murphy
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Courtney Rogers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Weichen Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Mikio Obuchi
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Paul E Holtzheimer
- National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Dylan D Wagner
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrew T Campbell
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tan TX, Teng Y, Velasco JC. Youth's school experience: Testing the role of symptoms of anxiety and co-occurring symptoms of depression. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:526-538. [PMID: 31714616 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although symptoms of anxiety often coexist with symptoms of depression, little is known on how such coexistence affects youth's school experiences. OBJECTIVES We tested how the two types of behaviors, when coexisting, were associated with youth's negative attitude toward teachers, school, and poor peer relations. METHOD Data were collected from 203 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse youth (male: 24.6%; mean = 15.8 years, standard deviation = 2.4) with the 3rd edition of the Behavioral Assessment for Children: Self-Report of Personality. RESULTS Scores for symptoms of depression alone explained negative attitude toward teachers (β = .28; R2 = 17.88%), negative attitude toward school (β = .27; R2 = 14.74%), and poor peer relations (β = .42; R2 = 44.60%) as effectively as scores for both types of behaviors did. CONCLUSION The coexistence of symptoms of anxiety and depression did not appear to impair youth's attitude toward teachers, school and peer relations more than symptoms of depression did alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Xing Tan
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,English Department, School of Foreign Studies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuejia Teng
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Juliana C Velasco
- Department of Leadership, Counseling, Adult, Career and Higher Education, College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Separating within-person from between-person effects in the longitudinal co-occurrence of depression and different anxiety syndromes in youth. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
22
|
Orgilés M, Fernández-Martínez I, Espada JP, Morales A. Spanish version ofSuper Skills for Life: short- and long-term impact of a transdiagnostic prevention protocol targeting childhood anxiety and depression. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2019; 32:694-710. [DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2019.1645836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Orgilés
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - José P. Espada
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alexandra Morales
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bock A, Huber E, Müller S, Henkel M, Sevecke K, Schopper A, Steinmayr-Gensluckner M, Wieser E, Benecke C. [Levels of structural integration in adolescents and the relationship to later mental disorders - A longitudinal study]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2019; 47:400-410. [PMID: 30939974 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Levels of structural integration in adolescents and the relationship to later mental disorders - A longitudinal study Abstract. Objective: Psychological disorders frequently manifest during adolescence. Because of the multifactorial influencing factors, the courses of the diseases are heterogeneous, from relapsing-remitting to chronic. This study investigated whether the level of structural integration of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics in Childhood and Adolescence (OPD-CA) correlates with later symptomatic burden. Method: This long-term study assessed the levels of structural integration according to the OPD-CA of 60 adolescents (mean age = 15.6; SD = 0.9). Seven years later, we then measured symptomatic burden (SCID axis I and II) and overall burden (GAF, BSI-GSI) (73.3 % follow-up participation rate). Results: The results showed high correlations between deficient structural integration in adolescence and later symptoms and overall burden in early adulthood. Conclusion: The follow-up examination after a 7-year time period showed significant correlations, which argue for the predictive value of structural integration. This suggests that early specific treatment, e.g., in the form of intensive psychotherapy, be urgently recommended in order to influence this course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Bock
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - Eva Huber
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Steffen Müller
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Deutschland
| | - Miriam Henkel
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Deutschland
| | - Kathrin Sevecke
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Hall in Tirol, Österreich.,Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Alexander Schopper
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Innsbruck, Österreich.,Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik, DRK-Kinderklinik Siegen , Deutschland
| | - Maria Steinmayr-Gensluckner
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - Elke Wieser
- Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Tirol Kliniken, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - Cord Benecke
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|