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Thornton E, Petersen K, Marquez J, Humphrey N. Do Patterns of Adolescent Participation in Arts, Culture and Entertainment Activities Predict Later Wellbeing? A Latent Class Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1396-1414. [PMID: 38466529 PMCID: PMC11045570 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Participation in arts, culture, and entertainment (PACE) activities may promote adolescent wellbeing. However, little is known about how such activities cluster together, and previous research has used small samples, cross-sectional designs, focused on single activities, and/or has not considered the influence of socio-demographic factors on participation. Using latent class analysis, the aims of this study were to establish: (i) classes of adolescent PACE activities; (ii) associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification; and, (iii) whether PACE classification predicts later wellbeing. Longitudinal data from the #BeeWell study (N = 18,224 adolescents; mean age at T1 = 12 years 7 months (±3.56 months); 50.54% female) were analyzed. Four latent classes were established: the 'Dynamic Doers' (high, wide-ranging participation; 11.87%); the 'Mind and Body Crew' (reading, arts, videogames, sports/exercise; 39.81%); the 'Game and Gain Squad' (videogames and sports/exercise; 29.05%); and the 'Activity Free Adolescents' (uniformly low participation; 19.27%). Associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification were observed (e.g., socio-economic disadvantage increased the likelihood of Activity Free Adolescents classification, compared to Game and Gain Squad classification). Finally, PACE classification predicted later wellbeing (e.g., Dynamic Doers reported significantly higher wellbeing than Activity Free Adolescents). These findings are discussed in relation to the need to improve accessibility and appeal of arts, culture, and entertainment provision for adolescents as a means to optimize their wellbeing. PRE-REGISTRATION: The analysis plan for this study was pre-registered on the Open Science Framework and can be found here: https://osf.io/2jtpd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Thornton
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Jose Marquez
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Yu J, Huang F, Zhang X, Xue H, Ni X, Yang J, Zou Z, Du W. Association of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with Childhood and Adolescent Overweight/Obesity: Findings from a Surveillance Project in Jiangsu Province of China. Nutrients 2023; 15:4164. [PMID: 37836448 PMCID: PMC10574764 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and inadequate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) have been suggested as potential contributors to overweight/obesity during childhood or adolescence; however, the results of previous studies are inconsistent. It was crucial to estimate the independent and joint association of SSB consumption and inadequate MVPA for childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity. The "Surveillance for Common Disease and Health Risk Factors Among Students in Jiangsu Province 2021-2022" initiative provided us with representative population-based data that we studied. SSB consumption and inadequate MVPA were determined by self-reported SSB habit and MVPA frequency (days/week). The body mass index for each gender and age subgroup was used to identify those who were overweight or obese. With stratified analyses to ascertain differences in age or gender, we employed the logistic regression model to assess the association of SSB and MVPA with overweight/obesity and applied the likelihood ratio test to explore the interactions. Approximately 38.2% of the study population (119,467 students aged 8-17) were overweight/obese. After adjusting covariates, SSB consumption or inadequate MVPA was associated with overweight/obesity (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02-1.07; and OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.03-1.10). In comparison to students with "no SSB consumption and adequate MVPA", those with "SSB consumption and inadequate MVPA" had a higher risk of being overweight/obese (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.08-1.18). Regardless of age and gender subgroups, the correlation of SSB and MVPA alone and together with being overweight/obese was generally similar, with the adolescent group aged 13-17 years (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.09-1.22) and females (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.17) being more susceptible. Moreover, there was a significant interaction between SSB consumption and gender (p < 0.001), as well as between SSB consumption and inadequate MVPA (p = 0.008). Hence, SSB consumption in students is significantly associated with overweight/obesity, especially when MVPA is inadequate. In light of the rapidly expanding childhood and adolescent obesity epidemic, proper attention should be given to these modifiable behaviors, particularly SSB and MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Yu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.Y.); (H.X.); (X.N.)
| | - Feng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China;
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Hui Xue
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.Y.); (H.X.); (X.N.)
| | - Xiaoyan Ni
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.Y.); (H.X.); (X.N.)
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.Y.); (H.X.); (X.N.)
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Matias TS, Alves JF, Nienov GTA, Lopes MV, Vasconcellos DIC. Clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet associated with social isolation among brazilian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:562. [PMID: 36966307 PMCID: PMC10039485 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGOUND Although obesogenic behaviors have been found to be related to social isolation, evidence-based person-centered approaches are lacking. This study investigated the association between clusters of obesogenic behavior - derived from a data-driven process - and social isolation among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) 2015 were analyzed. A total of 100,794 9th-grade students (51.3% females; 14.3 ± 0.1 years old) enrolled in 3,040 public and private high schools participated in the study. Social isolation was assessed by two outcomes (i.e., perceived loneliness and lack of close friends). A two-step cluster analysis was conducted to identify patterns of obesogenic behaviors with the input of leisure-time physical activity (PA), sitting time as a proxy of sedentary behavior (SB), and the weekly consumption of healthy and unhealthy food. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between the clusters of obesogenic behaviors and social isolation variables in adolescents. RESULTS Three clusters were identified. Adolescents in the "Health-promoting SB and diet" (32.6%; OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.62-0.76) and "Health-promoting PA and diet" (44.9%; OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.67-0.79) clusters had lower odds of loneliness compared to those in the "Health-risk" cluster (22.5%). Those belonging to the "Health-promoting PA and diet" cluster were more likely to report having close friends (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.00-1.41) than those in the "Health-risk" cluster. CONCLUSION Adolescents in clusters where positive behaviors outweighed negative ones were less likely to perceive themselves as lonely and without close connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Sousa Matias
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Julianne Fic Alves
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | | | - MarcusVinicius Veber Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
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Mello GTD, Bertuol C, Minatto G, Barbosa Filho VC, Oldenburg B, Leech RM, Silva KS. A systematic review of the clustering and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among boys and girls. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:372. [PMID: 36810023 PMCID: PMC9942368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the clustering and correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) is very important for developing appropriate lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents. This systematic review (Prospero CRD42018094826) aimed to identify PA and SB cluster patterns and their correlates among boys and girls (0-19 years). The search was carried out in five electronic databases. Cluster characteristics were extracted in accordance with authors' descriptions by two independent reviewers and a third resolved any disagreements. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria and the population age ranged from six to 18 years old. Nine, twelve, and ten cluster types were identified for mixed-sex samples, boys, and girls, respectively. While girls were in clusters characterized by "Low PA Low SB" and "Low PA High SB", the majority of boys were in clusters defined by "High PA High SB" and "High PA Low SB". Few associations were found between sociodemographic variables and all cluster types. Boys and girls in "High PA High SB" clusters had higher BMI and obesity in most of the tested associations. In contrast, those in the "High PA Low SB" clusters presented lower BMI, waist circumference, and overweight and obesity. Different cluster patterns of PA and SB were observed in boys and girls. However, in both sexes, a better adiposity profile was found among children and adolescents in "High PA Low SB" clusters. Our results suggest that it is not enough to increase PA to manage the adiposity correlates, it is also necessary to reduce SB in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielli Thais de Mello
- Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Bertuol
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Giseli Minatto
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | | | - Brian Oldenburg
- grid.1051.50000 0000 9760 5620Implementation Science Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, 3004 Australia ,grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086 Australia
| | - Rebecca Maree Leech
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria Australia
| | - Kelly Samara Silva
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Room 48, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
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Chen S, Zhang X, Du W, Fan L, Zhang F. Association of insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents: Findings from a cross-sectional provincial surveillance project in Jiangsu. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12950. [PMID: 35699198 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast are very common phenomena in China and have been proposed as possible causes of overweight/obesity, but the results of former studies remain inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To investigate the individual and joint association of insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast with overweight/obesity among children and adolescents in Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS Participants were 36 849 students aged 8-17 years from the 2019-2020 project "Surveillance for common disease and health risk factors among students." Self-reported insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast were ascertained by self-reported sleep duration and breakfast habit. Overweight/obesity was assessed according to the gender- and age-specific body mass index. We used logistic regression models to explore the association of sleep and breakfast with overweight/obesity, and stratification analyses to test age or gender differences. RESULTS The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 33.2%. Insufficient sleep (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.16) or skipping breakfast (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.07-1.21) was associated with overweight/obesity. Compared to participants with 'sufficient sleep and breakfast', ORs were 1.25 (95% CI = 1.15-1.35) for those with 'both insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast'. The separate and joint association of sleep and breakfast with overweight/obesity remained generally consistent across different age and gender subgroups, except that the 8-12-year-olds group and female students appear more susceptible. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient sleep and skipping breakfast were jointly associated with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. Appropriate attention should be paid to these modifiable behaviours including sleep and breakfast in the context of the rapidly growing obesity epidemic among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunan Chen
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
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Caetano IT, Miranda VPN, dos Santos FK, Amorim PRDS. Ecological correlates related to adolescent movement behaviors: A latent class analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271111. [PMID: 35862482 PMCID: PMC9302818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecological model has been widely used to help researchers understand the multiple influences in the physical activity (PA) and in the sedentary behaviors in isolated forms. To date, few correlates concerning the behavioral groupings of PA and sedentary behaviors have been studied. In this context, this study aimed to identify movement behaviors’ latent classes related to the different adolescents’ PA and sedentary time expressions, as well as their associations with individual, sociodemographic, family, and environmental correlates. This is a cross-sectional study with 309 students aged between 14 and 16. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify movement behavior classes based on light PA, moderate to vigorous PA, number of steps, sedentary time, and screen time (ST). An accelerometer was used to evaluate movement behaviors. The individual, sociodemographic, family, and environmental correlates were assessed by questionnaires. Three classes were identified: Class 1, "Active and Non-Sedentary" (8.10% of the sample), Class 2, "Active and Sedentary" (28.5%), and Class 3, "Inactive and Sedentary" (63.4%). Those with low fruit intake, low aerobic fitness, stressed and whose head of the family obtained an ‘elementary school’ level education were, respectively, 7.17, 3.59, 3.56, and 4.40 times more likely to belong to class 3 than class 1. Those with medium and high socioeconomic status were 82% and 83% less likely to belong to class 1 than classes 2 and 3, respectively. Adolescents who perceived the neighborhoods with the best access to diversified land use, street connectivity, walking/pedaling ease, and traffic safety attributes, were 84%, 85%, 82%, and 82%, respectively less likely to belong to class 1 than class 2. It is concluded that distinct correlates can be associated with the movement behaviors classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Toledo Caetano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Williams A, Wood SN, Stuart H, Wamue-Ngare G, Thiongo M, Gichangi P, Devoto B, Decker MR. Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 49:101479. [PMID: 35747177 PMCID: PMC9167856 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gender disparities in time use contribute to poor outcomes in women. Large-scale disruptions can affect time use. The objectives of this study were to characterize time use across the pandemic by gender and to assess how gender associates with 2021-time use, overall and by 2020 economic dependency status. Methods A prospective cohort of youth in Nairobi, Kenya, completed phone-based surveys in August-October 2020 and April-May 2021. Time use was characterized at both time points and 1,777 participants with complete time use data at both time points were included in the analysis. 2021-time use was regressed on gender and stratified by 2020 economic dependency status. Findings At both time points, significant gender differences in time use found young men with more time on paid work and less time on domestic work [1·6 h; 95% CI: 1·1, 2·2] and [-1·9 h; 95% CI: -1·1, -1·5], respectively; 2021. In adjusted models, the gender differential in unpaid domestic work were significant overall and at all levels of economic dependency (dependent, semi-dependent, independent). The gender differential in paid work was evident among semi-dependent and independent. Interpretation Young women spent less time on paid work and more time on domestic duties than male counterparts, consistently across a six-month period during the pandemic, suggesting gendered time poverty. Resulting gendered gaps in earnings can contribute to women's longer-term economic vulnerability. Funding This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [010481].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaise Williams
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shannon N. Wood
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Grace Wamue-Ngare
- Department of Sociology, Gender and Development Studies, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Women's Economic Empowerment Hub, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mary Thiongo
- International Centre for Reproductive Health-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter Gichangi
- International Centre for Reproductive Health-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
- Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bianca Devoto
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michele R. Decker
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mattsson M, Murray DM, Kiely M, McCarthy FP, McCarthy E, Biesma R, Boland F. Eating behaviour, physical activity, TV exposure and sleeping habits in five year olds: a latent class analysis. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:180. [PMID: 33865345 PMCID: PMC8052652 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and sleep time are considered major contributory factors of the increased prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. The aims of this study were to (1) identify behavioural clusters of 5 year old children based on lifestyle behaviours, (2) explore potential determinants of class membership, and (3) to determine if class membership was associated with body measure outcomes at 5 years of age. METHODS Data on eating behaviour, engagement in active play, TV watching, and sleep duration in 1229 5 year old children from the Cork BASELINE birth cohort study was obtained through in-person interviews with parent. Latent class analysis was used to identify behavioural clusters. Potential determinants of cluster membership were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Associations between the identified classes and cardio metabolic body measures were examined using multivariate logistic and linear regression, with cluster membership used as the independent variable. RESULTS 51% of children belonged to a normative class, while 28% of children were in a class characterised by high scores on food avoidance scales in combination with low enjoyment of food, and 20% experienced high scores on the food approach scales. Children in both these classes had lower conditional probabilities of engaging in active play for at least 1 hour per day and sleeping for a minimum of 10 h, and higher probability of watching TV for 2 hours or more, compared to the normative class. Low socioeconomic index (SEI) and no breastfeeding at 2 months were found to be associated with membership of the class associated with high scores on the food avoidance scale, while lower maternal education was associated with the class defined by high food approach scores. Children in the class with high scores on the food approach scales had higher fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) compared to the normative class, and were at greater risk of overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that eating behaviour appeared to influence overweight and obesity risk to a greater degree than activity levels at 5 years old. Further research of how potentially obesogenic behaviours in early life track over time and influence adiposity and other cardio metabolic outcomes is crucial to inform the timing of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Mattsson
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland. .,RCSI Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Beaux Lane House, Lower Mercer Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Deirdre M Murray
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mairead Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P McCarthy
- Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elaine McCarthy
- Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Regien Biesma
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fiona Boland
- Data Science Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Hipson WE, Coplan RJ, Dufour M, Wood KR, Bowker JC. Time alone well spent? A person‐centered analysis of adolescents' solitary activities. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Will E. Hipson
- Department of Psychology Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
| | | | - Morgan Dufour
- Department of Psychology Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
| | | | - Julie C. Bowker
- Department of Psychology University at Buffalo, The State University of New York Buffalo NY USA
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Lees B, Squeglia LM, Breslin FJ, Thompson WK, Tapert SF, Paulus MP. Screen media activity does not displace other recreational activities among 9-10 year-old youth: a cross-sectional ABCD study®. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1783. [PMID: 33238925 PMCID: PMC7687784 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09894-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Screen media is among the most common recreational activities engaged in by children. The displacement hypothesis predicts that increased time spent on screen media activity (SMA) may be at the expense of engagement with other recreational activities, such as sport, music, and art. This study examined associations between non-educational SMA and recreational activity endorsement in 9–10-year-olds, when accounting for other individual (i.e., cognition, psychopathology), interpersonal (i.e., social environment), and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods Participants were 9254 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study®. Latent factors reflecting SMA, cognition, psychopathology, and social environment were entered as independent variables into logistic mixed models. Sociodemographic covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, and household income. Outcome variables included any recreational activity endorsement (of 19 assessed), and specific sport (swimming, soccer, baseball) and hobby (music, art) endorsements. Results In unadjusted groupwise comparisons, youth who spent more time engaging with SMA were less likely to engage with other recreational activities (ps < .001). However, when variance in cognition, psychopathology, social environment, and sociodemographic covariates were accounted for, most forms of SMA were no longer significantly associated with recreational activity engagement (p > .05). Some marginal effects were observed: for every one SD increase in time spent on games and movies over more social forms of media, youth were at lower odds of engaging in recreational activities (adjusted odds ratio = 0·83, 95% CI 0·76–0·89). Likewise, greater general SMA was associated with lower odds of endorsing group-based sports, including soccer (0·93, 0·88–0·98) and baseball (0·92, 0·86–0·98). Model fit comparisons indicated that sociodemographic characteristics, particularly socio-economic status, explained more variance in rates of recreational activity engagement than SMA and other latent factors. Notably, youth from higher socio-economic families were up to 5·63 (3·83–8·29) times more likely to engage in recreational activities than youth from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Conclusions Results did not suggest that SMA largely displaces engagement in other recreational activities among 9–10-year-olds. Instead, socio-economic factors greatly contribute to rates of engagement. These findings are important considering recent shifts in time spent on SMA in childhood. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09894-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Lees
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Level 6 Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Addiction Sciences Division, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Florence J Breslin
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Tassitano RM, Weaver RG, Tenório MCM, Brazendale K, Beets MW. Clusters of non-dietary obesogenic behaviors among adolescents in Brazil: a latent profile analysis. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:881-891. [PMID: 32632457 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify patterns of non-dietary obesogenic behaviors, and social and environmental factors associated with overweight and obesity (OWOB). METHODS A representative sample (n = 5520) of high school students (55.4% girls, 16.3 ± 1.0 years) from Pernambuco State, Brazil. Latent profile analyses were performed using self-reported daily sleep duration, television use, computer use, videogame use, seated time during the week and weekend days, physical activity, and active commuting to school during the week. Social and environmental factors and body mass index were included to identify classes. Multinomial analysis explored differences in social, environmental factors, and BMI by classes. RESULTS Five patterns were identified [Computer users (C1), Short sleepers (C2), Typical behaviors (C3), Techno-active-gamers (C4), and Lower screen engagement (C5)]. Three groups (C1, C3 and C4) included students from better social conditions and a more urbanized environments. The prevalence of OWOB was higher in C1 (34.5%; 95% CI 31.1-38.0) and in C2 (29.7%; 95% CI 26.1-33.5) compared to C5 (23.3% 95% CI 21.3-25.3). CONCLUSIONS In one of the poorest regions of Brazil, different groups of social/environmental factors and behavior patterns emerged associated with OWOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St., Recife, PE, 50630-610, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Cecília M Tenório
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St., Recife, PE, 50630-610, Brazil
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12
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Saldanha-Gomes C, Marbac M, Sedki M, Cornet M, Plancoulaine S, Charles MA, Lioret S, Dargent-Molina P. Clusters of diet, physical activity, television exposure and sleep habits and their association with adiposity in preschool children: the EDEN mother-child cohort. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:20. [PMID: 32050975 PMCID: PMC7014717 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the growing interest in the relation between adiposity in children and different lifestyle clusters, few studies used a longitudinal design to examine a large range of behaviors in various contexts, in particular eating- and sleep-related routines, and few studies have examined these factors in young children. The objectives of this study were to identify clusters of boys and girls based on diet, sleep and activity-related behaviors and their family environment at 2 and 5 years of age, and to assess whether the clusters identified varied across maternal education levels and were associated with body fat at age 5. Methods At 2 and 5 years, respectively, 1436 and 1195 parents from the EDEN mother-child cohort completed a questionnaire including behavioral data. A latent class analysis aimed to uncover gender-specific behavioral clusters. Body fat percentage was estimated by anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements. Association between cluster membership and body fat was assessed with mutivariable linear regression models. Results At 2 years, two clusters emerged that were essentially characterized by opposite eating habits. At 5 years, TV exposure was the most distinguishing feature, but the numbers and types of clusters differed by gender. An association between cluster membership and body fat was found only in girls at 5 years of age, with girls in the cluster defined by very high TV exposure and unfavorable mealtime habits (despite high outdoor playing and walking time) having the highest body fat. Girls whose mother had low educational attainment were more likely to be in this high-risk cluster. Girls who were on a cluster evolution path corresponding to the highest TV viewing time and the least favorable mealtime habits from 2 to 5 years of age had higher body fat at 5 years. Conclusions Efforts to decrease TV time and improve mealtime routines may hold promise for preventing overweight in young children, especially girls growing up in disadvantaged families. These preventive efforts should start as early in life as possible, ideally before the age of two, and should be sustained over the preschool years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécilia Saldanha-Gomes
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France. .,Paris-Saclay University, Faculty of Medicine, F-94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. .,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | - Matthieu Marbac
- Rennes University, Ensai, CNRS, CREST - UMR 9194, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Mohammed Sedki
- Paris-Saclay University, INSERM UMR1018, CESP, F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Maxime Cornet
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Sabine Plancoulaine
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Patricia Dargent-Molina
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, F-75004, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1153 Center of Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health (EARoH), Bat Inserm 15-16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
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13
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Benner AD, Hou Y, Jackson KM. The Consequences of Friend-Related Stress Across Early Adolescence. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2020; 40:249-272. [PMID: 38343652 PMCID: PMC10857858 DOI: 10.1177/0272431619833489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The current study investigated early adolescents' experiences of friend-related stress across middle school and its developmental consequences following the transition to high school. Using a sample of approximately 1,000 middle school students, four unique friend-related stress trajectories were observed across middle school: consistently low friend-related stress (57% of the sample), consistently high friend-related stress (7%), moderate and increasing friend-related stress (22%), and moderate but decreasing friend-related stress (14%). Groups characterized by higher levels of friend-related stress across middle school were linked to subsequent poorer socioemotional well-being, lower academic engagement, and greater involvement in and expectancies around risky behaviors following the transition to high school. Increased friend-related stress across the high school transition was also linked to poorer outcomes, even after taking into account earlier stress trajectories. Gender differences highlighted the particular struggles girls experience both in friend stress and in the links between friend stress and subsequent well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Hou
- The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
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14
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Kemp BJ, Parrish AM, Cliff DP. 'Social screens' and 'the mainstream': longitudinal competitors of non-organized physical activity in the transition from childhood to adolescence. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:5. [PMID: 31937315 PMCID: PMC7050814 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) tends to decline during late childhood and adolescence. In Australia, this decline has been shown to occur particularly in non-organized PA (e.g. active play and informal sport). Using a social marketing approach, segments of youth may be identified and targeted based on their profile of alternative activities that compete with non-organized PA during the transition to adolescence. The objectives of this study were to identify and describe segments of youth whose participation in non-organized PA declined between 11 and 13 years, based on changes in other potential competing activities during this period. Methods Data were sourced from Waves 4 and 5 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Participation in non-organized PA and thirteen alternative activities (e.g. video games, homework, sleep) were measured using 24-h time-use diaries. Analyses were limited to participants whose non-organized PA had declined between 11 and 13 years (n = 1043). Two-stage cluster analysis was conducted and segments were described using chi-square and t-tests. Results Among the analytic sample, average non-organized PA participation declined by 87 min/day between 11y and 13y (p < 0.001). Two segments were identified (κ = 0.66). The ‘Social Screens’ segment (n = 143) had large increases in texting, emailing and social media use (+ 56 min/day, p < 0.001) and other internet use (+ 32 min/day, p < 0.001). Conversely, ‘the Mainstream’ segment (n = 900) had smaller increases in a wider range of activities, including other PA (organized PA, active transport, active chores/work) (+ 16.0 min/day, p < 0.001), homework/study (+ 9.5 min/day, p < 0.001) and electronic gaming (+ 6.7 min/day, p < 0.05). ‘Social Screens’ were more likely to attend public school, live in urban areas and have more advanced pubertal development (girls only). ‘The Mainstream’ were more likely to participate in PA and out-of-school activities. Conclusions The ‘Social Screens’ segment had a much larger increase in texting, emailing, social media and other internet use, and lower participation in overall PA and out-of-school activities, compared with ‘the Mainstream’. Future research may trial PA promotion strategies to replace benefits that this segment may seek in competing activities (e.g. social PA apps).
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron J Kemp
- Early Start, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia. .,School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Anne-Maree Parrish
- Early Start, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dylan P Cliff
- Early Start, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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15
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Sevil-Serrano J, Aibar-Solana A, Abós Á, Julián JA, García-González L. Healthy or Unhealthy? The Cocktail of Health-Related Behavior Profiles in Spanish Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3151. [PMID: 31470547 PMCID: PMC6747495 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and clustering of health-related behaviors in Spanish adolescents and to examine their association with sex, body mass index (BMI), different types of sedentary screen time, and adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines. A final sample of 173 students (M = 12.99 ± 0.51) participated in this study. Cluster analysis was conducted based on five health-related behaviors: PA and sedentary time derived from accelerometers, as well as healthy diet, sedentary screen time, and sleep duration derived from self-reported scales. Recommendations for 24-hour movement guidelines (i.e., physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep duration) were analyzed both independently and combined. A total of 8.9% of the sample did not meet any of the guidelines, whereas 72.3%, 17.3%, and 1.7% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. Six distinct profiles were identified, most of them showing the co-occurrence of healthy- and unhealthy-related behaviors. Given that most of the adolescents failed to meet the combination of PA, screen time, and sleep duration guidelines, these findings suggest the necessity to implement school-based interventions that target multiple health behaviors, especially because (un)healthy behaviors do not always cluster in the same direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Alberto Aibar-Solana
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22003 Huesca, Spain
| | - Ángel Abós
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain
| | - José Antonio Julián
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22003 Huesca, Spain
| | - Luis García-González
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain
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16
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Ecological correlates of activity-related behavior typologies among adolescents. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1041. [PMID: 31376838 PMCID: PMC6679435 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents engage in various combinations (typologies) of physical activity and sedentary behaviors, which impact their health and wellbeing in different ways. As such, there is a need to understand the factors that may inhibit or facilitate engagement in combinations of activity-related behaviors to help inform effective intervention strategies targeting those most in need. The aim of this study was to identify ecological correlates of adolescent physical activity and sedentary behavior typologies. Methods Cross-sectional study of 473 adolescents (15.0 ± 1.6 years, 41.4% boys) from 18 secondary schools in Melbourne, Australia. Intrapersonal, interpersonal and neighborhood-physical environmental factors were assessed via self-report surveys and Geographic Information Systems. Multinomial logistic regression models determined the relative risk ratio of membership of three homogenous activity-related behavior typologies based on the potential correlates. Results Higher levels of self-efficacy for physical activity, parental screen-time restriction rules, parental support for physical activity, sibling screen-time co-participation and perceptions of neighborhood pedestrian/traffic safety were associated with greater likelihood of adolescents being in the typology defined as highly active and low sedentary compared to the physically inactive, highly sedentary typology. Higher frequency of co-participation in screen-time with friends was associated with greater likelihood of adolescents being in the typology defined as moderately active, high screen-time compared to physically inactive, highly sedentary. Conclusions A range of intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental correlates appear to play a role in adolescent activity-related typology membership. The findings may inform public health interventions targeting unique adolescent subgroups most at risk of poor health outcomes based on their engagement in combinations of activity-related behaviors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7386-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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17
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Auhuber L, Vogel M, Grafe N, Kiess W, Poulain T. Leisure Activities of Healthy Children and Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2078. [PMID: 31212786 PMCID: PMC6617342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to give a detailed overview on the leisure behavior of adolescents (frequency, differences between gender, age groups and social class, time trends, and inter-relations). In total, 1449 10- to 18-year-old German adolescents were included in the study. Participants answered questionnaires about their media use, physical activity, outdoor time, engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, social life and socio-economic status (SES). The results revealed that girls, children with lower SES as well as older children reported to use screen-based media more often and that girls, older children and children with lower SES were less physically active. In addition, boys and children with lower SES engaged less frequently in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing, while children with higher SES met their friends more often. The time trend analysis showed that mobile phone use increased drastically from 2011 to 2017, while engagement in choir/orchestra and theater/dancing decreased. Regarding the inter-relation between leisure activities, high screen times were significantly associated with less physical activity and less outdoor time. Physical activity, in contrast, was significantly related to better social life and more outdoor time. These findings highlight the growing importance of electronic media in adolescents' lives and their tendency to displace other leisure activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Auhuber
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mandy Vogel
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nico Grafe
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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18
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Parker KE, Salmon J, Costigan SA, Villanueva K, Brown HL, Timperio A. Activity-related behavior typologies in youth: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:44. [PMID: 31097036 PMCID: PMC6524235 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clusters of adolescents differentiated by patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior (activity-related typologies) are common. Understanding both the characteristics of adolescents and modifiable correlates of these typologies, can help to develop interventions for those most at risk. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the socio-demographic characteristics and modifiable correlates of activity-related behavioral typologies among adolescents. METHODS A systematic search of seven electronic databases was conducted to identify quantitative studies using person-oriented statistical approaches to identify activity-related behavioral typologies among 12-18 year-olds. This systematic review was registered in Prospero (registration number: CRD42016046879). RESULTS Thirty-six studies met the inclusion criteria and were classified according to three sub-themes based on behaviors included in the typologies (1. physical activity and sedentary behavior only; 2. physical activity, sedentary behavior and risk-related behaviors; 3. physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet). Studies were mostly cross-sectional and relied on self-report measures. Methods were considerably heterogeneous, however results revealed some consistency in typologies within specific groups. For example, typologies characterized by unhealthy behavior patterns (e.g., characterized by physical inactivity, high sedentary behavior and poor diet or high risk-related behaviors) comprised more older adolescents. With the exception of socio-demographics (age, sex, body mass index and socio-economic status), very few correlates have been studied to date (mostly school-related behavioral factors and intrapersonal influences), with evidence largely from typologies comprised of physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet. CONCLUSIONS More research is needed to assess a range of modifiable correlates associated with activity-related behavior typologies among adolescents. This will allow for more targeted interventions, to achieve long-lasting, positive behavior change in adolescent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sarah A Costigan
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen Villanueva
- Centre for Urban Research, School of Global Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helen L Brown
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Jago R, Salway R, Lawlor DA, Emm-Collison L, Heron J, Thompson JL, Sebire SJ. Profiles of children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour between age 6 and 9: a latent profile and transition analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:103. [PMID: 30352597 PMCID: PMC6199754 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is associated with improved physical and mental health among children. However, physical activity declines and sedentary time increases with age, and large proportions of older children do not meet the recommended hour per day of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). The aim of this paper is to identify profiles of children based on the complex relationship between physical activity and sedentary time at ages 6 and 9 and explore how those profiles are associated with other covariates and how they change over time. METHODS Valid accelerometer data were collected for 1132 children aged 6 and 1121 at age 9, with 565 children with data at both ages. We calculated the proportions of total wear time spent in sedentary, light and MVPA activity on both weekdays and weekends. Latent profile (class) analysis was applied separately to the two age groups to identify activity profiles. We then used latent transition analysis to explore transitions between profiles at the two time points. RESULTS We identified five profiles of activity at age 6 and six profiles at age 9. Although profiles were not directly equivalent, five classes captured similar patterns at both ages and ranged from very active to inactive. At both ages, active profiles, where the majority achieved the recommended MVPA guidelines, were more likely to be active at weekends than on weekdays. There was substantial movement between classes, with strongest patterns of movement to classes with no change or a decrease in MVPA. Transition between classes was associated with sex, BMI z-score, screen-viewing and participation in out-of-school activities. CONCLUSIONS This paper is the first to apply latent profile analysis to the physical activity of UK children as they move through primary school. Profiles were identified at ages 6 and 9, reflecting different weekday and weekend patterns of physical activity and sedentary time. There was substantial movement between profiles between ages 6 and 9, mostly to no change or less active profiles. Weekend differences suggest that greater focus on how weekend activity contributes to an average of 60 min per day of MVPA across the week may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Deborah A. Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Jon Heron
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS UK
| | - Janice L. Thompson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Simon J. Sebire
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
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Parker KE, Salmon J, Brown HL, Villanueva K, Timperio A. Typologies of adolescent activity related health behaviours. J Sci Med Sport 2018; 22:319-323. [PMID: 30190099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify typologies of activity-related behaviours and demographic characteristics of these typologies among Australian adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of 473 Secondary School students (41.4% boys, mean age 14.95±1.61 years) conducted in 2014-15. METHODS Active travel to school, sport participation, leisure-time sedentary and demographic variables were self-reported in a survey. Duration of sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (mins/day) were accelerometer-derived. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify typologies of activity-related health behaviours. One-way ANOVAs and chi-square tests were used to explore differences by demographic characteristics. RESULTS Three typologies were identified: (1) "Physically inactive, highly sedentary" (44%); (2) "Moderately active, high screen-time" (42%); and (3) "Highly active, low sedentary" (14%). Differences between typologies were evident for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), cultural identity, employment status and socioeconomic position (SEP). Those in typology 3 (optimal behaviour pattern) tended to be younger, of higher SEP and lower BMI. CONCLUSIONS This study found that older adolescents have less active, more sedentary profiles than younger adolescents. The findings support the need for targeted interventions to improve adolescent activity-related behaviour engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Parker
- Deakin University, GEELONG, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences.
| | - Jo Salmon
- Deakin University, GEELONG, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Helen L Brown
- Deakin University, GEELONG, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Karen Villanueva
- Centre for Urban Research, School of Global Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Deakin University, GEELONG, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
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21
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Delahunt JZ, Mische Lawson LA. Relationships between adolescent body mass index, physical activity, and sensory-processing patterns: Relations entre l'indice de masse corporelle, l'activité physique et les schèmes d'intégration sensorielle des adolescents. The Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 2018; 84:189-198. [PMID: 28730902 DOI: 10.1177/0008417417711459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trends show a significant decline with adolescent physical activity (PA). Knowledge regarding how sensory-processing patterns and body mass index (BMI) relate to adolescents' PA participation is scarce. PURPOSE This study investigated if relationships exist between adolescent BMI, sensory processing, and PA participation. METHOD This correlational study collected data from 141 adolescents who completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and the Physical Activity Questionnaire-Adolescent. Their BMIs were calculated using self-reported age, height, and weight. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-tailed Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. FINDINGS Adolescents with different sensory-processing patterns reported participation in both similar and distinct PAs. Participation in PA and BMI shared no significant correlation. Sensory sensitivity and BMI total ( rs = -.171, p = .044) and BMI percentile ( rs = -.191, p = .024) demonstrated significant correlations. Analysis revealed a correlation between sensory seeking patterns and PA ( rs = .224, p = .008) as well as correlations among sensory quadrants and participation in specific PAs. IMPLICATIONS Occupational therapists should consider an adolescent's sensory preferences when recommending PA interventions.
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Lee EY, Hesketh KD, Hunter S, Kuzik N, Rhodes RE, Rinaldi CM, Spence JC, Carson V. Meeting new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years and associations with adiposity among toddlers living in Edmonton, Canada. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:840. [PMID: 29219096 PMCID: PMC5773869 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canada has recently released guidelines that include toddler-specific recommendations for physical activity, screen-based sedentary behaviour, and sleep. This study examined the proportions of toddlers meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (0-4 years) and associations with body mass index (BMI) z-scores in a sample from Edmonton, Canada. METHODS Participants included 151 toddlers (aged 19.0 ± 1.9 months) for whom there was complete objectively measured physical activity data from the Parents' Role in Establishing healthy Physical activity and Sedentary behaviour habits (PREPS) project. Toddlers' physical activity was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT monitors. Toddlers' screen time and sleep were measured using the PREPS questionnaire. Toddlers' height and weight were objectively measured by public health nurses and BMI z-scores were calculated using World Health Organization growth standards. Meeting the overall 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was defined as: ≥180 min/day of total physical activity, including ≥1 min/day of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity; no screen time per day (for those aged 12-23 months) or ≤1 h/day of screen time per day (ages 24-35 months); and 11-14 h of sleep per 24-h period. Frequency analyses and linear regression models were conducted. RESULTS Only 11.9% of toddlers met the overall 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, but this finding was largely driven by screen time. The majority of toddlers met the individual physical activity (99.3%) and sleep (82.1%) recommendations, while only 15.2% of toddlers met the screen time recommendation. No associations were observed between meeting specific and general combinations of recommendations within the guidelines and BMI z-scores. CONCLUSIONS Most toddlers in this sample were meeting physical activity and sleep recommendations but were engaging in more screen time than recommended. Consequently, only a small proportion of toddlers met the overall guidelines. Based on the findings of this study, identifying modifiable correlates of screen time to inform appropriate strategies to reduce screen time appears key for increasing the proportion of toddlers meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years. Future research should examine the associations between meeting the new guidelines and other health indicators. Furthermore, future high-quality studies examining dose-response relationships between movement behaviours and health indicators are needed to inform guideline updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Lee
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 8840-114 Street Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9 Canada
| | - Kylie D. Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Stephen Hunter
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 8840-114 Street Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9 Canada
| | - Nicholas Kuzik
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 8840-114 Street Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9 Canada
| | - Ryan E. Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Christina M. Rinaldi
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G5 Canada
| | - John C. Spence
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 8840-114 Street Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9 Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 8840-114 Street Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9 Canada
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Wong M, Lycett K, Olds T, Gold L, Wake M. Use of time and adolescent health-related quality of life/well-being: a scoping review. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:1239-1245. [PMID: 28520104 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Time use could profoundly affect adolescents' health-related quality of life (HRQL). Ideally, overall time use patterns would be considered, because activities within a 24-hour day are inherently correlated (more in one activity means less in another). This review focused on the associations of (i) overall time use patterns and (ii) components of time use patterns with HRQL in adolescents. CONCLUSION More physical activity, less screen time and more/adequate sleep, in isolation, are associated with better profile-based HRQL subscales. Greater understanding of adolescents' overall time use patterns and HRQL is, therefore, a priority for policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Wong
- The University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Tim Olds
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise; Nutrition and Activity (ARENA); University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lisa Gold
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- School of Health and Social Development; Deakin University; Geelong VIC Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- The University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
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24
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Wong M, Olds T, Gold L, Lycett K, Dumuid D, Muller J, Mensah FK, Burgner D, Carlin JB, Edwards B, Dwyer T, Azzopardi P, Wake M. Time-Use Patterns and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2016-3656. [PMID: 28759399 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe 24-hour time-use patterns and their association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in early adolescence. METHODS The Child Health CheckPoint was a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. The participants were 1455 11- to 12-year-olds (39% of Wave 6; 51% boys). The exposure was 24-hour time use measured across 259 activities using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adolescents. "Average" days were generated from 1 school and 1 nonschool day. Time-use clusters were derived from cluster analysis with compositional inputs. The outcomes were self-reported HRQoL (Physical and Psychosocial Health [PedsQL] summary scores; Child Health Utility 9D [CHU9D] health utility). RESULTS Four time-use clusters emerged: "studious actives" (22%; highest school-related time, low screen time), "techno-actives" (33%; highest physical activity, lowest school-related time), "stay home screenies" (23%; highest screen time, lowest passive transport), and "potterers" (21%; low physical activity). Linear regression models, adjusted for a priori confounders, showed that compared with the healthiest "studious actives" (mean [SD]: CHU9D 0.84 [0.14], PedsQL physical 86.8 [10.8], PedsQL psychosocial 79.9 [12.6]), HRQoL in "potterers" was 0.2 to 0.5 SDs lower (mean differences [95% confidence interval]: CHU9D -0.03 [-0.05 to -0.00], PedsQL physical -5.5 [-7.4 to -3.5], PedsQL psychosocial -5.8 [-8.0 to -3.5]). CONCLUSIONS Discrete time-use patterns exist in Australian young adolescents. The cluster characterized by low physical activity and moderate screen time was associated with the lowest HRQoL. Whether this pattern translates into precursors of noncommunicable diseases remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Wong
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim Olds
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Gold
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Josh Muller
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona K Mensah
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - John B Carlin
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben Edwards
- Australian National University Centre for Social Research and Methods, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Peter Azzopardi
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Wake
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; .,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Chaput JP, Saunders TJ, Carson V. Interactions between sleep, movement and other non-movement behaviours in the pathogenesis of childhood obesity. Obes Rev 2017; 18 Suppl 1:7-14. [PMID: 28164448 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Research examining the health effects of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep on different health outcomes has largely been conducted independently or in isolation of the other behaviours. However, the fact that time is finite (i.e. 24 h) suggests that the debate on whether or not the influence of a single behaviour is independent of another one is conceptually incorrect. Time spent in one behaviour should naturally depend on the composition of the rest of the day. Recent evidence using more appropriate analytical approaches to deal with this methodological issue shows that the combination of sleep, movement and non-movement behaviours matters and all components of the 24-h movement continuum should be targeted to enhance health and prevent childhood obesity. The objective of this review is to discuss research investigating how combinations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep are related to childhood obesity. Emerging statistical approaches (e.g. compositional data analysis) that can provide a good understanding of the best 'cocktail' of behaviours associated with lower adiposity and improved health are also discussed. Finally, future research directions are provided. Collectively, it becomes clearer that guidelines and public health interventions should target all movement behaviours synergistically to optimize health of children and youth around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - T J Saunders
- Applied Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - V Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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26
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Carson V, Tremblay MS, Chaput JP, Chastin SFM. Associations between sleep duration, sedentary time, physical activity, and health indicators among Canadian children and youth using compositional analyses. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 41:S294-302. [PMID: 27306435 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between movement behaviours (sleep duration, sedentary time, physical activity) and health indicators in a representative sample of children and youth using compositional analyses. Cross-sectional findings are based on 4169 children and youth (aged 6-17 years) from cycles 1 to 3 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Sedentary time (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were accelerometer-derived. Sleep duration was subjectively measured. Body mass index z scores, waist circumference, blood pressure, behavioural strengths and difficulties, and aerobic fitness were measured in the full sample. Triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and insulin were measured in a fasting subsample. The composition of movement behaviours was entered into linear regression models via an isometric log ratio transformation and was found to be associated with all health indicators (p < 0.01). Relative to other movement behaviours, time spent in SB or LPA was positively associated (p < 0.04) and time spent in MVPA or sleep was negatively associated (p < 0.02) with obesity risk markers. Similarly, LPA was positively associated (p < 0.005) and sleep was negatively associated (p < 0.03) with unfavourable behavioural strengths and difficulties scores and systolic blood pressure. Relative to other movement behaviours, time spent in SB was negatively associated (p < 0.001) and time spent in MVPA (p < 0.001) was positively associated with aerobic fitness. Likewise, MVPA was also negatively associated with several cardiometabolic risk markers (p < 0.008). Compositional data analyses provide novel insights into collective health implications of 24-h movement behaviours and can facilitate interesting avenues for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Carson
- a Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- b Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- b Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- c Institute for Applied Health Research, School of Health and Social Care, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
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27
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Patterns of time use among regional and rural adolescent girls: Associations with correlates of physical activity and health-related quality of life. J Sci Med Sport 2016; 19:931-935. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Chaput JP, Dutil C. Lack of sleep as a contributor to obesity in adolescents: impacts on eating and activity behaviors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:103. [PMID: 27669980 PMCID: PMC5037605 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep is an important contributor to physical and mental health; however, chronic sleep deprivation has become common in adolescents, especially on weekdays. Adolescents aged 14–17 years are recommended to sleep between 8 and 10 h per night to maximize overall health and well-being. Although sleep needs may vary between individuals, sleep duration recommendations are important for surveillance and help inform policies, interventions, and the population of healthy sleep behaviors. Long sleepers are very rare among teenagers and sleeping too much is not a problem per se; only insufficient sleep is associated with adverse health outcomes in the pediatric population. Causes of insufficient sleep are numerous and chronic sleep deprivation poses a serious threat to the academic success, health and safety of adolescents. This article focuses on the link between insufficient sleep and obesity in adolescents. Discussion This “call to action” article argues that sleep should be taken more seriously by the public health community and by our society in general, i.e., given as much attention and resources as nutrition and physical activity. Not only that having a good night’s sleep is as important as eating a healthy diet and being regularly physically active for overall health, but sleeping habits also impact eating and screen time behaviors and, therefore, can influence body weight control. Summary Short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and late bedtimes are all associated with excess food intake, poor diet quality, and obesity in adolescents. Sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity and diet all interact and influence each other to ultimately impact health. A holistic approach to health (i.e., the whole day matters) targeting all of these behaviors synergistically is needed to optimize the impact of our interventions. Sleep is not a waste of time and sleep hygiene is an important factor to consider in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L1.
| | - Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L1
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Kritsotakis G, Psarrou M, Vassilaki M, Androulaki Z, Philalithis AE. Gender differences in the prevalence and clustering of multiple health risk behaviours in young adults. J Adv Nurs 2016; 72:2098-113. [PMID: 27102085 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the sex-stratified prevalence and clustering of 14 behavioural and metabolic health risk factors in emerging adulthood. BACKGROUND The high prevalence and the clustering of risk factors multiply health consequences and increase the threat to the future health and quality of life of young adults. DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS During November-December 2012, we assessed 14 lifestyle characteristics of 1058 1st year university students' that were classified as: healthy (score = 0), unhealthy (score = 1) and high-risk unhealthy (score = 2). We subsequently created a Multiple Health Risk Behaviours Index by summing the score of each behaviour adjusted to 0-100. RESULTS Only 0·3% of the students had one risk behaviour and 21·3% (male: 31·5%; female: 12·6%) had ≥10 of 14. Male students had higher risk index score. In adjusted regression analyses, female students had higher odds of reporting healthier behaviours in oral hygiene (tooth brushing), red meat and junk food consumption, binge drinking, cannabis/hashish/marijuana use and lower number of sexual partners and Body Mass Index. Male students reported higher physical activity. No statistically significant gender differences were noted for screen time/sedentary behaviours, condom use, smoking, sunburns, breakfast and fruit and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSION Although health-compromising behaviours are highly prevalent in both men and women, they are gender-related, with males engaging in more health risk behaviours than females. Preventive interventions may need to focus on gender-informed approaches when targeting multiple health risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kritsotakis
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Psarrou
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Androulaki
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anastas E Philalithis
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Ferreira RW, Rombaldi AJ, Ricardo LIC, Hallal PC, Azevedo MR. [Prevalence of sedentary behavior and its correlates among primary and secondary school students]. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2016; 34:56-63. [PMID: 26826878 PMCID: PMC4795722 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the students' exposure to four different sedentary behavior (SB) indi-cators and their associations with gender, grade, age, economic status and physical activity level. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013. The SB was collected using the HELENA instrument, composed by screen time questions (TV, video games and internet) and sitting activ-ities on school opposite shift. The cut point of ≥2h/day was used to categorize the outcome. The Poisson regression was used for associations between the outcome and the independent variables (95% significance level), controlling for confounding variables and the possible design effect. RESULTS The sample was composed by 8661 students. The overall prevalence of SB was 69.2% (CI95% 68.1-70.2) on weekdays, and 79.6% (CI95% 78.7-80.5) on weekends. Females were more associated with the outcome, except to electronic games. Advanced grades students were more involved in sitting tasks when compared to the early grades. Older students were more likely to surf on net for ≥2h/day. Higher economic level students were more likely to engage in video games and internet. Active individuals were less likely to engage in SB on weekdays. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of SB was high, mainly on weekends. The associations with sex, age, grade and physical activity level should be considered into elaboration of more efficient interventions on SB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Ufpel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Airton José Rombaldi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Ufpel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Pedro Curi Hallal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Ufpel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Ufpel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Mario Renato Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Ufpel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Marques A, Calmeiro L, Loureiro N, Frasquilho D, de Matos MG. Health complaints among adolescents: Associations with more screen-based behaviours and less physical activity. J Adolesc 2015; 44:150-7. [PMID: 26275746 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the relationship between screen-based behaviours, physical activity, and health complaints (headaches, feeling low, irritability, and nervousness). Screen-based behaviour included TV viewing, computer use, and time spent playing video games. Data were collected from 4462 Portuguese adolescents (2394 girls) aged 11-16 years. Girls who reported engaging in more screen-based behaviour (hours/day) also reported having more headaches, feeling lower, being more irritable, and feeling more nervous. Boys who reported more screen time were more irritable. Physical activity (times/week) was negatively associated with reports of feeling nervous among girls, and with headaches, feeling low, irritability, and feeling nervous among boys. Considering that time spent using the computer is related with more health complaints, and physical activity was related with fewer health complaints among boys, it is important to develop strategies to reduce adolescents' computer screen time, and to promote physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; ISAMB - Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Luís Calmeiro
- Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; ISAMB - Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Nuno Loureiro
- Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; ISAMB - Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - Diana Frasquilho
- Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; ISAMB - Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; William James Center for Research, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisboa, Portugal
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Huang WY, Wong SH. Time use clusters in children and their associations with sociodemographic factors. J Public Health (Oxf) 2015; 38:e106-13. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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33
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Patterns of movement behaviors and their association with overweight and obesity in youth. Int J Public Health 2015; 60:551-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Wolf S, Aber JL, Morris PA. Patterns of time use among low-income urban minority adolescents and associations with academic outcomes and problem behaviors. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:1208-25. [PMID: 25941119 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Time budgets represent key opportunities for developmental support and contribute to an understanding of achievement gaps and adjustment across populations of youth. This study assessed the connection between out-of-school time use patterns and academic performance outcomes, academic motivations and goals, and problem behaviors for 504 low-income urban African American and Latino adolescents (54% female; M = 16.6 years). Time use patterns were measured across eight activity types using cluster analysis. Four groups of adolescents were identified, based on their different profiles of time use: (1) Academic: those with most time in academic activities; (2) Social: those with most time in social activities; (3) Maintenance/work: those with most time in maintenance and work activities; and (4) TV/computer: those with most time in TV or computer activities. Time use patterns were meaningfully associated with variation in outcomes in this population. Adolescents in the Academic cluster had the highest levels of adjustment across all domains; adolescents in the Social cluster had the lowest academic performance and highest problem behaviors; and adolescents in the TV/computer cluster had the lowest levels of intrinsic motivation. Females were more likely to be in the Academic cluster, and less likely to be in the other three clusters compared to males. No differences by race or gender were found in assessing the relationship between time use and outcomes. The study's results indicate that time use patterns are meaningfully associated with within-group variation in adjustment for low-income minority adolescents, and that shared contexts may shape time use more than individual differences in race/ethnicity for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Wolf
- Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA,
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What can be learned from adolescent time diary research. J Adolesc Health 2015; 56:259-66. [PMID: 25592884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Time use is increasingly being recognized as a determinant and indicator of adolescent well-being internationally. Three existing literature reviews of time-use research with children and adolescents have identified time-use diaries as the preferred data collection method. Furthermore, they have encouraged researchers to examine multidimensional patterns of overall time use in large-sample whole child populations to better understand the health, well-being, and quality of life of children and young people. However, these three existing reviews differ in the time frames covered; the age ranges targeted; the categories of time use examined; and the time-use data collection and analysis methods used. This study aimed to map the extent and nature of time diary studies with well adolescents (aged 10-19 years) and the use of person-centered data analysis of overall time use as a multidimensional unit. Finally, it explores whether and how the included studies analyzed the relationship between time use and health, well-being, and quality of life. A scoping review method was employed using Arksey and O'Malley's five-step framework. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were secondary analyses of cross-sectional population-level time-use or lifestyle survey data. One-third of studies (n = 11) captured data representing 24 hours of the day. Two studies (6%) used person-centered analyses, while six studies (18%) empirically examined time use in relation to health and well-being. No studies examined adolescent 24-hour time use and quality of life. Adolescent time-use researchers are encouraged to be explicit in identifying the stage of adolescence to which their studies relate; capture 24-hour time-use data; analyze overall activity patterns as multidimensional units using person-centered methods; and use robust, reliable, valid, sensitive, and age-appropriate instruments to empirically examine time use and health, well-being, and quality of life. Through this, healthy patterns of everyday activity for adolescents can be illuminated.
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Ferrar K, Golley R. Adolescent diet and time use clusters and associations with overweight and obesity and socioeconomic position. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2015; 42:361-9. [PMID: 25576499 DOI: 10.1177/1090198114560017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Risk factors for adolescent overweight and obesity include low levels of physical activity, high levels of sedentary behavior, low fruit and vegetable intake, and low socioeconomic position (SEP). To date, the vast majority of research investigating associations between lifestyle behaviors and weight status analyze dietary and time use factors separately. Our research aimed to describe Australian youth time use and diet clusters and explore relationships with weight status and SEP (parental education and income). Cluster analysis of the National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey data from Australians aged 9 to 16 years (random sample n = 1,853) was conducted. Time use data (17 age-adjusted time use variables) and dietary data (7 age-adjusted diet variables) were collected via 24-hour recalls. Two clusters were associated with a reduced frequency of overweight and obesity (the boys' Active Sitter and girls' Healthy Academic clusters) and one with an increased frequency of overweight and obesity (the boys' Unhealthy cluster). Of these three clusters, two demonstrated associations with parental income and/or parental education level. The boys' Unhealthy cluster was associated with low SEP status (parental income and education), and the girls' Healthy Academic cluster was associated with high parental income. Not all unhealthy adolescent clusters were associated with overweight and obesity. The findings suggest sex-specific diet and activity clusters can be used to identify at-risk subgroups and inform multifaceted interventions to address overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Ferrar
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Golley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Is the association between screen-based behaviour and health complaints among adolescents moderated by physical activity? Int J Public Health 2014; 60:139-45. [PMID: 25491571 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the association between screen-based (SB) behaviour and selected health complaints in adolescents and whether physical activity (PA) moderates this association. METHODS Data from the cross-sectional Health Behaviour of School-aged Children study collected in 2010 among Slovak adolescents (age 11-15 years, N = 8,042, 48.6% boys) were used. Logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to analyse the associations between watching TV, working with a computer or playing computer games and headache, backache, sleep difficulties, feeling low, irritability and feeling nervous. Next, we assessed the interactions of SB behaviours and PA regarding health complaints. RESULTS Watching TV more than 3 h is associated with increased chance of reporting headache, feeling low, being irritable or feeling nervous, while working with computer or playing computer games for more than 3 h does so in all of the explored health complaints. Being physically active does not moderate the associations of SB activities with health complaints. CONCLUSIONS SB behaviours are associated with health complaints among adolescents, and these associations are not moderated by PA.
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Chaput JP, Carson V, Gray CE, Tremblay MS. Importance of all movement behaviors in a 24 hour period for overall health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:12575-81. [PMID: 25485978 PMCID: PMC4276632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111212575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity and childhood obesity are well-recognized public health concerns that are associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. Historically, the benefits of physical activity (e.g., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity-MVPA) to overall health have dominated discussions and emerging evidence indicates that a broader, more integrated approach is needed to better understand and address current public health crises. Existing guidelines for children and youth around the world only focus on MVPA, and recently sedentary behavior, despite an accumulating body of evidence showing that light-intensity physical activity (LPA) such as walking can provide important health benefits. Furthermore, there is accumulating support for the importance of adequate sleep and that these behaviors moderate the health impact of each other. Ignoring the other components of the movement continuum (i.e., sleep, sedentary time, LPA) while focusing efforts exclusively on MVPA (accounting for <5% of the time in a 24 h period) limits the potential to optimize the health benefits of movement behaviors. In order to address this limitation, experts in Canada are currently developing the world's first Integrated 24 Hour Movement Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth to help advance an integrated healthy active living agenda that has the potential to significantly improve the overall health and well-being of children and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, W1-34 Van Vliet Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AL T6G 2H9, Canada.
| | - Casey E Gray
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
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A person-centred analysis of the time-use, daily activities and health-related quality of life of Irish school-going late adolescents. Qual Life Res 2014; 24:1303-15. [PMID: 25398496 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The health, well-being and quality of life of the world's 1.2 billion adolescents are global priorities. A focus on their patterns or profiles of time-use and how these relate to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may help to enhance their well-being and address the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. This study sought to establish whether distinct profiles of adolescent 24-h time-use exist and to examine the relationship of any identified profiles to self-reported HRQoL. METHOD This cross-sectional study gathered data from a random sample of 731 adolescents (response rate 52%) from 28 schools (response rate 76%) across Cork city and county. A person-centred approach, latent profile analysis, was used to examine adolescent 24-h time-use and relate the identified profiles to HRQoL. RESULTS Three male profiles emerged, namely productive, high leisure and all-rounder. Two female profiles, higher study/lower leisure and moderate study/higher leisure, were identified. The quantitative and qualitative differences in male and female profiles support the gendered nature of adolescent time-use. No unifying trends emerged in the analysis of probable responses in the HRQoL domains across profiles. Females in the moderate study/higher leisure group were twice as likely to have above-average global HRQoL. CONCLUSION Distinct time-use profiles can be identified amongst adolescents, but their relationship with HRQoL is complex. Rich mixed-method research is required to illuminate our understanding of how quantities and qualities of time-use shape lifestyle patterns and how these can enhance the HRQoL of adolescents in the twenty-first century.
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Gaston A, Edwards SA, Doelman A, Tober JA. The impact of parenthood on Canadians' objectively measured physical activity: an examination of cross-sectional population-based data. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1127. [PMID: 25363082 PMCID: PMC4232667 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parenthood has been associated with declines in leisure-time exercise and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), but less is known about its impact on sedentary time and light-intensity activity. Although the health benefits of MVPA are well established, a growing body of research has been showing that even after controlling for MVPA levels, a detrimental dose-response association exists between sedentary time and adverse health outcomes and a beneficial dose-response association exists for light-intensity activity. METHODS This study examined the impact of parenthood, the number of children in the home, and the age of the youngest child on objectively measured physical activity (i.e., accelerometer derived daily minutes of sedentary, light, and MVPA) among a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of 2234 men and women who participated in the 2009-2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey. RESULTS After controlling for sociodemographic variables, ANCOVAs indicated that parents engaged in more light activity but less MVPA than non-parents and women whose youngest child was aged 12-15 years were more sedentary than women without children. Among both men and women, having a child <6 years of age in the home was associated with the greatest amount of light activity and lowest MVPA. CONCLUSIONS Modest differences emerged between the physical activity level of parents and non-parents for both genders and across intensity levels. In general, parenthood was associated with less MVPA and more light-intensity activity, and more differences emerged among women compared to men. More research is needed before conclusions can be drawn regarding the health consequences of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Gaston
- />Brant County Health Unit, 194 Terrace Hill Street, Brantford, ON N3R 1G7 Canada
- />School of Kinesiology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Sarah A Edwards
- />Brant County Health Unit, 194 Terrace Hill Street, Brantford, ON N3R 1G7 Canada
| | - Amy Doelman
- />Brant County Health Unit, 194 Terrace Hill Street, Brantford, ON N3R 1G7 Canada
| | - Jo Ann Tober
- />Brant County Health Unit, 194 Terrace Hill Street, Brantford, ON N3R 1G7 Canada
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Smith LP, Ng SW, Popkin BM. No time for the gym? Housework and other non-labor market time use patterns are associated with meeting physical activity recommendations among adults in full-time, sedentary jobs. Soc Sci Med 2014; 120:126-34. [PMID: 25240211 PMCID: PMC4252535 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and inactivity have distinct cardio-metabolic consequences, suggesting that combinations of activities can impact health above and beyond the effects of a single activity. However, little work has examined patterns of non-labor market time activity in the US population, particularly among full-time employees in sedentary occupations, who are at increased risk of adverse health consequences associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Identification of these patterns, and how they are related to total physical activity levels, is important for developing effective, attainable physical activity recommendations among sedentary employees, who typically have less time available for exercise. This is especially the case for low-income employees who face the highest time and financial barriers to achieving physical activity goals. This study uses cluster analysis to examine patterns of non-labor market time use among full-time (≥40 h/week) employed adults in sedentary occupations (<3 MET-h) on working days in the American Time Use Study. We then examine whether these patterns are associated with higher likelihood of meeting physical activity recommendations and higher overall physical activity (MET-h). We find that non-labor market time use patterns include those characterized by screen activities, housework, caregiving, sedentary leisure, and exercise. For both genders, the screen pattern was the most common and increased from 2003 to 2012, while the exercise pattern was infrequent and consistent across time. Screen, sedentary leisure, and community patterns were associated with lower likelihoods of meeting physical activity recommendations, suggesting that interventions targeting screen time may miss opportunities to improve physical activity among similarly sedentary groups. Alternately, non-labor market time use patterns characterized by housework and caregiving represented feasible avenues for increasing overall physical activity levels, especially for those with low financial and time resources. Consideration of non-labor market time use patterns may improve strategies to increase physical activity and decrease inactivity among full-time employed adults in sedentary jobs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey P Smith
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB#8120, 137 E. Franklin St., Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Shu Wen Ng
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB#8120, 137 E. Franklin St., Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Barry M Popkin
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB#8120, 137 E. Franklin St., Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
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Hunt E, McKay EA. A scoping review of time-use research in occupational therapy and occupational science. Scand J Occup Ther 2014; 22:1-12. [PMID: 25135710 DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2014.934918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time use is a defining interest within occupational therapy and occupational science. This is evident through the range of contributions to the disciplinary knowledge base. Indeed it has been suggested that time-use methods are amongst the most established research techniques used to explore aspects of human occupation. However, the extent and nature of such activity in occupational therapy and occupational science has not been examined to date. AIM This study sought to map the extent and nature of time-use research in occupational therapy and occupational science journals and the extent to which studies explored the relationship between time-use and health. METHOD A scoping review method was used. RESULTS Sixty-one studies were included. Scandinavian countries contributed the largest number of studies (n = 16, 26%). While time-use diaries were used most frequently (n = 30, 49%) occupational therapists and occupational scientists have developed a range of data-collection instruments. Forty-nine studies (80%) focused on time-use in clinical or defined population sub-groups. Ten studies (16%) included an empirical examination of the relationship between time-use and health. CONCLUSION Future research should examine time-use and health amongst well populations across the lifespan and in different parts of the world.
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Shikako-Thomas K, Kolehmainen N, Ketelaar M, Bult M, Law M. Promoting leisure participation as part of health and well-being in children and youth with cerebral palsy. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:1125-33. [PMID: 24907136 DOI: 10.1177/0883073814533422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Participation in leisure is a human right and is central to the health of children and youth. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth supported a change in thinking about what outcomes are most relevant in the context of children's health and places participation as one of the constituent elements of health. Participation is also a fundamental rehabilitation and health promotion outcome for children with cerebral palsy as identified by youth, parents, and health professionals. Several studies have identified individual and environmental factors related to participation in leisure; new studies are now determining the best interventions to promote participation. This article summarizes recent findings and proposes important topics for neurologists to consider in exploring leisure pursuits with children with cerebral palsy and their families and in working with rehabilitation professionals to promote engagement in leisure opportunities as part of integrated care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shikako-Thomas
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Niina Kolehmainen
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, The Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, the Netherlands Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maureen Bult
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mary Law
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Sharp EH, Tucker CJ, Baril ME, Van Gundy KT, Rebellon CJ. Breadth of participation in organized and unstructured leisure activities over time and rural adolescents' functioning. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 44:62-76. [PMID: 25037909 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Discretionary time outside of school offers a distinct context that can promote adolescent development; however, potential for growth depends in part on how this time is used. In this study, person-centered analyses were used to examine patterns of breadth of participation in both organized and unstructured leisure activities among rural adolescents (N = 276, 49% female) across grades 7, 8, and 10. Adjusting for self-selection factors, the study associated these patterns with 10th grade outcomes. Three profiles of participation emerged: consistently low breadth, consistently average breadth, and consistently high breadth of involvement in both organized and unstructured leisure activities over time. The most popular activity types across profile groups were hanging out with friends, team sports, and outdoor activities. Adolescents involved in a greater breadth of organized activities reported the greatest breadth of involvement in unstructured leisure and the best functioning. Adolescents with low breadth of involvement in both organized and unstructured leisure activities consistently showed poorer outcomes. Adolescents in the high breadth of involvement profile were engaged in all activity types at higher rates than adolescents in the average and low breadth of involvement profiles. We advocate for continued efforts to increase adolescent participation in a variety of different types of out-of-school activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hiley Sharp
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of New Hampshire, Pettee Hall, Room 202, 55 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA,
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Straker L, Smith A, Hands B, Olds T, Abbott R. Screen-based media use clusters are related to other activity behaviours and health indicators in adolescents. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1174. [PMID: 24330626 PMCID: PMC3878759 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Screen-based media (SBM) occupy a considerable portion of young peoples’ discretionary leisure time. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether distinct clusters of SBM use exist, and if so, to examine the relationship of any identified clusters with other activity/sedentary behaviours and physical and mental health indicators. Methods The data for this study come from 643 adolescents, aged 14 years, who were participating in the longitudinal Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study through May 2003 to June 2006. Time spent on SBM, phone use and reading was assessed using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults. Height, weight, muscle strength were measured at a clinic visit and the adolescents also completed questionnaires on their physical activity and psychosocial health. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to analyse groupings of SBM use. Results Three clusters of SBM use were found; C1 ‘instrumental computer users’ (high email use, general computer use), C2 ‘multi-modal e-gamers’ (both high console and computer game use) and C3 ‘computer e-gamers’ (high computer game use only). Television viewing was moderately high amongst all the clusters. C2 males took fewer steps than their male peers in C1 and C3 (-13,787/week, 95% CI: -4619 to -22957, p = 0.003 and -14,806, 95% CI: -5,306 to -24,305, p = 0.002) and recorded less MVPA than the C1 males (-3.5 h, 95% CI: -1.0 to -5.9, p = 0.005). There was no difference in activity levels between females in clusters C1 and C3. Conclusion SBM use by adolescents did cluster and these clusters related differently to activity/sedentary behaviours and both physical and psychosocial health indicators. It is clear that SBM use is not a single construct and future research needs to take consideration of this if it intends to understand the impact SBM has on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Straker
- School of Physiotherapy, Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, WA, Australia.
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More than just physical activity: time use clusters and profiles of Australian youth. J Sci Med Sport 2012; 16:427-32. [PMID: 23273684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe time use clusters and correlate-cluster profiles of Australian youth. DESIGN Secondary analysis of cross-sectional national survey. METHODS Data were from the National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, a random sample (n=1853) of 9-16 years old Australians (February-August 2007). Time use data were collected using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults, and collapsed into 17 age-adjusted variables for sex-specific cluster analysis. Cluster associations with socio-demographic, anthropometric, health and dietary variables were analysed. RESULTS For boys (n=930), the Social tasker cluster was characterised by social interaction and chores & work, the Techno-active cluster by team sport and TV and the Techno-studious cluster by video games and study. Average daily pedometer steps, age and remoteness were significant cluster correlates. For the girls (n=923), the Social screenie cluster was characterised by TV and social interaction, the Quiet actives cluster by quiet time and non-team sport and the Techno-studious cluster by video games and study. Pedometer steps, age, parental income and education, parent-child age difference, "extra foods", fat and fruit intakes were significant correlates. CONCLUSIONS Distinct sex-specific time use clusters and profiles exist among Australian youth. These findings may assist the development of targeted time use interventions to improve health and well-being.
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