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Carr HR, Hall JE, Brandt VC. Adolescent delinquency following co-occurring childhood head injuries and conduct problem symptoms: findings from a UK longitudinal birth cohort. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2571-2580. [PMID: 38153523 PMCID: PMC11272693 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Childhood conduct problems and head injuries share a bidirectional association, but how this affects the risk of adolescent delinquency is unknown. Due to their similar underlying mechanisms (i.e. increased impulsivity), this study aims to identify whether their co-occurrence increases the risk of adolescent delinquency. Data was obtained from 11,272 children at age 14 and 10,244 at age 17 years enrolled in the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Conduct problem symptoms (via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and head injuries were parent reported from ages 3 to 14 years. Delinquency was self-reported at ages 14 and 17 including substance use, criminality, and antisocial behaviour. Incident rate ratios (IRR) were estimated for delinquency at ages 14 and 17 by childhood conduct problem and head injury status. Co-occurring head injuries and high conduct problem symptoms presented the greatest risk for overall delinquency and substance use at age 14 compared to those with the presence of one or neither (IRRs from 1.20 to 1.60). At age 17, conduct problems (with or without co-occurring head injuries) presented the greatest risk for overall delinquency, substance use, and antisocial behaviour. There was no evidence for an increased risk of delinquency at ages 14 or 17 following a head injury only. Whilst these findings suggest childhood head injuries alone do not increase the risk of adolescent delinquency, when co-occurring alongside high conduct problem symptoms there is a heightened earlier risk. These results provide further insight into adolescent delinquency and the outcomes of co-occurring childhood head injury and conduct problem symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Carr
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield Campus, Building 44, Southampton, SO17 1PS, UK.
| | - James E Hall
- Southampton Education School, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Valerie C Brandt
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield Campus, Building 44, Southampton, SO17 1PS, UK
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Defoe IN, van Gelder JL, Ribeaud D, Eisner M. Short-term mindsets show co-development with adolescent delinquency, but not with adolescent cannabis use. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2024. [PMID: 38859737 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Guided by General Theory of Crime and Psychosocial Maturity Hypothesis, we investigated co-development between short-term mindsets (impulsivity and future orientation) and risk behaviors (cannabis use and delinquency). Parallel process latent growth modeling on three-wave data from ethnically diverse Swiss adolescents (N = 1365; Mage 13.67 years, 48.6% female), showed baseline-level associations between short-term mindsets and risk behaviors, and between the two risk behaviors. Additionally, correlated change (co-development) existed between short-term mindsets-particularly impulsivity-and delinquency, but not between short-term mindsets and cannabis use. These results support the above-mentioned theories and emphasize the importance of investigating the correlates of change in delinquency and cannabis use separately, as divergent findings might emerge. These divergent findings could partially stem from Switzerland's liberal views on cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy N Defoe
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Louis van Gelder
- Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Manuel Eisner
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Paul SE, Baranger DAA, Johnson EC, Jackson JJ, Gorelik AJ, Miller AP, Hatoum AS, Thompson WK, Strube M, Dick DM, Kamarajan C, Kramer JR, Plawecki MH, Chan G, Anokhin AP, Chorlian DB, Kinreich S, Meyers JL, Porjesz B, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Bucholz KK, Bogdan R. Alcohol milestones and internalizing, externalizing, and executive function: longitudinal and polygenic score associations. Psychol Med 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38721768 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172400076x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the link between alcohol involvement and behavioral phenotypes (e.g. impulsivity, negative affect, executive function [EF]) is well-established, the directionality of these associations, specificity to stages of alcohol involvement, and extent of shared genetic liability remain unclear. We estimate longitudinal associations between transitions among alcohol milestones, behavioral phenotypes, and indices of genetic risk. METHODS Data came from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (n = 3681; ages 11-36). Alcohol transitions (first: drink, intoxication, alcohol use disorder [AUD] symptom, AUD diagnosis), internalizing, and externalizing phenotypes came from the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism. EF was measured with the Tower of London and Visual Span Tasks. Polygenic scores (PGS) were computed for alcohol-related and behavioral phenotypes. Cox models estimated associations among PGS, behavior, and alcohol milestones. RESULTS Externalizing phenotypes (e.g. conduct disorder symptoms) were associated with future initiation and drinking problems (hazard ratio (HR)⩾1.16). Internalizing (e.g. social anxiety) was associated with hazards for progression from first drink to severe AUD (HR⩾1.55). Initiation and AUD were associated with increased hazards for later depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation (HR⩾1.38), and initiation was associated with increased hazards for future conduct symptoms (HR = 1.60). EF was not associated with alcohol transitions. Drinks per week PGS was linked with increased hazards for alcohol transitions (HR⩾1.06). Problematic alcohol use PGS increased hazards for suicidal ideation (HR = 1.20). CONCLUSIONS Behavioral markers of addiction vulnerability precede and follow alcohol transitions, highlighting dynamic, bidirectional relationships between behavior and emerging addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Paul
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A A Baranger
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua J Jackson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron J Gorelik
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alex P Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics (PNG) Center, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Michael Strube
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Addiction Research Center, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - John R Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Martin H Plawecki
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Andrey P Anokhin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David B Chorlian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jacquelyn L Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Wang W, Cui Y, Hu Q, Wei Y, Xu L, Tang X, Hu Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Chen T, Wang R, An C, Wang J, Zhang T. Childhood maltreatment and personality disorders in adolescents and adults with psychotic or non-psychotic disorders. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1336118. [PMID: 38577403 PMCID: PMC10991748 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1336118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction While the attention to personality disorders (PD) and childhood maltreatment (CM) has grown in recent years, there remains limited understanding of the prevalence and distinctions of PD and CM in clinical populations of Chinese adolescents in comparison to adults. Methods A total of 1,417 participants were consecutively sampled from patients diagnosed with either psychotic or non-psychotic disorders in the psychiatric and psycho-counseling clinics at Shanghai Mental Health Center. The participants were categorized into two groups based on their age: adolescents (aged 15-21 years) and adults (aged 22-35 years). PDs were evaluated using a self-reported personality diagnostic questionnaire and a structured clinical interview, while CMs were assessed using the Chinese version of the Child Trauma Questionnaire Short Form. Results When comparing self-reported PD traits and CM between adolescents and adults, differences emerge. Adolescents, particularly in the psychotic disorder group, exhibit more pronounced schizotypal PD traits (p=0.029), and this pattern extends to non-psychotic disorders (p<0.001). Adolescents in the non-psychotic disorder group also report higher levels of emotional abuse (p=0.014), with a notable trend in physical abuse experiences compared to adults (p=0.057). Furthermore, the most prevalent PDs in the clinical sample are avoidant, borderline, and obsessive-compulsive PDs. Among patients with psychotic disorders, adolescents exhibit higher rates of schizoid, schizotypal, and obsessive-compulsive PDs compared to adults. Logistic regression analyses highlight distinct predictors for psychotic and non-psychotic disorders in adolescents and adults. Discussion The findings emphasize distinct differences in PDs and CMs between adolescent and adult groups, shedding light on their potential roles in psychotic and non-psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenZheng Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Cui
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, ZhenJiang Mental Health Center, Zhenjiang, China
| | - YanYan Wei
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - LiHua Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - XiaoChen Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - YeGang Hu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiChun Liu
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - ZiXuan Wang
- Shanghai Xinlianxin Psychological Counseling Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Big Data Research Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - CuiXia An
- Hebei Technical Innovation Center, Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - JiJun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - TianHong Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
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Arble E. Antisocial Personality Traits, Substance Use, and Somatization: A Brief Consideration of Their Interrelation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:61. [PMID: 38248526 PMCID: PMC10815217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between antisocial personality traits and the expression of somatic symptoms has been the subject of several theoretical and empirical investigations. The present study sought to advance the understanding of the relationship between these variables by testing two moderation models. It was hypothesized that the relationship between antisocial traits and somatization would be moderated by alcohol use, such that the presence of alcohol dependence would strengthen the relationship between antisocial traits and somatization. It was also hypothesized that gender would play a moderating role in the relationship between ASPD and somatization, such that the relationship would be stronger among women than among men. These models were tested in a sample of 787 criminal offenders. Gender did not emerge as a significant moderator in the relationship between antisocial traits and somatization. Although substance use did significantly moderate the relationship between antisocial traits and somatization, the direction of the effect ran counter to expectations: among participants reporting a history of alcohol dependency, the relationship between antisocial features and somatization was diminished. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Arble
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA
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Royle ML, Connolly EJ. Alcohol Use and Moffitt's Maturity Gap Thesis for Adolescent Offending: An Evolutionary Perspective and Analysis. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 22:14747049241241432. [PMID: 38528754 DOI: 10.1177/14747049241241432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
While a wealth of research has focused on testing several arguments from Moffitt's developmental taxonomy of antisocial behavior-mainly the presence of life-course-persistent vs. adolescence-limited offending and predictors of each trajectory-much less attention has been devoted to examining how evolutionarily adaptive lifestyle factors common during adolescence may condition the relationship between the maturity gap and delinquent offending. One factor that may play a role during this period of development is alcohol use, as many adolescents begin to experiment with consuming alcohol in varying degrees in social settings to model adult-like behaviors. Yet presently much is unknown about the role of alcohol use on the association between the maturity gap and delinquency. The current study aims to address this void in the literature by analyzing data from a U.S. sample of adolescent males (N = 1,276) to assess whether alcohol use moderates the relationship between the maturity gap and delinquent behavior. Findings suggest that the maturity gap is associated with delinquent behavior and that the association becomes weaker at higher levels of alcohol use. The implications of these findings for Moffitt's maturity gap thesis and male offending from an evolutionary perspective are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Royle
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Eric J Connolly
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
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Stetsiv K, McNamara IA, Nance M, Carpenter RW. The Co-occurrence of Personality Disorders and Substance Use Disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:545-554. [PMID: 37787897 PMCID: PMC10798162 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite significant negative outcomes, the co-occurrence of personality disorders (PDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) continues to be underrecognized, and the mechanisms contributing to this co-occurrence remain unclear. This review summarizes recent work on PD-SUD co-occurrence, with a focus on borderline and antisocial PDs, general substance use patterns among those with PDs, and the association of personality traits with SUDs. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of co-occurring PD-SUD is generally high, with estimates ranging depending on the type of PD and SUD, the population assessed, and the sampling methods and measures used. Current theoretical explanations for co-occurrence include shared etiology and predisposition models, with research highlighting the importance of transactional processes. Potential underlying mechanisms include personality traits and transdiagnostic characteristics. Recent research has increased focus on substances besides alcohol, dimensional models of personality pathology, and transactional explanations of co-occurrence, but more research is needed to disentangle the nuanced PD-SUD relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrystyna Stetsiv
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA
| | - Ian A McNamara
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA
| | - Melissa Nance
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA
| | - Ryan W Carpenter
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA.
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Da Q, Huang J, Peng Z, Chen Y, Li L. Did the prevalence of traditional school bullying increase after COVID-19? Evidence from a two-stage cross-sectional study before and during COVID-19 pandemic. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 143:106256. [PMID: 37262980 PMCID: PMC10213298 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has had a range of adverse effects on the behavior and mental health of adolescents globally, including bullying, anxiety and depression. However, there is a lack of comparative studies on the changes of school bullying before and during COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE To examine the changes in traditional bullying before and during COVID-19 pandemic and reveal the related risk factors in Shantou, China. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Two samples of secondary school students were collected in 2018 and 2021 in Shantou, respectively. METHODS Bullying history and risk behaviors of students were measured in the past six months. The χ2 test was used to analyze differences in baseline information and bullying types. The binary logistic regression with Forward LR method was used to analyze factors that affect the risk of bullying victimization and perpetration before and during COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 5782 secondary school students were included, 3071 before COVID-19 pandemic and 2711 during COVID-19. The prevalence of different types of victimization and perpetration all increased during COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Boarding, being a lower secondary school student (as opposed to upper secondary school), being male (as opposed to female), drinking, and playing violent video games were shared risk factors for bullying victimization and perpetration. Living in an urban (as opposed to rural and island) was a risk factor for perpetration. Smoking was a risk factor for perpetration. All differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found that the prevalence of bullying victimization as well as perpetration increased during COVID-19. It suggests that we need to pay more attention to traditional school bullying prevention and control in China in the pandemic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Da
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Jinyu Huang
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou Huangpu District, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhekuan Peng
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yueliang Chen
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Liping Li
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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