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Wang Y, Mao J, Brelsford CM, Ricciuto DM, Yuan F, Shi X, Rastogi D, Mayes MM, Kao SC, Warren JM, Griffiths NA, Cheng X, Weston DJ, Zhou Y, Gu L, Thornton PE. Thermal, water, and land cover factors led to contrasting urban and rural vegetation resilience to extreme hot months. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae147. [PMID: 38638834 PMCID: PMC11026108 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
With continuing global warming and urbanization, it is increasingly important to understand the resilience of urban vegetation to extreme high temperatures, but few studies have examined urban vegetation at large scale or both concurrent and delayed responses. In this study, we performed an urban-rural comparison using the Enhanced Vegetation Index and months that exceed the historical 90th percentile in mean temperature (referred to as "hot months") across 85 major cities in the contiguous United States. We found that hot months initially enhanced vegetation greenness but could cause a decline afterwards, especially for persistent (≥4 months) and intense (≥+2 °C) episodes in summer. The urban responses were more positive than rural in the western United States or in winter, but more negative during spring-autumn in the eastern United States. The east-west difference can be attributed to the higher optimal growth temperatures and lower water stress levels of the western urban vegetation than the rural. The urban responses also had smaller magnitudes than the rural responses, especially in deciduous forest biomes, and least in evergreen forest biomes. Within each biome, analysis at 1 km pixel level showed that impervious fraction and vegetation cover, local urban heat island intensity, and water stress were the key drivers of urban-rural differences. These findings advance our understanding of how prolonged exposure to warm extremes, particularly within urban environments, affects vegetation greenness and vitality. Urban planners and ecosystem managers should prioritize the long and intense events and the key drivers in fostering urban vegetation resilience to heat waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoping Wang
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Jiafu Mao
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Christa M Brelsford
- Geospatial Science and Human Security Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
- Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Daniel M Ricciuto
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Fengming Yuan
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shi
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Deeksha Rastogi
- Computational Science and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Melanie M Mayes
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Shih-Chieh Kao
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Warren
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Natalie A Griffiths
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Xinghua Cheng
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - David J Weston
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Yuyu Zhou
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lianhong Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Peter E Thornton
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
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2
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Mahmood A, Wang W, Raza MA, Ali I, Liu B, Liu L, Zhu Y, Tang L, Cao W. Quantifying the Individual and Combined Effects of Short-Term Heat Stress at Booting and Flowering Stages on Nonstructural Carbohydrates Remobilization in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:810. [PMID: 38592815 PMCID: PMC10975544 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Rice production is threatened by climate change, particularly heat stress (HS). Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) remobilization is a key physiological mechanism that allows rice plants to cope with HS. To investigate the impact of short-term HS on the remobilization of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in rice, two cultivars (Huaidao-5 and Wuyunjing-24) were subjected to varying temperature regimes: 32/22/27 °C as the control treatment, alongside 40/30/35 °C and 44/34/39 °C, for durations of 2 and 4 days during the booting, flowering, and combined stages (booting + flowering) within phytotrons across the years 2016 and 2017. The findings revealed that the stem's NSC concentration increased, while the panicle's NSCs concentration, the efficiency of NSCs translocation from the stem, and the stem NSC contribution to grain yield exhibited a consistent decline. Additionally, sugar and starch concentrations increased in leaves and stems during late grain filling and maturity stages, while in panicles, the starch concentration decreased and sugar concentration increased. The heat-tolerant cultivar, Wuyunjing-24, exhibited higher panicle NSC accumulation under HS than the heat-sensitive cultivar, Huaidao-5, which had more stem NSC accumulation. The flowering stage was the most vulnerable to HS, followed by the combined and booting stages. Heat degree days (HDDs) were utilized to quantify the effects of HS on NSC accumulation and translocation, revealing that the flowering stage was the most affected. These findings suggest that severe HS makes the stem the primary carbohydrate storage sink, and alleviation under combined HS aids in evaluating NSC accumulation, benefiting breeders in developing heat-tolerant rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqib Mahmood
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Research Centre of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Ali Raza
- National Research Centre of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bing Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Leilei Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Liang Tang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Weixing Cao
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (B.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Cai Y, Xu H, Xu C, Zuo Z. Adjusting function of camphor on primary metabolism in Cinnamomum camphora stressed by high temperature. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111956. [PMID: 38101618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora has great economic value for its wide utilization in traditional medicine and furniture material, and releases lots of monoterpenes to tolerate high temperature. To uncover the adjusting function of monoterpenes on primary metabolism and promoting their utilization as anti-high temperature agents, the photosynthetic capacities, primary metabolite levels, cell ultrastructure and associated gene expression were surveyed in C. camphora when it was blocked monoterpene biosynthesis with fosmidomycin (Fos) and fumigated with camphor (a typical monoterpene in the plant) under high temperature (Fos+38 °C+camphor). Compared with the control (28 °C), high temperature at 38 °C decreased the starch content and starch grain size, and increased the fructose, glucose, sucrose and soluble sugar content. Meanwhile, high temperature also raised the lipid content, with the increase of lipid droplet size and numbers. These variations were further intensified in Fos+ 38 °C treatment. Compared with Fos+ 38 °C treatment, Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment improved the starch accumulation by promoting 4 gene expression in starch biosynthesis, and lowered the sugar content by suppressing 3 gene expression in pentose phosphate pathway and promoting 15 gene expression in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Meanwhile, Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment also lowered the lipid content, which may be caused by the down-regulation of 2 genes in fatty acid formation and up-regulation of 4 genes in fatty acid decomposition. Although Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment improved the photosynthetic capacities in contrast to Fos+ 38 °C treatment, it cannot explain the variations of these primary metabolite levels. Therefore, camphor should adjust related gene expression to maintain the primary metabolism in C. camphora tolerating high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Shanghai Baoshan District Forestry Station, Shanghai 200940, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chenyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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4
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Hassan AH, Mokhtar MM, El Allali A. Transposable elements: multifunctional players in the plant genome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1330127. [PMID: 38239225 PMCID: PMC10794571 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1330127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are indispensable components of eukaryotic genomes that play diverse roles in gene regulation, recombination, and environmental adaptation. Their ability to mobilize within the genome leads to gene expression and DNA structure changes. TEs serve as valuable markers for genetic and evolutionary studies and facilitate genetic mapping and phylogenetic analysis. They also provide insight into how organisms adapt to a changing environment by promoting gene rearrangements that lead to new gene combinations. These repetitive sequences significantly impact genome structure, function and evolution. This review takes a comprehensive look at TEs and their applications in biotechnology, particularly in the context of plant biology, where they are now considered "genomic gold" due to their extensive functionalities. The article addresses various aspects of TEs in plant development, including their structure, epigenetic regulation, evolutionary patterns, and their use in gene editing and plant molecular markers. The goal is to systematically understand TEs and shed light on their diverse roles in plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa H. Hassan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Morad M. Mokhtar
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Achraf El Allali
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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5
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Guo K, Liang W, Wang S, Guo D, Liu F, Persson S, Herburger K, Petersen BL, Liu X, Blennow A, Zhong Y. Strategies for starch customization: Agricultural modification. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121336. [PMID: 37739487 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Raw starch is commonly modified to enhance its functionality for industrial applications. There is increasing demand for 'green' modified starches from both end-consumers and producers. It is well known that environmental conditions are key factors that determine plant growth and yield. An increasing number of studies suggest growth conditions can expand affect starch structure and functionality. In this review, we summarized how water, heat, high nitrogen, salinity, shading, CO2 stress affect starch biosynthesis and physicochemical properties. We define these treatments as a fifth type of starch modification method - agricultural modification - in addition to chemical, physical, enzymatic and genetic methods. In general, water stress decreases peak viscosity and gelatinization enthalpy of starch, and high temperature stress increases starch gelatinization enthalpy and temperature. High nitrogen increases total starch content and regulates starch viscosity. Salinity stress mainly regulates starch and amylose content, both of which are genotype-dependent. Shading stress and CO2 stress can both increase starch granule size, but these have different effects on amylose content and amylopectin structure. Compared with other modification methods, agricultural modification has the advantage of operating at a large scale and a low cost and can help meet the ever-rising market of clean-label foods and ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Guo
- Lab of Food Soft Matter Structure and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China; Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Wenxin Liang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Shujun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Staffan Persson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Bent L Petersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Xingxun Liu
- Lab of Food Soft Matter Structure and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Andreas Blennow
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Yuyue Zhong
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Sustainable and Bio-inspired Materials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muhlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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6
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Sabir K, Rose T, Wittkop B, Stahl A, Snowdon RJ, Ballvora A, Friedt W, Kage H, Léon J, Ordon F, Stützel H, Zetzsche H, Chen TW. Stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions determine yield components in wheat. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1688-1696. [PMID: 37735253 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In cereal crops, environmental fluctuations affect different physiological processes during various developmental phases associated with the formation of yield components. Because these effects are coupled with cultivar-specific phenology, studies investigating environmental responses in different cultivars can give contradictory results regarding key phases impacting yield performance. To dissect how genotype-by-environment interactions affect grain yield in winter wheat, we estimated the sensitivities of yield components to variation in global radiation, temperature and precipitation in 220 cultivars across 81 time-windows ranging from double ridge to seed desiccation. Environmental sensitivity responses were prominent in the short-term physiological subphases of spike and kernel development, causing phenologically dependent, stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions. Here we reconcile contradicting findings from previous studies and show previously undetected effects; for example, the positive impact of global radiation on kernel weight during canopy senescence. This deep insight into the three-way interactions between phenology, yield formation and environmental fluctuations provides comprehensive new information for breeding and modelling cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Sabir
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Till Rose
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Science, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Benjamin Wittkop
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Rod J Snowdon
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friedt
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Henning Kage
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Science, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jens Léon
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, University of Bonn, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Frank Ordon
- Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Stützel
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Zetzsche
- Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Tsu-Wei Chen
- Group of Intensive Plant Food Systems, Albrecht Daniel Thaer Institut of Agricultural and Horticultural Science, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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7
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McAusland L, Acevedo‐Siaca LG, Pinto RS, Pinto F, Molero G, Garatuza‐Payan J, Reynolds MP, Murchie EH, Yepez EA. Night-time warming in the field reduces nocturnal stomatal conductance and grain yield but does not alter daytime physiological responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:1622-1636. [PMID: 37430457 PMCID: PMC10952344 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Global nocturnal temperatures are rising more rapidly than daytime temperatures and have a large effect on crop productivity. In particular, stomatal conductance at night (gsn ) is surprisingly poorly understood and has not been investigated despite constituting a significant proportion of overall canopy water loss. Here, we present the results of 3 yr of field data using 12 spring Triticum aestivum genotypes which were grown in NW Mexico and subjected to an artificial increase in night-time temperatures of 2°C. Under nocturnal heating, grain yields decreased (1.9% per 1°C) without significant changes in daytime leaf-level physiological responses. Under warmer nights, there were significant differences in the magnitude and decrease in gsn , values of which were between 9 and 33% of daytime rates while respiration appeared to acclimate to higher temperatures. Decreases in grain yield were genotype-specific; genotypes categorised as heat tolerant demonstrated some of the greatest declines in yield in response to warmer nights. We conclude the essential components of nocturnal heat tolerance in wheat are uncoupled from resilience to daytime temperatures, raising fundamental questions for physiological breeding. Furthermore, this study discusses key physiological traits such as pollen viability, root depth and irrigation type may also play a role in genotype-specific nocturnal heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna McAusland
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | - Liana G. Acevedo‐Siaca
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT)Carretera México‐Veracruz Km 45, El Batán, TexcocoMéxicoCP 56237Mexico
| | - R. Suzuky Pinto
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON)5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón, SonoraMéxicoCP 85000Mexico
| | - Francisco Pinto
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT)Carretera México‐Veracruz Km 45, El Batán, TexcocoMéxicoCP 56237Mexico
| | - Gemma Molero
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT)Carretera México‐Veracruz Km 45, El Batán, TexcocoMéxicoCP 56237Mexico
| | - Jaime Garatuza‐Payan
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON)5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón, SonoraMéxicoCP 85000Mexico
| | - Matthew P. Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT)Carretera México‐Veracruz Km 45, El Batán, TexcocoMéxicoCP 56237Mexico
| | - Erik H. Murchie
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | - Enrico A. Yepez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON)5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón, SonoraMéxicoCP 85000Mexico
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Murchie EH, Reynolds M, Slafer GA, Foulkes MJ, Acevedo-Siaca L, McAusland L, Sharwood R, Griffiths S, Flavell RB, Gwyn J, Sawkins M, Carmo-Silva E. A 'wiring diagram' for source strength traits impacting wheat yield potential. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:72-90. [PMID: 36264277 PMCID: PMC9786870 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Source traits are currently of great interest for the enhancement of yield potential; for example, much effort is being expended to find ways of modifying photosynthesis. However, photosynthesis is but one component of crop regulation, so sink activities and the coordination of diverse processes throughout the crop must be considered in an integrated, systems approach. A set of 'wiring diagrams' has been devised as a visual tool to integrate the interactions of component processes at different stages of wheat development. They enable the roles of chloroplast, leaf, and whole-canopy processes to be seen in the context of sink development and crop growth as a whole. In this review, we dissect source traits both anatomically (foliar and non-foliar) and temporally (pre- and post-anthesis), and consider the evidence for their regulation at local and whole-plant/crop levels. We consider how the formation of a canopy creates challenges (self-occlusion) and opportunities (dynamic photosynthesis) for components of photosynthesis. Lastly, we discuss the regulation of source activity by feedback regulation. The review is written in the framework of the wiring diagrams which, as integrated descriptors of traits underpinning grain yield, are designed to provide a potential workspace for breeders and other crop scientists that, along with high-throughput and precision phenotyping data, genetics, and bioinformatics, will help build future dynamic models of trait and gene interactions to achieve yield gains in wheat and other field crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H Murchie
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mexico-Veracruz, El Batan, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Gustavo A Slafer
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida–AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Av. R. Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- ICREA (Catalonian Institution for Research and Advanced Studies), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M John Foulkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Liana Acevedo-Siaca
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mexico-Veracruz, El Batan, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Lorna McAusland
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Robert Sharwood
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Simon Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Ln, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Richard B Flavell
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jeff Gwyn
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mark Sawkins
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Selection of Lentil (Lens Culinaris (Medik.)) Genotypes Suitable for High-Temperature Conditions Based on Stress Tolerance Indices and Principal Component Analysis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111719. [DOI: 10.3390/life12111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes, including lentil, are a valuable source of carbohydrates, fiber, protein and vitamins and minerals. Their nutritional characteristics have been associated with a reduction in the incidence of various cancers, HDL cholesterol, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Among these quality parameters, lectins have been associated with reducing certain forms of cancer, activating innate defense mechanisms and managing obesity. Protease inhibitors such as trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors have been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of certain cancers and demonstrate potent anti-inflammatory properties. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor has been associated with a reduction in hypertension. Therefore, legumes, including lentils, should be part of our daily food intake. However, high temperatures at the terminal stage is a major abiotic constraint leading to a reduction in lentil yield and seed quality. Thus, the selection of heat-tolerant genotypes is essential to identifying the potential for high yields with stable performance. To select lentil genotypes, an experiment was conducted with 60 genotypes including local landraces, advanced breeding lines, commercial varieties and exotic germplasm under stress and non-stress conditions from 2019 to 2020. This study was followed by a subset study involving screening based on a few physicochemical parameters and reproductive traits along with field performances. Different tolerance indices (i.e., stress susceptible index (SSI), relative heat index (RHI), tolerance (TOL), mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), heat-resistance index (HRI), modified stress-tolerance index (MSTI), abiotic tolerance index (ATI) and stress susceptibility percentage (SSPI)) were used for the selection of the genotypes along with field performance. Biplot analysis was further performed for choosing the most suitable indices. Based on principal components analysis, the GMP, MP, RRI, STI, YI, YSI, ATI and MSTI indices were identified as the most reliable stress indicators, and these indicators might be used for distinguishing heat-tolerant genotypes. Based on the stress indices, the genotypes BLX 05002-3, BLX 10002-20, LRIL-21-1-1-1-1, LRIL-21-1-1-1-1-6 and BLX 09015 were selected as the most stable and heat-tolerant genotypes. In contrast, the genotypes LG 198, Bagura Local, BLX 0200-08-4, RL-12-178, Maitree, 91517 and BLX 11014-8 were selected as the most heat sensitive. Data also exhibited an average yield reduction of 59% due to heat stress on the lentils. Moreover, eight heat-tolerant (HT) genotypes (BLX 09015, PRECOZ, LRL-21-112-1-1-1-1-6, BLX 05002-3, LR-9-25, BLX 05002-6, BARI Masur-8 and RL-12-181), and two heat-susceptible (HS) genotypes (BLX 12009-6, and LG 198) were selected from the screened genotypes and subjected to further analysis by growing them in the following year under similar conditions to investigate the mechanisms associated with heat tolerance. Comparative studies on reproductive function and physiochemical traits revealed significantly higher pollen viability, proline accumulation, relative water content, chlorophyll concentration and a lower membrane stability index in HT genotypes under heat stress. Therefore, these heat-tolerant genotypes could be used as the parents in the hybridization program for achieving heat-tolerant transgressive segregation.
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He J, Tan C, Qin L. Root-Zone Heat Priming Effects on Maximum Quantum Efficiency of PSII, Productivity, Root Morphology and Nutritional Quality of Two Aeroponically Grown Leafy Greens in a Tropical Greenhouse. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1684. [PMID: 35807636 PMCID: PMC9269567 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of root zone (RZ) heat priming on Eruca sativa (cv. Arugula) and Lactuca sativa (cv. Canasta) in a tropical greenhouse by exposing them to three different RZ temperatures (RZTs). For the first group, plants were grown at 25 °C-RZT for 36 days. The second group of plants was grown at 25 °C-RZT for 10 days before transferring to 38 °C-RZT for 10 days and then to 42 °C-RZT for another 16 days (primed). For the third group, plants were grown at 25 °C-RZT for 20 days and for the last 16 days were transferred to 42 °C-RZT (non-primed). RZ heat priming did not affect the leaf expansion of Arugula while the leaf expansion was slower in RZ heat primed Canasta compared to 25 °C-RZT plants. After transferring to 42 °C-RZT in the later stage, RZ heat primed Arugula had similar productivity but a larger root system with higher nutritional quality at harvest and during postharvest storage compared to those of 25 °C-RZT plants. After subjection to 42 °C-RZT, although RZ heat priming enhanced its nutritional quality, the productivity of Canasta was compromised. The results of this study suggest that it is feasible to enhance productivity and nutritional quality of leafy greens at lower production cost through RZT management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6790-3817; Fax: +65-6896-9414
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11
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Nair AU, Bhukya DPN, Sunkar R, Chavali S, Allu AD. Molecular basis of priming-induced acquired tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3355-3371. [PMID: 35274680 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The growth, survival, and productivity of plants are constantly challenged by diverse abiotic stresses. When plants are exposed to stress for the first time, they can capture molecular information and store it as a form of memory, which enables them to competently and rapidly respond to subsequent stress(es). This process is referred to as a priming-induced or acquired stress response. In this review, we discuss how (i) the storage and retrieval of the information from stress memory modulates plant physiological, cellular, and molecular processes in response to subsequent stress(es), (ii) the intensity, recurrence, and duration of priming stimuli influences the outcomes of the stress response, and (iii) the varying responses at different plant developmental stages. We highlight current understanding of the distinct and common molecular processes manifested at the epigenetic, (post-)transcriptional, and post-translational levels mediated by stress-associated molecules and metabolites, including phytohormones. We conclude by emphasizing how unravelling the molecular circuitry underlying diverse priming-stimuli-induced stress responses could propel the use of priming as a management practice for crop plants. This practice, in combination with precision agriculture, could aid in increasing yield quantity and quality to meet the rapidly rising demand for food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay U Nair
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Durga Prasad Naik Bhukya
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramanjulu Sunkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Sreenivas Chavali
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Annapurna Devi Allu
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
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12
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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13
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Tang F, Gao X, Peng J. The dynamics of carbohydrate and associated gene expression in the stems and roots of upland cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum L.) during carbon remobilization. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 178:125-136. [PMID: 35298944 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates remobilization in non-leaf organs has a potential association with the formation of cotton yield. However, our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating carbon remobilization during flowering is still limited. The objectives of the study were to: i) evaluate the potential of carbohydrate remobilization in stems and roots to yield formation; ii) unravel the carbon metabolism and transport associated gene expression patterns regulating carbon remobilization. Two cotton lines 4003-6 and 4003-10 were employed to examine leaf photosynthesis, reproductive biomass accumulation, and carbon dynamics in stems and roots during reproductive growth. The results showed that decreasing leaf photosynthetic capacity combined with rapidly increasing reproductive biomass and leaf area index is accompanied by the initiation of carbohydrate remobilization during first flowering to peak flowering. The proportion of sucrose to total nonstructural carbohydrate was also decreased at that period. The upper and lower of stem recorded higher soluble sugars and starch concentrations, respectively compared to the two others. The gross contribution rate of carbon remobilization to seed cotton yield ranged from 2.83% to 7.12%. Key genes and sugar transporters related to starch and sucrose metabolism in the lower stem exhibited significant up- or down-regulated expressions indicating their important roles in carbon reserves remobilization. Three pivotal sugar transporters SWEET1, TMT2, and ERLD5 presented higher transcript levels at peak flowering suggesting more active sugar movement occurring at that stage. The present study provides potential target genes for engineering carbohydrate metabolism and transport to improve the remobilization efficiency of nonstructural carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, College of Agronomy, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, College of Agronomy, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jinjian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, College of Agronomy, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
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14
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Ahmed Z, Khalid M, Ghafoor A, Shah MKN, Raja GK, Rana RM, Mahmood T, Thompson AM. SNP-Based Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Pollen Viability Under Heat Stress in Tropical Zea mays L. Inbred Lines. Front Genet 2022; 13:819849. [PMID: 35368702 PMCID: PMC8966704 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.819849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global environmental changes with more extreme episodes of heat waves are major threats to agricultural productivity. Heat stress in spring affects the reproductive stage of maize, resulting in tassel blast, pollen abortion, poor pollination, reduced seed set, barren ears and ultimately yield loss. As an aneamophelous crop, maize has a propensity for pollen abortion under heat stress conditions. To overcome the existing challenges of heat stress and pollen abortion, this study utilized a broad genetic base of maize germplasm to identify superior alleles to be utilized in breeding programs. A panel of 375 inbred lines was morpho-physiologically screened under normal and heat stress conditions in two locations across two consecutive planting seasons, 2017 and 2018. The exposure of pollen to high temperature showed drastic decline in pollen germination percentage. The average pollen germination percentage (PGP) at 35 and 45°C was 40.3% and 9.7%, respectively, an average decline of 30.6%. A subset of 275 inbred lines were sequenced using tunable genotyping by sequencing, resulting in 170,098 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after filtration. Genome wide association of PGP in a subset of 122 inbred lines resulted in ten SNPs associated with PGP35°C (p ≤ 10−5), nine with PGP45°C (p ≤ 10−6–10−8) and ten SNPs associated with PGP ratio (p ≤ 10−5). No SNPs were found to be in common across PGP traits. The number of favorable alleles possessed by each inbred line for PGP35°C, PGP45°C, and the PGP ratio ranged between 4 and 10, 3–13 and 5–13, respectively. In contrast, the number of negative alleles for these traits ranged between 2 and 8, 3–13 and 3–13, respectively. Genetic mapping of yield (adjusted weight per plant, AWP−1) and flowering time (anthesis-silking interval, ASI) in 275 lines revealed five common SNPs: three shared for AWP−1 between normal and heat stress conditions, one for ASI between conditions, and one SNP, CM007648.1-86615409, was associated with both ASI and AWP−1. Variety selection can be performed based on these favorable alleles for various traits. These marker trait associations identified in the diversity panel can be utilized in breeding programs to improve heat stress tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Crop Disease Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center (Pakistan), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Khalid
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghafoor
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Kaukab Raja
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mehmood Rana
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Mahmood
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Addie M Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Scotti-Campos P, Oliveira K, Pais IP, Bagulho AS, Semedo JN, Serra O, Simões F, Lidon FC, Coutinho J, Maçãs B. Grain Composition and Quality in Portuguese Triticum aestivum Germplasm Subjected to Heat Stress after Anthesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:365. [PMID: 35161344 PMCID: PMC8839059 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a major crop worldwide, and it is highly susceptible to heat. In this work, grain production and composition were evaluated in Portuguese T. aestivum germplasm (landraces and commercial varieties), which was subjected to heat after anthesis (grain filling stage). Heat increased the test weight (TW) in Nabão, Grécia and Restauração, indicating an improved flour-yield potential. Mocho de Espiga Branca (MEB) and Transmontano (T94) showed higher thousand-kernel weight (TKW). Gentil Rosso presented increased soluble sugars, which are yeast substrates in the bread-making process. Ardila stood out for its protein increase under heat. Overall SDS was unaffected by higher temperature, but increased in T94, indicating a better dough elasticity for bread-making purposes. Under heat, lipid content was maintained in most genotypes, being endogenous fatty acids (FAs) key players in fresh bread quality. Lipid unsaturation, evaluated through the double bond index (DBI), also remained unaffected in most genotypes, suggesting a lower flour susceptibility to lipoperoxidation. In Grécia, heat promoted a higher abundance of monounsaturated oleic (C18:1) and polyunsaturated linoleic (C18:2) acids, which are essential fatty acids in the human diet. This work highlighted a great variability in most parameters both under control conditions or in response to heat during grain filling. Cluster analysis of traits revealed a lower susceptibility to heat during grain filling in Ardila, Restauração, and Ruivo, in contrast to MEQ, which seems to be more differentially affected at this stage. Characterization and identification of more favorable features under adverse environments may be relevant for agronomic, industrial, or breeding purposes, in view of a better crop adaptation to changing climate and an improved crop sustainability in agricultural systems more prone to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Scotti-Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal; (I.P.P.); (J.N.S.); (F.S.)
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Karliana Oliveira
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Isabel P. Pais
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal; (I.P.P.); (J.N.S.); (F.S.)
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Ana Sofia Bagulho
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Estrada Gil Vaz, Ap. 6, 7350-901 Elvas, Portugal
| | - José N. Semedo
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal; (I.P.P.); (J.N.S.); (F.S.)
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Octávio Serra
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal, Quinta de S. José, S. Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda Simões
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal; (I.P.P.); (J.N.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Fernando C. Lidon
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
- Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José Coutinho
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Estrada Gil Vaz, Ap. 6, 7350-901 Elvas, Portugal
| | - Benvindo Maçãs
- GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (K.O.); (A.S.B.); (F.C.L.); (J.C.); (B.M.)
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Estrada Gil Vaz, Ap. 6, 7350-901 Elvas, Portugal
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Kim KH, Kim JY. Understanding Wheat Starch Metabolism in Properties, Environmental Stress Condition, and Molecular Approaches for Value-Added Utilization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2282. [PMID: 34834645 PMCID: PMC8624758 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wheat starch is one of the most important components in wheat grain and is extensively used as the main source in bread, noodles, and cookies. The wheat endosperm is composed of about 70% starch, so differences in the quality and quantity of starch affect the flour processing characteristics. Investigations on starch composition, structure, morphology, molecular markers, and transformations are providing new and efficient techniques that can improve the quality of bread wheat. Additionally, wheat starch composition and quality are varied due to genetics and environmental factors. Starch is more sensitive to heat and drought stress compared to storage proteins. These stresses also have a great influence on the grain filling period and anthesis, and, consequently, a negative effect on starch synthesis. Sucrose metabolizing and starch synthesis enzymes are suppressed under heat and drought stress during the grain filling period. Therefore, it is important to illustrate starch and sucrose mechanisms during plant responses in the grain filling period. In recent years, most of these quality traits have been investigated through genetic modification studies. This is an attractive approach to improve functional properties in wheat starch. The new information collected from hybrid and transgenic plants is expected to help develop novel starch for understanding wheat starch biosynthesis and commercial use. Wheat transformation research using plant genetic engineering technology is the main purpose of continuously controlling and analyzing the properties of wheat starch. The aim of this paper is to review the structure, biosynthesis mechanism, quality, and response to heat and drought stress of wheat starch. Additionally, molecular markers and transformation studies are reviewed to elucidate starch quality in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Jae-Yoon Kim
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
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Fan Y, Lv Z, Ge T, Li Y, Yang W, Zhang W, Ma S, Dai T, Huang Z. Night-Warming Priming at the Vegetative Stage Alleviates Damage to the Flag Leaf Caused by Post-anthesis Warming in Winter Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:706567. [PMID: 34691092 PMCID: PMC8526553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.706567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric warming in diurnal and seasonal temperature patterns plays an important role in crop distribution and productivity. Asymmetric warming during the early growth periods of winter wheat profoundly affects its vegetative growth and post-anthesis grain productivity. Field experiments were conducted on winter wheat to explore the impact of night warming treatment in winter (Winter warming treatment, WT) or spring (Spring warming treatment, ST) on the senescence of flag leaves and yield of wheat plants later treated with night warming during grain filling (Warming treatment during grain filling, FT). The results showed that FT decreased wheat yield by reducing the number of grains per panicle and per 1,000-grain weight and that the yield of wheat plants treated with FT declined to a greater extent than that of wheat plants treated with WT + FT or ST + FT. The net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the flag leaves of wheat plants treated with WT + FT or ST + FT were higher than those under the control treatment from 0 to 7 days after anthesis (DAA) but were lower than those under the control treatment and higher than those of wheat plants treated with FT alone from 14 to 28 DAA. The soluble protein and Rubisco contents in the flag leaves of wheat plants treated with WT + FT or ST + FT were high in the early grain-filling period and then gradually decreased to below those of the control treatment. These contents were greater in wheat plants treated with WT + FT than in wheat plants treated with ST + FT from 0 to 14 DAA, whereas the opposite was true from 21 to 28 DAA. Furthermore, WT + FT and ST + FT inhibited membrane lipid peroxidation by increasing superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities and lowering phospholipase D (PLD), phosphatidic acid (PA), lipoxygenase (LOX), and free fatty acid levels in the early grain-filling period, but their inhibitory effects on membrane lipid peroxidation gradually weakened during the late grain-filling period. Night-warming priming alleviated the adverse effect of post-anthesis warming on yield by delaying the post-anthesis senescence of flag leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Fan
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaoyan Lv
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Ge
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Shangyu Ma
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenglai Huang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
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Liu B, Zhang L, Rusalepp L, Kaurilind E, Sulaiman HY, Püssa T, Niinemets Ü. Heat priming improved heat tolerance of photosynthesis, enhanced terpenoid and benzenoid emission and phenolics accumulation in Achillea millefolium. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2365-2385. [PMID: 32583881 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of heat priming, triggering alteration of secondary metabolite pathway fluxes and pools to enhance heat tolerance is not well understood. Achillea millefolium is an important medicinal herbal plant, rich in terpenoids and phenolics. In this study, the potential of heat priming treatment (35°C for 1 hr) to enhance tolerance of Achillea plants upon subsequent heat shock (45°C for 5 min) stress was investigated through recovery (0.5-72 hr). The priming treatment itself had minor impacts on photosynthesis, led to moderate increases in the emission of lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway volatiles and isoprene, and to major elicitation of monoterpene and benzaldehyde emissions in late stages of recovery. Upon subsequent heat shock, in primed plants, the rise in LOX and reduction in photosynthetic rate (A) was much less, stomatal conductance (gs ) was initially enhanced, terpene emissions were greater and recovery of A occurred faster, indicating enhanced heat tolerance. Additionally, primed plants accumulated higher contents of total phenolics and condensed tannins at the end of the recovery. These results collectively indicate that heat priming improved photosynthesis upon subsequent heat shock by enhancing gs and synthesis of volatile and non-volatile secondary compounds with antioxidative characteristics, thereby maintaining the integrity of leaf membranes under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Linda Rusalepp
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Kaurilind
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hassan Yusuf Sulaiman
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Püssa
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia
- School of Forestry and Bio-Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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Jagadish SVK, Way DA, Sharkey TD. Plant heat stress: Concepts directing future research. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1992-2005. [PMID: 33745205 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Predicted increases in future global temperatures require us to better understand the dimensions of heat stress experienced by plants. Here we highlight four key areas for improving our approach towards understanding plant heat stress responses. First, although the term 'heat stress' is broadly used, that term encompasses heat shock, heat wave and warming experiments, which vary in the duration and magnitude of temperature increase imposed. A greater integration of results and tools across these approaches is needed to better understand how heat stress associated with global warming will affect plants. Secondly, there is a growing need to associate plant responses to tissue temperatures. We review how plant energy budgets determine tissue temperature and discuss the implications of using leaf versus air temperature for heat stress studies. Third, we need to better understand how heat stress affects reproduction, particularly understudied stages such as floral meristem initiation and development. Fourth, we emphasise the need to integrate heat stress recovery into breeding programs to complement recent progress in improving plant heat stress tolerance. Taken together, we provide insights into key research gaps in plant heat stress and provide suggestions on addressing these gaps to enhance heat stress resilience in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle A Way
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Science & Technology Group, Environmental & Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - Thomas D Sharkey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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20
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Chunduri V, Kaur A, Kaur S, Kumar A, Sharma S, Sharma N, Singh P, Kapoor P, Kaur S, Kumari A, Roy J, Kaur J, Garg M. Gene Expression and Proteomics Studies Suggest an Involvement of Multiple Pathways Under Day and Day-Night Combined Heat Stresses During Grain Filling in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:660446. [PMID: 34135923 PMCID: PMC8200777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.660446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent weather fluctuations imposing heat stress at the time of wheat grain filling cause frequent losses in grain yield and quality. Field-based studies for understanding the effect of terminal heat stress on wheat are complicated by the effect of multiple confounding variables. In the present study, the effect of day and day-night combined heat stresses during the grain-filling stage was studied using gene expression and proteomics approaches. The gene expression analysis was performed by using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of genes related to the starch biosynthetic pathway, starch transporters, transcription factors, and stress-responsive and storage proteins, at four different grain developmental stages, indicated the involvement of multiple pathways. Under the controlled conditions, their expression was observed until 28 days after anthesis (DAA). However, under the day stress and day-night stress, the expression of genes was initiated earlier and was observed until 14 DAA and 7 DAA, respectively. The protein profiles generated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS/MS) showed a differential expression of the proteins belonging to multiple pathways that included the upregulation of proteins related to the translation, gliadins, and low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenins and the downregulation of proteins related to the glycolysis, photosynthesis, defense, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenins. Overall, the defense response to the day heat stress caused early gene expression and day-night heat stress caused suppression of gene expression by activating multiple pathways, which ultimately led to the reduction in grain-filling duration, grain weight, yield, and processing quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Chunduri
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Shubhpreet Kaur
- Department of Immunopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical and Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Saloni Sharma
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Natasha Sharma
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Pargat Singh
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Payal Kapoor
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Satveer Kaur
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Anita Kumari
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Joy Roy
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Monika Garg
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
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21
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Single versus repeated heat stress in wheat: What are the consequences in different developmental phases? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252070. [PMID: 34033647 PMCID: PMC8148339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With a possible reference to heat priming and to characterize the extent and variation in the heat stress responses in wheat, the effects of single vs. repeated heat stresses were examined by measuring the changes in morphological and grain yield-related traits and photosynthetic parameters. To achieve these objectives, 51 winter wheat cultivars of various geographic origins were included in two independent experiments covering different phenological stages. In Experiment I, a single heat stress event was applied at stem elongation (SE) and booting (B), and the repeated heat stress was applied at both of these stages (SE+B). In Experiment II, the single heat stress was applied at stem elongation (SE) and full heading (CH), while the repeated heat stress was applied at both stages (SE+CH). While genotype was a more important factor for determining the morphological and yield-related traits, it was the treatment effect that mostly influenced the photosynthetic parameters, with the exception of the chlorophyll content. The heading stage was more sensitive to heat stress than the booting stage, which was primarily due to the larger decrease in the average seed number. The importance of biomass in contributing to grain yield intensified with the heat stress treatments. There was a large variation between the wheat cultivars not only in yielding abilities under control conditions but also in sensitivities to the various heat stresses, based on which 7 distinct groups with specific response profiles could be identified at a highly significant level. The 7 wheat groups were also characterized by their reaction patterns of different magnitudes and directions in their responses to single vs. repeated heat stresses, which depended on the phenological phases during the second cycle of heat stress. The possible association between these findings and heat priming is discussed.
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22
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Mahmood A, Wang W, Ali I, Zhen F, Osman R, Liu B, Liu L, Zhu Y, Cao W, Tang L. Individual and Combined Effects of Booting and Flowering High-Temperature Stress on Rice Biomass Accumulation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1021. [PMID: 34065233 PMCID: PMC8160744 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Extreme temperature events as a consequence of global climate change result in a significant decline in rice production. A two-year phytotron experiment was conducted using three temperature levels and two heating durations to compare the effects of heat stress at booting, flowering, and combined (booting + flowering) stages on the production of photosynthates and yield formation. The results showed that high temperature had a significant negative effect on mean net assimilation rate (MNAR), harvest index (HI), and grain yield per plant (YPP), and a significant positive effect under treatment T3 on mean leaf area index (MLAI) and duration of photosynthesis (DOP), and no significant effect on biomass per plant at maturity (BPPM), except at the flowering stage. Negative linear relationships between heat degree days (HDD) and MNAR, HI, and YPP were observed. Conversely, HDD showed positive linear relationships with MLAI and DOP. In addition, BPPM also showed a positive relationship with HDD, except at flowering, for both cultivars and Wuyunjing-24 at combined stages. The variation of YPP in both cultivars was mainly attributed to HI compared to BPPM. However, for biomass, from the first day of high-temperature treatment to maturity (BPPT-M), the main change was caused by MNAR followed by DOP and then MLAI. The projected alleviation effects of multiple heat stress at combined stages compared to single-stage heat stress would help to understand and evaluate rice yield formation and screening of heat-tolerant rice cultivars under current scenarios of high temperature during the rice-growing season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqib Mahmood
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengxian Zhen
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Raheel Osman
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bing Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weixing Cao
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liang Tang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (A.M.); (W.W.); (I.A.); (F.Z.); (R.O.); (B.L.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center for Smart Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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23
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Doğru A. Effects of heat stress on photosystem II activity and antioxidant enzymes in two maize cultivars. PLANTA 2021; 253:85. [PMID: 33788056 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The main reason for the maize genotype "DKC7221" to be heat tolerant is to have higher photosynthetic activity under heat stress conditions. The genotype "P3167" is sensitive to high temperature because of the heat-induced inhibition in photosynthetic electron transport reactions. In the present study, the effect of heat stress (45 ºC for 20 min) on some physiological changes was investigated through a chlorophyll afluorescence technique, and some endogenous resistance mechanisms (activities of some antioxidant enzymes, free proline, and reduced ascorbate contents) in two maize cultivars (Zea mays L. cvs. P3167 and DKC7221). Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements demonstrated that heat stress led to the reduction in the efficiency of the Hill reaction, accumulation of inactive reaction centers, inhibition of electron flow from reaction centers to the plastoquinone pool, and induction of non-photochemical dissipation of absorbed light energy. Changes in Φo/(1 - Φo), SFIABS and PIABS indicated that electron transport reactions in P3167 were almost completely inhibited by heat stress. In DKC7221, however, photosynthetic electron transport reactions were maintained under heat stress conditions. As a result of impairment in the photosynthetic efficiency in P3167 under heat stress, oxidative stress appeared as shown by lower antioxidant activity, accumulation of H2O2, malondialdehyde, and formazon and photooxidative injuries in chlorophyll pigments in the leaf tissue. DKC7221, on the other hand, had a higher antioxidant efficiency and lower oxidative damage under heat stress. FeSOD activity was found to be responsible for the dismutation of superoxide radicals in both maize genotypes under heat stress. As a result, it may be concluded that the genotype DKC7221 is more tolerant to heat stress than P3167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Doğru
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Sakarya University, Esentepe, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey.
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24
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Kothari A, Lachowiec J. Roles of Brassinosteroids in Mitigating Heat Stress Damage in Cereal Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2706. [PMID: 33800127 PMCID: PMC7962182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress causes huge losses in the yield of cereal crops. Temperature influences the rate of plant metabolic and developmental processes that ultimately determine the production of grains, with high temperatures causing a reduction in grain yield and quality. To ensure continued food security, the tolerance of high temperature is rapidly becoming necessary. Brassinosteroids (BR) are a class of plant hormones that impact tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses and regulate cereal growth and fertility. Fine-tuning the action of BR has the potential to increase cereals' tolerance and acclimation to heat stress and maintain yields. Mechanistically, exogenous applications of BR protect yields through amplifying responses to heat stress and rescuing the expression of growth promoters. Varied BR compounds and differential signaling mechanisms across cereals point to a diversity of mechanisms that can be leveraged to mitigate heat stress. Further, hormone transport and BR interaction with other molecules in plants may be critical to utilizing BR as protective agrochemicals against heat stress. Understanding the interplay between heat stress responses, growth processes and hormone signaling may lead us to a comprehensive dogma of how to tune BR application for optimizing cereal growth under challenging environments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Lachowiec
- Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
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25
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Eroğlu ÇG, Cabral C, Ravnskov S, Bak Topbjerg H, Wollenweber B. Arbuscular mycorrhiza influences carbon-use efficiency and grain yield of wheat grown under pre- and post-anthesis salinity stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:863-871. [PMID: 32298522 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity severely affects and constrains crop production worldwide. Salinity causes osmotic and ionic stress, inhibiting gas exchange and photosynthesis, ultimately impairing plant growth and development. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) have been shown to maintain light and carbon use efficiency under stress, possibly providing a tool to improve salinity tolerance of the host plants. Thus, it was hypothesized that AM will contribute to improved growth and yield under stress conditions. Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown with (AMF+) or without (AMF-) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. Plants were subjected to salinity stress (200 mm NaCl) either at pre- or post-anthesis or at both stages. Growth and yield components, leaf chlorophyll content as well as gas exchange parameters and AMF colonization were analysed. AM plants exhibited a higher rate of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and lower intrinsic water use efficiency. Furthermore, AM wheat plants subjected to salinity stress at both pre-anthesis and post-anthesis maintained higher grain yield than non-AM salinity-stressed plants. These results suggest that AMF inoculation mitigates the negative effects of salinity stress by influencing carbon use efficiency and maintaining higher grain yield under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ç G Eroğlu
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - C Cabral
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - S Ravnskov
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - H Bak Topbjerg
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - B Wollenweber
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
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26
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Yu X, Hao D, Yang J, Ran L, Zang Y, Xiong F. Effects of low temperature at stem elongation stage on the development, morphology, and physicochemical properties of wheat starch. PeerJ 2020. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The low temperature in spring is a meteorological problem in wheat production because it leads to yield reduction and alteration of wheat quality. In this study, an artificial low-temperature treatment (LTT) at the stem elongation stage was implemented to investigate the starch granule development and physical and chemical properties of wheat starch. Results showed that the agronomic traits of spike, such as spike length, spikelet number per spike, and grain number per spikelet, decreased after LTT. LTT promoted the development of starch granules in developing grains at 15 days post-anthesis, resulting in increased B-type granules and reduced C-type granules with an irregular shape in mature grains. The swelling power of the starch granules was reduced, but their solubility was enhanced by LTT. The proportion of the amorphous structure within the granules increased, but the crystalline component decreased after LTT, leading to a significant reduction in the relative degree of crystallinity and double- and single-helix structures. Three types of hydrolysis showed that starch in LTT was easy to hydrolyze, resulting in a high degree of hydrolysis. The findings suggest that low temperature at the stem elongation stage can not only reduce the yield parameters of spike but also alter starch accumulation, thereby affecting the processability and structure characteristics of starch in wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurun Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co–Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri–Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Duo Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co–Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri–Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co–Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri–Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liping Ran
- Guangling College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co–Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri–Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co–Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri–Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
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27
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Zafar SA, Hameed A, Ashraf M, Khan AS, Qamar ZU, Li X, Siddique KHM. Agronomic, physiological and molecular characterisation of rice mutants revealed the key role of reactive oxygen species and catalase in high-temperature stress tolerance. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:440-453. [PMID: 32209204 DOI: 10.1071/fp19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Climatic variations have increased the occurrence of heat stress during critical growth stages, which negatively affects grain yield in rice. Plants adapt to harsh environments, and particularly high-temperature stress, by regulating their physiological and biochemical processes, which are key tolerance mechanisms. The identification of heat-tolerant rice genotypes and reliable selection indices are crucial for rice improvement programs. Here, we evaluated the response of a rice mutant population for high-temperature stress at the seedling and reproductive stages based on agronomic, physiological and molecular indices. Estimates of variance components revealed significant differences (P < 0.001) among genotypes, treatments and their interactions for almost all traits. The principal component analysis showed significant diversity among genotypes and traits under high-temperature stress. The mutant HTT-121 was identified as the most heat-tolerant mutant with higher grain yield, panicle fertility, cell membrane thermo-stability (CMTS) and antioxidant enzyme levels under heat stress. Various seedling-based morpho-physiological traits (leaf fresh weight, relative water contents, malondialdehyde, CMTS) and biochemical traits (superoxide dismutase, catalase and hydrogen peroxide) explained variations in grain yield that could be used as selection indices for heat tolerance in rice during early growth. Notably, heat-sensitive mutants accumulated reactive oxygen species, reduced catalase activity and upregulated OsSRFP1 expression under heat stress, suggesting their key roles in regulating heat tolerance in rice. The heat-tolerant mutants identified in this study could be used in breeding programs and to develop mapping populations to unravel the underlying genetic architecture for heat-stress adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Adeel Zafar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; and Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), PO Box 128, Faisalabad, Pakistan; and National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), PO Box 128, Faisalabad, Pakistan; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), PO Box 128, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdus Salam Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ul- Qamar
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), PO Box 128, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xueyong Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; and Corresponding authors. ;
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Yadav DS, Mishra AK, Rai R, Chaudhary N, Mukherjee A, Agrawal SB, Agrawal M. Responses of an old and a modern Indian wheat cultivar to future O 3 level: Physiological, yield and grain quality parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113939. [PMID: 32023796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A field study was conducted to understand the physiological responses, yield and grain quality of an old (HUW234) and a modern (HD3118) wheat cultivar exposed to elevated ozone (O3). The cultivars were grown under ambient O3 (NF) and ambient +20 ppb O3 (NF+) conditions using open-top chambers (OTCs). The comparative study of an old and a modern cultivar showed variable physiological responses under elevated O3 exposure. Elevated O3 in old cultivar caused high reductions in Rubisco activity (Vcmax) and electron transport rate (J) compared to modern cultivar with simultaneous reductions in the rate of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence. In modern cultivar, high stomatal density and conductance caused higher O3 uptake thereby triggering more damage to the adjacent stomatal cells and photosynthetic pigments coupled with reductions in photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). Modern cultivar also showed relatively high reduction in grain yield compared to old one under NF + treatment. Furthermore, grain quality traits (such as starch, protein and amino acids) of modern cultivar were better than old cultivar under ambient O3, but showed more deterioration under NF + treatment. Results thus indicated that modern cultivar is relatively more susceptible to O3 and showed more negative impacts on plant performance, yield and quality of grains compared to old cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mishra
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University, Uvalde, TX 78801, USA
| | - Richa Rai
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nivedita Chaudhary
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Arideep Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - S B Agrawal
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Dwivedi SK, Basu S, Kumar S, Kumari S, Kumar A, Jha S, Mishra JS, Bhatt BP, Kumar G. Enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in developing anther contributes to heat stress alleviation and sustains grain yield in wheat. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:1090-1102. [PMID: 31665615 DOI: 10.1071/fp19016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Climatic variations along with a rise in temperature during the winter season impose severe heat stress during the anthesis stage of spring wheat, resulting in severe yield losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of heat stress on redox homeostasis in developing anthers and flag leaves of wheat. Five Indian bread wheat genotypes were studied under field conditions during the dry season, with two extreme sowing dates (timely and very late sown) to explore the effect of heat stress on anthesis stage. Results showed that elevated temperature during anthesis caused significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in developing anthers, triggering pollen mortality. Moreover, defective source (leaf) to the sink (anthers) mobilisation of starch also contributes in reducing pollen viability. However, ROS-induced oxidative damage of developing anthers under heat stress varied among the wheat genotypes depending upon differential antioxidant enzyme activities. Wheat genotype with enhanced antioxidant activities and reduced ROS built up in developing anthers sustained their grain yield, suggesting thermo-tolerance in wheat to be associated with antioxidant enzyme-mediated improved ROS-scavenging mechanism not only in leaves even in developing anther also. In the present study, heat stressed wheat genotype WH 730 exhibited effective source to sink mobilisation and sustainable grain yield with improved ROS scavenging, conferring greater potential for heat tolerance. We conclude that redox homeostasis and balanced source sink activity played a significant role for sustainable yield and heat tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad K Dwivedi
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, P.O. Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar 800014, India
| | - Sahana Basu
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, P.O. Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar 800014, India
| | - Surbhi Kumari
- Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, SH-7, Gaya Bela - Panchanpur Road Karhara, Fatehpur, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, SH-7, Gaya Bela - Panchanpur Road Karhara, Fatehpur, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Sneha Jha
- Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, SH-7, Gaya Bela - Panchanpur Road Karhara, Fatehpur, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Janki S Mishra
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, P.O. Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar 800014, India
| | - Bhagwati P Bhatt
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, P.O. Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar 800014, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, SH-7, Gaya Bela - Panchanpur Road Karhara, Fatehpur, Bihar 824236, India; and Corresponding author.
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ul Haq S, Khan A, Ali M, Khattak AM, Gai WX, Zhang HX, Wei AM, Gong ZH. Heat Shock Proteins: Dynamic Biomolecules to Counter Plant Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5321. [PMID: 31731530 PMCID: PMC6862505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the present scenario of climate change, plants have to evolve strategies to survive and perform under a plethora of biotic and abiotic stresses, which restrict plant productivity. Maintenance of plant protein functional conformation and preventing non-native proteins from aggregation, which leads to metabolic disruption, are of prime importance. Plant heat shock proteins (HSPs), as chaperones, play a pivotal role in conferring biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Moreover, HSP also enhances membrane stability and detoxifies the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by positively regulating the antioxidant enzymes system. Additionally, it uses ROS as a signal to molecules to induce HSP production. HSP also enhances plant immunity by the accumulation and stability of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins under various biotic stresses. Thus, to unravel the entire plant defense system, the role of HSPs are discussed with a special focus on plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, which will be helpful in the development of stress tolerance in plant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed ul Haq
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan;
| | - Abid Khan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
| | - Abdul Mateen Khattak
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan;
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wen-Xian Gai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
| | - Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
| | - Ai-Min Wei
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Tianjin 300192, China;
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.u.H.); (A.K.); (M.A.); (W.-X.G.); (H.-X.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin 300384, China
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31
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Qaseem MF, Qureshi R, Shaheen H. Effects of Pre-Anthesis Drought, Heat and Their Combination on the Growth, Yield and Physiology of diverse Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Varying in Sensitivity to Heat and drought stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6955. [PMID: 31061444 PMCID: PMC6502848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Independent and combined drought and heat stress negatively affect wheat yield and physiology. The present study was aimed to quantify effects of Drought [D], heat [H] and combined heat and drought [HD] during reproductive stage on wheat yield and to identify physio-biochemical traits which were strongly associated with improved yield and tolerance of wheat under stressful conditions. One hundred and eight elite diverse wheat genotypes were exposed to [H], [D] and [HD] treatments from heading till maturity. Grain yield was reduced by 56.47%, 53.05% and 44.66% under [HD], [H] and [D] treatment, respectively. The [HD] treatment affects the grain yield by reducing metabolism and mobilization of reserves to developing grains and leaves. Disintegration of membrane structure, chlorophyll and protein molecules was higher under [H] stress than [D] stress while water status of genotypes and sink strength was more affected by [D] than [H] stress. Multivariate analysis showed a strong correlation of chlorophyll content before and after anthesis, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), proline content (PC) and all other studies agronomic and physiological traits with grain yield while days to anthesis (DTA) and days to maturity (DTM) were negatively associated with grain yield under stress showing advantage of early maturity during stress. Traits having a major contribution in the first two principal components under different stress treatments may lead to improved varieties with heat and drought stress tolerance. To best of over knowledge, the present study is the first detailed study which used physiological and biochemical traits to explain the variation in grain yield and related traits in diverse wheat germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Faisal Qaseem
- Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Rahmatullah Qureshi
- Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Shaheen
- Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
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32
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Zhang X, Högy P, Wu X, Schmid I, Wang X, Schulze WX, Jiang D, Fangmeier A. Physiological and Proteomic Evidence for the Interactive Effects of Post-Anthesis Heat Stress and Elevated CO 2 on Wheat. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800262. [PMID: 30307109 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated CO2 promotes leaf photosynthesis and improves crop grain yield. However, as a major anthropogenic greenhouse gas, CO2 contributes to more frequent and severe heat stress, which threatens crop productivity. The combined effects of elevated CO2 and heat stress are complex, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, the effects of elevated CO2 and high-temperature on foliar physiological traits and the proteome of spring wheat grown under two CO2 concentrations (380 and 550 µmol mol-1 ) and two temperature conditions (ambient and post-anthesis heat stress) are examined. Elevated CO2 increases leaf photosynthetic traits, biomass, and grain yield, while heat stress depresses photosynthesis and yield. Temperature-induced impacts on chlorophyll content and grain yield are not significantly different under the two CO2 concentrations. Analysis of the leaf proteome reveals that proteins involved in photosynthesis as well as antioxidant and protein synthesis pathways are significantly downregulated due to the combination of elevated CO2 and heat stress. Correspondingly, plants treated with elevated CO2 and heat stress exhibit decreased green leaf area, photosynthetic rate, antioxidant enzyme activities, and 1000-kernel weight. The present study demonstrates that future post-anthesis heat episodes will diminish the positive effects of elevated CO2 and negatively impact wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxiang Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Petra Högy
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Xuna Wu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Schmid
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Xiulin Wang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dong Jiang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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Mendanha T, Rosenqvist E, Hyldgaard B, Ottosen CO. Heat priming effects on anthesis heat stress in wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) with contrasting tolerance to heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:213-221. [PMID: 30216779 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of heat episodes during the phase of reproductive development in crops is accountable for great yield losses worldwide. Plants subjected to stress events during vegetative stages (primed) are reported be more resistant to future stress exposure during the reproductive phases. We aimed to test if repeated early abiotic stresses could improve heat tolerance during anthesis in wheat cultivars. Two wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.), 'Gladius' and 'Paragon', were subjected to a heat priming process consisting of two periods with heat at the developmental stages of three and five completely developed leaves, respectively. The primed and non-primed plants were later subjected to either a heat stress or non-heat stress (control) temperature for seven days during anthesis. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were used to investigate the physiological performance of the plants. No difference in assimilation rate was observed between treatments for 'Gladius'. Measurements were not possible to obtain for heat stressed 'Paragon' plants due to premature senescence. We did not observe strong evidence to prove our hypothesis of early heat stress (priming) being accountable for improving heat tolerance. However, a significant difference between cultivars in response to heat stress was observed. The yield parameters of 'Gladius' primed plants did not differ from their respectively control treatment. A distinct result was observed for the heat sensitive cultivar 'Paragon', suggesting a cumulative deleterious effect caused by the repeated heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayna Mendanha
- Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792, Aarslev, Denmark.
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Crop Sciences, Højbakkegård Allé 30, 2630, Taastrup, Denmark.
| | - Benita Hyldgaard
- Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792, Aarslev, Denmark; Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Carl-Otto Ottosen
- Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792, Aarslev, Denmark.
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Assessing the Sustainable Development of Bioenergy from Cassava within “Water-Energy-Food” Nexus Framework in China. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10072153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Fan Y, Ma C, Huang Z, Abid M, Jiang S, Dai T, Zhang W, Ma S, Jiang D, Han X. Heat Priming During Early Reproductive Stages Enhances Thermo-Tolerance to Post-anthesis Heat Stress via Improving Photosynthesis and Plant Productivity in Winter Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:805. [PMID: 29951079 PMCID: PMC6008404 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress during grain filling substantially decreases wheat productivity; thus, to ensure food security, heat tolerance in wheat needs to be developed. In this study, we evaluated the effect of heat priming applied during the stem-elongation stage, booting and anthesis, followed by 5 days of severe heat stress (a 7.86°C rise in temperature) during the grain-filling stage on physiological activities and grain yield of winter wheat in pot experiments during the 2015-2017 growing seasons using the winter wheat cultivars Yangmai 18 (a vernal type) and Yannong 19 (a facultative type). Compared with the damage observed in non-primed plants, heat priming during the stem-elongation stage and booting significantly prevented the grain-yield damage caused by heat stress during grain filling. Heat-primed plants displayed higher sucrose contents and sucrose-phosphate activity in leaves and greater above-ground dry matter than non-primed plants. Priming during stem elongation and booting led to increased photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll contents in comparison with non-priming. Improved tolerance to heat stress due to the enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase and reductions in reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production was observed in primed plants compared with non-primed plants of both cultivars. The positive effect of heat priming on the response to heat stress during grain filling was more pronounced in plants primed at the booting stage than in those primed at the stem-elongation or anthesis stage. Moreover, the vernal-type Yangmai 18 benefited more from heat priming than did Yannong 19, as evidenced by its higher productivity. We conclude that heat priming during early reproductive-stage growth can improve post-anthesis heat tolerance in winter wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenglai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Khushab, Pakistan
| | - Suyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shangyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Dongguo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow and Huai River Valley of China, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Sharma D, Tiwari R, Gupta VK, Rane J, Singh R. Genotype and ambient temperature during growth can determine the quality of starch from wheat. J Cereal Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Müller F, Rieu I. Acclimation to high temperature during pollen development. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2016; 29:107-18. [PMID: 27067439 PMCID: PMC4909792 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-016-0282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Pollen heat acclimation. As a consequence of global warming, plants have to face more severe and more frequently occurring periods of high temperature stress. While this affects the whole plant, development of the male gametophyte, the pollen, seems to be the most sensitive process. Given the great importance of functioning pollen for the plant life cycle and for agricultural production, it is necessary to understand this sensitivity. While changes in temperature affect different components of all cells and require a cellular response and acclimation, high temperature effects and responses in developing pollen are distinct from vegetative tissues at several points. This could be related to specific physiological characteristics of developing pollen and supporting tissues which make them vulnerable to high temperature, or its derived effects such as ROS accumulation and carbohydrate starvation. But also expression of heat stress-responsive genes shows unique patterns in developing pollen when compared to vegetative tissues that might explain the failure to withstand high temperatures. As an alternative to viewing pollen failure under high temperature as a result of inherent sensitivity of a specific developmental process, we end by discussing whether it might actually be an adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Müller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Yang D, Li Y, Shi Y, Cui Z, Luo Y, Zheng M, Chen J, Li Y, Yin Y, Wang Z. Exogenous Cytokinins Increase Grain Yield of Winter Wheat Cultivars by Improving Stay-Green Characteristics under Heat Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155437. [PMID: 27203573 PMCID: PMC4874672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stay-green, a key trait of wheat, can not only increase the yield of wheat but also its resistance to heat stress during active photosynthesis. Cytokinins are the most potent general coordinator between the stay-green trait and senescence. The objectives of the present study were to identify and assess the effects of cytokinins on the photosynthetic organ and heat resistance in wheat. Two winter wheat cultivars, Wennong 6 (a stay-green cultivar) and Jimai 20 (a control cultivar), were subjected to heat stress treatment from 1 to 5 days after anthesis (DAA). The two cultivars were sprayed daily with 10 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) between 1 and 3 DAA under ambient and elevated temperature conditions. We found that the heat stress significantly decreased the number of kernels per spike and the grain yield (P < 0.05). Heat stress also decreased the zeatin riboside (ZR) content, but increased the gibberellin (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) contents at 3 to 15 DAA. Application of 6-BA significantly (P < 0.05) increased the grain-filling rate, endosperm cell division rate, endosperm cell number, and 1,000-grain weight under heated condition. 6-BA application increased ZR and IAA contents at 3 to 28 DAA, but decreased GA3 and ABA contents. The contents of ZR, ABA, and IAA in kernels were positively and significantly correlated with the grain-filling rate (P < 0.05), whereas GA3 was counter-productive at 3 to 15 DAA. These results suggest that the decrease in grain yield under heat stress was due to a lower ZR content and a higher GA3 content compared to that at elevated temperature during the early development of the kernels, which resulted in less kernel number and lower grain-filling rate. The results also provide essential information for further utilization of the cytokinin substances in the cultivation of heat-resistant wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
- Agricultural Bureau of Yanzhou District, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yongli Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Mengjing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZW); (YY)
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZW); (YY)
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Miao L, Xiao F, Xu W, Yang F. Reconstruction of Wetland Zones: Physiological and Biochemical Responses ofSalix variegatato Winter Submergence — A Case Study from Water Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2016.64.1.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang X, Xin C, Cai J, Zhou Q, Dai T, Cao W, Jiang D. Heat Priming Induces Trans-generational Tolerance to High Temperature Stress in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:501. [PMID: 27148324 PMCID: PMC4830833 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wheat plants are very sensitive to high temperature stress during grain filling. Effects of heat priming applied to the first generation on tolerance of the successive generation to post-anthesis high temperature stress were investigated. Compared with the progeny of non-heat primed plants (NH), the progeny of heat-primed plants (PH) possessed higher grain yield, leaf photosynthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower cell membrane damage under high temperature stress. In the transcriptome profile, 1430 probes showed obvious difference in expression between PH and NH. These genes were related to signal transduction, transcription, energy, defense, and protein destination and storage, respectively. The gene encoding the lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) which was involved in histone demethylation related to epigenetic modification was up-regulated in the PH compared with NH. The proteome analysis indicated that the proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy production and protein destination and storage were up-regulated in the PH compared with NH. In short, thermos-tolerance was induced through heritable epigenetic alternation and signaling transduction, both processes further triggered prompt modifications of defense related responses in anti-oxidation, transcription, energy production, and protein destination and storage in the progeny of the primed plants under high temperature stress. It was concluded that trans-generation thermo-tolerance was induced by heat priming in the first generation, and this might be an effective measure to cope with severe high-temperature stresses during key growth stages in wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Xin
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Jian Cai
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Jiang, ; Qin Zhou,
| | - Tingbo Dai
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Weixing Cao
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Jiang, ; Qin Zhou,
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de Pinto MC, Locato V, Paradiso A, De Gara L. Role of redox homeostasis in thermo-tolerance under a climate change scenario. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:487-96. [PMID: 26034009 PMCID: PMC4577993 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change predictions indicate a progressive increase in average temperatures and an increase in the frequency of heatwaves, which will have a negative impact on crop productivity. Over the last decade, a number of studies have addressed the question of how model plants or specific crops modify their metabolism when exposed to heat stress. SCOPE This review provides an overview of the redox pathways that contribute to how plants cope with heat stress. The focus is on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), redox metabolites and enzymes in the signalling pathways leading to the activation of defence responses. Additional attention is paid to the regulating mechanisms that lead to an increase in specific ROS-scavenging systems during heat stress, which have been studied in different model systems. Finally, increasing thermo-tolerance in model and crop plants by exposing them to heat acclimation or to exogenous treatments is discussed. CONCLUSIONS Although there is clear evidence that several strategies are specifically activated according to the intensity and the duration of heat stress, as well as the capacity of the different species or genotypes to overcome stress, an alteration in redox homeostasis seems to be a common event. Different mechanisms that act to enhance redox systems enable crops to overcome heat stress more effectively. Knowledge of thermo-tolerance within agronomic biodiversity is thus of key importance to enable researchers to identify new strategies for overcoming the impacts of climate change, and for decision-makers in planning for an uncertain future with new choices and options open to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy and
| | - Vittoria Locato
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, I-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Annalisa Paradiso
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy and
| | - Laura De Gara
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, I-00128 Roma, Italy
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Wang X, Vignjevic M, Jiang D, Jacobsen S, Wollenweber B. Improved tolerance to drought stress after anthesis due to priming before anthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) var. Vinjett. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6441-56. [PMID: 25205581 PMCID: PMC4246180 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress occurring during the reproductive growth stage leads to considerable reductions in crop production and has become an important limiting factor for food security globally. In order to explore the possible role of drought priming (pre-exposure of the plants to mild drought stress) on the alleviation of a severe drought stress event later in development, wheat plants were subjected to single or double mild drought episodes (soil relative water content around 35-40%) before anthesis and/or to a severe drought stress event (soil relative water content around 20-25%) 15 d after anthesis. Here, single or double drought priming before anthesis resulted in higher grain yield than in non-primed plants under drought stress during grain filling. The photosynthesis rate and ascorbate peroxidase activity were higher while malondialdehyde content was lower in primed plants than in the non-primed plants under drought stress during grain filling. Proteins in flag leaves differently expressed by the priming and drought stress were mainly related to photosynthesis, stress defence, metabolism, molecular chaperone, and cell structure. Furthermore, the protein abundance of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) small subunit, Rubisco activase and ascorbate peroxidase were upregulated in primed plants compared with non-primed plants under drought stress during grain filling. In conclusion, the altered protein expression and upregulated activities of photosynthesis and ascorbate peroxidase in primed plants may indicate their potential roles in alleviating a later-occurring drought stress episode, thereby contributing to higher wheat grain yield under drought stress during grain filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marija Vignjevic
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Dong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Susanne Jacobsen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bernd Wollenweber
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
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Nhan MT, Copeland L. Effects of Growing Environment on Properties of Starch from Five Australian Wheat Varieties. Cereal Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-01-14-0013-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tri Nhan
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Present address: College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Les Copeland
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Corresponding author. Phone: +61 2 8627 1017
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Wang X, Cai J, Liu F, Dai T, Cao W, Wollenweber B, Jiang D. Multiple heat priming enhances thermo-tolerance to a later high temperature stress via improving subcellular antioxidant activities in wheat seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 74:185-92. [PMID: 24308988 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seedlings of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were firstly twice heat-primed at 32/24 °C, and subsequently subjected to a more severe high temperature stress at 35/27 °C. The later high temperature stress significantly decreased plant biomass and leaf total soluble sugars concentration. However, plants experienced priming (PH) up-regulated the Rubisco activase B encoding gene RcaB, which was in accordance with the higher photosynthesis rate in relation to the non-primed plants (NH) under the later high temperature stress. In relation to NH, the major chlorophyll a/b-binding protein gene Cab was down-regulated in PH plants, implying a reduction of the light absorption to protect the photosystem II from excitation energy under high temperature stress. At the same time, under the later high temperature stress PH plants showed significantly higher actual photochemical efficiency, indicating an improvement of light use efficiency due to the priming pre-treatment. Under the later high temperature stress, PH could be maintained a better redox homeostasis than NH, as exemplified by the higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in chloroplasts and glutathione reductase (GR), and of peroxidase (POD) in mitochondria, which contributed to the lower superoxide radical production rate and malondialdehyde concentration in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. The improved antioxidant capacity in chloroplasts and mitochondria was related to the up-regulated expressions of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and GR in PH. Collectively, heat priming effectively improved thermo-tolerance of wheat seedlings subjected to a later high temperature stress, which could be largely ascribed to the enhanced anti-oxidation at the subcellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Jian Cai
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Fulai Liu
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Højbakkegaard Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Tingbo Dai
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Weixing Cao
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Bernd Wollenweber
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Dong Jiang
- National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Alam MM, Roychowdhury R, Fujita M. Physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of heat stress tolerance in plants. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:9643-84. [PMID: 23644891 PMCID: PMC3676804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14059643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 686] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
High temperature (HT) stress is a major environmental stress that limits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity worldwide. Plant growth and development involve numerous biochemical reactions that are sensitive to temperature. Plant responses to HT vary with the degree and duration of HT and the plant type. HT is now a major concern for crop production and approaches for sustaining high yields of crop plants under HT stress are important agricultural goals. Plants possess a number of adaptive, avoidance, or acclimation mechanisms to cope with HT situations. In addition, major tolerance mechanisms that employ ion transporters, proteins, osmoprotectants, antioxidants, and other factors involved in signaling cascades and transcriptional control are activated to offset stress-induced biochemical and physiological alterations. Plant survival under HT stress depends on the ability to perceive the HT stimulus, generate and transmit the signal, and initiate appropriate physiological and biochemical changes. HT-induced gene expression and metabolite synthesis also substantially improve tolerance. The physiological and biochemical responses to heat stress are active research areas, and the molecular approaches are being adopted for developing HT tolerance in plants. This article reviews the recent findings on responses, adaptation, and tolerance to HT at the cellular, organellar, and whole plant levels and describes various approaches being taken to enhance thermotolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; E-Mails: (K.N.); (M.M.A.)
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahabub Alam
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; E-Mails: (K.N.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Rajib Roychowdhury
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India; E-Mail:
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; E-Mails: (K.N.); (M.M.A.)
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Bokszczanin KL, Fragkostefanakis S. Perspectives on deciphering mechanisms underlying plant heat stress response and thermotolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:315. [PMID: 23986766 PMCID: PMC3750488 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is a major threat for agriculture and food safety and in many cases the negative effects are already apparent. The current challenge of basic and applied plant science is to decipher the molecular mechanisms of heat stress response (HSR) and thermotolerance in detail and use this information to identify genotypes that will withstand unfavorable environmental conditions. Nowadays X-omics approaches complement the findings of previous targeted studies and highlight the complexity of HSR mechanisms giving information for so far unrecognized genes, proteins and metabolites as potential key players of thermotolerance. Even more, roles of epigenetic mechanisms and the involvement of small RNAs in thermotolerance are currently emerging and thus open new directions of yet unexplored areas of plant HSR. In parallel it is emerging that although the whole plant is vulnerable to heat, specific organs are particularly sensitive to elevated temperatures. This has redirected research from the vegetative to generative tissues. The sexual reproduction phase is considered as the most sensitive to heat and specifically pollen exhibits the highest sensitivity and frequently an elevation of the temperature just a few degrees above the optimum during pollen development can have detrimental effects for crop production. Compared to our knowledge on HSR of vegetative tissues, the information on pollen is still scarce. Nowadays, several techniques for high-throughput X-omics approaches provide major tools to explore the principles of pollen HSR and thermotolerance mechanisms in specific genotypes. The collection of such information will provide an excellent support for improvement of breeding programs to facilitate the development of tolerant cultivars. The review aims at describing the current knowledge of thermotolerance mechanisms and the technical advances which will foster new insights into this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila L. Bokszczanin
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- *Correspondence: Kamila L. Bokszczanin, GenXPro GmbH, Altenhöferallee 3, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany e-mail: ; Sotirios Fragkostefanakis, Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany e-mail:
| | | | - Sotirios Fragkostefanakis
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- *Correspondence: Kamila L. Bokszczanin, GenXPro GmbH, Altenhöferallee 3, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany e-mail: ; Sotirios Fragkostefanakis, Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany e-mail:
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Zhang X, Cai J, Wollenweber B, Liu F, Dai T, Cao W, Jiang D. Multiple heat and drought events affect grain yield and accumulations of high molecular weight glutenin subunits and glutenin macropolymers in wheat. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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