1
|
Özkal Eminoğlu D, Şahin BN, Biçer D, Dal G, Huseynlı I, Dadashov A, Betül Doğan D, Kaşali K. Using patients' oral photographs for oral hygiene motivation promotes periodontal health: a prospective randomized controlled trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:786. [PMID: 38997684 PMCID: PMC11245847 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled, single-centered, examiner-blinded clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized and visual oral health education program in addition to conventional oral hygiene education. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-six non-smoker, right-handed participants (aged 30.34 ± 11.46 years) without clinical signs of periodontitis were randomly grouped: the intervention group (n = 28) received a personalized visualized oral health education combined with conventional oral hygiene education, and the control group (n = 28) received conventional oral hygiene education only. All participants were assessed for improved periodontal parameters (PI, GI, BOP, and PPD) at baseline, first month, and third month. RESULTS A significant reduction (p < 0.001) was observed in PI, GI, and BOP during two follow-up sessions compared to the baseline for the two groups. No differences were found for inter-group (p > 0.05) or intra-group (p = 1) comparison of PPD. PI (p = 0.012), GI (p = 0.032), and BOP (p = 0.024) scores were significantly reduced at the third-month follow-up assessment in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Clinical outcomes of periodontal health were significantly enhanced by the personalized and visual oral health education program applied in this study compared to the conventional oral hygiene education program. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Numerous studies reported additional interventions to the oral hygiene education program. However, we did not find any published studies investigating the role of patients' intra-oral photographs in oral care. This study's results demonstrated that a visually aided education program for oral hygiene motivation may help improve oral health. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration number is "NCT06316505" and date of registration is 18/03/2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didem Özkal Eminoğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Beyza Nur Şahin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Dilek Biçer
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gülsüm Dal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ismayıl Huseynlı
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Anvar Dadashov
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Didar Betül Doğan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kamber Kaşali
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abdullah AN, Al-Habib OAM, Mohammed SA. Salivary microbial shifting in hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis after scaling and root surface debridement. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:758. [PMID: 38874801 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the impact of scaling and root surface debridement (SRP) on salivary bacterial counts and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis, with a focus on clinical significance. METHODS An observational trial included 24 chronic periodontitis patients, eleven of them were hypertensive patients. Non-surgical periodontal treatment was administered to all patients, with clinical parameters including gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and probing pocket depth (PPD) recorded. Saliva samples were collected before and after SRP to quantify total bacterial counts and specific bacterial counts. RESULTS Two months following SRP, PI and PPD in every subject under study demonstrated good responses. In hypertension patients, the salivary bacterial count was significantly higher following SRP (P = 0.0221). The incidence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in hypertension patients significantly decreased after treatment (P = 0.0386). Despite this, there was no discernible decrease in blood pressure following treatment. CONCLUSIONS SRP alone was ineffective in reducing overall bacterial counts, but P. gingivalis levels responded favorably. Regular periodontal assessment is crucial for hypertensive individuals to mitigate cardiovascular risk. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Periodontal therapy in hypertensive patients may improve oral health but might not significantly impact blood pressure. Regular periodontal evaluation is essential for managing cardiovascular risk in hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahed Najimelddin Abdullah
- Department of Dental Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Saeed Ali Mohammed
- Periodontics Department, College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parreira GJG, de Araújo Nobre MA, Moreira AGCR, Luís HPS. Limosilactobacillus reuteri as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Peri-implant Mucositis in Total Rehabilitation: An Exploratory Study. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:610-618. [PMID: 38555646 PMCID: PMC11132781 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechanical debridement is the traditional method for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (P-im) and its success depends on the patient's correct oral hygiene. It is believed that probiotics may help by their ability to modulate the oral biofilm, resulting in anti-inflammatory and antibacterial plaque action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri (LR) in the mechanical treatment of P-im. MATERIALS AND METHODS This exploratory study included 29 subjects with implant-supported total rehabilitation and P-im, divided into test (TG) and control (CG) groups, equally subjected to professional mechanical debridement, with the administration of a daily GUM PerioBalance lozenge for 30 days added to the TG. The modified Plaque Index (mPlI) modified Sulcus Bleeding Index (mBI) and pocket depth (PD) were evaluated before the intervention (baseline) and 6 and 10 weeks later. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Parametric and nonparametric tests with 5% significance level were used in the statistical analysis, using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0 software. RESULTS Both treatments resulted in reduced mPlI, mBI, and PD at 6 weeks; while from 6 to 10 weeks there was an increase in mPlI and mBI and maintenance of PD. Compared with baseline, differences were close to statistical significance in the reduction in PD at 10 weeks in the CG (p = 0.018), after Bonferroni correction, and statistically significant in the mPlI at 6 weeks in the CG (p = 0.004) and in the TG (p = 0.002) as well as at 10 weeks in the TG (p = 0.016). Comparing the groups in the postintervention assessments, no statistically significant differences were found. CONCLUSION LR adjuvant mechanical treatment of P-im does not show a clear benefit compared with mechanical treatment alone, with both interventions achieving similar clinical results. Further prospective and long-term studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo J G Parreira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
- Oral Hygiene Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Rede de Higienistas Orais para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência (RHODes), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel A de Araújo Nobre
- Oral Hygiene Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research and Development Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Clínica Universitária de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André G C R Moreira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henrique P S Luís
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Rede de Higienistas Orais para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência (RHODes), Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naseer A, Mc Garrigle C, McLoughlin J, O'Connell B. Tooth loss is associated with prevalent diabetes and incident diabetes in a longitudinal study of adults in Ireland. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:111-119. [PMID: 37723132 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between periodontal status, tooth loss and diabetes among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland. METHODS From respondents who attended a health assessment in Wave 3 of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), an opportunistic sample was selected for an oral health examination. The oral health examination criteria were used in previous Irish surveys and WHO recommendations. For diabetes, the self-reported and objectively measured data on diabetes for the same cohort from Wave 3 to Wave 5 of TILDA was used. Multinomial regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between diabetes and tooth loss and tooth loss and incident diabetes, controlling for other covariates. RESULTS Out of the 3111 people who were offered an oral health assessment 2539 were examined. For the purposes of analysis, the adults below 50 years of age (n = 31) and those with an incomplete oral health assessment (n = 4) were omitted from the sample. The final sample consisted of 2504 people, giving a response rate of 80.5%. Among the study sample, 9.9% (n = 249) were edentate; 35.7% (n = 895) had 1-19 teeth and 54.4% (n = 1360) had ≥20 teeth. From the sample of 2504 adults, 2358 had HbA1c results and 8.4% (n = 198) of these had diabetes according to the TILDA criteria. Multinomial regression analysis showed that diabetes was associated with tooth loss. Diabetes at Wave 3 was associated with a higher rate of being edentate (PR 2.12, 95% CI 1.27-3.52) relative to having ≥20 teeth while controlling for the effect of age, gender, education level, area of residence, body mass index (BMI) and smoking. Furthermore, having 1-19 teeth at Wave 3 was associated with incident diabetes over a 4-year follow-up (OR 1.94, 1.00-3.75). There was no evidence of an association between diabetes and periodontal status as measured in this sample. CONCLUSION The results suggested that diabetes was associated with tooth loss and that this relationship may be bi-directional among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland, but they do not support a relationship between diabetes and periodontal status in this sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amara Naseer
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christine Mc Garrigle
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacinta McLoughlin
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian O'Connell
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paolantoni G, Tatullo M, Miniello A, Sammartino G, Marenzi G. Influence of crestal and sub-crestal implant position on development of peri-implant diseases: a 5-year retrospective analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:16. [PMID: 38135770 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of crestal and subcrestal implant position on development of peri-implant diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was designed as a retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis. Implant-supported fixed dental prostheses were allocated in two groups: with the shoulder (i) placed in sub-crestal level and (ii) placed at bone level. For each patient, the following clinical variables were assessed: FMPS, FMBS, PlI, BOP, and PD. After prothesis delivery, an intraoral radiograph was obtained; this exam was performed also at 5 years of observation period. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in terms of FMPS and FMBS at baseline and after 5 years follow-up (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was assessed between PD of control group and test group (P = 0.042). Patient-based analysis showed a 25.6% of peri-implant mucositis and 32.6% of peri-implantitis for implants placed with the shoulder in crestal position, while for implants inserted in sub-crestal position the percentage of peri-implant-mucositis and peri-implantitis were 19%; no statistically significant difference was found between groups after 5 years (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitation of the present study, the clinical and radiographic outcomes showed that the percentage of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was not statistically significant for both groups after 5 years follow-up. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The outcomes of present study clinically demonstrated that a deep position of implant shoulder did not provide any benefits. On the contrary, it may be considered a possible risk indicator for implant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Tatullo
- Department of Traslational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Umberto I, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Miniello
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marenzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baima G, Shin HS, Arrica M, Laforí A, Cordaro M, Romandini M. The co-occurrence of the two main oral diseases: periodontitis and dental caries. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6483-6492. [PMID: 37714978 PMCID: PMC10630193 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited studies are available testing through multiple regression models the association between the two main oral diseases: dental caries and periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to verify whether dental caries and periodontitis co-occur in a representative sample of the South Korea population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 23,405 subjects representative of 36.2 million of adults (KNHANES) were examined. Univariate and multiple regression analyses using 7 different models were applied, controlling for age, gender, smoking status, frequency of toothbrushing, use of interproximal toothbrushes and flossing, educational level, income, gum diseases treatment and tooth filling in the previous year, BMI, Vitamin D serum levels, alcoholism, diabetes status, stress and carbohydrates dietary intake. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model, participants with periodontitis had, respectively, a mean of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.41-1.23) and of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.22-0.50) more untreated decayed surfaces and teeth than participants without periodontitis, with an OR to have at least one untreated decayed surface of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.66-2.32). However, cumulative caries experience (DF scores) and periodontitis were not associated. CONCLUSIONS In this large nationally representative population, periodontitis and untreated dental caries co-occur. However, when considering cumulative caries experience (DF scores), the two diseases do not appear related. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In light of their possible co-occurrence, clinicians should implement integrative diagnostic, preventive and treatment strategies for both diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Hye-Sun Shin
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Mariantonietta Arrica
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andreina Laforí
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Cordaro
- Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 69, 0455, Geitmyrsveien, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chien WC, Fu E, Chung CH, Cheng CM, Tu HP, Lee WC, Chen WL, Shih KC. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis: Bidirectional Association in Population-based 15-year Retrospective Cohorts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1289-e1297. [PMID: 37224522 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes has been proposed. However, bidirectional epidemiological observation is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan (covering over 99% of the entire population), we aimed to estimate the development of diabetes in periodontitis patients or that of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively. METHODS A total of 11 011 patients with severe periodontitis were recruited from 2000 to 2015. After matching by age, sex, and index date, 11 011 patients with mild periodontitis and 11 011 non-periodontitis controls were registered. Additionally, 157 798 patients with T2DM and 157 798 non-T2DM controls were enrolled, in whom the development of periodontitis was traced. Cox proportional hazards model was performed. RESULTS Periodontitis patients tended to have a statistically high risk for T2DM. The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.94 (95% CI, 1.49-2.63, P < .01) and 1.72 (95% CI, 1.24-2.52, P < .01) for severe and mild periodontitis groups, respectively. The patients with severe periodontitis had a higher risk of having T2DM relative to those with mild periodontitis (1.17 [95% CI, 1.04-1.26, P < .001]). Conversely, the risk of periodontitis increased significantly in patients with T2DM (1.99 [95% CI, 1.42-2.48, P < .01]). However, high risk was observed for the outcome of severe periodontitis (2.08 [95% CI, 1.50-2.66, P < .001]), but not for mild periodontitis (0.97 [95% CI, 0.38-1.57, P = .462]). CONCLUSION We suggest that the bidirectional association is between T2DM and severe but not mild periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Earl Fu
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Xindian, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Mao Cheng
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Xindian, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Pei Tu
- Department of Oral Hygiene, Hsin-Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City 32544, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Cheng Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuang-Chung Shih
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Picolo M, de Araújo Nobre MA, Salvado F, Barroso H. Association of Herpesvirus and Periodontitis: A Clinical and Laboratorial Case-Control Study. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1300-1308. [PMID: 37295456 PMCID: PMC10756839 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A significant influence of the Herpesviridae family in the progression of periodontal disease has been suggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association of four Herpesviruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus [CMV], and Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]) with periodontal disease using a qualitative test for evaluating the presence or absence of viral DNA in crevicular fluid samples of both healthy periodontal patients and periodontal compromised patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was conducted in 100 participants at a university clinic. A qualitative test was used for evaluating the presence/absence of viral DNA in crevicular fluid samples of both healthy periodontal patients and periodontal compromised patients, and considering the periodontitis staging (stage II, stage III, and stage IV) and grading (grade A, grade B, and grade C). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The distribution of the same exposure variables to the periodontitis staging and grading was compared using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Gamma tests depending on the variable characteristics. The significance level was set at 5%. The association of the variables: age, sex, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, and oral hygiene was also considered. RESULTS The prevalence of Herpesviridae family virus DNA was 6% for the periodontal healthy group and 60% for the periodontitis group (roughly 60% on periodontitis stages II, III, and IV, p <0.001; and twofold increase in moderate and rapid progression grades compared with the slow progression grade, p <0.001). HSV1 DNA was prevalent in all periodontitis stages and grades. HSV 2, EBV, and CMV DNA had increasing prevalence rates in more severe stages (stages III and IV, p <0.001); while considering periodontitis grade, HSV2 (p = 0.001), CMV (p = 0.019) and EBV (p <0.001) DNA were prevalent only in grades B and C, with EBV DNA registering a marked prevalence in grade C. CONCLUSION A significant different distribution of Herpesviridae virus DNA per each stage of disease was registered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Picolo
- Mestrado Integrado de Medicina Dentária, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Miguel A. de Araújo Nobre
- Clínica Universitária de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
- Research and Development Department, Maló Clinic, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco Salvado
- Clínica Universitária de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM) – Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Caparica Portugal
| | - Helena Barroso
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM) – Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Caparica Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tantipoj C, Powattanasuk W, Manusrudee S, Buranachad N. Risk Factors of Dental Caries in the Thai Population: The Retrospective Cohort Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:373-379. [PMID: 38124729 PMCID: PMC10729882 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_53_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental caries increments in Thai dental patients. Materials and Methods The dental chart records of 500 patients who visited the Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Mahidol University during 2003-2013 were included in this research. Risk factors such as age, gender, medical history, marital status, routine oral checkup, oral appliance usage, initial and final records of decayed (DT)-missing-filled (DMF-T), dental history of tooth extraction due to caries, xerostomia, presence of visible plaque, presence of interproximal restoration, and caries risk level were retrieved from dental records. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the association of caries risk factors and new dental caries increments. Results The results indicated that the rate of incidence of new dental caries was 2.1 per 100 person-month. In the multivariate hazard model, past caries experience in more than three teeth (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.53-3.44) and xerostomia (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.47, 95%CI: 1.82-10.98) were independent risk factors of dental caries increments. Other factors, such as demographic data, physical factors, clinical factors, and other contributing factors, were not associated with the incidence of new dental caries. Conclusion The presence of past caries experience and xerostomia were predictors of the occurrence of new dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanita Tantipoj
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wifada Powattanasuk
- Mahidol International Dental School, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Naiyana Buranachad
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Papamanoli E, Kyriakidou K, Philippou A, Koutsilieris M, Karoussis IK. Free titanium particles and P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide create a potentially synergistical effect in a periimplantitis model. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 153:105739. [PMID: 37392698 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the effect of titanium particles and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. gingivalis on the inflammatory profile expression of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs), cultured on rough titanium discs, in an in vitro peri-implantitis simulation. DESIGN Human gingival fibroblasts cultured on SLA and TCP surfaces were challenged with LPS, titanium particles or both. At 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment, MTT assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. FDA/PI staining was performed for the same time periods, in order to evaluate cell viability/apoptosis. At 5 and 7 days after the treatment, qPCR was performed to assess gene expressions of IL-6, IL-8 and COL1A1, as well as SEM on titanium discs. RESULTS All groups presented a significant increase of their population between the time periods of examination. Regarding the interleukin gene expression, the combination of LPS and particles significantly increased the levels of Interleukin-8. Treatment with LPS and particles also induced a significant increase of Interleukin-6 and collagen. FDA/PI microscopy has revealed several apoptotic cells in the treatment groups. SEM micrographs have shown the difficulty of hGFs to adhere on rough surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The combination of titanium particles and LPS significantly upregulated the expression of IL-6, IL-8 and Col-1a. It appears that particles may arouse similar reactions to the endotoxin, while synergistically intensifying it.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li Y, Lu Z, Sun H. Impact of diabetes mellitus on the poor prognosis in patients with osseointegrated dental implants: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36876980 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2184922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and peri-implant diseases in patients with osseointegrated dental implants. Relevant studies were searched in multiple databases from the available date of inception through 26 August 2021. The odds ratios (ORs) were used as the effect indicator for measurement data, and each effect size was given estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Begg's test was used for publication bias. Twenty-one observational studies with 24,953 participants were selected. No significant association was shown between DM and peri-implant mucositis (OR: 0.739, 95% CI: 0.394-1.383, P = 0.344). The results demonstrated that the risk of peri-implantitis was higher in DM than in non-DM (OR: 1.553, 95% CI: 1.084-2.226, P = 0.016). Smokers had higher risk of peri-implantitis than non-smoking patients (OR: 1.754, 95% CI: 1.620-1.899, P < 0.001). In addition, no significant association was shown between DM and peri-implantitis among non-smokers. The association between periodontal history (OR: 2.538, 95% CI: 0.814-7.921, P = 0.109), poor plaque control (OR: 1.700, 95% CI: 0.334-8.648, P = 0.523) and peri-implantitis was not statistically significant. No publication bias was observed for each outcome. DM increases the risk of poor outcomes in osseointegrated dental implant patients. The findings of the present study further elucidate the need for longitudinal investigations regarding risk variables that affects peri-implant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanyi Lu
- JiangBei Stomatological Center, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huachang Sun
- Stomatology Department, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Jiangsu, NanJing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gordon AM, Ng MK, Erez O, Wong CH, Mont MA. The Importance of Oral History: Does Dental Implant Placement or Caries One Year Before or After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Increase Medical Complications and Periprosthetic Joint Infections? J Arthroplasty 2023; 38:476-483. [PMID: 36252742 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consensus regarding prior dental problems on the outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients is lacking. Therefore, our objectives were to determine the association of dental caries or dental implant placement in TKA patients on the following: (1) medical complications; (2) health care utilization (lengths of stay and readmissions); (3) implant-related complications; and (4) expenditures. METHODS A retrospective query was performed using an administrative claims database for 3 patient cohorts undergoing primary TKA from 2010 to 2020. Patients who had a history of dental caries or implant placement 1 year prior to TKA (n = 1,466) and 1 year after TKA (n = 1,127) were case-matched to patients who did not have a dental history by age and comorbidities. Outcomes included 90-day complications, health care utilization parameters, 2-year implant complications, and expenditures. Logistic regression models computed odds ratios (OR) of complications and readmissions. P values less than 0.005 were significant. RESULTS Patients who had a dental implant placement prior to TKA had higher frequency of complications (20.05 versus 14.01%; OR: 1.53, P < .0001), including myocardial infarctions (2.52 versus 1.23%; OR: 2.08, P = .0002) and pneumonia (2.52 versus 1.24%; OR: 2.06, P = .0002). Lengths of stay (3.28 versus 2.98 days; P = .255), readmission rates (4.71 versus 4.28%; P = .470), and implant-related complications including periprosthetic joint infections (3.14 versus 2.63%; OR: 1.20, P = .279) were similar between patients lacking dental history. Expenditures were higher in patients who had a postoperative and preoperative dental history ($19,252 versus $19,363 versus 17,980; P < .001). CONCLUSION Dental caries or implant placement may reflect overall worse medical condition resulting in more complications and higher costs after TKA. Dental history screening preoperatively may assist arthroplasty surgeons in minimizing complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Gordon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Mitchell K Ng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Orry Erez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Che H Wong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Michael A Mont
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rubin Institute of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gajendra S, McIntosh S, Ghosh S. Effects of tobacco product use on oral health and the role of oral healthcare providers in cessation: A narrative review. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:12. [PMID: 36741542 PMCID: PMC9875717 DOI: 10.18332/tid/157203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use has detrimental effects on health, including oral health. The emergence and increasing popularity of newer tobacco and nicotine products make tobacco use one of the major public health problems in the world. Tobacco use increases the risk of oral diseases such as oral cancer, oral mucosal lesions, periodontal disease, and dental caries, among many other oral diseases and conditions. The dental office is an excellent venue for providing cessation intervention. However, there is a lack of knowledge and training in tobacco use prevention among dental professionals. More efforts are needed for smoking cessation interventions in the dental office. Smoking cessation interventions provided by oral healthcare providers include brief educational, behavioral, and pharmacological interventions. This review provides an overview of the ill effects of tobacco use on oral health and the role of oral healthcare providers in managing and preventing tobacco dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Gajendra
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Sucharu Ghosh
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sbricoli L, Bazzi E, Stellini E, Bacci C. Systemic Diseases and Biological Dental Implant Complications: A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 11:dj11010010. [PMID: 36661547 PMCID: PMC9857470 DOI: 10.3390/dj11010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between periodontitis and such systemic disorders as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity has been extensively investigated. There is less scientific evidence available, however, regarding the influence of systemic diseases on the risk of late failure of dental implant rehabilitation due to peri-implantitis. The aim of the present study was to review the literature on the role of several common systemic disorders (diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and osteoporosis) in the onset of peri-implantitis. A database search initially yielded 2787 studies of potential interest published up to 1 March 2022 (993 in PubMed; 908 in Web of Science; and 886 in Scopus). After removing 1190 duplicate articles and checking the titles, abstracts and full texts for relevance, 70 articles were selected for the present analysis. Only cohort, case-control studies and clinical case series were considered. Most of the literature concludes for no association between diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension or osteoporosis and the risk of peri-implantitis. On the other hand, almost all the studies that investigated obesity as a risk factor for implant rehabilitation found a positive association between the two. Further longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the effects of systemic diseases on rehabilitation with dental implants.
Collapse
|
15
|
Singh N, Puzhankara L, Kedlaya MN, Ramanarayanan V. Effectiveness of tea tree oil versus chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontal diseases: a systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2022:10.1038/s41432-022-0259-6. [PMID: 35821403 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Plaque biofilm that adheres to tooth surfaces and gingiva is the main aetiology of periodontitis. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is considered as a gold standard anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis agent but it has side effects such as permanent staining of teeth and dysgeusia. Tea tree oil (TTO) is an essential oil extracted from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia. Many studies have reported that TTO exerts strong antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.Primary study objective The review aims to answer the question of whether TTO (intervention) is a viable alternative to CHX (comparator) for the management of gingival and periodontal disease (outcomes) in adolescents and adults (population).Methods/design The following search terms were used in PubMed, Scopus, Proquest, Web of Science, EBSCO (dentistry and open access), Cochrane database, Clinical.gov.org and ctri.nic.in to search for relevant articles: patients with periodontal disease; OR periodontitis; OR gingivitis; OR gingival inflammation; AND essential oil; OR tea tree oil; OR Melaleuca alternifolia; AND chlorhexidine; AND reduction in gingival index; OR reduction in plaque index; OR reduction in bleeding from gums. The initial check for the title and abstract screening followed by removal of duplicates in Mendeley Reference Manager (version 1.19.4) based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were performed.Primary outcome measures Parameters such as plaque index (PI), plaque surface score, gingival index (GI), bleeding index or bleeding as measured by % of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) or bleeding scores, papillary bleeding index (PBI), were the primary outcomes considered.Results TTO is found to be superior to CHX in reducing signs of gingival inflammation; however, CHX is superior to TTO in inhibiting plaque formation, probably due to its increased substantivity.Conclusion TTO may be used as an alternative to CHX for reduction of gingival inflammation in conjunction with efficient plaque control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Singh
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmi Puzhankara
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Madhurya N Kedlaya
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schliephake H. The role of systemic diseases and local conditions as risk factors. Periodontol 2000 2022; 88:36-51. [PMID: 35103330 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine George-Augusta-University, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang J, Yu J, Dou J, Hu P, Guo Q. The Impact of Smoking on Subgingival Plaque and the Development of Periodontitis: A Literature Review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:751099. [PMID: 35048061 PMCID: PMC8757877 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.751099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking seriously affects oral health and causes a variety of oral diseases. Numerous clinical data show that smoking significantly increases the risk of periodontitis, and the duration and amount of smoking are positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis. In fact, smoking creates an environment conducive to the colonization of periodontopathogens, which affects the process of periodontitis. Since subgingival plaque which harbors periodontopathogens is the initiation factor of periodontitis, it is critical to study the impact of smoking on subgingival microbiota for understanding the relationship between smoking and periodontitis. Continuous advances have been made on the understanding of effects of smoking on subgingival plaque and the development of periodontitis. Smoking is observed to enhance the pathogenicity of periodontopathogens, especially the red complex microorganisms, via promoting their colonization and infection, and regulating the expression and function of multiple virulence factors. Furthermore, smoking has a negative impact on periodontal microecological homeostasis, which is reflected in the decrease of commensal bacteria and the increase of periodontopathogens, as well as the changes in the interaction between periodontopathogens and their commensal microbes in subgingival biofilm, thus influencing the pathogenicity of the subgingival plaque. In summary, the mechanism of smoking on subgingival plaque microorganisms represented by the red complex and its effect on the periodontal microecology still need to be further explored. The relevant research results are of great significance for guiding the periodontal clinical treatment of smoking population. This review summarizes the effects and relevant mechanisms of smoking on subgingival plaque and the development of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialu Yu
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinge Dou
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Systematic review on diabetes mellitus and dental implants: an update. Int J Implant Dent 2022; 8:1. [PMID: 34978649 PMCID: PMC8724342 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dental implant surgery was developed to be the most suitable and comfortable instrument for dental and oral rehabilitation in the past decades, but with increasing numbers of inserted implants, complications are becoming more common. Diabetes mellitus as well as prediabetic conditions represent a common and increasing health problem (International Diabetes Federation in IDF Diabetes Atlas, International Diabetes Federation, Brussels, 2019) with extensive harmful effects on the entire organism [(Abiko and Selimovic in Bosnian J Basic Med Sci 10:186–191, 2010), (Khader et al., in J Diabetes Complicat 20:59–68, 2006, 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2005.05.006)]. Hence, this study aimed to give an update on current literature on effects of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus on dental implant success. Methods A systematic literature research based on the PRISMA statement was conducted to answer the PICO question “Do diabetic patients with dental implants have a higher complication rate in comparison to healthy controls?”. We included 40 clinical studies and 16 publications of aggregated literature in this systematic review. Results We conclude that patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus suffer more often from peri-implantitis, especially in the post-implantation time. Moreover, these patients show higher implant loss rates than healthy individuals in long term. Whereas, under controlled conditions success rates are similar. Perioperative anti-infective therapy, such as the supportive administration of antibiotics and chlorhexidine, is the standard nowadays as it seems to improve implant success. Only few studies regarding dental implants in patients with prediabetic conditions are available, indicating a possible negative effect on developing peri-implant diseases but no influence on implant survival. Conclusion Dental implant procedures represent a safe way of oral rehabilitation in patients with prediabetes or diabetes mellitus, as long as appropriate precautions can be adhered to. Accordingly, under controlled conditions there is still no contraindication for dental implant surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus or prediabetic conditions.
Collapse
|
19
|
Smoking and Dental Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 58:medicina58010039. [PMID: 35056347 PMCID: PMC8780868 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Tobacco is today the single most preventable cause of death, being associated with countless diseases, including cancer and neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. Smoking also brings negative consequences to oral health, potentially impairing treatment with dental implants. The present review aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking on dental implant failure rates and marginal bone loss (MBL). Materials and Methods: Electronic search was undertaken in three databases, plus a manual search of journals. Meta-analyses were performed, in addition to meta-regressions, in order to verify how the odds ratio (OR) and MBL were associated with follow-up time. Results: The review included 292 publications. Altogether, there were 35,511 and 114,597 implants placed in smokers and in non-smokers, respectively. Pairwise meta-analysis showed that implants in smokers had a higher failure risk in comparison with non-smokers (OR 2.402, p < 0.001). The difference in implant failure between the groups was statistically significant in the maxilla (OR 2.910, p < 0.001), as well as in the mandible (OR 2.866, p < 0.001). The MBL mean difference (MD) between the groups was 0.580 mm (p < 0.001). There was an estimated decrease of 0.001 in OR (p = 0.566) and increase of 0.004 mm (p = 0.279) in the MBL MD between groups for every additional month of follow-up, although without statistical significance. Therefore, there was no clear influence of the follow-up on the effect size (OR) and on MBL MD between groups. Conclusions: Implants placed in smokers present a 140.2% higher risk of failure than implants placed in non-smokers.
Collapse
|
20
|
Association between liver cirrhosis and peri-implant diseases: a case-control study on implant- and patient-related risk factors. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:3563-3572. [PMID: 34859326 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential association between liver cirrhosis and peri-implant diseases, as well as the influence of different risk indicators on this association. METHODS This case-control study included 64 cases with liver cirrhosis and 128 controls without liver diseases that presented the same socio-demographic and economic profile. The specific inclusion criteria were the following: aged group of 35-55 years and presenting at least one osseointegrated implant functioning for >5 years. A full-mouth peri-implant and periodontal examination was performed and risk variables were recorded. The association between risk variables and the occurrence of peri-implant diseases was tested through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by alcohol status. Additionally, a mediation analysis was performed to examine the mediating effect of age with peri-implantitis. RESULTS A high prevalence of peri-implantitis (29.7%) was observed among cases when compared to controls (18.0%). Individuals with cirrhosis presented ~2.5 higher chance of having peri-implantitis than controls (p<0.001). Significant variables associated with the occurrence of peri-implantitis in the final logistic model were the following: cirrhosis, alcohol use, age (>55 years), male sex, smoking, periodontitis, and number of ≤14. CONCLUSIONS An important risk association between liver cirrhosis and peri-implantitis was reported. Future studies with a larger sample size controlling for the patient- and implant-related confounders are needed to better understand the link between peri-implantitis and liver cirrhosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cirrhosis individuals, age, and periodontitis, as well as alcohol use and smoking interaction, should be considered as potential risk indicators for peri-implantitis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Effects of cigarette smoking on the growth of Streptococcus mutans biofilms: An in vitro study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259895. [PMID: 34780570 PMCID: PMC8592469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of dental caries by cigarette smoking (CS) has been widely reported in epidemiological studies, but the relationship between CS and cariogenic biofilm growth has been rarely studied. This study aims to investigate the effects of CS exposure on the growth and virulence of Streptococcus mutans biofilms (S. mutans). Briefly, S. mutans biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks, which were exposed to CS 1, 3, and 6 times per day, respectively. In addition, S. mutans biofilms without CS exposure were considered as the control group. Acidogenicity, dry weight, colony-forming units (CFUs), water-soluble/insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), and intracellular polysaccharides (IPSs) were analyzed and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of 74-h-old S. mutans biofilms were obtained. The lowest accumulation of biofilms and EPSs were detected in the 6 times/day CS exposure group compared with those of the control group and other CS exposure groups in 74-h-old S. mutans biofilms. CLSM also revealed the lowest bacterial count (live and dead cells) and EPSs biovolume in the six times/day CS exposure group in 74-h-old S. mutans biofilms. CS exposure inhibited the growth of S. mutans biofilm in vitro study, the anti-cariogenic biofilm formation was enhanced with a dose (frequency)-dependent at which frequency has more influence in the present findings.
Collapse
|
22
|
Perrin M, Schmitt A, Ardagna Y. From early to late modern societies (late 16th - early 20th century): Shifts in dental health status in two populations from southeastern France. Ann Anat 2021; 239:151843. [PMID: 34653620 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In France, bioarcheological research has long overlooked the early and late modern periods, which witnessed major transformations impacting population structure and leading to the dawn of modern industrialized societies. Two recently excavated large cemeteries in Provence present a unique opportunity to investigate on a large scale the impact on health and living conditions brought about by the Industrial Revolution and consequently track health status changes from the 16th to the early 20th century. The sample includes 642 individuals from the early modern cemetery of Saint-Jacques, La Ciotat (1581-1831) and the late modern cemetery of Les Crottes, Marseille (1784-1905). This study aims to document dental health markers and compare the results between both assemblages, considering ante-mortem tooth loss, wear, caries, abscesses, calculus, periodontitis and linear enamel hypoplasia. The available archaeological and historical sources for these recent periods provide a full documentation in which to interpret and discuss the biological analysis, thus enabling an inclusive bioarcheological approach. RESULTS: revealed similarities between both samples. Differences are more subtle than expected and are seen through the increase in carious lesions and in linear enamel hypoplasia. The former seem to indicate changes in diet with the introduction of new foodstuffs and manufacturing processes during the Industrial Revolution. The latter could reflect the increase in early childhood stress, perhaps due to new feeding practices around weaning and breastfeeding or a poorly diversified diet. Finally, the increasing number of stress events could suggest a noxious sanitary and infectious environment. During the 19th century, Marseille experienced strong demographic and urban growth, resulting in overcrowded areas where sanitation facilities were insufficient or absent. Moreover, the activity of this important trading seaport might have promoted the transmission and appearance of epidemic diseases despite scientific and medical advances, which would have a real impact only from the 20th century onwards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurore Schmitt
- ASM - Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes, UMR5140, Univ Paul-Valéry Montpellier, CNRS, MCC, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Ardagna
- Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, LA3M, Aix-en-Provence, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Puzhankara L, Janakiram C. Medical-Dental Integration-Achieving Equity in Periodontal and General Healthcare in the Indian Scenario. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:359-366. [PMID: 34430495 PMCID: PMC8352052 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_75_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Dentistry and medicine have been treated as separate entities by healthcare professionals as well as the populace since a long time. Although dentistry as a standalone entity has achieved considerable progress, there is a significant inequity in the accessibility, affordability, and acceptability of dental care among various socioeconomic strata in the community. Moreover, it is becoming increasingly evident that oral diseases and systemic diseases often share multiple risk factors. Management of oral and systemic diseases as distinct units often results in duplication of care and wastage of resources. This paper gives information on the models of medical-dental integration and possible methods for integrating the same into Indian healthcare scenario. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles pertaining to medical-dental integration. The data obtained were collated. Results: Literatures show that different modalities for medical-dental integration are in practice. However, there is a paucity in conceptual models that may be applied to bring about such an integration into the Indian healthcare system. Conclusion: Integration of medical and dental care would pave the way for equity in health care for everyone. Conceptual models for integrating oral disease surveillance into systemic disease have been proposed in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Puzhankara
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chandrashekar Janakiram
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Casula L, Poli A, Clemente T, Artuso G, Capparé P, Gherlone EF. Prevalence of peri-implantitis in a sample of HIV-positive patients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:1002-1013. [PMID: 34288560 PMCID: PMC8638315 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the prevalence of peri-implantitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and the presence of a possible correlation between the immunological profile and serological values, of peri-implantitis, and of possible differences between all-on-4 and single crown/bridge prostheses. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 58 adult HIV-positive patients (222 implants) with either all-in-4 prostheses or single crowns/bridges on at least one dental implant loaded for more than a year who were followed for 3 year (mean follow-up). Data pertaining to the probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing, and immunological and systemic profile were collected. RESULTS Patients with single crown/bridge implant rehabilitation showed higher prevalence of peri-implantitis (34%) than patients with all-on-4 rehabilitation (0%) (p = 0.012). Patients with all-on-4 rehabilitation were significantly older than those with single crowns/bridges (p = 0.004). Patients with peri-implantitis had implants for a significantly longer duration than those without (p = 0.001), implying that the probability of peri-implantitis increases as the age of implant increases. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of peri-implantitis was 26% in the HIV-positive patients population. No correlation was found between patients' immunological and serological factors and peri-implantitis. The most important risk factor for peri-implantitis and mucositis was implant age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Casula
- Oral Surgery Resident, Department of Dentistry, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Poli
- BioEngineering, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Clemente
- Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Capparé
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico F Gherlone
- Department of Dentistry, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gunpinar S, Meraci B. Periodontal health education session can improve oral hygiene in patients with gingivitis: A masked randomized controlled clinical study. J Periodontol 2021; 93:218-228. [PMID: 34048073 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of a periodontal health education session (PHES), which included education on the pathogenesis and consequences of periodontal diseases on oral hygiene motivation in patients with gingivitis. METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 50 (26 females and 24 males) patients with gingivitis who underwent periodontal treatment. Subjects were randomly allocated into the PHES group (experimental group) and standard oral hygiene education group (control group). The Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) and Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) were used to evaluate oral hygiene at baseline and were repeated after 1, 3, and 6 months. Knowledge about periodontal disease was measured and the participants' motivation was determined using the Oral Hygiene Motivation Scale. RESULTS Although baseline knowledge levels and motivation scores were not different between the groups, following the educational motivational interviewing (MI) session, levels were higher in the experimental compared with the control group. The subjects' RMNPI and PBI scores at the 1-, 3-, and 6- month re-examinations were statistically higher in the control group than the experimental group. Furthermore, the level of knowledge and intrinsic and total motivation scores were moderately positively correlated with a reduction in clinical indices at 6 months compared with baseline. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicated that increased knowledge and awareness about periodontal diseases and its consequences, including systemic effects, via educational MI session increased intrinsic motivation and improved oral hygiene of patients with gingivitis, especially regarding interproximal surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadiye Gunpinar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Bilge Meraci
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fatima Del Carmen AD, Aída BYS, Javier DLFH. Risk Indicators of Tooth Loss Among Mexican Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int Dent J 2021; 71:414-419. [PMID: 33642043 PMCID: PMC9275087 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the factors associated with tooth loss in an adult population in Guanajuato, Mexico. Methods This cross-sectional study included individuals enrolled in a community program (2014-2016). Data were gathered through closed-ended questions about sociodemographic characteristics such as sex, age, and schooling. Oral hygiene practices, self-perceived oral health, dental visits during the last 12 months, smoking habits, and diabetes status of the participants were also recorded. A clinical evaluation was performed for each person to register decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF-t). Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and negative binomial models were used to identify variables associated with the number of missing teeth. Results A total of 1640 persons were included in the study. The mean age was 41.6 (±15.4) years; 63.6% were female; and 52.7% had at least 1 missing tooth, with a mean of 2.9 (+4.6) missing teeth. The mean number of missing teeth increased by 5% per year relative to age. Females (relative ratio [RR] = 1.40), smokers (RR = 1.56), people with diabetes who smoke (RR = 3.62), and people who rated their oral health as fair or poor (RR = 1.2) had higher mean values of missing teeth. In contrast, individuals who achieved a high school degree (or above) (RR = 0.81), practiced daily toothbrushing (RR = 0.63), or practiced regular toothbrushing and flossing (RR = 0.65) had fewer missing teeth. Conclusions More than half of the population has at least 1 missing tooth. The number of missing teeth is higher in individuals with diabetes and unhealthy habits such as smoking. Good oral hygiene practices play an essential role in preventing tooth loss.
Collapse
|
27
|
Tan CXW, Brand HS, Kalender B, De Boer NKH, Forouzanfar T, de Visscher JGAM. Dental and periodontal disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5273-5280. [PMID: 33619633 PMCID: PMC8370899 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Although bowel symptoms are often predominant, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients can have several oral manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) compared to an age and gender-matched control group of patients without IBD. Material and methods The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) scores and the DPSI (Dutch Periodontal Screening Index) of 229 IBD patients were retrieved from the electronic health record patient database axiUm at the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) and were compared to the DMFT scores and DPSI from age and gender-matched non-IBD patients from the same database. Results The total DMFT index was significantly higher in the IBD group compared to the control group. When CD and UC were analyzed separately, a statistically significant increased DMFT index was observed in CD patients but not in UC patients. The DPSI did not differ significantly between the IBD and non-IBD groups for each of the sextants. However, in every sextant, IBD patients were more frequently edentulous compared to the control patients. Conclusion CD patients have significantly more dental health problems compared to a control group. Periodontal disease did not differ significantly between IBD and non-IBD groups as determined by the DPSI. Clinical relevance It is important that IBD patients and physicians are instructed about the correlation between their disease and oral health problems. Strict oral hygiene and preventive dental care such as more frequent checkups should be emphasized by dental clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher X W Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Henk S Brand
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bilgin Kalender
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nanne K H De Boer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, VU University, AGEM Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tymour Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G A M de Visscher
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Goel K, Sharma S, Baral DD, Agrawal SK. Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use amongst adult population of Sunsari district, in Nepal. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:66. [PMID: 33579264 PMCID: PMC7881591 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco products are considered significant, but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors amongst the adult population of Sunsari district in eastern Nepal. METHODS A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 adults were interviewed with a set of a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition provided by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis. RESULTS The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45-65 years (AOR = 7.58, 95% CI 3.93-14.61), plaque accumulation (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02), smoking (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.36-7.27), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.12-4.61) and teeth loss (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.21-3.38) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis. CONCLUSION The prevalence of periodontitis is high in the surveyed rural adult population. Cigarette smoking along with the use of smokeless tobacco in the form of khaini were identified as significant factors associated with periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Goel
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, College of Dental Surgery, B.P Koirala Institute of Health and Sciences, Dharan, 56700, Nepal.
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, College of Dental Surgery, B.P Koirala Institute of Health and Sciences, Dharan, 56700, Nepal
| | - D D Baral
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P Koirala Institute of Health and Sciences, Dharan, 56700, Nepal
| | - S K Agrawal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, College of Dental Surgery, B.P Koirala Institute of Health and Sciences, Dharan, 56700, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park SY, Kim YG, Suh JY, Lee DH, Lee JM. Long-term outcomes of adjacent and antagonistic teeth after implant restoration: a focus on patient-related factors. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 51:135-143. [PMID: 33913636 PMCID: PMC8090793 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2005100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate factors affecting the antagonistic and adjacent teeth in patients after implant restoration and prosthetic rehabilitation. Methods In total, 160 patients who visited Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital for implant surgery, prosthesis placement, and supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) were included in this study. The average follow-up period was 88.06 months, and the maximum was 175 months. Patients’ history of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis was investigated, and panoramic radiographs were taken after surgery and prosthetic treatment. During the follow-up period, extraction and prosthetic/endodontic treatments of the antagonistic and adjacent teeth were analyzed. The statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results Treatment was performed on 29.4% of the studied antagonistic teeth with extraction performed in 20.0% and prosthetic treatment in 10.0%. Furthermore, 19.4% of the studied adjacent teeth underwent treatment, of which extraction was performed in 12.5% and prosthetic treatment in 7.5%. The treatment rate for adjacent teeth was 25.3% in smokers, which was higher than that of non-smokers (12.3%) (P=0.039). Patients who were non-adherent to SPT showed a significantly higher rate (19.6%) of antagonistic prosthetic treatment than did those who were adherent (5.5%) (P=0.006). Conclusions Implant restoration can affect the adjacent and antagonistic teeth. Smoking, osteoporosis history, and absence of SPT may be risk factors for the treatment of the adjacent and antagonistic teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Park
- Department of Periodontology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jo Young Suh
- Department of Periodontology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Mok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Microbial Analysis of Saliva to Identify Oral Diseases Using a Point-of-Care Compatible qPCR Assay. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092945. [PMID: 32933084 PMCID: PMC7565348 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health is maintained by a healthy microbiome, which can be monitored by state-of-the art diagnostics. Therefore, this study evaluated the presence and quantity of ten oral disease-associated taxa (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, F. nucleatum, C. rectus, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans, S. mutans, S. sobrinus, oral associated Lactobacilli) in saliva and their clinical status association in 214 individuals. Upon clinical examination, study subjects were grouped into healthy, caries and periodontitis and their saliva was collected. A highly specific point-of-care compatible dual color qPCR assay was developed and used to study the above-mentioned bacteria of interest in the collected saliva. Assay performance was compared to a commercially available microbial reference test. Eight out of ten taxa that were investigated during this study were strong discriminators between the periodontitis and healthy groups: C. rectus, T. forsythia, P. gingivalis, S. mutans, F. nucleatum, T. denticola, P. intermedia and oral Lactobacilli (p < 0.05). Significant differentiation between the periodontitis and caries group microbiome was only shown for S. mutans (p < 0.05). A clear distinction between oral health and disease was enabled by the analysis of quantitative qPCR data of target taxa levels in saliva.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yavnai N, Mazor S, Vered Y, Shavit I, Zini A. Caries prevalence among 18 years old, an epidemiological survey in Israel. Isr J Health Policy Res 2020; 9:45. [PMID: 32867853 PMCID: PMC7457478 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-020-00402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of evidence on caries prevalence among 18 years old Israeli young adults with only a scarce evidence regarding this index age group. In the last few years dental care policy in Israel underwent substantial changes and a major reform in dental services was led by the Israeli Ministry of Health, including coverage of dental care for children by the state. In addition, a cessation of community water fluoridation was in a debate. The objective of the current study was to describe prevalence of caries among 18 years old Israeli young adults and to evaluate possible associations with personal and demographic variables. METHODS The study was a cross sectional clustered survey. Participants were recruited to the study at their first day of military service. Participants completed a questionnaire for personal and demographic data, including: age, country of birth, education, and current smoking status. Then participants underwent clinical evaluation included DMFT and caries free rates. No radiographic evaluation was included in the current study. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS A total of 702 participants were included in the study, 58.4% were males. Their mean age was 19.03 ± 0.65 years, 91.3% of the participants were born in Israel. Mean DMFT was 1.95 ± 2.67, and 46.7% (n = 328) were caries free. Higher DMFT score was significantly associated with participant's parents' education, country of birth, and smoking status. Lower caries free rates were significantly associated with participant's parents' education, and smoking status. After linear regression for total DMFT, all variables were significant predictors to higher DMFT, except father's education, while logistic regression for caries free, only mother's education was found to be a significant predictor. CONCLUSIONS The current study presents encouraging low DMFT levels. Participants in this study were not included in the dental care services reform, and did enjoy the benefits of water fluoridation, enabling the results to play an important baseline data for future reference. Additionally, results should be considered when planning intervention programs for at risk groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier No. NCT02958891 , November 8th, 2016) and was approved by the IDF Institutional Review Board (#1524-2015).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Yavnai
- IDF Medical Corps Headquarters, Military Post #02149, IDF, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Sigal Mazor
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Vered
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Idan Shavit
- IDF Medical Corps Headquarters, Military Post #02149, IDF, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Avraham Zini
- Vice Dean and the Department of Community Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zeng L, Peng Y, Xu T, Wen J, Wan L, Ou X, Zhou X. Dental caries and associated factors among adolescents aged 12 to 15 in Jiangxi Province, China. J Public Health Dent 2020; 80:217-226. [PMID: 33405262 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this survey was to examine the association of general characteristics, oral health knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and dental caries status among adolescents in Jiangxi Province and to provide a basis for future prevention of dental caries among middle school students. METHODS A total of 8,160 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years were invited to participate in this survey by a stratified random cluster sampling method from 30 schools in five counties in Jiangxi Province. A self-administered questionnaire was used to understand their basic characteristics, including oral health behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes. Chi-square tests were used to compare dental caries status and general characteristics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to study the effects of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior on dental caries. RESULTS The prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth was 25.8 percent, and the mean DMFT score of 12- to 15-year-old adolescents was 0.48 ± 1.04. The prevalence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (P < 0.001). The prevalence was higher in girls than in boys (P < 0.001). No significant age differences were observed (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of dental caries. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the variables associated with dental caries were tooth brushing frequency, use of toothpaste, frequency of sugary milk intake, smoking, and oral health attitudes. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that adolescent oral health behaviors and attitudes were associated with dental caries. It is important to implement targeted oral disease prevention and control measures among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zeng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yijing Peng
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Titi Xu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianqiong Wen
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Wan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ou
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University & Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Erbil D, Nazaroglu K, Baser U, İssever H, Mese S, İsik AG. Clinical and Immunological Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2020; 38:316-322. [PMID: 32427555 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and immunological results of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with or without the erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. Background data: As lasers have begun to be used in dentistry, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser has started to attract attention in the field of periodontology. Materials and methods: Fifty-nine nonsmoking patients with advanced chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated to a test group (full-mouth ultrasonic supra- and subgingival debridement+Er,Cr:YSGG laser application) and a control group (full-mouth ultrasonic supra- and subgingival debridement+root planing with Gracey curettes). The laser parameters were set as follows: 1.5 W output power, pulse mode H (pulse duration of 140 μs), pulse frequency of 20 Hz, and an air-water spray ratio of 10% air and 15% water. The instrumentation was performed until the operator felt that the root surfaces were adequately debrided. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and MMP-8/TIMP-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively. Results: There were statistically significant differences in PD, which was our primary outcome, and BOP between the groups at both examinations [p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 (for PD) and p = 0.048 and p < 0.001 (for BOP), respectively], in favor of the laser group. However, there were no significant differences among groups at any time for CAL gain (p = 563 and p = 369, respectively). No significant differences in MMP-8, TIMP-1, and MMP-8/TIMP-1 levels were detected among groups. There was a statistically significant difference for IL-1β levels among groups at 3-month evaluations in favor of the laser group. Conclusions: Using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser instead of hand instruments in nonsurgical periodontal treatment has shown additional improvements in terms of pocket reduction and gingival bleeding compared with traditional nonsurgical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Erbil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ulku Baser
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halim İssever
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevim Mese
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen G İsik
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Treatment with Dental Implants with Acid Etched Surface. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071553. [PMID: 32230917 PMCID: PMC7177283 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Implant dentistry constitutes a therapeutic modality in the prosthodontic treatment of partially and totally edentulous patients. This study reports a long-term evaluation of treatment by the early loading of acid-etched surface implants. Forty-eight partially and totally edentulous patients were treated with 169 TSA Defcon® acid-etched surface implants for prosthodontic rehabilitation. Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period of 6–8 weeks in mandible and maxilla, respectively. Implant and prosthodontic clinical findings were followed during at least 17 years. Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 92.9%, demonstrating that acid-etched surface achieves and maintains successful osseointegration. Five implants in three patients were lost during the healing period. Sixty-five prostheses were placed in 45 patients over the remaining 164 implants, 30 single crowns, 21 partially fixed bridges, 9 overdentures, and 5 full-arch fixed rehabilitations. A total of 12 implants were lost during the follow-up period. Mean marginal bone loss was 1.91 ± 1.24 mm, ranging from 1.1 to 3.6 mm. The most frequent complication was prosthetic technical complications (14.2%), followed by peri-implantitis (10.6%). The mean follow-up was of 214.4 months (208–228 months). Prosthodontic rehabilitation with an early-loading protocol over acid-etched surface implants is a successful implant treatment.
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang G, Chen L, Gao Y, Liu H, Dong H, Mou Y. Risk factors and reoperative survival rate of failed narrow‐diameter implants in the maxillary anterior region. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 22:29-41. [PMID: 31797552 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Ying Gao
- The 461 Clinical Department of the 964 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Changchun Jilin China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Borgnakke WS. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Diabetes and oral health - A two-way relationship of clinical importance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 157:107839. [PMID: 31520714 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The current scientific evidence for the bi-directional associations between oral health and diabetes is summarized. The universal biologic mechanisms and demographic and behavioral risk drivers underlying these associations in both directions are also described. Dysglycemia, even slightly elevated blood sugar levels, adversely affects oral health, manifesting itself in several oral diseases and conditions. In the opposite direction, any oral infection with its subsequent local and systemic inflammatory responses adversely affects blood glucose levels. Moreover, painful, mobile, or missing teeth may lead to intake of soft food items representing a sub-optimal diet and hence poor nutrition, and thereby contribute to incident type 2 diabetes or to poorer glucose control in existing diabetes. Treatment of inflammation related oral conditions, such as non-surgical periodontal treatment and extraction of infected teeth, can lead to a clinically significant decrease in blood glucose levels. Attention to infectious oral diseases and referral to dental care professionals for treatment can therefore be an important novel tool for medical care professionals in preventing and managing diabetes mellitus. Dental professionals can detect unrecognized potential dysglycemia and refer for medical examination. Such interprofessional, patient centered care may contribute to improved health, wellbeing, and quality of life in people with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenche S Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Avenue Rm# 3060, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Botelho J, Machado V, Proença L, Alves R, Cavacas MA, Amaro L, Mendes JJ. Study of Periodontal Health in Almada-Seixal (SoPHiAS): a cross-sectional study in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15538. [PMID: 31664143 PMCID: PMC6820786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the prevalence and extent of periodontal diseases among adults in the southern region of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. This population-based cross-sectional study included 1,064 randomized participants (aged 18 to 95 years, 617 females/447 males). Sociodemographic, behaviours and medical information were recorded. Periodontal conditions were assessed with a full-mouth circumferential periodontal examination. It was used the American Association of Periodontology/European Federation of Periodontology 2017 case definitions. A logistic regression analysis was applied to ascertain hypothetical risk factors towards periodontitis. The prevalence of periodontitis was 59.9%, with 24.0% and 22.2% of the participants exhibiting severe and moderate periodontitis, respectively. The risk of periodontitis significantly increased with age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.04-1.06), for active and former smokers (OR = 3.76 and OR = 2.11, respectively), with lower education levels (OR = 2.08, OR = 1.86, for middle and elementary education, respectively) and with diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.53). This study confirms a high burden of periodontitis in the target (Portuguese) sub-population. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding that will empower appropriate national public oral health programmes and population-based preventive actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research Unit (MQIS), CiiEM, Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Alzira Cavacas
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luís Amaro
- Health Centers grouping (HCG) Almada-Seixal, Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley (RHALTV), Lisbon, Portugal
- Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, CRL, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu XB, Gao ZY, Sun CT, Wen H, Gao B, Li SB, Tong Q. The potential role of P.gingivalis in gastrointestinal cancer: a mini review. Infect Agent Cancer 2019; 14:23. [PMID: 31516546 PMCID: PMC6734237 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-019-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection may be involved in the entire process of tissue carcinogenesis by directly or indirectly affecting the occurrence and development of tumors. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) is an important pathogen causing periodontitis. Periodontitis may promote the occurrence of various tumors. Gastrointestinal tumors are common malignant tumors with high morbidity, high mortality, and low early diagnosis rate. With the rapid development of molecularbiotechnology, the role of P.gingivalis in digestive tract tumors has been increasingly explored. This article reviews the correlation between P.gingivalis and gastrointestinal cancer and the pathogenesis of the latter. The relationship among P.gingivalis, periodontal disease, and digestive tract tumors must be clarifiedthrough a multi-center, prospective, large-scale study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 south renmin road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ye Gao
- Department of Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 Hubei China
| | - Chuan-Tao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 south renmin road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 south renmin road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 Hubei China
| | - Sheng-Bao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 south renmin road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 south renmin road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nobre MDA, Salvado F, Nogueira P, Rocha E, Ilg P, Maló P. A Prognostic Model for the Outcome of Nobel Biocare Dental Implants with Peri-Implant Disease after One Year. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091352. [PMID: 31480537 PMCID: PMC6780417 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This investigation, based on a 1-year retrospective cohort study, aimed to estimate and validate a prognostic model for ailing and failing implants due to peri-implant disease. Methods: A total of 240 patients (male: 97; female: 143; average age of 57.3 years) with at least one ailing or failing implant were included: 120 patients for model derivation and 120 patients for model validation. The primary outcome measure was the implant status: success, defined as the arrest of the disease, or failure defined as implant extraction, prevalence or re-incidence of peri-implant disease). Potential prognostic risk indicators were collected at the baseline evaluation. The relative risk (RR) was estimated for the predictors through logistic regression and the c-statistic (95% confidence interval) was calculated for both derivation and validation sets. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The risk model retrieved the prognostic factors age (RR = 1.04), history of Periodontitis (RR = 3.13), severe peri-implant disease status (RR = 3.26), implant length (RR = 3.52), early disease development (RR = 3.99), with good discrimination in both the derivation set (0.763 [0.679; 0.847]) and validation set (0.709 [0.616; 0.803]). Conclusions: A prognostic risk model for estimating the outcome of implants with peri-implant disease is available, with a good performance considering the c-statistic evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel de Araújo Nobre
- University Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Research and Development Department, Maló Clinic, 1600-042 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Francisco Salvado
- University Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Nogueira
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Evangelista Rocha
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Ilg
- Oromaxillofacial Surgery, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Maló
- Implantology Department, Maló Clinic, 1600-042 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Papi P, Di Murro B, Pranno N, Bisogni V, Saracino V, Letizia C, Polimeni A, Pompa G. Prevalence of peri‐implant diseases among an Italian population of patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross‐sectional study. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1374-1382. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Papi
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial Sciences“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Bianca Di Murro
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial Sciences“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Nicola Pranno
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial Sciences“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Valeria Bisogni
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Vincenza Saracino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Claudio Letizia
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial Sciences“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Giorgio Pompa
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial Sciences“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Di Murro B, Papi P, Letizia C, Pompa G. The prevalence of peri-implant diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome: a case-control study on an Italian population sample. MINERVA STOMATOLOGICA 2019; 68:143-149. [PMID: 31357847 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4970.19.04243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation of peri-implantitis with systemic diseases is still highly debated and controversial in literature. The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible association between peri-implant diseases and metabolic syndrome. METHODS In this case-control study, subjects healthy or affected by metabolic syndrome, with at least one dental implant with >5 years of functional loading were screened to detect peri-implant health or diseases. A complete full mouth periodontal and peri-implant examination at six sites was performed for each implant and standardized periapical X-ray were taken to evaluate marginal bone loss. Diagnostic Criteria of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions were applied. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare means of recorded variables between the two groups, with a P<0.05 value considered statistically significant. Sub-group analysis was performed for smoking (smokers vs. non-smokers), sex (males vs. females), implant site (maxillary vs. mandible) and type of prostheses (single crown vs. bridge). RESULTS Forty-one patients were enrolled, divided into two groups, for a total of 132 dental implants: 71 in the metabolic syndrome group and 61 in the control group. The overall prevalence of peri-implant diseases (peri-implantitis + mucositis) in the two groups was, respectively, 93% vs. 63%, with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.4462 (95% CI: 2.6092; 21.2496) for the metabolic syndrome group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Despite the limited sample, our results showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of peri-implant diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome compared to healthy patients. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Di Murro
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Papi
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy -
| | - Claudio Letizia
- Unit of Secondary Hypertension, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pompa
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chemotherapy alters subjective senses of taste and smell but not dietary patterns in Japanese lung cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:1667-1674. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
43
|
Sung CE, Huang RY, Cheng WC, Kao TW, Chen WL. Association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment: Analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) III. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:790-798. [PMID: 31152592 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis has been hypothesized as being one of the most common potential risk factors for the development of dementia and cognitive impairment. In order to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and cognition impairment, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database was analysed after adjusting for potential confounding factors, including age and other systemic co-morbidities. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 4,663 participants aged 20-59 years who had received full-mouth periodontal examination and undergone the cognitive functional test were enrolled. The grade of periodontal disease was categorized into severe, moderate, and mild. Cognitive function examinations, including the simple reaction time test (SRTT), symbol digit substitution test (SDST), and serial digit learning test (SDLT), were adopted for the evaluation of cognitive impairment. RESULTS The subjects with mild and moderate to severe periodontitis had higher SDLT and SDST scores, which indicated decreased cognitive function, compared with the healthy group. After adjusting for demographic factors, education, smoking, cardiovascular diseases, and laboratory data, periodontitis was significantly correlated with elevated SDST and SDLT scores (p values for trend = 0.014 and 0.038, respectively) by generalized linear regression models. CONCLUSION Our study highlighted that periodontal status was associated with cognitive impairment in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-En Sung
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ren-Yeong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Chien Cheng
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wu J, Li M, Huang R. The effect of smoking on caries-related microorganisms. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:32. [PMID: 31516475 PMCID: PMC6662784 DOI: 10.18332/tid/105913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies have shown a close relationship between smoking and dental caries. Bacteria are one of the essential factors of caries formation. The imbalance of cariogenic bacteria and commensal bacteria in dental plaque results in higher production of acid that can corrode dental hard tissue. The aim of our review is to summarize the effect of smoking on caries-related bacteria. METHODS English articles available in Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases and published before December 2018 were searched. A variety of evidence was collected including not only the influence of cigarette products on bacteria strains in vitro but also their effect on bacterial composition in saliva and dental plaque in vivo. We particularly emphasize the mechanisms by which nicotine acts on oral bacteria. RESULTS The components of cigarettes promote the growth of cariogenic microorganisms. The mechanisms of how nicotine enhances Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli, Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces and Candida albicans are described separately in detail. The commensal bacteria, Streptococcus sanguinis, show less competitive capability in the presence of nicotine. Smoking influences saliva by lowering the buffer capability, altering its chemical agent and bacterial components, and therefore promotes the formation of a caries-susceptible environment. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking and nicotine exposure promote the cariogenic activity of oral microorganisms and the formation of a caries-susceptible environment. This suggests that smokers should quit smoking, amongst other health reasons, also for their oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wu
- Department of Endodontic Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Maló P, de Araújo Nobre M, Lopes A, Ferro A, Botto J. The All-on-4 treatment concept for the rehabilitation of the completely edentulous mandible: A longitudinal study with 10 to 18 years of follow-up. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:565-577. [PMID: 30924309 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for studies evaluating the long term outcomes of the All-on-4 treatment concept. PURPOSE To evaluate the long term clinical and radiographic outcomes of the All-on-4 treatment concept in the mandible. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective longitudinal case series study included 471 patients (women: 286, men: 185, average age = 57.7 years) rehabilitated with 1884 implants in immediate function supporting 471 fixed full-arch mandibular prostheses and followed for 10 to 18 years. Primary outcome measures were prosthetic survival and implant success and survival (estimated using life tables). Secondary outcome measures were marginal bone loss (MBL) at 10 and 15 years, biological and mechanical complications. Multivariable analysis was used to estimate potential risk indicators for implant failure (Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)), MBL > 3 mm at 10 and 15 years, biological and mechanical complications (binary logistic regression to estimate odds ratios [ORs] with 95%CI). RESULTS Twenty-seven patients deceased (5.7%) and 149 patients (31.6%) were lost to follow-up. The cumulative prosthetic survival rate was 98.8%; the implant cumulative survival and success rate was 93% and 91.7%, respectively up to 18 years of follow-up. Previous biological complications (HR = 4.43) were significantly associated with implant failure. Average (95% CI) MBL at 10- and 15-years were 1.72 mm (95%CI: 1.59, 1.85) and 2.32 mm (95% CI: 1.98, 2.66). Smoking (OR = 2.72), previous failure of a contiguous implant (OR = 3.89) and biological complication (OR = 8.11) were associated with MBL > 3 mm. The incidence of biological complications was 11.8% at implant level, with previous failure of a contiguous implant (OR = 5.56), smoking (OR = 1.75), and systemic condition (OR = 1.65) were significantly associated. The incidence of mechanical complications was 36.7% with male gender (OR = 1.67) and type of prosthetic material used in the restoration significantly associated (metal-acrylic OR = 0.30; metal-ceramic OR = 0.22)). CONCLUSIONS Considering the implant, prosthetic and MBL outcomes it is concluded that the All-on-4 is a viable treatment option validated in the long term. Nevertheless, biological and mechanical complications can occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Maló
- Surgeon, Oral Surgery Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Armando Lopes
- Surgeon, Oral Surgery Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferro
- Surgeon, Oral Surgery Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Botto
- Surgeon, Oral Surgery Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Diabetes: Oral Health Related Quality of Life and Oral Alterations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5907195. [PMID: 31011577 PMCID: PMC6442307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5907195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives About 5% of the world's population is affected by diabetes; these patients must be further treated during medical and surgical treatments. These patients, due to the glycemic conditions, realize during their life multiorgan changes, in different body districts. Moreover, this condition obliges them to undertake hypoglycemic therapies. Diabetes is a risk factor for many diseases, including those concerning the oral district with immunological implications. Materials and Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines accessing the NCBI PubMed database. Authors conducted the search of articles in English language. The results of the last 10 years have been considered, which present useful information regarding the oral conditions. A total of 17 relevant studies were included in the review. The study evaluated only papers with specific inclusion criteria regarding oral health. The works initially taken into consideration were 782; subsequently applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 42 works. After a careful analysis of the work obtained by two academics who have worked separately, there have been 17 studies. All data from the studies were compared and many of these confirmed alteration in the oral district. Results The studies taken into consideration evaluated different factors, such as OHRQoL, QoL, and oral alterations, involving soft tissue, dental structures, and postrehabilitative complications, as well as immunological alterations. Conclusions We can affirm, in conclusion, that this study has brought to light those that are complications due to diabetic pathology, from different points of view. The psychological and psychosocial alterations, certainly present in these patients, are probably due to local and systemic alterations; this is confirmed by the correlation between oral health and quality of life reported by the patients.
Collapse
|
47
|
Adult Patient Risk Stratification Using a Risk Score for Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030307. [PMID: 30841500 PMCID: PMC6463020 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a need for analytical tools predicting the risk of periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to estimate and evaluate a risk score for prediction of periodontitis. Materials and methods: This case-cohort study included a random sample of 155 cases (with periodontitis) and 175 controls (randomly sampled from the study population at baseline) that were followed for 3-year. A logistic regression model was used with estimation of the risk ratio (RR) for each potential predictor. Results: The risk model included the predictors “age > 53 years” (RR = 0.53), “smoking” (RR = 2.9), “gingivitis at baseline” (RR = 3.1), “subgingival calculus at baseline” (RR = 1.9), “history of periodontitis” (RR = 2.3), and “less than 2 observations in the first year of follow-up” (RR = 3.7). Patients were distributed into three risk groups based on the preanalysis risk: low risk, moderate risk, and high risk. The risk score discrimination (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 0.75 (0.70; 0.80) (p < 0.001, C-statistic). Conclusions: The risk score estimated in the present study enabled to identify patients at higher risk of experiencing periodontitis and may be considered a useful tool for both clinicians and patients.
Collapse
|
48
|
Nobre MDA, Sezinando A, Fernandes I, Maló P. Risk Score to Predict Dental Caries in Adult Patients for Use in the Clinical Setting. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E203. [PMID: 30736404 PMCID: PMC6406458 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for risk prediction tools in caries research. This investigation aimed to estimate and evaluate a risk score for prediction of dental caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-cohort study included a random sample of 177 cases (with dental caries) and 220 controls (randomly sampled from the study population at baseline), followed for 3 years. The risk ratio (RR) for each potential predictor was estimated using a logistic regression model. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS The risk model for dental caries included the predictors: "presence of bacterial plaque/calculus" (RR = 4.1), "restorations with more than 5 years" (RR = 2.3), ">8 teeth restored" (RR = 2.0), "history/active periodontitis" (RR = 1.7) and "presence of systemic condition" (RR = 1.4). The risk model discrimination (95% confidence interval) was 0.78 (0.73; 0.82) (p < 0.001, C-statistic). Patients were distributed into three risk groups based on the pre-analysis risk (54%): low risk ( CONCLUSIONS The present study estimated a simple risk score for prediction of dental caries retrieved from a risk algorithm with good discrimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Sezinando
- Dentistry Department, Maló Clinic, 4100-130 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Fernandes
- Dentistry Department, Maló Clinic, 1600-042 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Maló
- Clinical Director, Maló Clinic, 1600-042 Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Signori C, Laske M, Bronkhorst EM, Huysmans MCDNJM, Cenci MS, Opdam NJM. Impact of individual-risk factors on caries treatment performed by general dental practitioners. J Dent 2019; 81:85-90. [PMID: 30615918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective study investigated how individual patient risk factors impacted non-operative and operative treatment decisions in a dental practice-based research network in The Netherlands. METHODS Data from were collected from 11 dental practices, whose patients visited the practice at least once during the observation period (January 2015 to September 2017). Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The records of 39,690 patients were analyzed. Approximately one-half of the population (n = 21,056) underwent a restoration procedure during the observation period, of which 5981 (28.4%) were classified with fair oral hygiene, and 5341 (25.4%) with a high risk for caries. The population without restorative intervention (n = 18,634) consisted mainly of patients with good oral health (n = 5132 [27.5%]) and low risk for caries (n = 7792 [41.8%]). A high risk for caries was associated with a greater chance of preventive instruction (odds ratio [OR] 1.60), applications of topical fluoride (OR 1.20) or sealants (OR 1.39), and restorative interventions (OR 5.72). There was wide variation among practices regarding the treatment provided. CONCLUSION Of the 11 general dental practices that participated in this study, there was a higher chance of patients with a high risk for caries to receive preventive instructions, and professionally applied topical fluoride and sealants in the majority of practices promoting a personalized treatment approach to patients with caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE A more personalized treatment approach for patients with caries was associated with a higher prevalence of high caries risk patients in the majority of practices. More studies, however, are needed to investigate whether general dental practitioners consider the assessment of individual patient risk factors in planning personalized treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cácia Signori
- Federal University of Pelotas, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Gonçalves Chaves, 457, 5th Floor, Pelotas, RS, 96015560, Brazil; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mark Laske
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ewald M Bronkhorst
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maximiliano S Cenci
- Federal University of Pelotas, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Gonçalves Chaves, 457, 5th Floor, Pelotas, RS, 96015560, Brazil
| | - Niek J M Opdam
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Badel T, Savić Pavičin I, Bašić K, Kes VB. SOCIOECONOMIC INFLUENCE OF TOBACCO USE AND DENTAL CARIES EXPERIENCE IN DIFFERENT MALE CROATIAN POPULATIONS. Acta Clin Croat 2018; 57:510-517. [PMID: 31168185 PMCID: PMC6536275 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2018.57.03.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY – The purpose was to evaluate dental caries experience in different male subpopulations of Croatian Army recruits and dental students, and subsequently, smoking habits related to the level of education and place of residence. Croatian army recruits (n=248; mean age 20.2) and male dental students (n=56; mean age 21.5) were evaluated according to DMFT and FST indices, divided according to age and place of residence, and interviewed about their dietary habits and smoking of tobacco. In the subpopulation of recruits, the median value of DMFT was 6 and of FST index 25. A statistically significant difference was recorded between DT and FST index (p<0.05) according to dietary role of carbohydrates reflected in caries development. The number of recruits with finished elementary school coming from a rural area who smoked (in total 57.66% of smokers) was significantly larger (p=0.0041). In dental students, the median value of DMFT was 5, with statistical significance in comparison with recruits (p=0.03). There was a difference in FST index (median 28) (p<0.0001). Students were mostly nonsmokers (71.43%) and had urban residence (p<0.0001). FST index was a more specific indicator in the socioeconomically heterogeneous sample of recruits (more subjects coming from rural areas and with a lower level of education) than in the sample of dental students (more subjects coming from urban areas).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Badel
- 1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Dental Anthropology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Savić Pavičin
- 1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Dental Anthropology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Bašić
- 1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Dental Anthropology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vanja Bašić Kes
- 1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Dental Anthropology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|