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Tran HT, Binh QA, Van Tung T, Pham DT, Hoang HG, Hai Nguyen NS, Xie S, Zhang T, Mukherjee S, Bolan NS. A critical review on characterization, human health risk assessment and mitigation of malodorous gaseous emission during the composting process. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124115. [PMID: 38718963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Composting has emerged as a suitable method to convert or transform organic waste including manure, green waste, and food waste into valuable products with several advantages, such as high efficiency, cost feasibility, and being environmentally friendly. However, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly malodorous gases, are the major concern and challenges to overcome in facilitating composting. Ammonia (NH3) and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and methyl mercaptan (CH4S), primarily contributed to the malodorous gases emission during the entire composting process due to their low olfactory threshold. These compounds are mainly emitted at the thermophilic phase, accounting for over 70% of total gas emissions during the whole process, whereas methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are commonly detected during the mesophilic and cooling phases. Therefore, the human health risk assessment of malodorous gases using various indexes such as ECi (maximum exposure concentration for an individual volatile compound EC), HR (non-carcinogenic risk), and CR (carcinogenic risk) has been evaluated and discussed. Also, several strategies such as maintaining optimal operating conditions, and adding bulking agents and additives (e.g., biochar and zeolite) to reduce malodorous emissions have been pointed out and highlighted. Biochar has specific adsorption properties such as high surface area and high porosity and contains various functional groups that can adsorb up to 60%-70% of malodorous gases emitted from composting. Notably, biofiltration emerged as a resilient and cost-effective technique, achieving up to 90% reduction in malodorous gases at the end-of-pipe. This study offers a comprehensive insight into the characterization of malodorous emissions during composting. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to address these issues on a larger scale and provides a promising outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu-Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Quach An Binh
- Advanced Applied Sciences Research Group, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam
| | - Tra Van Tung
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Duy Toan Pham
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Hong-Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Son Hai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Thai Nguyen, 23000, Viet Nam
| | - Shiyu Xie
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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Wani OA, Akhter F, Kumar SS, Kanth RH, Dar ZA, Babu S, Hussain N, Mahdi SS, Alataway A, Dewidar AZ, Mattar MA. Pyrolyzed and unpyrolyzed residues enhance maize yield under varying rates of application and fertilization regimes. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17513. [PMID: 38887617 PMCID: PMC11182025 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochar is increasingly gaining popularity due to its extensive recommendation as a potential solution for addressing the concerns of food security and climate change in agroecosystems, with biochar application for increased carbon sequestration, enhanced soil fertility, improved soil health, and increased crop yield and quality. There have been multiple studies on crop yield utilizing various biochar types and application amounts; however, none have focused on the influence of diverse biochar types at various pyrolysis temperatures with different application amounts and the integration of fertilizer regimes in maize crops. Therefore, a two-year factorial field experiment was designed in a temperate Himalayan region of India (THRI) to evaluate the residual effect of different biochar on maize yield under different pyrolysis temperatures, various application rates and fertilizer regimes. The study included three factors viz., amendment type (factor 1), rate of application (factor 2) and fertilizer regime (factor 3). Amendment type included 7 treatments: No biochar- control (A1), apple biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A2), apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3), apple residue biomass (A4), dal weed biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A5), dal weed biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperatures (A6), and dal weed residue biomass (A7). The rate of application included 3 levels: Low (L- 1 t ha-1), medium (M- 2 t ha-1), and high (H- 3 t ha-1). At the same time, the fertilizer regimes included 2 treatments: No fertilizer (N) and recommended dose of fertilizer (F). The results revealed that among the various amendment type, rate of application and fertilizer regimes, the A3 amendment, H rate of application and F fertilizer regime gave the best maize growth and productivity outcome. Results revealed that among the different pyrolyzed residues used, the A3 amendment had the highest plant height (293.87 cm), most kernels cob-1 (535.75), highest soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value (58.10), greatest cob length (27.36 cm), maximum cob girth (18.18 cm), highest grain cob yield (1.40 Mg ha-1), highest grain yield (4.78 Mg ha-1), higher test weight (305.42 gm), and highest stover yield (2.50 Mg ha-1). The maximum dry weight in maize and the number of cobs plant-1 were recorded with amendments A4 (14.11 Mg ha-1) and A6 (1.77), respectively. The comparatively 2nd year of biochar application than the 1st year, the H level of the rate of application than the L rate and the application and integration of the recommended dose of fertilizer in maize results in significantly higher values of growth and productivity in maize. Overall, these findings suggest that the apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3) at a high application rate with the addition of the recommended dose of fertilizer is the optimal biochar for enhancing the growth and productivity of maize in the THRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais Ali Wani
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Farida Akhter
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Shamal Shasang Kumar
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Raihana Habib Kanth
- Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Subhash Babu
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Syed Sheraz Mahdi
- Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Abed Alataway
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Z. Dewidar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Mattar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shaaban A, Hemida KA, Abd El-Mageed TA, Semida WM, AbuQamar SF, El-Saadony MT, Al-Elwany OAAI, El-Tarabily KA. Incorporation of compost and biochar enhances yield and medicinal compounds in seeds of water-stressed Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:538. [PMID: 38867179 PMCID: PMC11167906 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of compost and biochar (CB) plays an important role in soil restoration and mitigation strategies against drought stress in plants. In the current study, the impact of CB was determined on the characteristics of saline calcareous soil and the productivity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) plants. The field trials examined CB rates (CB0, CB10 and CB20 corresponding to 0, 10, and 20 t ha‒1, respectively) under deficit irrigation [DI0%, DI20%, and DI40% receiving 100, 80, and 60% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), respectively] conditions on growth, seed yield (SY), quality, and water productivity (WP) of fenugreek grown in saline calcareous soils. RESULTS In general, DI negatively affected the morpho-physio-biochemical responses in plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils. However, amendments of CB10 or CB20 improved soil structure under DI conditions. This was evidenced by the decreased pH, electrical conductivity of soil extract (ECe), and bulk density but increased organic matter, macronutrient (N, P, and K) availability, water retention, and total porosity; thus, maintaining better water and nutritional status. These soil modifications improved chlorophyll, tissue water contents, cell membrane stability, photosystem II photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic performance, and nutritional homeostasis of drought-stressed plants. This was also supported by increased osmolytes, non-enzymatic, and enzymatic activities under DI conditions. Regardless of DI regimes, SY was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved by 40.0 and 102.5% when plants were treated with CB10 and CB20, respectively, as similarly observed for seed alkaloids (87.0, and 39.1%), trigonelline content (43.8, and 16.7%) and WP (40.9, and 104.5%) over unamended control plants. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the application of organic amendments of CB can be a promising sustainable solution for improving saline calcareous soil properties, mitigating the negative effects of DI stress, and enhancing crop productivity in arid and semi-arid agro-climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shaaban
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Khaulood A Hemida
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Taia A Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Wael M Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Omar A A I Al-Elwany
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Farooqi ZUR, Qadir AA, Khalid S, Murtaza G, Ashraf MN, Shafeeq-Ur-Rahman, Javed W, Waqas MA, Xu M. Greenhouse gas emissions, carbon stocks and wheat productivity following biochar, compost and vermicompost amendments: comparison of non-saline and salt-affected soils. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7752. [PMID: 38565858 PMCID: PMC10987557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon stock is crucial for effective climate change assessment and agroecosystem management. However, little is known about the effects of organic amendments on GHG emissions and dynamic changes in carbon stocks in salt-affected soils. We conducted a pot experiment with four treatments including control (only fertilizers addition), biochar, vermicompost, and compost on non-saline and salt-affected soils, with the application on a carbon equivalent basis under wheat crop production. Our results revealed that the addition of vermicompost significantly increased soil organic carbon content by 18% in non-saline soil and 52% in salt-affected soil compared to the control leading to improvements in crop productivity i.e., plant dry biomass production by 57% in non-saline soil with vermicompost, while 56% with the same treatment in salt-affected soil. The grain yield was also noted 44 and 50% more with vermicompost treatment in non-saline and salt-affected soil, respectively. Chlorophyll contents were observed maximum with vermicompost in non-saline (24%), and salt-affected soils (22%) with same treatments. Photosynthetic rate (47% and 53%), stomatal conductance (60% and 12%), and relative water contents (38% and 27%) were also noted maximum with the same treatment in non-saline and salt-affected soils, respectively. However, the highest carbon dioxide emissions were observed in vermicompost- and compost-treated soils, leading to an increase in emissions of 46% in non-saline soil and 74% in salt-affected soil compared to the control. The compost treatment resulted in the highest nitrous oxide emissions, with an increase of 57% in non-saline soil and 62% in salt-affected soil compared to the control. In saline and non-saline soils treated with vermicompost, the global warming potential was recorded as 267% and 81% more than the control, respectively. All treatments, except biochar in non-saline soil, showed increased net GHG emissions due to organic amendment application. However, biochar reduced net emissions by 12% in non-saline soil. The application of organic amendments increased soil organic carbon content and crop yield in both non-saline and salt-affected soils. In conclusion, biochar is most effective among all tested organic amendments at increasing soil organic carbon content in both non-saline and salt-affected soils, which could have potential benefits for soil health and crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Abdul Qadir
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Khalid
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Ashraf
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Shafeeq-Ur-Rahman
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wasim Javed
- Punjab Bioenergy Institute, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmed Waqas
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, PO BOX 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Minggang Xu
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
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Nain P, Purakayastha TJ, Sarkar B, Bhowmik A, Biswas S, Kumar S, Shukla L, Biswas DR, Bandyopadhyay KK, Agarwal BK, Saha ND. Nitrogen-enriched biochar co-compost for the amelioration of degraded tropical soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:246-261. [PMID: 36045480 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tropical soils are often deeply weathered and vulnerable to degradation having low pH and unfavorable Al/Fe levels, which can constrain crop production. This study aims to examine nitrogen-enriched novel biochar co-composts prepared from rice straw, maize stover, and gram residue in various mixing ratios of the biochar and their feedstock materials for the amelioration of acidic tropical soil. Three pristine biochar and six co-composts were prepared, characterized, and evaluated for improving the chemical and biological quality of the soil against a conventional lime treatment. The pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium carbonate equivalence (CCE) and nitrogen content of co-composts varied between 7.78-8.86, 25.3-30.5 cmol (p+) kg-1, 25.5-30.5%, and 0.81-1.05%, respectively. The co-compost prepared from gram residue biochar mixed with maize stover at a 1:7 dry-weight ratio showed the highest rise in soil pH and CEC, giving an identical performance with the lime treatment and significantly better effect (p < .05) than the unamended control. Agglomerates of calcite and dolomite in biochar co-composts, and surface functional groups contributed to pH neutralization and increased CEC of the amended soil. The co-composts also significantly (p < .05) increased the dehydrogenase (1.87 µg TPF g-1 soil h-1), β-glucosidase (90 µg PNP g-1 soil h-1), and leucine amino peptidase (3.22 µmol MUC g-1 soil h-1) enzyme activities in the soil, thereby improving the soil's biological quality. The results of this study are encouraging for small-scale farmers in tropical developing countries to sustainably reutilize crop residues via biochar-based co-composting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Nain
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - T J Purakayastha
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Arpan Bhowmik
- Division of Design of Experiments, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sunanda Biswas
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sarvendra Kumar
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Livleen Shukla
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - D R Biswas
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - K K Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - B K Agarwal
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Namita Das Saha
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Li X, Gao Y, Ning X, Li Z. Research progress and hotspots on microbial remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil: a systematic review and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118192-118212. [PMID: 37936038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial remediation technology has received much attention as a green, ecological, and inexpensive technology, and there is great potential for the application of microbial remediation technology for heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil alone and in conjunction with other technologies in environmental remediation. To gain an in-depth understanding of the latest research progress, research hotspots, and development trends on microbial remediation of HMs-contaminated soil, and to objectively reflect the scientific contributions and impacts of relevant countries/regions, institutions, and individuals of this field, in this manuscript, ISI Web of Knowledge's Web of Science™ core collection database, data visualization, and analysis software Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and HistCite Pro were used to collect and analyze the relevant literature from 2000 to 2022, and 1409 publications were subjected to scientometric analyses. It involved 327 journals, 5150 authors, 75 countries/regions, and 2740 keywords. The current progress and hotspots on microbial remediation of HMs-contaminated soil since the twenty-first century were analyzed in terms of the top 10 most productive countries (regions), high-yielding authors, source journals, important research institutions, and hotspots of research directions. Over the past 22 years, China, India, and the USA have been the countries with the most articles. The institution and author with the most publications are the Chinese Acad Sci and Zhu YG, respectively. Journal of Hazardous Materials is the most productive journal. The keywords showed 6 co-occurrence clusters. These findings revealed the research hotspots, knowledge gaps, and future exploration trends related to microbial remediation of HMs-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhong Li
- Hangzhou Institute of National Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310028, China
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Hangzhou Institute of National Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310028, China
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaolin Ning
- Hangzhou Institute of National Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310028, China
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhonghong Li
- School Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Weldon S, Rivier PA, Joner EJ, Coutris C, Budai A. Co-composting of digestate and garden waste with biochar: effect on greenhouse gas production and fertilizer value of the matured compost. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:4261-4271. [PMID: 35727051 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2089057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biogas digestate is a nitrogen (N) rich waste product that has potential for application to soil as a fertilizer. Composting of digestate is recognized as an effective step to reduce potentially negative consequences of digestate application to soils. However, the structure of the digestate and the high N content can hinder effective composting. Biochar, which can be produced through the pyrolysis of waste biomass, has shown the potential to improve compost structure and increase N retention in soils. We studied how a high-temperature wood biochar affects the composting process, including greenhouse gas emissions, and the fertilizer value of the compost product including nutrient content, leachability and plant growth. The high Biochar dose (17% w/w) had a significantly positive effect on the maximum temperature (5°C increase vs. no biochar) and appeared to improve temperature stability during composting with less variability between replicates. Biochar addition reduced cumulative N2O emission by 65-70%, but had no significant effect on CO2 and CH4 emission. Biochar did not contribute to greater retention of nitrogen (N) contained in the digestate, but had a dilution effect on both N content and mineral nutrients. Fertilization with compost enhanced plant growth and nutrient retention in soil compared to mineral fertilization (NPK), but biochar had no additional effects on these parameters. Our results show that biochar improves the composting of digestate with no subsequent negative effects on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Weldon
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Ås, Norway
| | - Pierre-Adrien Rivier
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Ås, Norway
| | - Erik J Joner
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Ås, Norway
| | - Claire Coutris
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Ås, Norway
| | - Alice Budai
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Ås, Norway
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8
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Tan M. Conversion of agricultural biomass into valuable biochar and their competence on soil fertility enrichment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116596. [PMID: 37423358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Globally several nations generates a large amount of biomass waste. Thus, this review focuses on the potential for converting plant biomass into nutritionally enriched useful biochar with promising properties. The use of biochar on farmland acts as both a soil fertility enhancer, improving both the physical as well as chemical characteristics of soil. The biochar availability in soil can retain minerals and water as well as considerably enhanced the soil fertility by their optimistic characteristics. Thus, this review also discuss about how biochar enhances the quality of agriculture soil and polluted soil. Since, the biochar derived from the plant residues might contain most valuable nutritional properties, which can enhance the physicochemical properties of soil and that can support the growth of plant along with the increased biomolecule content. Since, the healthy plantation can support the production of nutritionally enriched crop yield. Agriculture biochar amalgamated soil significantly improved soil beneficial microbial diversity. Beneficial microbial activity increased soil fertility and balanced the soil's physicochemical properties significantly. Such balanced soil physicochemical properties significantly enhanced plantation growth, as well as disease resistance and higher yield potential than any other fertiliser supplements for soil fertility and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiao Tan
- Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China; Visiting Scholar of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhou S, Jiang Z, Shen J, Yao Q, Yang X, Li X, Awasthi MK, Zhang Z. Biochar-amended compost as a promising soil amendment for enhancing plant productivity: A meta-analysis study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163067. [PMID: 36972883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochar-amended compost (BAC) on plant productivity (PP) and soil quality. The analysis was based on observations from 47 peer-reviewed publications. The results showed that BAC application significantly increased PP by 74.9 %, the total nitrogen content of soil by 37.6 %, and the organic matter content of soil by 98.6 %. Additionally, BAC application significantly decreased the bioavailability of cadmium (-58.3 %), lead (-50.1 %), and zinc (-87.3 %). However, the bioavailability of copper increased by 30.1 %. The study explored the key factors regulating the response of PP to BAC through subgroup analysis. It was found that the increase in the organic matter content of the soil was the key mechanism for PP improvement. The recommended rate of BAC application for improving PP was found to be between 10 and 20 t ha-1. Overall, the findings of this study are significant in providing data support and technical guidance for the application of BAC in agricultural production. However, the high heterogeneity of BAC application conditions, soil properties, and plant types suggests that site-specific factors should be considered when applying BAC to soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxi Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junfang Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qixing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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10
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Matheri F, Kambura AK, Mwangi M, Karanja E, Adamtey N, Wanjau K, Mwangi E, Tanga CM, Bautze D, Runo S. Evolution of fungal and non-fungal eukaryotic communities in response to thermophilic co-composting of various nitrogen-rich green feedstocks. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286320. [PMID: 37256894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic composting is a promising soil and waste management approach involving diverse micro and macro-organisms, including eukaryotes. Due to sub-optimal amounts of nutrients in manure, supplemental feedstock materials such as Lantana camara, and Tithonia diversifolia twigs are used in composting. These materials have, however, been reported to have antimicrobial activity in in-vitro experiments. Furthermore, the phytochemical analysis has shown differences in their complexities, thus possibly requiring various periods to break down. Therefore, it is necessary to understand these materials' influence on the biological and physical-chemical stability of compost. Most compost microbiome studies have been bacterial-centric, leaving out eukaryotes despite their critical role in the environment. Here, the influence of different green feedstock on the fungal and non-fungal eukaryotic community structure in a thermophilic compost environment was examined. Total community fungal and non-fungal eukaryotic DNA was recovered from triplicate compost samples of four experimental regimes. Sequencing for fungal ITS and non-fungal eukaryotes; 18S rDNA was done under the Illumina Miseq platform, and bioinformatics analysis was done using Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm version 2 workflow in R version 4.1. Samples of mixed compost and composting day 84 recorded significantly (P<0.05) higher overall fungal populations, while Lantana-based compost and composting day 84 revealed the highest fungal community diversity. Non-fungal eukaryotic richness was significantly (P< 0.05) more abundant in Tithonia-based compost and composting day 21. The most diverse non-fungal eukaryotic biome was in the Tithonia-based compost and composting day 84. Sordariomycetes and Holozoa were the most contributors to the fungal and non-fungal community interactions in the compost environment, respectively. The findings of this study unravel the inherent influence of diverse composting materials and days on the eukaryotic community structure and compost's biological and chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Matheri
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University (KU), Nairobi, Kenya
- International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Anne Kelly Kambura
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Taita Taveta University (TTU), Voi, Kenya
| | - Maina Mwangi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University (KU), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Edward Karanja
- International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Noah Adamtey
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
| | - Kennedy Wanjau
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Department Animal and Human Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Edwin Mwangi
- International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - David Bautze
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
| | - Steven Runo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University (KU), Nairobi, Kenya
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11
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Tran HT, Bolan NS, Lin C, Binh QA, Nguyen MK, Luu TA, Le VG, Pham CQ, Hoang HG, Vo DVN. Succession of biochar addition for soil amendment and contaminants remediation during co-composting: A state of art review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118191. [PMID: 37210821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper aimed to highlight the succession of biochar addition for soil amendment and contaminants remediation during composting process. Biochar incorporated into the compost mixture promotes composting performance and enhances contaminants reduction. Co-composting with biochar for soil biota has been demonstrated via modified soil biological community abundance and diversity. On the other hand, adverse alterations to soil properties were noted, which had a negative impact on the communication of microbe-to-plant interactions within the rhizosphere. As a result, these changes influenced the competition between soilborne pathogens and beneficial soil microorganisms. Co-composting with biochar promoted the heavy metals (HMs) remediation efficiency in contaminated soils by around 66-95%. Notably, applying biochar during composting could improve nutrient retention and mitigate leaching. The adsorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus compounds by biochar can be applied to manage environmental contamination and presents an excellent opportunity to enhance soil quality. Additionally, the various specific functional groups and large specific surface areas of biochar allow for excellent adsorption of persistent pollutants (e.g., pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)) and emerging organic pollutants, such as microplastic, phthalate acid esters (PAEs) during co-composting. Finally, future perspectives, research gaps, and recommendations for further studies are highlighted, and potential opportunities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu-Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Quach An Binh
- Department of Academic Affair and Testing, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, 810000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Ky Nguyen
- Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City, Hamlet 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - The Anh Luu
- Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 111000, Viet Nam
| | - Van-Giang Le
- Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 111000, Viet Nam
| | - Cham Q Pham
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam
| | - Hong-Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Medicine, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, 810000, Viet Nam
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam.
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12
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Andreola C, González-Camejo J, Tambone F, Eusebi AL, Adani F, Fatone F. Techno-economic assessment of biorefinery scenarios based on mollusc and fish residuals. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 166:294-304. [PMID: 37207590 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biorefineries aim to maximise resource recovery from organic sources that have been traditionally considered wastes. In this respect, leftovers from mollusc and seafood processing industries can be a source of multiple bioproducts such as protein hydrolysates (PH), calcium carbonate and co-composted biochar (COMBI). This study aims to evaluate different scenarios of biorefineries fed by mollusc (MW) and fish wastes (FW) to understand which is the most convenient to maximise their profitability. Results showed that the FW-based biorefinery obtained the highest revenues with respect to the amounts of waste treated, i.e., 955.1 €·t-1 and payback period (2.9 years). However, including MW in the biorefinery showed to increase total income as a higher amount of feedstock could be supplied to the system. The profitability of the biorefineries was mainly dependent on the selling price of hydrolysates (considered as 2 €·kg-1 in this study). However, it also entailed the highest operating costs (72.5-83.8% of total OPEX). This highlights the importance of producing high-quality PH in economic and sustainable way to increase the feasibility of the biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Andreola
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - J González-Camejo
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - F Tambone
- Gruppo Ricicla labs, DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - A L Eusebi
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - F Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla labs, DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - F Fatone
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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13
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Qian S, Zhou X, Fu Y, Song B, Yan H, Chen Z, Sun Q, Ye H, Qin L, Lai C. Biochar-compost as a new option for soil improvement: Application in various problem soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162024. [PMID: 36740069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the synergistic effects of biochar and compost/composting, the combined application of biochar and compost (biochar-compost) has been recognized as a highly promising and efficient method of soil improvement. However, the willingness to apply biochar-compost for soil improvement is still low compared to the use of biochar or compost alone. This paper collects data on the application of biochar-compost in several problem soils that are well-known and extensively investigated by agronomists and scientists, and summarizes the effects of biochar-compost application in common problem soils. These typical problem soils are classified based on three different characteristics: climatic zones, abiotic stresses, and contaminants. The improvement effect of biochar-compost in different soils is assessed and directions for further research and suggestions for application are made. Generally, biochar-compost mitigates the high mineralization rate of soil organic matter, phosphorus deficiency and aluminum toxicity, and significantly improves crop yields in most tropical soils. Biochar-compost can help to achieve long-term sustainable management of temperate agricultural soils by sequestering carbon and improving soil physicochemical properties. Biochar-compost has shown positive performance in the remediation of both dry and saline soils by reducing the threat of soil water scarcity or high salinity and improving the consequent deterioration of soil conditions. By combining different mechanisms of biochar and compost to immobilize or remove contaminants, biochar-compost tends to perform better than biochar or compost alone in soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) or organic pollutants (OPs). This review aims to improve the practicality and acceptability of biochar-compost and to promote its application in soil. Additionally, the prospects, challenges and future directions for the application of biochar-compost in problem soil improvement were foreseen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuerong Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huchuan Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhexin Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haoyang Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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14
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Ottani F, Parenti M, Santunione G, Moscatelli G, Kahn R, Pedrazzi S, Allesina G. Effects of different gasification biochar grain size on greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions in municipal aerated composting processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117257. [PMID: 36634419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work is aimed at investigating the effects derived from the application of minimum amounts of two different sized biochars, obtained through biomass gasification, on the greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions from a co-composting process of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The chosen biochar-to-organic waste share is set to 3% w/w dry, and the results obtained are compared with a conventional composting process without biochar. Nine aerated static pilot-scale bins with a volume of 1.3 m3 were prototyped and run, three per thesis and three for the control. The trial lasted 63 days, following the same approach used in full-scale composting facilities. The testing period was divided into a forced aeration phase followed by a static phase. In terms of global warming potential, the use of fine biochar and coarse biochar resulted in 13 and 11 kg CO2eq ton-1 emitted respectively. These values are 36% and 45% lower than the 20 kg of CO2eq ton-1 emitted by the control theses. Specifically, the chosen minimum amounts of biochar produced a reduction of CH4 and N2O, while a significant reduction in NH3 emissions was not detected. Carbon dioxide showed a slight increase in biochar theses. This work has proven that fine and coarse gasification-derived biochars improve the bio-oxidative phenomena and reduce greenhouse gases emissions of the composters, regardless of the biochar particle size and regardless of the modest 3% w/w biochar-to-organic waste share used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ottani
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Parenti
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Giulia Santunione
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213-D, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Moscatelli
- Centro Ricerche Produzioni Animali S.p.a, (C.R.P.A. S.p.a.)Viale Timavo 43/2, Reggio Emilia, 42121, Italy
| | | | - Simone Pedrazzi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy; INTERMECH, Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari",University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Giulio Allesina
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy; INTERMECH, Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari",University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena, 41125, Italy
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15
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Nguyen MK, Lin C, Hoang HG, Bui XT, Ngo HH, Le VG, Tran HT. Investigation of biochar amendments on odor reduction and their characteristics during food waste co-composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161128. [PMID: 36587674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The odor emission such as ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during the composting process is a severe problem that adversely affects the environment and human health. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) evaluate the variation of physicochemical characteristics during the co-composting of food waste, and sawdust mixed biochar; (2) assess the efficiency of biochar-composting combined amendment materials for reducing odor emissions and their maturity. The raw materials including food waste (FW), straw dust (SD), and biochar (BC) were prepared and homogeneously mixed with the weight ranging from 120.0 kg to 135.8 kg with five treatments, BC0 (Control), BC1 (5 % biochar), BC2 (5 % distilled water washed biochar), BC3 (10 % biochar), BC4 (20 % biochar). Adding biochar could change physicochemical properties such as temperature, moisture, and pH during composting. The results indicated applying biochar-composting covering to minimalized NH3 and H2S aided by higher porous structure and surface functional groups. Among trials, biochar 20 % obtained the lowest NH3 (2 ppm) and H2S (3 ppm) emission on day 16 and stopping their emission on day 17. The NH3/NH4+ adsorption on large specific surface areas and highly porous micro-structure of biochar lead to reduced nitrogen losses, while nitrification (NH4+ ➔ NO2- ➔ NO3-) may also contribute to nitrogen retention. The H2S concentration decreased with increasing the biochar proportion, suggesting that biochar could reduce the H2S emission. Correlation analysis illustrated that temperature, moisture, and oxygen are the most critical factors affecting H2S and NH3 emissions (p <0.05). The physicochemical properties and seed germination index indicated that the compost was mature without phytotoxicity. These novelty findings illustrated that the biochar amendment is an effective solution to reduce odor emission and enhances the maturity of compost mixture, which is promising to approach in real-scale conditions and could apply in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ky Nguyen
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City, Hamlet 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Hong Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Medicine, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai 810000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc city, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Van Giang Le
- Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 111000, Viet Nam
| | - Huu-Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
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16
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Alarefee HA, Ishak CF, Othman R, Karam DS. Effectiveness of mixing poultry litter compost with rice husk biochar in mitigating ammonia volatilization and carbon dioxide emission. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117051. [PMID: 36549060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich materials such as poultry litter (PL) contributes to substantial N and C loss in the form of ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) during composting. Biochar can act as a sorbent of ammonia (NH3) and CO2 emission released during co-composting. Thus, co-composting poultry litter with rice husk biochar as a bulking agent is a good technique to mitigate NH3 volatilization and CO2 emission. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of composting the mixtures of poultry litter with rice husk biochar at different ratios on NH3 and CO2 emissions. Four mixtures of poultry litter and rice husk biochar at different rate were composted at 0:1, 0.5:1, 1.3:1 and 2.3:1 ratio of rice husk biochar (RHB): poultry litter (PL) on a dry weight basis to achieve a suitable C/N ratio of 15, 20, 25, and 30, respectively. The results show that composting poultry litter with rice husk biochar can accelerate the breakdown of organic matter, thereby shortening the thermophilic phase compared to composting using poultry litter alone. There was a significant reduction in the cumulative NH3 emissions, which accounted for 78.38%, 94.60%, and 97.30%, for each C/N ratio of 20, 25, and 30. The total nitrogen (TN) retained relative was 75.96%, 85.61%, 90.24%, and 87.89% for each C/N ratio of 15, 20, 25, and 30 at the completion of composting. Total carbon dioxide lost was 5.64%, 6.62%, 8.91%, and 14.54%, for each C/N ratio of 15, 20, 21, and 30. In addition, the total carbon (TC) retained were 66.60%, 72.56%, 77.39%, and 85.29% for 15, 20, 25, and 30 C/N ratios and shows significant difference as compared with the initial reading of TC of the compost mixtures. In conclusion, mixing and composting rice husk biochar in poultry litter with C/N ratio of 25 helps in reducing the NH3 volatilization and CO2 emissions, while reducing the overall operational costs of waste disposal by shortening the composting time alongside nitrogen conservation and carbon sequestration. In formulating the compost mixture with rice husk biochar, the contribution of C and N from the biochar can be neglected in the determination of C/N ratio to predict the rate of mineralization in the compost because biochar has characteristic of being quite inert and recalcitrant in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ahmed Alarefee
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, University of Zawia, Zawia, P.O. Box 16418, Libya
| | - Che Fauziah Ishak
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Radziah Othman
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Daljit Singh Karam
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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17
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Xu S, Zhan J, Li L, Zhu Y, Liu J, Guo X. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and influencing factors in co-composting of rural sewage sludge and organic solid wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120911. [PMID: 36549453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Co-composting is an efficient strategy for collaborative disposal of multiple organic wastes in rural areas. In this study, we explored the co-composting of rural sewage sludge and other organic solid wastes (corn stalks and kitchen waste), with a focus on the variation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) during this process. 12% corn-derived biochar was applied in the composting (BC), with no additives applied as the control treatment (CK). The TPH contents of piles after composting ranged from 0.70 to 0.74 mg/g, with overall removal efficiencies of 35.6% and 61.1% for CK and BC, respectively. The results indicate that the addition of 12% biochar increased the rate of TPH degradation and accelerated the degradation process. 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing was applied to investigate the biodiversity and bacterial community succession during the composting process. Diverse bacterial communities with TPH degradation functions were observed in the composting process, including Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus spp. These functional bacteria synergistically degraded TPH, with cooperative behavior dominating during composting. Biochar amendment enhanced the microbial activity and effectively promoted the biodegradation of TPH. The physicochemical properties of the compost piles, including environmental factors (pH and temperature), nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), and humic substances produced in composting (humic acids and fulvic acids), directly and indirectly affected the variation in TPH contents. In conclusion, this work illustrates the variation in TPH content and associated influencing factors during co-composting of rural organic solid wastes, providing valuable guidance toward the further optimization of rural organic waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Jun Zhan
- POWERCHINA Group Environmental Engineering Co.,LTD, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310005, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Yingming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Junxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Xuesong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
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18
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Bello A, Liu W, Chang N, Erinle KO, Deng L, Egbeagu UU, Babalola BJ, Yue H, Sun Y, Wei Z, Xu X. Deciphering biochar compost co-application impact on microbial communities mediating carbon and nitrogen transformation across different stages of corn development. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115123. [PMID: 36549490 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Under current climatic conditions, developing eco-friendly and climate-smart fertilizers has become increasingly important.The co-application of biochar and compost on agricultural soils has received considerable attention recently.Unfortunately, little is known about its effects on specific microbial taxa involved in carbon and nitrogen transformation in the soil.Herein, we report the efficacy of applying biochar-based amendments on soil physicochemical indices, enzymatic activity, functional genes, bacterial community, and their network patterns in corn rhizosphere at seedling (SS), flowering (FS), and maturity (MS) stages.The applied treatments were: compost alone (COM), biochar alone (BIOC), composted biochar (CMB), fortified compost (CMWB), and the control (no fertilizer (CNTRL).The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated total nitrogen (TN), pH, NO3--N, urease, protease, and microbial biomass C (MBC) as the dominant environmental factors driving soil bacteria in this study.The dominant N mediating genes belonged to nitrate reductase (narG) and nitronate monooxygenase (amo), while beta-galactosidase, catalase, and alpha-amylase were the dominant genes observed relating to C cycling.Interestingly, the abundance of these genes was higher in COM, CMWB, and CMB compared with the CNTRL and BIOC treatments.The bacteria network properties of CWMB and CMB indicated robust niche overlap associated with high cross-feeding between bacterial communities compared to other treatments.Path and stepwise regression analyses revealed norank_Reyranellaceae and Sphingopyxis in CMWB as the major bacterial genera and the major predictive indices mediating soil organic C (SOC), NH4+-N, NO3--N, and TN transformation.Overall, biochar with compost amendments improved soil nutrient conditions, regulated the composition of the bacterial community, and benefited C/N cycling in the soil ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Bello
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wanying Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Nuo Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Kehinde Olajide Erinle
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Liting Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ugochi Uzoamaka Egbeagu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Busayo Joshua Babalola
- Department of Plant Biology and Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - Han Yue
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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19
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Shan G, Li W, Liu J, Zhu L, Hu X, Yang W, Tan W, Xi B. Nitrogen loss, nitrogen functional genes, and humification as affected by hydrochar addition during chicken manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128512. [PMID: 36538962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of hydrochar addition on nitrogen (N) transformation, N functional genes, and humification during chicken manure composting. The addition of 10 % hydrochar reduced cumulative ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide emissions by 55.24 % and 45.30 %, respectively, and N losses by 32.07 %. Further, it increased the relative abundance of amoA while decreasing that of nirK, nirS, and nosZ in compost. Hydrochar reduces NH3 emissions during composting owing to its acid-carbon properties that lower the pH of the composting pile and promote ammonia oxidation. Moreover, hydrochar addition enhances the humification of the composting pile and significantly increases the content of humic substances. Moreover, after hydrochar addition, the germination index of the compost product reached >80 % 10 days earlier. The results demonstrate that hydrochar is a suitable composting additive for reducing N loss and shortening the composting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xinhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei Yang
- China Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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20
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Baral KR, McIlroy J, Lyons G, Johnston C. The effect of biochar and acid activated biochar on ammonia emissions during manure storage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120815. [PMID: 36481469 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Animal manure contains valuable plant nutrients which need to be stored until field application. A significant proportion of slurry nitrogen is volatilized in the form of ammonia (NH3) during storage. This impacts human health, biodiversity, air and water quality and thus urgent action is needed to reduce NH3 emissions. In this experiment, we evaluated the NH3 emission mitigation potential of biochars derived from miscanthus (MB) and solid separated anaerobic digestate (DB), and orthophosphoric acid activated MB (AMB) and DB (ADB) as well as lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) during four months of liquid manure storage. A slurry without amendment was included as a control (Ctrl). Acid activated and non-activated biochars were applied on top of the slurry maintaining a 7 mm thick surface layer, while LECA was applied in a 2 cm thick layer. NH3 emissions were measured by photoacoustic analyzer. In comparison to Ctrl, acid activated biochar decreased (p < 0.05) NH3 emissions during the slurry storage. Activated biochar reduced the emissions by 37-51% within the first month of slurry storage and achieved a 25-28% emissions reduction efficiency throughout the four month period due to the reduction in emission mitigation efficiency as the storage period progressed. LECA reduced NH3 emissions by 21% during storage. Losses of NH3 as a percentage of total ammoniacal N were 29-31% for activated biochars, 35-39% for non-activated biochars and 33% for LECA. In conclusion, acid activated biochars and LECA could be good floating-covers to mitigate NH3 emissions during manure storage, but activated biochars may have better mitigation potential than LECA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khagendra Raj Baral
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - John McIlroy
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gary Lyons
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chris Johnston
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland, UK
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21
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Hasnain M, Munir N, Abideen Z, Zulfiqar F, Koyro HW, El-Naggar A, Caçador I, Duarte B, Rinklebe J, Yong JWH. Biochar-plant interaction and detoxification strategies under abiotic stresses for achieving agricultural resilience: A critical review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114408. [PMID: 36516621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The unpredictable climatic perturbations, the expanding industrial and mining sectors, excessive agrochemicals, greater reliance on wastewater usage in cultivation, and landfill leachates, are collectively causing land degradation and affecting cultivation, thereby reducing food production globally. Biochar can generally mitigate the unfavourable effects brought about by climatic perturbations (drought, waterlogging) and degraded soils to sustain crop production. It can also reduce the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of pollutants in contaminated soils via the immobilization of inorganic and/or organic contaminants, commonly through surface complexation, electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, adsorption, and co-precipitation. When biochar is applied to soil, it typically neutralizes soil acidity, enhances cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, soil aeration, and microbial activity. Thus, biochar has been was widely used as an amendment to ameliorate crop abiotic/biotic stress. This review discusses the effects of biochar addition under certain unfavourable conditions (salinity, drought, flooding and heavy metal stress) to improve plant resilience undergoing these perturbations. Biochar applied with other stimulants like compost, humic acid, phytohormones, microbes and nanoparticles could be synergistic in some situation to enhance plant resilience and survivorship in especially saline, waterlogged and arid conditions. Overall, biochar can provide an effective and low-cost solution, especially in nutrient-poor and highly degraded soils to sustain plant cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hasnain
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Neelma Munir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan.
| | - Hans Werner Koyro
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ali El-Naggar
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Isabel Caçador
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisbon; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisbon; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden.
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22
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Van Nguyen TT, Phan AN, Nguyen TA, Nguyen TK, Nguyen ST, Pugazhendhi A, Ky Phuong HH. Valorization of agriculture waste biomass as biochar: As first-rate biosorbent for remediation of contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135834. [PMID: 35963379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Each year, Asia produces an estimated 350 million tonnes of agricultural residues. According to Ministry of Power projections, numerous tonnes of such waste are discarded each year, in addition to being used as green manure. The methodology used to convert agricultural waste into the most valuable biochar, as well as its critical physical and chemical properties, were described in this review. This review also investigates the beneficial effects of bio and phytoremediation on metal(lloid)-contaminated soil. Agriculture biomass-based biochar is an intriguing organic residue material with the potential to be used as a responsible solution for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation and soil improvement. Plants with faster growth and higher biomass can meet massive remediation demands. Recent research shows significant progress in agricultural biomass-based biomass conversion as biochar, as well as understanding the frameworks of metal(lloid) accumulation and mobility in plants used for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation. Biochar made from various agricultural biomass can promote native plant growth and improve phytoremediation efficiency in polluted soil with metal(lloid)s. This carbon-enriched biochar promotes native microbial activity by neutralising pH and providing adequate nutrition. Thus, this review critically examines the feasibility of converting agricultural waste biomass into biochar, as well as the impact on plant and microbe remediation potential in metal(lloid)s polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward, Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Anh N Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Tuan-Anh Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Kim Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Son Truong Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Ha Huynh Ky Phuong
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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23
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Hoang AT, Goldfarb JL, Foley AM, Lichtfouse E, Kumar M, Xiao L, Ahmed SF, Said Z, Luque R, Bui VG, Nguyen XP. Production of biochar from crop residues and its application for anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127970. [PMID: 36122843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a viable and cost-effective method for converting organic waste into usable renewable energy. The efficiency of organic waste digestion, nonetheless, is limited due to inhibition and instability. Accordingly, biochar is an effective method for improving the efficiency of AD by adsorbing inhibitors, promoting biogas generation and methane concentration, maintaining process stability, colonizing microorganisms selectively, and mitigating the inhibition of volatile fatty acids and ammonia. This paper reviews the features of crop waste-derived biochar and its application in AD systems. Four critical roles of biochar in AD systems were identified: maintaining pH stability, promoting hydrolysis, enhancing the direct interspecies electron transfer pathway, and supporting microbial development. This work also highlights that the interaction between biochar dose, amount of organic component in the substrate, and inoculum-to-substrate ratio should be the focus of future research before deploying commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Jillian L Goldfarb
- Cornell University Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Aoife M Foley
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Ashby Building, Belfast BT9 5AH, United Kingdom; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Avenue Louis Philibert, Aix en Provence 13100, France
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, India
| | - Leilei Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shams Forruque Ahmed
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Zafar Said
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, Ctra. Nnal. IV-A, Km. 396, E-14014 Cordoba, Spain; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Van Ga Bui
- University of Science and Technology, The University of Da Nang, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Phuong Nguyen
- PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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24
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Marcińczyk M, Ok YS, Oleszczuk P. From waste to fertilizer: Nutrient recovery from wastewater by pristine and engineered biochars. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135310. [PMID: 35714962 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application for the recovery of nutrients from wastewater is a sustainable method based on a circular economy. Wastewater, food wastewater, and stormwater are valuable sources of nutrients (i.e., PO43-, NO3-, and NH4+). The unique properties of biochar, such as its large specific surface area, pH buffering capacity, and ion-exchange ability, make it a cost-effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent. Biochar engineering improves biochar properties and provide targeted adsorbents. The biochar-based fertilizers can be a sustainable alternative to traditional fertilization. The aim of the study was to compare the potential of pristine and engineered biochars to recover nutrients from wastewater and to determine the factors which may affect this process. Engineered biochar can be used as a selective adsorbent from multicomponent solutions. Adsorption on engineered biochar can be also regulated by additional mechanisms: surface precipitation and ligand/ion exchange. Metal modification (e.g. Mg, Fe) enhances PO43- and NO3- adsorption capacity, and thus may provide the extra plant macro-/micronutrients. The desorption mechanism, which is the basis for nutrient release are strongly pH depended. The use of biochar-based fertilizer can have economic and agricultural benefits when using waste materials and reducing pyrolysis energy costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marcińczyk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
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25
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Nayak S, Goveas LC, Selvaraj R, Vinayagam R, Manickam S. Advances in the utilisation of carbon-neutral technologies for a sustainable tomorrow: A critical review and the path forward. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128073. [PMID: 36216285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global industrialisation and overexploitation of fossil fuels significantly impact greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in global warming and other environmental problems. Hence, investigations on capturing, storing, and utilising atmospheric CO2 create novel technologies. Few microorganisms, microalgae, and macroalgae utilise atmospheric CO2 for their growth and reduce atmospheric CO2 levels. Activated carbon and biochar from biomasses also capture CO2. Nanomaterials such as metallic oxides, metal-organic frameworks, and MXenes illustrate outstanding adsorption characteristics, and convert CO2 to carbon-neutral fuels, creating a balance between CO2 production and elimination, thus zeroing the carbon footprint. The need for a paradigm shift from fossil fuels and promising technologies on renewable energies, carbon capture mechanisms, and carbon sequestration techniques that help reduce CO2 emissions for a better tomorrow are reviewed to achieve the world's sustainable development goals. The challenges and possible solutions with future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Nayak
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Nitte, Karnataka 574110, India
| | - Louella Concepta Goveas
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Nitte, Karnataka 574110, India
| | - Raja Selvaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Ramesh Vinayagam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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Tovihoudji GP, Diogo RVC, Abiola WA, Akoha FBRM, Godau T. Profitability and agronomic potential of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under biochar-compost-based amendments in three agroecological zones of northern Benin. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1036133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low land productivity is a major constraint facing agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa, which severely affects crop yields, particularly cotton which is main export agricultural produce of Northern Benin. To overcome this situation, the hill-placement of microdose biochar-compost-based amendments was carried out at two research stations and on farmer's fields in three agroecological zones of northern Benin. The study aims to evaluate the agronomic and economic performance of cotton under two types of compost and biochar-based amendments. On stations, the experimental design used was a complete randomized block with one factor and ten treatments replicated four times as follows: (i) absolute control without any amendment (Ck), (ii) mineral fertilizer (MF) at 200 kg/ha, (iii) cow dung-based compost at 200kg/ha (CP1_200) and (iv) 300kg (CP1_300), (v) household waste-based compost at 200kg/ha (CP2_200) and (vi) 300 kg (CP2_300), the combination of CP1 and 15% biochar designated Terra preta (TP) applied at 200kg/ha (vii, TP1_200) and 300kg/ha (viii, TP1_300), the combination of CP2 and 15% biochar applied at 200kg/ha (ix, TP2_200) and 300kg/ha (x, TP2_300). On-farms, the experimental design was a randomized complete block with one factor and six optimal treatments extracted from the on-station experiments with three replicates installed in four farmers' fields from each location studied. The six treatments were: Ck, MF, CP1_200, CP2_200, TP1_200 and TP2_200. Cotton growth (Plant height, number of vegetative and reproductive branches and total bolls per plant) and yield data were collected. The treatment TP1_300 yielded higher cotton seed with 2.53 t/ha, i.e., 86% more than the absolute control. However, the highest plant growth parameters were obtained with MF which were similar to those obtained with TP1_300 (P > 0.05). Likewise, at farms, the highest plant growth parameters and yield were observed with MF followed by TP1_200 (with a cotton seed yield increase of 146% compared to the control, P < 0.05). In addition, no significant differences were observed between organic fertilizers treatments for growth variables. However yield differences occurred. To resume, TP1_300 kg/ha performed best in terms of growth and yield in on-station experiments, while on-farms, TP1_200 kg/ha produced the highest responses of cotton. Value Cost Ratio (VCR) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) values were generally as good or even better for MF treatment and treatments involving CP1 at both on station and on farm, compared to Ck. Although applying mineral fertilizer (MF) alone as currently done by many farmers appears to make economic sense, this practice is unlikely to be sustainable in the long term. Applying TP1_200 and TP1_300 are two possible strategies that are affordable to farmers and provide returns on investment at least as good as the current practice of sole application of MF. However, a long-term study to assess the effect of compost-activated biochar on crop productivity and soil quality is advised.
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Hammam AA, Mohamed ES, El-Namas AE, Abd-Elmabod SK, Badr Eldin RM. Impacted Application of Water-Hyacinth-Derived Biochar and Organic Manures on Soil Properties and Barley Growth. SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 14:13096. [DOI: 10.3390/su142013096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The biochar application can improve the physiochemical properties of both sandy and clayey loam soils and is considered a potential adaptation tool toward climate change. Therefore, the current study is novel in combining water-hyacinth-derived biochar with organic manures as a suggested effective way of treating the soil with biochar under arid and semiarid conditions. Water hyacinth weeds were slow pyrolyzed at a temperature of 300 °C, which resulted in nonalkaline biochar with a pH value of 6.31, which is suitable for alkaline soils. A pot experiment was established to study the impact of the solo application of nonalkaline water-hyacinth-derived biochar (WHB) and its combined application with farmyard (WHB/FM) and poultry manure (WHB/PM) at a rate of 1.5 and 3%, respectively, on some chemical and physical properties of sandy and clay loam soils and some barley’s growth parameters. WHB, WHB/FM, and WHB/PM significantly affected the soil pH at different application rates (1.5 and 3%) in sandy soil. A considerable alteration in water-stable aggregates (WSA), dispersion ratio (DR), available water content (AWC), and cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS) index resulted from combining manures (FM and PM) with biochar better than the solo application of biochar. WHB/PM treatments had a superior effect in improving barley’s growth. Relative increases were by 37.3 and 11.0% in plant height and by 61.6 and 28.5% in the dry matter in sandy and clayey loam soils, respectively. Under the conditions of this study, we can conclude that treating the soil with WHB/PM at a rate of 1.5 and 3% is the most effective application. The current study may have a vital role in Egyptian agriculture sustainability by enhancing the soil characteristics of the old agricultural and the newly reclaimed lands.
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Al-Lami MK, Oustriere N, Gonzales E, Burken JG. Phytomanagement of Pb/Zn/Cu tailings using biosolids-biochar or -humus combinations: Enhancement of bioenergy crop production, substrate functionality, and ecosystem services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155676. [PMID: 35523335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The extreme characteristics of mine tailings generally prohibit microbial processes and natural plant growth. Consequently, vast and numerous tailings sites remain barren for decades and highly susceptible to windblown dust and water erosion. Amendment-assisted phytostabilization is a cost-effective and ecologically productive approach to mitigate the potential transport of residual metals. Due to the contrasting and complementary characteristics of biosolids (BS) and biochar (BC), co-application might be more efficient than individually applied. Studies considering BS and BC co-application for multi-metal tailings revegetation are scarce. As tailings revegetation is a multidimensional issue, clearly notable demand exists for a study that provides a comprehensive understanding on the co-application impact on interrelated properties of physicochemical, biological, mineral nitrogen availability, metal immobilization, water-soil interactions, and impacts on plant cultivation and biomass production. This 8-month greenhouse study aimed at investigating the efficacy of co-application strategies targeting BS and carbon-rich amendments (BC or humic substances (HS)) to phytomanage a slightly alkaline Pb/Zn/Cu tailings with bioenergy crops (poplar, willow, and miscanthus). A complementary assessment linking revegetation effectiveness to ecosystem services (ES) provision was also included. Owing to their rich nutrient and organic matter contents, BS had the most pronounced influence on most of the measured properties including physicochemical, enzyme activities, NH4+-N and NO3--N availability, immobilization of Zn, Cu, and Cd, and biomass production. Co-applying with BC exhibited efficient nutrient release and was more effective than BS alone in reducing metal bioavailability and uptake particularly Pb. Poplar and willow exhibited more superior phytostabilization efficiency compared to miscanthus which caused acidification-induced metal mobilization, yet BC and BS co-application was effective in ameliorating this effect. Enhancement of ES and substrate quality index mirrored the positive effect of amendment co-application and plant cultivation. Co-applying HS with BS resulted in improved nutrient cycling while BC enhanced water purification and contamination control services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam K Al-Lami
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States of America.
| | - Nadège Oustriere
- Univ. Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Artois, JUNIA, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France; JUNIA, Health & Environment, Team Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eva Gonzales
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis Univ., Saint Louis, MO 63103, United States of America.
| | - Joel G Burken
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States of America.
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Lu HL, Li KW, Nkoh JN, Shi YXX, He X, Hong ZN, Xu RK. Effects of the increases in soil pH and pH buffering capacity induced by crop residue biochars on available Cd contents in acidic paddy soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134674. [PMID: 35461893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of the increases in pH and pH buffering capacity (pHBC) induced by crop residue biochars on the changes in soil available Cd content, six acidic paddy soils developed from different parents were amended with seeded sunflower plate biochar (SSPBC), peanut straw biochar (PSBC) and corn straw biochar (CSBC). The pH, pHBC, and available Cd of the soils were measured after laboratory incubation. The results showed that the incorporation of crop residue biochars led to the increases in soil pH and pHBC, but a decrease in soil available Cd content. The decreasing order of available Cd content was SSPBC > PSBC > CSBC and was consistent with the changes in soil pH induced by the biochars. During submerging and draining, soil pH increased first and then declined, however the content of available Cd decreased first and then increased significantly. Soil pH in the treatments with biochars showed little change during draining, which was different from the control without the biochars added. This was attributed to the enhancing effect of the biochars on soil pHBC. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the change in available Cd content and soil pHBC during submerging/draining alternation and suggested that higher pHBC corresponded to smaller soil available Cd content. Consequently, the amount of Cd absorbed by rice was reduced, thereby reducing the potential risk of soil Cd to humans. These results can provide useful references for the remediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ke-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jackson Nkoh Nkoh
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yang-Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Neng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Co-Application of Biochar Compost and Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects the Growth and Nitrogen Uptake by Lowland Rice in Northern Ghana. NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherent low soil fertility status limits productivity of rice in the lowland ecologies in Northern Ghana. Combining organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers could help to maintain the fertility of lowland soils for rice production. A screen house pot experiment was carried out to investigate the combined effect of biochar compost and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on the nitrogen uptake and agronomic performance of rice plants grown on an eutric gleysol lowland soil. Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer alone and its combinations with different types of biochar compost (based on the proportions of biochar and compost) were used as treatment. A control (unamended soil) was also included. The incorporation of biochar compost and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer improved the growth parameters and yield components of rice plants. The combination of biochar compost and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer was also found to improve nitrogen uptake in rice plants. This practice could be the most likely viable option for alleviating lowland soil fertility issues and increasing rice productivity in Northern Ghana.
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Nguyen MK, Lin C, Hoang HG, Sanderson P, Dang BT, Bui XT, Nguyen NSH, Vo DVN, Tran HT. Evaluate the role of biochar during the organic waste composting process: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134488. [PMID: 35385764 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Composting is very robust and efficient for the biodegradation of organic waste; however secondary pollutants, namely greenhouse gases (GHGs) and odorous emissions, are environmental concerns during this process. Biochar addition to compost has attracted the interest of scientists with a lot of publication in recent years because it has addressed this matter and enhanced the quality of compost mixture. This review aims to evaluate the role of biochar during organic waste composting and identify the gaps of knowledge in this field. Moreover, the research direction to fill knowledge gaps was proposed and highlighted. Results demonstrated the commonly referenced conditions during composting mixed biochar should be reached such as pH (6.5-7.5), moisture (50-60%), initial C/N ratio (20-25:1), biochar doses (1-20% w/w), improved oxygen content availability, enhanced the performance and humification, accelerating organic matter decomposition through faster microbial growth. Biochar significantly decreased GHGs and odorous emissions by adding a 5-10% dosage range due to its larger surface area and porosity. On the other hand, with high exchange capacity and interaction with organic matters, biochar enhanced the composting performance humification (e.g., formation humic and fulvic acid). Biochar could extend the thermophilic phase of composting, reduce the pH value, NH3 emission, and prevent nitrogen losses through positive effects to nitrifying bacteria. The surfaces of the biochar particles are partly attributed to the presence of functional groups such as Si-O-Si, OH, COOH, CO, C-O, N for high cation exchange capacity and adsorption. Adding biochars could decrease NH3 emissions in the highest range up to 98%, the removal efficiency of CH4 emissions has been reported with a wide range greater than 80%. Biochar could absorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs) more than 50% in the experiment based on distribution mechanisms and surface adsorption and efficient reduction in metal bioaccessibilities for Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cr and Cd. By applicating biochar improved the compost maturity by promoting enzymatic activity and germination index (>80%). However, physico-chemical properties of biochar such as particle size, pore size, pore volume should be clarified and its influence on the composting process evaluated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ky Nguyen
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Hong Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Finance - Accounting, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, 76100, Viet Nam
| | - Peter Sanderson
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bao Trong Dang
- HUTECH University, 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Son Hai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Thai Nguyen, 23000, Viet Nam
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Huu Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Shen W, Feng Z, Song H, Jin D, Fu Y, Cheng F. Effects of solid waste-based soil conditioner and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on crop productivity and heavy metal distribution in foxtail millet (Setaria italica). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114974. [PMID: 35447410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Shanxi is a large coal-producing province, and it also produces a lot of solid waste. Solid waste can leach heavy metals, which can harm soil and affect food security at the beginning of the food chain. To investigate the impacts of solid waste-based soil conditioner (SWSC) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on millet safety and crop production, a field experiment with foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was conducted in Tunliu. The results of this study demonstrate that SWSC + AMF, SWSC and AMF can increase millet yield by 28.0%, 27.1% and 19.5%, respectively, compared with CK. This is mainly due to increased mycorrhizal infection. Besides, the pollution index (Pi) and the Nemerow-integrated pollution index (PN) of the soil with SWSC and AMF were both below 0.7, indicating safe pollution levels. The application of AMF and SWSC inhibits plants from absorbing heavy metals from the soil and reduces the TFroot/soil of the millet. SWSC + AMF application inhibited the transfer of heavy metals from the roots to the upper part of the ground and reduced the TFshoot/root of the millet. The TFgrain/soil of the millet was below 1. The HQ and HI of the millet grains did not exceed 1, indicating the absence of a potential health risk. Therefore, SWSC combined with AMF is applicable for millet production in Tunliu, and the combined treatment can decrease heavy metal phytoavailability and post-harvest transfer risks. This work provides a way to utilize solid waste while also improving millet yields in dry farming. Based on the review, we suggested future researches to better understand the mechanisms of SWSC + AMF long-term application to promote awareness on its role over time through alterations in its surface chemistry, soil microbial community and environmental implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyan Shen
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhengjun Feng
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Huiping Song
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Dapeng Jin
- Shanxi Qinghuan Nengchuang Environmental Protection Technology Company Limited, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yuanhong Fu
- Shanxi Dadi Minji Eco-environment Company Limited, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Fangqin Cheng
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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Bona D, Scrinzi D, Tonon G, Ventura M, Nardin T, Zottele F, Andreis D, Andreottola G, Fiori L, Silvestri S. Hydrochar and hydrochar co-compost from OFMSW digestate for soil application: 2. agro-environmental properties. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114894. [PMID: 35334400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The work concerns the study of the hydrochar from digestate and hydrochar co-compost characterization as amendments. The processes for hydrochar and co-compost production were described in Part 1 of this work (Scrinzi et al., 2022). The amendment properties of hydrochar (produced at 180-200-220 °C for 3 h) and co-composts (25%, 50%, and 75% hydrochar percentage of digestate substitution) were assessed by phytotoxicity, plant growth bioassay, and soil effect. Different seeds species (Lepidium sativum, Cucumis sativus, and Sorghum bicolor sp.) were dosed at increased concentrations using both wet raw amendments and their water extracts. The chemical characterization showed phytotoxic compounds content depending on both the initial feedstock (digestate) and the HTC process; at the same time, the analysis highlighted the reduction of these compounds by composting (organic acid, polyphenols, salt concentration). The dose-response was analyzed by the Cedergreen-Streibig-Ritz model and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was calculated based on this equation. The soil properties and GHG emissions measurements (CH4, CO2, N2O, and NH3) highlighted the effect on N dynamics and on soil respiration induced by substrates. The HC200 soil application determined a significant impact on CO2 and N2O emission and NH3 volatilization (10.82 mol CO2/m2; 51.45 mmol N2O/m2; 112 mol NH3/m2) and a significant reduction of total N and TOC (46% of TKN and 49% of TOC). The co-compost (75%) showed specific effects after soil application compared to other samples an increase of available P (48%), a greater content of nitrogen (1626 mg/kg dry basis), and a reduction of organic carbon (17%). Our results demonstrate the good quality of co-compost and at the same time the validity of this post-treatment for addressing many issues related to hydrochar use in the soil as an amendment, confirming the suitability of HTC process integration for digestate treatment in anaerobic digestion plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bona
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, San Michele a/A, Italy
| | - Donato Scrinzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Giustino Tonon
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università, 5, 39100, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ventura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università, 5, 39100, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Nardin
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, San Michele a/A, Italy
| | - Fabio Zottele
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, San Michele a/A, Italy
| | - Daniele Andreis
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, San Michele a/A, Italy
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Fiori
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy; Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Silvia Silvestri
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, San Michele a/A, Italy
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Gaur VK, Gautam K, Sharma P, Gupta S, Pandey A, You S, Varjani S. Carbon-based catalyst for environmental bioremediation and sustainability: Updates and perspectives on techno-economics and life cycle assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112793. [PMID: 35090873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global rise in the generation of waste has caused an enormous environmental concern and waste management problem. The untreated carbon rich waste serves as a breeding ground for pathogens and thus strategies for production of carbon rich biochar from waste by employing different thermochemical routes namely hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction and pyrolysis has been of interest by researchers globally. Biochar has been globally produced due to its diverse applications from environmental bioremediation to energy storage. Also, several factors affect the production of biochar including feedstock/biomass type, moisture content, heating rate, and temperature. Recently the application of biochar has increased tremendously owing to the cost effectiveness and eco-friendly nature. Thus this communication summarized and highlights the preferred feedstock for optimized biochar yield along with the factor influencing the production. This review provides a close view on biochar activation approaches and synthesis techniques. The application of biochar in environmental remediation, composting, as a catalyst, and in energy storage has been reviewed. These informative findings were supported with an overview of lifecycle and techno-economical assessments in the production of these carbon based catalysts. Integrated closed loop approaches towards biochar generation with lesser/zero landfill waste for safeguarding the environment has also been discussed. Lastly the research gaps were identified and the future perspectives have been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gaur
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Gautam
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India; India Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India.
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Basak BB, Sarkar B, Saha A, Sarkar A, Mandal S, Biswas JK, Wang H, Bolan NS. Revamping highly weathered soils in the tropics with biochar application: What we know and what is needed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153461. [PMID: 35093379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fast weathering of parent materials and rapid mineralization of organic matter because of prevalent climatic conditions, and subsequent development of acidity and loss/exhaustion of nutrient elements due to intensive agricultural practices have resulted in the degradation of soil fertility and productivity in the vast tropical areas of the world. There is an urgent need for rejuvenation of weathered tropical soils to improve crop productivity and sustainability. For this purpose, biochar has been found to be more effective than other organic soil amendments due to biochar's stability in soil, and thus can extend the benefits over long duration. This review synthesizes information concerning the present status of biochar application in highly weathered tropical soils highlighting promising application strategies for improving resource use efficiency in terms of economic feasibility. In this respect, biochar has been found to improve crop productivity and soil quality consistently through liming and fertilization effects in low pH and infertile soils under low-input conditions typical of weathered tropical soils. This paper identifies several advance strategies that can maximize the effectiveness of biochar application in weathered tropical soils. However, strategies for the reduction of costs of biochar production and application to increase the material's use efficiency need future development. At the same time, policy decision by linking economic benefits with social and environmental issues is necessary for successful implementation of biochar technology in weathered tropical soils. This review recommends that advanced biochar strategies hold potential for sustaining soil quality and agricultural productivity in tropical soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Basak
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand 387310, Gujrat, India.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ajoy Saha
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore Research Centre, Bangalore 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanchita Mandal
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Enviromicrobiology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India; International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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Ottani F, Parenti M, Pedrazzi S, Moscatelli G, Allesina G. Impacts of gasification biochar and its particle size on the thermal behavior of organic waste co-composting process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:153022. [PMID: 35031371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the effects of gasification biochar on the thermal behavior of organic municipal waste composting. Two different biochar granulometries were mixed in a 3% w/w share with the organic fraction of municipal waste and tested in nine (three per thesis and three as control) reactors of 1 m3 of volume, designed to simulate full-scale aerated static piles. The temperatures of each composter were monitored for 31 days of the active composting phase and used as key parameters for air flow tuning. After the active phase was completed, the air was turned off and the temperatures were monitored for an additional 31 days during compost maturation. Results show that biochar-aided composters run 4 °C hotter and are more stable in temperature compared to the control thesis. Experimental data were used as a basis for thermal energy modeling: the addition of fine biochar to composting material increased the thermal energy production by 0.5 MJ kg-1 compared to the control thesis; coarse biochar increased the thermal energy production by 0.4 MJ kg-1. The standard composting process, without biochar, produced 2.5 MJ kg-1. Results might serve as a starting point for further considerations in terms of composting time reduction, improvement of the final product and reduction of process related issues, such as undesired anaerobic decomposition, leachate production and temperature instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ottani
- BEELAB (Bio Energy Efficiency Laboratory), Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Parenti
- BEELAB (Bio Energy Efficiency Laboratory), Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Simone Pedrazzi
- BEELAB (Bio Energy Efficiency Laboratory), Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy; INTERMECH, Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Moscatelli
- Centro Ricerche Produzioni Animali S.p.a. (C.R.P.A. S.p.a.), Viale Timavo 43/2, Reggio Emilia 42121, Italy
| | - Giulio Allesina
- BEELAB (Bio Energy Efficiency Laboratory), Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy; INTERMECH, Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy
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Gustavo Adolfo GF, Wolf-Anno B, Martin R, Christina S. Co-composting of biochar and nitrogen-poor organic residues: Nitrogen losses and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 143:84-94. [PMID: 35240450 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composting recycles nutrients and biodegrades organic pollutants, but often results in N leaching. Biochar can enhance the composting process and reduce N losses. Research, however, has focused on composting N-rich residues; also, information on the fate of biochar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during composting is scarce. We explored the composting of biochar with N-poor organic residues as a strategy to reduce N losses and biochar PAHs. A small-scale composting experiment was performed with three treatments: 100% yard residues and two mixtures of 85% yard residues and 15% gasification- or pyrolysis-derived biochar. Temperatures were recorded daily during composting and Nlosses and changes in PAHs loads were calculated. Results across all treatments showed overall low N losses, likely caused by low temperatures and N contents, circumneutral pH values, and absence of leachate, and simultaneous immobilization and mineralization of PAH contents. Treatments with biochar showed a slower release of inorganic N (NO3--N and NH4+-N), although they also had overall lower inorganic N contents. This slower release of inorganic N may relate to biochar's high surface area. We conclude that biochar provides valuable benefits for N-poor composting, and that composting should be further explored as a promising strategy to reduce the contents of PAHs in biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gutiérrez-Fernández Gustavo Adolfo
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | | | - Ricker Martin
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Siebe Christina
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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Rombel A, Krasucka P, Oleszczuk P. Sustainable biochar-based soil fertilizers and amendments as a new trend in biochar research. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151588. [PMID: 34774939 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Today's world is struggling with many environmental problems. Due to the ever-growing size of the population, it is necessary to produce more and more food. The consequence of such a large demand for food is excessive fertilization of soils, often in an uncontrolled manner. The paper presents an overview of the different types of biochar (BC) fertilizers obtained by: coating BCs with a protective layer, coating commercial fertilizers with a layer of BCs, or mixing BCs with commercial fertilizers. Although the use of these new types of fertilizers has a positive effect on soil properties and crop yields, the production and use of "simple" inorganic fertilizers are dominant. The solution to starting the change of this trend may be the use of BC-compost systems as an effective soil amendment, due to the fact that composts are still the most frequently used products by farmers. The review summarized two types of BC-compost soil amendments: BC mixed with ready-made compost and BC co-composted with compost raw material. These types of soil amendments contribute to a significant reduction in the consumption of commercial inorganic fertilizers, and thus less pollution of the natural environment, while allowing for a high yield of safe food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rombel
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Krasucka
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
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Zainudin MHM, Singam JT, Sazili AQ, Shirai Y, Hassan MA. Indigenous cellulolytic aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacterial community enhanced the composting of rice straw and chicken manure with biochar addition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5930. [PMID: 35396465 PMCID: PMC8993872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial degradation of organic matters is crucial during the composting process. In this study, the enhancement of the composting of rice straw and chicken manure with biochar was evaluated by investigating the indigenous cellulolytic bacterial community structure during the composting process. Compared with control treatment, composting with biochar recorded higher temperature (74 °C), longer thermophilic phase (> 50 °C for 18 days) and reduced carbon (19%) with considerable micro- and macronutrients content. The bacterial community succession showed that composting with biochar was dominated by the cellulolytic Thermobifida and Nocardiopsis genera, which play an important role in lignocellulose degradation. Twenty-three cellulolytic bacterial strains were successfully isolated at different phases of the composting with biochar. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing similarity showed that they were related to Bacilluslicheniformis, Bacillussubtilis,Bacillusaerius, and Bacillushaynesii, which were known as cellulolytic bacteria and generally involved in lignocellulose degradation. Of these isolated bacteria, Bacilluslicheniformis, a facultative anaerobe, was the major bacterial strain isolated and demonstrated higher cellulase activities. The increase in temperature and reduction of carbon during the composting with biochar in this study can thus be attributed to the existence of these cellulolytic bacteria identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Huzairi Mohd Zainudin
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Jamuna Thurai Singam
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoshihito Shirai
- Department of Biological Function and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Mohd Ali Hassan
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Processing and Product Development, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Awasthi MK. Engineered biochar: A multifunctional material for energy and environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118831. [PMID: 35032603 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a stable carbon-rich product loaded with upgraded properties obtained by thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. The pristine biochar is further modified to produce engineered biochar via various physical, mechanical, and chemical methods. The hasty advancement in engineered biochar synthesis via different technologies and their application in the field of energy and environment is a topical issue that required an up-to-date review. Therefore, this review deals with comprehensive and recent mechanistic approaches of engineered biochar synthesis and its further application in the field of energy and the environment. Synthesis and activation of engineered biochar via various methods has been deliberated in brief. Furthermore, this review systematically covered the impacts of engineered biochar amendment in the composting process, anaerobic digestion (AD), soil microbial community encouragement, and their enzymatic activities. Finally, this review provided a glimpse of the knowledge gaps and challenges associated with application of engineered biochar in various fields, which needs urgent attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China.
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Farid IM, Siam HS, Abbas MHH, Mohamed I, Mahmoud SA, Tolba M, Abbas HH, Yang X, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J, Shaheen SM. Co-composted biochar derived from rice straw and sugarcane bagasse improved soil properties, carbon balance, and zucchini growth in a sandy soil: A trial for enhancing the health of low fertile arid soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133389. [PMID: 34953878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable management of low fertile arid soils using carbon-rich organic amendments such as biochar and compost is of great concern from both agricultural and environmental points of view. The impact of pyrolysis, composting, and co-composting processes of different feedstocks on carbon loss and emissions, soil properties, and plant growth in arid soils with low organic matter content has not been sufficiently explored yet. Consequently, the aim of this work was to 1) investigate the effects of the pyrolysis, composting, and co-composting processes on the properties of the produced biochar, compost, and co-composted biochar from rice straw (RS) and sugarcane bagasse (SB), and 2) examine the impact of addition of RB biochar (RSB), SB biochar (SBB), RS compost (RSC), SB compost (SBC), co-composted RS biochar (RSCB), and co-composted SB biochar (SBCB) at an application dose of 10 ton/hectare on soil properties, carbon emission, and growth of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) in a sandy arid soil. Carbon loss (kg C kg-1 feedstock) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower during the preparation of the compost (90.36 in RSC, 220.00 in SBC) and co-composted-biochar (146.35 in RSCB, 125.20 in SBCB) than in biochar (176.5 in RSB, 305.6 in SBB). The C/N ratios of the compost and co-composted biochar (11-28.5) were narrower than the corresponding values of biochars (48-90). All amendments increased significantly soil organic carbon content (2.5 in RSC to 5.5 g kg-1 in RSCB), as compared to the non-amended control (1.2 g kg-1). All amendments, particularly RSCB, increased significantly (P < 0.05) the zucchini seed vigor index, dry weight, total chlorophyll content, and root and shoot length, as compared to the control. Moreover, RSCB was the only amendment that showed a positive soil carbon balance. The modified integrated two-way ecological model data also indicated that the co-composted biochar, particularly RSCB, is a promising amendment to improve soil quality and plant growth in sandy arid soils. However, those data should be verified under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab M Farid
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Hanan S Siam
- Plant Nutrition Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H H Abbas
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Safaa A Mahmoud
- Plant Nutrition Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona Tolba
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt; Plant Nutrition Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan H Abbas
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Xing Yang
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
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42
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The Quantity and Composition of Leachate from Hop Plant Biomass during Composting Process. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Technology that would result in a high-quality product with minimal environmental impact throughout the on-site composting process of hop biomass after harvest has not yet been developed. It is crucial to introduce composting practices that do not result in a detrimental leachate impact. Three different composting procedures that vary in terms of initial biomass particle size, additives, and pile covering were investigated. Each pile was built from 15 t of fresh hop biomass after harvest (leaves and stems), leachate was collected during the composting season (September to the end of April), and biomass was sampled and analyzed to identify good practices as well as gaps that need to be filled. Leachate quantity differed significantly in terms of the composting procedure and time stamps. There was a strong linear correlation between the amount of precipitation and leachate quantity (0.86), NH4 leached amount (0.87), and total N leached amount (0.92), but not the total P amount. The composting procedure had a significant impact on the quantity of the NH4 leached amount. The majority of the NH4 was lost in the second month of composting. The maturation phase was the most critical for NO3 loss since it had the highest amount of leached NO3 and the greatest variances among the composting protocols. Considering leachate it is recommended that a membrane is used at all times during the maturation phase as well as during any heavy precipitation expected in the thermophilic phase. Whether the cover is also needed for the entire duration of the thermophilic phase (due to emission) is a matter of further research.
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Osman AI, Fawzy S, Farghali M, El-Azazy M, Elgarahy AM, Fahim RA, Maksoud MIAA, Ajlan AA, Yousry M, Saleem Y, Rooney DW. Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:2385-2485. [PMID: 35571983 PMCID: PMC9077033 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-022-01424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the context of climate change and the circular economy, biochar has recently found many applications in various sectors as a versatile and recycled material. Here, we review application of biochar-based for carbon sink, covering agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, environmental remediation, construction, and energy storage. The ultimate storage reservoirs for biochar are soils, civil infrastructure, and landfills. Biochar-based fertilisers, which combine traditional fertilisers with biochar as a nutrient carrier, are promising in agronomy. The use of biochar as a feed additive for animals shows benefits in terms of animal growth, gut microbiota, reduced enteric methane production, egg yield, and endo-toxicant mitigation. Biochar enhances anaerobic digestion operations, primarily for biogas generation and upgrading, performance and sustainability, and the mitigation of inhibitory impurities. In composts, biochar controls the release of greenhouse gases and enhances microbial activity. Co-composted biochar improves soil properties and enhances crop productivity. Pristine and engineered biochar can also be employed for water and soil remediation to remove pollutants. In construction, biochar can be added to cement or asphalt, thus conferring structural and functional advantages. Incorporating biochar in biocomposites improves insulation, electromagnetic radiation protection and moisture control. Finally, synthesising biochar-based materials for energy storage applications requires additional functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - Samer Fawzy
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - Mohamed Farghali
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Hygiene and Environmental Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Azazy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed M. Elgarahy
- Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Egyptian Propylene and Polypropylene Company (EPPC), Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Ramy Amer Fahim
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - M. I. A. Abdel Maksoud
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abbas Abdullah Ajlan
- Department of Chemistry -Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, P.O.Box 6803, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Mahmoud Yousry
- Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651 Egypt
- Cemart for Building Materials and Insulation, postcode 11765, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Saleem
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Water Science, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - David W. Rooney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
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Zhao W, Yang H, He S, Zhao Q, Wei L. A review of biochar in anaerobic digestion to improve biogas production: Performances, mechanisms and economic assessments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125797. [PMID: 34433116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology still faces some challenges including low methane productivity, instable operation efficiency and undesired refractory substances degradation. Biochar has recently been recognized as a promising alternative addition in AD process to enhance methane production. Based on VOSviewer analysis, this review presents a comprehensive summarizing of the applications, performances, and economies of biochar strategies in AD system. Firstly, typical production processes of biochar and its main characteristics including adsorption and immobilization ability, buffering ability and electron transfer ability were evaluated. Then, the applications of biochar in AD and its improving effects on biogas production/purification were summarized. Accordingly, the corresponding mechanisms of biochar addition in AD for digestion efficiency improvement were elucidated. Finally, the economic and environmental feasibilities of application biochar in AD, as well as prospective future studies were summarized. Through an overview of biochar in AD system, this paper aims to promote its widely practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Haizhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shufei He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Liu Q, Xu R, Yan C, Han L, Lei H, Ruan R, Zhang X. Fast hydrothermal co-liquefaction of corn stover and cow manure for biocrude and hydrochar production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125630. [PMID: 34325395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fast Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has emerged as a versatile means of converting wet biomass into bio-crude oil. This study was aimed to explore a fast hydrothermal co-liquefaction (co-HTL) platform to valorize corn stover and cow manure by evaluating several reaction parameters (i.e., residence time, reaction temperature, and feedstocks mass ratio). The highest yield (over 24 wt%) of bio-crude oil was achieved under the moderate condition (400 °C, 16 min, and the mass ratio of 1:1). The Higher heating value (HHV) of bio-crude oil was around 34 MJ/kg. Up to 43% of selectivity toward phenols in bio-crude oil was gained from fast co-HTL maintained for 30 min. The properties of hydrochar were comprehensively characterized by CHNS elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The highest HHV of hydrochar was 27.31 MJ/kg, suggesting the high potential as a solid fuel. CO2 as the dominant gaseous fraction were identified and quantified by GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liu
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruolan Xu
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cuiqiang Yan
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lujia Han
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Kurniawan SB, Ahmad A, Said NSM, Imron MF, Abdullah SRS, Othman AR, Purwanti IF, Hasan HA. Macrophytes as wastewater treatment agents: Nutrient uptake and potential of produced biomass utilization toward circular economy initiatives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148219. [PMID: 34380263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrophytes have been widely used as agents in wastewater treatment. The involvement of plants in wastewater treatment cannot be separated from wetland utilization. As one of the green technologies in wastewater treatment plants, wetland exhibits a great performance, especially in removing nutrients from wastewater before the final discharge. It involves the use of plants and consequently produces plant biomasses as treatment byproducts. The produced plant biomasses can be utilized or converted into several valuable compounds, but related information is still limited and scattered. This review summarizes wastewater's nutrient content (macro and micronutrient) that can support plant growth and the performance of constructed wetland (CW) in performing nutrient uptake by using macrophytes as treatment agents. This paper further discusses the potential of the utilization of the produced plant biomasses as bioenergy production materials, including bioethanol, biohydrogen, biogas, and biodiesel. This paper also highlights the conversion of plant biomasses into animal feed, biochar, adsorbent, and fertilizer, which may support clean production and circular economy efforts. The presented review aims to emphasize and explore the utilization of plant biomasses and their conversion into valuable products, which may solve problems related to plant biomass handling during the adoption of CW in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setyo Budi Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Azmi Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Polytechnic Education and Community College, Ministry of Higher Education, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Sakinah Mohd Said
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Fauzul Imron
- Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jalan Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Razi Othman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ipung Fitri Purwanti
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Planning, and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ball-milled biochar incorporated polydopamine thin-film composite (PDA/TFC) membrane for high-flux separation of tetracyclic antibiotics from wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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Abd El-Mageed TA, Abdelkhalik A, Abd El-Mageed SA, Semida WM. Co-composted Poultry Litter Biochar Enhanced Soil Quality and Eggplant Productivity Under Different Irrigation Regimes. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 2021; 21:1917-1933. [DOI: 10.1007/s42729-021-00490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Alshehrei F, Ameen F. Vermicomposting: A management tool to mitigate solid waste. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3284-3293. [PMID: 34121866 PMCID: PMC8176053 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid waste management is a serious ecological problem in Saudi Arabia due to rapid industrialization, population growth and urbanization. Recycling and sorting are in their infancy in Saudi Arabia and huge amounts of mixed household and industrial wastes are still dumped without any pre-treatment. Solid waste management techniques such as incineration, pyrolysis and gasification have high investment costs. Composting and vermicomposting of solid organic waste have been considered as an economically viable and sustainable waste management technologies. However, wastes often contain pollutants, such as heavy metals that are toxic to decomposer micro-organisms. Thus, heavy metals are a challenge for the successful biological treatments. Waste may also contain a mixture of organic pollutants that certain microbes, such as micro-algae are known to degrade. The present review paper focuses on understanding the role of vermicomposting as a management tool in mitigating solid organic wastes. It is noteworthy to mention that the microbes also play a pivotal role in the degradation process, wherein the enzymes secreted during the process aid in decomposition of complex molecules into simpler compounds. Also, the extracellular polymeric substance secreted by the earthworm under metal stress serves a source of nutrient for the bacteria to flourish. Henceforth the goal of discussion in present review shows the way forward in using vermicomposting as a novel approach in dealing with solid organic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Alshehrei
- Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O Box 7388, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122410668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost. This study was aimed to investigate the optimum ratio of khat straw (Catha edulis) biochar and organic municipal solid waste mixtures to improve the quality of the resulting co-composts. Khat-derived biochar during pyrolysis at 350 °C was added to organic municipal solid waste mix and four co-composting treatments were prepared with the compositions (% w/w): control compost (no biochar) and 5%, 15%, and 25% co-composted biochar in three replicates. The total organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium values ranged as 16.76–21.45%, 30.77–40.26%, 0.97–1.68%, 0.58–0.76%, and 12.72–15.29%, respectively. The results confirmed that 5% and 15% co-composted khat biochars had significantly reduced (p < 0.05) organic matter loss and increased the contents of cation exchange capacity, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to the control compost, while some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Mn) and EC values in co-composted biochars are lower than the control compost. Khat-derived biochar could be added to municipal organic waste mix at 5–15% (w/w) in order to get better quality of compost, which can be used as biofertilizer.
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