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Newman BK, Velayudan A, Petrović M, Álvarez-Muñoz D, Čelić M, Oelofse G, Colenbrander D, le Roux M, Ndungu K, Madikizela LM, Chimuka L, Richards H. Occurrence and potential hazard posed by pharmaceutically active compounds in coastal waters in Cape Town, South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174800. [PMID: 39009155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of 58 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in surface water at 28 coastal and five river sites, and in two stormwater flows in Cape Town, South Africa, was investigated in winter and summer. After accounting for quality assurance and control data, 33 PhACs were considered in detail. In winter, 25 PhACs were found at one or more sites and 27 in summer. Salicylic acid was the most widespread PhAC in each season. At least one PhAC was found at each site in each survey. The largest number found at a site was 22 at Lifebox23 Beach in winter and 23 at Macassar Beach and in the Black and Diep Rivers in summer. These sites are strongly directly or indirectly affected by wastewater treatment plant discharges. The range in ΣPhAC concentrations was 41 ng L-1 to 9.3 μg L-1 in winter and 109 ng L-1 to 18.9 μg L-1 in summer. The hazard posed by PhACs was estimated using Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNEC) from several sources. Hazard Quotients (HQs) for numerous PhACs were >1, and for several even >10, including azithromycin, cimetidine, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and ibuprofen. The highest hazards were at coastal sites strongly indirectly affected by wastewater treatment plant discharges. Azithromycin, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole at some sites may have promoted antibiotic resistance in bacteria, while irbesartan at some sites might have posed a hazard to fish according to the fish plasma model. The concentrations of several PhACs at some coastal sites are higher than concentrations reported in estuarine, coastal, and marine waters in other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Kenneth Newman
- Coastal Systems and Earth Observation Research Group, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Postnet Suite 367, Private Bag X10, Musgrave Road, Durban 4062, South Africa.; Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa.
| | - Anisha Velayudan
- Coastal Systems and Earth Observation Research Group, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Postnet Suite 367, Private Bag X10, Musgrave Road, Durban 4062, South Africa
| | - Mira Petrović
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-CERCA, C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Álvarez-Muñoz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-CERCA, C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Mira Čelić
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-CERCA, C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Gregg Oelofse
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, P.O. Box 16548, Vlaeberg, Cape Town 8018, South Africa
| | - Darryl Colenbrander
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, P.O. Box 16548, Vlaeberg, Cape Town 8018, South Africa
| | - Maria le Roux
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, P.O. Box 16548, Vlaeberg, Cape Town 8018, South Africa
| | - Kuria Ndungu
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lawrence Mzukisi Madikizela
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa
| | - Luke Chimuka
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Heidi Richards
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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2
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Cardenas Perez AS, Challis JK, Alcaraz AJ, Ji X, Ramirez AVV, Hecker M, Brinkmann M. Developing an Approach for Integrating Chemical Analysis and Transcriptional Changes to Assess Contaminants in Water, Sediment, and Fish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:2252-2273. [PMID: 38801401 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments pose threats to aquatic organisms because of their continuous release and potential accumulation. Monitoring methods for these contaminants are inadequate, with targeted analyses falling short in assessing water quality's impact on biota. The present study advocates for integrated strategies combining suspect and targeted chemical analyses with molecular biomarker approaches to better understand the risks posed by complex chemical mixtures to nontarget organisms. The research aimed to integrate chemical analysis and transcriptome changes in fathead minnows to prioritize contaminants, assess their effects, and apply this strategy in Wascana Creek, Canada. Analysis revealed higher pharmaceutical concentrations downstream of a wastewater-treatment plant, with clozapine being the most abundant in fathead minnows, showing notable bioavailability from water and sediment sources. Considering the importance of bioaccumulation factor and biota-sediment accumulation factor in risk assessment, these coefficients were calculated based on field data collected during spring, summer, and fall seasons in 2021. Bioaccumulation was classified as very bioaccumulative with values >5000 L kg-1, suggesting the ability of pharmaceuticals to accumulate in aquatic organisms. The study highlighted the intricate relationship between nutrient availability, water quality, and key pathways affected by pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and rubber components. Prioritization of these chemicals was done through suspect analysis, supported by identifying perturbed pathways (specifically signaling and cellular processes) using transcriptomic analysis in exposed fish. This strategy not only aids in environmental risk assessment but also serves as a practical model for other watersheds, streamlining risk-assessment processes to identify environmental hazards and work toward reducing risks from contaminants of emerging concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2252-2273. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sharelys Cardenas Perez
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Challis
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alper James Alcaraz
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- Division of Environmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexis Valerio Valery Ramirez
- Grupo de investigación Agrícola y Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, San Cristóbal, Venezuela
| | - Markus Hecker
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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3
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Beltrán de Heredia I, González-Gaya B, Zuloaga O, Garrido I, Acosta T, Etxebarria N, Ruiz-Romera E. Occurrence of emerging contaminants in three river basins impacted by wastewater treatment plant effluents: Spatio-seasonal patterns and environmental risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174062. [PMID: 38917906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The concern on the fate and distribution of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is a burning topic due to their widespread occurrence and potential harmful effects. Particularly, antibiotics have received great attention due to their implications in antimicrobial resistance occurrence. The impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is remarkable, being one of the main pathways for the introduction of CECs into aquatic systems. The combination of novel analytical methodologies and risk assessment strategies is a promising tool to find out environmentally relevant compounds posing major concerns in freshwater ecosystems impacted by those wastewater effluents. Within this context, a multi-target approach was applied in three Spanish river basins affected by different WWTP treated effluents for spatio-temporal monitoring of their chemical status. Solid phase extraction followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography were used for the quantification of a large panel of compounds (n = 270), including pharmaceuticals and other consumer products, pesticides and industrial chemicals. To this end, water samples were collected in four sampling campaigns at three locations in each basin: (i) upstream from the WWTPs; (ii) WWTP effluent discharge points (effluent outfall); and (iii) downstream from the WWTPs (500 m downriver from the effluent outfall). Likewise, 24-h composite effluent samples from each of the WWTPs were provided in all sampling periods. First the occurrence and distribution of these compounds were assessed. Diverse seasonal trends were observed depending on the group of emerging compounds, though COVID-19 outbreak affected variations of certain pharmaceuticals. Detection frequencies and concentrations in effluents generally exceeded those in river samples and concentrations measured upstream WWTPs were generally low or non-quantifiable. Finally, risks associated with maximum contamination levels were evaluated using two different approaches to account for antibiotic resistance selection as well. From all studied compounds, 89 evidenced environmental risk on at least one occasion in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Beltrán de Heredia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Belén González-Gaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Olatz Zuloaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Itziar Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Teresa Acosta
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Fernández-García A, Martínez-Piernas AB, Moreno-González D, Gilbert-López B, García-Reyes JF. Chemical profiling of organic contaminants in rural surface waters combining target and non-target LC-HRMS/MS analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176587. [PMID: 39343398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of natural waters by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is one of the pressing problems due to their global distribution and potential negative effects on the environment and human health. In rural areas with lower population density and limited industrial development, less contamination is expected. However, the lack of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or their poor removal efficiency can lead to significant input of pollutants. In this context, 11 streams of rural areas in the Guadalquivir River basin, southeast of Spain, were studied over two years to obtain an overview of the origin and distribution of contaminants. A target method using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was developed for the analysis of 316 compounds in surface waters. A total of 78 target analytes were detected, comprising pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), transformation products (TPs), and industrial chemicals. The flame retardant tributyl phosphate (16-3572 ng L-1) was detected in all samples, followed by caffeine (30-8090 ng L-1) and the analgesic tramadol (3-1493 ng L-1). The target approach was combined with a non-target analysis (NTA) strategy to obtain an overall perspective of the chemical profile of unexpected or unknown compounds in the samples. Up to 79 contaminants were tentatively identified, and 12 of them were finally confirmed with standards. Most of the contaminants determined by NTA were pharmaceuticals and their TPs. The results indicated that most of CECs have an urban origin despite traditional agriculture is the main economic activity in this region. Moreover, the absence of WWTPs in small towns is significant, as contamination levels at these sites were comparable to or higher than those in larger populations with sewage treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Fernández-García
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group (FQM 323), Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas edif. B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil (INUO), University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana B Martínez-Piernas
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group (FQM 323), Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas edif. B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil (INUO), University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
| | - David Moreno-González
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group (FQM 323), Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas edif. B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil (INUO), University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group (FQM 323), Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas edif. B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil (INUO), University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group (FQM 323), Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas edif. B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil (INUO), University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Soriano Y, Carmona E, Renovell J, Picó Y, Brack W, Krauss M, Backhaus T, Inostroza PA. Co-occurrence and spatial distribution of organic micropollutants in surface waters of the River Aconcagua and Maipo basins in Central Chile. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176314. [PMID: 39306134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic Micropollutants (OMPs) might pose significant risks to aquatic life and have potential toxic effects on humans. These chemicals typically occur as complex mixtures rather than individually. Information on their co-occurrence and their association with land use is largely lacking, even in industrialized countries. Furthermore, data on the presence of OMPs in freshwater ecosystems in South America is insufficient. Consequently, we assessed the co-occurrence and distribution of OMPs, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, surfactants, and other industrial OMPs, in surface waters of two river basins in central Chile. We focused on identifying and ranking quantified chemicals, classifying their mode of actions, as well as correlating their occurrence with distinct land uses. We identified and quantified 311 compounds that occurred at least once in the River Aconcagua and River Maipo basins, encompassing compounds from urban, agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical sectors. Pharmaceuticals were the most frequently occurring chemicals, followed by pesticides, personal care and household products. OMPs with neuroactive properties dominated surface waters in Central Chile, along with OMPs known to alter the cardiovascular and endocrine systems of humans and aquatic animals. Finally, we observed positive correlations between agricultural and urban land uses and OMPs. Our findings represent a step forward in extending current knowledge on the co-occurrence patterns of OMPs in aquatic environments, particularly in developing countries of the southern hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Soriano
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE) CSIC-GV-UV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric Carmona
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Javier Renovell
- Soil and water conservation system group, Desertification Research Centre-CIDE (CSIC, GV, UV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE) CSIC-GV-UV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pedro A Inostroza
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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6
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Muambo KE, Kim MG, Kim DH, Park S, Oh JE. Pharmaceuticals in raw and treated water from drinking water treatment plants nationwide: Insights into their sources and exposure risk assessment. WATER RESEARCH X 2024; 24:100256. [PMID: 39291270 PMCID: PMC11406100 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Due to the large amounts of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) currently being consumed and released into the environment, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of pharmaceutical pollution in both raw and treated water from full-scale drinking water treatment plants nationwide. Our investigation revealed that 30 out of 37 PPCPs were present in raw water with mean concentrations ranging from 0.01-131 ng/L. The raw water sources, surface water (ND - 147 ng/L), subsurface water (ND - 123 ng/L) and reservoir sources (ND - 135 ng/L) exhibited higher mean concentration levels of pharmaceutical residues compared to groundwater sources (ND - 1.89 ng/L). Meanwhile, in treated water, 17 of the 37 analyzed PPCPs were present with carbamazepine, clarithromycin, fluconazole, telmisartan, valsartan, and cotinine being the most common (detection frequency > 40 %), and having mean concentrations of 1.22, 0.12, 3.48, 40.1, 6.36, and 3.73 ng/L, respectively. These findings highlight that, while water treatment processes are effective, there are some persistent compounds that prove challenging to fully eliminate. Using Monte Carlo simulations, risk assessment indicated that most of these compounds are likely to have negligible impact on human health, except for the antihypertensives. Telmisartan was identified as posing the highest ecological risk (RQ > 1), warranting further investigation, and monitoring. The study concludes by prioritizing specific 14 pharmaceuticals, including telmisartan, clarithromycin, lamotrigine, cotinine, lidocaine, tramadol, and others, for future monitoring to safeguard both ecological and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Etombi Muambo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyeong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Park
- Department of Environmental Infrastructure Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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7
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Matovelle C, Quinteros M, Quinteros KS, Jaramillo K. Water quality assessment methods of the highland Andean rivers: A scoping systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30552. [PMID: 38726190 PMCID: PMC11079317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Water is a resource that influences sustainable development in different ways in social, economic, and environmental aspects, being the Andes the major provider of this resource. However, they have been affected mainly by anthropogenic activities due to the proximity of settlements in the watersheds, so they tend to have more significant contamination, and their evaluation is essential to mitigate problems for those who consume them. However, despite being a fundamental resource and one of the main contributors of water, it is not so studied, so the present study aims to determine the studies based on the water quality of the high mountain rivers of the Andes by using a PRISMA methodology with the scoping review extension, based on search techniques, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and monitoring tables, in order to maintain a line of research attached to the objective of the study. After using the methodology, ten articles were obtained, which were analyzed after a bibliometric analysis to determine features of interest, such as countries in which the studies were carried out, years of publication, methodologies used, and authors' consensus. High Andean rivers' importance, the need for more studies within these areas, and the lack of suitable indexes for these unique ecosystems are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matovelle
- Universidad Católica de Cuenca, HYDROLAB, Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CIITT), Ecuador
- Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Grupo de Investigación, Ambiente Ciencia y Energía, Ecuador
| | - María Quinteros
- Universidad Católica de Cuenca, HYDROLAB, Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CIITT), Ecuador
| | - Karen Sofía Quinteros
- Universidad Católica de Cuenca, HYDROLAB, Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CIITT), Ecuador
| | - Karla Jaramillo
- Universidad Católica de Cuenca, HYDROLAB, Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CIITT), Ecuador
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8
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Castaño-Ortiz JM, Gago-Ferrero P, Barceló D, Rodríguez-Mozaz S, Gil-Solsona R. HRMS-based suspect screening of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in multiple environmental compartments: An alternative to target analysis? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:132974. [PMID: 38218030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The comprehensive monitoring of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in the environment is challenging given the myriad of substances continuously discharged, the increasing number of new compounds being produced (and released), or the variety of the associated human metabolites and transformation products (TPs). Approaches such as high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based suspect analysis have emerged to overcome the drawbacks of classical target analytical methods, e.g., restricted chemical coverage. In this study, we assess the readiness of HRMS-based suspect screening to replace or rather complement target methodologies by comparing the performance of both approaches in terms of i) detection of PhACs in various environmental samples (water, sediments, biofilm, fish plasma, muscle and liver) in a field study; ii) PhACs (semi)quantification and iii) prediction of their environmental risks. Our findings revealed that target strategies alone significantly underestimate the variety of PhACs potentially impacting the environment. However, relying solely on suspect strategies can misjudge the presence and risk of low-level but potentially risky PhACs. Additionally, semiquantitative approaches, despite slightly overestimating concentrations, can provide a realistic overview of PhACs concentrations. Hence, it is recommended to adopt a combined strategy that first evaluates suspected threats and subsequently includes the relevant ones in the established target methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Castaño-Ortiz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C/ Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Pablo Gago-Ferrero
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) Severo Ochoa Excellence Centre, Department of Environmental Chemistry, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C/ Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) Severo Ochoa Excellence Centre, Department of Environmental Chemistry, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C/ Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Ruben Gil-Solsona
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C/ Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) Severo Ochoa Excellence Centre, Department of Environmental Chemistry, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Amador P, Vega C, Navarro Pacheco NI, Moratalla-López J, Palacios J, Crettaz Minaglia MC, López I, Díaz M, Rico A. Effects of the fungicide azoxystrobin in two habitats representative of mediterranean coastal wetlands: A mesocosm experiment. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 267:106828. [PMID: 38176168 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of the fungicide azoxystrobin, a compound widely used in rice farming, on aquatic communities representative of two habitats characteristic of Mediterranean wetland ecosystems: water springs and eutrophic lake waters. The long-term effects of azoxystrobin were evaluated on several structural (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrate populations and communities) and functional (microbial decomposition, macrophyte and periphyton growth) parameters making use of freshwater mesocosms. Azoxystrobin was applied in two pulses of 2, 20, 200 µg/L separated by 14 d using the commercial product ORTIVA (23 % azoxystrobin w/w). The results show that these two habitats responded differently to the fungicide application due to their distinct physico-chemical, functional, and structural characteristics. Although overall sensitivity was found to be similar between the two (lowest NOEC < 2 µg/L), the taxa and processes that were affected differed substantially. In general, the most sensitive species to the fungicide were found in the water spring mesocosms, with some species of phytoplankton (Nitzschia sp.) or macrocrustaceans (Echinogammarus sp. and Dugastella valentina) being significantly affected at 2 µg/L. In the eutrophic lake mesocosms, effects were found on phytoplankton taxa (Desmodesmus sp. and Coelastrum sp.), on numerous zooplankton taxa, on chironomids and on the beetle Colymbetes fuscus, although at higher concentrations. The hemipteran Micronecta scholtzi was affected in both treatments. In addition, functional parameters such as organic matter decomposition or macrophyte growth were also affected at relatively low concentrations (NOEC 2 µg/L). Structural Equation Modelling was used to shed light on the indirect effects caused by azoxystrobin on the ecosystem. These results show that azoxystrobin is likely to pose structural and functional effects on Mediterranean wetland ecosystems at environmentally relevant concentrations. Moreover, it highlights the need to consider habitat-specific features when conducting ecotoxicological research at the population and community levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Amador
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Constanza Vega
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Av. Punto Com 2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Natividad Isael Navarro Pacheco
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jesús Moratalla-López
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jose Palacios
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Melina Celeste Crettaz Minaglia
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Av. Punto Com 2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Isabel López
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Av. Punto Com 2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Mónica Díaz
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Av. Punto Com 2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Andreu Rico
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain; IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Av. Punto Com 2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spain.
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10
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Su D, Wei Y, Chelimuge, Ma Y, Chen Y, Liu Z, Ben W, Wang Y. Distribution, ecological risks and priority of pharmaceuticals in the coastal water of Qinhuangdao, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167955. [PMID: 37875199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Although there has been a surge of interest in research focused on the presence of pharmaceuticals in the marine environment, study on the distribution and risks of pharmaceuticals in coastal waters remains inadequately documented due to the specific features of the marine environment, such as strong dilution, high salinity, and complex hydrodynamics. In this study, thirty pharmaceuticals with diverse physicochemical properties were analyzed in a coastal sea with low hydrodynamic energy caused by various artificial structures. The results indicate that 14 compounds were detected in seawater, with concentrations ranging from <1 to 201.4 ng L-1, among which caffeine, metoprolol, and atenolol were detected at high levels. Statistical analysis reveals the prevalence of the most target pharmaceuticals with downward trends in concentrations from estuary to offshore region, demonstrating the significant impacts of riverine inputs on the coastal water. Nevertheless, the distribution patterns of caffeine and atenolol were intricate, suggesting that they may have also originated from other unknown sources. A newly-developed method combining risk quotient (RQ) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models was used in ecological risk assessment. The results indicate generally higher risks of target pharmaceuticals in the estuary compared to the offshore region, with caffeine, carbamazepine, and norfloxacin identified as the top three priority pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Su
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Yuhong Wei
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Chelimuge
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China.
| | - Weiwei Ben
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuang-qing Road, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Research Center for Marine Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics, Resources and Environments, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
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11
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Li B, Xu D, Zhou X, Yin Y, Feng L, Liu Y, Zhang L. Environmental behaviors of emerging contaminants in freshwater ecosystem dominated by submerged plants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115709. [PMID: 36933641 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent exposure of emerging contaminants (ECs) in freshwater ecosystem has initiated intense global concerns. Freshwater ecosystem dominated by submerged plants (SP-FES) has been widely constructed to control eutrophic water. However, the environmental behaviors (e.g. migration, transformation, and degradation) of ECs in SP-FES have rarely been concerned and summarized. This review briefly introduced the sources of ECs, the pathways of ECs entering into SP-FES, and the constituent elements of SP-FES. And then the environmental behaviors of dissolved ECs and refractory solid ECs in SP-FES were comprehensively summarized, and the feasibility of removing ECs from SP-FES was critically evaluated. Finally, the challenges and perspectives on the future development for ECs removal from SP-FES were prospected, giving possible research gaps and key directions. This review will provide theoretical and technical support for the effective removal of ECs in freshwater ecosystem, especially in SP-FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhang Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yijun Yin
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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12
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Lopez-Herguedas N, Irazola M, Alvarez-Mora I, Orive G, Lertxundi U, Olivares M, Zuloaga O, Prieto A. Comprehensive micropollutant characterization of wastewater during Covid-19 crisis in 2020: Suspect screening and environmental risk prioritization strategy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162281. [PMID: 36822422 PMCID: PMC9943555 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants monitoring in wastewater can serve as a picture of what is consuming society and how it can impact the aquatic environment. In this work, a suspect screening approach was used to detect the known and unknown contaminants in wastewater samples collected from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the Basque Country (Crispijana in Alava, and Galindo in Vizcaya) during two weekly sampling campaigns, which included the months from April to July 2020, part of the confinement period caused by COVID-19. To that aim, high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to collect full-scan data-dependent tandem mass spectra from the water samples using a suspect database containing >40,000 chemical substances. The presence of > 80 contaminants was confirmed (level 1) and quantified in both WWTP samples, while at least 47 compounds were tentatively identified (2a). Among the contaminants of concern, an increase in the occurrence of some compounds used for COVID-19 disease treatment, such as lopinavir and hydroxychloroquine, was observed during the lockdown. A prioritization strategy for environmental risk assessment was carried out considering only the compounds quantified in the effluents of Crispijana and Galindo WWTPs. The compounds were scored based on the removal efficiency, estimated persistency, bioconcentration factor, mobility, toxicity potential and frequency of detection in the samples. With this approach, 33 compounds (e.g. amantadine, clozapine or lopinavir) were found to be considered key contaminants in the analyzed samples based on their concentration, occurrence and potential toxicity. Additionally, antimicrobial (RQ-AR) and antiviral (EDRP) risk of certain compounds was evaluated, where ciprofloxacin and fluconazole represented medium risk for antibiotic resistance (1 > RQ-AR > 0.1) in the aquatic ecosystems. Regarding mixture toxicity, the computed sum of toxic unit values of the different effluents (> 1) suggest that interactions between the compounds need to be considered for future environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lopez-Herguedas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - M Irazola
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Alvarez-Mora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - G Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - U Lertxundi
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba Mental Health Network, Araba Psychiatric Hospital, Pharmacy Service, c/Alava 43, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava, Spain
| | - M Olivares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - O Zuloaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A Prieto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
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13
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Ciccarelli D, Christopher Braddock D, Surman AJ, Arenas BIV, Salal T, Marczylo T, Vineis P, Barron LP. Enhanced selectivity for acidic contaminants in drinking water: From suspect screening to toxicity prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130906. [PMID: 36764252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel analytical workflow for suspect screening of organic acidic contaminants in drinking water is presented, featuring selective extraction by silica-based strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction, mixed-mode liquid chromatography-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), peak detection, feature reduction and compound identification. The novel use of an ammonium bicarbonate-based elution solvent extended strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction applicability to LC-HRMS of strong acids. This approach performed with consistently higher recovery and repeatability (88 ± 7 % at 500 ng L-1), improved selectivity and lower matrix interference (mean = 12 %) over a generic mixed-mode weak anion exchange SPE method. In addition, a novel filter for reducing full-scan features from fulvic and humic acids was successfully introduced, reducing workload and potential for false positives. The workflow was then applied to 10 London municipal drinking water samples, revealing the presence of 22 confirmed and 37 tentatively identified substances. Several poorly investigated and potentially harmful compounds were found which included halogenated hydroxy-cyclopentene-diones and dibromomethanesulfonic acid. Some of these compounds have been reported as mutagenic in test systems and thus their presence here requires further investigation. Overall, this approach demonstrated that employing selective extraction improved detection and helped shortlist suspects and potentially toxic chemical contaminants with higher confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ciccarelli
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Surman
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
| | | | - Tara Salal
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Science Campus, Femi Avenue, Harwell, Didcot OX11 0GD, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Leon P Barron
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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14
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Sun J, Ke Z, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Chen Y, Tang J. Pharmaceutical active compounds in a heavily industrialized and urbanized bay, Eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:51624-51637. [PMID: 36811780 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bays are transition zones connecting freshwater ecosystems and marine ecosystems, and they are strongly influenced by intensive human activities. Pharmaceuticals are of concern in bay aquatic environments because of their potential threat to marine food web. We studied the occurrence, spatial distribution, and ecological risks of 34 pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in Xiangshan Bay, a heavily industrialized and urbanized area in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. PhACs were ubiquitously detected in the coastal waters of the study area. A total of twenty-nine compounds were detected in at least one sample. Carbamazepine, lincomycin, diltiazem, propranolol, venlafaxine, anhydro erythromycin, and ofloxacin had the highest detection rate (≥ 93%). These compounds were detected with maximum concentrations of 31, 127, 0.52, 1.96, 2.98, 75, and 98 ng/L, respectively. Human pollution activities included marine aquacultural discharge and effluents from the local sewage treatment plants. These activities were the most influential sources in this study area based on principal component analysis. Lincomycin was an indicator of veterinary pollution of coastal aquatic environment, and the concentrations of lincomycin were positively related to the total phosphorus in this area (r = 0.28, p < 0.05). Typical PhACs such as venlafaxine, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, roxithromycin, and clarithromycin were significantly and positively correlated with nitrate and total nitrogen (r > 0.26, p < 0.05) based on Pearson's correlation analysis. Carbamazepine was negatively correlated with salinity (r < - 0.30, p < 0.01). Land use pattern was also correlated with the occurrence and distribution of PhACs in the Xiangshan Bay. Some PhACs, i.e., ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, carbamazepine, and amitriptyline posed medium to high ecological risks to this coastal environment. The results of this study could be helpful to understand the levels of pharmaceuticals, potential sources, and ecological risks in marine aquacultural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Ziyan Ke
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Qin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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15
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Lu S, Wang J, Wang B, Xin M, Lin C, Gu X, Lian M, Li Y. Comprehensive profiling of the distribution, risks and priority of pharmaceuticals and personal care products: A large-scale study from rivers to coastal seas. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 230:119591. [PMID: 36638740 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have captured global concern due to their detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. Thirty PPCPs were analyzed in the water of the Jiaozhou Bay watershed, the Yellow Sea (YS) and the East China Sea (ECS) in China to investigate the distribution and risk of PPCPs from rivers to coastal seas, which are not yet well documented. The results showed the prevalence of the target PPCPs with a downward trend in detection frequencies and total concentrations from rivers (675 ng/L on average) to bay (166 ng/L) and to coastal seas (103 ng/L). Antibiotics and personal care products (PCPs) were dominated by amoxicillin (AMOX) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, respectively, while the dominant estrogens were inconsistent in different regions. Spatially, the total PPCP concentrations were higher in the ECS than that in the YS due to the larger quantity of sewage flowing into the ECS. Additionally, higher total PPCP concentrations were appeared in the southeastern waters outside the Yangtze estuary and Hangzhou Bay of the ECS. The PPCP mixtures might pose medium to high risk to aquatic organisms in general. The total risk quotient (RQT) of antibiotics and PCPs to algae was higher than that to crustacean and fish, while estrogens may cause the greatest damage to fish. Despite the higher PPCP concentrations in river water than in seawater, the RQT of PPCPs in bay water was generally higher than that in river water, which may be associated with the susceptibility of marine organisms. Furthermore, the high-risk pollutants that need special concern in different regions were clarified, showing that AMOX, 17ß-estradiol, and estriol deserve the highest-priority in rivers, bay, and coastal waters, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Baodong Wang
- First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ming Xin
- First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiang Gu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Maoshan Lian
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yun Li
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Arsand JB, Dallegrave A, Jank L, Feijo T, Perin M, Hoff RB, Arenzon A, Gomes A, Pizzolato TM. Spatial-temporal occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern in urban rivers in southern Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136814. [PMID: 36283426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use and misuse of antibiotics and pesticides has been linked with several risks to the environment and human health. In the present report, the results of the monitoring of 64 pharmaceuticals and 134 pesticides occurrence in an urban river in Southern Brazil are presented and discussed. Sampling campaigns have covered the period 2016-2018. The identification and determination of the analytes were achieved by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The data were analyzed using chemometric tools to obtain spatial-temporal models. Toxicological evaluation was achieved using acute toxicity (zebrafish standardized protocol), and determination of risk quotient. Within the 198 analytes included in the targeted analysis method for surface water, 33 were identified in an urban river during 2 years of monitoring, being 20 pharmaceuticals and 13 pesticides. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, a suspect screening approach was established in an un-target analysis. The evaluation was carried out using a data bank built from consumption data of drugs and pesticides, in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre - RS and their respective metabolites. The suspect screening analysis done with a data bank with more than 1450 compounds results in 27 suspect findings. The target analysis results showed a continuous prevalence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, analgesics, antipyretics, beta-blockers, corticoids, and antibiotics. Regarding the pesticides, the main classes were fungicides, especially those from triazol and strobilurin classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bazzan Arsand
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Dallegrave
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Louíse Jank
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, ZIP 91780-580, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Feijo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Perin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, ZIP 91780-580, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barcellos Hoff
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Do Brasil, Rua João Grumiche 117, ZIP 88102-600, São José, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Arenzon
- Centro de Ecologia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriano Gomes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Pizzolato
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Carrizo JC, Vo Duy S, Munoz G, Marconi G, Amé MV, Sauvé S. Suspect screening of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, pesticides, and other emerging contaminants in Argentinean Piaractus mesopotamicus, a fish species used for local consumption and export. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136769. [PMID: 36209849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The widespread distribution of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is a major concern due to their potential effects on human health and the environment. The insufficient sewage treatment plant infrastructures is a global problem most accentuated in less developed countries and results in the discharge of CECs to water bodies. Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a ray-finned freshwater fish species native to the Paraná basin. It is also the most produced aquaculture fish species in Argentina since 2012. Though uninvestigated to date, the occurrence of CECs in pacu may be of high relevance due to production volumes and relevance to human exposure through fish consumption. In this study, we applied a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method to qualitatively analyze over 100 CECs in pacu. Four extraction/cleanup methods were tested on pooled pacu fillet, including solid-phase extraction and QuEChERS. The method that produced the highest number of detections was selected for further analysis of pacu purchased in supermarkets and fish markets in Argentina between 2017 and 2020. Residues of pesticides, antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, plasticizers, sweeteners, drug metabolites, stimulants, and illegal drugs were detected in the samples. A total of 38 CECs were detected, ranging between 24 and 35 CECs per individual sample. 100% of the samples had positive detections of caffeine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, xanthine, benzoylecgonine, methylparaben, ethylparaben, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), metolachlor, carbendazim, salicylic acid, 2,4-D, saccharin, cyclamate, and dodecanedioic acid. Mappings generated with correspondence analysis were used to explore similarities/dissimilarities among the detected compounds. To our knowledge this is the first report of saccharin, cyclamate, 2,4 - D, carbendazim, metolachlor, ethylparaben, propylparben, bisphenol A, DEHP, and benzotriazole in fish from Argentina, and the first report on the presence of lisinopril, metropolol acid and dodecanedioic acid in fish worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cruz Carrizo
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; CONICET, CIBICI and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sung Vo Duy
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Munoz
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guido Marconi
- CONICET, CIBICI and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Valeria Amé
- CONICET, CIBICI and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Vera-Herrera L, Araújo CVM, Cordero-de-Castro A, Blasco J, Picó Y. Assessing the colonization by Daphnia magna of pesticide-disturbed habitats (chlorpyrifos, terbuthylazine and their mixtures) and the behavioral and neurotoxic effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119983. [PMID: 35988674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spread of pesticides in water bodies integrated into agricultural landscapes may prevent some areas from being colonized. In this study, the effects on the colonization responses of D. magna exerted by gradients of realistic environmental concentrations of the pesticides chlorpyrifos, terbuthylazine and their mixtures were tested in a novel multicompartment non-forced exposure system. Furthermore, the effects of both pesticides and their mixtures on the swimming behavior and the neurotransmission activity of D. magna were analyzed using a traditional forced exposure system. The synthesis and concentration of the main environmental metabolites of terbuthylazine were also analyzed. Results confirmed that D. magna exposed to mixture gradients were able to detect the pollutants and their colonization dynamics were drastically inhibited. The swimming behavior increased in D. magna exposed to the highest concentration of the mixture treatment. AChE activity was only significantly inhibited in the D. magna exposed to the highest concentration of chlorpyrifos. Changes in swimming behavior could not be directly related to the effects on AChE. Furthermore, the synthesis of the metabolite terbuthylazine 2-hydroxy during the course of the experiments was confirmed. These results demonstrate the importance of integrating pesticide mixtures in both non-forced and forced exposure systems during ecotoxicological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Vera-Herrera
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE), CSIC-UV-GV, Moncada-Naquera Road, Km 4.5, 46113, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain.
| | - Andrea Cordero-de-Castro
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain.
| | - Julián Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE), CSIC-UV-GV, Moncada-Naquera Road, Km 4.5, 46113, Valencia, Spain.
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19
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Yu Y, Tian D, Han Y, Huang L, Tang Y, Zhang W, Zhou W, Shi W, Yu Y, Liu G. Impacts of microplastics and carbamazepine on the shell formation of thick-shell mussels and the underlying mechanisms of action. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156442. [PMID: 35660597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Forming calcareous exoskeletons is crucial for the health and survival of calcifiers such as bivalves. However, the impacts of waterborne emergent pollutants on this important process remain largely unknown. In this study, the effects of two types of emergent pollutants, microplastics (MPs) and carbamazepine (CBZ), which are ubiquitously present in ocean environments, on shell formation were assessed in the thick-shell mussel (Mytilus coruscus) with a shell regeneration experiment. In addition, their impacts on the in vivo contents of ATP, Ca2+, carbonic anhydrase (CA), and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2 (BMPR2), the activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and Ca2+-ATPase, and the expression of shell-formation related genes were analyzed. The data collected demonstrated that shell regeneration after mechanical injury was significantly arrested by CBZ and/or MPs. Besides, all the physiological and molecular parameters investigated were markedly suppressed by these two pollutants. Furthermore, synergistic impacts on most of the parameters examined were observed between CBZ and MPs. Our results indicate that these two pollutants may disrupt shell formation by constraining the availability of raw materials and energy, inhibiting the formation of the organic shell matrix, and interfering with the regulation of crystallization, which may have far-reaching impacts on the health of marine calcifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dandan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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20
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Madikizela LM, Ncube S. Health effects and risks associated with the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in marine organisms and seafood. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155780. [PMID: 35537516 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are continuously invading the marine environment due to their input from the land such as their disposal into the drains and sewers which is mostly followed by their transfer into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Their incomplete removal in WWTPs introduces pharmaceuticals into oceans and surface water. To date, various pharmaceuticals and their metabolites have been detected in marine environment. Their occurrence in marine organisms raises concerns regarding toxic effects and development of drug resistant genes. Therefore, it is crucial to review the health effects and risks associated with the presence of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in marine organisms and seafood. This is an important study area which is related to the availability of seafood and its quality. Hence, this study provides a critical review of the information available in literature which relates to the occurrence and toxic effects of pharmaceuticals in marine organisms and seafood. This was initiated through conducting a literature search focussing on articles investigating the occurrence and effects of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in marine organisms and seafood. In general, most studies on the monitoring of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in marine environment are conducted in well developed countries such as Europe while research in developing countries is still limited. Pharmaceuticals present in freshwater are mostly found in seawater and marine organisms. Furthermore, the toxicity caused by different pharmaceutical mixtures was observed to be more severe than that of individual compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mzukisi Madikizela
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Somandla Ncube
- Department of Chemistry, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O Box 60, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
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Cardoso RM, Becker RW, Jachstet LA, Scunderlick D, Dallegrave A, Ruiz-Padillo A, Sirtori C. Qualitative evaluation of pharmaceuticals and metabolites in hospital effluent: Influence of sample preparation technique and outranking by environmental risk using the ELECTRE method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155119. [PMID: 35398122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals and metabolites in effluents has become a serious environmental problem, so it is essential to be able to monitor these microcontaminants using qualitative approaches, as well as to assess the potential environmental risks that such compounds may present. Therefore, in this study, suspect screening analysis was performed of 2030 pharmaceuticals and metabolites in hospital effluent samples, applying different sample preparation techniques. Additionally, a pioneering association of (Q)SAR assessment of identified contaminants with the ELECTRE multi-criteria decision analysis technique made it possible to prioritize analytes according to their environmental risk, in order to enable their inclusion in environmental monitoring programs. The results showed that the most advantageous alternative sample preparation technique consisted of cleanup (100 mg of silica/alumina sorbent) + dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (7.5 of aqueous matrix, 325 μL of chloroform (extracting solvent), and 500 μL of acetonitrile as dispersing solvent). This procedure resulted in the identification of 70 pharmaceuticals and metabolites in the composite sample tested. The suspect screening analysis found a total of 105 microcontaminants, 28 of them being "confirmed compounds" and 77 being "suspect compounds". Of the compounds identified, 87% were pharmaceuticals and 13% were metabolites. The compounds identified were subsequently evaluated using different open access software packages, considering eight endpoints: mobility, persistence, estrogen receptor binding, wastewater treatment plant total removal, biodegradability, PBT (persistent, bioaccumulation and toxic), mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. The (Q)SAR prediction results were used as input data for the ELECTRE outranking method. Categorization of the identified compounds by ELECTRE resulted in the kernel (priority compounds) and a further 19 groups. ELECTRE sensitivity evaluation indicated that for all the cases, the kernel and the following two groups coincided. The categorization provided by the ELECTRE method constitutes a highly intuitive decision and choice tool, which can assist in the selection of compounds if subsequent quantitative analysis is to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Martins Cardoso
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Wielens Becker
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Alves Jachstet
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Davi Scunderlick
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Dallegrave
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Ruiz-Padillo
- Mobility and Logistics Laboratory, Transportation Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Av., 1000 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Sirtori
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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22
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Tong X, You L, Zhang J, He Y, Gin KYH. Advancing prediction of emerging contaminants in a tropical reservoir with general water quality indicators based on a hybrid process and data-driven approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128492. [PMID: 35739673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and predicting the occurrence and dynamic distributions of emerging contaminants (ECs) in the aquatic environment has always been a great challenge. This study aims to explore the potential of fully utilizing the advantages of combining traditional process-based models (PBMs) and data-driven models (DDMs) with general water quality indicators in terms of improving the accuracy and efficiency of predicting ECs in aquatic ecosystems. Two representative ECs, namely Bisphenol A (BPA) and N, N-diethyltoluamide (DEET), in a tropical reservoir were chosen for this study. A total of 36 DDMs based on different input datasets using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Random Forests (RF) were examined in three case studies. The models were applied in prognosis validation based on easily accessible data on water quality indicators. Our results revealed that all the models yielded good fits when compared to the observed data. These new insights into the advantages using the combination of traditional PBMs and DDMs with general water quality datasets help to overcome the constraints in terms of model accuracy and efficiency as well as technical and budget limitations due to monitoring surveys and laboratory experiments in the study of fate and transport of ECs in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuneng Tong
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Luhua You
- E2S2-CREATE, NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create way, Create Tower, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- E2S2-CREATE, NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create way, Create Tower, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Shenzhen Municipal Engineering Lab of Environmental IoT Technologies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; E2S2-CREATE, NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create way, Create Tower, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore.
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23
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From monitoring to treatment, how to improve water quality: The pharmaceuticals case. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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24
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Paszkiewicz M, Godlewska K, Lis H, Caban M, Białk-Bielińska A, Stepnowski P. Advances in suspect screening and non-target analysis of polar emerging contaminants in the environmental monitoring. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Castelo-Branco D, Lockhart SR, Chen YC, Santos DA, Hagen F, Hawkins NJ, Lavergne RA, Meis JF, Le Pape P, Rocha MFG, Sidrim JJC, Arendrup M, Morio F. Collateral consequences of agricultural fungicides on pathogenic yeasts: A One Health perspective to tackle azole resistance. Mycoses 2022; 65:303-311. [PMID: 34821412 PMCID: PMC11268486 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Candida and Cryptococcus affect millions of people yearly, being responsible for a wide array of clinical presentations, including life-threatening diseases. Interestingly, most human pathogenic yeasts are not restricted to the clinical setting, as they are also ubiquitous in the environment. Recent studies raise concern regarding the potential impact of agricultural use of azoles on resistance to medical antifungals in yeasts, as previously outlined with Aspergillus fumigatus. Thus, we undertook a narrative review of the literature and provide lines of evidence suggesting that an alternative, environmental route of azole resistance, may develop in pathogenic yeasts, in addition to patient route. However, it warrants sound evidence to support that pathogenic yeasts cross border between plants, animals and humans and that environmental reservoirs may contribute to azole resistance in Candida or other yeasts for humans. As these possibilities could concern public health, we propose a road map for future studies under the One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Castelo-Branco
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Shawn R Lockhart
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mycotic Diseases Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yee-Chun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ferry Hagen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rose-Anne Lavergne
- Nantes University Hospital and EA1155 IICiMed, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Center of Expertise in Mycology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Patrice Le Pape
- Nantes University Hospital and EA1155 IICiMed, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Marcos Fabio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Julio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maiken Arendrup
- Copenhagen University Hospital, and Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florent Morio
- Nantes University Hospital and EA1155 IICiMed, Nantes University, Nantes, France
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26
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Yang W, Tang Y, Jiang L, Luo P, Wu Y, Cao Y, Wu X, Xiong J. Coupling suspect and non-target analytical methods for screening organic contaminants of concern in agricultural & urban impacted waters: Optimization and application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151117. [PMID: 34688742 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure of contaminants to emerging concern (CECs) may pose risks to human health and ecosystems, even at low concentrations. Rivers impacted by both agricultural and urban activities experience distinctive environmental pressures due to receiving wastewaters that contain complex organics and their transformation products (TPs). In this study, we developed a regional database composed of 1200 CECs of high concern in Guangxi (South China). Further, we optimized a comprehensive analytical method for simultaneously screening for CECs and their TPs. The optimized screening method was applied to surface waters sampled from 10 different cross sections of a river that is impacted by both agricultural and urban activities. The best results of method optimization were achieved when the screening detection limit (SDL) ranged from 0.05 to 2 ng L-1, and over 90% of the analytes had acceptable recovery rates ranging between 64.7% and 95.6% (RSD < 11%). Of the 1200 CECs contained in the regional database, 168 were detected in at least one sampling site of the studied river via suspect screening, and among them, 36 contaminants were found at all sampling sites. Also, 58 additional contaminants and 39 TPs were tentatively identified via non-target screening, among which 4 TPs were reported for the first time in the aquatic environment. Triazine herbicides and their TPs were identified at most of the sampling sites, with ametryn and atrazine posing relatively high risks in the river ecosystems. Furthermore, 31 known analytes were selected as standards in order to confirm the combined screening method; one false positive occurred in the non-target screening method. According to these results, the suspect screening strategy provides valuable confirmation for the identification of a wide range of CECs in water, while non-target screening can provide a reference for researchers and supplement the regional database, particularly in the study of TPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yankui Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Lu Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Penghong Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyi Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xinying Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianghua Xiong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials & MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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27
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Baek SS, Yun D, Pyo J, Kang D, Cho KH, Jeon J. Analysis of micropollutants in a marine outfall using network analysis and decision tree. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150938. [PMID: 34655621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of micropollutants (MPs), including pharmaceutical, industrial, and pesticidal compounds, threatens both human health and the aquatic ecosystem. The development and extensive use of new chemicals have also inevitably led to the accumulation of MPs in aquatic environments. Recreational beaches are especially vulnerable to contamination, affecting humans and aquatic animals via the absorption of MPs in water during marine activities (e.g., swimming, sailing, and windsurfing). Additionally, marine outfalls in an urbanized coastal city can cause serious chemical and microbial pollution on recreational beaches, leading to an increase in adverse effects on public health and the ecological system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to, with the use of network and decision tree analyses, identify the features and factors that influence the change in MP concentrations in a marine outfall. These analyses were conducted to inspect the relationship between each MP and its hierarchical structure as well as hydrometeorological variables. Additionally, a risk analysis was conducted in this study in which the MPs were prioritized based on their optimized risk quotient values. During our monitoring of MP concentrations over time at the marine outfall, high concentrations of pharmaceutical and industrial compounds were detected when the tide level was low after rainfall. Furthermore, results of the risk analysis and the prioritization revealed that a total of 18 substances identified in our study posed a risk to the ecosystem; these include major ecotoxicologically hazardous substances such as telmisartan, mevinphos, and methiocarb. Results of the network analysis demonstrated distinct trends for pharmaceutical and industrial substances, whilst those for pesticide compounds were irregular. Additionally, the hierarchical structures for most MPs consisted of rainfall, tide level, and antecedent dry hours; this implies that these factors influence MP dynamics. These findings will be helpful for establishing chemical contamination management plans for recreational beaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Baek
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeun Yun
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - JongCheol Pyo
- Center for Environmental Data Strategy, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwondaehak-ro 20, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwondaehak-ro 20, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea.
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Ofrydopoulou A, Nannou C, Evgenidou E, Christodoulou A, Lambropoulou D. Assessment of a wide array of organic micropollutants of emerging concern in wastewater treatment plants in Greece: Occurrence, removals, mass loading and potential risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149860. [PMID: 34525693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the contamination profile of multi-class emerging contaminants (ECs) in wastewater is highly desirable. To this end, the occurrence, removal, mass loading and risks associated with a large panel of pharmaceuticals and personal care products, illicit drugs, perfluorinated compounds and organophosphate flame retardants in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the region of Thessaloniki (Greece) after a survey is illustrated. Influent and effluent wastewaters were submitted to solid phase extraction on Oasis HLB cartridges, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap MS). Influent concentrations in both WWTPs were notably higher than effluent, with caffeine, acetaminophen, irbesartan and valsartan being the most ubiquitous compounds, exhibiting elevated concentrations. Average effluent concentrations ranged from below the method quantification limits (<MQL) to remarkably high values (μg L-1 scale), such as for caffeine, acetaminophen, diclofenac, irbesartan and valsartan, among others. Removal efficiencies ranged between -273% for lamotrigine and 100%, i.e., for the UV filter BP1. Notably, the polar compounds such as cytarabine, methotrexate and capecitabine were removed at a rate >80% in both WWTPs, allowing the correlation between logKow and removals. Interesting trends for the illicit drugs were revealed by means of mass loading estimation, as in the case of benzoylecgonine (71.6 mg/day/1000 inhabitants). Ecotoxicological risk assessment was evaluated for both single components and mixture, using three approaches: risk quotient (RQ), risk quotient considering frequency (RQf) and toxic units (TU). Irbesartan and telmisartan posed a high risk in all trophic levels, while fish was the most sensitive taxa for diclofenac. This work aspires to intensify the surveillance programs for the receiving water bodies, as well as to motivate the investigation of toxicity to non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ofrydopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Nannou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, GR 57001, Greece
| | - Eleni Evgenidou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, GR 57001, Greece
| | | | - Dimitra Lambropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, GR 57001, Greece.
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Ye L, Gong S, Sun H, Su G. Identifying active xenobiotics in humans by use of a suspect screening technique coupled with lipidomic analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106844. [PMID: 34455192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipidomic analysis has been proven to be a powerful technique to explore the underlying associations between xenobiotics and health status of organisms. Here, we established a strategy that combined the lipidomic analysis with high-throughput suspect contaminant screening technique with an aim to efficiently identify active xenobiotics in humans. Firstly, in the light of single liquid phase equilibrium of chloroform-methanol-water (15:14:2, v/v/v), we developed an efficient method that was able to simultaneously extract both polar and nonpolar lipids in serum samples. By use of this method, targeted and non-targeted lipid analyses were conducted for n = 120 serum samples collected from Wuxi city, China. Secondly, we established a suspect database containing 1450 contaminants that have been previously reported in human samples, and contaminants in this database were screened in the same batch of serum samples by use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Thirdly, the underlying associations between suspect contaminants and lipids were explored and discussed, and we observed that levels of some lipids were statistically correlated with concentrations of numerous contaminants. Among these active contaminants, 23 ones were identified on the basis of HR MS1 and MS2 characteristics, and these contaminants belonged to the classes of phthalates, phenols, parabens, or perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Three active xenobiotics were fully validated by comparison with authentic standards, and they were perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). There were statistically significant changes in levels of triglyceride (TG), lysophosphocholine (LPC), and sphingomyelin (SM) as peak areas of xenobiotics increase. We also observed that, among target lipid molecules, 18:0 lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE(18:0)) was very sensitive, and this lipid responded to exposure of various contaminants. Our present study provides novel knowledge on potential alteration of lipid metabolism in humans following exposure to xenobiotics, and provides an efficient strategy for efficiently identifying active xenobiotics in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Langjie Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Wielens Becker R, Alves Jachstet L, Dallegrave A, Ruiz-Padillo A, Zanella R, Sirtori C. Multi-criteria decision-making techniques associated with (Q)SAR risk assessment for ranking surface water microcontaminants identified using LC-QTOF MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149002. [PMID: 34303982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been a focus of study for years, with investigations revealing the contamination of different environmental matrices (surface water, soil, air, and sediment) by diverse classes of microcontaminants. Understanding the contamination profiles requires identification and risk assessment of the microcontaminants. In the present work, analysis was made of the presence of 3250 compounds in 27 samples from the Conceição River (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil), using an SPE-LC-QTOF MS method. In total, 150 microcontaminants (confirmed and suspected) of different classes, especially pesticides and pharmaceuticals, were identified by an initial qualitative analysis. Subsequently, in silico predictions of eight endpoints, using quantitative structure-activity relationship ((Q)SAR) models, were employed to determine the risk of each previously screened microcontaminant. This large amount of (Q)SAR data, frequently with conflicting information in relation to the responses of the different endpoints, makes it difficult to define which microcontaminants should be prioritized for analysis. Therefore, in order to rank the identified microcontaminants by risk assessment, two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ranking techniques (ToxPi and TOPSIS), associated with a weighting method, were performed to establish the order of priority for further quantitative analysis of the most hazardous microcontaminants. The two rankings were statistically similar, especially for the 20 highest priority microcontaminants. Nonetheless, sensitivity tests carried out for the ToxPi and TOPSIS outputs showed higher performance robustness of TOPSIS, compared to ToxPi. This is the first time that such an approach (screening/(Q)SAR/MCDM methods) has been performed in the context of microcontaminant environmental risk evaluation and demonstrated to be an available strategy to help rank the most concern microcontaminants identified in aqueous environment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Wielens Becker
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Alves Jachstet
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Dallegrave
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Ruiz-Padillo
- Mobility and Logistics Laboratory, Transportation Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Av., 1000, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP) -Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Sirtori
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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31
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Shen M, Gong X, Huang S, Shen Y, Ye YX, Xu J, Ouyang G. Noncovalently Tagged Gas Phase Complex Ions for Screening Unknown Contaminant Metabolites in Plants. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14929-14933. [PMID: 34730331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Screening the metabolites of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) from complicated biological matrices is an important but challenging task. Although stable isotope labeling (SIL) is frequently used to facilitate the identification of contaminant metabolites from redundant interfering components, the isotopically labeled reagents are expensive and difficult to synthesize, which greatly constrains the application of the SIL method. Herein, a new online noncovalent tagging method was developed for screening the metabolites of 1H-benzotriazol (BT) based on the characteristic structural moieties reserved in the metabolites. By selecting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a macrocyclic tagging reagent, metabolites with the reserved moiety were expected to exhibit a characteristic shift of the mass-to-charge ratio (Δm/z = 1134.3698) after being noncovalently tagged by β-CD. Based on the characteristic mass shift, the suspected features were reduced by 1 order of magnitude, as numerous interfering species that could not be effectively tagged by β-CD were excluded. From these suspected features, two metabolites of BT that have not been reported before were successfully screened out. The significant characteristic mass shift caused by the noncovalent tagging method is easier to identify with more confidence than the previously reported SIL method. Besides, noncovalent tagging reagents can be much more accessible and less expensive than isotopically labeled reagents. Hence, this online noncovalent tagging method can be an intriguing alternative to the conventional SIL method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinying Gong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuyao Huang
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Xin Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianqiao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,College of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Testing for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Institute of Analysis (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
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32
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Palma P, Fialho S, Lima A, Catarino A, Costa MJ, Barbieri MV, Monllor-Alcaraz LS, Postigo C, de Alda ML. Occurrence and risk assessment of pesticides in a Mediterranean Basin with strong agricultural pressure (Guadiana Basin: Southern of Portugal). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148703. [PMID: 34214808 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the occurrence and the environmental risk of a group of 51 selected pesticides in the Guadiana Basin (a biodiversity hotspot, in the Mediterranean). The most abundant pesticides were bentazone and 2,4-D, while terbuthylazine together with terbutryn constituted the most ubiquitous pesticides. Eighteen out of the 38 pesticides detected are no longer approved in Europe, and 5 of them are included in the list of priority substances. The risk assessment showed that azinphos ethyl, diflufenican, irganol, imidacloprid, and oxadiazon occurred occasionally, but always in concentrations above their respective ecotoxicological threshold value. Contrary, bentazone, terbuthylazine, and terbutryn presented a high risk in most of the sampled locations and periods. The site-specific risk assessment showed a spatial and temporal pattern, with a higher risk occurring mainly in intermittent streams, in the drought period. The presence of pesticides banned from the EU market since 2009 showed the importance of improving the monitoring process, to identify the main sources of pollution and the fate of these emerging compounds. The results showed the need of implementing actions to improve the sustainable use of pesticides in agricultural areas, working with farmers and management entities to reduce the contamination of aquatic ecosystems. Transboundary water governance is also required to solve potential transboundary contamination problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Palma
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal; ICT, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
| | - S Fialho
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - A Lima
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - A Catarino
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - M J Costa
- ICT, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal; Science and Technology School, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal; Earth Remote Sensing Laboratory - EaRSLab, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - M V Barbieri
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L S Monllor-Alcaraz
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Postigo
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Lopez de Alda
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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Assessment of Environmental Pollution and Human Exposure to Pesticides by Wastewater Analysis in a Seven-Year Study in Athens, Greece. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100260. [PMID: 34678955 PMCID: PMC8537104 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides have been used in large amounts around the world for decades and are responsible for environmental pollution and various adverse effects on human health. Analysis of untreated wastewater can deliver useful information on pesticides’ use in a particular area and allow the assessment of human exposure to certain substances. A wide-scope screening method, based on liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, was applied, using both target and suspect screening methodologies. Daily composite influent wastewater samples were collected for seven or eight consecutive days in Athens between 2014 and 2020 and analyzed for 756 pesticides, their environmental transformation products and their human metabolites. Forty pesticides were quantified at mean concentrations up to 4.9 µg/L (tralkoxydim). The most abundant class was fungicides followed by herbicides, insect repellents, insecticides and plant growth regulators. In addition, pesticide transformation products and/or metabolites were detected with high frequency, indicating that research should be focused on them. Human exposure was evaluated using the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) approach and 3-ethyl-carbamoyl benzoic acid and cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide were proposed as potential WBE biomarkers. Wastewater analysis revealed the presence of unapproved pesticides and indicated that there is an urgent need to include more transformation products in target databases.
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34
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Ronka S, Bodylska W. Sorption Properties of Specific Polymeric Microspheres towards Desethyl-Terbuthylazine and 2-Hydroxy-Terbuthylazine: Batch and Column Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2734. [PMID: 34067244 PMCID: PMC8196812 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the sorption properties of poly(divinylbenzene) modified in the Diels-Alder reaction towards persistent and mobile metabolites of terbuthylazine. The batch experiments were carried out to examine the efficiency of desethyl-terbuthylazine and 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine adsorption on the specific adsorbent and the impact of different factors on the adsorption process. Results fit well to a pseudo-second order kinetic model. It was confirmed that hydrogen bonds play an important role in the studied systems. Five times greater sorption of 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine than desethyl-terbuthylazine was observed. The molecular structures of both metabolites exhibit complementarity to the arrangement of functional groups in the polymer but the differences in the physicochemical properties of the desethyl derivative make it a highly mobile compound with higher affinity to the aqueous phase. The equilibrium data in the batch study fit the Freundlich isotherm for 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, and for desethyl-terbuthylazine the Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were better. The adsorption capacities obtained under dynamic conditions were comparable with batch results. For column adsorption modeling the Bohart-Adams, Wolborska, Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models were used. The proposed microspheres can be reused easily with no significant decrease in adsorption capacity by using ethanol as eluent in the desorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ronka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
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35
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Hyötyläinen T. Analytical challenges in human exposome analysis with focus on environmental analysis combined with metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1769-1787. [PMID: 33650238 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as chemical exposures, are likely to play a crucial role in the development of several human chronic diseases. However, how the specific exposures contribute to the onset and progress of various diseases is still poorly understood. In part, this is because comprehensive characterization of the chemical exposome is a highly challenging task, both due to its complex dynamic nature as well as due to the analytical challenges. Herein, the analytical challenges in the field of exposome research are reviewed, with specific emphasis on the sampling, sample preparation, and analysis, as well as challenges in the compound identification. The primary focus is on the human chemical exposome, that is, exposures to mixtures of environmental chemicals and its impact on human metabolome. In order to highlight the recent progress in the exposome research in relation to human health and disease, selected examples of human exposome studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Serra-Compte A, Pikkemaat MG, Elferink A, Almeida D, Diogène J, Campillo JA, Llorca M, Álvarez-Muñoz D, Barceló D, Rodríguez-Mozaz S. Combining an effect-based methodology with chemical analysis for antibiotics determination in wastewater and receiving freshwater and marine environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116313. [PMID: 33360665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two different methodologies were combined to evaluate the risks that antibiotics can pose in the environment; i) an effect-based methodology based on microbial growth inhibition and ii) an analytical method based on liquid-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The first approach was adapted and validated for the screening of four antibiotic families, specifically macrolides/β-lactams, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines. The LC-MS method was applied for the identification and quantification of target antibiotics; then, the obtained results were combined with ecotoxicological data from literature to determine the environmental risk. The two methodologies were used for the analysis of antibiotics in water samples (wastewater, river water and seawater) and biofluids (fish plasma and mollusk hemolymph) in two monitoring campaigns undertaken in the Ebro Delta and Mar Menor Lagoon (both in the Mediterranean coast of Spain). Both approaches highlighted macrolides (azithromycin) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin) as the main antibiotics in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents with potential risk for the environment. However, no risk for the aquatic life was identified in the river, lagoon and seawater as antibiotic levels were much lower than those in WWTP effluents. Fish from Ebro River were the organisms presenting the highest antibiotic concentration when compared with bivalves (mussels) from the Mediterranean Sea and gastropods (marine snails) from the Mar Menor Lagoon. The effect-based methodology successfully determined antibiotic risk in wastewater, but its applicability was less clear in environmental waters such as seawater, due to its high detection limits. Improving sample preconcentration could increase the method sensibility. Overall, combination of both methodologies provides comprehensive insights in antibiotic occurrence and risk associated in areas under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Serra-Compte
- ICRA-Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain
| | - Mariël G Pikkemaat
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Elferink
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - David Almeida
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17003, Girona, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus de Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Diogène
- IRTA-Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology, Sant Carles de La Rapita, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Campillo
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Marine Environment and Environmental Protection Area, Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Llorca
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Álvarez-Muñoz
- ICRA-Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- ICRA-Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Mozaz
- ICRA-Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain.
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PFAS Degradation in Ultrapure and Groundwater Using Non-Thermal Plasma. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040924. [PMID: 33572434 PMCID: PMC7916234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent one of the most recalcitrant class of compounds of emerging concern and their removal from water is a challenging goal. In this study, we investigated the removal efficiency of three selected PFAS from water, namely, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and pefluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) using a custom-built non-thermal plasma generator. A modified full factorial design (with 2 levels, 3 variables and the central point in which both quadratic terms and interactions between couple of variables were considered) was used to investigate the effect of plasma discharge frequency, distance between the electrodes and water conductivity on treatment efficiency. Then, the plasma treatment running on optimized conditions was used to degrade PFAS at ppb level both individually and in mixture, in ultrapure and groundwater matrices. PFOS 1 ppb exhibited the best degradation reaching complete removal after 30 min of treatment in both water matrices (first order rate constant 0.107 min-1 in ultrapure water and 0.0633 min-1 in groundwater), while the degradation rate of PFOA and PFHxA was slower of around 65% and 83%, respectively. During plasma treatment, the production of reactive species in the liquid phase (hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide) and in the gas phase (ozone, NOx) was investigated. Particular attention was dedicated to the nitrogen balance in solution where, following to NOx hydrolysis, total nitrogen (TN) was accumulated at the rate of up to 40 mgN L-1 h-1.
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