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Wu S, Wang Y, Duan J, Teng Y, Wang D, Qi F. Identification of a shared gene signature and biological mechanism between diabetic foot ulcers and cutaneous lupus erythemnatosus by transcriptomic analysis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1297810. [PMID: 38434138 PMCID: PMC10907995 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1297810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) are both diseases that can seriously affect a patient's quality of life and generate economic pressure in society. Symptomatically, both DLU and CLE exhibit delayed healing and excessive inflammation; however, there is little evidence to support a molecular and cellular connection between these two diseases. In this study, we investigated potential common characteristics between DFU and CLE at the molecular level to provide new insights into skin diseases and regeneration, and identify potential targets for the development of new therapies. The gene expression profiles of DFU and CLE were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and used for analysis. A total of 41 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 16 upregulated genes and 25 downregulated genes, were identified between DFU and CLE. GO and KEGG analysis showed that abnormalities in epidermal cells and the activation of inflammatory factors were both involved in the occurrence and development of DFU and CLE. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and sub-module analysis identified enrichment in seven common key genes which is KRT16, S100A7, KRT77, OASL, S100A9, EPGN and SAMD9. Based on these seven key genes, we further identified five miRNAs(has-mir-532-5p, has-mir-324-3p,has-mir-106a-5p,has-mir-20a-5p,has-mir-93-5p) and7 transcription factors including CEBPA, CEBPB, GLI1, EP30D, JUN,SP1, NFE2L2 as potential upstream molecules. Functional immune infiltration assays showed that these genes were related to immune cells. The CIBERSORT algorithm and Pearson method were used to determine the correlations between key genes and immune cells, and reverse key gene-immune cell correlations were found between DFU and CLE. Finally, the DGIbd database demonstrated that Paquinimod and Tasquinimod could be used to target S100A9 and Ribavirin could be used to target OASL. Our findings highlight common gene expression characteristics and signaling pathways between DFU and CLE, indicating a close association between these two diseases. This provides guidance for the development of targeted therapies and mutual interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuetong Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jingyi Duan
- Medicine and Technology College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fang Qi
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Gomes JA, Sgarioni E, Boquett JA, Kowalski TW, Fraga LR, Terças-Trettel ACP, da Silva JH, Ribeiro BFR, Galera MF, de Oliveira TM, Carvalho de Andrade MDF, Carvalho IF, Schüler-Faccini L, Vianna FSL. Investigation of the impact of AXL, TLR3, and STAT2 in congenital Zika syndrome through genetic polymorphisms and protein-protein interaction network analyses. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1500-1512. [PMID: 37526179 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zika virus (ZIKV) is a human teratogen that causes congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). AXL, TLR3, and STAT2 are proteins involved in the ZIKV's entry into cells (AXL) and host's immune response (TLR3 and STAT2). In this study, we evaluated the role of genetic polymorphisms in these three genes as risk factors to CZS, and highlighted which proteins that interact with them could be important for ZIKV infection and teratogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluate eighty-eight children exposed to ZIKV during the pregnancy, 40 with CZS and 48 without congenital anomalies. The evaluated polymorphisms in AXL (rs1051008), TLR3 (rs3775291), and STAT2 (rs2066811) were genotyped using TaqMan® Genotyping Assays. A protein-protein interaction network was created in STRING database and analyzed in Cytoscape software. RESULTS We did not find any statistical significant association among the polymorphisms and the occurrence of CZS. Through the analyses of the network composed by AXL, TLR3, STAT2 and their interactions targets, we found that EGFR and SRC could be important proteins for the ZIKV infection and its teratogenesis. CONCLUSION In summary, our results demonstrated that the evaluated polymorphisms do not seem to represent risk factors for CZS; however, EGFR and SRC appear to be important proteins that should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Gomes
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Sgarioni
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano A Boquett
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente (PPGSCA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thayne W Kowalski
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Agentes Teratogênicos (SIAT), Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Fraga
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Agentes Teratogênicos (SIAT), Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas (PPGCM), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia P Terças-Trettel
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Tangará da Serra, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Juliana H da Silva
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Tangará da Serra, Tangará da Serra, Brazil
| | | | - Marcial F Galera
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Júlio Müller (HUJM), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Thalita M de Oliveira
- Hospital Universitário Júlio Müller (HUJM), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Maria Denise F Carvalho de Andrade
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Christus (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, Brazil
- Faculdade Paulo Picanço, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Hospital Geral Dr. César Cals, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Lavínia Schüler-Faccini
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente (PPGSCA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Agentes Teratogênicos (SIAT), Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S L Vianna
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Agentes Teratogênicos (SIAT), Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas (PPGCM), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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3
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Torices S, Teglas T, Naranjo O, Fattakhov N, Frydlova K, Cabrera R, Osborne OM, Sun E, Kluttz A, Toborek M. Occludin Regulates HIV-1 Infection by Modulation of the Interferon Stimulated OAS Gene Family. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4966-4982. [PMID: 37209263 PMCID: PMC10199280 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1-associated blood brain barrier (BBB) alterations and neurocognitive disorders are frequent clinical manifestations in HIV-1 infected patients. The BBB is formed by cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and sealed together by tight junction proteins, such as occludin (ocln). Pericytes are a key cell type of NVU that can harbor HIV-1 infection via a mechanism that is regulated, at least in part, by ocln. After viral infection, the immune system starts the production of interferons, which induce the expression of the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family of interferon stimulated genes and activate the endoribonuclease RNaseL that provides antiviral protection by viral RNA degradation. The current study evaluated the involvement of the OAS genes in HIV-1 infection of cells of NVU and the role of ocln in controlling OAS antiviral signaling pathway. We identified that ocln modulates the expression levels of the OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OASL genes and proteins and, in turn, that the members of the OAS family can influence HIV replication in human brain pericytes. Mechanistically, this effect was regulated via the STAT signaling. HIV-1 infection of pericytes significantly upregulated expression of all OAS genes at the mRNA level but selectively OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 at the protein level. Interestingly no changes were found in RNaseL after HIV-1 infection. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms implicated in the regulation of HIV-1 infection in human brain pericytes and suggest a novel role for ocln in controlling of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Torices
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA.
| | - Timea Teglas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Oandy Naranjo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Nikolai Fattakhov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Kristyna Frydlova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Rosalba Cabrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Olivia M Osborne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Enze Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Allan Kluttz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA
| | - Michal Toborek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 11336, USA.
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4
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Wilder CL, Lefaudeux D, Mathenge R, Kishimoto K, Zuniga Munoz A, Nguyen MA, Meyer AS, Cheng QJ, Hoffmann A. A stimulus-contingent positive feedback loop enables IFN-β dose-dependent activation of pro-inflammatory genes. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e11294. [PMID: 36929731 PMCID: PMC10167482 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) induce powerful antiviral and innate immune responses via the transcription factor, IFN-stimulated gene factor (ISGF3). However, in some pathological contexts, type I IFNs are responsible for exacerbating inflammation. Here, we show that a high dose of IFN-β also activates an inflammatory gene expression program in contrast to IFN-λ3, a type III IFN, which elicits only the common antiviral gene program. We show that the inflammatory gene program depends on a second, potentiated phase in ISGF3 activation. Iterating between mathematical modeling and experimental analysis, we show that the ISGF3 activation network may engage a positive feedback loop with its subunits IRF9 and STAT2. This network motif mediates stimulus-specific ISGF3 dynamics that are dependent on ligand, dose, and duration of exposure, and when engaged activates the inflammatory gene expression program. Our results reveal a previously underappreciated dynamical control of the JAK-STAT/IRF signaling network that may produce distinct biological responses and suggest that studies of type I IFN dysregulation, and in turn therapeutic remedies, may focus on feedback regulators within it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catera L Wilder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic SciencesUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Diane Lefaudeux
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Novadiscovery S.A.LyonFrance
| | - Raisa Mathenge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Division of RheumatologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Kensei Kishimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Alma Zuniga Munoz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Minh A Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of PediatricsBoston Children's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Aaron S Meyer
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Quen J Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
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5
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Rex V, Stempel M, Halle S, Brinkmann MM. The two faces of oligoadenylate synthetase-like: effective antiviral protein and negative regulator of innate immunity. Curr Opin Virol 2023; 60:101329. [PMID: 37079941 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The type I interferon response is critical for controlling viral infection and triggers the production of downstream-target genes, termed interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). While ISGs have a plethora of ways to restrict viruses at different stages of their replication cycle, they are also important to dampen immune responses to avoid tissue damage in the case of exuberant effects. However, this counter regulation of the immune response comes with the downside that it can open a door for viruses to get a foothold in their host. One key family of ISGs is the oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family, consisting of the DNA sensor cGAS and the RNA-sensing OAS and oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL) proteins. OASL proteins are of particular interest since they are structurally unique and act like a double-edged sword during immune responses to viral infection: they act antiviral, primarily against RNA viruses, whereas most DNA viruses benefit from OASL expression. Here, we put this balancing act of OASL proteins from different species into the spotlight and portray their different faces to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Rex
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Genetics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Stempel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Genetics, Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Virology and Innate Immunity Research Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephan Halle
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Immunology, Hannover, Germany; Hannover Medical School, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie M Brinkmann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Genetics, Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Virology and Innate Immunity Research Group, Braunschweig, Germany.
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6
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Gokul A, Arumugam T, Ramsuran V. Genetic Ethnic Differences in Human 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase and Disease Associations: A Systematic Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:527. [PMID: 36833454 PMCID: PMC9956131 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several studies have highlighted a skewed prevalence of infectious diseases within the African continent. Furthermore, a growing number of studies have demonstrated unique genetic variants found within the African genome are one of the contributing factors to the disease severity of infectious diseases within Africa. Understanding the host genetic mechanisms that offer protection against infectious diseases provides an opportunity to develop unique therapeutic interventions. Over the past two decades, several studies have linked the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family with a range of infectious diseases. More recently, the OAS-1 gene has also been associated with disease severity caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to a global pandemic. The OAS family serves as an antiviral factor through the interaction with Ribonuclease-Latent (RNase-L). This review explores the genetic variants observed within the OAS genes and the associations with various viral infections and how previously reported ethnic-specific polymorphisms drive clinical significance. This review provides an overview of OAS genetic association studies with a particular focus on viral diseases affecting individuals of African descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Gokul
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Thilona Arumugam
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Veron Ramsuran
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
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7
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Torices S, Teglas T, Naranjo O, Fattakhov N, Frydlova K, Cabrera R, Osborne OM, Sun E, Kluttz A, Toborek M. Occludin regulates HIV-1 infection by modulation of the interferon stimulated OAS gene family. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2501091. [PMID: 36778388 PMCID: PMC9915789 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2501091/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1-associated blood brain barrier (BBB) alterations and neurocognitive disorders are frequent clinical manifestations in HIV-1 infected patients. The BBB is formed by cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and sealed together by tight junction (TJ) proteins, such as occludin (ocln). Pericytes are a key cell type of NVU that can harbor HIV-1 infection via a mechanism that is regulated, at least in part, by ocln. After viral infection, the immune system starts the production of interferons, which induce the expression of the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family of interferon stimulated genes and activate the endoribonuclease RNaseL that provides antiviral protection by viral RNA degradation. The current study evaluated the involvement of the OAS genes in HIV-1 infection of cells of NVU and the role of ocln in controlling OAS antiviral signaling pathway. We identified that ocln modulates the expression levels of the OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OASL genes and proteins and, in turn, that the members of the OAS family can influence HIV replication in human brain pericytes. Mechanistically, this effect was regulated via the STAT signaling. HIV-1 infection of pericytes significantly upregulated expression of all OAS genes at the mRNA level but selectively OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3 at the protein level. Interestingly no changes were found in RNaseL after HIV-1 infection. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms implicated in the regulation of HIV-1 infection in human brain pericytes and suggest a novel role for ocln in controlling of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Torices
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Timea Teglas
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Oandy Naranjo
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Nikolai Fattakhov
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Kristyna Frydlova
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Rosalba Cabrera
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Olivia M Osborne
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Enze Sun
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Allan Kluttz
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
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8
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Juárez-Vicuña Y, Pérez-Ramos J, Adalid-Peralta L, Sánchez F, Martínez-Martínez LA, Ortiz-Segura MDC, Pichardo-Ontiveros E, Hernández-Díazcouder A, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Ramírez-Bello J, Sánchez-Muñoz F. Interferon Lambda 3/4 (IFNλ3/4) rs12979860 Polymorphisms Is Not Associated With Susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Although It Regulates OASL Expression in Patients With SLE. Front Genet 2021; 12:647487. [PMID: 34149799 PMCID: PMC8206639 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.647487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. Various genetic factors are associated with susceptibility to developing SLE and contribute to its onset and progression. Different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with SLE in several populations. The rs12979860 SNP in interferon lambda 3/4 (IFNλ3/4) is significantly associated with SLE susceptibility in patients negative for nephritis in Taiwanese people, and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are differentially expressed in normal liver by the rs12979860 genotype. This study aimed to investigate whether rs12979860 is associated with the presence of SLE and lupus nephritis in Mexican individuals as well as with the expression of several ISGs in SLE patients. In total, 439 SLE patients and 358 healthy donors were genotyped for rs12979860 using real-time PCR, and allelic discrimination plots were constructed. Additionally, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the venous blood of SLE patients by centrifugation (n = 78). The mRNA levels of 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase like (OASL), myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1), 2′5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E (LY6E) were determined using real-time PCR. The distributions of rs12979860 genotypes and allele frequencies were compared between SLE patients and healthy donors; case-control analysis revealed that rs12979860 was not associated with SLE susceptibility (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.97–1.45, p = 0.08) or with the risk for lupus nephritis (OR 0.913, 95% CI 0.590–1.411, p = 0.682). However, OASL expression levels in PBMCs were significantly different between rs12979860 genotypes in SLE patients: median OASL mRNA levels were significantly higher in patients carrying the CC genotype (197.10, IQR 71.10–411.17) than in those with CT/TT genotypes (173.75, IQR 58.80–278.75, p = 0.016). Our results suggest that the SNP rs12979860 does not play a relevant role in susceptibility to SLE in Mexican individuals. However, IFNλ3/4 genotypes appear to be associated with OASL expression in PBMCs from patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaneli Juárez-Vicuña
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julia Pérez-Ramos
- Department of Biological Systems, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Adalid-Peralta
- Unit for the Study of Neuroinflammation in Neurological Pathologies, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Production, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Edgar Pichardo-Ontiveros
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Irfan M, Qazi SR, Shakeel M, Khan SA, Azam Z, Shahzad M, Khan IA. WITHDRAWN: Analysis of host genetic variations associated with response to anti-HCV therapies in global populations. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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El-Dahshan D, Bahy D, Wahid A, Ahmed AE, Hanora A. Two novel SNPs in the promoter region of PKR gene in hepatitis C patients and their impact on disease outcome and response to treatment. Arab J Gastroenterol 2018; 19:106-115. [PMID: 30245117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The double-stranded RNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) plays a vital role in the immune system. During HCV infection, PKR has antiviral effect by inhibition of protein synthesis of the HCV. The functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PKR promoter region might have a relation to HCV disease outcome and response to treatment. The objective of the present work was threefold. First, it proposed an optimized protocol for PCR amplification of PKR promoter. Second, it screened the promoter region of PKR gene in HCV Egyptian patients to detect the possible SNPs' function. Third, to study the association between the detected SNPs and the response to treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS The functional SNPs in PKR promoter region were detected using DNA sequencing in 40 HCV infected patients; 20 sustained virologic response (SVR) patients and 20 nonresponse (NR) patients after combined interferon/ribavirin therapy. Twenty healthy subjects were included as a control. RESULTS Two functional SNPs were detected: rs62133148T>G and rs12992188C>T within our target PKR promoter region. In rs62133148 polymorphism, there is a significant difference between patients and control subjects for TT and TG genotypes (p < 0.0001). In addition, the G allele is more predominant in HCV patients. In rs12992188 polymorphism, the CC genotype is significantly different between patients and healthy control subjects (OR/95% CI: 0.033/0.006-0.172, p < 0.0001). The presence of C allele was significantly associated with the NR patients (OR/95%CI: 0.25/0.097-0.643, p = 0.006). The TT genotype is significantly different between SVR and NR (OR/95%CI: 8.5/1.54-46.871, p = 0.014). CONCLUSION This study is a pioneer clinical study on these two functional SNPs (rs62133148T>G and rs12992188 C>T). The rs62133148 polymorphism does not show any association with response to treatment. The TT genotype in rs12992188 polymorphism shows association with response to treatment. Therefore, patients with TT genotypes were more likely to achieve SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina El-Dahshan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Doaa Bahy
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Beni-Suef Health Insurance Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr E Ahmed
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amro Hanora
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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11
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Wang S, Wang J, Fan M, Li T, Pan H, Wang X, Liu H, Lin Q, Zhang J, Guan L, Zhernakova DV, O'Brien SJ, Feng Z, Chang L, Dai E, Lu J, Xi H, Zeng Z, Yu Y, Wang B. Identified OAS3 gene variants associated with coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs in chronic HBV infection. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:904-910. [PMID: 29582521 PMCID: PMC6105377 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanism of coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti-HBs) is still controversial. To identify the host genetic factors related to this unusual clinical phenomenon, a two-stage study was conducted in the Chinese Han population. In the first stage, we performed a case-control (1:1) age- and gender-matched study of 101 cases with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs and 102 controls with negative HBsAg and positive anti-HBs using whole exome sequencing. In the second validation stage, we directly sequence the 16 exons on the OAS3 gene in two dependent cohorts of 48 cases and 200 controls. Although, in the first stage, a genome-wide association study of 58,563 polymorphism variants in 101 cases and 102 controls found no significant loci (P-value ≤ .05/58563), and neither locus achieved a conservative genome-wide significance threshold (P-value ≤ 5e-08), gene-based burden analysis showed that OAS3 gene rare variants were associated with the coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs. (P-value = 4.127e-06 ≤ 0.05/6994). A total of 16 rare variants were screened out from 21 cases and 3 controls. In the second validation stage, one case with a stop-gained rare variant was identified. Fisher's exact test of all 149 cases and 302 controls showed that the rare coding sequence mutations were more frequent in cases vs controls (P-value = 7.299e-09, OR = 17.27, 95% CI [5.01-58.72]). Protein-coding rare variations on the OAS3 gene are associated with the coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs in patients with chronic HBV infection in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengjie Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Tengyan Li
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hankui Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Qiongfen Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Liping Guan
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Daria V. Zhernakova
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Stephen J. O'Brien
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Zhenru Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicines, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicines, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Erhei Dai
- the Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- the Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Hongli Xi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China,Correspondence: Prof. Zheng Zeng, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Yanyan Yu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Binbin Wang, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China;
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China,Correspondence: Prof. Zheng Zeng, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Yanyan Yu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Binbin Wang, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China;
| | - Binbin Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China,Correspondence: Prof. Zheng Zeng, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Yanyan Yu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; . Or Prof. Binbin Wang, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China;
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12
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Moosavy SH, Davoodian P, Nazarnezhad MA, Nejatizaheh A, Eftekhar E, Mahboobi H. Epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, and outcome of Hepatitis C virus infection. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5646-5656. [PMID: 29238510 PMCID: PMC5718874 DOI: 10.19082/5646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disorders worldwide. Nearly three percent (3%) of the world population has an HCV infection. Prevalence of HCV infection was higher in some groups such as injected drug users (IDUs) and HIV positive populations. Acute hepatitis has proven asymptomatic in most cases, and delay of diagnosis might lead to late onset of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Some host characteristics such as age, gender, body mass index, and viral properties are associated with HCV outcome hepatitis. Although disease progression is typically slow, some risk factors such as alcohol abuse and coinfection of patients with HBV and HIV can worsen the disease. On the other hand, viral overload is one of the main causes of prediction of HCV infection outcome. Prevalence of HCV infection will increase if we do not consider means of transmission, virus behaviors, and immunologic responses. Rapid diagnostic tests can help us to create preventive strategies among undeveloped villages and prisoners. Screening and training of the high-risk population such as IV drug users, dialysis patients, and hemophiliacs must be one of main HCV preventive programs. The present review is intended to help health policymakers to design suitable preventive and management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamid Moosavy
- M.D., Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Parivash Davoodian
- M.D., Infectionist, Associate Professor, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Mirza Ali Nazarnezhad
- M.D., Ph.D. Candidate of Infectious and Tropical Disease, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Abdolazim Nejatizaheh
- Ph.D. of Genetics, Associate Professor, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Ph.D. of Clinical Biochemistry, Assistant Professor, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mahboobi
- M.D., Resident of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
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13
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Kiprijanovska S, Stefanovska ES, Noveski P, Ivanova VC, Plaseska-Karanfilska D. Influence of OASL gene polymorphisms on host response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C virus patients. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection becomes a major public health problem and leading cause of chronic liver disease and liver failure. Pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirin are currently the standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC). It is indicated that genes that trace the interferon signaling could be associated with the host response to the therapy. In order to investigate the influence of these genes on host related response, we have analyzed seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs59248852, rs74390571, rs12811390, rs1169279, rs3213545, rs1083129 and rs2859398) in 2-5-Oligoadenylate- Synthetase-Like (OASL) gene in CHC cases from Republic of Macedonia. A simple and easy to use SNaPshot method was developed. A cohort of 100 HCV RNA positive patients - non responders and 109 patients with achieved virological response after the standard treatment were included in this study. We have found significant association in five of the seven studied SNP` s: rs59248852 [p = 6.5x10-31, OR=55.7 (20.0-155.3)]; rs12811390 [p = 2.2x10-11, OR=4.3 (2.3-6.7)]; rs2859398 [p=1.34x10-9, OR=3.4 (2.2-5.0)]; rs74390571 [p=4.3x10-7, OR=2.9 (1.9-4.4)], and rs1083129 [p=0.0139, OR=2.0 (1.1-3.5)]. The results from this study can be used as a predictive factor of future patient’s selection for the standard therapy, having an important cost benefit for the health insurance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kiprijanovska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje , R. Macedonia
| | - Emilija Sukarova Stefanovska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje , R. Macedonia
| | - Predrag Noveski
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje , R. Macedonia
| | | | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje , R. Macedonia
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14
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Yan Z, Wang Y. Viral and host factors associated with outcomes of hepatitis C virus infection (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2909-2924. [PMID: 28339063 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health issue globally. Owing to the progress made in host genetics and HCV molecular virology, emerging data have suggested that the natural course and treatment response in patients with HCV infection are largely determined by complex host‑viral interactions. HCV genotype is the most important viral factor predicting the response to pegylated interferon‑α plus ribavirin therapy. The subtype of HCV genotype 1 is the key viral factor that predicts the efficacy of direct‑acting antiviral therapy. HCV genome heterogeneity and baseline viral load are additionally associated with the treatment response. Multiple host genetic variants localized in genes associated with the immune response have been identified as predictors of spontaneous disease course and therapy outcome in chronic HCV. However, most findings from candidate gene association studies have not been proven universal for all investigated populations and independent studies. Previous findings in independent large genome wide association studies confirmed that interferon‑λ3 gene polymorphisms are associated with spontaneous clearance and treatment responsiveness. A polymorphism of the inosine triphosphatase gene has been identified as a protective factor against ribavirin‑induced anemia and dose reductions. Another genetic variant in the patatin‑like phospholipase domain containing 3 genes is associated with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with HCV. The present review focused on the identified viral and host factors associated with outcomes of patients with HCV, and assessed the involvement of viral and host genetics in the natural history and treatment outcomes of HCV infection. This will provide novel ideas concerning personalized prevention and individualized clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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15
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Domagalski K, Pawłowska M, Zaleśna A, Pilarczyk M, Rajewski P, Halota W, Tretyn A. Impact of IL28B and OAS gene family polymorphisms on interferon treatment response in Caucasian children chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9186-9195. [PMID: 27895405 PMCID: PMC5107599 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i41.9186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of IL28B and OAS gene polymorphisms on interferon treatment responses in children with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS We enrolled 52 children (between the ages of 4 and 18) with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB), who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa for 48 wk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OAS1 (rs1131476), OAS2 (rs1293747), OAS3 (rs2072136), OASL (rs10849829) and IL28B (rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917) genes were studied to examine their associations with responses to IFN treatment in paediatric patients. We adopted two criteria for the therapeutic response, achieving an hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level < 2000 IU/mL and normalization of ALT activity (< 40 IU/L). To perform the analyses, we compared the patients in terms of achieving a partial response (PR) and a complete response (CR) upon measurement at the 24-wk post-treatment follow-up. RESULTS The PR and CR rates were 80.8% and 42.3%, respectively. Factors such as age, gender and liver histology had no impact on the type of response (partial or complete). A statistically significant relationship between higher baseline HBV DNA and ALT activity levels and lower rates of PR and CR was shown (P < 0.05). The allele association analysis revealed that only the IL-28B rs12979860 (C vs T) and IL28B rs12980275 (A vs G) markers significantly affected the achievement of PR (P = 0.021, OR = 3.3, 95%CI: 1.2-9.2 and P = 0.014, OR = 3.7, 95%CI: 1.3-10.1, respectively). However, in the genotype analysis, only IL-28B rs12980275 was significantly associated with PR (AA vs AG-GG, P = 0.014, OR = 10.9, 95%CI: 1.3-93.9). The association analysis for CR showed that the TT genotype of IL28B rs12979860 was present only in the no-CR group (P = 0.033) and the AA genotype of OASL rs10849829 was significantly more frequent in the no-CR group (P = 0.044, OR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.07-0.88). The haplotype analysis revealed significant associations between PR and CR and OAS haplotype (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.001, respectively), but no association with IL28B haplotype was observed. CONCLUSION IL28B and OAS polymorphisms are associated with different clinical outcomes in CHB children treated with interferon.
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16
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Fagone P, Nunnari G, Lazzara F, Longo A, Cambria D, Distefano G, Palumbo M, Nicoletti F, Malaguarnera L, Di Rosa M. Induction of OAS gene family in HIV monocyte infected patients with high and low viral load. Antiviral Res 2016; 131:66-73. [PMID: 27107898 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate immunity plays a predominant role in the early control of HIV infection, before the induction of adaptive immune responses. The cytokine secretion operated by the CD4(+) T helper cells is able to induce a response in the innate immunity cells and significantly affect HIV-1 persistence and replication. One of the pathways activated by monocytes to restrain viral infection is the 2' -5' -oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/RNase L pathway. OAS is activated by dsRNA and IFNs to produce 2' -5' oligoadenylates, which are activators of RNase L. This enzyme degrades viral and cellular RNAs, thus restricting viral infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed a microarray dataset obtained from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) databank (accession number GSE18464) in order to verify the modulation of the OAS gene family in CD14 (+) monocytes isolated from 55 subjects, 22 with HIV-1 HVL (high viral load), and 22 with HIV-1 LVL (low viral load), as well as in 11 HIV-1 seronegative controls. We have validated the data on the expression levels of the OAS genes by performing real-time PCR on monocyte from a cohort of HIV infected patients (n = 20), with clinical characteristics similar to those of the patients recruited in the study present in the microarray. RESULTS Microarray analysis showed that OAS gene family are significantly upregulated in monocyte of HIV-1 patients with HVL, as compared to LVL patients and to healthy donors. Furthermore, we showed a significant correlation between the OAS gene family and the log2 viral load and CD4 count. These results were confirmed by the in vitro validation. CONCLUSIONS Data from this study suggest an involvement for the OAS gene family in the control of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Nunnari
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Lazzara
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Longo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - D Cambria
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - F Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - L Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
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17
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El-Derany MO, Hamdy NM, Al-Ansari NL, El-Mesallamy HO. Integrative role of vitamin D related and Interleukin-28B genes polymorphism in predicting treatment outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis C. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16:19. [PMID: 26911666 PMCID: PMC4765184 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-016-0440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving prediction of treatment outcomes in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 4 (G4) is necessary to increase sustained viral response (SVR) rates. Vitamin D related and interferon stimulated genes are good candidates as they are recently crosstalk altering interferon response. Thus single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within some of these genes and multiple stepwise regression analysis including other independent predictors (IL28B(rs12979860), serum 25OH-vitamin D, serum alfa-fetoprotein (AFP)) were performed on a cohort of 200 Egyptian CHC patients treated with Pegylated interferon-alpha (Peg-IFN) plus ribavirin. METHODS SNPs in cytochrome P-450 (CYP2R1)(rs10741657AG), vitamin D receptor (VDR)(rs2228570AG, rs1544410CT), oligoadenylate synthetases-like (OASL)(rs1169279CT) and adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR)(rs1127309TC) genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS The carrier state of A allele in VDR rs2228570 and CYP2R1 rs10741657 genes were independently associated with SVR [OR 6.453 & 3.536, p < 0.01 respectively]. Combining carriers of A allele in CYP2R1 and VDR genes with IL28B C/C genotype increased the probability of SVR from 80 % to reach 87.8 %, 93 % and 100 %. No relation was found between VDR rs1544410CT, ADAR rs1127309TC, OASL rs1169279CT polymorphisms and treatment outcome. Combining VDR rs2228570 A/A genotype with IL28B C/C genotype increased the probability of SVR from 82 % to reach 100 % and from 29 % to reach 80 % in C/T+ T/T IL28B genotype in none F4 liver disease patients. CONCLUSION Vitamin D related (VDR rs2228570 and CYP2R1 rs10741657) and IL28B rs12979860 genes polymorphisms accurately assure SVR in naïve CHC G4 patients treated with low cost standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O El-Derany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - N M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - N L Al-Ansari
- Endemic Medicine Department & Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H O El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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18
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Oligoadenylate synthase-like (OASL) proteins: dual functions and associations with diseases. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e144. [PMID: 25744296 PMCID: PMC4351405 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of antiviral pathways to reveal methods for the effective response and clearance of virus is closely related to understanding interferon (IFN) signaling and its downstream target genes, IFN-stimulated genes. One of the key antiviral factors induced by IFNs, 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthase (OAS), is a well-known molecule that regulates the early phase of viral infection by degrading viral RNA in combination with RNase L, resulting in the inhibition of viral replication. In this review, we describe OAS family proteins from a different point of view from that of previous reviews. We discuss not only RNase L-dependent (canonical) and -independent (noncanonical) pathways but also the possibility of the OAS family members as biomarkers for various diseases and clues to non-immunological functions based on recent studies. In particular, we focus on OASL, a member of the OAS family that is relatively less well understood than the other members. We will explain its anti- and pro-viral dual roles as well as the diseases related to single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the corresponding gene.
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Zhu J, Ghosh A, Sarkar SN. OASL-a new player in controlling antiviral innate immunity. Curr Opin Virol 2015; 12:15-9. [PMID: 25676874 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The cellular innate immune system plays a crucial role in mounting the initial resistance to virus infection. It is comprised of various pattern-recognition receptors that induce type I interferon production, which further shapes the adaptive immunity. However, to overcome this resistance and promote replication, viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade this host innate immune response. Here we discuss a recently described mechanism of boosting the innate immunity by oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL) protein, which can potentially be used to overcome viral evasion and enhance innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Zhu
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Arundhati Ghosh
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Saumendra N Sarkar
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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20
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Ribavirin at the Era of Novel Direct Antiviral Agents for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Relevance of Pharmacological Monitoring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/493087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ribavirin is often used for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Although its mechanisms of action remain to be clearly elucidated, ribavirin plays a beneficial role for achieving virological response and decreasing the rate of virological relapse after treatment cessation. However, ribavirin may induce side effects leading to early treatment discontinuation. Among them, hemolytic anemia is the most frequent and results from intraerythrocyte accumulation. Pharmacological studies have shown that early ribavirin exposure assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) at day 0 and ribavirin trough concentration during the first three months of therapy were correlated with sustained virological response (SVR). These studies highlighted the relevance of ribavirin pharmacologic monitoring and early dose adaptation during therapy. Although the role of ribavirin within new direct acting antiviral (DAA) combinations will probably decrease in the future, its potential benefit in difficult-to-treat patients such as patients with severe hepatopathy or patients who failed triple therapy including patients with multiresistance will need to be further investigated.
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21
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Lee TH, Tillmann HL, Patel K. Individualized therapy for hepatitis C infection: focus on the interleukin-28B polymorphism in directing therapy. Mol Diagn Ther 2014; 18:25-38. [PMID: 24022240 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-013-0053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus—a major global cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma—affects millions of people worldwide. Pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) had been the standard treatment for a decade until availability of the protease inhibitors in 2011. However, current antiviral therapy is still IFN-based and is associated with significant side effects and variable treatment response. Thus, various host and viral factors have been evaluated before and during treatment for the prediction of sustained virologic response to antiviral therapy. In 2009, genome-wide association studies found the single-nucleotide polymorphisms, located near the host interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene that encodes IFN-λ3, to be the best pretreatment predictor of virologic response to Peg-IFN and RBV therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Additionally, inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene variants were found to be associated with RBV-induced hemolytic anemia, which could affect treatment dose for selected patients. IL28B, ITPA, and other treatment predictors allowed for a potential individualized approach to treat hepatitis C. In the era of increased overall virologic response rates and good tolerability of the rapidly developing non-IFN oral direct-acting antiviral therapy regimens, the need for individualized treatment is likely to diminish. Various predictors of response, including IL28B will likely be of reduced importance in the near future.
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22
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Eskander EF, Abd-Rabou AA, Yahya SMM, El Sherbini A, Mohamed MS, Shaker OG. Correlation and multiple regression analyses of pituitary growth hormone and hepatic activities in hepatitis C infection and interferon response. Indian J Clin Biochem 2014; 28:348-57. [PMID: 24426236 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-013-0309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection varies across the world, with the highest percent of infections reported in Middle East, increasingly in Egypt. The current study aimed at examining the bio-statistical correlation and multiple regression analyses of pituitary growth hormone (GH) and liver activities among HCV genotype-4 patients treated with PEG-IFN-α plus RBV therapy. Herein, the current study was conducted on 100 HCV genotype-4 infected patients and 50 healthy controls. Patients received PEG-IFN-α/RBV for 24 weeks. Host RNA was isolated from patients' sera for HCV genotyping and viral load determination. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of the liver, AFP, GH, PT, and CBC were performed in all volunteers. The present study resulted that the activities of the hepatic enzymes among HCV genotype-4 patients correlated together significantly. While, human GH showed a significant positive regression with pre-treatment ALT concentration in responders. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis for GH showed a significant positive correlation with pre-treatment ALT in HCV genotype-4 infected patients. We concluded that there were a putative significant relation between GH and pre-treatment ALT activity in HCV infection and response to IFN-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad F Eskander
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt ; Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa M M Yahya
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf El Sherbini
- Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mervat S Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Specialty, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olfat G Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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23
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Micallef A, Grech N, Farrugia F, Schembri-Wismayer P, Calleja-Agius J. The role of interferons in early pregnancy. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30:1-6. [PMID: 24188446 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2012.743011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferons (IFNs) form part of the large family of glycoproteins known as cytokines. They are secreted by host cells as a line of defence against pathogens and certain tumours. IFNs affect cell proliferation and differentiation and also play a very important role in the functioning of the immune system. Miscarriage in both humans has been associated with higher levels of IFN, particularly IFN-γ. However, this cytokine is evidently vital in successful murine pregnancies since it is involved in maintaining the decidual layer in addition to remodelling of the vasculature in the uterus. The effects of IFN on human pregnancies are more difficult to study. Hence, there is still a lot more to be discovered in the hope of reaching a definite conclusion regarding the impact of IFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Micallef
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta , Msida , Malta , and
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24
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Saludes V, Bascuñana E, Jordana-Lluch E, Casanovas S, Ardèvol M, Soler E, Planas R, Ausina V, Martró E. Relevance of baseline viral genetic heterogeneity and host factors for treatment outcome prediction in hepatitis C virus 1b-infected patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72600. [PMID: 24015264 PMCID: PMC3755994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only about 50% of patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1 (HCV-1) respond to treatment with pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirin (dual therapy), and protease inhibitors have to be administered together with these drugs increasing costs and side-effects. We aimed to develop a predictive model of treatment response based on a combination of baseline clinical and viral parameters. METHODOLOGY Seventy-four patients chronically infected with HCV-1b and treated with dual therapy were studied (53 retrospectively -training group-, and 21 prospectively -validation group-). Host and viral-related factors (viral load, and genetic variability in the E1-E2, core and Interferon Sensitivity Determining Region) were assessed. Multivariate discriminant analysis and decision tree analysis were used to develop predictive models on the training group, which were then validated in the validation group. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A multivariate discriminant predictive model was generated including the following variables in decreasing order of significance: the number of viral variants in the E1-E2 region, an amino acid substitution pattern in the viral core region, the IL28B polymorphism, serum GGT and ALT levels, and viral load. Using this model treatment outcome was accurately predicted in the training group (AUROC = 0.9444; 96.3% specificity, 94.7% PPV, 75% sensitivity, 81% NPV), and the accuracy remained high in the validation group (AUROC = 0.8148, 88.9% specificity, 90.0% PPV, 75.0% sensitivity, 72.7% NPV). A second model was obtained by a decision tree analysis and showed a similarly high accuracy in the training group but a worse reproducibility in the validation group (AUROC = 0.9072 vs. 0.7361, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The baseline predictive models obtained including both host and viral variables had a high positive predictive value in our population of Spanish HCV-1b treatment naïve patients. Accurately identifying those patients that would respond to the dual therapy could help reducing implementation costs and additional side effects of new treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Saludes
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Bascuñana
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elena Jordana-Lluch
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sònia Casanovas
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mercè Ardèvol
- Hospital Pharmacy, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Esther Soler
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Planas
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Ausina
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Bunyola, Spain
| | - Elisa Martró
- Microbiology Service, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Grebely J, Feld JJ, Applegate T, Matthews GV, Hellard M, Sherker A, Petoumenos K, Zang G, Shaw I, Yeung B, George J, Teutsch S, Kaldor JM, Cherepanov V, Bruneau J, Shoukry NH, Lloyd AR, Dore GJ. Plasma interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) levels during acute hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 2013; 57:2124-34. [PMID: 23325615 PMCID: PMC3663887 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Systemic levels of interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) are predictive of treatment-induced clearance in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). In the present study, factors associated with plasma IP-10 levels at the time of acute HCV detection and the association between IP-10 levels and spontaneous clearance were assessed in three cohorts of acute HCV infection. Among 299 individuals, 245 (181 male, 47 human immunodeficiency virus-positive [HIV+]) were HCV RNA+ at acute HCV detection. In adjusted analysis, factors independently associated with IP-10 levels ≥150 pg/mL (median level) included HCV RNA levels >6 log IU/mL, HIV coinfection and non-Aboriginal ethnicity. Among 245 HCV RNA+ at acute HCV detection, 214 were untreated (n = 137) or had persistent infection (infection duration ≥26 weeks) at treatment initiation (n = 77). Spontaneous clearance occurred in 14% (29 of 214). Individuals without spontaneous clearance had significantly higher mean plasma IP-10 levels at the time of acute HCV detection than those with clearance (248 ± 32 versus 142 ± 22 pg/mL, P = 0.008). The proportion of individuals with spontaneous clearance was 0% (0 of 22, P = 0.048) and 16% (27 of 165) and in those with and without plasma IP-10 levels ≥380 pg/mL. In adjusted analyses, favorable IL28B genotype was associated with spontaneous clearance, while higher HCV RNA level was independently associated with lower odds of spontaneous clearance. CONCLUSION High IP-10 levels at acute HCV detection were associated with failure to spontaneously clear HCV. Patients with acute HCV and high baseline IP-10 levels, particularly >380 pg/mL, should be considered for early therapeutic intervention, and those with low levels should defer therapy for potential spontaneous clearance. (HEPATOLOGY 2013;).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Grebely
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Tanya Applegate
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gail V. Matthews
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,HIV/Immunology/Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margaret Hellard
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Infectious Diseases Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne
| | | | - Kathy Petoumenos
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Geng Zang
- Centre de Recheche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Ineke Shaw
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara Yeung
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute and Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - Suzy Teutsch
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John M. Kaldor
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Julie Bruneau
- Centre de Recheche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Naglaa H. Shoukry
- Centre de Recheche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Andrew R. Lloyd
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Dore
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Helbig KJ, Beard MR. The interferon signaling pathway genes as biomarkers of hepatitis C virus disease progression and response to treatment. Biomark Med 2012; 6:141-50. [PMID: 22448788 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.12.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus is an ever-increasing worldwide health problem with over 350,000 individuals succumbing to hepatitis C virus-related liver diseases each year. The ability to determine the outcome of an acute-phase illness may be useful in terms of implementing treatment strategies; however, to date, the predictive associations in the literature have centered around candidate gene analysis. Much greater advancements have been made in describing biomarkers from the activation of the host innate immune response, such as the interferon system, for prediction of treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C with the advent of genome-wide association studies. Recent times has seen a major breakthrough in the field with the description of the IL28B genotype as an independent association factor for pegylated IFN-α2b/ribavirin treatment response. The ability to couple this with other easily measured biomarkers such as the interferon-stimulated gene CXCL10, serum concentration may make this predictive marker set very useful in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla J Helbig
- School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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27
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Schlecker C, Ultsch A, Geisslinger G, Lötsch J. The pharmacogenetic background of hepatitis C treatment. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2012; 751:36-48. [PMID: 22409946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Insufficiently treated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major healthcare issue. Individual therapy responses vary considerably from spontaneous clearing of the virus to lethal conditions. Host genetics currently receives a major scientific and clinical interest as an important source of interindividual variability in treatment. Mainly the associations of interleukin 28B gene (IL28B) variants with decreased HCV clearance under standard therapy are considered as "state of the art" of hepatitis C pharmacogenetics. However, a search in PubMed identified 41 genes reportedly modulating the individual therapy response, e.g., genes coding for major histocompatibility complex (HLA), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 10 (IL10), other interferon coding genes than IL28B (e.g., IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IFNG), several components of downstream interferon signaling as well as genes modulating side effects of current anti-HCV therapeutics (e.g., SLC28A3, ITPA involved in ribavirin associated hemolytic effects or SLC6A4 and HTR1A involved in serotonin associated psychiatric side effects). Applying knowledge discovery methods from the area of data mining and machine-learning to this comprehensive set of HCV therapy modulating genes, relating the HCV genes to the world wide knowledge on genes given in the form of the Gene Ontology (GO) knowledge base, found that the relevant genes belong to the GO subcategories of "inflammatory response" and "immune response" and "response to virus". This complex approaches to the pharmacogenomics of HCV may serve to identify future candidates for a personalization of HCV therapy and structured approach to possible new therapeutic targets for the control of hepatitis C virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schlecker
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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28
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Lopez-Rodriguez R, Trapero-Marugan M, Borque MJ, Roman M, Hernandez-Bartolome A, Rodriguez-Muñoz Y, Martin-Vilchez S, Abad-Santos F, Muñoz de Rueda P, Vidal-Castiñeira JR, Rodrigo L, Salmeron J, Moreno-Otero R, Sanz-Cameno P. Genetic variants of interferon-stimulated genes and IL-28B as host prognostic factors of response to combination treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 90:712-21. [PMID: 21993426 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2011.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a worldwide health problem that is highly related to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The achievement of response to the current standard of care-pegylated interferon plus ribavirin-has recently been described to be associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the IL-28B gene. Additionally, baseline expression levels of genes involved in interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) have been found to be related to treatment outcome. In the present study, 285 patients were genotyped for 63 SNPs within genes of the IFN signaling pathway (IPGs) and ISGs. Two ISG polymorphisms-OASL rs12819210 (odds ratio (OR)=2.1, P=0.03) and IFIT1 rs304478 (OR=2.5, P=0.01)-were found to be independent predictive factors of sustained virological response (SVR) after adjusting for other clinical covariates. Furthermore, the predictive value of IL-28B SNP was notably improved by simultaneous genotyping of rs12819210 and rs304478, particularly in patients with the worst prognosis (viral genotype 1, area under the curve (AUC)=0.74). In conclusion, ISG SNPs could constitute a valuable tool for individualizing CHC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lopez-Rodriguez
- Liver Unit, Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitario Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Chary A, Holodniy M. Interferon combination therapy for HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection. Immunotherapy 2011; 3:1087-102. [PMID: 21913831 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IFN-α has been the cornerstone of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment for over a decade. Yet, rates of sustained virologic response of HCV infection to interferon-based therapy, particularly in difficult-to-treat populations, have been disappointingly low. This is particularly true in HIV/HCV coinfection, in which less than a third of patients typically respond to therapy. New HCV protease inhibitors, most of which will need to be administered with pegylated interferon, are in development, but comprehensive, long-term data for their use in coinfected patients is not yet available. Understanding the basis of this population's poor response to interferon-based therapy is crucial to future exploration of new therapeutic options, immunotherapy and prognosis in HIV/HCV-coinfected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Chary
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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30
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Chen JY, Lin CY, Wang CM, Lin YT, Kuo SN, Shiu CF, Chang SW, Wu J, Sheen IS. IL28B genetic variations are associated with high sustained virological response (SVR) of interferon-α plus ribavirin therapy in Taiwanese chronic HCV infection. Genes Immun 2011; 12:300-9. [PMID: 21346780 PMCID: PMC3114195 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2011.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection patients exhibit different sustained virological responses (SVRs) following the treatment with pegylated interferon-α (IFN-α) and ribavirin. Genome-wide association studies consistently linked SVR of IFN-α-based therapy to the IL28B single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 19q.13 in various populations. This study was undertaken to investigate the association of IL28B SNPs with SVR in a cohort of Taiwanese chronic HCV patients. Ten SNPs of IL28B were genotyped in 728 chronic HCV patients and 960 healthy controls. Genotype distributions, allele frequencies and haplotypes were tested for SVR and susceptibility in Taiwanese chronic HCV patients. Non-genotype 1 infection (adjusted P=3.3 × 10(-12), odds ratio (OR) 0.179; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.110-0.290) and low HCV viral load (<400 000 IU ml(-1)) (adjusted P=3.5 × 10(-9), OR 0.299; 95% CI: 0.200-0.446) were two major factors identified for high SVR. Notably, eight IL28B SNPs including previously described disease-associated SNPs (Trend test P=0.005) were significantly associated with SVR. Our data indicate that IL28B polymorphisms are the essential contributing factors for high SVR in Taiwanese chronic HCV patients. Combination of virus genotyping and host genetic data may be used to select the optimal treatment regimes in IFN-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - C-Y Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - C-M Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Y-T Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - S-N Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - C-F Shiu
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - S-W Chang
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - J Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - I-S Sheen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
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31
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Ren S, Yu H, Zhang H, Liu Y, Huang Y, Ma L, Wei L, Wu H, Chen X. Polymorphisms of interferon-inducible genes OAS associated with interferon-α treatment response in chronic HBV infection. Antiviral Res 2011; 89:232-7. [PMID: 21277331 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the role of host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) in predicting IFN response in patients with HBV infection, OAS gene and four SNPs were examined in 363 patients with chronic HBV infection (including 41 patients with HBsAg seroconversion) and 57 healthy controls. One SNP and three haplotypes were identified after adjustment for age, sex, HBV DNA. The frequency of OAS3T/C heterozygotes is 52.2% in responders (R) and 38.2% in non-responders (NR), with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.511 (P = 0.018). For complete responders (CR) and NR, the OR reached 2.323(P = 0.023). Haplotype analyses revealed significant association between three OAS haplotypes and response to IFN-α treatment. Genotype combination and interaction between gene-gene analyses disclosed that there was a positive interaction between OAS2/OAS3 and OAS3/OASL, and the rate of OR was 2.46 (likelihood test, P = 0.004) and 4.46 (likelihood test, P = 0.004), respectively. Our results suggest that OAS gene variations may play an important role in response to IFN-α and provide a novel strategy for the resolution of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ren
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, You'anmenwai, Fengtai District, PR China.
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32
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Abstract
It has been understood for some time that the treatment outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is influenced by host genetic factors. Three independent genome-wide association studies have recently identified that a genetic variation in the IL28B gene [interferon-λ3 (IFN-λ3)] determines the outcome of IFN-α-based therapy in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C infection. This genetic polymorphism is also strongly associated with a higher likelihood of spontaneous clearance following acute hepatitis C infection. These results confirm the importance of specific host genetic markers in predicting outcome and treatment response. They also provide the framework and potential for a clinically relevant and meaningful pharmacogenomic approach to personalizing anti-HCV treatment.
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Baseline prediction of combination therapy outcome in hepatitis C virus 1b infected patients by discriminant analysis using viral and host factors. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14132. [PMID: 21152430 PMCID: PMC2994723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has limited efficacy −especially among genotype 1 infected patients−, is costly, and involves severe side effects. Thus, predicting non-response is of major interest for both patient wellbeing and health care expense. At present, treatment cannot be individualized on the basis of any baseline predictor of response. We aimed to identify pre-treatment clinical and virological parameters associated with treatment failure, as well as to assess whether therapy outcome could be predicted at baseline. Methodology Forty-three HCV subtype 1b (HCV-1b) chronically infected patients treated with pegylated-interferon alpha plus ribavirin were retrospectively studied (21 responders and 22 non-responders). Host (gender, age, weight, transaminase levels, fibrosis stage, and source of infection) and viral-related factors (viral load, and genetic variability in the E1–E2 and Core regions) were assessed. Logistic regression and discriminant analyses were used to develop predictive models. A “leave-one-out” cross-validation method was used to assess the reliability of the discriminant models. Principal Findings Lower alanine transaminase levels (ALT, p = 0.009), a higher number of quasispecies variants in the E1–E2 region (number of haplotypes, nHap_E1–E2) (p = 0.003), and the absence of both amino acid arginine at position 70 and leucine at position 91 in the Core region (p = 0.039) were significantly associated with treatment failure. Therapy outcome was most accurately predicted by discriminant analysis (90.5% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity, 85.7% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity after cross-validation); the most significant variables included in the predictive model were the Core amino acid pattern, the nHap_E1–E2, and gamma-glutamyl transferase and ALT levels. Conclusions and Significance Discriminant analysis has been shown as a useful tool to predict treatment outcome using baseline HCV genetic variability and host characteristics. The discriminant models obtained in this study led to accurate predictions in our population of Spanish HCV-1b treatment naïve patients.
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Poat B, Hazari S, Chandra PK, Gunduz F, Alvarez X, Balart LA, Garry RF, Dash S. Intracellular expression of IRF9 Stat fusion protein overcomes the defective Jak-Stat signaling and inhibits HCV RNA replication. Virol J 2010; 7:265. [PMID: 20939906 PMCID: PMC2964675 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-7-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon alpha (IFN-α) binds to a cell surface receptor that activates the Jak-Stat signaling pathway. A critical component of this pathway is the translocation of interferon stimulated gene factor 3 (a complex of three proteins Stat1, Stat2 and IRF9) to the nucleus to activate antiviral genes. A stable sub-genomic replicon cell line resistant to IFN-α was developed in which the nuclear translocation of Stat1 and Stat2 proteins was prevented due to the lack of phosphorylation; whereas the nuclear translocation of IRF9 protein was not affected. In this study, we sought to overcome defective Jak-Stat signaling and to induce an antiviral state in the IFN-α resistant replicon cell line by developing a chimera IRF9 protein fused with the trans activating domain (TAD) of either a Stat1 (IRF9-S1C) or Stat2 (IRF9-S2C) protein. We show here that intracellular expression of fusion proteins using the plasmid constructs of either IRF9-S1C or IRF9-S2C, in the IFN-α resistant cells, resulted in an increase in Interferon Stimulated Response Element (ISRE) luciferase promoter activity and significantly induced HLA-1 surface expression. Moreover, we show that transient transfection of IRF9-S1C or IRF9-S2C plasmid constructs into IFN-α resistant replicon cells containing sub-genomic HCV1b and HCV2a viruses resulted in an inhibition of viral replication and viral protein expression independent of IFN-α treatment. The results of this study indicate that the recombinant fusion proteins of IRF9-S1C, IRF9-S2C alone, or in combination, have potent antiviral properties against the HCV in an IFN-α resistant cell line with a defective Jak-Stat signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret Poat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA-70112, USA
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Grünhage F, Nattermann J. Viral hepatitis: human genes that limit infection. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2010; 24:709-23. [PMID: 20955972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Treatment response and susceptibility to chronic viral hepatitis C and B may be modified by host genetic factors. The majority of genetic variants that confer a significant risk have been localized in genes involved in immune response. However, many findings could not be replicated and almost none of the identified risk factors had a noticeable impact on clinical decisions. In contrast, recent findings in independent large genome wide association studies confirmed genetic variants in the interferon gamma gene locus as strong predictors of outcome with outstanding clinical relevance. This review gives an overview on significant genetic susceptibility factors for susceptibility and treatment outcome in chronic viral hepatitis C and B that have been identified by the classical candidate gene approach and genome wide studies and also highlights some recent findings on genetic factors for common adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Grünhage
- Medical Department II, Saarland University Hospital, Kirrbergerstr. 1, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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36
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Mutations in hepatitis C virus genotype 1b and the sensitivity of interferon-ribavirin therapy after liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2010; 52:672-80. [PMID: 20346532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The results of post-transplant antiviral therapy for recurrent hepatitis C virus (HCV) are poor, and significant pre-transplant predictors for sustained viral response (SVR) have not yet been identified. METHODS Pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy was performed for more than 48 weeks in 50 patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) for HCV genotype 1-related liver disease. Of these, 22 patients achieved SVR. The predictive potential of the viral mutations, including amino acids (aa) 70 and 91 in the Core region, interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR, aa 2209-2248) and interferon/ribavirin resistance-determining region (IRRDR, aa 2334-2379) in NS5A, was evaluated. RESULTS In 16 patients, the sequences in the pre- and post-transplant samples were the same, except for aa 70 in the Core of 1 patient. The SVR achievement percentage was significantly lower in the Non-double wild (DW) at aa 70 and 91, the ISDR<2 and IRRDR<6 groups than in the DW (30% vs. 65%, p=0.015), the ISDR2 (35% vs. 69%, p=0.035) and IRRDR6 (25% vs. 78%, p<0.001) groups, respectively. Predictive scoring with these three items provides a newly established and significant predictor for SVR after LT (p=0.015). CONCLUSION DW, ISDR2 and IRRDR6 were found to be significant predictors for SVR after LT. In addition, it is possible that the establishment of a new scoring system consisting of these three factors may be a useful marker to predict interferon sensitivity for recurrent HCV after LT.
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Advances in hepatology: current developments in the treatment of hepatitis and hepatobiliary disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2010; 6:84-88. [PMID: 20567548 PMCID: PMC2886453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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40
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Pos Z, Selleri S, Spivey TL, Wang JK, Liu H, Worschech A, Sabatino M, Monaco A, Leitman SF, Falus A, Wang E, Alter HJ, Marincola FM. Genomic scale analysis of racial impact on response to IFN-alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:803-8. [PMID: 20080756 PMCID: PMC2818915 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0913491107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited responsiveness to IFN-alpha in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected African-Americans compared to European Americans (AAs vs. EAs) hinders the management of HCV. Here, we studied healthy non-HCV-infected AA and EA subjects to test whether immune cell response to IFN-alpha is determined directly by race. We compared baseline and IFN-alpha-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1, STAT-2, STAT-3, STAT-4, and STAT-5 protein and phosphorylation levels in purified T cells, global transcription, and a genomewide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profile of healthy AA and EA blood donors. In contrast to HCV-infected individuals, healthy AAs displayed no evidence of reduced STAT activation or IFN-alpha-stimulated gene expression compared to EAs. Although >200 genes reacted to IFN-alpha treatment, race had no impact on any of them. The only gene differentially expressed by the two races (NUDT3, P < 10(-7)) was not affected by IFN-alpha and bears no known relationship to IFN-alpha signaling or HCV pathogenesis. Genomewide analysis confirmed the self-proclaimed racial attribution of most donors, and numerous race-associated SNPs were identified within loci involved in IFN-alpha signaling, although they clearly did not affect responsiveness in the absence of HCV. We conclude that racial differences observed in HCV-infected patients in the responsiveness to IFN-alpha are unrelated to inherent racial differences in IFN-alpha signaling and more likely due to polymorphisms affecting the hosts' response to HCV, which in turn may lead to a distinct disease pathophysiology responsible for altered IFN signaling and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Pos
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Silvia Selleri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute H. S. Raffaele, Milan, 20132, Italy;
| | - Tara L. Spivey
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jeanne K. Wang
- Division of Medical Imaging and Hematology Products, Office of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993
| | - Hui Liu
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrea Worschech
- Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA 92109
- Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Institute for Biochemistry and Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany;
| | - Marianna Sabatino
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Alessandro Monaco
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Susan F. Leitman
- Blood Services Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andras Falus
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1089, Hungary; and
- Inflammation Biology and Immungenomics Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1089, Hungary
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Harvey J. Alter
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Francesco M. Marincola
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Navaneethan U, Kemmer N, Neff GW. Predicting the probable outcome of treatment in HCV patients. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2009; 2:287-302. [PMID: 21180557 PMCID: PMC3002533 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x09339079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease infecting more than 170 million people worldwide. HCV produces a wide gamut of manifestations varying from mild self-limiting disease to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A variety of viral, environmental and host genetic factors contribute to the clinical spectrum of patients infected with HCV and influence response to interferon (IFN) therapy. Predicting the probable outcome of treatment in patients with HCV infection has always been a challenging task. Treatment of HCV by pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) plus ribavirin eradicates the virus in approximately 60% of patients - HCV genotype 1 (42-51% response rates) and genotypes 2 and 3 (76-84% response rates); however, a significant number of patients do not respond to therapy or relapse following discontinuation of treatment or have significant side effects that preclude further treatment. Accurately predicting the patients who will respond to therapy is becoming increasingly important, both from the point of patient care and also with respect to the healthcare cost as clinicians need to continue treatment in patients who will respond and stop treatment in patients who are unlikely to respond. Viral RNA measurements and genotyping are used to optimize treatment as a low viral load and nongenotype 1 is more likely to be associated with sustained virological response (SVR). Rapid virological response (RVR) defined by undetectable HCV RNA at 4 weeks of treatment is increasingly being recognized as a powerful tool for predicting treatment response. A variety of host factors including single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) of IFN response genes, insulin resistance, obesity, ethnicity, human leukocyte antigens and difference in T-cell immune response has been found to modulate the response to antiviral treatment. The presence of severe fibrosis/cirrhosis on pretreatment liver biopsy predicts a poor response to treatment. Recent studies on gene expression profiling and characterization of the liver and serum proteome provide options to accurately predict the outcome of patients infected with HCV in the future. Future studies on the factors that predict treatment response and tailoring treatment based on this is required if we are to conquer this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Navaneethan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of
Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nyingi Kemmer
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of
Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Guy W. Neff
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of
Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Tahara H, Sato M, Thurin M, Wang E, Butterfield LH, Disis ML, Fox BA, Lee PP, Khleif SN, Wigginton JM, Ambs S, Akutsu Y, Chaussabel D, Doki Y, Eremin O, Fridman WH, Hirohashi Y, Imai K, Jacobson J, Jinushi M, Kanamoto A, Kashani-Sabet M, Kato K, Kawakami Y, Kirkwood JM, Kleen TO, Lehmann PV, Liotta L, Lotze MT, Maio M, Malyguine A, Masucci G, Matsubara H, Mayrand-Chung S, Nakamura K, Nishikawa H, Palucka AK, Petricoin EF, Pos Z, Ribas A, Rivoltini L, Sato N, Shiku H, Slingluff CL, Streicher H, Stroncek DF, Takeuchi H, Toyota M, Wada H, Wu X, Wulfkuhle J, Yaguchi T, Zeskind B, Zhao Y, Zocca MB, Marincola FM. Emerging concepts in biomarker discovery; the US-Japan Workshop on Immunological Molecular Markers in Oncology. J Transl Med 2009; 7:45. [PMID: 19534815 PMCID: PMC2724494 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Supported by the Office of International Affairs, National Cancer Institute (NCI), the "US-Japan Workshop on Immunological Biomarkers in Oncology" was held in March 2009. The workshop was related to a task force launched by the International Society for the Biological Therapy of Cancer (iSBTc) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to identify strategies for biomarker discovery and validation in the field of biotherapy. The effort will culminate on October 28th 2009 in the "iSBTc-FDA-NCI Workshop on Prognostic and Predictive Immunologic Biomarkers in Cancer", which will be held in Washington DC in association with the Annual Meeting. The purposes of the US-Japan workshop were a) to discuss novel approaches to enhance the discovery of predictive and/or prognostic markers in cancer immunotherapy; b) to define the state of the science in biomarker discovery and validation. The participation of Japanese and US scientists provided the opportunity to identify shared or discordant themes across the distinct immune genetic background and the diverse prevalence of disease between the two Nations. Converging concepts were identified: enhanced knowledge of interferon-related pathways was found to be central to the understanding of immune-mediated tissue-specific destruction (TSD) of which tumor rejection is a representative facet. Although the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) likely mediates the inflammatory process leading to tumor rejection, it is insufficient by itself and the associated mechanisms need to be identified. It is likely that adaptive immune responses play a broader role in tumor rejection than those strictly related to their antigen-specificity; likely, their primary role is to trigger an acute and tissue-specific inflammatory response at the tumor site that leads to rejection upon recruitment of additional innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Other candidate systemic and/or tissue-specific biomarkers were recognized that might be added to the list of known entities applicable in immunotherapy trials. The need for a systematic approach to biomarker discovery that takes advantage of powerful high-throughput technologies was recognized; it was clear from the current state of the science that immunotherapy is still in a discovery phase and only a few of the current biomarkers warrant extensive validation. It was, finally, clear that, while current technologies have almost limitless potential, inadequate study design, limited standardization and cross-validation among laboratories and suboptimal comparability of data remain major road blocks. The institution of an interactive consortium for high throughput molecular monitoring of clinical trials with voluntary participation might provide cost-effective solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Tahara
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marimo Sato
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Magdalena Thurin
- Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center and Center for Human Immunology (CHI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Immunology, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Mary L Disis
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women's Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Robert W Franz Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97213, USA
| | - Peter P Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Samir N Khleif
- Cancer Vaccine Section, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Jon M Wigginton
- Discovery Medicine-Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Inc., Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Yasunori Akutsu
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Damien Chaussabel
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, 75204, USA
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Oleg Eremin
- Section of Surgery, Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- Centre de la Reserche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Paris Descarte University, 75270 Paris, France
| | | | - Kohzoh Imai
- Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - James Jacobson
- Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA
| | - Masahisa Jinushi
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kanamoto
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazunori Kato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John M Kirkwood
- Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Immunology, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Thomas O Kleen
- Cellular Technology Ltd, Shaker Heights, Ohio, 44122, USA
| | - Paul V Lehmann
- Cellular Technology Ltd, Shaker Heights, Ohio, 44122, USA
| | - Lance Liotta
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, 10900, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Illman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Michele Maio
- Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Department. of Oncology, University, Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena, Italy
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, 53100, Italy
| | - Anatoli Malyguine
- Laboratory of Cell Mediated Immunity, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA
| | - Giuseppe Masucci
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shawmarie Mayrand-Chung
- The Biomarkers Consortium (BC), Public-Private Partnership Program, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Kiminori Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Cancer Vaccine, Department of Immuno-gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - A Karolina Palucka
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, 75204, USA
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, 10900, USA
| | - Zoltan Pos
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center and Center for Human Immunology (CHI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Foundation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, 20100, Italy
| | - Noriyuki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiku
- Department of Cancer Vaccine, Department of Immuno-gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Howard Streicher
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, DCTD, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - David F Stroncek
- Cell Therapy Section (CTS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Toyota
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Wada
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Julia Wulfkuhle
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, 10900, USA
| | - Tomonori Yaguchi
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | | | - Francesco M Marincola
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center and Center for Human Immunology (CHI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
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Welzel TM, Morgan TR, Bonkovsky HL, Naishadham D, Pfeiffer RM, Wright EC, Hutchinson AA, Crenshaw AT, Bashirova A, Carrington M, Dotrang M, Sterling RK, Lindsay KL, Fontana RJ, Lee WM, Di Bisceglie AM, Ghany MG, Gretch DR, Chanock SJ, Chung RT, O’Brien TR. Variants in interferon-alpha pathway genes and response to pegylated interferon-Alpha2a plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the hepatitis C antiviral long-term treatment against cirrhosis trial. Hepatology 2009; 49:1847-58. [PMID: 19434718 PMCID: PMC2692559 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Combination treatment with pegylated-interferon-alpha (PEG IFN-alpha) and ribavirin, the current recommended therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, results in a sustained virological response (SVR) in only about half of patients. Because genes involved in the interferon-alpha pathway may affect antiviral responses, we analyzed the relationship between variants in these genes and SVR among participants in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) trial. Patients had advanced chronic hepatitis C that had previously failed to respond to interferon-based treatment. Participants were treated with peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin during the trial. Subjects with undetectable HCV RNA at week 72 were considered to have had an SVR. Subjects with detectable HCV RNA at week 20 were considered nonresponders. We used TaqMan assays to genotype 56 polymorphisms found in 13 genes in the interferon-alpha pathway. This analysis compares genotypes for participants with an SVR to nonresponders. The primary analysis was restricted to European American participants because a priori statistical power was low among the small number (n = 131) of African American patients. We used logistic regression to control the effect of other variables that are associated with treatment response. Among 581 European American patients, SVR was associated with IFNAR1 IVS1-22G (adjusted odds ratio, 0.57; P = 0.02); IFNAR2 Ex2-33C (adjusted odds ratio, 2.09; P = 0.02); JAK1 IVS22+112T (adjusted odds ratio, 1.66; P = 0.04); and ADAR Ex9+14A (adjusted odds ratio, 1.67; P = 0.03). For the TYK2-2256A promoter region variant, a borderline association was present among European American participants (OR, 1.51; P = 0.05) and a strong relationship among African American patients; all 10 with SVR who were genotyped for TYK2 -2256 carried the A variant compared with 68 of 120 (57%) nonresponders (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Genetic polymorphisms in the interferon-alpha pathway may affect responses to antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Mara Welzel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Timothy R. Morgan
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, CA and Gastroenterology Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA
| | - Herbert L. Bonkovsky
- Departments of Medicine and The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT and Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | | | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elizabeth C. Wright
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amy A. Hutchinson
- Core Genotyping Facility, NCI/Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Andrew T. Crenshaw
- Core Genotyping Facility, NCI/Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Arman Bashirova
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mary Carrington
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | | | - Richard K. Sterling
- Hepatology Section, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Karen L. Lindsay
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Robert J. Fontana
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - William M. Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Adrian M. Di Bisceglie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Marc G. Ghany
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - David R. Gretch
- Virology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,Core Genotyping Facility, NCI/Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas R. O’Brien
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,Corresponding author, Mailing Address: 6120 Executive Blvd., Room 6111, Rockville, MD 20852
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Iuliano AD, Feingold E, Wahed AS, Kleiner DE, Belle SH, Conjeevaram HS, Zmuda J, Liang TJ, Yee LJ. Host genetics, steatosis and insulin resistance among African Americans and Caucasian Americans with hepatitis C virus genotype-1 infection. Intervirology 2009; 52:49-56. [PMID: 19401628 DOI: 10.1159/000214380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is the accumulation of fat in liver cells. Insulin resistance (IR) occurs when normal amounts of insulin do not stimulate insulin activity in cells. Both conditions have been described in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and are thought to be biologically related. This study examined the association of genetic variants with steatosis and IR among 167 African Americans and 184 Caucasian Americans with HCV genotype-1. Steatosis was defined as at least 5% of fat in cells on liver biopsy. IR was quantified as a score greater than 2 from the Homeostasis Model Assessment, version 2.2 (HOMA2-IR). Associations were investigated by estimating odds ratios separately by race. Statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) were observed for variants in interleukin-10 (IL10), leptin receptor (LEPR), interleukin-6 (IL6) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) for both outcomes. Some significant interactions were observed between IL10,LEPR and TGF-beta1 polymorphisms and HOMA2-IR scores when examining steatosis. The interaction of HOMA2-IR and IL10 was consistent in both races whereas for LEPR and TGF-beta1 the interactions were statistically significant in only one of the racial groups.These results could imply that some IL10,LEPR and TGF-beta1 polymorphisms may modify an association between steatosis and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Danielle Iuliano
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has evolved remarkable mechanisms that favor viral persistence by interfering with host innate and adaptive immune responses. These same mechanisms are likely to contribute to resistance to exogenously administered interferon used for HCV treatment. We review the host innate and adaptive immune responses in the context of HCV infection as well as the strategies by which these responses are subverted by the virus. In addition, the contribution of host factors, such as race and insulin resistance, to interferon non-responsiveness is discussed. Our progress in understanding the molecular underpinnings of interferon treatment failure in HCV infection has resulted in several promising and novel treatment strategies for HCV treatment non-responders.
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