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Huang XR, Ye L, An N, Wu CY, Wu HL, Li HY, Huang YH, Ye QR, Liu MD, Yang LW, Liu JX, Tang JX, Pan QJ, Wang P, Sun L, Xia Y, Lan HY, Yang C, Liu HF. Macrophage autophagy protects against acute kidney injury by inhibiting renal inflammation through the degradation of TARM1. Autophagy 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39193910 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2393926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy activation in renal tubular epithelial cells protects against acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the role of immune cell autophagy, such as that involving macrophages, in AKI remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that macrophage autophagy was an adaptive response during AKI as mice with macrophage-specific autophagy deficiency (atg5-/-) exhibited higher serum creatinine, more severe renal tubule injury, increased infiltration of ADGRE1/F4/80+ macrophages, and elevated expression of inflammatory factors compared to WT mice during AKI induced by either LPS or unilateral ischemia-reperfusion. This was further supported by adoptive transfer of atg5-/- macrophages, but not WT macrophages, to cause more severe AKI in clodronate liposomes-induced macrophage depletion mice. Similar results were also obtained in vitro that bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) lacking Atg5 largely increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in response to LPS and IFNG. Mechanistically, we uncovered that atg5 deletion significantly upregulated the protein expression of TARM1 (T cell-interacting, activating receptor on myeloid cells 1), whereas inhibition of TARM1 suppressed LPS- and IFNG-induced inflammatory responses in atg5-/- RAW 264.7 macrophages. The E3 ubiquitin ligases MARCHF1 and MARCHF8 ubiquitinated TARM1 and promoted its degradation in an autophagy-dependent manner, whereas silencing or mutation of the functional domains of MARCHF1 and MARCHF8 abolished TARM1 degradation. Furthermore, we found that ubiquitinated TARM1 was internalized from plasma membrane into endosomes, and then recruited by the ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptors TAX1BP1 and SQSTM1 into the autophagy-lysosome pathway for degradation. In conclusion, macrophage autophagy protects against AKI by inhibiting renal inflammation through the MARCHF1- and MARCHF8-mediated degradation of TARM1.Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; ATG, autophagy related; Baf, bafilomycin A1; BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; CCL2/MCP-1, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2; CHX, cycloheximide; CQ, chloroquine; IFNG, interferon gamma; IL, interleukin; IR, ischemia-reperfusion; MAP1LC3/LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MARCHF, membrane associated ring-CH-type finger; NC, negative control; NFKB, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells; NLRP3, NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3; NOS2, nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible; Rap, rapamycin; Wort, wortmannin; RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Scr, serum creatinine; SEM, standard error of mean; siRNA, small interfering RNA; SYK, spleen tyrosine kinase; TARM1, T cell-interacting, activating receptor on myeloid cells 1; TAX1BP1, Tax1 (human T cell leukemia virus type I) binding protein 1; TECs, tubule epithelial cells; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; WT, wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Yu Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Luan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Heng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao-Ru Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Dong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - La-Wei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Xing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Jun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Departments of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Anatomic and cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Gan G, Luo Y, Zeng Y, Lin S, Lu B, Zhang R, Chen S, Lei H, Cai Z, Huang X. Gut microbiota dysbiosis links chronic apical periodontitis to liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Insights from a mouse model. Int Endod J 2024. [PMID: 38958220 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we investigated the systemic implications of chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). CAP may contribute to the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression through the gut microbiota and its metabolites, which are related to the degree of fibrosis. METHODOLOGY Sixteen 7-week-old male apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice were randomly divided into two groups: the CAP and Con groups. A CAP model was established by sealing the first- and second-maxillary molars with bacterium-containing cotton balls. Apical lesions were evaluated by micro-CT. Histological evaluations of NAFLD were performed using second harmonic generation/two-photon excitation fluorescence (SHG/TPEF) assays. Additionally, we comprehensively analyzed the gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and explored metabolic profiles by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Immunofluorescence analysis was used to examine the impact of CAP on tight junction proteins and mucin expression. Transcriptome assays have elucidated gene expression alterations in liver tissues. RESULTS Micro-CT scans revealed an evident periapical bone loss in the CAP group, and the total collagen percentage was increased (Con, 0.0361 ± 0.00510%, CAP, 0.0589 ± 0.00731%, p < .05). 16S rRNA sequencing revealed reduced diversity and distinct taxonomic enrichment in the CAP group. Metabolomic assessments revealed that differentially enriched metabolites, including D-galactosamine, were enriched and that 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid and 3-methylindole were depleted in the CAP group. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed disruptions in tight junction proteins and mucin production, indicating intestinal barrier integrity disruption. Liver transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of Lpin-1 expression in the CAP group. CONCLUSION This study provides comprehensive evidence of the systemic effects of CAP on liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients by elucidating alterations in the gut microbiota composition and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowu Gan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yufang Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihan Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Beibei Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaxiang Lei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatology Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Fan HL, Han ZT, Gong XR, Wu YQ, Fu YJ, Zhu TM, Li H. Macrophages in CRSwNP: Do they deserve more attention? Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112236. [PMID: 38744174 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) represents a heterogeneous disorder primarily characterized by the persistent inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The subtype known as chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is distinguished by a significantly elevated recurrence rate and augmented challenges in the management of nasal polyps. The pathogenesis underlying this subtype remains incompletely understood. Macrophages play a crucial role in mediating the immune system's response to inflammatory stimuli. These cells exhibit remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity, differentiating into either the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype or the anti-inflammatory and reparative M2 phenotype depending on the surrounding microenvironment. In CRSwNP, macrophages demonstrate reduced production of Interleukin 10 (IL-10), compromised phagocytic activity, and decreased autophagy. Dysregulation of pro-resolving mediators may occur during the inflammatory resolution process, which could potentially hinder the adequate functioning of anti-inflammatory macrophages in facilitating resolution. Collectively, these factors may contribute to the prolonged inflammation observed in CRSwNP. Additionally, macrophages may enhance fibrin cross-linking through the release of factor XIII-A (FAXIII), promoting fibrin deposition and plasma protein retention. Macrophages also modulate vascular permeability by releasing Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Moreover, they may disrupt the balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which favors extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, edema formation, and pseudocyst development. Accumulating evidence suggests a close association between macrophage infiltration and CRSwNP; however, the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship warrant further investigation. In different subtypes of CRSwNP, different macrophage phenotypic aggregations trigger different types of inflammatory features. Increasing evidence suggests that macrophage infiltration is closely associated with CRSwNP, but the mechanism and the relationship between macrophage typing and CRSwNP endophenotyping remain to be further explored. This review discusses the role of different types of macrophages in the pathogenesis of different types of CRSwNP and their contribution to polyp formation, in the hope that a better understanding of the role of macrophages in specific CRSwNP will contribute to a precise and individualized understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Fan
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou-Tong Han
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Ru Gong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Jie Fu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian-Min Zhu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hui Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Qian Z, Xiong W, Mao X, Li J. Macrophage Perspectives in Liver Diseases: Programmed Death, Related Biomarkers, and Targeted Therapy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:700. [PMID: 38927103 PMCID: PMC11202214 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as important immune cells of the organism, are involved in maintaining intrahepatic microenvironmental homeostasis and can undergo rapid phenotypic changes in the injured or recovering liver. In recent years, the crucial role of macrophage-programmed cell death in the development and regression of liver diseases has become a research hotspot. Moreover, macrophage-targeted therapeutic strategies are emerging in both preclinical and clinical studies. Given the macrophages' vital role in complex organismal environments, there is tremendous academic interest in developing novel therapeutic strategies that target these cells. This review provides an overview of the characteristics and interactions between macrophage polarization, programmed cell death, related biomarkers, and macrophage-targeted therapies. It aims to deepen the understanding of macrophage immunomodulation and molecular mechanisms and to provide a basis for the treatment of macrophage-associated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibing Qian
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Wanyuan Xiong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Xiaorong Mao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.Q.); (W.X.)
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.Q.); (W.X.)
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Mo Y, Deng S, Ai Y, Li W. SS-31 inhibits the inflammatory response by increasing ATG5 and promoting autophagy in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149887. [PMID: 38581954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeting short peptide. Recent studies have indicated its hepatoprotective effects. In our study, we investigated the impact of SS-31 on LPS-induced autophagy in HepG2 cells. The results obtained from a dual-fluorescence autophagy detection system revealed that SS-31 promotes the formation of autolysosomes and autophagosomes, thereby facilitating autophagic flux to a certain degree. Additionally, both ELISA and qPCR analyses provided further evidence that SS-31 safeguards HepG2 cells against inflammatory responses triggered by LPS through ATG5-dependent autophagy. In summary, our study demonstrates that SS-31 inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammation in HepG2 cells by upregulating ATG5-dependent autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Mo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Songyun Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Plastic Surgery, Yaoyanzhi Aesthetic Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, China.
| | - Yuhang Ai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Emergency Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China.
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Yang J, Liang J, Huang C, Wu Z, Lei Y. Hyperactivation of succinate dehydrogenase promotes pyroptosis of macrophage via ROS-induced GSDMD oligomerization in acute liver failure. Mol Immunol 2024; 169:86-98. [PMID: 38552285 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality. Given excessive inflammation is one of the major pathogenesis of ALF, candidates targeting inflammation could be beneficial in the condition. Now the effect of hyperactivated succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) on promoting inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages has been studied. However, its role and mechanism in ALF is not well understood. Here intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine and LPS was conducted in male C57BL/6 J mice to induce the ALF model. Dimethyl malonate (DMM), which inhibited SDH activity, was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before ALF induction. Macrophage pyroptosis was induced by LPS plus adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Pyroptosis-related molecules and proteins including GSDMD oligomer were examined by ELISA and western blot techniques, respectively. ROS production was assessed by fluorescence staining. The study demonstrated SDH activity was increased in liver macrophages from ALF mice. Importantly, DMM administration inhibited ROS, IL-1β, and pyroptosis-associated proteins levels (NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and GSDMD oligomers) both in the ALF model and in macrophages stimulated with LPS plus ATP. In vitro, ROS promoted pyroptosis by facilitating GSDMD oligomerization. Additionally, when ROS levels were increased through the addition of H2O2 to the DMM group, the levels of GSDMD oligomers were reverted. In conclusion, SDH hyperactivation promotes macrophage pyroptosis by ROS-mediated GSDMD oligomerization, suggesting that targeting this pathway holds promise as a strategy for treating ALF and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yang
- Department of gastroenterology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - JingWen Liang
- Department of gastroenterology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - Cai Huang
- Department of gastroenterology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - ZaiCheng Wu
- Department of gastroenterology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - YanChang Lei
- Department of gastroenterology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China.
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Shen W, Yang M, Chen H, He C, Li H, Yang X, Zhuo J, Lin Z, Hu Z, Lu D, Xu X. FGF21-mediated autophagy: Remodeling the homeostasis in response to stress in liver diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101027. [PMID: 38292187 PMCID: PMC10825283 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are worldwide problems closely associated with various stresses, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress. The exact interplay between stress and liver diseases remains unclear. Autophagy plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis, and recent studies indicate tight crosstalk between stress and autophagy in liver diseases. Once the balance between damage and autophagy is broken, autophagy can no longer resist injury or maintain homeostasis. In recent years, FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21)-induced autophagy has attracted much attention. FGF21 is regarded as a stress hormone and can be up-regulated by an abundance of signaling pathways in response to stress. Also, increased FGF21 activates autophagy by a complicated signaling network in which mTOR plays a pivotal role. This review summarizes the mechanism of FGF21-mediated autophagy and its derived application in the defense of stress in liver diseases and offers a glimpse into its promising prospect in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Modan Yang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Chiyu He
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Huigang Li
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jianyong Zhuo
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Zuyuan Lin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Zhihang Hu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Di Lu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Liver Transplant, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
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8
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Wei T, Liu N, Yao Y, Huang X, Wang Z, Wu T, Zhang T, Xue Y, Tang M. Low-dose cadmium telluride quantum dots trigger M1 polarization in macrophages through mTOR-mediated transcription factor EB activation. NANOIMPACT 2024; 34:100505. [PMID: 38579989 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The increasing application of quantum dots (QDs) increases interactions with organisms. The inflammatory imbalance is a significant manifestation of immunotoxicity. Macrophages maintain inflammatory homeostasis. Using macrophages differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced THP-1 cells as models, the study found that low-dose (5 μM) cadmium telluride QDs (CdTe-QDs) hindered monocyte-macrophage differentiation. CD11b is a surface marker of macrophage, and the addition of CdTe-QDs during induction resulted in a decrease in CD11b expression. Moreover, exposure of differentiated THP-1 macrophage (dTHP-1) to 5 μM CdTe-QDs led to the initiation of M1 polarization. This was indicated by the increased surface marker CD86 expression, along with elevated level of NF-κB and IL-1β proteins. The potential mechanisms are being explored. The transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays a significant role in immune regulation and serves as a crucial regulator of the autophagic lysosomal pathway. After exposed to CdTe-QDs, TFEB activation-mediated autophagy and M1 polarization were observed to occur simultaneously in dTHP-1. The mTOR signaling pathway contributed to TFEB activation induced by CdTe-QDs. However, mTOR-independent activation of TFEB failed to promote M1 polarization. These results suggest that mTOR-TFEB is an advantageous target to enhance the biocompatibility of CdTe-QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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9
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Zhao X, Yin F, Huang Y, Fu L, Ma Y, Ye L, Fan W, Gao W, Cai Y, Mou X. Oral administration of grape-derived nanovesicles for protection against LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver failure. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123812. [PMID: 38237707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Although the exploration of the molecular mechanisms of Acute liver failure (ALF) is supported by a growing number of studies, the lack of effective therapeutic agents and measures indicates an urgent clinical need for the development of new drugs and treatment strategies. Herein, we focused on the treatment of ALF with grape-derived nanovesicles (GDNVs), and assessed its protective effects and molecular mechanisms against liver injury. In the mice model of ALF, prophylactic administration for three consecutive days and treatment with GDNVs after successful induction of ALF showed a significant reduction of ALT and AST activity in mouse serum, as well as a blockade of the release of inflammatory cytokines IL6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Treatment with GDNVs significantly prevented the massive apoptosis of hepatocytes caused by LPS/D-GalN and down-regulated the activation and expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins p53, Caspase 9, Caspase 8, Caspase 3 and Bax. GDNVs downregulated the release of chemokines during the inflammatory eruption in mice and inhibited the infiltration of peripheral monocytes into the liver by inhibiting CCR2/CCR5. Moreover, the pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages in the liver was reversed by GDNVs. GDNVs further reduced the activation of NLRP3-related pathways, and treatment with GDNVs activated the expression of autophagy-related proteins Foxo3a, Sirt1 and LC3-II in the damaged mouse liver, inducing autophagy to occur. GDNVs could exert hepatoprotective and inflammatory suppressive functions by increasing nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and upregulating HO-1 expression against exogenous toxin-induced oxidative stress in the liver. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that GDNVs alleviate LPS/D-GalN-induced ALF and have the potential to be used as a novel hepatoprotective agent for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Human Intestinal Microflora Function Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yilin Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Luoqin Fu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yingyu Ma
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Luyi Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Weijiao Fan
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenxue Gao
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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10
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Wen T, Xie J, Ma L, Hao Z, Zhang W, Wu T, Li L. Vitamin D Receptor Activation Reduces Hepatic Inflammation via Enhancing Macrophage Autophagy in Cholestatic Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:369-383. [PMID: 38104651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage autophagy dysfunction aggravates liver injury by activating inflammasomes, which can cleave pro-IL-1β to its active, secreted form. We investigated whether the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis could up-regulate macrophage autophagy function to inhibit the activation of inflammasome-dependent IL-1β during cholestasis. Paricalcitol (PAL; VDR agonist) was intraperitoneally injected into bile duct-ligated mice for 5 days. Up-regulation of VDR expression by PAL reduced liver injury by reducing the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory reaction in macrophages. Moreover, PAL inhibited inflammasome-dependent IL-1β generation. Mechanistically, the knockdown of VDR increased IL-1β generation, whereas VDR overexpression exerted the opposite effect following tert-butyl hydroperoxide treatment. The inflammasome antagonist glyburide, the caspase-1-specific inhibitor YVAD, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) blocked the increase in Vdr shRNA-induced IL-1β production. Interestingly, up-regulation of VDR also enhanced macrophage autophagy. Autophagy reduction impaired the up-regulation of VDR-inhibited macrophage inflammasome-generated IL-1β, whereas autophagy induction showed a synergistic effect with VDR overexpression through ROS-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. This result was confirmed by p38 MAPK inhibitor, MAPK activator, and ROS inhibitor NAC. Collectively, PAL triggered macrophage autophagy by suppressing activation of the ROS-p38 MAPK pathway, which, in turn, suppressed inflammasome-generated cleaved, active forms of IL-1β, eventually leading to reduced inflammation. Thus, triggering the VDR may be a potential target for the anti-inflammatory treatment of cholestatic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wenling First People's Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Liman Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingyao Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wenling First People's Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China.
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11
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Wang W, Xu K, Shang M, Li X, Tong X, Liu Z, Zhou L, Zheng S. The biological mechanism and emerging therapeutic interventions of liver aging. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:280-295. [PMID: 38164175 PMCID: PMC10750291 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on liver aging has become prominent and has attracted considerable interest in uncovering the mechanism and therapeutic targets of aging to expand lifespan. In addition, multi-omics studies are widely used to perform further mechanistic investigations on liver aging. In this review, we illustrate the changes that occur with aging in the liver, present the current models of liver aging, and emphasize existing multi-omics studies on liver aging. We integrated the multi-omics data of enrolled studies and reanalyzed them to identify key pathways and targets of liver aging. The results indicated that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (Cxcl9) was a regulator of liver aging. In addition, we provide a flowchart for liver aging research using multi-omics analysis and molecular experiments to help researchers conduct further research. Finally, we present emerging therapeutic treatments that prolong lifespan. In summary, using cells and animal models of liver aging, we can apply a multi-omics approach to find key metabolic pathways and target genes to mitigate the adverse effects of liver aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kangdi Xu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Mingge Shang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
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12
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Raza S, Rajak S, Singh R, Zhou J, Sinha RA, Goel A. Cell-type specific role of autophagy in the liver and its implications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:1272-1283. [PMID: 38192406 PMCID: PMC7615497 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i12.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a cellular degradative process, has emerged as a key regulator of cellular energy production and stress mitigation. Dysregulated autophagy is a common phenomenon observed in several human diseases, and its restoration offers curative advantage. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), more recently renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, is a major metabolic liver disease affecting almost 30% of the world population. Unfortunately, NAFLD has no pharmacological therapies available to date. Autophagy regulates several hepatic processes including lipid metabolism, inflammation, cellular integrity and cellular plasticity in both parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal cells (Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells) with a profound impact on NAFLD progression. Understanding cell type-specific autophagy in the liver is essential in order to develop targeted treatments for liver diseases such as NAFLD. Modulating autophagy in specific cell types can have varying effects on liver function and pathology, making it a promising area of research for liver-related disorders. This review aims to summarize our present understanding of cell-type specific effects of autophagy and their implications in developing autophagy centric therapies for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raza
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Rajani Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Jin Zhou
- CVMD, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Amit Goel
- Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226014, India.
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13
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Feng J, Ye S, Hai B, Lou Y, Duan M, Guo P, Lv P, Lu W, Chen Y. RNF115/BCA2 deficiency alleviated acute liver injury in mice by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammatory response. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:855. [PMID: 38129372 PMCID: PMC10739886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein 115 (RNF115), also known as breast cancer-associated gene 2 (BCA2), has been linked with the growth of some cancers and immune regulation, which is negatively correlated with prognosis. Here, it is demonstrated that the RNF115 deletion can protect mice from acute liver injury (ALI) induced by the treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN), as evidenced by decreased levels of alanine aminotransaminase, aspartate transaminase, inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6), chemokines (e.g., MCP1/CCL2) and inflammatory cell (e.g., monocytes and neutrophils) infiltration. Moreover, it was found that the autophagy activity in Rnf115-/- livers was increased, which resulted in the removal of damaged mitochondria and hepatocyte apoptosis. However, the administration of adeno-associated virus Rnf115 or autophagy inhibitor 3-MA impaired autophagy and aggravated liver injury in Rnf115-/- mice with ALI. Further experiments proved that RNF115 interacts with LC3B, downregulates LC3B protein levels and cell autophagy. Additionally, Rnf115 deletion inhibited M1 type macrophage activation via NF-κB and Jnk signaling pathways. Elimination of macrophages narrowed the difference in liver damage between Rnf115+/+ and Rnf115-/- mice, indicating that macrophages were linked in the ALI induced by LPS/D-GalN. Collectively, for the first time, we have proved that Rnf115 inactivation ameliorated LPS/D-GalN-induced ALI in mice by promoting autophagy and attenuating inflammatory responses. This study provides new evidence for the involvement of autophagy mechanisms in the protection against acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Feng
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shufang Ye
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaxin Lou
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengyuan Duan
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pengli Guo
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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14
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Cao Z, Lu P, Li L, Geng Q, Lin L, Yan L, Zhang L, Shi C, Li L, Zhao N, He X, Tan Y, Lu C. Bioinformatics-led discovery of liver-specific genes and macrophage infiltration in acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1287136. [PMID: 38130716 PMCID: PMC10733525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute liver injury (ALI) is an important global health concern, primarily caused by widespread hepatocyte cell death, coupled with a complex immune response and a lack of effective remedies. This study explores the underlying mechanisms, immune infiltration patterns, and potential targets for intervention and treatment ALI. Methods The datasets of acetaminophen (APAP), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI were obtained from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were individually identified using the limma packages. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using KEGG, GO, and GSEA methods. The overlapping genes were extracted from the three datasets, and hub genes were identified using MCODE and CytoHubba algorithms. Additionally, PPI networks were constructed based on the String database. Immune cell infiltration analysis was conducted using ImmuCellAI, and the correlation between hub genes and immune cells was determined using the Spearman method. The relationship between hub genes, immune cells, and biochemical indicators of liver function (ALT, AST) was validated using APAP and triptolide (TP) -induced ALI mouse models. Results Functional enrichment analysis indicated that all three ALI models were enriched in pathways linked to fatty acid metabolism, drug metabolism, inflammatory response, and immune regulation. Immune analysis revealed a significant rise in macrophage infiltration. A total of 79 overlapping genes were obtained, and 10 hub genes were identified that were consistent with the results of the biological information analysis after screening and validation. Among them, Clec4n, Ms4a6d, and Lilrb4 exhibited strong associations with macrophage infiltration and ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Atia AF, Abou-Hussien NM, Sweed DM, Sweed E, Abo-Khalil NA. Auranofin attenuates Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced liver granuloma and fibrosis in mice. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e95. [PMID: 38053397 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a serious tropical disease. Despite extensive research into the etiology of liver fibrosis, effective therapeutic options remain limited. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of auranofin in treating hepatic granuloma and fibrogenesis produced by Schistosoma (S.) mansoni eggs. Auranofin is a gold complex that contains thioglucose tetraacetate and triethylphosphine. Eighty BALB/c male mice were divided into four groups (n=20/group): negative control (GI), positive control (GII), and early (GIII) and late (GIV) treatment groups with oral auranofin according to beginning of treatment 4th week and 6th week post-infection. Mice were infected subcutaneously in a dose of 60±10 cercariae/mouse. Worm counts, egg loads, and oogram patterns were determined. Biochemical, histological, and immunostaining of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), and smooth muscle actin (SMA) were assessed. GIII showed a significant decrease in the total S. mansoni worm burden and ova/gram in liver tissue (with reduction percent of 63.07% and 78.26%, respectively). Schistosomal oogram patterns, immature and mature ova, also showed a significant decrease. The reduction in granuloma number and size was 40.63% and 48.66%, respectively, in GIII, whereas in GIV, the reduction percent was 76.63% and 67.08%. In addition, the degree of fibrosis was significantly diminished in both treated groups. GIV showed significant reduction in IL-1β and SMA expression and increase in SIRT3 expression. These findings reveal how auranofin suppresses the development of liver fibrosis. Therefore, it is crucial to take another look at auranofin as a prospective medication for the treatment of S. mansoni egg-induced hepatic granuloma and consequent fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Atia
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - N M Abou-Hussien
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - D M Sweed
- Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - E Sweed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - N A Abo-Khalil
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
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Li L, Lan Y, Wang F, Gao T. Linarin Protects Against CCl 4-Induced Acute Liver Injury via Activating Autophagy and Inhibiting the Inflammatory Response: Involving the TLR4/MAPK/Nrf2 Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3589-3604. [PMID: 38076631 PMCID: PMC10700044 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s433591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Linarin has been implicated in the inhibition of inflammatory responses and hepatoprotective effects. However, the precise mechanism by which Linarin integrates injury-induced signaling from inflammatory responses and oxidative stress remains unclear. Methods We evaluated the role of Linarin in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury. Mice were orally pretreated with Linarin or vehicle for seven consecutive days, followed by intraperitoneal injection with 0.2% (v/v) CCl4. To investigate the mechanism of action on oxidative stress, CCl4-stimulated HepG2 cells were utilized. Results Our results revealed Linarin remarkably attenuated the loss of hepatic architecture, inflammatory cell infiltration, serum transaminases, and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by CCl4. Linarin attenuated CCl4-induced oxidative stress by increasing the expression of cytosolic Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), inducing nuclear localization of Nrf2, and increasing stress-induced protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Additionally, Linarin decreased the expression of toll-like receptors (TLR)-4, and its downstream proteins, MyD88, IRAK1, and TRAF6. Furthermore, Linarin reversed CCl4-induced phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK. Importantly, Linarin increased the expression of both LC3II and Beclin 1, which are hallmarks of autophagic flux. Autophagy-mediated hepatoprotective effects in Linarin-treated HepG2 cells were mitigated by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. However, combined treatment of Linarin with 3-MA failed to significantly reverse cell apoptosis and the production of transaminases and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion Linarin prevents acute liver injury, possibly by alleviating ROS-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 and JNK/p38/ERK-mediated inflammatory responses, and promoting Beclin 1/LC3II-mediated autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan NO.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuqian Wang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan NO.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiexiang Gao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao X, Yin F, Fu L, Ma Y, Ye L, Huang Y, Fan W, Gao W, Cai Y, Mou X. Garlic-derived exosome-like nanovesicles as a hepatoprotective agent alleviating acute liver failure by inhibiting CCR2/CCR5 signaling and inflammation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213592. [PMID: 37717364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome mostly induced by viral infections or drug abuse. As a novel therapeutic adjuvant or delivery vehicle, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNVs) have been extensively studied in recent years. This study aimed to develop garlic-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (GaELNVs) in order to ameliorate liver injury induced by LPS/D-GalN in mice, inhibit inflammatory eruption and reduce inflammatory cells infiltration. The results showed that treatment with GaELNVs improved liver pathology and reduced the levels of soluble inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum of ALF mice. GaELNVs reversed the upregulation of Cleaved Caspase-9, Cleaved Caspase-3, p53 and Bax expression and decreased Bcl2 activation caused by D-GalN/LPS, and inhibited NF-κB p65 expression and translocation to the nucleus. Meanwhile, treatment with GaELNVs resulted significant reduction in NLRP3 activation and Caspase-1 maturation, as well as decrease in the release of the inflammatory mediator IL-18. Additionally, an upregulation of the expression of proteins related to energy metabolism and autophagy occurrence including Foxo3a, Sirt1, and LC3-II was detected in the liver. Oral administration of GaELNVs also led to significant alteration in the expression of F4/80 and CD11b in the liver. Furthermore, the detection of chemokines in mouse liver tissue revealed that GaELNVs exhibited minimal reduction in the expression of CCL2, CCL3, CCL5 and CCL8. The decreased expression of CCR2 and CCR5 in the liver suggests that GaELNVs have the ability to decrease the recruitment of monocytes from the circulation to the liver. A reduction in the infiltration of F4/80loCD11bhi monocyte-derived macrophages into the liver was also observed. This study provides novel evidence that GaELNVs can ameliorate inflammatory eruptions and hinder the migration of circulating monocytes to the liver, as well as decrease macrophage infiltration by inhibiting CCR2/CCR5 signaling. Consequently, GaELNVs hold promise as a novel therapeutic agent for clinical management of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Human Intestinal Microflora Function Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Luoqin Fu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yingyu Ma
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Luyi Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Yilin Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Weijiao Fan
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenxue Gao
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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18
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Li X, Gong S, Chen W, Zhao Y, Fu K, Zheng Y, Chen J. Schisandrol A, a bioactive constituent from Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, alleviates drug-induced liver injury by autophagy activation via exosomes. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106751. [PMID: 37531820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the bioactive compounds of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF) and their mechanisms of action in the treatment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), specifically Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced DILI. METHOD Chemical components in SCF were identified using the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method. Active components were then screened using HotMap, combined with SCF efficacy results concerning the prevention and treatment of drug-induced liver injury. Its direct target was elucidated using a comprehensive chemical-pharmacodynamic-exosome approach. RESULT We identified Schisandrol A, is a lignan component, as a key active compound that improved the symptoms DILI in mouse liver tissue; specifically, reducing oxidative stress and thereby the inflammatory response. To further understand the biological function of miRNAs in mouse liver exosomes, we used TargetScan (v5.0) and Miranda (v3.3a) to predict the target genes of MicroRNAs (miRNAs), where changes in the expression of mmu-let-7 family miRNAs were closely related to autophagy. This revealed differential miRNA target genes that were involved in 20 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including glycerol phosphate metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, phospholipase D signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, and Ras signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Schisandrol A alleviated the symptoms of DILI in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, whereas, it alleviated DILI by activating autophagy in the exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankuan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Sihan Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Weishan Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kun Fu
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Yanchao Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Jingzi Chen
- Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Department, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China.
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19
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Ge J, Li H, Yang JQ, Yue Y, Lu SY, Nie HY, Zhang T, Sun PM, Yan HF, Sun HW, Yang JW, Zhou JL, Cui Y. Autophagy in hepatic macrophages can be regulator and potential therapeutic target of liver diseases: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33698. [PMID: 37171337 PMCID: PMC10174421 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic macrophages are a complex population of cells that play an important role in the normal functioning of the liver and in liver diseases. Autophagy, as a maintainer of cellular homeostasis, is closely connected to many liver diseases. And its roles are not always beneficial, but manifesting as a double-edged sword. The polarization of macrophages and the activation of inflammasomes are mediated by intracellular and extracellular signals, respectively, and are important ways for macrophages to take part in a variety of liver diseases. More attention should be paid to autophagy of hepatic macrophages in liver diseases. In this review, we focus on the regulatory role of hepatic macrophages' autophagy in a variety of liver diseases; especially on the upstream regulator of polarization and inflammasomes activation of the hepatic macrophages. We believe that the autophagy of hepatic macrophages can become a potential therapeutic target for management of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-Qi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Yun Nie
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pei-Ming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Feng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Wu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
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20
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Yang Y, Ni M, Zong R, Yu M, Sun Y, Li J, Chen P, Li C. Targeting Notch1-YAP Circuit Reprograms Macrophage Polarization and Alleviates Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:1085-1104. [PMID: 36706917 PMCID: PMC10036742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic immune system disorder plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury. The intrinsic signaling mechanisms responsible for dampening excessive activation of liver macrophages are not completely understood. The Notch and Hippo-YAP signaling pathways have been implicated in immune homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the interactive cell signaling networks of Notch1/YAP pathway during acute liver injury. METHODS Myeloid-specific Notch1 knockout (Notch1M-KO) mice and the floxed Notch1 (Notch1FL/FL) mice were subjected to lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine toxicity. Some mice were injected via the tail vein with bone marrow-derived macrophages transfected with lentivirus-expressing YAP. Some mice were injected with YAP siRNA using an in vivo mannose-mediated delivery system. RESULTS We found that the activated Notch1 and YAP signaling in liver macrophages were closely related to lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury. Macrophage/neutrophil infiltration, proinflammatory mediators, and hepatocellular apoptosis were markedly ameliorated in Notch1M-KO mice. Importantly, myeloid Notch1 deficiency depressed YAP signaling and facilitated M2 macrophage polarization in the injured liver. Furthermore, YAP overexpression in Notch1M-KO livers exacerbated liver damage and shifted macrophage polarization toward the M1 phenotype. Mechanistically, macrophage Notch1 signaling could transcriptionally activate YAP gene expression. Reciprocally, YAP transcriptionally upregulated the Notch ligand Jagged1 gene expression and was essential for Notch1-mediated macrophage polarization. Finally, dual inhibition of Notch1 and YAP in macrophages further promoted M2 polarization and alleviated liver damage. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore a novel molecular insight into the Notch1-YAP circuit for controlling macrophage polarization in acute liver injury, raising the possibility of targeting macrophage Notch1-YAP circuit as an effective strategy for liver inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China; Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruobin Zong
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxue Yu
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Yishuang Sun
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China.
| | - Changyong Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China.
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21
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He M, Chu T, Wang Z, Feng Y, Shi R, He M, Feng S, Lu L, Cai C, Fang F, Zhang X, Liu Y, Gao B. Inhibition of macrophages inflammasome activation via autophagic degradation of HMGB1 by EGCG ameliorates HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147379. [PMID: 37122751 PMCID: PMC10140519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing response that can lead to end-stage liver diseases without effective treatment, in which HBV infection is a major cause. However, the underlying mechanisms for the development of HBV-induced fibrosis remains elusive, and efficacious therapies for this disease are still lacking. In present investigation, we investigated the effect and mechanism of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Methods The effect of EGCG on liver fibrosis was examined in a recombinant cccDNA (rcccDNA) chronic HBV mouse model by immunohistochemical staining, Sirius red and Masson's trichrome staining. The functional relevance between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and inflammasome activation and the role of EGCG in it were analyzed by Western blotting. The effect of EGCG on autophagic flux was determined by Western blotting and flow cytometric analysis. Results EGCG treatment efficiently was found to alleviate HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis in a recombinant cccDNA (rcccDNA) chronic HBV mouse model, a proven suitable research platform for HBV-induced fibrosis. Mechanistically, EGCG was revealed to repress the activation of macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical trigger of HBV-induced liver fibrosis. Further study revealed that EGCG suppressed macrophage inflammasome through downregulating the level of extracellular HMGB1. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that EGCG treatment downregulated the levels of extracellular HMGB1 through activating autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic HMGB1 in hepatocytes. Accordingly, autophagy blockade was revealed to significantly reverse EGCG-mediated inhibition on extracellular HMGB1-activated macrophage inflammasome and thus suppress the therapeutic effect of EGCG on HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Conclusion EGCG ameliorates HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis via autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic HMGB1 and the subsequent suppression of macrophage inflammasome activation. These data provided a new pathogenic mechanism for HBV-induced liver fibrosis involving the extracellular HMGB1-mediated macrophage inflammasome activation, and also suggested EGCG administration as a promising therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziteng Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhan Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muyang He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siheng Feng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Trauma Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
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22
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IL-1β, an important cytokine affecting Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric carcinogenesis. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105933. [PMID: 36494022 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is prevalent around the world and responsible for gastric cancer (GC). The development of GC from gastritis is closely associated with the bacterial virulence and the body's immune response ability. In this process, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays an important role. Under H. pylori infection, IL-1β is highly expressed that result in gastric acid inhibition, GC-related gene methylations and disfunctions, angiogenesis. Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome mediates IL-1β maturation in cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. But how does IL-1β get released across the cell membrane still unclear. In this review, we focus on the secretion mechanism of IL-1β across the membrane, and to explore the role of IL-1β in the progression of GC.
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23
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Wen JH, Li DY, Liang S, Yang C, Tang JX, Liu HF. Macrophage autophagy in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation and organ fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:946832. [PMID: 36275654 PMCID: PMC9583253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.946832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the essential regulators of organ fibrosis, macrophages undergo marked phenotypic and functional changes after organ injury. These changes in macrophage phenotype and function can result in maladaptive repair, causing chronic inflammation and the development of pathological fibrosis. Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is one of the major players to maintain the homeostasis of macrophages through clearing protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and invading pathogens. Emerging evidence has shown that macrophage autophagy plays an essential role in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation, and organ fibrosis. Because of the high heterogeneity of macrophages in different organs, different macrophage types may play different roles in organ fibrosis. Here, we review the current understanding of the function of macrophage autophagy in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation, and organ fibrosis in different organs, highlight the potential role of macrophage autophagy in the treatment of fibrosis. Finally, the important unresolved issues in this field are briefly discussed. A better understanding of the mechanisms that macrophage autophagy in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation, and organ fibrosis may contribute to developing novel therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases and organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ji-Xin Tang
- *Correspondence: Ji-Xin Tang, ; Hua-Feng Liu,
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24
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Pant A, Yao X, Lavedrine A, Viret C, Dockterman J, Chauhan S, Chong-Shan Shi, Manjithaya R, Cadwell K, Kufer TA, Kehrl JH, Coers J, Sibley LD, Faure M, Taylor GA, Chauhan S. Interactions of Autophagy and the Immune System in Health and Diseases. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2022; 1:438-515. [PMID: 37425656 PMCID: PMC10327624 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2022.2119743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved process that utilizes lysosomes to selectively degrade a variety of intracellular cargo, thus providing quality control over cellular components and maintaining cellular regulatory functions. Autophagy is triggered by multiple stimuli ranging from nutrient starvation to microbial infection. Autophagy extensively shapes and modulates the inflammatory response, the concerted action of immune cells, and secreted mediators aimed to eradicate a microbial infection or to heal sterile tissue damage. Here, we first review how autophagy affects innate immune signaling, cell-autonomous immune defense, and adaptive immunity. Then, we discuss the role of non-canonical autophagy in microbial infections and inflammation. Finally, we review how crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation influences infectious, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Pant
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Aude Lavedrine
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Christophe Viret
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Jake Dockterman
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Swati Chauhan
- Cell biology and Infectious diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Chong-Shan Shi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Kufer
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - John H. Kehrl
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - L. David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Sch. Med., St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mathias Faure
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Sch. Med., St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Santosh Chauhan
- Cell biology and Infectious diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- CSIR–Centre For Cellular And Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana
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Morishita H, Komatsu M. Role of autophagy in liver diseases. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee J, Kim SJ, Choi GE, Yi E, Park HJ, Choi WS, Jang YJ, Kim HS. Sweet taste receptor agonists attenuate macrophage IL-1β expression and eosinophilic inflammation linked to autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1021. [PMID: 35988262 PMCID: PMC9393075 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic inflammation is a hallmark of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and considered a major therapeutic target. Autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells plays a causal role in eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) via macrophage IL-1β overproduction, thereby suggesting autophagy regulation as a potential therapeutic modality. Trehalose is a disaccharide sugar with known pro-autophagy activity and effective in alleviating diverse inflammatory diseases. We sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of autophagy-enhancing agent, trehalose, or related sugar compounds, and the underlying mechanism focusing on macrophage IL-1β production in ECRS pathogenesis. METHODS We investigated the therapeutic effects of trehalose and saccharin on macrophage IL-1β production and eosinophilia in the mouse model of ECRS with myeloid cell-specific autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7) deletion. The mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using specific inhibitor, genetic knockdown or knockout, and overexpression of cognate receptors. RESULTS Unexpectedly, trehalose significantly attenuated eosinophilia and disease pathogenesis in ECRS mice caused by autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells. This autophagy-independent effect was associated with reduced macrophage IL-1β expression. Various sugars recapitulated the anti-inflammatory effect of trehalose, and saccharin was particularly effective amongst other sugars. The mechanistic study revealed an involvement of sweet taste receptor (STR), especially T1R3, in alleviating macrophage IL-1β production and eosinophilia in CRS, which was supported by genetic depletion of T1R3 or overexpression of T1R2/T1R3 in macrophages and treatment with the T1R3 antagonist gurmarin. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a previously unappreciated anti-inflammatory effect of STR agonists, particularly trehalose and saccharin, and may provide an alternative strategy to autophagy modulation in the ECRS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - So Jeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Go Eun Choi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Department of Clinical Laboratory ScienceCatholic University of PusanBusanKorea
| | - Eunbi Yi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hyo Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Woo Seon Choi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Yong Ju Jang
- Department of OtolaryngologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hun Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Department of MicrobiologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC)Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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Guo FF, Meng FG, Zhang XN, Zeng T. Spermidine inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages by acting on Nrf2 signaling but not autophagy. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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28
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Yao X, Cao Y, Lu L, Xu Y, Chen H, Liu C, Chen D, Wang K, Xu J, Fang R, Xia H, Li J, Fang Q, Tao Z. Plasmodium infection suppresses colon cancer growth by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis associated with disrupting mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in mice. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:192. [PMID: 35668501 PMCID: PMC9169289 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor with a poor prognosis, and thus new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The antitumor effect of Plasmodium infection has been reported in some murine models, but it is not clear whether it has an anti-colon cancer effect. In this study, we investigated the anti-colon cancer effect of Plasmodium infection and its related mechanisms using a mouse model of colon cancer. METHODS An experimental model was established by intraperitoneal injection of Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL-infected erythrocytes into mice with colon cancer. The size of tumors was observed dynamically in mice, and the expression of Ki67 detected by immunohistochemistry was used to analyze tumor cell proliferation. Apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins including Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the ultrastructural change in colon cancer cells, and the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis correlative central protein, PGC-1α, and mitophagy relevant crucial proteins, PINK1/Parkin, were detected by western blot. RESULTS We found that Plasmodium infection reduced the weight and size of tumors and decreased the expression of Ki67 in colon cancer-bearing mice. Furthermore, Plasmodium infection promoted mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in colon cancer cells, as evidenced by the increased proportion of TUNEL-positive cells, the upregulated expression of Bax, caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, and the downregulated expression of Bcl-2 protein. In colon cancer cells, we found destroyed cell nuclei, swollen mitochondria, missing cristae, and a decreased number of autolysosomes. In addition, Plasmodium infection disturbed mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy through the reduced expression of PGC-1α, PINK1, and Parkin proteins in colon cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Plasmodium infection can play an anti-colon cancer role in mice by inhibiting proliferation and promoting mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in colon cancer cells, which may relate to mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Li Lu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuanxia Xu
- Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Chuanqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Dianyi Chen
- Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Kexue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingxiang Xu
- Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Runqi Fang
- Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiangyan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Qiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China. .,School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Zhiyong Tao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
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Huang C, You Q, Xu J, Wu D, Chen H, Guo Y, Xu J, Hu M, Qian H. An mTOR siRNA-Loaded Spermidine/DNA Tetrahedron Nanoplatform with a Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effect on Acute Lung Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200008. [PMID: 35167728 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe inflammation and damage to the lung air-blood barrier, resulting in respiratory function damage and life-threatening outcomes. Macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and outcome of ALI. As drug carriers, self-assembled DNA nanostructures can potentially overcome the drawbacks and limitations of traditional anti-inflammatory agents owing to their nontoxicity, programmability, and excellent structural control at the nanoscale. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) and drug dual therapy nanoplatform are proposed and constructed here to combat ALI. The nanoplatform consists of a spermidine-assembled DNA tetrahedron and four mammalian target of rapamycin siRNAs. Spermidine serves as a mediator of drug delivery vehicle synthesis and a drug that alters macrophage polarization. Both spermidine and siRNA exert anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo by regulating the macrophage phenotype. More importantly, these factors exhibit a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect by promoting macrophage autophagy. For the first time, an anti-inflammatory dual therapy strategy that uses self-assembled DNA nanostructures as nontoxic, programmable delivery vehicles is proposed and demonstrated through this work. Future work on utilizing DNA nanostructures for the treatment of noncancerous diseases such as ALI is highly promising and desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowang Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Services Medicine Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Qianyi You
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Services Medicine Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Services Medicine Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Huaping Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Services Medicine Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Jiancheng Xu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Mingdong Hu
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Services Medicine Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Hang Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases Xinqiao Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
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Alanyl-Glutamine Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Injury in Mice via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inhibiting Inflammation, and Regulating Autophagy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061070. [PMID: 35739966 PMCID: PMC9220087 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury is a worldwide problem with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and effective pharmacological therapies are still urgently needed. Alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln), a dipeptide formed from L-alanine and L-glutamine, is known as a protective compound that is involved in various tissue injuries, but there are limited reports regarding the effects of Ala-Gln in acute liver injury. This present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Ala-Gln in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury in mice, with a focus on inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. The acute liver injury induced using LPS (50 μg/kg) and D-galactosamine (D-Gal) (400 mg/kg) stimulation in mice was significantly attenuated after Ala-Gln treatment (500 and 1500 mg/kg), as evidenced by reduced plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) (p < 0.01, p < 0.001), aspartate transaminase (AST) (p < 0.05, p < 0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) levels, and accompanied by improved histopathological changes. In addition, LPS/D-Gal-induced hepatic apoptosis was also alleviated by Ala-Gln administration, as shown by a greatly decreased ratio of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes, from approximately 10% to 2%, and markedly reduced protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) in liver. Moreover, we found that LPS/D-Gal-triggered oxidative stress was suppressed after Ala-Gln treatment, the effect of which might be dependent on the elevation of SOD and GPX activities, and on GSH levels in liver. Interestingly, we observed that Ala-Gln clearly inhibited LPS/D-Gal exposure-induced macrophage accumulation and the production of proinflammatory factors in the liver. Furthermore, Ala-Gln greatly regulated autophagy in the liver in LPS/D-Gal-treated mice. Using RAW264.7 cells, we confirmed the anti-inflammatory role of Ala-Gln-targeting macrophages.
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Upregulation of Nrf2 signaling and suppression of ferroptosis and NF-κB pathway by leonurine attenuate iron overload-induced hepatotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 356:109875. [PMID: 35247364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is a major health concern that associates the iron overload diseases including hemochromatosis, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia. Induction of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation substantially mediates the iron-evoked hepatotoxicity. The current work investigated the potential protective effect of the natural alkaloid leonurine against the iron-induced hepatotoxicity and elucidated the underlining molecular mechanisms. Male Wistar rats were treated with iron only (30 mg/kg every other day over a ten-day period via intraperitoneal injection) or with iron and leonurine (leonurine: 100 mg/kg/day per oral via gastric gavage for 10 days) to establish the iron-overload model. Liver and blood specimens were then collected and subjected to molecular, biochemical, and histopathological investigations. The results revealed the ability of leonuirne to suppress the iron-induced ferroptosis as reflected by modulation of the ferroptotic biomarkers glutathione peroxidase 4, cyclooxygenase-2, liver iron content, lipid hydroperoxides, and the leakage of the liver intracellular enzymes. Leonurine alleviated the iron-induced oxidative damage and inflammatory response in the liver tissues as indicated by decreased levels of DNA oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the same context, it improved the antioxidant potential of the liver tissues and ameliorated the iorn-induced histopathological abnormalities. Mechanistically, leonurine enhanced nuclear translocation of the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased protein levels of its downstream targets NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase-1. Additionally, it suppressed the nuclear translocation of the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and downregulated its downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta. The study highlights the hepatoprotective activity of leonurine against the iron-evoked hepatotoxicity that is potentially mediated through modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling.
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Yu Z, Xie X, Su X, Lv H, Song S, Liu C, You Y, Tian M, Zhu L, Wang L, Qi J, Zhu Q. ATRA-mediated-crosstalk between stellate cells and Kupffer cells inhibits autophagy and promotes NLRP3 activation in acute liver injury. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu R, Cui J, Sun Y, Xu W, Wang Z, Wu M, Dong H, Yang C, Hong S, Yin S, Wang H. Autophagy deficiency promotes M1 macrophage polarization to exacerbate acute liver injury via ATG5 repression during aging. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:397. [PMID: 34930917 PMCID: PMC8688512 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging disrupts the maintenance of liver homeostasis, which impairs hepatocyte regeneration and aggravates acute liver injury (ALI), ultimately leading to the development of acute liver failure (ALF), a systemic inflammatory response, and even death. Macrophages influence the progression and outcome of ALI through the innate immune system. However, it is still unclear how macrophages regulate ALI during aging. The variation in macrophage autophagy with aging and the influence on macrophage polarization and cytokine release were assessed in BMDMs in vitro. Then, after BMDMs subjected to several treatments were intravenously or intraperitoneally injected into mice, thioacetamide (TAA)-induced ALI (TAA-ALI) was established, and its effects on inflammation, injury, and mortality were assessed. We found that aging aggravated the liver injury, along with increases in the levels of proinflammatory mediators, presenting a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which promoted macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype. In addition, autophagy levels decreased significantly in aged mice, which was ascribed to ATG5 repression during aging. Notably, enhancing autophagy levels in aged BMDMs restored macrophage polarization to that observed under young conditions. Finally, autophagy restoration in aged BMDMs enhanced the protective effect against TAA-ALI, similar to M2 macrophages induced by IL-4. Overall, we demonstrated that the influence of aging on macrophage polarization is an important aggravating factor in TAA-ALI, and the autophagy in macrophages is associated with the aging phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Juanjuan Cui
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Yating Sun
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Wentao Xu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Ziming Wang
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Huke Dong
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Congcong Yang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Shaocheng Hong
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Shi Yin
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001 China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. .,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Yang Y, Wei S, Chu K, Li Q, Zhou Y, Ma Y, Xue L, Tian H, Tao S. Upregulation of autophagy in M2 macrophage by vitamin D alleviates crystalline silica-induced pulmonary inflammatory damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112730. [PMID: 34478973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline silica (CS) is a universal environmental pollutant, which causes a typical inflammatory lung injury. Vitamin D shows huge potential against particles-induced lung injury, while little known about the molecular mechanism involved in macrophage autophagy. In this study, we aim to identify the protective effects of vitamin D on CS caused lung inflammatory injury and clarify the detail mechanism. After exposure to CS (3 mg/mice in 50 μl PBS), wildtype and Atg7flox/flox Lyz2-cre mice were treated with or without vitamin D3 (40,000 IU/kg). The results indicated that exposure to CS caused an obvious lung injury, manifesting as pathological structural changes, macrophage-dominated inflammatory cell infiltration and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Remarkably, these damages were more serious in Atg7flox/flox Lyz2-cre mice. Vitamin D was found to inverse CS-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and restored anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by inducing autophagy, which attenuated lung injury, as determined by decreased levels of apoptosis and inflammatory response. While, this effects of vitamin D were slashed in Atg7flox/flox Lyz2-cre mice. This study reveals the adverse effect of CS on lung tissue and the protective mechanism of vitamin D involved in M2 macrophages autophagy, which attenuates CS-caused lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kaimiao Chu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qianmin Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yujia Zhou
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, No. 1 Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lian Xue
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, No. 1 Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Shen Y, Cingolani F, Malik SA, Wen J, Liu Y, Czaja MJ. Sex-Specific Regulation of Interferon-γ Cytotoxicity in Mouse Liver by Autophagy. Hepatology 2021; 74:2745-2758. [PMID: 34118081 PMCID: PMC8542567 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Interferon-γ (IFNγ) is a central activator of immune responses in the liver and other organs. IFNγ triggers tissue injury and inflammation in immune diseases, which occur predominantly in females for unknown reasons. Recent findings that autophagy regulates hepatotoxicity from proinflammatory cytokines led to an examination of whether defective hepatocyte autophagy underlies sex-specific liver injury and inflammation induced by IFNγ. APPROACH AND RESULTS A lentiviral autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) knockdown was performed to decrease autophagy-sensitized alpha mouse liver (AML 12) hepatocytes to death from IFNγ in combination with IL-1β or TNF. Death was necrosis attributable to impaired energy homeostasis and adenosine triphosphate depletion. Male mice with decreased autophagy from a tamoxifen-inducible, hepatocyte-specific Atg5 knockout were resistant to IFNγ hepatotoxicity whereas female knockout mice developed liver injury and inflammation. Female mice had increased IFNγ-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) levels compared to males. Blocking STAT1, but not interferon regulatory factor 1, signaling prevented IFNγ-induced hepatocyte death in autophagy-deficient AML12 cells and female mice. The mechanism of death is STAT1-induced overexpression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) as in vitro hepatocyte death and in vivo liver injury were blocked by NOS2 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Decreased hepatocyte autophagy sensitizes mice to IFNγ-induced liver injury and inflammation through overactivation of STAT1 signaling that causes NOS2 overexpression. Hepatotoxicity is restricted to female mice, suggesting that sex-specific effects of defective autophagy may underlie the increased susceptibility of females to IFNγ-mediated immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Francesca Cingolani
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jing Wen
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yunshan Liu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mark J. Czaja
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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The immune niche of the liver. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2445-2466. [PMID: 34709406 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The liver is an essential organ that is critical for the removal of toxins, the production of proteins, and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Behind each liver functional unit, termed lobules, hides a heterogeneous, complex, and well-orchestrated system. Despite parenchymal cells being most commonly associated with the liver's primary functionality, it has become clear that it is the immune niche of the liver that plays a central role in maintaining both local and systemic homeostasis by propagating hepatic inflammation and orchestrating its resolution. As such, the immunological processes that are at play in healthy and diseased livers are being investigated thoroughly in order to understand the underpinnings of inflammation and the potential avenues for restoring homeostasis. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the immune niche of the liver and provides perspectives for how the implementation of new transcriptomic, multimodal, and spatial technologies can uncover the heterogeneity, plasticity, and location of hepatic immune populations. Findings from these technologies will further our understanding of liver biology and create a new framework for the identification of therapeutic targets.
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Klionsky DJ, Petroni G, Amaravadi RK, Baehrecke EH, Ballabio A, Boya P, Bravo‐San Pedro JM, Cadwell K, Cecconi F, Choi AMK, Choi ME, Chu CT, Codogno P, Colombo M, Cuervo AM, Deretic V, Dikic I, Elazar Z, Eskelinen E, Fimia GM, Gewirtz DA, Green DR, Hansen M, Jäättelä M, Johansen T, Juhász G, Karantza V, Kraft C, Kroemer G, Ktistakis NT, Kumar S, Lopez‐Otin C, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Martinez J, Meléndez A, Mizushima N, Münz C, Penninger JM, Perera R, Piacentini M, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein DC, Ryan K, Sadoshima J, Santambrogio L, Scorrano L, Simon H, Simon AK, Simonsen A, Stolz A, Tavernarakis N, Tooze SA, Yoshimori T, Yuan J, Yue Z, Zhong Q, Galluzzi L, Pietrocola F. Autophagy in major human diseases. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108863. [PMID: 34459017 PMCID: PMC8488577 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 681] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses promote or aggravate disease in a plethora of experimental models. Consistently, mutations in autophagy-related processes cause severe human pathologies. Here, we review and discuss preclinical data linking autophagy dysfunction to the pathogenesis of major human disorders including cancer as well as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, pulmonary, renal, infectious, musculoskeletal, and ocular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliItaly
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine, and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children HospitalHoustonTXUSA
| | - Patricia Boya
- Margarita Salas Center for Biological ResearchSpanish National Research CouncilMadridSpain
| | - José Manuel Bravo‐San Pedro
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment Section of PhysiologyComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball InstituteNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineNew York University Langone HealthNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival UnitCenter for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD)Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Pediatric Onco‐Hematology and Cell and Gene TherapyIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’RomeItaly
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Mary E Choi
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker‐Enfants MaladesINSERM U1151‐CNRS UMR 8253ParisFrance
- Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maria Isabel Colombo
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares Implicados en el Tráfico Vesicular y la Autofagia‐Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM)‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoCONICET‐ Facultad de Ciencias MédicasMendozaArgentina
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular BiologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
- Institute for Aging StudiesAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism (AIMCenter of Biomedical Research ExcellenceUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
- Department of EpidemiologyPreclinical Research, and Advanced DiagnosticsNational Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘L. Spallanzani’ IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of ImmunologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteProgram of DevelopmentAging, and RegenerationLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and MetabolismCenter for Autophagy, Recycling & DiseaseDanish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Terje Johansen
- Department of Medical BiologyMolecular Cancer Research GroupUniversity of Tromsø—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Institute of GeneticsBiological Research CenterSzegedHungary
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyZBMZFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersEquipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le CancerUniversité de ParisSorbonne UniversitéInserm U1138Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsInstitut Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
- Pôle de BiologieHôpital Européen Georges PompidouAP‐HPParisFrance
- Suzhou Institute for Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSuzhouChina
- Karolinska InstituteDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | | | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer BiologyUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Carlos Lopez‐Otin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA)Universidad de OviedoOviedoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
| | - Kay F Macleod
- The Ben May Department for Cancer ResearchThe Gordon Center for Integrative SciencesW‐338The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
- The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth – University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNIHResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
| | - Alicia Meléndez
- Biology Department, Queens CollegeCity University of New YorkFlushingNYUSA
- The Graduate Center Biology and Biochemistry PhD Programs of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral ImmunobiologyInstitute of Experimental ImmunologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)Vienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
- Department of Medical GeneticsLife Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Rushika M Perera
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”RomeItaly
- Laboratory of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Cytology Russian Academy of ScienceSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & SystemsMolecular Cell Biology SectionUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical GeneticsCambridge Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
- Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular MedicineCardiovascular Research InstituteRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Istituto Veneto di Medicina MolecolarePadovaItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Hans‐Uwe Simon
- Institute of PharmacologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologySechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Molecular ImmunologyInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and BiologyKazan Federal UniversityKazanRussia
| | | | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Centre for Cancer Cell ReprogrammingInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute for Cancer ResearchOslo University Hospital MontebelloOsloNorway
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyFoundation for Research and Technology‐HellasHeraklion, CreteGreece
- Department of Basic SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklion, CreteGreece
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of AutophagyThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of GeneticsGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Department of Intracellular Membrane DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science DivisionInstitute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of NeurologyFriedman Brain InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationDepartment of PathophysiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU‐SM)ShanghaiChina
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of DermatologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Université de ParisParisFrance
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38
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Deust A, Chobert MN, Demontant V, Gricourt G, Denaës T, Thiolat A, Ruiz I, Rodriguez C, Pawlotsky JM, Teixeira-Clerc F. Macrophage autophagy protects against hepatocellular carcinogenesis in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18809. [PMID: 34552122 PMCID: PMC8458469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway of cellular components that regulates macrophage properties. Macrophages are critically involved in tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis and immune suppression. Here, we investigated whether macrophage autophagy may protect against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experiments were performed in mice with deletion of the autophagy gene Atg5 in the myeloid lineage (ATG5Mye-/- mice) and their wild-type (WT) littermates. As compared to WT, ATG5Mye-/- mice were more susceptible to diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, as shown by enhanced tumor number and volume. Moreover, DEN-treated ATG5Mye-/- mice exhibited compromised immune cell recruitment and activation in the liver, suggesting that macrophage autophagy invalidation altered the antitumoral immune response. RNA sequencing showed that autophagy-deficient macrophages sorted from DEN mice are characterized by an enhanced expression of immunosuppressive markers. In vitro studies demonstrated that hepatoma cells impair the autophagy flux of macrophages and stimulate their expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), a major regulator of the immune checkpoint. Moreover, pharmacological activation of autophagy reduces hepatoma cell-induced PD-L1 expression in cultured macrophages while inhibition of autophagy further increases PD-L1 expression suggesting that autophagy invalidation in macrophages induces an immunosuppressive phenotype. These results uncover macrophage autophagy as a novel protective pathway regulating liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Deust
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
| | - Marie-Noële Chobert
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
| | - Vanessa Demontant
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France.,Plateforme de Génomique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | - Timothé Denaës
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
| | - Allan Thiolat
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
| | - Isaac Ruiz
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
| | - Christophe Rodriguez
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France.,Plateforme de Génomique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Michel Pawlotsky
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France.,Département de Virologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Fatima Teixeira-Clerc
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France. .,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, Créteil, France. .,INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000, Créteil, France.
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39
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Qian Q, Ma Q, Wang B, Qian Q, Zhao C, Feng F, Dong X. MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9214-9227. [PMID: 34428336 PMCID: PMC8500965 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational disease characterized by extensive pulmonary fibrosis, and the underlying pathological process remains uncertain. Herein, we explored the molecular mechanism by which microRNA‐205‐5p (miR‐205‐5p) affects the autophagy of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and pulmonary fibrosis in mice with silicosis through the E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1)/S‐phase kinase‐associated protein 2 (SKP2)/Beclin1 axis. Alveolar macrophages (MH‐S cells) were exposed to crystalline silica (CS) to develop an in vitro model, and mice were treated with CS to establish an in vivo model. Decreased Beclin1 and increased SKP2 and E2F1 were identified in mice with silicosis. We silenced or overexpressed miR‐205‐5p, E2F1, SKP2 and Beclin1 to investigate their potential roles in pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and autophagy in vitro. Recombinant adenovirus mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 was transduced into the MH‐S cells to assay autophagic flow. Knocking down Beclin1 promoted pulmonary fibrosis and suppressed the autophagy. Co‐immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays suggested that SKP2 induced K48‐linked ubiquitination of Beclin1. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation‐PCR revealed the site where E2F1 bound to the SKP2 promoter between 1638 bp and 1645 bp. As shown by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay, the transfection with miR‐205‐5p mimic inhibited the luciferase activity of the wild‐type E2F1 3′untranslated region, suggesting that miR‐205‐5p targeted E2F1. Additionally, miR‐205‐5p overexpression increased autophagy and reduced the pulmonary fibrosis, while overexpression of E2F1 or SKP2 or inhibition of Beclin1 could annul this effect. The current study elucidated that miR‐205‐5p targeted E2F1, thereby inhibiting SKP2‐mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination to promote macrophage autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in mice with silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzeng Qian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- Department of Preventive Health, The Third People's Hospital of Xiangcheng District in Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Qingqiang Qian
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Changsong Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Tangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangshan, China
| | - Fumin Feng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaona Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
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40
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Chen Q, Wang Y, Jiao F, Cao P, Shi C, Pei M, Wang L, Gong Z. HDAC6 inhibitor ACY1215 inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in acute liver failure by regulating the ATM/F-actin signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7218-7228. [PMID: 34180140 PMCID: PMC8335684 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare and critical medical condition. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanism of ACY1215 in ALF mice. Our findings suggested that ACY1215 treatment ameliorates the pathological hepatic damage of ALF and decreases the serum levels of ALT and AST. Furthermore, ACY1215 pretreatment increased the level of ATM, γ‐H2AX, Chk2, p53, p21, F‐actin and vinculin in ALF. Moreover, ACY1215 inhibited the level of NLRP3, ASC, caspase‐1, IL‐1β and IL‐18 in ALF. The ATM inhibitor KU55933 could decrease the level of ATM, γ‐H2AX, Chk2, p53, p21, F‐actin and vinculin in ALF with ACY1215 pretreatment. The F‐actin inhibitor cytochalasin B decreased the level of F‐actin and vinculin in ALF with ACY1215 pretreatment. However, cytochalasin B had no effect on protein levels of ATM, Chk2, p53 and p21 in ALF with ACY1215 pretreatment. Cytochalasin B could dramatically increase the level of NLRP3, ASC, caspase‐1, IL‐1β and IL‐18 in ALF with ACY1215 pretreatment. These results indicated that ACY1215 exhibited hepatoprotective properties, which was associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, and this effect of ACY1215 was connected with upregulation of the ATM/F‐actin mediated signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Fangzhou Jiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Pan Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Chunxia Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Maohua Pei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Luwen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Zuojiong Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
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41
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Qian H, Chao X, Williams J, Fulte S, Li T, Yang L, Ding WX. Autophagy in liver diseases: A review. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:100973. [PMID: 34120768 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a highly dynamic metabolic organ that plays critical roles in plasma protein synthesis, gluconeogenesis and glycogen storage, cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis as well as drug/xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification. Research from the past decades indicate that autophagy, the cellular catabolic process mediated by lysosomes, plays an important role in maintaining cellular and metabolic homeostasis in the liver. Hepatic autophagy fluctuates with hormonal cues and the availability of nutrients that respond to fed and fasting states as well as circadian activities. Dysfunction of autophagy in liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells can lead to various liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, alcohol associated liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, cholestasis, viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, targeting autophagy may be a potential strategy for treating these various liver diseases. In this review, we will discuss the current progress on the understanding of autophagy in liver physiology. We will also discuss several forms of selective autophagy in the liver and the molecular signaling pathways in regulating autophagy of different cell types and their implications in various liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Jessica Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Sam Fulte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Tiangang Li
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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42
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Liu H, Fafeng, Cheng, Tang F, Wang Y, Liu S, Wang X. Paeoniflorin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in LO2 cells by regulating RhoA/NLRP3 pathway. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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43
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Lucantoni F, Martínez-Cerezuela A, Gruevska A, Moragrega ÁB, Víctor VM, Esplugues JV, Blas-García A, Apostolova N. Understanding the implication of autophagy in the activation of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis: are we there yet? J Pathol 2021; 254:216-228. [PMID: 33834482 DOI: 10.1002/path.5678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) occurs as a result of persistent liver injury and can be defined as a pathologic, chronic, wound-healing process in which functional parenchyma is progressively replaced by fibrotic tissue. As a phenomenon involved in the majority of chronic liver diseases, and therefore prevalent, it exerts a significant impact on public health. This impact becomes even more patent given the lack of a specific pharmacological therapy, with LF only being ameliorated or prevented through the use of agents that alleviate the underlying causes. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are fundamental mediators of LF, which, activated in response to pro-fibrotic stimuli, transdifferentiate from a quiescent phenotype into myofibroblasts that deposit large amounts of fibrotic tissue and mediate pro-inflammatory effects. In recent years, much effort has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms through which HSCs are activated or inactivated. Using cell culture and/or different animal models, numerous studies have shown that autophagy is enhanced during the fibrogenic process and have provided specific evidence to pinpoint the fundamental role of autophagy in HSC activation. This effect involves - though may not be limited to - the autophagic degradation of lipid droplets. Several hepatoprotective agents have been shown to reverse the autophagic alteration present in LF, but clinical confirmation of these effects is pending. On the other hand, there is evidence that implicates autophagy in several anti-fibrotic mechanisms in HSCs that stimulate HSC cell cycle arrest and cell death or prevent the generation of pro-fibrotic mediators, including excess collagen accumulation. The objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive analysis of published evidence of the role of autophagy in HSC activation and to provide hints for possible therapeutic targets for the treatment and/or prevention of LF related to autophagy. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lucantoni
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Aleksandra Gruevska
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángela B Moragrega
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan V Esplugues
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Blas-García
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO - Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain
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Xue R, Qiu J, Wei S, Liu M, Wang Q, Wang P, Sha B, Wang H, Shi Y, Zhou J, Rao J, Lu L. Lycopene alleviates hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition in Kupffer cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:631. [PMID: 33987329 PMCID: PMC8106004 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid found in many fruits and vegetables, which has antioxidant effects. Although lycopene’s protective effect has been observed on ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in different organs, the effect of lycopene on Kupffer cells (KCs) has not been clearly elucidated in IR-induced acute hepatic inflammatory injury. Methods Mice were administered with either olive oil (10 mL/kg body weight) as the control or lycopene (20 mg/kg body weight) by gavage for 2 weeks before undergoing hepatic IR injury. Results In this study, we observed that the levels of aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and the percentages of hepatocellular apoptosis in mice pretreated with lycopene were significantly lower than control mice. Lycopene inhibited F4/80+ macrophage and Ly6G+ neutrophil accumulation, which further decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Interestingly, lycopene induced increased autophagy in KCs, which was evidenced by elevated autophagosomes and the increased protein level of LC3B. In these KCs, lycopene-induced upregulation of autophagy inhibited NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, which was demonstrated by the reduced mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, an apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and IL-1β. Furthermore, 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, abolished lycopene’s inhibitory effect on the NLRP3 inflammasome in KCs, which led to increased hepatic IR injury. Intriguingly, we identified that the protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were elevated in KCs isolated from IR-stressed mice pretreated with lycopene. Nrf2-siRNA or HO-1-siRNA could block the autophagy activation enhanced by lycopene in KCs, resulting in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and aggravated hepatic IR injury. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that lycopene promoted Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation and further suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome via enhancing KC autophagy, which alleviated hepatic IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xue
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wei
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mu Liu
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bowen Sha
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinren Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Hepatobiliary Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China & Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Cancer Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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45
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Avni D, Harikumar KB, Sanyal AJ, Spiegel S. Deletion or inhibition of SphK1 mitigates fulminant hepatic failure by suppressing TNFα-dependent inflammation and apoptosis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21415. [PMID: 33566377 PMCID: PMC8491138 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002540r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) causes severe liver dysfunction that can lead to multi-organ failure and death. Previous studies suggest that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) protects against hepatocyte injury, yet not much is still known about its involvement in ALF. This study examines the role of SphK1 in D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALF, which is a well-established experimental mouse model that mimics the fulminant hepatitis. Here we report that deletion of SphK1, but not SphK2, dramatically decreased GalN/LPS-induced liver damage, hepatic apoptosis, serum alanine aminotransferase levels, and mortality rate compared to wild-type mice. Whereas GalN/LPS treatment-induced hepatic activation of NF-κB and JNK in wild-type and SphK2-/- mice, these signaling pathways were reduced in SphK1-/- mice. Moreover, repression of ALF in SphK1-/- mice correlated with decreased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα. Adoptive transfer experiments indicated that SphK1 in bone marrow-derived infiltrating immune cells but not in host liver-resident cells, contribute to the development of ALF. Interestingly, LPS-induced TNFα production was drastically suppressed in SphK1-deleted macrophages, whereas IL-10 expression was markedly enhanced, suggesting a switch to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Finally, treatment with a specific SphK1 inhibitor ameliorated inflammation and protected mice from ALF. Our findings suggest that SphK1 regulates TNFα secretion from macrophages and inhibition or deletion of SphK1 mitigated ALF. Thus, a potent inhibitor of SphK1 could potentially be a therapeutic agent for fulminant hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Avni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Arun J. Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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Xia Y, Wang P, Yan N, Gonzalez FJ, Yan T. Withaferin A alleviates fulminant hepatitis by targeting macrophage and NLRP3. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:174. [PMID: 33574236 PMCID: PMC7878893 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis (FH) is an incurable clinical syndrome where novel therapeutics are warranted. Withaferin A (WA), isolated from herb Withania Somnifera, is a hepatoprotective agent. Whether and how WA improves D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced FH is unknown. This study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective role and mechanism of WA in GalN/LPS-induced FH. To determine the preventive and therapeutic effects of WA, wild-type mice were dosed with WA 0.5 h before or 2 h after GalN treatment, followed by LPS 30 min later, and then killed 6 h after LPS treatment. To explore the mechanism of the protective effect, the macrophage scavenger clodronate, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine, or gene knockout mouse lines NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3)-null, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-null, liver-specific AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk)a1 knockout (Ampka1ΔHep) and liver-specific inhibitor of KB kinase β (Ikkb) knockout (IkkbΔHep) mice were subjected to GalN/LPS-induced FH. In wild-type mice, WA potently prevented GalN/LPS-induced FH and inhibited hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and upregulated NRF2 and autophagy signaling. Studies with Nrf2-null, Ampka1ΔHep, and IkkbΔHep mice demonstrated that the hepatoprotective effect was independent of NRF2, hepatic AMPKα1, and IκκB. Similarly, 3-methyladenine cotreatment failed to abolish the hepatoprotective effect of WA. The hepatoprotective effect of WA against GalN/LPS-induced FH was abolished after macrophage depletion, and partially reduced in Nlrp3-null mice. Consistently, WA alleviated LPS-induced inflammation partially dependent on the presence of NLRP3 in primary macrophage in vitro. Notably, WA potently and therapeutically attenuated GalN/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, WA improves GalN/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity by targeting macrophage partially dependent on NLRP3 antagonism, while largely independent of NRF2 signaling, autophagy induction, and hepatic AMPKα1 and IκκB. These results support the concept of treating FH by pharmacologically targeting macrophage and suggest that WA has the potential to be repurposed for clinically treating FH as an immunoregulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangliu Xia
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nana Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Chen RJ, Lee YH, Chen TH, Chen YY, Yeh YL, Chang CP, Huang CC, Guo HR, Wang YJ. Carbon monoxide-triggered health effects: the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1141-1159. [PMID: 33554280 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-02976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been known as a "silent killer" because of its ability to bind hemoglobin (Hb), leading to reduced oxygen carrying capacity of Hb, which is the main cause of CO poisoning (COP) in humans. Emerging studies suggest that mitochondria is a key target of CO action that can impact key biological processes, including apoptosis, cellular proliferation, inflammation, and autophagy. Despite its toxicity at high concentrations, CO also exhibits cyto- and tissue-protective effects at low concentrations in animal models of organ injury and disease. Specifically, CO modulates the production of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and mediators by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Given that human diseases are strongly associated with inflammation, a deep understanding of the exact mechanism is helpful for treatment. Autophagic factors and inflammasomes interact in various situations, including inflammatory disease, and exosomes might function as the bridge between the inflammasome and autophagy activation. Thus, the interplay among autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, exosomes, and the inflammasome may play pivotal roles in the health effects of CO. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the beneficial and toxic effects of CO and their underlying mechanisms, focusing on the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. This knowledge may lead to the development of new therapies for inflammation-related diseases and is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of COP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Senior Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Occupational Safety, Health and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Kouroumalis E, Voumvouraki A, Augoustaki A, Samonakis DN. Autophagy in liver diseases. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:6-65. [PMID: 33584986 PMCID: PMC7856864 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the liver cell energy recycling system regulating a variety of homeostatic mechanisms. Damaged organelles, lipids and proteins are degraded in the lysosomes and their elements are re-used by the cell. Investigations on autophagy have led to the award of two Nobel Prizes and a health of important reports. In this review we describe the fundamental functions of autophagy in the liver including new data on the regulation of autophagy. Moreover we emphasize the fact that autophagy acts like a two edge sword in many occasions with the most prominent paradigm being its involvement in the initiation and progress of hepatocellular carcinoma. We also focused to the implication of autophagy and its specialized forms of lipophagy and mitophagy in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. We analyzed autophagy not only in well studied diseases, like alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis but also in viral hepatitis, biliary diseases, autoimmune hepatitis and rare diseases including inherited metabolic diseases and also acetaminophene hepatotoxicity. We also stressed the different consequences that activation or impairment of autophagy may have in hepatocytes as opposed to Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells or hepatic stellate cells. Finally, we analyzed the limited clinical data compared to the extensive experimental evidence and the possible future therapeutic interventions based on autophagy manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Liver Research Laboratory, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - Argryro Voumvouraki
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Augoustaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Samonakis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Greece.
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Tran M, Wu J, Wang L, Shin DJ. A Potential Role for SerpinA3N in Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 99:277-285. [PMID: 33436521 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used pain and fever reliever but is also the most frequent cause of drug-induced liver injury. The mechanism pertaining acetaminophen toxicity has been well documented, whereas mechanisms of hepatotoxicity are not well established. Serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3N (SerpinA3N), a serine protease inhibitor, is synthesized in the liver but the role of SerpinA3N in relation to APAP-induced liver injury is not known. Wild-type and hepatocyte-specific SerpinA3N knockout (HKO) mice were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of PBS or APAP (400 mg/kg) for 12 hours, and markers of liver injury, cell death, and inflammation were assessed. SerpinA3N expression was highly induced in mice with APAP overdose. SerpinA3N HKO mice had diminished liver injury and necrosis as shown by lower alanine aminotransferase and interleukin-6 levels, accompanied by suppressed inflammatory cytokines and reduced neutrophil infiltration. The reduced oxidative stress was associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme capabilities. Taken together, hepatocyte SerpinA3N deficiency reduced APAP-induced liver injury by ameliorating inflammation and modulating the 5' AMP-activated protein kinase-unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 signaling pathway. Our study provides novel insights into a potential role for SerpinA3N in APAP-induced liver injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our studies indicate that serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3N (SerpinA3N) may have a pathophysiological role in modulating acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. More specifically, mice with hepatic deletion of SerpinA3N suppressed inflammation and liver injury to reduce APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Controlling the inflammatory response offers possible approaches for novel therapeutics; therefore, understanding the pathophysiological role of SerpinA3N in inducing liver injury may add to the development of more efficacious treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
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50
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Complement-5 Inhibition Deters Progression of Fulminant Hepatitis to Acute Liver Failure in Murine Models. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1351-1367. [PMID: 33444818 PMCID: PMC8022253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition with limited treatment alternatives. ALF pathogenesis seemingly involves the complement system. However, no complement-targeted intervention has been clinically applied. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of Complement-5 (C5)-targeted ALF treatment. METHODS ALF was induced in C5-knockout (KO, B10D2/oSn) mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts (B10D2/nSn) through intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and d-galactosamine (D-GalN) administration. Thereafter, monoclonal anti-C5 antibody (Ab) or control immunoglobulin was administered intravenously. Furthermore, a selective C5a-receptor (C5aR) antagonist was administered to WT mice to compare its efficacy with that of anti-C5-Ab-mediated total C5 inhibition. We clarified the therapeutic effect of delayed anti-C5-Ab administration after LPS/D-GalN challenge. We also assessed the efficacy of anti-C5-Ab in another ALF model, using concanavalin-A. RESULTS Liver injury was evident 6 hours after LPS/D-GalN administration. C5-KO and anti-C5-Ab treatment significantly improved overall animal survival and significantly reduced serum transaminase and high-mobility group box-1 release with decreased histological tissue damage. This improvement was characterized by significantly reduced CD41+ platelet aggregation, maintained F4/80+ cells, and less infiltration of CD11+/Ly6-G+ cells with lower cytokine/chemokine expression. Furthermore, C5-KO and anti-C5-Ab downregulated tumor necrosis factor-α production by macrophages before inducing marked liver injury. Moreover, single-stranded-DNA cells and caspase activation were reduced, indicating significant attenuation of apoptosis. Anti-C5-Ab treatment protected the liver more effectively than the C5aR antagonist, and its delayed doses were hepatoprotective. In addition, anti-C5-Ab treatment was effective against concanavalin-A-induced ALF. CONCLUSIONS C5 inhibition effectively suppresses progression to ALF in mice models of fulminant hepatitis, serving as a new potential treatment strategy for ALF.
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