1
|
Li XD, Jiang GF, Li R, Bai Y, Zhang GS, Xu SJ, Deng WA. Molecular strategies of the pygmy grasshopper Eucriotettix oculatus adapting to long-term heavy metal pollution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116301. [PMID: 38599159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
To study the heavy metal accumulation and its impact on insect exterior and chromosome morphology, and reveal the molecular mechanism of insects adapting to long-term heavy metal compound pollution habitats, this study, in the Diaojiang river basin, which has been polluted by heavy metals(HMs) for nearly a thousand years, two Eucriotettix oculatus populations was collected from mining and non-mining areas. It was found that the contents of 7 heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Sn, Sb) in E. oculatus of the mining area were higher than that in the non-mining 1-11 times. The analysis of morphology shows that the external morphology, the hind wing type and the chromosomal morphology of E. oculatus are significant differences between the two populations. Based on the heavy metal accumulation,morphological change, and stable population density, it is inferred that the mining area population has been affected by heavy metals and has adapted to the environment of heavy metals pollution. Then, by analyzing the transcriptome of the two populations, it was found that the digestion, immunity, excretion, endocrine, nerve, circulation, reproductive and other systems and lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and other cell structure-related gene expression were suppressed. This shows that the functions of the above-mentioned related systems of E. oculatus are inhibited by heavy metal stress. However, it has also been found that through the significant up-regulation of genes related to the above system, such as ATP2B, pepsin A, ubiquitin, AQP1, ACOX, ATPeV0A, SEC61A, CANX, ALDH7A1, DLD, aceE, Hsp40, and catalase, etc., and the down-regulation of MAPK signalling pathway genes, can enhanced nutrient absorption, improve energy metabolism, repair damaged cells and degrade abnormal proteins, maintain the stability of cells and systems, and resist heavy metal damage so that E. oculatus can adapt to the environment of heavy metal pollution for a long time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Applied Intelligent Technology, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University Yizhou 546300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Guo-Fang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China; College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Ran Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yi Bai
- School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Guo-Song Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Heze University, Heze 274000, China
| | - Shu-Juan Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, China
| | - Wei-An Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Applied Intelligent Technology, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University Yizhou 546300, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jeyachandran S, Chellapandian H, Park K, Kwak IS. A Review on the Involvement of Heat Shock Proteins (Extrinsic Chaperones) in Response to Stress Conditions in Aquatic Organisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1444. [PMID: 37507982 PMCID: PMC10376781 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) encompass both extrinsic chaperones and stress proteins. These proteins, with molecular weights ranging from 14 to 120 kDa, are conserved across all living organisms and are expressed in response to stress. The upregulation of specific genes triggers the synthesis of HSPs, facilitated by the interaction between heat shock factors and gene promoter regions. Notably, HSPs function as chaperones or helper molecules in various cellular processes involving lipids and proteins, and their upregulation is not limited to heat-induced stress but also occurs in response to anoxia, acidosis, hypoxia, toxins, ischemia, protein breakdown, and microbial infection. HSPs play a vital role in regulating protein synthesis in cells. They assist in the folding and assembly of other cellular proteins, primarily through HSP families such as HSP70 and HSP90. Additionally, the process of the folding, translocation, and aggregation of proteins is governed by the dynamic partitioning facilitated by HSPs throughout the cell. Beyond their involvement in protein metabolism, HSPs also exert a significant influence on apoptosis, the immune system, and various characteristics of inflammation. The immunity of aquatic organisms, including shrimp, fish, and shellfish, relies heavily on the development of inflammation, as well as non-specific and specific immune responses to viral and bacterial infections. Recent advancements in aquatic research have demonstrated that the HSP levels in populations of fish, shrimp, and shellfish can be increased through non-traumatic means such as water or oral administration of HSP stimulants, exogenous HSPs, and heat induction. These methods have proven useful in reducing physical stress and trauma, while also facilitating sustainable husbandry practices such as vaccination and transportation, thereby offering health benefits. Hence, the present review discusses the importance of HSPs in different tissues in aquatic organisms (fish, shrimp), and their expression levels during pathogen invasion; this gives new insights into the significance of HSPs in invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Lab in Biotechnology & Biosignal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hethesh Chellapandian
- Lab in Biotechnology & Biosignal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Herren P, Hesketh H, Meyling NV, Dunn AM. Environment-host-parasite interactions in mass-reared insects. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:588-602. [PMID: 37258342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mass production of insects is rapidly expanding globally, supporting multiple industrial needs. However, parasite infections in insect mass-production systems can lower productivity and can lead to devastating losses. High rearing densities and artificial environmental conditions in mass-rearing facilities affect the insect hosts as well as their parasites. Environmental conditions such as temperature, gases, light, vibration, and ionizing radiation can affect productivity in insect mass-production facilities by altering insect development and susceptibility to parasites. This review explores the recent literature on environment-host-parasite interactions with a specific focus on mass-reared insect species. Understanding these complex interactions offers opportunities to optimise environmental conditions for the prevention of infectious diseases in mass-reared insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Herren
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Helen Hesketh
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Nicolai V Meyling
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alison M Dunn
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Molina-Montenegro MA, Acuña-Rodríguez IS, Ballesteros GI, Baldelomar M, Torres-Díaz C, Broitman BR, Vázquez DP. Electromagnetic fields disrupt the pollination service by honeybees. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh1455. [PMID: 37172085 PMCID: PMC10181175 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the effect that electromagnetic field (EMF) exerts on honeybees' pollination efficiency using field and laboratory experiments. First, we measured levels of gene and protein expression in metabolic pathways involved in stress and behavioral responses elicited by EMF. Second, we assessed the effect of EMF on honeybee behavior and seed production by the honeybee-pollinated California poppy and, lastly, by measuring the consequences of pollination failure on plants' community richness and abundance. EMF exposure exerted strong physiological stress on honeybees as shown by the enhanced expression of heat-shock proteins and genes involved in antioxidant activity and affected the expression levels of behavior-related genes. Moreover, California poppy individuals growing near EMF received fewer honeybee visits and produced fewer seeds than plants growing far from EMF. Last, we found a hump-shaped relationship between EMF and plant species richness and plant abundance. Our study provides conclusive evidence of detrimental impacts of EMF on honeybee's pollination behavior, leading to negative effects on plant community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa (CEI), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Ian S. Acuña-Rodríguez
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa (CEI), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I), Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gabriel I. Ballesteros
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa (CEI), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I), Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Mariela Baldelomar
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa (CEI), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- Grupo de Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (BCG), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Bernardo R. Broitman
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Diego P. Vázquez
- Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang YL, Kong YH, Qin S, Merchant A, Shi JZ, Zhou XG, Li MW, Wang Q. Transcriptomic dissection of termite gut microbiota following entomopathogenic fungal infection. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1194370. [PMID: 37153226 PMCID: PMC10161392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1194370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Termites are social insects that live in the soil or in decaying wood, where exposure to pathogens should be common. However, these pathogens rarely cause mortality in established colonies. In addition to social immunity, the gut symbionts of termites are expected to assist in protecting their hosts, though the specific contributions are unclear. In this study, we examined this hypothesis in Odontotermes formosanus, a fungus-growing termite in the family Termitidae, by 1) disrupting its gut microbiota with the antibiotic kanamycin, 2) challenging O. formosanus with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii, and finally 3) sequencing the resultant gut transcriptomes. As a result, 142531 transcripts and 73608 unigenes were obtained, and unigenes were annotated following NR, NT, KO, Swiss-Prot, PFAM, GO, and KOG databases. Among them, a total of 3,814 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between M. robertsii infected termites with or without antibiotics treatment. Given the lack of annotated genes in O. formosanus transcriptomes, we examined the expression profiles of the top 20 most significantly differentially expressed genes using qRT-PCR. Several of these genes, including APOA2, Calpain-5, and Hsp70, were downregulated in termites exposed to both antibiotics and pathogen but upregulated in those exposed only to the pathogen, suggesting that gut microbiota might buffer/facilitate their hosts against infection by finetuning physiological and biochemical processes, including innate immunity, protein folding, and ATP synthesis. Overall, our combined results imply that stabilization of gut microbiota can assist termites in maintaining physiological and biochemical homeostasis when foreign pathogenic fungi invade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ling Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-hui Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Austin Merchant
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ji-zhe Shi
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Xu-guo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- *Correspondence: Xu-guo Zhou, ; Mu-wang Li, ; Qian Wang,
| | - Mu-wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Xu-guo Zhou, ; Mu-wang Li, ; Qian Wang,
| | - Qian Wang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xu-guo Zhou, ; Mu-wang Li, ; Qian Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Monzon MA, Weidner LM, Rusch TW, Nehrozoglu S, Hamilton G. High Temperature Limits of Survival and Oviposition of Phormia regina (Meigen) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen). INSECTS 2022; 13:991. [PMID: 36354815 PMCID: PMC9693050 DOI: 10.3390/insects13110991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependent development rates of blow flies allow blow flies to be used as biological clocks in forensic death investigations. However, the upper thermal limits of adult survival and oviposition, both required for producing larvae, remains largely unknown. Therefore, in this study we examined the impact of a range of temperatures between 37 °C and 44 °C on the likelihood of survival and egg-laying behavior of two species of medicolegal forensic importance, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). To quantify the upper temperature limits of survival, adult fly colonies were exposed to 37 °C, 41 °C, 42 °C, 43 °C, and 44 °C for 24 h. Similarly for oviposition trials, adults of both species were exposed to 40 °C, 42 °C, and 43 °C with P. regina oviposition also observed at 41 °C. Trials lasted for 24 h with oviposition substrate replenished at the 12 h mark. A yes/no determination on egg deposition was made, eggs were counted, and a yes/no determination was made on egg hatch. Survival did not differ by species (p = 0.096). Overall, survival decreased with increasing temperatures, with ~100% at 37 °C, ~50% at 41 °C, ~37% at 42 °C, ~15% at 43 °C and 0% at 44 °C. Lucilia sericata laid eggs capable of hatch up to 43 °C, while Phormia regina egg-hatch was observed up to 41 °C. These results indicate a greater thermal tolerance of adult survival than for egg deposition and successful egg hatch, which supports previous experiments indicating blow flies stop laying eggs at sub-lethal temperatures. Furthermore, these data indicate that adult blow flies may find remains at or near time of death but may delay egg deposition until temperatures drop below an acceptable threshold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Monzon
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Lauren M. Weidner
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ 85306, USA
| | - Travis W. Rusch
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Selen Nehrozoglu
- Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)—Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ), United Stated Department of Agriculture (USDA), Linden, NJ 07036, USA
| | - George Hamilton
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Urbański A, Johnston P, Bittermann E, Keshavarz M, Paris V, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Konopińska N, Marciniak P, Rolff J. Tachykinin-related peptides modulate immune-gene expression in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor L. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17277. [PMID: 36241888 PMCID: PMC9568666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tachykinins (TKs) are a group of conserved neuropeptides. In insects, tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are important modulators of several functions such as nociception and lipid metabolism. Recently, it has become clear that TRPs also play a role in regulating the insect immune system. Here, we report a transcriptomic analysis of changes in the expression levels of immune-related genes in the storage pest Tenebrio molitor after treatment with Tenmo-TRP-7. We tested two concentrations (10-8 and 10-6 M) at two time points, 6 and 24 h post-injection. We found significant changes in the transcript levels of a wide spectrum of immune-related genes. Some changes were observed 6 h after the injection of Tenmo-TRP-7, especially in relation to its putative anti-apoptotic action. Interestingly, 24 h after the injection of 10-8 M Tenmo-TRP-7, most changes were related to the regulation of the cellular response. Applying 10-6 M Tenmo-TRP-7 resulted in the downregulation of genes associated with humoral responses. Injecting Tenmo-TRP-7 did not affect beetle survival but led to a reduction in haemolymph lysozyme-like antibacterial activity, consistent with the transcriptomic data. The results confirmed the immunomodulatory role of TRP and shed new light on the functional homology between TRPs and TKs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Urbański
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland ,grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Johnston
- Berlin Centre for Genomics in Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany ,grid.419247.d0000 0001 2108 8097Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Bittermann
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Véronique Paris
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XBio 21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Konopińska
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jens Rolff
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.452299.1Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Up-Regulated Salivary Proteins of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Halyomorpha halys on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria-Treated Plants. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:747-754. [PMID: 34550513 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) induce systemic resistance (SR) in plants, decreasing the development of phytopathogens. The FZB42 strain of Bacillus velezensis is known to induce an SR against pathogens in various plant species. Previous studies suggested that it could also influence the interactions between plants and associated pests. However, insects have developed several strategies to counteract plant defenses, including salivary proteins that allow the insect escaping detection, manipulating defensive pathways to its advantage, deactivating early signaling processes, or detoxifying secondary metabolites. Because Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB) Halyomorpha halys is highly invasive and polyphagous, we hypothesized that it could detect the PGPR-induced systemic defenses in the plant, and efficiently adapt its salivary compounds to counteract them. Therefore, we inoculated a beneficial rhizobacterium on Vicia faba roots and soil, previous to plant infestation with BMSB. Salivary gland proteome of BMSB was analyzed by LC-MS/MS and a label-free quantitative proteomic method. Among the differentially expressed proteins, most were up-regulated in salivary glands of insects exposed to PGPR-treated plants for 24 h. We could confirm that BMSB was confronted with a stress during feeding on PGPR-treated plants. The to-be-confirmed defensive state of the plant would have been rapidly detected by the invasive H. halys pest, which consequently modified its salivary proteins. Among the up-regulated proteins, many could be associated with a role in plant defense counteraction, and more especially in allelochemicals detoxification or sequestration.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang C, Lu K, Wang J, Qian Q, Yuan X, Pu C. Molecular cloning, expression HSP70 and its response to bacterial challenge and heat stress in Microptenus salmoides. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2389-2402. [PMID: 33029752 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The gene encoding HSP70 was isolated from Microptenus salmoides by homologous cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The HSP70 transcripts were 2116 bp long and contained 1953 open reading frames encoding proteins of 650 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71.2 kDa and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.22. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the HSP70 gene was differentially expressed in various tissues under normal conditions, and the highest HSP70 level was observed in the spleen and the lowest levels in the muscle and heart. The clear time-dependent expression level of HSP70 was observed after bacterial challenge and heat stress. A significant increase in HSP70 expression level was detected and reached a maximum at 3 h and 6 h in liver, spleens and gill tissues after Aeromonas hydrophila infection and heat stress, respectively (P < 0.05). As time progressed, the expression of HSP70 transcript was downregulated and mostly dropped back to the original level at 48 h. The concentration of cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased as the time of stress progressed, with the highest level found on 3 h and later declined rapidly and reached to the control levels at the 48 h. Those results suggested that HSP70 was involved in the immune response to bacterial challenge and heat stress. The cloning and expression analysis of the HSP70 provide theoretical basis to further study the mechanism of anti-adverseness in Microptenus salmoides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunnuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kangle Lu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Changchang Pu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
TFAM, a potential oxidative stress biomarker used for monitoring environment pollutants in Musca domestica. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:524-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
11
|
Medina RG, Paxton RJ, Hernández-Sotomayor SMT, Pech-Jiménez C, Medina-Medina LA, Quezada-Euán JJG. Heat stress during development affects immunocompetence in workers, queens and drones of Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J Therm Biol 2020; 89:102541. [PMID: 32364969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Though social insects generally seem to have a reduced individual immunoresponse compared to solitary species, the impact of heat stress on that response has not been studied. In the honey bee, the effect of heat stress on reproductives (queens and males/drones) may also vary compared to workers, but this is currently unknown. Here, we quantified the activity of an enzyme linked to the immune response in insects and known to be affected by heat stress in solitary species: phenoloxidase (PO), in workers, queens and drones of Africanized honey bees (AHBs) experimentally subjected to elevated temperatures during the pupal stage. Additionally, we evaluated this marker in individuals experimentally infected with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Differences in PO activity were found between sexes and castes, with PO activity generally higher in workers and lower in reproductives. Such differences are associated with the likelihood of exposure to infection and the role of different individuals in the colony. Contrary to our expectation, heat stress did not cause an increase in PO activity equally in all classes of individual. Heat stress during the pupal stage significantly decreased the PO activity of AHB queens, but not that of workers or drones, which more frequently engage in extranidal activity. Experimental infection with Metarhizium anisopliae reduced PO activity in queens and workers, but increased it in drones. Notably, heat stressed workers lived significantly shorter after infection despite exhibiting greater PO activity than queens or drones. We suggest that this discrepancy may be related to trade-offs among immune response cascades in honey bees such as between heat shock proteins and defensin peptides used in microbial defence. Our results provide evidence for complex relationships among humoral immune responses in AHBs and suggest that heat stress could result in a reduced life expectancy of individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén G Medina
- Departamento de Apicultura, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Edzna, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Robert J Paxton
- Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - S M Teresa Hernández-Sotomayor
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY) Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Cristina Pech-Jiménez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY) Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis A Medina-Medina
- Departamento de Apicultura, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - José Javier G Quezada-Euán
- Departamento de Apicultura, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuan F, Yang Z, Tang T, Xie S, Liu F. A 28.6-kD small heat shock protein (MnHSP28.6) protects Macrobrachium nipponense against heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress by virtue of its anti-aggregation activity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:635-643. [PMID: 31678183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent chaperones and involved into various physiological and stress processes. In the present study, a 28.6-kD sHSP coding gene, MnHSP28.6, was cloned and characterized from the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Tissue distribution analysis via qPCR and western blot revealed that MnHSP28.6 predominantly expressed in muscle. The temporal transcription of MnHSP28.6 in muscle after bacterial challenge, heavy metal exposure and doxorubicin (DOX) injection was investigated by qPCR. The results showed that the expression of MnHSP28.6 were strongly enhanced by both Cd2+ and Cu2+ exposure, as well as DOX injection, but not by bacterial infection. Aggregation assays showed that recombinant MnHSP28.6 could effectively prevent temperature-induced aggregation of citrate synthase, and reduction-induced aggregation of insulin in vitro. MnHSP28.6 also could protect muscle extracts from heat-induced protein denaturation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) inactivation. Expressing MnHSP28.6 in E. coli conferred host cell impressive protection against H2O2 compared to control. These results suggest a protective role of MnHSP28.6 in maintaining protein homeostasis, preventing aggregation, promoting resistance to heavy metal and keeping redox balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Zilan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Ting Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Song Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.
| | - Fengsong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang X, Fei D, Sun L, Li M, Ma Y, Wang C, Huang S, Ma M. Identification of the Novel Host Protein Interacting With the Structural Protein VP1 of Chinese Sacbrood Virus by Yeast Two-Hybrid Screening. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2192. [PMID: 31611854 PMCID: PMC6775477 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) is the major cause and lead to the collapse of Apis cerana colonies. VP1, the structural protein of CSBV, shows the highest variation in the amino acid sequences among proteins from different CSBV strains as well as exhibits excellent immunogenicity. However, its function with host protein still remains unclear. To clarify its function with host protein, we screened out host cellular proteins that interact with VP1 using the membrane protein yeast two-hybrid system. In addition, we verified interactions between heat shock protein 70 cognate 5 (Hsp70-c5) and VP1 using glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays. VP1 and Hsp70-c5 were colocalized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Using western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Hsp70-c5 expression in CSBV-infected larvae was upregulated compared with that in healthy larvae. We observed that when we silenced Hsp70-c5, VP1 expression was significantly downregulated. These results demonstrate that Hsp70-c5 is involved in at least one stage(s) of the viral life cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingxiao Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Veterinary, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang YW, Zhang XX, Chen JY, Lu MX, Gong WR, Du YZ. Characterization of three heat shock protein 70 genes from Liriomyza trifolii and expression during thermal stress and insect development. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:150-159. [PMID: 29743123 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) participate in diverse physiological processes in insects, and HSP70 is one of the most highly conserved proteins in the HSP family. In this study, full-length cDNAs of three HSP70 genes (Lthsc70, Lthsp701, and Lthsp702) were cloned and characterized from Liriomyza trifolii, an important invasive pest of vegetable crops and horticultural crops worldwide. These three HSP70s exhibited signature sequences and motifs that are typical of the HSP70 family. The expression patterns of the three Lthsp70s during temperature stress and in different insect development stages were studied by real-time quantitative PCR. Lthsp701 was strongly induced by high- and low-temperature stress, but Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 were not very sensitive to temperature changes. All three Lthsp70s were expressed during insect development stages, but the expression patterns were quite different. The expression of Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 showed significant differences in expression during leafminer development; Lthsc70 was most highly expressed in female adults, whereas Lthsp702 was abundantly expressed in larvae and prepupae. Lthsp701 expression was not significantly different among leafminer stages. These results suggest that functional differentiation within the LtHSP70 subfamily has occurred in response to thermal stress and insect development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Chang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - X-X Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - J-Y Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - M-X Lu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - W-R Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 21003,China
| | - Y-Z Du
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong Y, Liu XQ, Xiao PA, Tang GH, Liu SH, Lou BH, Wang JJ, Jiang HB. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes in the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) upon heat shock. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 30:256-261. [PMID: 30965232 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is an important factor influencing insect distribution. In the tropical and subtropical regions, insects always suffer the extreme temperature. Therefore, appropriate molecular response to temperature change is crucial for their survival. To understand how Diaphorina citri responds to high temperature at the molecular level, we conducted a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of D. citri under room temperature and 40 °C heat shock treatment. The RNA sequencing analysis identified a total of 451 differentially expressed genes upon heat stress, including 167 down-regulated genes and 284 up-regulated genes. Thermal stress mainly significantly induced the transcription of molecular chaperone, protein biosynthesis and oxidation resistance, including members of the heat shock protein families, ATPases, and detoxifying enzymes. This study provides a preliminary insight into the transcriptional response of D. citri to heat stress and provides a foundation for the future functional validation of genes involved in thermotolerance in this important insect pest in tropical and subtropical regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ping-An Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guang-Hui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Bing-Hai Lou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus Biology, Guangxi Citrus Research Institute, Gulin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vigneron A, Jehan C, Rigaud T, Moret Y. Immune Defenses of a Beneficial Pest: The Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor. Front Physiol 2019; 10:138. [PMID: 30914960 PMCID: PMC6422893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, is currently considered as a pest when infesting stored grains or grain products. However, mealworms are now being promoted as a beneficial insect because their high nutrient content makes them a viable food source and because they are capable of degrading polystyrene and plastic waste. These attributes make T. molitor attractive for mass rearing, which may promote disease transmission within the insect colonies. Disease resistance is of paramount importance for both the control and the culture of mealworms, and several biotic and abiotic environmental factors affect the success of their anti-parasitic defenses, both positively and negatively. After providing a detailed description of T. molitor's anti-parasitic defenses, we review the main biotic and abiotic environmental factors that alter their presentation, and we discuss their implications for the purpose of controlling the development and health of this insect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Vigneron
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Charly Jehan
- UMR CNRS 6282 BioGéoSciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Rigaud
- UMR CNRS 6282 BioGéoSciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Yannick Moret
- UMR CNRS 6282 BioGéoSciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Wang F, Feng Q, Wang H, Tang T, Huang D, Liu F. Involvement of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase in innate immunity of Musca domestica. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:85-92. [PMID: 30385314 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is responsible for synthesizing trehalose, which is prevalent in crustaceans and insects as blood-sugar. In this paper, a TPS gene from Musca domestica(MdTPS)has been cloned and characterized. MdTPS promoter was analyzed, and its transcriptional activity was verified in vitro by Sf9 cell. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the MdTPS transcription was up-regulated following bacterial challenge by Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. Meanwhile, trehalose is accumulated in larvae upon bacterial challenge. Significantly increased mortality can be observed in MdTPS depleted (RNA interference, RNAi) larvae under bacterial infection. Interestingly, feeding trehalose led to increasing trehalose content in larvae, and the effects of RNAi targeting MdTPS on host survival against bacterial challenge was partly counteracted. Taken together, these results suggest that MdTPS acts as an inducible anti-stress gene that takes part in immune defense in M. domestica via synthesizing its product trehalose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Dawei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mura ME, Ruiu L. Sex-Specific Sub-Lethal Effects and Immune Response in Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) Challenged with Spinosad. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9030073. [PMID: 29933642 PMCID: PMC6163605 DOI: 10.3390/insects9030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the insecticidal compound spinosad on the survival, reproduction, and immune functions of the Mediterranean fruit fly. The lethal and sub-lethal effects were determined on Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) challenged with different concentrations of spinosad. A median lethal concentration of 0.28 ppm was observed on flies feeding for 5 days on a treated diet. A significant and concentration-dependent decrease in fecundity, egg hatch rate, and lifespan was also detected in treated compared with control flies. Gene expression analyses conducted on treated insects by RT-qPCR revealed an immunomodulatory action of sub-lethal concentrations of spinosad. Target transcripts included several genes involved in medfly immunity and male or female reproductive functions. While a significant upregulation was detected in treated males a short time after spinosad ingestion, most target genes were downregulated in treated females. Our study confirmed the high toxicity of spinosad to C. capitata, highlighting an indirect effect on insect lifespan and reproductive performance at sub-lethal doses. In addition to defining the acute and sub-lethal toxicity of spinosad against the fly, this study provides new insights on the interaction of this compound with insect physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Mura
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Luca Ruiu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tian L, Wang X, Wang X, Lei C, Zhu F. Starvation-, thermal- and heavy metal- associated expression of four small heat shock protein genes in Musca domestica. Gene 2018; 642:268-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
20
|
Reduction in Musca domestica fecundity by dsRNA-mediated gene knockdown. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0187353. [PMID: 29342168 PMCID: PMC5771563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
House flies (Musca domestica) are worldwide agricultural pests with estimated control costs at $375 million annually in the U.S. Non-target effects and widespread resistance challenge the efficacy of traditional chemical control. Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been suggested as a biopesticide for M. domestica but a phenotypic response due to the induction of the RNAi pathway has not been demonstrated in adults. In this study female house flies were injected with dsRNA targeting actin-5C or ribosomal protein (RP) transcripts RPL26 and RPS6. Ovaries showed highly reduced provisioning and clutch reductions of 94-99% in RP dsRNA treated flies but not in actin-5C or GFP treated flies. Gene expression levels were significantly and specifically reduced in dsRNA injected groups but remained unchanged in the control dsGFP treated group. Furthermore, injections with an Aedes aegypti conspecific dsRNA designed against RPS6 did not impact fecundity, demonstrating species specificity of the RNAi response. Analysis of M. domestica tissues following RPS6 dsRNA injection showed significant reduction of transcript levels in the head, thorax, and abdomen but increased expression in ovarian tissues. This study demonstrates that exogenous dsRNA is specifically effective and has potential efficacy as a highly specific biocontrol intervention in adult house flies. Further work is required to develop effective methods for delivery of dsRNA to adult flies.
Collapse
|
21
|
Perić-Mataruga V, Petković B, Ilijin L, Mrdaković M, Dronjak Čučaković S, Todorović D, Vlahović M. Cadmium and high temperature effects on brain and behaviour of Lymantria dispar L. caterpillars originating from polluted and less-polluted forests. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:628-636. [PMID: 28728120 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insects brain as a part of nervous system is the first-line of fast stress response that integrate stress signals to regulate all aspects of insect physiology and behaviour. The cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation factor (BF), activity of the neurotoxicity biomarker acetylcholinesterase (AChE), dopamine content, expression and amount of Hsp70 in the brain and locomotor activity were evaluated in the 4th instar of Lymantria dispar L. caterpillars fed a Cd supplemented diet and reared in an optimal temperature regime (23 °C) and/or exposed to high temperature (28 °C). The insects originated from two forests, one close to "Nikola Tesla" thermoelectric power plant, Obrenovac (polluted population), and the other Kosmaj mountain (less-polluted population, far from any industrial region). The Cd BF was higher in the less-polluted than in the polluted population especially at the high ambient temperature. AChE activity and dopamine content were changed in the brains of L. dispar from both populations in the same manner. Hsp70 concentration in caterpillar brains showed opposite trends, a decrease in the less-polluted and an increase in the polluted population. Locomotor activity was modified in both Lymantria dispar populations, but the pattern of changes depended on the stressors and their combined effect. ACh activity and dopamine content are sensitive parameters to Cd exposure, regardless of pollutant experience, and might be promising biomarkers in monitoring forest ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Perić-Mataruga
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Branka Petković
- Department of Neurophysiology, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Larisa Ilijin
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mrdaković
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Dronjak Čučaković
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dajana Todorović
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Vlahović
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu K, Chen X, Liu W, Zhang Z, Wang Y, You K, Li Y, Zhang R, Zhou Q. Characterization of heat shock protein 70 transcript from Nilaparvata lugens (Stål): Its response to temperature and insecticide stresses. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 142:102-110. [PMID: 29107232 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, possesses a strong adaptability to extreme temperature and insecticide stresses. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved molecular chaperones and play a pivotal role in response to various environmental stresses in insects. However, little is known about the response of Hsps to stresses in N. lugens. In the present study, an inducible Hsp70 (NlHsp70) was isolated from this insect and transcriptional expression patterns of NlHsp70 under temperature and insecticide stresses were analyzed. The full-length of NlHsp70 was 2805bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1896bp, showing high homology to its counterparts in other species. Expression of NlHsp70 was not altered by heat shock for 1h, nor following recovery from thermal stress. Conversely, decreased expression of NlHsp70 was observed in response to cold shock. In addition, the expression of NlHsp70 increased after imidacloprid exposure. RNA interference experiment combined with insecticide injury assay also demonstrated that NlHsp70 was essential for resistance against insecticide exposure. These observations indicated that NlHsp70 was an important gene involved in the resistance or tolerance to environmental stresses in N. lugens. Interestingly, weak changes in mRNA expression levels of two thermal-inducible Hsp genes, NlHsp90 and NlHsc70 were observed in imidacloprid-exposed N. lugens adults, suggesting that different Hsps may respond differential to the extreme temperature and insecticide stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Wenting Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Keke You
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Rongbin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
McKinstry M, Chung C, Truong H, Johnston BA, Snow JW. The heat shock response and humoral immune response are mutually antagonistic in honey bees. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8850. [PMID: 28821863 PMCID: PMC5562734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The honey bee is of paramount importance to humans in both agricultural and ecological settings. Honey bee colonies have suffered from increased attrition in recent years, stemming from complex interacting stresses. Defining common cellular stress responses elicited by these stressors represents a key step in understanding potential synergies. The proteostasis network is a highly conserved network of cellular stress responses involved in maintaining the homeostasis of protein production and function. Here, we have characterized the Heat Shock Response (HSR), one branch of this network, and found that its core components are conserved. In addition, exposing bees to elevated temperatures normally encountered by honey bees during typical activities results in robust HSR induction with increased expression of specific heat shock proteins that was variable across tissues. Surprisingly, we found that heat shock represses multiple immune genes in the abdomen and additionally showed that wounding the cuticle of the abdomen results in decreased expression of multiple HSR genes in proximal and distal tissues. This mutually antagonistic relationship between the HSR and immune activation is unique among invertebrates studied to date and may promote understanding of potential synergistic effects of disparate stresses in this critical pollinator and social insects more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia McKinstry
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Charlie Chung
- Natural Sciences Department, LaGuardia Community College-CUNY, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA
| | - Henry Truong
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Brittany A Johnston
- Biology Department, The City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Jonathan W Snow
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Temperature stress and insect immunity. J Therm Biol 2017; 68:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
25
|
Zhao X, Xiu J, Li Y, Ma H, Wu J, Wang B, Guo G. Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of the T-Complex Protein-1 Zeta Subunit in Musca domestica L (Diptera). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2017; 17:3966743. [PMID: 28973494 PMCID: PMC5510958 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chaperonins, belonging to the T-complex protein-1 (TCP-1) family, assist in the correct folding of nascent and misfolded proteins. It is well-known that in mammals, the zeta subunit of the TCP-1 complex (TCP-1ζ) plays a vital role in the folding and assembly of cytoskeleta proteins. This study reported for the first time the cloning, characterization and expression pattern analysis of the TCP-1ζ from Musca domestica, which was named as MdTCP-1ζ. The MdTCP-1ζ cDNA is 1,803 bp long with a 1,596 bp open reading frame that encodes a protein with 531 bp amino acids. The analysis of the transcriptional profile of MdTCP-1ζ using qRT-PCR revealed relatively high expression in the salivary glands and trachea at the tissues while among the developmental stages. The highest expression was observed only in the eggs suggesting that the MdTCP-1ζ may play a role in embryonic development. The expression of MdTCP-1ζ was also significantly induced after exposure to short-term heat shock and infection by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans. This suggested that MdTCP-1ζ may take part in the immune responses of housefly and perhaps contribute to the protection against cellular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Zhao
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Jiangfan Xiu
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Yan Li
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Huiling Ma
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Jianwei Wu
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Electrochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China ()
| | - Guo Guo
- Department of parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, University City Guian New District, 550025, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mura ME, Ruiu L. Brevibacillus laterosporus pathogenesis and local immune response regulation in the house fly midgut. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 145:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
27
|
Li Y, Zhao Q, Duan X, Song C, Chen M. Transcription of four Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) heat shock protein genes and their responses to heat stress and insecticide exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 205:48-57. [PMID: 28025068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), a worldwide destructive pest, is more heat tolerant than other wheat aphids, and it has developed resistance to different insecticides. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in coping with environmental stresses. To investigate Hsp transcriptional responses to heat and insecticide stress, four full-length Hsp genes from R. padi (RpHsp60, RpHsc70, RpHsp70-1, and RpHsp70-2) were cloned. Four RpHsps were expressed during all R. padi developmental stages, but at varying levels. The mRNA levels of RpHsps were increased under thermal stress and reached maximal induction at a lower temperature (36°C) in the alate morph than in the apterous morph (37°C or 38°C). RpHsp expressions under heat stress suggest that RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 are inducible in both apterous and alate morphs, RpHsc70 is only heat-inducible in apterous morph, and RpHsp60 exhibits poor sensitivity to heat stress. The pretreatment at 37°C significantly increase both the survival rate and the RpHsps expression level of R. padi at subsequent lethal temperature. Under exposure to two sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC30) of beta-cypermethrin, both RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 expressions were induced and reached a maximum 24h after exposure. In contrast, expression of RpHsp60 was not induced by either sublethal concentration of beta-cypermethrin. Moreover, the responses of RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 to heat shock were more sensitive than those to beta-cypermethrin. These results suggest that induction of RpHsp expression is related to thermal tolerance, and that RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 are the primary genes involved in the response to both heat and pesticide stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinle Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chunman Song
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China..
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin T, Liu Q, Chen J. Identification of differentially expressed genes in Monochamus alternatus digested with azadirachtin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33484. [PMID: 27629396 PMCID: PMC5024161 DOI: 10.1038/srep33484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pine sawyer beetle Monochamus alternatus Hope, a major forest insect pest, is the primary vector of the destructive forest pest pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Azadirachtin, an active compound of neem, is biologically interesting because it represents a group of important, successful botanical pesticides. We provide insight into the molecular effects of azadirachtin on M. alternatus at the transcriptional level to provide clues about possible molecular-level targets and to establish a link between azadirachtin and insect global responses. We found that 920 and 9894 unique genes were significantly up- and down-regulated, respectively. We obtained expression patterns of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), identifying 4247, 3488 and 7613 sequences that involved cellular components, molecular functions and biological processes, respectively, and showed that the DEGs were distributed among 50 Gene Ontology categories. The Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were enriched in 50 pathways. Detailed gene profile knowledge of the interaction of azadirachtin with M. alternatus should facilitate the development of more effective azadirachtin-based products against M. alternatus and other target Coleoptera. These results further enhance the value of azadirachtin as a potential insecticide of biological origin, as well as for other biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qisi Liu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jingxiang Chen
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tungjitwitayakul J, Tatun N, Vajarasathira B, Sakurai S. Expression of Heat Shock Protein Genes in Different Developmental Stages and After Temperature Stress in the Maize Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 108:1313-1323. [PMID: 26470260 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, is a major pest of rice and other postharvest grain stocks in tropical countries. Heating and cooling treatments have been adopted to control this pest. Because heat shock protein (hsp) genes respond to temperature stress, we examined the association of hsp genes with development and thermal stress in S. zeamais. The temperature response of the insect to heat and cold treatments was assessed at four developmental stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. LT50 values at high temperatures were similar among the four developmental stages, while adults were the most tolerant to low temperatures, and eggs, larvae, and pupae exhibited similar LT50 values. Expression levels of three hsps--Szhsp70, Szhsc70, and Szhsp90--fluctuated substantially throughout the four stages at a rearing temperature of 28°C. Heat shock and cold shock increased the expression of all three hsps, and the highest upregulation was observed at 40°C, although the intensity of upregulation varied among the three genes: strongly in Szhsp70, moderately in Szhsp90, and slightly in Szhsc70. Basal expression of the three hsps at 28°C and gene responses to heat and cold shock also varied significantly at the tissue level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nujira Tatun
- School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Boongeua Vajarasathira
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sho Sakurai
- Creative Science Museum, Komatsunomori, Komatsu 923-8610, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang C, Dai L, Wang L, Qian C, Wei G, Li J, Zhu B, Liu C. Inhibitors of eicosanoid biosynthesis influencing the transcripts level of sHSP21.4 gene induced by pathogen infections, in Antheraea pernyi. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121296. [PMID: 25844646 PMCID: PMC4386827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) can regulate protein folding and protect cells from stress. To investigate the role of sHSPs in the silk-producing insect Antheraea pernyi response to microorganisms, a sHsp gene termed as Ap-sHSP21.4, was identified. This gene encoded a 21.4 kDa protein which shares the conserved structure of insect sHsps and belongs to sHSP21.4 family. Ap-sHSP21.4 was highly expressed in fat body and up-regulated in midgut and fat body of A. pernyi challenged with Escherichia coli, Beauveria bassiana and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), which was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Meanwhile, knock down of Ap-sHSP21.4 with dsRNA result in the decrease at the expression levels of several immune response-related genes (defensin, Dopa decarboxylase, Toll1, lysozyme and Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor). Additionally, the impact of eicosanoid biosynthesis on the expression of Ap-sHSP21.4 response to NPV was determined using qPCR, inhibitors of eicosanoid biosynthesis significantly suppress Ap-HSP21.4 expression upon NPV challenge. All together, Ap-sHSP21.4 was involved in the immunity of A. pernyi against microorganism and possibly mediated by eicosanoids pathway. These results will shed light in the understanding of the pathogen-host interaction in A. pernyi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congfen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Anhui Wuhu, P.R.China, 241002
| | - Lishang Dai
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Cen Qian
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Guoqing Wei
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Baojian Zhu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| | - Chaoliang Liu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Hefei, P.R. China, 230036
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen H, Yang X, Tang T, Li J, Liu B, Liu F, Xie S. The involvement of cysteine-rich intestinal protein in early development and innate immunity of Asiatic hard clam, Meretrix meretrix. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:435-440. [PMID: 25108085 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP), a Zn(2+)-binding protein, contains a single copy of the highly conserved double-zinc-finger structure known as the LIM (lin-11-isl-1-mec-3) motif. In this paper, a cDNA encoding MmCRIP was isolated from the Asiatic hard clam Meretrix meretrix. The full-length cDNA of MmCRIP consists of a 237-bp open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 78 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 8635.8 Da and theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 9.01. Bioinformatics analysis showed that it belonged to a new member of the CRIP subfamily. Relationship analysis revealed that MmCRIP has high-levels of sequence similarity to many CRIPs reported in other animals, particularly in invertebrates. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the highest level of MmCRIP expression was in hemocyte tissue and at pediveligers stage. To investigate immune function, mature clams were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. During A. hydrophila infection, up-regulation of MmCRIP transcript in clam's hemocyte, gill and hepatopancreas was detected. DsRNAi (double-strand RNA interference) approach was employed to study the function of MmCRIP and the data showed that inactivation of the MmCRIP gene blocked larvae development and caused mass mortalities. The probable roles of MmCRIP in clam early development and innate immunity are presented for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ting Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Song Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; College of Letters and Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen H, Xu XL, Li YP, Wu JX. Characterization of heat shock protein 90, 70 and their transcriptional expression patterns on high temperature in adult of Grapholita molesta (Busck). INSECT SCIENCE 2014; 21:439-448. [PMID: 24006328 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Grapholita molesta (Busck) is a worldwide insect pest damaging stone and pome fruits. High temperature can significantly affect insect survival, development and fecundity. Heat shock protein (Hsp) genes were speculated to possess a pivotal function in response to high temperature stress. In this study, two full-length Hsp genes, Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70, were cloned from G. molesta using rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (RACE). The open reading frames of Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 obtained were 2 148 bp and 1 998 bp in length, respectively. Their deduced amino acids showed high homology to Hsp genes of other species. Subsequently, the transcriptional expression of Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 in G. molesta adults exposed at various temperatures (26, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41 and 44°C) for 1 h and at 41°C for various time duration (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 min) were investigated via real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The relative expression levels of Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 in G. molesta adults were both up-regulated with the rise of temperature and time duration. In addition, the Gmhsp70 usually showed a higher transcription accumulation than Gmhsp90. Interestingly, Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 in female adults could be induced much earlier than that in males, and the effective induction temperature in females was also lower than that in males. The distinct expression profiles of Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 indicated that Gmhsp90 and Gmhsp70 may play important roles in G. molesta adults responding to a thermal threat, and there is difference on induction between sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management (Northwest A&F University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses of NaCl-tolerant Staphylococcus sp. OJ82 isolated from fermented seafood. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:807-22. [PMID: 24346282 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5436-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus genus reside in various natural environments; however, only disease-associated Staphylococcus strains have received attention while ecological function and physiologies of non-pathogenic strains were often neglected. Because high level of tolerance against NaCl is a common trait of Staphylococcus, we investigated the characteristics of halotolerance in Staphylococcus sp. OJ82 isolated from fermented seafood containing a high concentration of NaCl. Among the 292 isolates screened, OJ82 showed the highest β-galactosidase and extracellular protease activities under high-salt conditions. Comparative genomic analysis with other Staphylococcus strains showed that (a) replication origins are highly conserved, (b) the OJ82 strain has a high number of amino acid transport- and metabolism-related genes, and (c) OJ82 has many unique proteins (15 %) and 12 prophage-related genomic islands. RNA-seq analysis under high-salt conditions showed that genes involved in cell membranes, transport, osmotic stress, ATP synthesis, and translation are highly expressed. OJ82 may use the ribulose monophosphate pathway to detoxify some toxic intermediates under high-salt conditions. Six new and three known non-coding small RNAs of the OJ82 strain were also found in the RNA-seq analysis. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified target β-galactosidase and extracellular protease. Interestingly, the OJ82 strain became resistant to bacteriocin produced by the Bacillus strain only under high-salt conditions. Our data showed that the OJ82 strain adapted to high-salt conditions by expressing core cellular processes (translation, ATP production) and defense genes (membrane synthesis, compatible solute transports, ribulose monophosphate pathway) could survive bacteriocin exposure under high-salt conditions.
Collapse
|