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Pinkaew U, Choolert C, Vaniksampanna A, Pasookhush P, Longyant S, Chaivisuthangkura P. Characterization of a novel immune deficiency gene of Macrobrachium rosenbergii reveals antibacterial and antiviral defenses. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2024; 36:99-112. [PMID: 38613162 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to identify and characterize an immune deficiency (IMD) homolog from the giant freshwater prawn (also known as the giant river prawn) Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The IMD is a death-domain-containing protein that plays a crucial role as an adaptor protein in the IMD pathway-one of the most important response mechanisms to viral and bacterial invasion of invertebrates. METHODS An IMD homolog gene from M. rosenbergii (MrIMD) was isolated using rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends. The tissue distribution and response to immune challenge of MrIMD were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to understand the regulatory mechanism of MrIMD messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in M. rosenbergii. RESULT The open reading frame of MrIMD comprised 555 nucleotides encoding a protein consisting of 184 amino acids, with a conserved death domain at the C-terminus. The MrIMD protein demonstrated 53-74% similarity with IMDs from other crustaceans; the highest similarity was with the IMD from the oriental river prawn M. nipponense. Gene expression analysis revealed that MrIMD mRNA levels were highest in gill tissues. After Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation, MrIMD was significantly upregulated in the muscle, gills, and intestine, whereas there was no significant difference in the hemocytes and hepatopancreas. In the case of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus stimulation, MrIMD was dramatically upregulated in the muscle and hepatopancreas, whereas downregulation was observed in the gills. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the MrIMD gene may play different roles in response to gram-negative bacteria and viral infection and plays a crucial role in innate immunity as an important key molecule in the defense against bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsanee Pinkaew
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanitcha Choolert
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Phongthana Pasookhush
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Longyant
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant, and Parasite Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parin Chaivisuthangkura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant, and Parasite Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jang GI, Kim SM, Oh YK, Lee SJ, Hong SY, Lee HE, Kwon MG, Kim BS. First Report of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei Infection in Giant Freshwater Prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) Cultured in the Republic of Korea. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223149. [PMID: 36428377 PMCID: PMC9686700 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Republic of Korea, Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) was first isolated from Pacific whiteleg shrimp in April 2020; however, there are no existing reports of EHP infection in other shrimp or prawns. Here, we aimed to investigate EHP infection and its prevalence in giant freshwater prawn farms in the Republic of Korea. We tested prawns from 22 farms for EHP infection, and samples from eight farms showed positive EHP infection results in 2021. In EHP-infected prawn farms, the prevalence ranged from 4.9% to 18.2%. The prevalence of EHP infection in the Republic of Korea, derived from the prevalence in prawn farms, was estimated to be 0.8% in 2021. The proliferation of EHP was observed within the hepatopancreatic epithelial cells of prawns using H&E and Giemsa staining. Mature EHP was observed in the sinus between epithelial cells of the digestive tubules. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a clade distinct from the previously reported EHP in Pacific whiteleg shrimps. This is the first report of EHP infection in a giant freshwater prawn in the Republic of Korea, where the prevalence of EHP infection is not high, but it is recognized as an emerging disease that requires periodic monitoring and quarantine management in giant freshwater prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang-Il Jang
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kyeong Oh
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jeong Lee
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Youl Hong
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Eun Lee
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Gyeong Kwon
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Seong Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(0)63-469-1884
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Qian H, Ma K, Feng J, Guo Z, Gong J, Chen H, Bai H, Qiu G. Transcriptome analysis of the post-larvae of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) after IAG gene knockdown with microRNA interference. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 325:114054. [PMID: 35580689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone gene (IAG) of crustaceans plays pivotal roles in the regulation of sex differentiation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, non-coding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional gene regulators. However, little information about the regulatory relationship between miRNA and Macrobrachium rosenbergii IAG (MrIAG) were exposed. In this study, we used the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of MrIAG to predict potential target sites of miRNAs. The results showed that miR-184 has one target site in the 3'UTR of MrIAG. Dual-luciferase report assay in vitro confirmed that miR-184 can significantly down-regulate MrIAG expression. Besides, we constructed mutant plasmids of 3'UTR of MrIAG. The result displayed that after co-transfection of mutant plasmids and miR-184 agomir, the activity of luciferase was not affected compared to the control. These results indicated that miR-184 could directly regulate MrIAG. In addition, we found that overexpression of miR-184 in M. rosenbergii can lead to significant changes in the transcription level of genes. Compared with control group, we identified 1510 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the miR-184 injection group. Some DEGs were involved in sex differentiation, gonad development, growth and molting were found. qRT-PCR verification was performed on eight DEGs randomly, and the results showed that the expression level of sex-, growth-, and metabolism-related genes changed significantly after MrIAG gene knockdown. Collectively, findings from this study suggest that miR-184, by mediating IAG expression, may be involved in many physiological processes in M. rosenbergii. The current study lays a basic understanding for short-term silencing of MrIAG with miR-184, and facilitates miRNA function analysis in M. rosenbergii in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Qian
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Keyi Ma
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China.
| | - Jianbin Feng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Ziqi Guo
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Jinhua Gong
- Jiangsu Dinghe Aquatic Technology Development Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Huangen Chen
- Jiangsu Fishery Technology Extension Center, Nanjing 210036, PR China
| | - Haotian Bai
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Gaofeng Qiu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China.
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Xia J, Liu D, Zhou W, Yi S, Wang X, Li B, Jawad M, Xu H, Gui L, Li M. Comparative transcriptome analysis of brain and gonad reveals reproduction-related miRNAs in the giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Front Genet 2022; 13:990677. [PMID: 36092927 PMCID: PMC9459145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.990677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (M. rosenbergii), as a species of common prawn, is a delicacy that is consumed all over the world. By interacting with the target gene 3′-untranslated region (3'-UTR), microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate its expression and ultimately participate in the regulation of reproductive development. However, research focusing on miRNA regulation during gonadal development in M. rosenbergii received very little attention. To explore the association between miRNA and reproduction, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on brain and gonad organs in male and female M. rosenbergii. A total of 494 miRNAs were obtained in RNA-seq, including 31 and 59 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the brain and gonads, respectively. Furthermore, 9 DE miRNAs were randomly selected from the brain and gonads, and qRT-PCR was conducted to validate the results of RNA-seq. Interestingly, dpu-miR-133 was found to be substantially expressed in the male brain and testis but poorly expressed in the female brain, ovary, and other organs. Analysis of dpu-miR-133 by Targetscan and MiRanda predicted to target 5-HT1. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay manifested that dpu-miR-133 can combine with 5-HT1. Overall, our research work provides basic data for further study on the miRNA-mediated regulation of brain, gonad, and reproductive development of study M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzong Zhou
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzong Zhou, ; Mingyou Li,
| | - Shaokui Yi
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhai Wang
- Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suqian, China
| | - Beilei Li
- Huzhou Fengshengwan Aquatic Seed Industry Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzong Zhou, ; Mingyou Li,
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Lee D, Yu YB, Choi JH, Jo AH, Hong SM, Kang JC, Kim JH. Viral Shrimp Diseases Listed by the OIE: A Review. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030585. [PMID: 35336992 PMCID: PMC8953307 DOI: 10.3390/v14030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Shrimp is one of the most valuable aquaculture species globally, and the most internationally traded seafood product. Consequently, shrimp aquaculture practices have received increasing attention due to their high value and levels of demand, and this has contributed to economic growth in many developing countries. The global production of shrimp reached approximately 6.5 million t in 2019 and the shrimp aquaculture industry has consequently become a large-scale operation. However, the expansion of shrimp aquaculture has also been accompanied by various disease outbreaks, leading to large losses in shrimp production. Among the diseases, there are various viral diseases which can cause serious damage when compared to bacterial and fungi-based illness. In addition, new viral diseases occur rapidly, and existing diseases can evolve into new types. To address this, the review presented here will provide information on the DNA and RNA of shrimp viral diseases that have been designated by the World Organization for Animal Health and identify the latest shrimp disease trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dain Lee
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje 53334, Korea;
| | - Young-Bin Yu
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.Y.); (J.-H.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-41-675-3773 (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jae-Ho Choi
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.Y.); (J.-H.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-41-675-3773 (J.-H.K.)
| | - A-Hyun Jo
- Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si 31460, Korea; (A.-H.J.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Su-Min Hong
- Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si 31460, Korea; (A.-H.J.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.Y.); (J.-H.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-41-675-3773 (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si 31460, Korea; (A.-H.J.); (S.-M.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.Y.); (J.-H.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-41-675-3773 (J.-H.K.)
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Qin W, Lu Y, Wang H, Liu B, Jiang Z, Zhou C, Huang X, Dai X, Ren Q. Characterization and functional analysis of a clip domain serine protease (MncSP) and its alternative transcript (MncSP-isoform) from Macrobrachium nipponense. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104237. [PMID: 34450128 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Clip domain serine protease (cSPs) play an important role in the innate immune defense of crustaceans. In this study, a clip domain serine protease (MncSP) and its alternative transcript (MncSP-isoform) were identified from Macrobrachium nipponense. The full-length cDNA sequences of MncSP and MncSP-isoform were 2447 and 2351 bp with open reading frames comprising 1497 and 1401 bp nucleotides and encoding 498 and 466 amino acids, respectively. The genome of MncSP had 10 exons and 9 introns. MncSP contained all 10 exons, whereas MncSP-isoform lacked the second exon. MncSP and MncSP-isoform contained a signal peptide, a clip domain, and a Tryp_SPc domain. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that MncSP and MncSP-isoform clustered with cSPs from Palaemonidae. MncSP and MncSP-isoform were widely distributed in hemocytes, heart, hepatopancreas, gills, stomach, and intestine. The expression profiles of MncSP and MncSP-isoform in the hemocytes of M. nipponense changed after simulation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus or Staphylococcus aureus. The RNAi of MncSP could inhibit the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including crustins and anti-lipopolysaccharide factors. Phenoloxidase activity was also down-regulated in MncSP-silenced prawns. This study indicated that MncSP participated in the synthesis of AMPs and the activation of prophenoloxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China
| | - Yang Lu
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210024, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China
| | - Beixiang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China
| | - Zuosheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China
| | - Chengxiang Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China.
| | - Xiaoling Dai
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023,China.
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Liu X, Zhou L, Luo B, Qian H, Ye B, Ma K, Qiu G. Identification of novel Z/W chromosome-specific markers from the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Escobedo-Bonilla CM. Mini Review: Virus Interference: History, Types and Occurrence in Crustaceans. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674216. [PMID: 34177916 PMCID: PMC8226315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus interference is a phenomenon in which two viruses interact within a host, affecting the outcome of infection of at least one of such viruses. The effect of this event was first observed in the XVIII century and it was first recorded even before virology was recognized as a distinct science from microbiology. Studies on virus interference were mostly done in the decades between 1930 and 1960 in viruses infecting bacteria and different vertebrates. The systems included in vivo experiments and later, more refined assays were done using tissue and cell cultures. Many viruses involved in interference are pathogenic to humans or to economically important animals. Thus the phenomenon may be relevant to medicine and to animal production due to the possibility to use it as alternative to chemical therapies against virus infections to reduce the severity of disease/mortality caused by a superinfecting virus. Virus interference is defined as the host resistance to a superinfection caused by a pathogenic virus causing obvious signs of disease and/or mortality due to the action of an interfering virus abrogating the replication of the former virus. Different degrees of inhibition of the superinfecting virus can occur. Due to the emergence of novel pathogenic viruses in recent years, virus interference has recently been revisited using different pathogens and hosts, including commercially important farmed aquatic species. Here, some highly pathogenic viruses affecting farmed crustaceans can be affected by interference with other viruses. This review presents data on the history of virus interference in hosts including bacteria and animals, with emphasis on the known cases of virus interference in crustacean hosts. Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) Escherichia coli [(Migula 1895) Castellani & Chalmers 1919] Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894) Liocarcinus depurator (Linnaeus 1758): urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:107387 Penaeus duorarum (Burkenroad 1939): urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:158334 Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus 1758): urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:107381 Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879): urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:220137 Penaeus vannamei (Boone 1931): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C30A0A50-E309-4E24-851D-01CF94D97F23 Penaeus monodon (Fabricius 1798): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3DD50D8B-01C2-48A7-B80D-9D9DD2E6F7AD Penaeus stylirostris (Stimpson 1874): urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:584982.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Marcial Escobedo-Bonilla
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aquaculture Department, Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CIIDIR Unidad Sinaloa, Guasave, Mexico
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Huang Y, Ren Q. Innate immune responses against viral pathogens in Macrobrachium. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:103966. [PMID: 33338519 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Some members of genus Macrobrachium are important economically prawns and valuable objects for studying the innate immune defense mechanism of crustaceans. Studies have focused on immune responses against bacterial and fungal infections and have expanded to include antiviral immunity over the past two decades. Similar to all living organisms, prawns are exposed to viruses, including white spot syndrome virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus, and Decapod iridescent virus 1 and develop effective defense mechanisms. Here, we review current understanding of the antiviral host defense in two species of Macrobrachium. The main antiviral defense of Macrobrachium is the activation of intracellular signaling cascades, leading to the activation of cellular responses (apoptosis) and humoral responses (immune-related signaling pathways, antimicrobial and antiviral peptides, lectins, and prophenoloxidase-activating system).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China
| | - Qian Ren
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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10
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Dong X, Liu Q, Zhao W, Ou J, Jiang F, Guo H, Lv L. Effects of ammonia-N stress on the antioxidant enzymes, heat shock proteins, and apoptosis-related genes of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1886612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuexing Dong
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qigen Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiangtao Ou
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - FengJuan Jiang
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haisong Guo
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linlan Lv
- Department of Ocean Technology, Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
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Naveen Kumar S, Rai P, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Genomic and antibody-based assays for the detection of Indian strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus associated with white tail disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Virusdisease 2021; 31:459-469. [PMID: 33381620 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-020-00641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
White tail disease (WTD) of cultured Macrobrachium rosenbergii is caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV). Since both the viruses have small single strand RNA as genetic material with short generation time, they are more prone to mutations. Hence detection methods developed for one strain may be suboptimal for the detection of isolates from the different geographical locations. In the present study two new genomic based methods (RT-PCR and dot-blot hybridization) along with one immunological method (polyclonal antibodies based detection) were developed for the detection of Indian isolates of MrNV and XSV. Among genomic based methods, RT-PCR assay developed was most sensitive. Sensitivity of detection of RT-PCR was 1 fg (both MrNV and XSV) of total RNA extracted from purified viral inoculum preparation. In case of WTD positive whole tissue total RNA, the limit of detection was 10 fg for both MrNV and XSV. Dot-blot hybridization had a detection limit of 10 pg and 0.1 ng for MrNV and XSV respectively when RNA extracted from viral inoculum preparation was used; 0.1 ng and 1 ng when WTD positive whole tissue total RNA was used. Polyclonal antibodies against recombinant proteins (MrNV and XSV capsid) were synthesised. Western blotting and indirect ELISA revealed that the antibodies produced to be specific and highly sensitive. Recombinant protein (antigen) of MrNV and XSV capsid were detected at the dilution of 1:8000. However in case of infected prawn tissue sample, MrNV and XSV were detected at the dilution of 1:32,000 and 1:64,000 respectively. All methods developed are field applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaiah Naveen Kumar
- Fisheries Research Centre, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, P.O. Box 134, Saihat, 31972 Eastern Province Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Praveen Rai
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018 India
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018 India.,Nitte (Deemed to be University), University Enclave, Medical Sciences Complex, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018 India
| | - Iddya Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), University Enclave, Medical Sciences Complex, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018 India
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12
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Li Y, Yuan W, Xu Q, Liu H, Dai X. The regulation of immune responses against white spot syndrome virus or Vibrio alginolyticus in toll-like receptors silenced giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:84-94. [PMID: 33035653 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors, which are a class of cell-surface proteins, have been regarded as the most important pattern recognition receptors in the innate immunity and play a vital role in multiple innate immune responses against pathogen invasion. The full-length cDNA of a novel Toll-like receptor (MrToll3) was identified from Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the current research. The nucleotide sequence of MrToll3 is 4481 bp long and contains a 3726-bp open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 1241 amino acids. MrToll3 was constitutively expressed in all the examined tissues, and high expression of MrToll3 was detected in gill, heart, and ganglion. The result of RNA interference assay revealed that silencing of MrToll1 remarkably suppressed the prophenoloxidase (proPO) expression and phenoloxidase (PO) activities while enhancing MrToll2 expression in the prawns. Furthermore, the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) and crustin was remarkably down-regulated in the MrToll1-silenced prawns after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or Vibrio alginolyticus challenge. MrToll2-silenced prawns exhibited the significant decline of ALF and crustin expression post the pathogen challenges, and silencing of MrToll3 obviously improved the immune deficiency (IMD) expression during the whole RNA interference assay. Additionally, higher mortality was observed in MrToll1-or MrToll2-silenced prawns after V. alginolyticus challenge, and the MrToll1-silenced prawns also showed the obviously enhanced susceptibility to WSSV. These results suggested that MrToll1, 2, and 3 were involved in the innate immune responses against WSSV and V. alginolyticus in M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xilin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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13
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Somrit M, Yu SY, Le Pendu J, Breiman A, Guérardel Y, Weerachatyanukul W, Watthammawut A. Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus virus-like particles attach to fucosylated glycans in the gills of the giant freshwater prawn. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13258. [PMID: 32862508 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), the causative agent of white-tail disease (WTD) in many species of shrimp and prawn, has been shown to infect hemocytes and tissues such as the gills and muscles. However, little is known about the host surface molecules to which MrNV attach to initiate infection. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of glycans as binding molecules for virus attachment in susceptible tissues such as the gills. We established that MrNV in their virus-like particle (MrNV-VLP) form exhibited strong binding to gill tissues and lysates, which was highly reduced by the glycan-reducing periodate and PNGase F. The broad, fucose-binding Aleuria Aurantia lectin (AAL) highly reduced MrNV-VLPs binding to gill tissue sections and lysates, and efficiently disrupted the specific interactions between the VLPs and gill glycoproteins. Furthermore, mass spectroscopy revealed the existence of unique fucosylated LacdiNAc-extended N-linked and O-linked glycans in the gill tissues, whereas beta-elimination experiments showed that MrNV-VLPs demonstrated a binding preference for N-glycans. Therefore, the results from this study highly suggested that MrNV-VLPs preferentially attach to fucosylated N-glycans in the susceptible gill tissues, and these findings could lead to the development of strategies that target virus-host surface glycan interactions to reduce MrNV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monsicha Somrit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shin-Yi Yu
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Adrien Breiman
- Inserm, CRCINA, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Atthaboon Watthammawut
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Zhou LX, Liu X, Ye BQ, Liu Y, Tan SP, Ma KY, Qiu GF. Molecular characterization of ovary-specific gene Mrfem-1 and siRNA-mediated regulation on targeting Mrfem-1 in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Gene 2020; 754:144891. [PMID: 32535048 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Characterized by ankyrin repeat motifs, the feminization-1 (fem-1) gene plays an essential role in sex determination/differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, there are only a few reports on fem-1 in crustaceans. In this study, a fem-1 gene (Mrfem-1) was first isolated from the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The full-length cDNA of Mrfem-1 was 2607 bp long, containing an open reading frame encoding 615 amino acids, and presenting eight ankyrin repeats. The full-length cDNA has been submitted to GenBank with the accession no. MT160093. According to the RT-PCR results, Mrfem-1 was exclusively expressed in the ovary. The expression level of Mrfem-1 had increased with ovarian maturation and reached the highest peak at vitellogenic stage. In situ hybridization results showed that positive signals were concentrated in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic stage, and scattered in the cytoplasm and follicular cells at vitellogenic stage, suggesting that Mrfem-1 might be associated with ovarian maturation. Moreover, two effective siRNAs targeting Mrfem-1 were found and their effectiveness verified in vitro. These results on Mrfem-1 will help us to better understand the fem family and provide a new resource for subsequent investigations of siRNA-mediated regulation on ovarian development in M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xia Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xue Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bao-Qing Ye
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yun Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuang-Pei Tan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ke-Yi Ma
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Gao-Feng Qiu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China.
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15
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Vogt G. Cytopathology and immune response in the hepatopancreas of decapod crustaceans. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 138:41-88. [PMID: 32103822 DOI: 10.3354/dao03443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hepatopancreas of decapod crustaceans is used as an example to illustrate the range of cytopathologies, detoxification mechanisms, and immune responses that environmental toxicants and pathogens can induce in a single organ. The hepatopancreas is the central metabolic organ of decapods and consists of hundreds of blindly-ending tubules and intertubular spaces. The tubular epithelium contains 5 structurally and functionally different cell types, and the interstitium contains haemolymph, haemocytes, connective tissue, and fixed phagocytes. Some physiological conditions such as moulting and starvation cause marked but reversible ultrastructural alterations of the epithelial cells. Environmental toxicants induce either detoxification mechanisms or structural damage in cells, depending on toxicant and concentration. The hepatopancreas is also a main target organ for pathogens, mainly viruses, bacteria, and protists that enter the body via the digestive tract and gills and replicate in the hepatopancreatocytes. The cytopathologies caused by toxicants and pathogens affect single cell types specifically or, more often, several cell types simultaneously. Pathogenesis often begins in a certain cell organelle such as the nucleus, mitochondrion, or endoplasmic reticulum, spreads to other organelles, and ends with death of the infected cell. Fixed phagocytes in the interstitium capture and degrade pathogens that move from the infected tubules into the intertubular spaces or enter the hepatopancreas via circulation. Relatively few disease agents elicit the melanisation and encapsulation reaction that encloses infected tubules by a rigid melanised capsule and kills the entrapped pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Vogt
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Yang H, Xiong H, Mi K, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen G. The surface syndecan protein from Macrobrachium rosenbergii could function as mediator in bacterial infections. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:62-68. [PMID: 31704203 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the aquatic animal pathogens are numerous and specific, the pathogen invasion mechanisms are more complicated. The cell surface receptors play vital roles to understand these mechanisms. Syndecan is a cell surface protein and could function as a receptor involved bacteria and virus infections. But there are few studies on the function of syndecan in shrimp and their interaction with aquatic bacterial pathogens. In the present study, we identified a syndecan receptor gene from Macrobrachium rosenbergii and analyzed its functions during the bacterial infections. The MrSDC was expressed in various tissues and presented a constitutive expression distribution except in eyestalk. Recombinant MrSDC-his tag protein was expressed in the E. coli BL21 with pET30a/MrSDC plasmid and exhibited a broad bacterial binding activities. The inhibition of MrSDC expression by dsRNA interference and antibody blocked could significantly reduce the number of Aeromonas hydrophila in hepatopancreas compared with the control. The overexpression of MrSDC by mRNA injection could significantly increase the number of A. hydrophila. In addition, the functional role of syndecan heparan sulfate chains in bacterial recognition was also studied. After extra injection of heparan sulfate in vivo, the bacterial numbers and accumulative mortality of M. rosenbergii were significantly higher than control groups and exhibit a dose effect. All these data could indicate that the cell surface syndecan protein could function as mediator in bacterial infections by the heparan sulfate chains. Our present study will provide new insights into the functions of shrimp syndecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Haoran Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Kaihang Mi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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17
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Huang Y, Ren Q. A Kruppel-like factor from Macrobrachium rosenbergii (MrKLF) involved in innate immunity against pathogen infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:519-527. [PMID: 31683000 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) belong to a family of zinc finger-containing transcription factors that are widely present in eukaryotes. In the present study, a novel KLF from the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (designated as MrKLF) was successfully cloned and characterized. The full-length cDNA of MrKLF was 1799 bp with an open reading frame of 1332 bp that encodes a putative protein of 444 amino acids, including three conserved ZnF_C2H2 domains at the C-terminus. Multiple alignment analysis showed that MrKLF and other crustacean KLFs shared high similarity. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that MrKLF mRNA was found in different tissues of prawns and detected in the gills, hepatopancreas, and intestines. After the challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila, different expression patterns of MrKLF in the gills, intestines, and hepatopancreas were observed. RNA interference analysis indicated that MrKLF was involved in regulating the expression of four antimicrobial peptides, namely, Crustin (Crus) 2, Crus8, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) 1, and ALF3. These results help promote research on M. rosenbergii innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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18
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Gangnonngiw W, Bunnontae M, Phiwsaiya K, Senapin S, Dhar AK. In experimental challenge with infectious clones of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV), MrNV alone can cause mortality in freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Virology 2019; 540:30-37. [PMID: 31734381 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the lack of immortal shrimp cell lines for shrimp viral research, we constructed and tested DNA infectious clones of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) often found together in freshwater prawn (M. rosenbergii) exhibiting white tail disease (WTD). Full-length cDNAs of MrNV and XSV genomic RNA were individually inserted into the baculovirus pFastBacDUAL shuttle vector. Individual Sf9 (insect cell line) transfection resulted in production of RNA (RT-PCR) and capsid proteins (immunofluorescence) for both viruses. Presence of respective virions was confirmed by density gradient purification followed by RT-PCR and transmission electron microscopy. Infectivity was by tested in immersion-challenge tests with M. rosenbergii post-larvae (PL) using both semi-purified viruses, individually or combined, and confirmed by histological analysis (morphology and immunofluorescence) and quantitative RT-PCR. Mortality accompanied by WTD lesions occurred with MrNV alone or in combination with XSV but not with XSV alone, despite its replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warachin Gangnonngiw
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pratum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Malinee Bunnontae
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pratum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pratum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Arun K Dhar
- Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Building 90, 1117 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ, 85718, USA
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19
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Gao X, Miao Z, Li X, Chen N, Gu W, Liu X, Yang H, Wei W, Zhang X. Pathogenicity of non-O1/ O139 Vibrio cholerae and its induced immune response in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:300-307. [PMID: 31202968 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of mass mortalities occurred in Macrobrachium rosenbergii farms in Gaoyou county, Jiangsu Province of China. The bacterial isolates from M. rosenbergii exhibited the same phenotypic traits and biochemical characteristics, and were identified as non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae according to biochemical characteristics and molecular identification. In challenge test, M. rosenbergii infected with non-O1/O139 V. cholerae GXFL1-4 developed similar pathological signs to the naturally diseased prawns, and LD50 of the strain to M. rosenbergii was 4.5 × 106 CFU/mL at 96 h post-infection. Histopathological analysis revealed that hepatopancreas and intestines of diseased M. rosenbergii exhibited obvious inflammatory responses to non-O1/O139 V. cholerae infection. Detection virulence factors of the strain GXFL1-4 showed that the bacteria produced caseinase, lipase, amylase, lecithinase and hemolysin, and carried toxR, hlyA, ompW, ompU, hap, rtxA and rtxC virulence related genes, supporting the strong virulence to M. rosenbergii. Additionally, the immune related gene expression in M. rosenbergii evaluated by qRT-PCR analysis showed that HSP70, Crustin, Lysozyme, TRL1, ALF1, Lectin, Peroxinectin, proPO and SOD immune related genes were significantly up-regulated at 6 and 12 h after infection with GXFL1-4. The results of our study suggested that non-O1/O139 V. cholerae was an etiological element in the mass mortalities of M. rosenbergii and this study provided preliminary insights into the diversity in the immune response of M. rosenbergii to the bacterial invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhen Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xixi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Nan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenwen Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wanhong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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20
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Sirikharin R, Utairungsee T, Srisala J, Roytrakul S, Thitamadee S, Sritunyalucksana K. Cell surface transglutaminase required for nodavirus entry into freshwater prawn hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:108-116. [PMID: 30928665 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To identify molecules involved in Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) entry into hemocytes of the giant freshwater prawn M. rosenbergii, biotinylated prawn hemocyte membrane proteins were prepared, purified and separated by SDS-PAGE. The proteins were blotted on the nitrocellulose membrane before incubation with the MrNV capsid protein (MrNV-CP) by a VOPBA technique. Subsequent mass spectrometry and analysis of immune-reactive bands represent putative binding partners including transglutaminase (TG), actin, α2-macroglobulin, α1-tubulin, F1-ATP synthase β-subunit and a currently uncharacterized protein. The sequence of TG has been characterized and found 5 amino acids differences to a previously reported MrTG (ADX99580), mainly at its N-terminal part and thus, we named it MrTGII (KM008611). Recombinant MrTGII was prepared to produce a polyclonal antibody against it, which was successfully revealed the presence of MrTGII (100 kDa) in prawn hemocyte lysates. Using the pentylamine-biotin incorporation assay, an acyl transfer reaction was observed when hemocyte lysates were added to solutions containing MrNV-CP, suggesting that hemocyte MrTG could use MrNV-CP as the substrate. The expression levels of MrTGII were changed during the course of MrNV infection. By using immunostaining technique, location of MrTGII on the hemocyte surface was confirmed. Specific interaction between MrTGII with MrNV-CP in a dose-dependent manner was confirmed by in vitro ELISA assay. The highest binding activity of MrNV-CP was found with the N-terminal portion of the protein. In vitro neutralization using anti-MrTGII antibody resulted in inhibition of MrNV attachment to the hemocyte surface, accompanied by a dramatic reduction in viral replication. This is the first time that crustacean TG has been shown to be involved in viral entry, in addition to its roles in blood clotting and haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanok Sirikharin
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Yothi Office, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanatchaporn Utairungsee
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Yothi Office, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Srisala
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Yothi Office, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genomic Institute, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Siripong Thitamadee
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kallaya Sritunyalucksana
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Yothi Office, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Qiu L, Chen X, Zhao RH, Li C, Gao W, Zhang QL, Huang J. Description of a Natural Infection with Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 in Farmed Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Viruses 2019; 11:E354. [PMID: 30999644 PMCID: PMC6521035 DOI: 10.3390/v11040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a valuable freshwater prawn in Asian aquaculture. In recent years, a new symptom that was generally called "white head" has caused high mortality in M. rosenbergii farms in China. Samples of M. rosenbergii, M. nipponense, Procambarus clarkii, M. superbum, Penaeus vannamei, and Cladocera from a farm suffering from white head in Jiangsu Province were collected and analyzed in this study. Pathogen detection showed that all samples were positive for Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1). Histopathological examination revealed dark eosinophilic inclusions and pyknosis in hematopoietic tissue, hepatopancreas, and gills of M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense. Blue signals of in situ digoxigenin-labeled loop-mediated isothermal amplification appeared in hematopoietic tissue, hemocytes, hepatopancreatic sinus, and antennal gland. Transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections showed a large number of DIV1 particles with a mean diameter about 157.9 nm. The virogenic stromata and budding virions were observed in hematopoietic cells. Quantitative detection with TaqMan probe based real-time PCR of different tissues in naturally infected M. rosenbergii showed that hematopoietic tissue contained the highest DIV1 load with a relative abundance of 25.4 ± 16.9%. Hepatopancreas and muscle contained the lowest DIV1 loads with relative abundances of 2.44 ± 1.24% and 2.44 ± 2.16%, respectively. The above results verified that DIV1 is the pathogen causing white head in M. rosenbergii. M. nipponense and Pr. clarkii are also species susceptible to DIV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xing Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Ruo-Heng Zhao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wen Gao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Qing-Li Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jie Huang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao); Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
- Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Ma KY, Yu SH, Du YX, Feng SQ, Qiu LJ, Ke DY, Luo MZ, Qiu GF. Construction of a Genomic Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) Library for the Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Initial Analysis of ZW Chromosome-Derived BAC Inserts. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:206-216. [PMID: 30632018 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-09873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on sex determination has proven valuable for commercial production of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii due to sex dimorphism of the male and female individuals. Previous studies indicated that prawn sex is determined by a ZW-ZZ chromosomal system, but no genomic information is available for the sex chromosome. Herein, we constructed a genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library and identified the ZW-derived BAC clones for initial analysis of the sex chromosomal DNA sequence. The arrayed BAC library contains 200,448 clones with average insert size of 115.4 kb, corresponding to ∼ 4× coverage of the estimated 5.38 Gb genome. Based on a short female-specific marker, a Z- and a W-fragment were retrieved with the genomic walking method. Screening the BAC library using a ZW-specific marker as probe resulted in 12 positive clones. From these, a Z-derived (P331M17) and a W-derived (P122G2) BAC clones were randomly selected and sequenced by PacBio method. We report the construction of a large insert, deep-coverage, and high-quality BAC library for M. rosenbergii that provides a useful resource for positional cloning of target genes, genomic organization, and comparative genomics analysis. Our study not only confirmed the ZW/ZZ system but also discovered sex-linked genes on ZW chromosomes for the first time, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the genomic structure of sex chromosomes in M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Yi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xin Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Jie Qiu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Yi Ke
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Zhong Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Feng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Pudong New Area, 201306, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Citarasu T, Lelin C, Thirumalaikumar E, Michael Babu M, Vakharia VN. Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV)-CP-RNA-2 DNA vaccine confers protective immunity in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii against MrNV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:319-326. [PMID: 30471336 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii Nodavirus (MrNV) causes white tail disease (WTD) in Giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii which leads to immense economic losses in hatcheries and farms. In the present study, we cloned the capsid protein gene of MrNV-CP-RNA-2 (1146 bp) into a DNA vaccine vector pVAX1 to form MrNV-CP-RNA-2- pVAX1. The bacterial transformant, containing the MrNV-CP gene, was coated on the fish diet pellets and fed to juvenile M. rosenbergii for 40 days. After the vaccine delivery, group of M. rosenbergii were challenged with virulent MrNV on 20 and 40th days post-vaccination (dpv) respectively and monitored for the survival. The non-vaccinated M. rosenbergii succumbed to death (100%) within 5 days, whereas the MrNV-CP-RNA-2- pVAX1 treated groups had the survivals of 60 and 80% in 20 and 40 dpv respectively (P ≤ 0.001). To study the MrNV infection level, double step PCR was performed at different dpv. The results revealed that in 20 dpv group, the infection was decreased to 65% and in 40 dpv group the infection decreased to 69% from control diet fed prawns (P < 0.001). Haematological parameters like coagulation time, total haemocyte count (THC) and oxyhaemocyanin levels were performed for the control and vaccinated prawns. The vaccination helped to decrease the time of coagulation, improved THC and oxyhaemocyanin levels at a significant level (p < 0.001) when compared to the non-vaccinated group. The immunological parameters like prophenol oxidase (ProPO), superoxide anion and intra-agar lysozyme activity were also performed and the results revealed that the level of proPO, superoxide anion and lysozyme activities were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in 20 and 40 dpv groups respectively, when compared with the non-vaccinated groups. Based on the vaccination trials, the DNA vaccine construct MrNV-CP-RNA-2-pVAX1 effectively improved the survival against MrNV challenge, helped to decrease viral load and enhanced the immune system to protect the prawn from MrNV infection. This vaccine construct is highly useful to protect the M. rosenbergii from MrNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavasimuthu Citarasu
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629 502, Tamilnadu, India; Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), University of Maryland Baltimore Country (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
| | - Chinnadurai Lelin
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629 502, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Eswaramoorthy Thirumalaikumar
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629 502, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mariavincent Michael Babu
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629 502, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vikram N Vakharia
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), University of Maryland Baltimore Country (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
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Liu X, Luo BY, Feng JB, Zhou LX, Ma KY, Qiu GF. Identification and profiling of microRNAs during gonadal development in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2406. [PMID: 30787336 PMCID: PMC6382778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38648-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As post-transcriptional regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in growth and reproductive processes. So far, there is limited information regarding crustacean miRNAs. To explore the potential role of miRNAs in the gonadal development of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, we constructed seven small RNA libraries from ovarian and testicular tissues at various stages using somatic tissue as the control. A total of 1,954 known and 129 novel miRNAs were retrieved. By comparing differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between testes and ovaries, forty-one miRNAs were identified with sex-biased expression patterns, including 17 ovary-biased and 24 testis-biased patterns. Furthermore, the putative target genes of the sex-biased miRNAs, such as cyclin L1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 (MAPK 7), heat shock protein (HSP), and zinc finger protein, were significantly enriched in many reproduction-related pathways including the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pathway, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis pathway, ovarian steroidogenesis, estrogen signaling pathway, MAPK pathway, Wnt pathway, and insulin signaling pathway, implicating potential regulatory roles of miRNAs in reproduction. These data aid in the further investigation of the mechanism of gonadal development and reproductive regulation mediated by miRNA in M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
| | - Bi-Yun Luo
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Bin Feng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Xia Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Yi Ma
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
| | - Gao-Feng Qiu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China.
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25
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Sahul Hameed AS, Ninawe AS, Nakai T, Chi SC, Johnson KL, Ictv Report Consortium. ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Sarthroviridae. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1563-1564. [PMID: 30507372 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Sarthroviridae includes a single genus, Macronovirus, which in turn includes a single species, Macrobrachium satellite virus 1. Members of this species, named extra small virus, are satellite viruses of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus, an unclassified virus related to members of the family Nodaviridae. Both viruses have isometric, spherical virions, infect giant freshwater prawns and together cause white tail disease, which is responsible for mass mortalities and severe economic losses in hatcheries and farms. Infection is caused by both vertical and horizontal transmission of virus. Aquatic insects act as a carrier to transmit the disease in prawns. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Sarthroviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/sarthroviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Sahul Hameed
- 1Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore Dt., TN, India
| | - A S Ninawe
- 2Advisor, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, CGO Complex, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - T Nakai
- 3Graduate School, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - S C Chi
- 4National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - K L Johnson
- 5Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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26
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Low CF, Md Yusoff MR, Kuppusamy G, Ahmad Nadzri NF. Molecular biology of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus infection in giant freshwater prawn. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1771-1781. [PMID: 30270534 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) has been threatening the giant freshwater prawn aquaculture since 1997, causing white tail disease in the prawn species that leads to 100% lethality of the infected postlarvae. Comprehension of the viral infectivity and pathogenesis at molecular biology level has recently resolved the viral capsid protein and evidenced the significant difference in the viral structural protein compared to other nodaviruses that infect fish and insect. Cumulative researches have remarked the proposal to assert MrNV as a member of new genus, gammanodavirus to the Nodaviridae family. The significance of molecular biology in MrNV infection is being highlighted in this current review, revolving the viral life cycle from virus binding and entry into host, virus replication in host cell, to virus assembly and release. The current review also highlights the emerging aptamers technology that is also known as synthetic antibody, its application in disease diagnosis, and its prophylactic and therapeutic properties. The future perspective of synthetic virology technology in understanding viral pathogenesis, as well as its potential in viral vaccine development, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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27
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Biology of viral satellites and their role in pathogenesis. Curr Opin Virol 2018; 33:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yan J, Gao Q, Cui Z, Yang G, Long Y. Molecular characterization of the giant freshwater prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii) beta-actin gene promoter. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5701. [PMID: 30386688 PMCID: PMC6202971 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive promoters are important tools for gene function studies and transgenesis. The Beta-actin (actb1) gene promoter has been isolated from many species but remains to be cloned from the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). In this study, we cloned and characterized the Mractb1 gene promoter. Two alternative promoters were identified for the Mractb1 gene, which direct the generation of two transcripts with different 5′ untranslated regions. Three CpG islands were predicted in the upstream sequence, which are intimately related to transcription initiation and promoter activity. In addition to the CCAAT-box and the CArG-box, molecular dissection of the flanking sequence revealed the existence of one negative and two positive elements in the upstream region and the first intron. Finally, the Mractb1 promoter demonstrated comparative activity to the carp (Cyprinus carpio) actb1 promoter. Our investigations provide a valuable genetic tool for gene function studies and shed light on the regulation of the Mractb1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Zongbin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Yong Long
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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29
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Ding Z, Jin M, Ren Q. Transcriptome analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii intestines under the white spot syndrome virus and poly (I:C) challenges. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204626. [PMID: 30265693 PMCID: PMC6161888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestine is a primary site of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in most crustaceans. To date, little is known about its role in the anti-viral immune response in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In this study, next-generation sequencing was employed to investigate the M. rosenbergii intestine transcriptomes following WSSV or poly I:C challenges. A total of 41.06 M, 39.58 M and 47.00 M clean reads were generated and assembled into 65,340, 71,241 and 70,614 transcripts from the negative control group (NG), WSSV challenge group (WG) and poly I:C treatment group (PG) respectively. Based on homology searches, functional annotation with 7 databases (NR, NT, GO, COG, KEGG, Swissprot and Interpro) for 88,412 transcripts was performed. After WSSV or poly (I:C) challenge, the numbers of up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were greater than the down-regulated DEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) classification of the DEGs also distributed similarly, with the same top 10 annotations and were all assigned to the signaling pathways, including spliceosome, Rap1 signaling pathway, proteoglycans, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, ECM receptor interaction. Results could contribute to a better understanding of the intestinal immune response to viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Ding
- Institute of Aquatic Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Dai ZM, Xiong Y, He W, Fang Y, Qian YQ, Zhu XJ. Wntless, a conserved Wnt-transport protein, is involved in the innate immune response of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:437-442. [PMID: 29933109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays important roles in a variety of developmental and pathological processes. Here we show that Wntless, the main regulator for Wnt secretion, is involved in the innate immune response of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The full-length cDNA of the prawn Wntless (named MrWntless) is 2173 bp in length and contains a 1602-bp open reading frame (ORF), which is conceptually translated into a 533-amino acids sequence. MrWntless protein contains a highly conserved Wnt-binding domain which is required for secretion of Wnt ligands, and exhibits 57-67% identity with known Wntless proteins of other animals. MrWntless was found to be expressed in a variety of prawn tissues including heart, gill, muscle, gut, hepatopancreas and ovary. Moreover, MrWntless expression was significantly increased in the hepatopancreas and gill of the prawns challenged by the bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Knockdown of MrWntless by RNA interference in prawns led to dramatically decreased MrWntless expression of approximately 70%. Furthermore, the cumulative mortality rate of the prawn injected with MrWntless dsRNA was greatly increased in response to A. hydrophila challenge compared with the control prawns. Taken together, we provide evidence that prawn Wntless is important for their innate immune response against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Min Dai
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan Xiong
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiran He
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yukun Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye-Qing Qian
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhu XJ, Xiong Y, He W, Jin Y, Qian YQ, Liu J, Dai ZM. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) juvenile hormone esterase-like carboxylesterase following immune challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:10-14. [PMID: 29803663 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Methyl farnesoate (MF), the crustacean juvenile hormone (JH), plays critical roles in various physiological processes in crustaceans. The titer of MF is precisely regulated by specific carboxylesterase. Here, we report for the first time that the cloning and expression analysis of a JH esterase-like carboxylesterase from the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (named as MrCXE). MrCXE contained a 1935-bp open reading frame (ORF) conceptually translated into a 644-amino acids protein. MrCXE protein shared the highest identity (36%) with JH esterase-like carboxylesterase from the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus and exhibited the typical motifs of JH esterase-like carboxylesterases. MrCXE was most abundantly expressed in hepatopancreas, the major tissue for MF metabolism. MrCXE was expressed at a low level in gut and was not detected in other tissues. Additionally, MrCXE expression was upregulated in hepatopancreas by eyestalk ablation to increase MF level. Furthermore, the mRNA level of MrCXE was significantly increased in the hepatopancreas when challenged by the bacterial pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the JH esterase-like carboxylesterase is involved in the innate immune response of the crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan Xiong
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiran He
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 310018, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye-Qing Qian
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 310018, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhong-Min Dai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Thong QX, Wong CL, Ooi MK, Kueh CL, Ho KL, Alitheen NB, Tan WS. Peptide inhibitors of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1227-1238. [PMID: 30041713 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNv) causes white tail disease (WTD) in giant freshwater prawns, which leads to devastating economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Despite extensive research on MrNv, there is still no antiviral agent to treat WTD. Thus, the main aim of this study was to identify potential anti-MrNv molecules. A 12-mer phage-displayed peptide library was biopanned against the MrNv virus-like particle (VLP). After four rounds of biopanning, two dominant phages harbouring the amino acid sequences HTKQIPRHIYSA and VSRHQSWHPHDL were selected. An equilibrium binding assay in solution was performed to determine the relative dissociation constant (KDrel) of the interaction between the MrNv VLP and the selected fusion phages. Phage-HTKQIPRHIYSA has a KDrel value of 92.4±22.8 nM, and phage-VSRHQSWHPHDL has a KDrel value of 12.7±3.8 nM. An in-cell elisa was used to determine the inhibitory effect of the synthetic peptides towards the entry of MrNv VLP into Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells. Peptides HTKQIPRHIYSA and VSRHQSWHPHDL inhibited the entry of the MrNv VLP into Sf9 cells with IC50 values of 30.4±3.6 and 26.5±8.8 µM, respectively. Combination of both peptides showed a significantly higher inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 4.9±0.4 µM. An MTT assay revealed that the viability of MrNv-infected cells increased to about 97 % in the presence of both peptides. A real-time RT-PCR assay showed that simultaneous application of both peptides significantly reduced the number of MrNv per infected cell, from 97±9 to 11±4. These peptides are lead compounds which can be further developed into potent anti-MrNv agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Xian Thong
- 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chuan Loo Wong
- 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Man Kwan Ooi
- 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,†Present address: Virus-Host Interaction Research Group, Infectious Disease Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chare Li Kueh
- 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok Lian Ho
- 2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,4Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,4Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Gotesman M, Menanteau-Ledouble S, Saleh M, Bergmann SM, El-Matbouli M. A new age in AquaMedicine: unconventional approach in studying aquatic diseases. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:178. [PMID: 29879957 PMCID: PMC5992843 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine and aquaculture industries are important sectors of the food production and global trade. Unfortunately, the fish food industry is challenged with a plethora of infectious pathogens. The freshwater and marine fish communities are rapidly incorporating novel and most up to date techniques for detection, characterization and treatment strategies. Rapid detection of infectious diseases is important in preventing large disease outbreaks. MAIN TEXT One hundred forty-six articles including reviews papers were analyzed and their conclusions evaluated in the present paper. This allowed us to describe the most recent development research regarding the control of diseases in the aquatic environment as well as promising avenues that may result in beneficial developments. For the characterization of diseases, traditional sequencing and histological based methods have been augmented with transcriptional and proteomic studies. Recent studies have demonstrated that transcriptional based approaches using qPCR are often synergistic to expression based studies that rely on proteomic-based techniques to better understand pathogen-host interactions. Preventative therapies that rely on prophylactics such as vaccination with protein antigens or attenuated viruses are not always feasible and therefore, the development of therapies based on small nucleotide based medicine is on the horizon. Of those, RNAi or CRISPR/Cas- based therapies show great promise in combating various types of diseases caused by viral and parasitic agents that effect aquatic and fish medicine. CONCLUSIONS In our modern times, when the marine industry has become so vital for feed and economic stability, even the most extreme alternative treatment strategies such as the use of small molecules or even the use of disease to control invasive species populations should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gotesman
- Department of Biology, New York City College of Technology of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Simon Menanteau-Ledouble
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mona Saleh
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven M Bergmann
- Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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Saray P, Roytrakul S, Pangeson T, Phetrungnapha A. Comparative proteomic analysis of hepatopancreas in Macrobrachium rosenbergii responded to Poly (I:C). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:164-171. [PMID: 29427716 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gel-enhanced liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the proteome of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas responded to Poly (I:C). GeLC-MS/MS analysis identified 515 differentially-expressed proteins with ≥1.5 and ≤ -0.5 log2 fold change. Of these, 195 differentially-expressed proteins were significantly matched to known proteins in the database, of which 102 proteins were up-regulated and 93 proteins were down-regulated. These proteins were classified into 21 categories, i.e. metabolic process, oxidative stress response, signaling, transcription, translation, cell cycle, transport, etc. Several immune factors were up-regulated upon Poly (I:C) injection. Protein-protein interaction network analysis of these immune factors identified three major protein clusters including RNAi, stress responses, and Toll pathway-proPO system, implying that Poly (I:C) activates immune responses in prawn through several mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pheng Saray
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Pangeson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Amnat Phetrungnapha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
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Yong CY, Yeap SK, Omar AR, Tan WS. Advances in the study of nodavirus. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3841. [PMID: 28970971 PMCID: PMC5622607 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nodaviruses are small bipartite RNA viruses which belong to the family of Nodaviridae. They are categorized into alpha-nodavirus, which infects insects, and beta-nodavirus, which infects fishes. Another distinct group of nodavirus infects shrimps and prawns, which has been proposed to be categorized as gamma-nodavirus. Our current review focuses mainly on recent studies performed on nodaviruses. Nodavirus can be transmitted vertically and horizontally. Recent outbreaks have been reported in China, Indonesia, Singapore and India, affecting the aquaculture industry. It also decreased mullet stock in the Caspian Sea. Histopathology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to examine the presence of nodaviruses in infected fishes and prawns. For classification, virus isolation followed by nucleotide sequencing are required. In contrast to partial sequence identification, profiling the whole transcriptome using next generation sequencing (NGS) offers a more comprehensive comparison and characterization of the virus. For rapid diagnosis of nodavirus, assays targeting the viral RNA based on reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) such as microfluidic chips, reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and RT-LAMP coupled with lateral flow dipstick (RT-LAMP-LFD) have been developed. Besides viral RNA detections, diagnosis based on immunological assays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunodot and Western blotting have also been reported. In addition, immune responses of fish and prawn are also discussed. Overall, in fish, innate immunity, cellular type I interferon immunity and humoral immunity cooperatively prevent nodavirus infections, whereas prawns and shrimps adopt different immune mechanisms against nodavirus infections, through upregulation of superoxide anion, prophenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), crustin, peroxinectin, anti-lipopolysaccharides and heat shock proteins (HSP). Potential vaccines for fishes and prawns based on inactivated viruses, recombinant proteins or DNA, either delivered through injection, oral feeding or immersion, are also discussed in detail. Lastly, a comprehensive review on nodavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) is presented. In recent years, studies on prawn nodavirus are mainly focused on Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV). Recombinant MrNV VLPs have been produced in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Their roles as a nucleic acid delivery vehicle, a platform for vaccine development, a molecular tool for mechanism study and in solving the structures of MrNV are intensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chean Yeah Yong
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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36
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Doan QK, Vandeputte M, Chatain B, Morin T, Allal F. Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in aquaculture: a review. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:717-742. [PMID: 27633881 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), otherwise known as viral nervous necrosis (VNN), is a major devastating threat for aquatic animals. Betanodaviruses have been isolated in at least 70 aquatic animal species in marine and in freshwater environments throughout the world, with the notable exception of South America. In this review, the main features of betanodavirus, including its diversity, its distribution and its transmission modes in fish, are firstly presented. Then, the existing diagnosis and detection methods, as well as the different control procedures of this disease, are reviewed. Finally, the potential of selective breeding, including both conventional and genomic selection, as an opportunity to obtain resistant commercial populations, is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q K Doan
- Ifremer, UMR 9190 MARBEC, Palavas-les-Flots, France
- TNU, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Quyet Thang Commune, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | - M Vandeputte
- Ifremer, UMR 9190 MARBEC, Palavas-les-Flots, France
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - B Chatain
- Ifremer, UMR 9190 MARBEC, Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - T Morin
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Unit Viral Diseases of Fish, Plouzané, France
| | - F Allal
- Ifremer, UMR 9190 MARBEC, Palavas-les-Flots, France
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37
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Hanapi UF, Yong CY, Goh ZH, Alitheen NB, Yeap SK, Tan WS. Tracking the virus-like particles of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus in insect cells. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2947. [PMID: 28194311 PMCID: PMC5301976 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNv) poses a major threat to the prawn industry. Currently, no effective vaccine and treatment are available to prevent the spread of MrNv. Its infection mechanism and localisation in a host cell are also not well characterised. The MrNv capsid protein (MrNvc) produced in Escherichia coli self-assembled into virus-like particles (VLPs) resembling the native virus. Thus, fluorescein labelled MrNvc VLPs were employed as a model to study the virus entry and localisation in Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf9 cells. Through fluorescence microscopy and sub-cellular fractionation, the MrNvc was shown to enter Sf9 cells, and eventually arrived at the nucleus. The presence of MrNvc within the cytoplasm and nucleus of Sf9 cells was further confirmed by the Z-stack imaging. The presence of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), genistein, methyl-β-cyclodextrin or chlorpromazine (CPZ) inhibited the entry of MrNvc into Sf9 cells, but cytochalasin D did not inhibit this process. This suggests that the internalisation of MrNvc VLPs is facilitated by caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The whole internalisation process of MrNvc VLPs into a Sf9 cell was recorded with live cell imaging. We have also identified a potential nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of MrNvc through deletion mutagenesis and verified by classical-NLS mapping. Overall, this study provides an insight into the journey of MrNvc VLPs in insect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummi Fairuz Hanapi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Chean Yeah Yong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Zee Hong Goh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Wen Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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38
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Somrit M, Watthammawut A, Chotwiwatthanakun C, Ounjai P, Suntimanawong W, Weerachatyanukul W. C-terminal domain on the outer surface of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus capsid is required for Sf9 cell binding and internalization. Virus Res 2017; 227:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Itsathitphaisarn O, Thitamadee S, Weerachatyanukul W, Sritunyalucksana K. Potential of RNAi applications to control viral diseases of farmed shrimp. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 147:76-85. [PMID: 27867019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral pathogens pose a primary threat to global shrimp aquaculture. Despite the urgent industry need for them, practical anti-viral control methods are unavailable due, in part, to lack of an adaptive immune response in crustaceans that renders conventional vaccination methods ineffective. One currently studied method of high interest for protecting shrimp against viral infection relies on the post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism called RNA interference (RNAi) that is induced by gene-specific constructs of double stranded RNA (dsRNA). Although this approach was first described for successful protection of shrimp against white spot disease (WSD) by injecting dsRNA specific to genes of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) into shrimp in the laboratory in 2005 no practical method for use of dsRNA in shrimp farms has been developed to date. The apparent bottleneck for farm-scale applications of RNAi-mediated viral control in shrimp aquaculture is the lack of simple and cost-effective delivery methods. This review summarizes recent studies on use and delivery of dsRNA to shrimp via injection and oral routes in hatcheries and on farms and it discusses the research directions that might lead to development of practical methods for applications with farmed shrimp. Oral delivery methods tested so far include use of dsRNA-expressing bacteria as a component of dry feed pellets or use of living brine shrimp (Artemia) pre-fed with dsRNA before they are fed to shrimp. Also tested have been dsRNA enclosed in nanocontainers including chitosan, liposomes and viral-like particles (VLP) before direct injection or use as components of feed pellets for hatchery or pond-reared shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornchuma Itsathitphaisarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Siripong Thitamadee
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wattana Weerachatyanukul
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kallaya Sritunyalucksana
- Shrimp-Pathogen Interaction (SPI) Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Yothi Office, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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40
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Wang CS, Chang CY, Wen CM. Developing immunological methods for detecting Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus using a recombinant protein preparation. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2016; 39:715-727. [PMID: 26263892 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) have been identified as the causative agents for white tail disease (WTD) of M. rosenbergii. In this study, the gene sequences encoding MrNV and XSV capsid proteins were separately ligated into the pGEX-4T-3 expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. After induction, glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-tagged MrNV and XSV fusion proteins were obtained with molecular masses of 68 and 43 kDa, respectively. Specific polyclonal antibodies for MrNV and XSV against viral recombinant proteins and infected prawn tissues were verified using Western blotting. According to immunodot blot assay results, the detection sensitivities of antibodies were approximately 5 ng μL(-1) for both recombinant proteins GST-MrNV and GST-XSV. In additional, MrNV and XSV were detected at dilution levels of 1:2560 and 1:640 in the infected prawn tissues, respectively. No cross-reactions with white spot syndrome virus or grouper nervous necrosis virus were observed using immunodot blot assays. MrNV and XSV in infected muscle tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. Although the detection limit of the immunodot blot assay was lower than that of nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, these polyclonal antibodies can be useful for confirming MrNV and XSV infections in field tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-S Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-Y Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-M Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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41
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Jariyapong P. Nodavirus-based biological container for targeted delivery system. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 43:355-60. [PMID: 24588230 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.889702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biological containers such as virus-like particles (VLPs) have gained increasing interest in the fields of gene therapy and vaccine development. Several virus-based materials have been studied, but the toxicity, biodistribution, and immunology of these systems still require extensive investigation. The specific goal of this review is to provide information about nodaviruses, which are causative infectious agents of insects and aquatic animals, but not humans. By understanding the structure and biophysical properties of such viruses, further chemical or genetic modification for novel nanocarriers could be developed. Therefore, their application for therapeutic purposes, particularly in humans, is of great interest.
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42
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Rao R, Bhassu S, Bing RZY, Alinejad T, Hassan SS, Wang J. A transcriptome study on Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas experimentally challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 136:10-22. [PMID: 26880158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The world production of shrimp such as the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is seriously affected by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). There is an urgent need to understand the host pathogen interaction between M. rosenbergii and WSSV which will be able to provide a solution in controlling the spread of this infectious disease and lastly save the aquaculture industry. Now, using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), we will be able to capture the response of the M. rosenbergii to the pathogen and have a better understanding of the host defence mechanism. Two cDNA libraries, one of WSSV-challenged M. rosenbergii and a normal control one, were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 platform. After de novo assembly and clustering of the unigenes from both libraries, 63,584 standard unigenes were generated with a mean size of 698bp and an N50 of 1137bp. We successfully annotated 35.31% of all unigenes by using BLASTX program (E-value <10-5) against NCBI non-redundant (Nr), Swiss-Prot, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) and Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG) databases. Gene Ontology (GO) assessment was conducted using BLAST2GO software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by using the FPKM method showed 8443 host genes were significantly up-regulated whereas 5973 genes were significantly down-regulated. The differentially expressed immune related genes were grouped into 15 animal immune functions. The present study showed that WSSV infection has a significant impact on the transcriptome profile of M. rosenbergii's hepatopancreas, and further enhanced the knowledge of this host-virus interaction. Furthermore, the high number of transcripts generated in this study will provide a platform for future genomic research on freshwater prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Robin Zhu Ya Bing
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, 11th Floor, Main Building, Beishan, Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Tahereh Alinejad
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Building 3, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Jun Wang
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Fischer MG. A classification system for virophages and satellite viruses. Arch Virol 2015; 161:233-47. [PMID: 26446887 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Satellite viruses encode structural proteins required for the formation of infectious particles but depend on helper viruses for completing their replication cycles. Because of this unique property, satellite viruses that infect plants, arthropods, or mammals, as well as the more recently discovered satellite-like viruses that infect protists (virophages), have been grouped with other, so-called "sub-viral agents." For the most part, satellite viruses are therefore not classified. We argue that possession of a coat-protein-encoding gene and the ability to form virions are the defining features of a bona fide virus. Accordingly, all satellite viruses and virophages should be consistently classified within appropriate taxa. We propose to create four new genera - Albetovirus, Aumaivirus, Papanivirus, and Virtovirus - for positive-sense single-stranded (+) RNA satellite viruses that infect plants and the family Sarthroviridae, including the genus Macronovirus, for (+)RNA satellite viruses that infect arthopods. For double-stranded DNA virophages, we propose to establish the family Lavidaviridae, including two genera, Sputnikvirus and Mavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mart Krupovic
- Unité Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
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Alinejad T, Bin KQ, Vejayan J, Othman R, Bhassu S. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed protein in hemocytes of wild giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). Meta Gene 2015; 5:55-67. [PMID: 26106581 PMCID: PMC4473098 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epizootic diseases cause huge mortality and economical loses at post larvae stages in freshwater prawn aquaculture industry. These prawns seem less susceptible to viral diseases except for infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). During viral infection in prawns, hemocytes are the primary organ that shows immunological response within the early stages of infection. We applied proteomic approaches to understand differential expression of the proteins in hemocytes during the viral disease outbreak. To aid the goal, we collected Macrobrachium rosenbergii broodstocks from the local grow out hatchery which reported the first incidence of IHHNV viral outbreak during larvae stage. Primarily, application of the OIE primer targeting 389 bp fragments of IHHNV virus was used in identification of the infected and non-infected samples of the prawn breeding line. Analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed specific down-regulation of Arginine kinase and Sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein and up/down-regulation of Prophenoloxidase1 and hemocyanin isoforms. These proteins were validated using semi quantitative RT-PCR and gene transcripts at mRNA level. These identified proteins can be used as biomarkers, providing a powerful approach to better understanding of the immunity pathway of viral disease with applications in analytic and observational epidemiology diagnosis. Proteomic profiling allows deep insight into the pathogenesis of IHHNV molecular regulation and mechanism of hemocyte in freshwater prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Alinejad
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Div., Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, CEBAR, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwong Q. Bin
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Div., Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J. Vejayan
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 46150 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R.Y. Othman
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Div., Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, CEBAR, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. Bhassu
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Div., Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, CEBAR, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rao R, Bing Zhu Y, Alinejad T, Tiruvayipati S, Lin Thong K, Wang J, Bhassu S. RNA-seq analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Gut Pathog 2015; 7:6. [PMID: 25922623 PMCID: PMC4411767 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-015-0052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Malaysian giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important crustacean worldwide. However, production of this prawn is facing a serious threat from Vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio species such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Unfortunately, the mechanisms involved in the immune response of this species to bacterial infection are not fully understood. We therefore used a high-throughput deep sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome and comparative expression profiles of the hepatopancreas from this freshwater prawn infected with V. parahaemolyticus to gain an increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the species’ immune response to this pathogenic bacteria. Result A total of 59,122,940 raw reads were obtained from the control group, and 58,385,094 reads from the Vibrio-infected group. Via de novo assembly by Trinity assembler, 59,050 control unigenes and 73,946 Vibrio-infected group unigenes were obtained. By clustering unigenes from both libraries, a total of 64,411 standard unigenes were produced. The standard unigenes were annotated against the NCBI non-redundant, Swiss-Prot, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) and Orthologous Groups of Proteins (COG) databases, with 19,799 (30.73%), 16,832 (26.13%), 14,706 (22.83%) and 7,856 (12.19%) hits respectively, giving a final total of 22,455 significant hits (34.86% of all unigenes). A Gene Ontology (GO) analysis search using the Blast2GO program resulted in 6,007 unigenes (9.32%) being categorized into 55 functional groups. A differential gene expression analysis produced a total of 14,569 unigenes aberrantly expressed, with 11,446 unigenes significantly up-regulated and 3,103 unigenes significantly down-regulated. The differentially expressed immune genes fall under various processes of the animal immune system. Conclusion This study provided an insight into the antibacterial mechanism in M. rosenbergii and the role of differentially expressed immune genes in response to V. parahaemolyticus infection. Furthermore, this study has generated an abundant list of transcript from M.rosenbergii which will provide a fundamental basis for future genomics research in this field. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-015-0052-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao
- Genomic Research and Breeding Laboratory and Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ya Bing Zhu
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, 11th Floor, Main Building, Beishan, Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083 China
| | - Tahereh Alinejad
- Genomic Research and Breeding Laboratory and Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suma Tiruvayipati
- Genomic Research and Breeding Laboratory and Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwai Lin Thong
- Microbiology Unit, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jun Wang
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, 11th Floor, Main Building, Beishan, Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083 China
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Genomic Research and Breeding Laboratory and Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Liang Y, Zhang W, Zhang H, Shi Z. 3'-UTR sequence of Macrobrachium rosenbergii extra small virus (XSV) is important for viral RNA packaging. Virol Sin 2014; 29:133-5. [PMID: 24752766 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-014-3418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingzi Liang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Økland AL, Nylund A, Øvergård AC, Blindheim S, Watanabe K, Grotmol S, Arnesen CE, Plarre H. Genomic characterization and phylogenetic position of two new species in Rhabdoviridae infecting the parasitic copepod, salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). PLoS One 2014; 9:e112517. [PMID: 25402203 PMCID: PMC4234470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several new viruses have emerged during farming of salmonids in the North Atlantic causing large losses to the industry. Still the blood feeding copepod parasite, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, remains the major challenge for the industry. Histological examinations of this parasite have revealed the presence of several virus-like particles including some with morphologies similar to rhabdoviruses. This study is the first description of the genome and target tissues of two new species of rhabdoviruses associated with pathology in the salmon louse. Salmon lice were collected at different Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming sites on the west coast of Norway and prepared for histology, transmission electron microscopy and Illumina sequencing of the complete RNA extracted from these lice. The nearly complete genomes, around 11,600 nucleotides encoding the five typical rhabdovirus genes N, P, M, G and L, of two new species were obtained. The genome sequences, the putative protein sequences, and predicted transcription strategies for the two viruses are presented. Phylogenetic analyses of the putative N and L proteins indicated closest similarity to the Sigmavirus/Dimarhabdoviruses cluster, however, the genomes of both new viruses are significantly diverged with no close affinity to any of the existing rhabdovirus genera. In situ hybridization, targeting the N protein genes, showed that the viruses were present in the same glandular tissues as the observed rhabdovirus-like particles. Both viruses were present in all developmental stages of the salmon louse, and associated with necrosis of glandular tissues in adult lice. As the two viruses were present in eggs and free-living planktonic stages of the salmon louse vertical, transmission of the viruses are suggested. The tissues of the lice host, Atlantic salmon, with the exception of skin at the attachment site for the salmon louse chalimi stages, were negative for these two viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Are Nylund
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Sindre Grotmol
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- SLRC-Sea Lice Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Heidrun Plarre
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Jariyapong P, Chotwiwatthanakun C, Somrit M, Jitrapakdee S, Xing L, Cheng HR, Weerachatyanukul W. Encapsulation and delivery of plasmid DNA by virus-like nanoparticles engineered from Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus. Virus Res 2013; 179:140-6. [PMID: 24184445 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are potential candidates in developing biological containers for packaging therapeutic or biologically active agents. Here, we expressed Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNv) capsid protein (encoding amino acids M1-N371 with 6 histidine residuals) in an Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). These easily purified capsid protein self-assembled into VLPs, and disassembly/reassembly could be controlled in a calcium-dependent manner. Physically, MrNv VLPs resisted to digestive enzymes, a property that should be advantageous for protection of active compounds against harsh conditions. We also proved that MrNv VLPs were capable of encapsulating plasmid DNA in the range of 0.035-0.042 mol ratio (DNA/protein) or 2-3 plasmids/VLP (assuming that MrNV VLPs is T=1, i made up of 60 capsid monomers). These VLPs interacted with cultured insect cells and delivered loaded plasmid DNA into the cells as shown by green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter. With many advantageous properties including self-encapsulation, MrNv VLPs are good candidates for delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchanee Jariyapong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Phyathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala District, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
| | | | - Monsicha Somrit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Phyathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Phyathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Li Xing
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Holland R Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Wattana Weerachatyanukul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Phyathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Naveen Kumar S, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Protection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii against white tail disease by oral administration of bacterial expressed and encapsulated double-stranded RNA. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:833-839. [PMID: 23811407 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
White tail disease (WTD) of cultured Macrobrachium rosenbergii is caused by M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and an extra small virus (XSV), both present together, and the mortality rate can be as high as 100% within 2 or 3 days of infection. Possible protection of M. rosenbergii against WTD by oral administration of bacterial expressed and encapsulated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was studied. Juvenile M. rosenbergii were fed with the feed coated with inactivated bacteria encapsulated dsRNA of MrNV and XSV genes individually and in combination for 7 days followed by challenge with WTD causing agents at 24 h and 72 h post-feeding. Test animals fed with a combination of dsRNA of MrNV and XSV capsid genes showed the highest relative percent survival (RPS) when compared to other treatments with RPS of 80% and 75% at 24 and 72 h respectively. One hundred percent mortality was observed in test animals fed with control dsRNA coated feed. Although in the literature, injection is the most common method used to deliver dsRNA, this study shows that oral administration is effective, feasible and economical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaiah Naveen Kumar
- UNESCO-MIRCEN for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Fisheries Microbiology, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, College of Fisheries, Mangalore 575 002, India
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Jiang XH, Qiu GF. Female-only sex-linked amplified fragment length polymorphism markers support ZW/ZZ sex determination in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Anim Genet 2013; 44:782-5. [PMID: 23763724 DOI: 10.1111/age.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sex determination mechanisms in many crustacean species are complex and poorly documented. In the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, a ZW/ZZ sex determination system was previously proposed based on sex ratio data obtained by crosses of sex-reversed females (neomales). To provide molecular evidence for the proposed system, novel sex-linked molecular markers were isolated in this species. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) using 64 primer combinations was employed to screen prawn genomes for DNA markers linked with sex loci. Approximately 8400 legible fragments were produced, 13 of which were uniquely identified in female prawns with no indication of corresponding male-specific markers. These AFLP fragments were reamplified, cloned and sequenced, producing two reliable female-specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Additional individuals from two unrelated geographic populations were used to verify these findings, confirming female-specific amplification of single bands. Detection of internal polymorphic sites was conducted by designing new primer pairs based on these internal fragments. The internal SCAR fragments also displayed specificity in females, indicating high levels of variation between female and male specimens. The distinctive feature of female-linked SCAR markers can be applied for rapid detection of prawn gender. These sex-specific SCAR markers and sex-associated AFLP candidates unique to female specimens support a sex determination system consistent with female heterogamety (ZW) and male homogamety (ZZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Certificated by Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
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