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Hao D, Luo W, Yan Y, Zhou J. Focus on cuproptosis: Exploring new mechanisms and therapeutic application prospects of cuproptosis regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117182. [PMID: 39053428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, which plays an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Despite the increasing research on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and their correlation with diseases, the pathogenesis of cuproptosis-related diseases remains unclear. Furthermore, there is a lack of reviews on the emerging technologies for regulating cuproptosis in disease treatment. This study delves into the copper-induced cell death mechanism, distinguishing cuproptosis from mechanisms like oxidative stress, glutathione synthesis inhibition, and ubiquitin-proteasome system inhibition. Several long-standing mysteries of diseases such as Wilson's disease and Menkes disease may be attributed to the occurrence of cuproptosis. In addition, we also review the detection indicators related to cuproptosis, providing targets for the diagnosis of cuproptosis-related diseases, and summarize the application value of cuproptosis in tumor therapy to better elucidate the impact of copper in cell death and diseases, and thus to promote the application prospects and possible strategies of cuproptosis-related substances, such as copper ion chelators, copper ion carriers, and copper nanomaterials, in disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Hao
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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Botacin EC, Duarte SMB, Stefano JT, Barbosa MED, Pessoa MG, Oliveira CP. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION-ASSOCIATED STEATOTIC LIVER DISEASE (MASLD). ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2024; 61:e23128. [PMID: 39045999 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.24612023-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the frequency and intensity of anxious and depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). METHODS This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study, resulting from 106 patients from the Hepatology outpatient clinic at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil without a history of alcohol abuse, verified by the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT). These were assessed using the sociodemographic data sheet, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS A total of 69.8% were women and 30.2% were men, with a mean age of 61 years. The majority (71.7%) discovered MASLD through routine exams, presenting as comorbidities: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (59.4%), Dyslipidemia (49.1%), Arterial hypertension (68.9%), Obesity (61.3%) and Metabolic syndrome [MetS (63.2%)]. The HADS scale indicates 34% probability of anxiety and 33% depressive symptoms. The Hamilton's scales of intensity indicates 63.9% severe anxiety and 54.3% severe depression. There is also a relationship between anxiety, depression and the female gender, as well as between depression and MetS. CONCLUSION The findings point to the presence of anxiety and depression in more than one third of MASLD patients, most with severe symptoms. The group is concentrated in the elderly, with many comorbidities, including MetS. There was a positive correlation between anxiety, depression and being female; also, being significant between MetS and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloyse Cristina Botacin
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sebastião Mauro Bezerra Duarte
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - José Tadeu Stefano
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Mary Ellen Dias Barbosa
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Mario Guimarães Pessoa
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Cláudia P Oliveira
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Zang H, Yin Z, Guan P, Yu C, Shan A, Feng X. Dietary pterostilbene exerts potential protective effects by regulating lipid metabolism and enhancing antioxidant capacity on liver in broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:921-933. [PMID: 38372476 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Intensive breeding of broilers met the increasing demands of human for broiler products, but it raised their increased susceptibility to various stressors resulting in the disorder of lipid metabolism. Pterostilbene, the methoxylated analogue of resveratrol, exhibits astonishing functions of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and glycolipid regulatory. The study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of pterostilbene on broiler liver and to explore the potential mechanisms. A total of 480 one-day-old male Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (basal diet) and pterostilbene groups (PT200, PT400, and PT600 feeding with basal diet containing 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg pterostilbene, respectively). The results showed that the dietary pterostilbene supplementation significantly improved the ADG of broilers. Dietary pterostilbene supplementation regulated the expression levels of the genes Sirt1 and AMPK and the downstream genes related to lipid metabolism to protect liver function and reduce lipid accumulation in broilers. Dietary pterostilbene supplementation upregulated the expression levels of the Nrf2 gene and its downstream antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX) and phase II detoxification enzyme-related genes (GST, GCLM, GCLC). Collectively, pterostilbene was confirmed the positive effects as a feed additive on lipid metabolism and antioxidant via regulating Sirt1/AMPK and Nrf2 signalling pathways in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licong Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Zang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zesheng Yin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyue Guan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunting Yu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Feng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Chisthi MM. Validation of adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2629-2632. [PMID: 38855158 PMCID: PMC11154672 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i20.2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This editorial delves into the research article by Zeng et al published in the latest issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The manuscript contributes significantly to addressing the global health issue of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by introducing and validating the Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale (EDAS). The article effectively conveys the importance of the study, highlighting the prevalence of NAFLD, the lack of approved drugs for its treatment, and the crucial role of lifestyle correction. The use of the Delphi method for scale deve-lopment and the subsequent evaluation of its reliability add scientific rigor to the methodology. The results demonstrate that the scale is correlated with key lifestyle indicators, which makes it a promising tool for assessing patient adherence to interventions. The identification of specific score thresholds for predicting adherence to daily calorie intake and exercise adds practical value to the scale. The differentiation among scores indicative of good, average, and poor adherence enhances its clinical applicability. In conclusion, the manuscript introduces EDAS, a valuable instrument that can contribute substantially to the field of NAFLD research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meer M Chisthi
- Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College Pathanamthitta, Konni 689691, Kerala, India
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Moretti JB, Drouin A, Truong C, Youn E, Cloutier A, Alvarez F, Paganelli M, Grzywacz K, Jantchou P, Dubois J, Levy E, El Jalbout R. Effects of polyphenol supplementation on hepatic steatosis, intima-media thickness and non-invasive vascular elastography in obese adolescents: a pilot study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e074882. [PMID: 38296273 PMCID: PMC10828866 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly prevalent in obese adolescents. Increased systemic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity linked to obesity affect the liver and are also associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. However, NAFLD and vascular alterations are reversible. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a prospective open-label randomised controlled trial evaluating the effects of polyphenols on NAFLD and vascular parameters in obese adolescents. Children aged 12-18 years with hepatic steatosis (n=60) will be recruited. The participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive polyphenol supplementation one time per day for 8 weeks along with the clinician-prescribed treatment (group B, n=30) or to continue the prescribed treatment without taking any polyphenols (group A, n=30). The outcome measures will be collected from both the groups at day 1 before starting polyphenol supplementation, at day 60 after 8 weeks of supplementation and at day 120, that is, 60 days after supplementation. The changes in hepatic steatosis and vascular parameters will be measured using liver and vascular imaging. Furthermore, anthropometric measures, blood tests and stool samples for gut microbiome analysis will be collected. After evaluating the study's feasibility, we hypothesise that, as a secondary outcome, compared with group A, the adolescents in group B will have improved NAFLD, vascular parameters, systemic inflammation and gut microbiome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is approved by Health Canada and the hospital ethics. Participants and their parents/tutors will both provide consent. Trial results will be communicated to the collaborating gastroenterologists who follow the enrolled participants. Abstracts and scientific articles will be submitted to high-impact radiological societies and journals. CLINICALTRIALS gov ID: NCT03994029. Health Canada authorisation referral number: 250 811. Protocole version 13, 2 June 2023. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03994029.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anik Cloutier
- CHU Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emile Levy
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ramy El Jalbout
- Medical Imaging Department, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Zhu X, Cai J, Wang Y, Liu X, Chen X, Wang H, Wu Z, Bao W, Fan H, Wu S. A High-Fat Diet Increases the Characteristics of Gut Microbial Composition and the Intestinal Damage Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16733. [PMID: 38069055 PMCID: PMC10706137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing annually, and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a causative role in the development of NAFLD. However, the role of gut microbiota in the development of NAFLD remains unclear and warrants further investigation. Thus, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and we found that the HFD significantly induced obesity and increased the accumulation of intrahepatic lipids, along with alterations in serum biochemical parameters. Moreover, it was observed that the HFD also impaired gut barrier integrity. It was revealed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing that the HFD increased gut microbial diversity, which enriched Colidextribacter, Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136-group, Acetatifactor, and Erysipelatoclostridium. Meanwhile, it reduced the abundance of Faecalibaculum, Muribaculaceae, and Coriobacteriaceae-UCG-002. The predicted metabolic pathways suggest that HFD enhances the chemotaxis and functional activity of gut microbiota pathways associated with flagellar assembly, while also increasing the risk of intestinal pathogen colonization and inflammation. And the phosphotransferase system, streptomycin biosynthesis, and starch/sucrose metabolism exhibited decreases. These findings reveal the composition and predictive functions of the intestinal microbiome in NAFLD, further corroborating the association between gut microbiota and NAFLD while providing novel insights into its potential application in gut microbiome research for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Jiajia Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yifu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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Liu T, Liu Y, Zhang F, Gao Y. Copper homeostasis dysregulation promoting cell damage and the association with liver diseases. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023:00029330-990000000-00652. [PMID: 37284739 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Copper plays an important role in many metabolic activities in the human body. Copper level in the human body is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Recent research on copper metabolism has revealed that copper dyshomeostasis can cause cell damage and induce or aggravate some diseases by affecting oxidative stress, proteasome, cuprotosis, and angiogenesis. The liver plays a central role in copper metabolism in the human body. Research conducted in recent years has unraveled the relationship between copper homeostasis and liver diseases. In this paper, we review the available evidence of the mechanism by which copper dyshomeostasis promotes cell damage and the development of liver diseases, and identify the future research priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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Del Bo' C, Perna S, Allehdan S, Rafique A, Saad S, AlGhareeb F, Rondanelli M, Tayyem RF, Marino M, Martini D, Riso P. Does the Mediterranean Diet Have Any Effect on Lipid Profile, Central Obesity and Liver Enzymes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Subjects? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102250. [PMID: 37242133 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects has been evaluated in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effects of MD intervention in a cohort of NAFLD patients targeting specific markers such as central obesity, lipid profile, liver enzymes and fibrosis, and intrahepatic fat (IHF). Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies from the last 10 years. RCTs with NAFLD subjects were included in this systematic review with a mean intervention duration from 6 weeks to 1 year, and different intervention strategies, mainly including energy restriction MD (normal or low glycaemic index), low-fat MD with increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and increased exercise expenditure. The outcomes measured in this meta-analysis were gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), waist circumference (WC), and liver fibrosis. Ten randomized controlled trials, which involved a total of 737 adults with NAFLD, were included. According to the results, the MD seems to decrease the liver stiffness (kPa) by -0.42 (CI95% -0.92, 0.09) (p = 0.10) and significantly reduce the TC by -0.46 mg/dl (CI95% -0.55, -0.38) (p = 0.001), while no significant findings were documented for liver enzymes and WC among patients with NAFLD. In conclusion, the MD might reduce indirect and direct outcomes linked with NAFLD severity, such as TC, liver fibrosis, and WC, although it is important to consider the variations across trials. Further RCTs are necessary to corroborate the findings obtained and provide further evidence on the role of the MD in the modulation of other disorders related to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Sara Saad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Fahad AlGhareeb
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Reema F Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Cinque F, Cespiati A, Lombardi R, Guaraldi G, Sebastiani G. Nutritional and Lifestyle Therapy for NAFLD in People with HIV. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081990. [PMID: 37111209 PMCID: PMC10140991 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two major epidemics affecting millions of people worldwide. As people with HIV (PWH) age, there is an increased prevalence of metabolic comorbidities, along with unique HIV factors, such as HIV chronic inflammation and life-long exposure to antiretroviral therapy, which leads to a high prevalence of NAFLD. An unhealthy lifestyle, with a high dietary intake of refined carbohydrates, saturated fatty acids, fructose added beverages, and processed red meat, as well as physical inactivity, are known to trigger and promote the progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, with no currently approved pharmacotherapy and a lack of clinical trials that are inclusive of HIV, nutritional and lifestyle approaches still represent the most recommended treatments for PWH with NAFLD. While sharing common features with the general population, NAFLD in PWH displays its own peculiarities that may also reflect different impacts of nutrition and exercise on its onset and treatment. Therefore, in this narrative review, we aimed to explore the role of nutrients in the development of NAFLD in PWH. In addition, we discussed the nutritional and lifestyle approaches to managing NAFLD in the setting of HIV, with insights into the role of gut microbiota and lean NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Cinque
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cespiati
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa Lombardi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guaraldi
- Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Nandula SR, Nylen ES, Sen S. Novel Therapeutics in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Focus on Adult Stem Cells. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:71-78. [PMID: 36625898 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder that is associated with abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver, which can lead to a wide variety of pathological liver defects and associated insulin resistance (IR), obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The molecular mechanisms that cause the initiation and progression of NAFLD are not fully understood. Increased lipolysis and de novo hepatic lipid synthesis lead to oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species and inflammation. Both these two entities could be interrelated and be an important mechanistic pathway, which can lead to tissue injury and hepatic cell death. Mechanisms for worsening of NAFLD include mitochondrial abnormalities, downregulation of glutathione (GSH), decreased activity of GSH-dependent antioxidants, accumulation of activated macrophages, hepatic inflammation, systemic inflammation, IR, and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although no specific therapy has been approved for NAFLD, we review the latest medical therapeutics with emphasis on stem cell-based possibilities based on the presumed pathophysiology of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seshagiri Rao Nandula
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Eric S Nylen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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A Multi-Ingredient Supplement Protects against Obesity and Infertility in Western Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030611. [PMID: 36771318 PMCID: PMC9921271 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Western diet (WD) predisposes to bodyweight gain and obesity and is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, inflammation, and multisystem disease, even affecting the reproductive organs, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes. In this study, we investigated the effects of multi-ingredient supplementation (MIS) with antioxidants, phytonutrients, and vitamins ('Fertility Enhancer'; FE) on white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and infertility in WD-fed C57BL/6J mice. Five-month-old male (M) and female (F) mice were fed a low-fat diet (LF) or a high fat/sucrose WD (HF) for six weeks, followed by six weeks of LF (3.64 kcal/g), HF (4.56 kcal/g), or HF combined with FE (4.50 kcal/g). A sub-set of animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks, while the remainder were harem-mated in a 1:2 male-to-female ratio, and singly housed during the gestational period. Two-way, factorial ANOVA analysis revealed a main effect of diet on bodyweight (BW), total body fat, % body fat, white adipose tissue mass, and liver lipid content (all p < 0.001), driven by the anti-obesogenic effects of the 'Fertility Enhancer'. Similarly, a main effect of diet was found on PGC1-α mRNA levels (p < 0.05) and mitochondrial protein content (p < 0.001) in perigonadal WAT, with PGC1-α induction and higher complex II and complex III expression in FE vs. HF animals. Copulatory plug counts were higher in FE vs. HE couples (30% vs. 6%), resulting in more litters (4 vs. 0) and higher copulatory success (67% vs. 0%). Although the trends of all histology outcomes were suggestive of a benefit from the FE diet, only the number of atretic follicles and testicular mass were significant. Ovarian IL-1β mRNA induction was significantly attenuated in the FE group (p < 0.05 vs. HF) with CASP1 attenuation trending lower (p = 0.09 vs. HF), which is indicative of anti-inflammatory benefits of the 'Fertility Enhancer.' We conclude that supplementation with specific phytonutrients, antioxidants, and vitamins may have utility as an adjunctive therapy for weight management, fatty liver disease, and infertility in overweight and obese couples.
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Cernea S, Onișor D. Screening and interventions to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:286-309. [PMID: 36687124 PMCID: PMC9846941 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprising most cases. Besides hepatitis B and C viral infections, heavy alcohol use, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-associated advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, several other risk factors for HCC have been identified (i.e. old age, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes). These might in fact partially explain the occurrence of HCC in non-cirrhotic patients without viral infection. HCC surveillance through effective screening programs is still an unmet need for many nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, and identification of pre-cirrhotic individuals who progress to HCC represents a substantial challenge in clinical practice at the moment. Patients with NASH-cirrhosis should undergo systematic HCC surveillance, while this might be considered in patients with advanced fibrosis based on individual risk assessment. In this context, interventions that potentially prevent NAFLD/ NASH-associated HCC are needed. This paper provided an overview of evidence related to lifestyle changes (i.e. weight loss, physical exercise, adherence to healthy dietary patterns, intake of certain dietary components, etc.) and pharmacological interventions that might play a protective role by targeting the underlying causative factors and pathogenetic mechanisms. However, well-designed prospective studies specifically dedicated to NAFLD/NASH patients are still needed to clarify the relationship with HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cernea
- Department M3/Internal Medicine I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureş 540136, Romania
| | - Danusia Onișor
- Department ME2/Internal Medicine VII, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
- Gastroenterology Department, Mureș County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș 540072, Romania
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Seifi N, Bahari H, Soltani S, Nikoumanesh M, Hajipoor M, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. The effects of electronic-based lifestyle interventions on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231187597. [PMID: 37529544 PMCID: PMC10388623 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231187597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Lifestyle interventions are increasingly becoming an integrated part of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management. Electronic lifestyle interventions may be able to expand the access and utility of this approach. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence for the effects of electronic-based lifestyle interventions on weight, anthropometric, and liver enzyme measurements in patients with NAFLD. Methods Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to February 2023. Clinical trials investigating the effects of electronic lifestyle interventions on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and liver enzymes in NAFLD patients were reviewed. After reviewing full-text articles, seven clinical trials were included in the systematic review. Results Two articles included telephone calls, one was based on text messaging, two studies were based on web-based lifestyle modifications, and two used mobile apps. Except for one, all other six studies indicated a significant impact on weight loss. BMI was reported in six of seven studies. Except for one, BMI was significantly reduced in the group receiving e-health. WC was reported in four studies, which indicated a significant reduction in the e-health intervention group. Alanine transaminase (ALT) was reported in all the included studies. Except for two, others demonstrated a significant improvement in ALT in the e-health intervention groups. As reported in four studies, Aspartate transaminase (AST) significantly decreased in the group receiving e-health interventions, except in one study. Conclusions The results support applying electronic lifestyle interventions in NAFLD patients to reduce weight, BMI, WC, AST, and ALT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Seifi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Bahari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sanaz Soltani
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahya Nikoumanesh
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hajipoor
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Therapeutic strategies for liver diseases based on redox control systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Wei Y, Cai J, Mo X, Xu M, Liu Q, Zhang J, Liu S, Lin Y, Huang S, Qin J, Zhang Z. Associations of Dietary and Plasma Copper Levels with Liver Function in a Chinese Population. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3268-3278. [PMID: 36369451 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The potential mechanisms underlying the association between copper (Cu) exposure and impaired liver function are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential associations of dietary Cu intake and plasma Cu levels with liver function biomarkers. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess liver function biomarkers-namely, levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST)-in 2376 subjects in Guangxi, China. Dietary Cu intake was determined from a food frequency questionnaire containing 109 common foods. Plasma Cu concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma‒mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression and multivariate restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to evaluate the correlations of plasma Cu levels and dietary Cu levels with liver function biomarkers. The covariate-adjusted results of the linear regression analysis showed that plasma Cu levels were significantly negatively correlated with serum IBIL (β = - 0.37), DBIL (β = - 0.22), and TBIL levels (β = - 0.32) (all p < 0.05), and dietary Cu was negatively correlated with serum AST levels (β = - 0.12, p < 0.05). The RCS analysis further indicated a negative linear relationship between dietary Cu levels and AST levels. In summary, our results suggested that the plasma Cu level is associated with serum bilirubin levels and that dietary Cu intake is associated with serum AST levels. Further studies are needed to validate these associations and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wei
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yinxia Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shenxiang Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Manoppo JIC, Pateda V, Prayogo C, Langi FLFG, Nurkolis F, Tsopmo A. Relationships of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children: A possible strategy to promote early screening of NAFLD. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025396. [PMID: 36407527 PMCID: PMC9667029 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Irene Christiene Manoppo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Vivekenanda Pateda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Cindy Prayogo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | | | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Ma C, Han L, Zhu Z, Heng Pang C, Pan G. Mineral metabolism and ferroptosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115242. [PMID: 36084708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Minerals including iron, copper, zinc, and selenium, fulfil an essential role in various biochemical processes. Moreover, the identification of ferroptosis and cuproptosis further underscores the importance of intracellular mineral homeostasis. However, perturbation of minerals has been frequently reported in patients with NAFLD and related diseases. Interestingly, studies have attempted to establish an association between mineral disorders and NAFLD pathological features, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response, and fibrogenesis. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of mineral metabolism (i.e., absorption, utilization, and transport) and mineral interactions in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. More importantly, this review highlights potential therapeutic strategies, challenges, future directions for targeting mineral metabolism in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ma
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Han
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheying Zhu
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Guoyu Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Hu W, Gao W, Liu Z, Fang Z, Wang H, Zhao J, Zhang H, Lu W, Chen W. Specific Strains of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Ameliorate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice in Association with Gut Microbiota Regulation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142945. [PMID: 35889903 PMCID: PMC9325077 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence linking Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accumulating; however, the causal relationship remains obscure. In this study, 12 F. prausnitzii strains were orally administered to high fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks to evaluate the protective effects of F. prausnitzii on NAFLD. We found that five F. prausnitzii strains, A2-165, LB8, ZF21, PL45, and LC49, significantly restored serum lipid profiles and ameliorated glucose intolerance, adipose tissue dysfunction, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in a mouse model of NAFLD. Moreover, two strains, LC49 and LB8, significantly enhanced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and modulated the gut microbiota. Based on the combined analysis of linear discriminant analysis effect size and microbial communities, the core microbiome related to NAFLD comprised Odoribacter, Roseburia, Erysipelatoclostridium, Tyzzerella, Faecalibaculum, Blautia, and Acetatifactor, and the last five genera can be reversed by treatment with the LC49 and LB8 strains. Additionally, the LC49 and LB8 strains enriched Lactobacillus, Ileibacterium, Faecalibacterium, Dubosiella, and Bifidobacterium and downregulated pathways involving carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Interestingly, LC49 supplementation also upregulated tryptophan metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, which might be related to NAFLD prevention. Collectively, F. prausnitzii LC49 and LB8 exerted considerable anti-NAFLD and microbiota-regulating effects, indicating their potential as probiotic agents for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhifeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-510-8519-7302
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Ding X, Xu Y, Nie P, Zhong L, Feng L, Guan Q, Song L. Changes in the serum metabolomic profiles of subjects with NAFLD in response to n-3 PUFAs and phytosterol ester: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:5189-5201. [PMID: 35438091 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03921k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease and threatens human health worldwide. As shown in our previous study, co-supplementation with phytosterol ester (PSE) (3.3 g day-1) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (450 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 1500 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day) was more effective at ameliorating hepatic steatosis than treatment with PSE or n-3 PUFAs alone. In the present study, we further investigated the changes in the serum metabolic profiles of subjects with NAFLD in response to n-3 PUFAs and PSE. Thirty-one differentially altered serum metabolites were annotated using the nontargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) analysis technique. Multivariable statistical and clustering analyses showed that co-supplementation of n-3 PUFAs and PSE was more effective at improving metabolic disorders in patients with NAFLD than treatment with n-3 PUFAs or PSE alone. The regulated metabolic pathways included metabolism of retinol, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Overall, the co-supplementation of n-3 PUFAs and PSE significantly increased the serum levels of PUFA-containing phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), perillyl alcohol and retinyl ester in patients with NAFLD after 12 weeks of intervention, and the levels of PC (14:0/20:5, 15:0/20:5), LysoPC (20:5, 22:6) and retinyl ester correlated negatively with the degree of hepatic steatosis. The regulatory effect of co-supplementation of n-3 PUFAs and PSE on metabolomic profiles may explain their potential role in alleviating hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Ding
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yinfei Xu
- The First People's Hospital of Ningyang County, Tai'an City 270018, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Nie
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lingyue Zhong
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lei Feng
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guan
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lihua Song
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Liver Steatosis: A Marker of Metabolic Risk in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094822. [PMID: 35563210 PMCID: PMC9100068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges affecting children of all ages and ethnicities. Almost 19% of children and adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese, with an upward trend in the last decades. These reports imply an increased risk of fat accumulation in hepatic cells leading to a series of histological hepatic damages gathered under the acronym NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease). Due to the complex dynamics underlying this condition, it has been recently renamed as 'Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)', supporting the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis is a key component of the large group of clinical and laboratory abnormalities of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This review aims to share the latest scientific knowledge on MAFLD in children in an attempt to offer novel insights into the complex dynamics underlying this condition, focusing on the novel molecular aspects. Although there is still no treatment with a proven efficacy for this condition, starting from the molecular basis of the disease, MAFLD's therapeutic landscape is rapidly expanding, and different medications seem to act as modifiers of liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Fernández T, Viñuela M, Vidal C, Barrera F. Lifestyle changes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263931. [PMID: 35176096 PMCID: PMC8853532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a liver condition that is increasing worldwide and expected to become the number one cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the next 5 years. Currently there are no successful or approved pharmacological treatments. Weight loss is the first-line therapy as a 7 to 10% reduction improves steatosis, inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, and fibrosis. To achieve this, lifestyle interventions including daily exercise and diet must be encouraged. We aimed to assess the effects of diet, exercise, or a combination of both compared to conventional treatment in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS AND FINDING A literature search was performed in CENTRAL, EMBASE, and PubMed. Randomized controlled trials comparing lifestyle changes with conventional treatment were included, without date restriction. Two authors searched studies according to eligibility criteria, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Subgroup analysis was made by type of intervention, duration of intervention and supervision. We calculated mean differences between the intervention and the control group with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of bias tool. This study is registered in PROSPERO, number CRD42020184241, and checked with the PRISMA checklist. 30 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Compared to conventional treatment, combined exercise with diet seems to elicit greater reductions in ALT (MD: -13.27 CI 95% -21.39, -5.16), AST (MD: -7.02 CI 95% -11.26, -2.78) and HOMA-IR (MD: -2.07 CI 95% -2.61, -1.46) than diet (ALT MD: -4.48 CI 95% -1.01, -0.21; HOMA-IR MD: -0.61 CI 95% -1.01, -0.21) and exercise (ALT and AST non-significant; HOMA-IR MD = -0.46 CI 95% -0.8, -0.12) alone. Additionally, exercise improved quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, and weight (MD: -2.64 CI 95% -5.18, -0.09). CONCLUSION Lifestyle changes are effective in the treatment of NAFLD. Diet and exercise combined are superior to these interventions alone in improving liver enzymes and HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Fernández
- Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Macarena Viñuela
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Vidal
- Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Barrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Réggami Y, Benkhaled A, Boudjelal A, Berredjem H, Amamra A, Benyettou H, Larabi N, Senator A, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Artemisia herba-alba aqueous extract improves insulin sensitivity and hepatic steatosis in rodent model of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:541-550. [PMID: 31464524 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1659825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fructose consumption is associated with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in human and animal models. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the ability of an aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba Asso (AH) to ameliorate fructose-induced MetS in Male Wistar rats. METHODS AH extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w./day was administered for six weeks to MetS animals. RESULTS Liquid fructose (10% w/v) intake did not vary total animal body weight, whereas, it produced moderate hyperglycemia associated with metabolic and histological alterations. Treating MetS rats with AH extract improved insulin sensitivity, alleviated atherogenic dyslipidaemia and decreased lipid deposition in their hepatic tissues. Additionally, AH extract was found to raise GSH level and antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GST and CAT) activities in rat livers homogenates. CONCLUSION The results here reported demonstrated, for the first time, that A. herba-alba have therapeutic proprieties against fructose-induced MetS in rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Réggami
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abderrahim Benkhaled
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Amel Boudjelal
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Hajira Berredjem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amani Amamra
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Halima Benyettou
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Nadia Larabi
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Abderrahmane Senator
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ferhat Abbas-Setif University, Setif, Algeria
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
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Sotiropoulou M, Katsaros I, Vailas M, Lidoriki I, Papatheodoridis GV, Kostomitsopoulos NG, Valsami G, Tsaroucha A, Schizas D. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The role of quercetin and its therapeutic implications. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:319-330. [PMID: 34810376 PMCID: PMC8656328 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_249_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease, affecting almost one-third of the general population and 75% of obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence concerning the role of quercetin, a natural compound and flavonoid, and its possible therapeutic effects on this modern-day disease. Despite the fact that the exact pathophysiological mechanisms through which quercetin has a hepatoprotective effect on NAFLD are still not fully elucidated, this review clearly demonstrates that this flavonoid has potent antioxidative stress action and inhibitory effects on hepatocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and generation of reactive oxygen species, factors which are linked to the development of the disease. NAFLD is closely associated with increased dietary fat consumption, especially in Western countries. The hepatoprotective effect of quercetin against NAFLD merits serious consideration and further validation by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sotiropoulou
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Katsaros
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Vailas
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Lidoriki
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George V Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Kostomitsopoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Tsaroucha
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Albracht-Schulte K, Wilson S, Johnson P, Pahlavani M, Ramalingam L, Goonapienuwala B, Kalupahana NS, Festuccia WT, Scoggin S, Kahathuduwa CN, Moustaid-Moussa N. Sex-Dependent Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Hepatic Steatosis in UCP1 Knockout Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1549. [PMID: 34829779 PMCID: PMC8615653 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral obesity may be a driving factor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Previous studies have shown that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), ameliorates obesity in high-fat (HF) fed male, C57Bl/6 mice at thermoneutral conditions, independent of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Our goals herein were to investigate sex-dependent mechanisms of EPA in the livers of wild type (WT) and UCP1 knockout (KO) male and female mice fed a HF diet (45% kcal fat; WT-HF, KO-HF) with or without supplementation of 36 g/kg EPA (WT-EPA, KO-EPA). KO significantly increased body weight in males, with no significant reductions with EPA in the WT or KO groups. In females, there were no significant differences in body weight among KO groups and no effects of EPA. In males, liver TGs were significantly higher in the KO-HF group and reduced with EPA, which was not observed in females. Accordingly, gene and protein markers of mitochondrial oxidation, peroxisomal biogenesis and oxidation, as well as metabolic futile cycles were sex-dependently impacted by KO and EPA supplementation. These findings suggest a genotypic difference in response to dietary EPA supplementation on the livers of male and female mice with diet-induced obesity and housed at thermoneutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kembra Albracht-Schulte
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Savanna Wilson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Paige Johnson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Mandana Pahlavani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Latha Ramalingam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Bimba Goonapienuwala
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Nishan S. Kalupahana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - William T. Festuccia
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Shane Scoggin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Chanaka N. Kahathuduwa
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Department of Laboratory Sciences and Primary Care, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (K.A.-S.); (S.W.); (P.J.); (M.P.); (L.R.); (B.G.); (N.S.K.); (S.S.)
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Valizadeh M, Aghasizadeh M, Saberi-Karimian M, Safari M, Rohban M, Bana HS, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Tavakkol Afshari HS, Moradi A, Ahangari N, Hashemi M, Nematy M, Bahre EA, Aghaei-Bakhtiari SH, Ghazizadeh H, Esmaily H, Ferns GA, Pasdar A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association of macro-and micro-nutrients dietary intakes with rs2241883 genetic variants of FABP 1 gene in MASHAD study population. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 45:262-266. [PMID: 34620327 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a relationship between macro-nutrient-intakes and the genes implicated in lipid metabolism. In this study, we assessed the association between macro-and micro-nutrients dietary intakes with rs2241883 genetic variants of the FABP1 gene. METHODS For this cross-sectional study 2737 subjects (including 2203 subjects with dyslipidemia and 534 healthy volunteers) were enrolled as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study cohort. Dyslipidemia was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). A NanoDrop®-1000 instrument was used to do the quantitation of DNA. The rs2241883 polymorphisms were genotyped using double ARMs PCR reactions. Genotyping reagents were obtained from Applied Biosystems. Dietary intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and validated by 2 consecutive 24-h food recalls. RESULTS The results showed no significant association between subjects with and without dyslipidemia (P > 0.05), except for the zinc to copper ratio, the value for which was higher in the subjects with dyslipidemia (4.78 (1.62)) when compared to subjects without dyslipidemia (4.68 (1.82)) (p = 0.05). Using different genetic models we found that zinc and copper were significantly different in the additive (p = 0.01) and dominant (p = 0.01) genetic models. Although, this association was no longer significant after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS There were no associations between macro-and micro-nutrient dietary intakes with rs2241883 genetic variants after adjusting for confounding factors in the MASHAD study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Valizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Aghasizadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Safari
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohadese Rohban
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Safarian Bana
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare-Feyzabadi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Moradi
- Department of Biology, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Najmeh Ahangari
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ensieh Akbarpour Bahre
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaei-Bakhtiari
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Al-Awadi A, Grove J, Taylor M, Valdes A, Vijay A, Bawden S, Gowland P, Aithal G. Effects of an isoenergetic low Glycaemic Index (GI) diet on liver fat accumulation and gut microbiota composition in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a study protocol of an efficacy mechanism evaluation. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045802. [PMID: 34620653 PMCID: PMC8499287 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A Low Glycaemic Index (LGI) diet is a proposed lifestyle intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) which is designed to reduce circulating blood glucose levels, hepatic glucose influx, insulin resistance and de novo lipogenesis. A significant reduction in liver fat content through following a 1-week LGI diet has been reported in healthy volunteers. Changes in dietary fat and carbohydrates have also been shown to alter gut microbiota composition and lead to hepatic steatosis through the gut-liver axis. There are no available trials examining the effects of an LGI diet on liver fat accumulation in patients with NAFLD; nor has the impact of consuming an LGI diet on gut microbiota composition been studied in this population. The aim of this trial is to investigate the effects of LGI diet consumption on liver fat content and its effects on gut microbiota composition in participants with NAFLD compared with a High Glycaemic Index (HGI) control diet. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A 2×2 cross-over randomised mechanistic dietary trial will allocate 16 participants with NAFLD to a 2-week either HGI or LGI diet followed by a 4-week wash-out period and then the LGI or HGI diet, alternative to that followed in the first 2 weeks. Baseline and postintervention (four visits) outcome measures will be collected to assess liver fat content (using MRI/S and controlled attenuation parameter-FibroScan), gut microbiota composition (using 16S RNA analysis) and blood biomarkers including glycaemic, insulinaemic, liver, lipid and haematological profiles, gut hormones levels and short-chain fatty acids. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Study protocol has been approved by the ethics committees of The University of Nottingham and East Midlands Nottingham-2 Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 19/EM/0291). Data from this trial will be used as part of a Philosophy Doctorate thesis. Publications will be in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04415632.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Al-Awadi
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Al-Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Civil Service Commission, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jane Grove
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Moira Taylor
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ana Valdes
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amrita Vijay
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen Bawden
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Penny Gowland
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Guruprasad Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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White Button Mushroom Extracts Modulate Hepatic Fibrosis Progression, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress In Vitro and in LDLR-/- Mice. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081788. [PMID: 34441565 PMCID: PMC8392037 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis can be caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), among other conditions. We performed a study to analyze the effects of a nontoxic, water-soluble extract of the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus (AB) as a potential inhibitor of fibrosis progression in vitro using human hepatic stellate cell (LX2) cultures and in vivo in LDLR-/- mice. Treatment of LX2 cells with the AB extract reduced the levels of fibrotic and oxidative-related markers and increased the levels of GATA4 expression. In LDLR-/- mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver fibrosis and inflammation, the progression of fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were prevented by AB extract treatment. Moreover, in the mouse model, AB extract could exert an antiatherogenic effect. These data suggest that AB mushroom extract seems to exert protective effects by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress during the progression of liver fibrosis, possibly due to a decrease in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and a reduction in Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. In addition, we observed a potential atheroprotective effect in our mouse model.
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Impact of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Weaned Female Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061829. [PMID: 34207398 PMCID: PMC8235084 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It has been reported that a high crude protein diet could reverse the diet-induced lipid accumulation in the liver of mice and rodents. However, in vivo data supporting a functional role of a high crude protein diet on hepatic lipid metabolism-associated genes and proteins in weaned piglets is not available. In the present study, we aimed to provide a mechanistic insight into alterations in the hepatic lipid lipogenesis, lipolysis, oxidation, and gluconeogenesis in response to different dietary crude protein levels. Our results demonstrated that dietary crude protein could regulate hepatic lipid metabolism through regulating hepatic lipid lipogenesis, lipolysis, oxidation, and gluconeogenesis. The result indicated an important role of dietary crude protein in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism in weaned piglets. Abstract Amino acids serve not only as building blocks for proteins, but also as substrates for the synthesis of low-molecular-weight substances involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. In the present study, eighteen weaned female piglets at 35 days of age were fed a corn- and soybean meal-based diet containing 20%, 17%, or 14% crude protein (CP), respectively. We found that 17% or 20% CP administration reduced the triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations, while enhanced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration in serum. Western blot analysis showed that piglets in the 20% CP group had higher protein abundance of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), as compared with other groups. Moreover, the mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBPF1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) were lower in the 17% or 20% CP group, compared with those of the piglets administered with 14% CP. Of note, the mRNA level of acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACα) was lower in the 17% CP group, compared with other groups. Additionally, the mRNA level of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha α (PPARα), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PKC1) in the liver of piglets in the 20% CP group were higher than those of the 14% CP group. Collectively, our results demonstrated that dietary CP could regulate hepatic lipid metabolism through altering hepatic lipid lipogenesis, lipolysis, oxidation, and gluconeogenesis.
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Jiang G, Ramachandraiah K, Murtaza MA, Wang L, Li S, Ameer K. Synergistic effects of black ginseng and aged garlic extracts for the amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3091-3099. [PMID: 34136174 PMCID: PMC8194913 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease that can lead to carcinoma, cirrhosis, and death. Since no approved medications are available, dietary interventions that include bioactive compounds have been recommended. This study investigated the effects of black ginseng extracts (BGE) and aged black garlic extracts (AGE) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Micrograph of liver tissues of mice fed with BGE and AGE showed less lipid droplets. The BGE and AGE supplements individually and in combination lowered the marker enzymes, aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels indicating their hepatoprotective effects. Compared to the plants extracts alone, the combination of the extracts resulted in lower total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), which are risk markers for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Diets with the combination of BGE and AGE supplements had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and lower malondialdehyde indicating the synergistic effects of the extracts. Irrespective of the diet type, all treated groups showed lower tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) values as compared to HFD, which indicated overall immunomodulatory effect of both extracts. Therefore, the innovative formulation formed by the combination of BGE and AGE can provide hepatoprotective effects via modulating glycometabolism, lipometabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihun Jiang
- School of Public HealthJilin Medical UniversityJilinChina
| | - Karna Ramachandraiah
- School of Life SciencesDepartment of Food Science and BiotechnologySejong UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Mian Anjum Murtaza
- Institute of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of SargodhaSargodhaPakistan
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Public HealthJilin Medical UniversityJilinChina
| | - Shanji Li
- School of Public HealthJilin Medical UniversityJilinChina
| | - Kashif Ameer
- Institute of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of SargodhaSargodhaPakistan
- Department of Food Science and Technology and BK 21 Plus ProgramGraduate School of Chonnam National UniversityGwangjuSouth Korea
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30
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Lage NN, Carvalho MMDF, Guerra JFC, Lopes JMM, Pereira RR, Rabelo ACS, Arruda VM, Pereira MDFA, Layosa MA, Noratto GD, Lima WGD, Silva ME, Pedrosa ML. Jaboticaba ( Myrciaria cauliflora) Peel Supplementation Prevents Hepatic Steatosis Through Hypolipidemic Effects and Cholesterol Metabolism Modulation in Diet-Induced NAFLD Rat Model. J Med Food 2021; 24:968-977. [PMID: 33523759 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora), a Brazilian fruit, is a good source of dietary fiber and phenolic compounds, which are concentrated mainly in the peel. These compounds have been considered promising in prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hepatic steatosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4% jaboticaba peel powder (JPP) supplementation on cholesterol metabolism and hepatic steatosis in livers of rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The rats were fed a standard AIN-93M (control) diet or an HF diet containing 32% lard and 1% cholesterol, both with and without 4% JPP. The M. cauliflora peel composition revealed a low-lipid high-fiber content and phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds in JPP, tentatively identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis, were confirmed to contain phenolic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Moreover, JPP presented significant antioxidant activity in vitro and was not cytotoxic to HepG2 cells, as determined by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. After 6 weeks of treatment, our results showed that JPP supplementation increased lipid excretion in feces, reduced serum levels of total cholesterol and nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol, decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and attenuated hepatic steatosis severity in rats fed the HF diet. Furthermore, JPP treatment downregulated expression of ACAT-1, LXR-α, CYP7A1, and ABCG5 genes. Therefore, jaboticaba peel may represent a viable dietary strategy to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as the JPP treatment alleviated hepatic steatosis through improvement of serum lipid profiles and modulation of mRNA expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Nunes Lage
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Renata Rebeca Pereira
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Marques Arruda
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Brazil
| | | | - Marjorie Anne Layosa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Giuliana D Noratto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Eustáquio Silva
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Department of Foods, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Pedrosa
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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Ota T. Prevention of NAFLD/NASH by Astaxanthin and β-Cryptoxanthin. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1261:231-238. [PMID: 33783746 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7360-6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders, such as lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH. Both innate and recruited immune cells mediate the development of insulin resistance and NASH. Oxidative stress is also pivotal for the progression of NASH. Astaxanthin is a natural carotenoid mainly derived from microorganisms and marine organisms. Due to its special chemical structure, astaxanthin has strong antioxidant activity. β-Cryptoxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid specifically found in the Satsuma mandarin. β-Cryptoxanthin is readily absorbed and relatively abundant in human plasma, together with α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Considering the unique chemical properties of astaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin and the complex pathogenic mechanism of NASH, astaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin are regarded as a considerable compound for the prevention and treatment of NASH. This chapter comprehensively describes the mechanism of the application for astaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin on the prevention and treatment of NASH from the aspects, including antioxidative stress, inhibition of inflammation and promotion of M2 macrophage polarization, improvement of mitochondrial oxidative respiration, amelioration of insulin resistance, and suppression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuguhito Ota
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
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32
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Crudele A, Panera N, Braghini MR, Balsano C, Alisi A. The pharmacological treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:1219-1227. [PMID: 32981386 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1829468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in childhood/adolescence. It comprises a broad spectrum of liver disease severity ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. To date lifestyle modifications, diet and physical activity represent the main option for the management of pediatric NAFLD, but numerous treatments classified depending on the mechanism of action, have been introduced. In keeping with, bariatric surgery, insulin sensitizers, antioxidants, probiotic and dietary supplementations have been evaluated in pediatric clinical trials. AREAS COVERED This review describes, after a search in PubMed/MEDLINE database, the current pediatric NAFLD non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments and their effects on biochemical and histological features. We report not only the efficacy of the diet coupled with regular exercise but also advantages of the pharmacological treatments used in combination with lifestyle interventions in pediatric NAFLD. EXPERT OPINION Since pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have demonstrated variable effects in pediatric NAFLD, it is clear that safe and specific and efficient therapeutic strategies have not yet been identified. Therefore, large and long-term clinical trials in children are needed to find a way to reverse the liver tissue damage and the NAFLD-related long-term morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Crudele
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS , Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Panera
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS , Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Braghini
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS , Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Balsano
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Life, Health & Environmental Sciences-MESVA, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Alisi
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS , Rome, Italy
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Aktary ML, Eller LK, Nicolucci AC, Reimer RA. Cross-sectional analysis of the health profile and dietary intake of a sample of Canadian adults diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4548. [PMID: 33061886 PMCID: PMC7534951 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary intake is an important factor in the development and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, optimal dietary composition remains unclear. Moreover, there is minimal evidence on the relationship between dietary intake and markers of liver health in Canadian adults diagnosed with NAFLD. Objective The aim of this study is to characterize the dietary intake of a sample of Canadian adults diagnosed with NAFLD and examine the correlations with markers of liver health. Design Forty-two adults recruited from the community and hepatology clinics in Calgary, Canada from 2016 to 2019 completed a 3-day food record. Anthropometrics, blood biomarkers, liver stiffness (FibroScan), and liver fat (magnetic resonance imaging) were measured. Nutrient intake was compared with the data from the 2004 and 2015 Canadian Community Health Surveys. Relationships were assessed using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. Results Relative to Canadian dietary recommendations, participants consumed lower magnesium, fiber, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin E, and higher cholesterol, saturated fat, total fat, fructose, iron, vitamin B12, selenium, phosphorus, and sodium. Compared with the national average, participants consumed more energy, fiber, sodium, total fat, and saturated fat. Systolic blood pressure (P = 0.012), serum α-2 macroglobulin (P = 0.008), carbohydrate (P = 0.022), total fat (P = 0.029), and saturated fat intakes (P = 0.029) were associated with FibroScan scores. Liver fat was correlated with serum triglycerides (P < 0.001), trunk fat (P = 0.029), added sugar (P = 0.042), phosphorus (P = 0.017), and magnesium intake (P = 0.013). In females, selenium intake was associated with liver fat (P = 0.015) and FibroScan score (P = 0.05), while in males, liver fat was associated with trunk fat (P = 0.004), body weight (P = 0.004), high-density lipoprotein (P < 0.001), and fructose intake (P = 0.037). Regression analysis showed that increasing magnesium intake corresponds to a decrease in liver fat. Conclusion Despite the higher energy intake of participants, overall nutrient intake is low, suggesting lower diet quality. Associations between select micronutrients and liver health markers warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsay K Eller
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Zhang Y, Chang Y, Yang T, Wen M, Zhang Z, Liu G, Zhao H, Chen X, Tian G, Cai J, Wu B, Jia G. The Hepatoprotective Effects of Zinc Glycine on Liver Injury in Meat Duck Through Alleviating Hepatic Lipid Deposition and Inflammation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:569-578. [PMID: 31432444 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary zinc status was recently approved to exert a powerful influence on liver health, and zinc deficiency results in hepatic injury caused by fat deposition, inflammation, and oxidant stress, but the effect of zinc on hepatic lipid metabolism and liver injury in meat duck has not been well defined. To determine the hepatoprotective effects of graded zinc glycine in meat ducks. A total of 384 1-day-old male meat ducks were subjected to 5 weeks feeding program with three experimental diets: (1) low-zinc diet, (2) adequate-zinc diet, and (3) high-zinc diet. Blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical analysis, gene expression analysis, and histopathological study. Diet with low zinc increased hepatic lipid content and triglyceride concentration. Meat ducks fed low-zinc diet exhibited considerably increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity than birds fed other diets among all groups (P < 0.05). Low zinc administration also notably induced hepatocyte apoptosis and stimulated hepatic inflammatory gene expression. Adequate or high zinc supplementation increased hepatic zinc level, reduced hepatic lipid deposition and hepatosomatic indices through suppressing the expression of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expression of both fatty acid secretion and β-oxidation, including carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α, and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (P < 0.05). Dietary zinc addition also declined hepatic mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, diets with adequate or high zinc significantly decreased serum ALT activity and hepatocyte apoptosis. These data revealed that supplementing adequate- or high-zinc glycine efficiently protects liver injury by attenuating lipid deposition and hepatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqi Chang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Wen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Chelota Group, Guanghan, 618300, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huiming Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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MORALES-ÁVILA ÚM, BECERRA-VERDÍN EM, SÁYAGO-AYERDI SGUADALUPE, TOLMAN JP, MONTALVO-GONZÁLEZ E. Anti-obesity and hepatoprotective effects in obese rats fed diets supplemented with fruit purees. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.31618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Monda V, Sessa F, Ruberto M, Carotenuto M, Marsala G, Monda M, Cambria MT, Astuto M, Distefano A, Messina G. Aerobic Exercise and Metabolic Syndrome: The Role of Sympathetic Activity and the Redox System. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2433-2442. [PMID: 32753926 PMCID: PMC7354914 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s257687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise can greatly assist in reducing collateral effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Moreover, aerobic exercise is associated with sympathetic activation and adaptive responses to sustain muscle engagement, changes in the release of Orexin A, a pleiotropic neuropeptide. AIM The aim of this study was to analyze the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise without dietary changes, in a cohort of MetS subjects, focusing on the role of sympathetic and orexinergic activity. Several blood parameters linked to MetS ROS production, heart rate, galvanic skin response, d-ROM test, and Orexin A serum levels were evaluated in ten males with MetS (BMI 30-34.9) before and after a period of 6 months of aerobic exercise compared to ten healthy subjects. METHODS Ten male subjects (aged 54 ± 4.16) with MetS (MetS group) and ten healthy males (aged 49.7 ± 2.79, Healthy group) were told about the study protocol and possible risks, signed the informed consent, and voluntarily participated in the study. Several blood parameters were evaluated in the two tested groups and were re-evaluated in the MetS group after 6 months of training (MetS6M group). The training protocol consisted of more than 30 min/day of walking (average speed of 4.5 km/h) and 3 days/week of aerobic activities (jogging under heart rate control - 120-140 bpm for 45 min). RESULTS The results showed that exercise induced a significant increase in GSR and plasma Orexin A but no significant increase in d-ROM values. Significant decreases in the serum ALT enzyme, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were found, while the HDL levels were significantly higher. Finally, a significant reduction of BMI and resting HR were reported. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirm that physical activity is associated with sympathetic activation, having a pivotal role against adverse effects linked to MetS. Moreover, this study demonstrates that, in patients with MetS, Orexin A is involved in hormonal adaptations to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta81100, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia71121, Italy
- Correspondence: Francesco Sessa Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,University of Foggia, Foggia71122, ItalyTel +39 0881 736926 Email
| | | | - Marco Carotenuto
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta81100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marsala
- Struttura Complessa di Farmacia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia, Foggia71121, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta81100, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cambria
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania95123, Italy
| | - Marinella Astuto
- Azienda Ospedaliera “Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele”, U.O. di Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva, Catania95123, Italy
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania95123, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia71121, Italy
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Yahaghi L, Ebrahim‐Habibi A, Hayati‐Roodbari N, Irani S, Yaghmaei P. A simple method for inducing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis. Animal Model Exp Med 2019; 2:282-290. [PMID: 31942560 PMCID: PMC6930990 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly occurring in sedentary people, and may progress to NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is essential to design affordable animal models for the study of various diseases, including fatty liver, which was the aim of the study. In this study, a high-fat diet was devised that triggers NASH's animal model quickly and easily. High-fat diet (HFD) was used both with intra-mouth oral gavage and in combination with animal pellets. METHODS Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into HFD and ND groups, which received a high-fat diet and a normal diet, respectively. At the end of the experiment (fourth week of treatment), body and liver weights, biochemical parameters, PPAR-α gene expression and histopathologic characteristics of the liver were evaluated. RESULTS During 4 weeks, body weight of mice did not show a significant increase in the HFD group compared to the ND group, while weight gain of the liver was significant. Histological assessment of the HFD group's liver confirmed NASH symptoms. In the HFD group, HDL-c, SOD, catalase, FRAP, adiponectin, and PPAR-α decreased significantly, and lipid profiles, hepatic enzymes, MDA, leptin, and TNF-α showed a significant increase compared to the ND group. CONCLUSION Our high-fat diet has successfully induced all aspects of NASH with fibrosis in 4 weeks, and with low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Yahaghi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahim‐Habibi
- Biosensor Research CenterEndocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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38
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Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Mustafa MR, Ibrahim M, Othman R. Lifestyle interventions for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1519-1524. [PMID: 31762620 PMCID: PMC6864195 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multi-factorial disease and the most common of chronic liver diseases worldwide. The four clinical-pathological entities which are usually followed by NAFLD course include non-alcoholic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The cornerstones of NAFLD management and treatment, however, are healthy lifestyles such as dietary modifications, regular physical activity, and gradual weight loss. At present, no drugs or pharmacological agents have been approved for long-term treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, lifestyle modification is considered the main clinical recommendation and an initial step for the management of NAFLD.
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Key Words
- AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
- ALA, alpha-linolenic acid
- DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- Diet
- EASD, European Association for the Study of Diabetes
- EASL, European Association for the Study of the Liver
- EASO, European Association for the Study of Obesity
- EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid
- Exercise
- Lifestyle
- Liver disease
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- Weight loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Adewale Ahmed
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Abimbola Mikail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Rais Mustafa
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Malaysia
| | - Rozana Othman
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Draz RS, Serry ZMH, Rahmy AF, El Bardesi MS, Taha MM. Electroacupuncture Versus Aerobic Interval Training on Liver Functions in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 26:51-57. [PMID: 31657614 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2019.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered one of the most common and most important conditions affecting the liver, because of its increasing prevalence all over the world. It is usually associated with elevated liver enzymes and ranges from simple steatosis to liver cirrhosis. This study was conducted to compare the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) versus aerobic interval training (AIT) exercise and how they affect liver functions in people suffering from nonalcoholic fatty liver. Methods: This study was carried out on 50 female patients suffering from NAFLD with age ranging from 30 to 55 years; they were randomly divided into two equal groups: group A received (EA) stimulation at points of liver 3 (LR3), liver 14 (LR14), gall bladder 34 (GB34), and stomach 36 (ST36), whereas group B received AIT exercise. All patients in both groups A and B received 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks (receiving noninterrupted 18 sessions) in addition to their standard medications. Evaluation of all patients in both groups A and B was carried out before and after the treatment program by measuring the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides (TGs), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: There is a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of ALT, AST, TGs, and CRP within each group, A and B, after 6 weeks of treatment sessions. A significant difference post-treatment was found between both groups in ALT, AST, and TGs (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in CRP (p > 0.05) between both groups post-treatment. Conclusions: It can be concluded that both EA and AIT exercise are potent modalities that improve liver functions in people with NAFLD with better effect toward EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Salama Draz
- Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zahra M H Serry
- Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Awny Fouad Rahmy
- Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mona Mohamed Taha
- Department of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Kandeil MA, Hashem RM, Mahmoud MO, Hetta MH, Tohamy MA. Zingiber officinale extract and omega-3 fatty acids ameliorate endoplasmic reticulum stress in a nonalcoholic fatty liver rat model. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13076. [PMID: 31608477 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was reported to play a major role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induction and progression. Here, we study the effect of Zingiber officinale and omega-3 fatty acids on ER stress for treating NAFLD. Male Wistar rats were fed on a normal diet (control group) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. The HFD rats were later treated with vehicle, omega-3 or with Z. officinale extract. HFD group demonstrated significantly more body weight gain and higher plasma lipid profile, glucose, and hepatic enzymes. The expressions of lipogenic ChREBP and ER stress genes CHOP, XBP1, and GRP78 were increased. This was accompanied by intrahepatic fat accumulation visualized by hepatic morphology and H&E-stained sections. Treatment with Z. officinale and omega-3 fatty acids reverted these changes into a normal healthy state. From these results, we prove that both therapeutic approaches can be potential drugs for treating NAFLD besides other ER stress-associated diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The effect of Zingiber officinale extract and omega-3 fatty acid on ER stress associated with NAFLD was investigated. The results revealed that Z. officinale extract and omega-3 fatty acids significantly inhibited ER stress and intrahepatic fat accumulation with the upper hand for Z. officinale extract. Both can be used as future promising therapies for the treatment of NAFLD patients and also treating different diseases that involve ER stress as a pathological modulator like diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Kandeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hashem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mona H Hetta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tohamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
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Nikkhah-Bodaghi M, Ghanavati M, Hekmatdoost A. Polyphenol intakes and risk of impaired lipid profile, elevated hepatic enzymes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/nfs-12-2018-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposePolyphenols are plant-derived bioactive compounds with some known hepato-protective effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between polyphenol consumption and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its related conditions such as impaired lipid profile and elevated hepatic enzymes.Design/methodology/approachA total of 196 NAFLD patients and 803 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements as well as polyphenol consumption during the previous year were assessed.FindingsIn unadjusted model, participants who consumed the third and fourth quartiles of polyphenols intake were less likely to have NAFLD in comparison to those who consumed the first quartile [odds ratio, OR: 0.48; 95 per cent confidence interval, CI: (0.30-0.77) and OR: 0.62; 95 per cent CI: (0.40-0.96), respectively]. In separate analysis of genders, this effect was seen only in male participants [OR: 0.29; 95 per cent CI: (0.14-0.58) and OR: 0.21; 95 per cent CI (0.10-0.42), respectively], and the association remained significant after adjustment for energy, body mass index, age and smoking.Originality/valueHigher total polyphenol intake is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Ding Y, Zhang Z, Yue Z, Ding L, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Huang H. Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in L02 Cells Through MAPK and Nrf2 Pathways. Rejuvenation Res 2019; 22:289-298. [PMID: 30379115 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cells are easily damaged by oxidative stress during progression both in liver development and throughout adult life, resulting in tissue pathology that ranges from simple hepatitis to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study, we determined the attenuation of oxidative stress in liver cells with pretreatment of rosmarinic acid (RA), which is an antioxidant agent from Rosmarinus officinalis. The human liver cell line L02 was damaged by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the RA treatment group, the viability of L02 cells increased and the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels decreased compared with the H2O2-induced damage group. Analysis of flow cytometry revealed that the percentage of G2/M cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis decreased in the RA treatment group. This alteration was associated with activation of a G2/M DNA damage and oxidative stress apoptotic signal. Furthermore, we determined the redox-sensitive protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the expression of both MAPKs and Nrf2 was activated in the RA group. Results showed that the relevant protein expression of MAPKs and Nrf2 was activated in the RA group. Thus, RA protected L02 cells from oxidative damage through suppressing cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis with the activation of MAPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Ding
- 1School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- 2School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- 1School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- 2School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongbao Yue
- 3Research and Development Centre, Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Liugang Ding
- 3Research and Development Centre, Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- 3Research and Development Centre, Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zebo Huang
- 1School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- 4School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Huang
- 1School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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The Level of Vitamin D in Children and Adolescents with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7643542. [PMID: 31380438 PMCID: PMC6662475 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7643542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between vitamin D level and NAFLD has not been investigated in children and adolescents. We performed a meta-analysis of published observational studies to assess this association between vitamin D levels (measured as serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D]) and NAFLD in this age group. Methods Relevant studies conducted before May 20, 2018, were identified from the following electronic databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Chinese CNKI databases. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, and associations between vitamin D levels and NAFLD were estimated using standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were used to identify sources of heterogeneity, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots. Results Eight articles were included in this meta-analysis. A significant difference was observed between low 25(OH)D levels and NAFLD in children and adolescents (SMD = -0.59, 95%CI = -0.98, -0.20, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed no differences in the study type, geographic location, BMI, and age subgroups. Conclusions Low vitamin D levels were associated with NAFLD in children and adolescents.
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Liu Y, Zhang D, Liu GM, Chen Q, Lu Z. Ameliorative effect of dieckol-enriched extraction from Laminaria japonica on hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet via β-oxidation pathway in ICR mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Aguirre L, Palacios-Ortega S, Fernández-Quintela A, Hijona E, Bujanda L, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene Reduces Liver Steatosis and Modifies Hepatic Fatty Acid Profile in Obese Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050961. [PMID: 31035507 PMCID: PMC6566509 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fat accumulation within the liver is known as “simple hepatic steatosis”, which is the most benign form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present study was to determine whether pterostilbene improves this hepatic alteration in Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Animals were distributed in two experimental groups (n = 10) and fed a standard laboratory diet. Rats in the pterostilbene group were given a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight/d for six weeks. After sacrifice, serum glucose, transaminase, and insulin concentrations were quantified and the liver triacylglycerol content and fatty acid profile was analyzed. Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied, including fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, triglyceride assembly, fatty acid uptake, and glucose uptake. With pterostilbene administration, a reduction in insulin concentrations (consequently in the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) and hepatic triacylglycerol content were observed. No effects were observed in pterostilbene-treated rats in the activity of de novo lipogenesis enzymes. An improvement in the fatty acid profile was observed in pterostilbene-treated rats. In conclusion, pterostilbene is a useful molecule to reduce liver steatosis. Its delipidating effect is due, at least in part, to reduced fatty acid availability and triacylglycerol synthesis, as well as to an increased very low-density lipoprotein assembly and fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Sara Palacios-Ortega
- Doisy Research Center, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- Biodonostia Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- Biodonostia Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
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Jahn D, Dorbath D, Schilling AK, Gildein L, Meier C, Vuille-Dit-Bille RN, Schmitt J, Kraus D, Fleet JC, Hermanns HM, Geier A. Intestinal vitamin D receptor modulates lipid metabolism, adipose tissue inflammation and liver steatosis in obese mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1567-1578. [PMID: 30905785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypovitaminosis D is common in the obese population and patients suffering from obesity-associated disorders such as type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, resulting in suggestions for vitamin D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option. However, the pathomechanistic contribution of the vitamin D-vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis to metabolic disorders is largely unknown. METHODS We analyzed the pathophysiological role of global and intestinal VDR signaling in diet-induced obesity (DIO) using global Vdr-/- mice and mice re-expressing an intestine-specific human VDR transgene in the Vdr deficient background (Vdr-/- hTg). RESULTS Vdr-/- mice were protected from DIO, hepatosteatosis and metabolic inflammation in adipose tissue and liver. Furthermore, Vdr-/- mice displayed a decreased adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and a reduced capacity to harvest triglycerides from the circulation. Intriguingly, all these phenotypes were partially reversed in Vdr-/- hTg animals. This clearly suggested an intestine-based VDR activity on systemic lipid homeostasis. Scrutinizing this hypothesis, we identified the potent LPL inhibitor angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) as a novel transcriptional target of VDR. CONCLUSION Our study suggests a VDR-mediated metabolic cross-talk between gut and adipose tissue, which significantly contributes to systemic lipid homeostasis. These results have important implications for use of the intestinal VDR as a therapeutic target for obesity and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jahn
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Donata Dorbath
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Gildein
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chantal Meier
- University of Zürich, Institute of Physiology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Johannes Schmitt
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kraus
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Nephrology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - James C Fleet
- Purdue University, Department of Nutrition Science, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Geier
- University Hospital Würzburg, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany; University Hospital Zürich, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Vahid F, Shivappa N, Hekmatdoost A, R Hebert J, Poustchi H, Shamsipour A, Eslamparast T, Meibodi M, Rahmani D. Association of Pro-inflammatory Dietary Intake and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Findings from Iranian case-control study. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:144-150. [PMID: 30887902 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is considered as a major health problem in the world. There is much evidence that diet and dietary factors play an important role in inflammation, and consequently pathogenesis of NAFLD. To investigate the role of diet in the development of inflammation, we can use the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which has been shown to be predictive of levels of inflammatory markers. Methods: 295 incident cases were selected using the convenience-sampling procedure, and 704 controls randomly were selected from the same clinic and among the patients who had no hepatic steatosis and were frequency-matched on age (±5 years) and sex. The DII was computed based on dietary intake from 168-item FFQ. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable ORs. Results: Subjects in tertile 3 had 1.57 (95% CI: 1.13-2.20), 1.78 (95% CI: 1.19-2.67), and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.32-3.09) times higher odds of developing NAFLD, compared to subjects in tertile 1 in models 1 (adjusted for age), 2 (model 1 + BMI, education, smoking, alcohol, diabetes, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides) and 3 (model 2 + aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase), respectively. When used as a continuous variable, one unit increase in DII was associated with 1.16 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.29), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.107, 1.37) and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.43) increase in odds of NAFLD in models one, 2 and 3 respectively. Conclusion: Subjects who consumed a more pro-inflammatory diet were at increased odds of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- 2 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,4 Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - James R Hebert
- 2 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,4 Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- 6 Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Group, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsipour
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Eslamparast
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Meibodi
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diyako Rahmani
- 7 Department of communication, journalism and marketing, Massey University, New Zealand
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Sarr O, Mathers KE, Zhao L, Dunlop K, Chiu J, Guglielmo CG, Bureau Y, Cheung A, Raha S, Lee TY, Regnault TRH. Western diet consumption through early life induces microvesicular hepatic steatosis in association with an altered metabolome in low birth weight Guinea pigs. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 67:219-233. [PMID: 30981986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Uteroplacental insufficiency-induced low birth weight (LBW) and postnatal high saturated fat/high sucrose-fructose diet (Western Diet, WD) consumption have been independently associated with the development of hepatic steatosis, while their additive effect on fatty acid, acylcarnitine and amino acid profiles in early adulthood have not been widely reported. We employed LBW, generated via uterine artery ablation, and normal birth weight (NBW) male guinea pigs fed either a WD or control diet (CD) from weaning to postnatal day 150 (early adulthood). Hepatic steatosis was absent in CD-fed offspring, while NBW/WD offspring displayed macrovesicular steatosis and LBW/WD offspring exhibited microvesicular steatosis, both occurring in a lean phenotype. Life-long consumption of the WD, irrespective of birth weight, was associated with an increase in hepatic medium- and long-chain saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, acylcarnitines, reduced oxidative phosphorylation complex III activity and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and molecular evidence of disrupted hepatic insulin signaling. In NBW/WD, hepatic C15:1 and C16:1n-6 fatty acids in phospholipids, C16, C18 and C18:1 acylcarnitines, concentrations of aspartate, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan and expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 alpha (CPT1α) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) genes were elevated compared to LBW/WD livers. Our results suggest that LBW and life-long WD combined are influential in promoting hepatic microvesicular steatosis in conjunction with a specific mitochondrial gene expression and metabolomic profile in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousseynou Sarr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristyn Dunlop
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University
| | - Jacky Chiu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University
| | | | - Yves Bureau
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University
| | - Anson Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Medical Imaging, Medical Biophysics, and Oncology, Western University; Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy R H Regnault
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University.
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Bautista-Expósito S, Peñas E, Frias J, Martínez-Villaluenga C. Pilot-scale produced fermented lentil protects against t-BHP-triggered oxidative stress by activation of Nrf2 dependent on SAPK/JNK phosphorylation. Food Chem 2019; 274:750-759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Nagashimada M, Ota T. Role of vitamin E in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. IUBMB Life 2018; 71:516-522. [PMID: 30592129 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD manifests as hepatic lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation, and can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, including those that drive its progression, are unclear. Both liver-resident (Kupffer cells) and recruited macrophages play a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance and NASH. Therefore, NALFD could potentially be ameliorated by modifying the polarization of macrophages/Kupffer cells. Reactive oxygen species induce oxidative stress, which is implicated in the progression of NASH. Micronutrients, including vitamins, are potent antioxidants that exert anti-inflammatory effects, and are used in the treatment of NAFLD. We review here the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the potential utility of vitamin E in its prevention and/or treatment. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(4):516-522, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nagashimada
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tsuguhito Ota
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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