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Wei J, Wang Y, Tu S, Zhang S, Feng Y, Hou Y, Ai H, Chen Z. Circadian rhythm disruption upregulating Per1 in mandibular condylar chondrocytes mediating temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via GSK3β/β-CATENIN pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:662. [PMID: 39010104 PMCID: PMC11251328 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) has a high incidence rate, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Circadian rhythm is an important oscillation in the human body and influences various biological activities. However, it is still unclear whether circadian rhythm affects the onset and development of TMJOA. METHODS We disrupted the normal rhythm of rats and examined the expression of core clock genes in the mandibular condylar cartilage of the jaw and histological changes in condyles. After isolating rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes, we upregulated or downregulated the clock gene Per1, examined the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes, tested the activation of the GSK3β/β-CATENIN pathway and verified it using agonists and inhibitors. Finally, after downregulating the expression of Per1 in the mandibular condylar cartilage of rats with jet lag, we examined the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes and histological changes in condyles. RESULTS Jet lag led to TMJOA-like lesions in the rat mandibular condyles, and the expression of the clock gene Per1 and cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes increased in the condylar cartilage of rats. When Per1 was downregulated or upregulated in mandibular condylar chondrocytes, the GSK3β/β-CATENIN pathway was inhibited or activated, and the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes decreased or increased, which can be rescued by activator and inhibitor of the GSK3β/β-CATENIN pathway. Moreover, after down-regulation of Per1 in mandibular condylar cartilage in vivo, significant alleviation of cartilage degradation, cartilage loss, subchondral bone loss induced by jet lag, and inhibition of the GSK3β/β-CATENIN signaling pathway were observed. Circadian rhythm disruption can lead to TMJOA. The clock gene Per1 can promote the occurrence of TMJOA by activating the GSK3β/β-CATENIN pathway and promoting the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes. The clock gene Per1 is a target for the prevention and treatment of TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wei
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoqin Tu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
| | - Yuluan Hou
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China
| | - Hong Ai
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 500630, China.
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Chen PJ, Mehta S, Dutra EH, Yadav S. Alendronate treatment rescues the effects of compressive loading of TMJ in osteogenesis imperfecta mice. Prog Orthod 2024; 25:25. [PMID: 39004686 PMCID: PMC11247069 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-024-00526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations associated with type I collagen, which results in defective extracellular matrix in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage and subchondral bone. TMJ is a fibrocartilaginous joint expressing type I collagen both in the cartilage and the subchondral bone. In the present study the effects of alendronate and altered loading of the TMJ was analyzed both in male and female OI mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight, 10-weeks-old male and female OI mice were divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: unloaded group, (2) Saline + Loaded: Saline was injected for 2 weeks and then TMJ of mice was loaded for 5 days, (3) alendronate + loaded: alendronate was injected for 2 weeks and then TMJ of mice was loaded for 5 days. Mice in all the groups were euthanized 24-h after the final loading. RESULTS Alendronate pretreatment led to significant increase in bone volume and tissue density. Histomorphometrically, alendronate treatment led to increase in mineralization, cartilage thickness and proteoglycan distribution. Increased mineralization paralleled decreased osteoclastic activity. Our immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of matrix metallopeptidase 13 and ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 5. CONCLUSION The findings of this research support that alendronate prevented the detrimental effects of loading on the extracellular matrix of the TMJ cartilage and subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Chen
- Department of Growth and Development, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln/Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Shivam Mehta
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eliane H Dutra
- Division of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Department of Growth and Development, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln/Omaha, NE, USA
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Ettlin DA, Mishra SS. Temporomandibular Disorders in Relation to Mandibular Advancement Devices for Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:533-540. [PMID: 38879285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) keep the upper airways patent by holding the mandible and attached soft tissues forward via altered position of its condyles relative to the articulating surfaces of the temporal bones. During the first weeks of MAD therapy, pain may occur in the area of the temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles, and/or teeth with a tendency of spontaneous resolution. In patients reporting temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms prior to therapy, the MAD-related anterior condylar position during sleep may result in a reduction of TMD signs and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A Ettlin
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland; São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sovna Shivani Mishra
- Craniofacial Pain Center, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, One Kneeland Street, Boston 02111, USA
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Dechaufour P, Libouban H, Chappard D, Kün-Darbois JD. Repeated unilateral injections of botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles in adult rats do not amplify condylar and alveolar bone loss nor modify the volume of the hypertrophic bone proliferation at enthesis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101955. [PMID: 38950733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Botulinum toxin is used in human in repeatedly masticatory muscles injections. A single BTX injection in animal induces mandibular bone loss with a muscle enthesis hypertrophic metaplasia. Our aim was to evaluate mandibular bone changes after unilateral repeated injections of BTX in adult rats. STUDY DESIGN Mature male rats were randomized into 3 groups: one, two or three injections. Each rat received injections in right masseter and temporalis muscles. The left side was the control side. Microcomputed tomography was used to perform 2D and 3D analyses. RESULTS Bone loss was evidenced on the right sides of alveolar and condylar bone. Alveolar bone volume increased in both control left side and injected right side whereas condylar bone volume remained constant in all groups, for both sides. Enthesis bone hypertrophic metaplasias were evidenced on the BTX injected sides without any modification with the number of injections. CONCLUSION BTX repeated injections in masticatory muscles lead to major mandibular condylar and alveolar bone loss that does not worsen. They lead to the occurrence of an enthesis bone proliferation that is not dependent on the number of injections. These results are an argument for the safety of BTX injections in masticatory muscles in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Dechaufour
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Oniris, Inserm, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; CHU Angers, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, F-49933 Angers, France
| | - Hélène Libouban
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Oniris, Inserm, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Daniel Chappard
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Oniris, Inserm, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Kün-Darbois
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Oniris, Inserm, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; CHU Angers, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, F-49933 Angers, France.
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5
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Han T, Zhu T, Lu Y, Wang Q, Bian H, Chen J, Qiao L, He TC, Zheng Q. Collagen type X expression and chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation during OA and OS development. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1784-1801. [PMID: 38726262 PMCID: PMC11076255 DOI: 10.62347/jwgw7377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte hypertrophy and the expression of its specific marker, the collagen type X gene (COL10A1), constitute key terminal differentiation stages during endochondral ossification in long bone development. Mutations in the COL10A1 gene are known to cause schmid type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD) and spondyloepiphyseal dyschondrodysplasia (SMD). Moreover, abnormal COL10A1 expression and aberrant chondrocyte hypertrophy are strongly correlated with skeletal diseases, notably osteoarthritis (OA) and osteosarcoma (OS). Throughout the progression of OA, articular chondrocytes undergo substantial changes in gene expression and phenotype, including a transition to a hypertrophic-like state characterized by the expression of collagen type X, matrix metalloproteinase-13, and alkaline phosphatase. This state is similar to the process of endochondral ossification during cartilage development. OS, the most common pediatric bone cancer, exhibits characteristics of abnormal bone formation alongside the presence of tumor tissue containing cartilaginous components. This observation suggests a potential role for chondrogenesis in the development of OS. A deeper understanding of the shifts in collagen X expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy phenotypes in OA or OS may offer novel insights into their pathogenesis, thereby paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions. This review systematically summarizes the findings from multiple OA models (e.g., transgenic, surgically-induced, mechanically-loaded, and chemically-induced OA models), with a particular focus on their chondrogenic and/or hypertrophic phenotypes and possible signaling pathways. The OS phenotypes and pathogenesis in relation to chondrogenesis, collagen X expression, chondrocyte (hypertrophic) differentiation, and their regulatory mechanisms were also discussed. Together, this review provides novel insights into OA and OS therapeutics, possibly by intervening the process of abnormal endochondral-like pathway with altered collagen type X expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiaotiao Han
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaojuan Lu
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Shenzhen Walgenron Bio-Pharm Co., Ltd.Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiqin Bian
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinnan Chen
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longwei Qiao
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- The Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qiping Zheng
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Shenzhen Walgenron Bio-Pharm Co., Ltd.Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
- The Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicago, IL 60637, USA
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Crossman J, Lai H, Kulka M, Jomha N, Flood P, El-Bialy T. The Effect of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Temporomandibular Joint Arthritis in Juvenile Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38517092 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is an inflammatory disease that can affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and lower jaw growth. Better treatment options are needed, so this study investigated the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on TMJ arthritis. Seventy-two 3-week-old male Wistar rats were in vivo microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) scanned and divided into eight groups (n = 9). These groups were Group 1-TMJ arthritis and immediate LIPUS treatment (20 min/day, 4 weeks); Group 2-immediate LIPUS treatment and no TMJ arthritis; Group 3-TMJ arthritis and no LIPUS; Group 4-no TMJ arthritis and no LIPUS; Group 5-TMJ arthritis and LIPUS treatment with a delayed start by 4 weeks; Group 6-Delayed LIPUS and no TMJ arthritis; Group 7-TMJ arthritis and no (delayed) LIPUS; and Group 8-no TMJ arthritis and no (delayed) LIPUS. Ex vivo micro-CT scanning was completed, and samples were prepared for tissue analysis. Synovitis was observed in the TMJ arthritis (collagen-induced arthritis [CIA]) groups, but the severity appeared greater in the groups without LIPUS treatment. Fibrocartilage and hypertrophic cell layer thicknesses in the CIA group without LIPUS treatment were significantly greater (p < 0.05). Proteoglycan staining appeared greater in the LIPUS groups. Immediate LIPUS treatment increased the expression of type II collagen, type X collagen, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) immunostaining, and CIA (no LIPUS) increased MMP-13, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) immunostaining. LIPUS treatment prevented growth disturbances observed in the CIA groups (no LIPUS) (p < 0.005). Our results have contributed to the understanding of the uses and limitations of the CIA juvenile rat model and have demonstrated the effects of LIPUS on the TMJ and mandibular growth. This information will help in designing future studies for investigating LIPUS and TMJ arthritis, leading to the development of new treatment options for children with juvenile arthritis in their TMJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Crossman
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hollis Lai
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Quantum and Nanotechnologies Research Center, The National Research Council Canada, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadr Jomha
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick Flood
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Fogarty NL, Johnson T, Kwok B, Lin A, Tsinman TK, Jiang X, Koyama E, Han L, Baxter JR, Mauck RL, Dyment NA. Reduction in postnatal weight-bearing does not alter the trajectory of murine meniscus growth and maturation. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:894-904. [PMID: 37804210 PMCID: PMC10978302 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The early postnatal period represents a critical window for the maturation and development of orthopedic tissues, including those within the knee joint. To understand how mechanical loading impacts the maturational trajectory of the meniscus and other tissues of the hindlimb, perturbation of postnatal weight bearing was achieved through surgical resection of the sciatic nerve in neonatal mice at 1 or 14 days old. Sciatic nerve resection (SNR) produced significant and persistent disruptions in gait, leading to reduced tibial length and reductions in Achilles tendon mechanical properties. However, SNR resulted in minimal disruptions in morphometric parameters of the menisci and other structures in the knee joint, with no detectable differences in Col1a1-YFP or Col2a1-CFP expressing cells within the menisci. Furthermore, micromechanical properties of the meniscus and cartilage (as assessed by atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation testing) were not different between experimental groups. In contrast to our initial hypothesis, reduced hindlimb weight bearing via neonatal SNR did not significantly impact the growth and development of the knee meniscus. This unexpected finding demonstrates that the input mechanical threshold required to sustain meniscus development may be lower than previously hypothesized, though future studies incorporating skeletal kinematic models coupled with force plate measurements will be required to calculate the loads passing through the affected hindlimb and precisely define these thresholds. Collectively, these results provide insight into the mechanobiological responses of the meniscus to alterations in load, and contribute to our understanding of the factors that influence normal postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L Fogarty
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Talayah Johnson
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alisia Lin
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tonia K Tsinman
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Josh R Baxter
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Wei JM, Tu SQ, Wang YX, Zhang S, Feng Y, Ai H, Chen Z. Clock gene Per1 regulates rat temporomandibular osteoarthritis through NF-κB pathway: an in vitro and in vivo study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:817. [PMID: 37907921 PMCID: PMC10619284 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common disease that negatively affects the life quality of human beings. Circadian rhythm acts an important role in life activities. However, whether the clock genes are rhythmic expressed in mandibular condylar chondrocytes, or the clock genes have an effect on the progression of TMJOA remains unknown. In this study, we aim to explore expression of clock genes and regulatory mechanism of TMJOA in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes. METHODS After synchronized by dexamethasone, the expression of core clock genes Per1, Per2, Clock, Cry1, Cry2 and Bmal1 and cartilage matrix degrading factor gene Mmp13 were analyzed in mandibular condylar chondrocytes every 4 h with RT-qPCR. The mandibular condylar chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β, and expression of Per1, Mmp13, P65 and p-P65 was assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Sh-Per1 lentivirus was used to assess the effect of clock gene Per1 in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes, and expression of Mmp13, P65 and p-P65 was measured. After establishing a rat TMJOA model using unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC), micro-CT, H & E, Alcian Blue & Nuclear Fast Red and Safranin O & Fast Green, cartilage thickness was utilized to assess the damage of cartilage and subchondral bone. Immunohistochemistry of PER1, MMP13 and P65 was performed in condylar sections. RESULTS All core clock genes and Mmp13 were rhythmically expressed. And Mmp13 expression curve was closed in phase and amplitude with Per1. After stimulation with IL-1β, the expression of MMP13, PER1 and P65 and ratio of p-P65/P65 increased in condylar chondrocytes. After Per1 was down-regulated in condylar chondrocytes, the expression of MMP13 and P65 and ratio of p-P65/P65 decreased. Compared with the condyles of Sham group, the bony parameters of UAC group were significantly worse. The thickness of cartilage in UAC group significantly reduced. The modified Mankin scores and the expression of PER1, MMP13 and P65 in cartilage of UAC group significantly increased compared with Sham group. CONCLUSION Core clock genes and Mmp13 are rhythmic expressed in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes. PER1 can regulate the expression of MMP13 through NF-κB pathway in IL-1β-induced mandibular condylar chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Wei
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Qin Tu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Ai
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China.
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Jiang N, Su Z, Sun Y, Ren R, Zhou J, Bi R, Zhu S. Spatial Heterogeneity Directs Energy Dissipation in Condylar Fibrocartilage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301051. [PMID: 37156747 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Condylar fibrocartilage with structural and compositional heterogeneity can efficiently orchestrate load-bearing and energy dissipation, making the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) survive high occlusion loads for a prolonged lifetime. How the thin condylar fibrocartilage can achieve efficient energy dissipation to cushion enormous stresses remains an open question in biology and tissue engineering. Here, three distinct zones in the condylar fibrocartilage are identified by analyzing the components and structure from the macro-and microscale to the nanoscale. Specific proteins are highly expressed in each zone related to its mechanics. The heterogeneity of condylar fibrocartilage can direct energy dissipation through the nano-micron-macro gradient spatial scale, by atomic force microscope (AFM), nanoindentation, dynamic mechanical analyzer assay (DMA), and the corresponding energy dissipation mechanisms are exclusive for each distinct zone. This study reveals the significance of the heterogeneity of condylar fibrocartilage in mechanical behavior and provides new insights into the research methods for cartilage biomechanics and the design of energy-dissipative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Songsong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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10
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Olate S, Ravelo V, Alister JP, Netto HD, Haidar ZS, Sacco R. Early Treatment of Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia in Adolescents: Preliminary Results. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103408. [PMID: 37240513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial asymmetry associated with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is a rare disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical conditions of progressive facial asymmetry in young subjects treated with high condylectomy. A retrospective study was performed including nine subjects diagnosed with UCH type 1B and progressive facial asymmetry around 12 years old with an upper canine progressing towards dental occlusion. After an analysis and a decision of treatment, orthodontics began one to two weeks prior to the condylectomy (with a mean vertical reduction of 4.83 ± 0.44 mm). Facial and dental asymmetry, dental occlusion, TMJ status and an open/closing mouth were analyzed before surgery and in the final stage of treatment, almost 3 years after surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and a Student's t-test considering a p value of <0.05. Comparing T1 (before surgery) and T2 (once orthodontic treatment was finalized), the operated condyle showed a similar height to that observed in stage 1 with a 0.12 mm difference in height (p = 0.8), whereas the non-operated condyle showed greater height increase with an average of 3.88 mm of vertical growth (p = 0.0001). This indicated that the non-operated condyle remained steady and that the operative condyle did not register significant growth. In terms of facial asymmetry in the preoperative stage, a chin deviation of 7.55 mm (±2.57 mm) was observed; in the final stage, there was a significant reduction in the chin deviation with an average of 1.55 mm (±1.26 mm) (p = 0.0001). Given the small number of patients in the sample, we can conclude that high condylectomy (approx. 5 mm), if performed early, especially in the mixed-dentition stage before full canine eruption, is beneficial for the early resolution of asymmetry and thus the avoidance of future orthognathic surgery. However, further follow-up until the end of facial growth is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Olate
- Division of Oral, Facial and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Center of Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Victor Ravelo
- Grupo de Investigación de Pregrado en Odontología (GIPO), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Alister
- Division of Oral, Facial and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Center of Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Henrique Duque Netto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36000-000, Brazil
| | - Ziyad S Haidar
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
- BioMAT'X R&D&I (HAiDAR I+D+i) LAB, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
| | - Roberto Sacco
- Division of Dentistry, Oral Surgery Department, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Oral Surgery Department, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK
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Zhai X, Huang D, Hu Y, Li X, Wang J, Ma J, Li H, Hu M, Liu H, Jiang H. Cone-beam computed tomographic characteristics in degenerative temporomandibular joint disease patients with chewing side preference. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2267-2276. [PMID: 37017756 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is aimed at assessing the Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) characteristics of temporomandibular joints (TMJ) in degenerative temporomandibular joint disease (DJD) patients with chewing side preference (CSP). MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT images of 98 patients with DJD (67 with CSP and 31 without CSP) and 22 asymptomatic participants without DJD were measured retrospectively to compare the osteoarthritic changes and the morphology of TMJ. Quantitative analysis of the TMJ radiographic images was performed to present a comparison between the three inter-group groups and between the two sides of the joints. RESULTS The frequencies of the articular flattening and surface erosion occur more often in the preferred side joints of DJD patients with CSP than the contralateral side. In addition, the horizontal angle of condyle, the depth of glenoid fossa (DGF), and the inclination of articular eminence (IAE) were larger in DJD patients with CSP than that in asymptomatic participants (p<0.05). Also, the condylar anteroposterior dimension of preferred side joints was significantly less than that of non-preferred side (p=0.026), while the width of condyles (p=0.041) and IAE (p=0.045) was greater. CONCLUSIONS DJD patients with CSP appear to have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritic changes, with the morphological changes such as flat condyle, deep glenoid fossa, and steep articular eminence, which might be considered the characteristic imaging features. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study found that CSP is a predisposing factor for the development of DJD, and attention should be paid to the existence of CSP in DJD patients during the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhai
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongzong Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhu Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junli Ma
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Southern Theater of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongchen Liu
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Galectin-8 involves in arthritic condylar bone loss via podoplanin/AKT/ERK axis-mediated inflammatory lymphangiogenesis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:753-765. [PMID: 36702375 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis and the immunological response to inflammation. Galectin-8 (Gal-8) regulates pathological lymphangiogenesis but the effects of which on inflammation-related condylar bone loss in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have not been well studied. DESIGN We used TNFα-transgenic (TNFTG) mice and their wildtype (WT) littermates to compare their inflammatory phenotype in TMJs. Next, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were used to examine the effects of which on osteoclast formation, pro-inflammatory factor expression, and inflammatory lymphangiogenesis with or without thiodigalactoside (TDG, a Gal-8 inhibitor) treatment. At last, two murine models (TNFTG arthritic model and forced mouth opening model) were used to explore TDG as a potential drug for the treatment of inflammation-related condylar bone loss. RESULTS In comparison to WT mice, lymphatic areas of lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor 1 (LYVE1)+/podoplanin (PDPN)+ and Gal-8+/PDPN+, TRAP-positive osteoclast number, and condylar bone loss are increased in TNFTG mice. Inhibition of Gal-8 in LECs by TDG, reduces TNFα-induced osteoclast formation, pro-inflammatory factor expression, and inflammatory lymphangiogenesis. In addition, Gal-8 promotes TNFα-activated AKT/ERK/NF-κB pathways by binding to PDPN. Finally, the administration of TDG attenuates inflammatory lymphangiogenesis, inhibits osteoclast activity, and reduces condylar bone loss in TNFTG arthritic mice and forced mouth opening mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the important role of Gal-8-promoted pathological lymphangiogenesis in inflammation-related condylar bone loss.
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Porto SC, Rogers-DeCotes A, Schafer E, Kern CB. The adaptive response of the mandibular condyle to increased load is disrupted by ADAMTS5 deficiency. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:93-104. [PMID: 35913086 PMCID: PMC9852085 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2102491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of increased load on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) from mice deficient in the extracellular matrix protease ADAMTS5. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wire springs exerting 0.5 N for 1 h/day for 5 days (Adamts5+/+ -n = 18; Adamts5-/- n = 19) or 0.8 N for 1 h/day for 10 days (Adamts5+/+-n = 18; Adamts5-/- n = 17) were used to increase murine TMJ load. Safranin O-staining was used to determine mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) morphology. Chondrogenic factors Sox9 and aggrecan were immunolocalized. Microcomputed topography was employed to evaluate mineralized tissues, and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase staining was used to quantify osteoclasts. RESULTS Increased load on the mandibular condyle of Adamts5-/- mice resulted in an increase in the hypertrophic zone of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) compared to normal load (NL) (P < 0.01). In the trabecular bone of the mandibular condyle, the total volume (TV), bone volume (BV), trabecular thickness (TbTh), and trabecular separation (TbSp) of the mandibular condyles in Adamts5-/- mice (n = 27) did not change significantly with increased load, compared to Adamts5+/+ (n = 38) that exhibited significant responses (TV-P < 0.05; BV-P < 0.001; TbTh-P < 0.01; TbSp-P < 0.01). The bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was significantly reduced in response to increased load in both Adamts5-/- (P < 0.05) and Adamts5+/+ mandibular condyles (P < 0.001) compared to NL. Increased load in Adamts5-/- mandibular condyles also resulted in a dramatic increase in osteoclasts compared to Adamts5-/- NL (P < 0.001) and to Adamts5+/+ with increased load (P < 01). CONCLUSION The trabeculated bone of the Adamts5-/- mandibular condyle was significantly less responsive to the increased load compared to Adamts5+/+. ADAMTS5 may be required for mechanotransduction in the trabeculated bone of the mandibular condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Porto
- Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424
| | - Alexandra Rogers-DeCotes
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC 29525
| | - Emmaline Schafer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC 29525
| | - Christine B. Kern
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC 29525
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Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: Pathogenic Mechanisms Involving the Cartilage and Subchondral Bone, and Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Joint Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010171. [PMID: 36613615 PMCID: PMC9820477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a specialized synovial joint that is crucial for the movement and function of the jaw. TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is the result of disc dislocation, trauma, functional overburden, and developmental anomalies. TMJ OA affects all joint structures, including the articular cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, capsule, ligaments, periarticular muscles, and sensory nerves that innervate the tissues. The present review aimed to illustrate the main pathomechanisms involving cartilage and bone changes in TMJ OA and some therapeutic options that have shown potential restorative properties regarding these joint structures in vivo. Chondrocyte loss, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and subchondral bone remodeling are important factors in TMJ OA. The subchondral bone actively participates in TMJ OA through an abnormal bone remodeling initially characterized by a loss of bone mass, followed by reparative mechanisms that lead to stiffness and thickening of the condylar osteochondral interface. In recent years, such therapies as intraarticular platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid (HA), and mesenchymal stem cell-based treatment (MSCs) have shown promising results with respect to the regeneration of joint structures or the protection against further damage in TMJ OA. Nevertheless, PRP and MSCs are more frequently associated with cartilage and/or bone repair than HA. According to recent findings, the latter could enhance the restorative potential of other therapies (PRP, MSCs) when used in combination, rather than repair TMJ structures by itself. TMJ OA is a complex disease in which degenerative changes in the cartilage and bone develop through intricate mechanisms. The regenerative potential of such therapies as PRP, MSCs, and HA regarding the cartilage and subchondral bone (alone or in various combinations) in TMJ OA remains a matter of further research, with studies sometimes obtaining discrepant results.
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15
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Chen PJ, Wang K, Mehta S, O’Brien MH, Dealy CN, Dutra EH, Yadav S. Anabolic Response of Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone and Alendronate on the Osteochondral Tissue of TMJ. Cartilage 2022; 13:171-183. [PMID: 36239576 PMCID: PMC9924974 DOI: 10.1177/19476035221109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alendronate (Alend) on the osteochondral tissue of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six male and female transgenic reporter mice, 4 to 5 weeks old were divided into 6 groups: (1) Control group: Saline was injected daily for 14 days; (2) PTH: PTH was injected daily for 14 days; (3) Alend: Alend was injected every alternate days for 14 days; (4) Combined PTH and Alend: PTH was injected daily and Alend injected every alternate days for 14 days; (5) PTH then Alend: PTH was injected daily for 14 days followed by Alend injections in alternate days for 14 days; and (6) PTH wait Alend: PTH was injected daily for 14 days. There was a waiting period of 1 week before administration of Alend in alternate days for 14 days. Mice were injected with 5-ethnyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), 48 and 24 hours prior to euthanization. RESULTS There was significant increase in bone volume and decrease in osteoclastic activity in groups in which Alend was administered after PTH in both gender. There was significant increase in cartilage thickness with PTH or Alend alone in females, whereas in males, PTH alone led to increase in cartilage thickness. Chondrocyte apoptosis was significantly decreased with PTH or Alend alone in both male and female. Matrix metallopeptidase 13, and aggreganase-2 (ADAMTS5) expression were significantly decreased with PTH and Alend alone in both gender. CONCLUSION PTH and Alend administration causes anabolic effects in the osteochondral tissue of TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shivam Mehta
- Department of Developmental Sciences,
Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Mara H. O’Brien
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Caroline N. Dealy
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Eliane H. Dutra
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA,Sumit Yadav, Department of Orthodontics,
School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC1725,
Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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16
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He Z, Liu M, Zhang Q, Tian Y, Wang L, Yan X, Ren D, Yuan X. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated in the progress of mandibular condylar cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss induced by overloaded functional orthopedic force (OFOF). Heliyon 2022; 8:e10847. [PMID: 36262297 PMCID: PMC9573886 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the pathogenesis and progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) caused by overloaded force. Materials and methods We generated a rat model of forward mandibular extension device to induce TMJ OA by overloaded force. Condylar cartilage samples were collected at 2wk, 4wk, and 8wk after appliances were installed. Changes of the condylar cartilage and subchondral bone were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Safranin O and Fast Green staining (SO&FG), micro-CT, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The expression levels of β-catenin, COL-2, MMP3 and sclerostin (SOST) were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR. Results HE, SO&FG, micro-CT, OARSI and Mankin scores showed that the condyle cartilage layer was significantly thinner and proteoglycan loss in the overloded group. TRAP staining exhibited that the number of positive osteoclasts increased and OPG level decreased in the overload group. IHC, PCR showed that the expression of COL2 and SOST decreased, while MMP3 and β-catenin increased in the overload group. Conclusion Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated in the progress of mandibular condylar cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss induced by overloaded functional orthopedic force (OFOF)
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Teixeira CC, Abdullah F, Alikhani M, Alansari S, Sangsuwon C, Oliveira S, Nervina JM, Alikhani M. Dynamic loading stimulates mandibular condyle remodeling. J World Fed Orthod 2022; 11:146-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Ferreira NDR, Sanz CK, Raybolt A, Pereira CM, DosSantos MF. Action of Hyaluronic Acid as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecule and Its Function on the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:852249. [PMID: 35369538 PMCID: PMC8971669 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.852249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint is responsible for fundamental functions. However, mechanical overload or microtraumas can cause temporomandibular disorders (TMD). In addition to external factors, it is known that these conditions are involved in complex biological mechanisms, such as activation of the immune system, activation of the inflammatory process, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The ECM is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network; its most studied components is hyaluronic acid (HA). HA is naturally found in many tissues, and most of it has a high molecular weight. HA has attributed an essential role in the viscoelastic properties of the synovial fluid and other tissues. Additionally, it has been shown that HA molecules can contribute to other mechanisms in the processes of injury and healing. It has been speculated that the degradation product of high molecular weight HA in healthy tissues during injury, a low molecular weight HA, may act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs are multifunctional and structurally diverse molecules that play critical intracellular roles in the absence of injury or infection. However, after cellular damage or stress, these molecules promote the activation of the immune response. Fragments from the degradation of HA can also act as immune response activators. Low molecular weight HA would have the ability to act as a pro-inflammatory marker, promoting the activation and maturation of dendritic cells, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). It also increases the expression of chemokines and cell proliferation. Many of the pro-inflammatory effects of low molecular weight HA are attributed to its interactions with the activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs 2 and 4). In contrast, the high molecular weight HA found in healthy tissues would act as an anti-inflammatory, inhibiting cell growth and differentiation, decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines, and reducing phagocytosis by macrophages. These anti-inflammatory effects are mainly attributed to the interaction of high-weight HA with the CD44 receptor. In this study, we review the action of the HA as a DAMP and its functions on pain control, more specifically in orofacial origin (e.g., TMD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália dos Reis Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Occlusion and Orofacial Pain, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Kaminski Sanz
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Raybolt
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Pereira
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fabio DosSantos
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional (INNT-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia (PPGO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcos Fabio DosSantos ;
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Zou Y, Cai S, Lin H, Cai J, Zheng DL, Lu YG, Xu L. Experimental functional shift-induced osteoarthritis-like changes at the TMJ and altered integrin expression in a rat model. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1511:210-227. [PMID: 35188225 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mandibular deviation affects the biomechanical environment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and causes thinning of cartilage on the deviated side. We aimed to evaluate, using a rat model, the effect of mandibular functional deviation on the TMJ in relation to the functional roles of integrin β family members. The effects of experimental functional deviation on the TMJ of 6-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats, randomly assigned to control (n = 42) and experimental groups (n = 42), were evaluated at 3 days and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks by histological staining, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and micro-computed tomography. The results showed that the experimental functional shift changed the shape of condyles, thinned the cartilage, and increased the proportion of the hypertrophic layer on the deviated sides of condyles. In addition, the extracellular matrix of the condyle cartilage exhibited degradation at 1 week and subchondral trabecular bone was lost at 4 and 8 weeks. Osteoarthritis (OA)-like changes occurred in the left and right condyles of rats in the experimental group and were aggravated over time. Integrin β family expression, especially integrin β2 , was altered from week 1, possibly related to the OA-like changes. These data may provide insight into the onset of TMJ OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Zou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Orthodontics Department, Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Senxin Cai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Orthodontics Department, Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanyu Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Orthodontics Department, Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Orthodontics Department, Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linyu Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Orthodontics Department, Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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20
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Xu M, Zhang X, He Y. An updated view on Temporomandibular Joint degeneration: insights from the cell subsets of mandibular condylar cartilage. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:445-459. [PMID: 35044232 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which causes joint dysfunction, indicates the need for more effective methods for treatment and repair. Mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC), a typical fibrocartilage that experiences degenerative changes during the development of TMJOA, has become a research focus and therapeutic target in recent years. MCC is composed of four zones of cells at various stages of differentiation. The cell subsets in MCC exhibit different physiological and pathological characteristics during development and in TMJOA. Most studies of TMJOA are mainly concerned with gene regulation of pathological changes. The corresponding treatment targets with specific cell subsets in MCC may provide more accurate and reliable results for cartilage repair and TMJOA treatment. In this review, we summarized the current research progress on the cell subsets of MCC from the perspective of MCC development and degeneration. We hope to provide a reference for further exploration of the pathological process of TMJOA and improvement of TMJOA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Xu
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, Chongqing, China;
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, Chongqing, China;
| | - Yao He
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, China, 400016;
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21
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhou P, Liu Q, Zhang M, Yang H, Yu S, Zhang J, Huo W, Zhao Y, Wang M. Elder Mice Exhibit More Severe Degeneration and Milder Regeneration in Temporomandibular Joints Subjected to Bilateral Anterior Crossbite. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750468. [PMID: 34925057 PMCID: PMC8674645 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joints (TMJs) have a biomechanical relationship with dental occlusion. Aberrant occlusion initiates degenerative remodeling responses in TMJ condyles. Aging is a promoting factor of osteoarthritis (OA) development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of aging on degenerative remodeling in TMJ condyles in response to occlusal biomechanical stimulation caused by the installation of aberrant prostheses and observe rehabilitation after their removal. The experiments involved 84 female C57BL/6J mice (42 at 6 weeks old and 42 at 28 weeks old). A bilateral anterior crossbite (BAC) model was developed, and the TMJs were sampled at 3, 7, and 11 weeks. BAC was removed at 7 weeks in a subset of mice, which accepted BAC treatment at 6 week of age, and maintained for another 4 weeks after BAC removal. TMJ changes were assessed with micro-CT, histomorphology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence staining assays. The results showed that BAC induced typical OA-like TMJ lesions that were more severe in the elder groups as evaluated by the acellular zones, clustered chondrocytes, fissures between cartilage and subchondral bone, reductions in matrix amount and the cartilage thickness as revealed by histomorphological measurements, and subchondral bone loss as detected on micro-CT images. IHC indicated significant increases in cleaved caspase-3-expressing cells and decreases in ki67-positive cells in the BAC groups. There were obvious age-dependent changes in the numbers of superficial zone cells and CD90-expressing cells. Supportively, cleaved caspase-3-expressing cells obviously increased, while ki67-expressing cells significantly decreased with aging. In the elder BAC groups, the superficial zone cells such as CD90-expressing cells were greatly reduced. At 11 weeks, the superficial zone cells were almost non-existent, and there were clear serrated injuries on the cartilage surface. BAC removal attenuated the degenerative changes in the condylar cartilage and subchondral bone. Notably, the rescue effect was more pronounced in the younger animals. Our findings demonstrate the impacts of aging on both TMJ degenerative changes in response to BAC and regenerative changes following BAC removal. The reduced number of chondro-progenitor cells in aged TMJ cartilage provides an explanation for this age-related decline in TMJ rehabilitative behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Qian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shibin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanqiu Huo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- First Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State, Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Woods PS, Morin AA, Chen PJ, Mahonski S, Xiao L, Hurley M, Yadav S, Schmidt TA. Automated Indentation Demonstrates Structural Stiffness of Femoral Articular Cartilage and Temporomandibular Joint Mandibular Condylar Cartilage Is Altered in FgF2KO Mice. Cartilage 2021; 13:1513S-1521S. [PMID: 33012179 PMCID: PMC8804844 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520962565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Employ an automated indentation technique, using a commercially available machine, to assess the effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression on structural stiffness over the surface of both murine femoral articular cartilage (AC) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC). DESIGN Experiments were performed using 3-month-old female homozygote Fgf2KO mice with wild type (WT) littermates. After euthanization, isolated mandibles and hindlimbs were either processed for histology or subjected to automated indentation on a Biomomentum Mach-1 v500csst with a 3-axis motion controller in a phosphate buffered saline bath using a 0.3 mm spherical tip indenter. The effect of indentation depth on normal force was characterized, then structural stiffness was calculated and mapped at multiple positions on the AC and MCC. RESULTS Automated indentation of the AC and TMJ MCC was successfully completed and was able to demonstrate both regional variation in structural stiffness and differences between WT and Fgf2KO mice. Structural stiffness values for Fgf2KO AC were significantly smaller than WT at both the medial/anterior (P < 0.05) and medial/posterior (P < 0.05) positions. Global Fgf2KO also lead to a decrease in MCC thickness of the TMJ compared with WT (P < 0.05) and increased structural stiffness values for Fgf2KO at both the posterior and anterior location (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Automated indentation spatially resolved differences in structural stiffness between WT and Fgf2KO tissue, demonstrating FGF2 expression affects femoral AC and TMJ MCC. This quantitative method will provide a valuable approach for functional characterization of cartilage tissues in murine models relevant to knee joint and TMJ health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige S. Woods
- Biomedical Engineering Department,
School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa A. Morin
- Biomedical Engineering Department,
School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sarah Mahonski
- Department of Medicine, School of
Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Liping Xiao
- Department of Medicine, School of
Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Marja Hurley
- Department of Medicine, School of
Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, School of
Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department,
School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA,Tannin A. Schmidt, Biomedical Engineering
Department, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC 17121, Farmington, CT 06001,
USA.
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23
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Utreja A, Motevasel H, Bain C, Holland R, Robling A. The Effect of Overexpression of Lrp5 on the Temporomandibular Joint. Cartilage 2021; 13:419S-426S. [PMID: 33124433 PMCID: PMC8804854 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520968875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a unique fibrocartilaginous joint that adapts to mechanical loading through cell signaling pathways such as the Wnt pathway. Increased expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5), a co-receptor of the Wnt pathway, is associated with a high bone mass (HBM) phenotype. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of overexpression of Lrp5 on the subchondral bone and cartilage of the TMJ in mice exhibiting the HBM phenotype. DESIGN Sixteen-week-old Lrp5 knock-in transgenic mice carrying either the A214V (EXP-A) or G171V (EXP-G) missense mutations, and wildtype controls (CTRL) were included in this study. Fluorescent bone labels, calcein, alizarin complexone, and demeclocycline were injected at 3.5, 7.5, and 11.5 weeks of age, respectively. The left mandibular condyle was used to compare the subchondral bone micro-computed tomography parameters and the right TMJ was used for histological analyses. Cartilage thickness, matrix proteoglycan accumulation, and immunohistochemical localization of Lrp5 and sclerostin were compared between the groups. RESULTS Subchondral bone volume (BV) and percent bone volume (BV/TV) were significantly increased in both EXP-A and EXP-G compared with CTRL (P < 0.05) whereas trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) was decreased. Cartilage thickness, extracellular matrix production, and expression of Lrp5 and Sost were all increased in the experimental groups. The separation between the fluorescent bone labels indicated increased endochondral maturation between 3.5 and 7.5 weeks. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that Lrp5 overexpression leads to adaptation changes in the mandibular condylar cartilage of the TMJ to prevent cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achint Utreja
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of
Growth, Development and Structure, Southern Illinois University School of Dental
Medicine, Alton, IL, USA,Department of Orthodontics and Oral
Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA,Achint Utreja, Section of Orthodontics,
Department of Growth, Development and Structure, Southern Illinois University
School of Dental Medicine, 2800 College Avenue, Alton, IL 62002, USA.
| | - Hengameh Motevasel
- Department of Orthodontics and Oral
Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Carol Bain
- Histotechnology Program, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert Holland
- Department of Orthodontics and Oral
Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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24
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Hassanzadeh A, Ashrafihelan J, Salehi R, Rahbarghazi R, Firouzamandi M, Ahmadi M, Khaksar M, Alipour M, Aghazadeh M. Development and biocompatibility of the injectable collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds as in situ forming hydrogel for the hard tissue engineering application. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:136-146. [PMID: 33507104 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1877153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels attract more attention to hard tissue engineering for the fulfilment of the defects with irregular shapes. Therefore, the researchers investigated the biocompatibility and immune response to the injectable PCL-PEG-PCL-Col/nHA hydrogels in a mouse model. The histological examination was done via H&E. The activation of the immune cells was evaluated by using antibodies against the CD68, CD4, and CD8 markers. The expression of CCL-2, BCL-2, IL-10, and CD31 genes was measured. Moreover, serum levels of the ALT, ALP, AST, and Urea were detected. The results of the chemical analysis showed that the collagen and Nano-hydroxyapatite were successfully integrated into the PCL-PEG-PCL hydrogels. The histological examination revealed a delayed biodegradation rate after the addition of the collagen and Nano-hydroxyapatite. No prominent pro-inflammatory response was found at the site of the injection. There are no significant differences in the levels of the CD68 and CD8/CD4 lymphocyte ratio among groups (p > .05). The expression of the CD31, IL-10 was significantly increased in the PCL-PEG-PCL-Col/nHA hydrogel (p < .05). ALT, ALP, AST, and Urea levels were not altered pre- and post-transplantation of the hydrogels (p > .05). These in vivo results demonstrated that the injectable PCL-PEG-PCL-Col/nHA hydrogels are biocompatible and suitable for further research in hard tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Ashrafihelan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Khaksar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Alipour
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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He Y, Zhang M, Song J, Warman ML. Cell depleted areas do not repopulate after diphtheria toxin-induced killing of mandibular cartilage chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1474-1484. [PMID: 34166809 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growth of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) is associated with cell proliferation within the polymorphic cell layer and subsequent differentiation into chondrocytes that reside along the condylar surface and along the cartilage/subchondral bone interface. We examined whether cells in the polymorphic layer would proliferate and repopulate toxin-induced cell-depleted areas in MCCs of adult mice. METHOD We induced diphtheria toxin (DTA) expression (ROSA26l-s-lDTA) to cell-autonomously kill large fractions of MCC chondrocytes throughout the cartilage or along the articular cartilage surface with Aggrecan-CreERt2 (AcanCreERt2) or Lubricin-CreERt2 (Prg4CreERt2) Cre-recombinase-inducible mice, respectively. We examined MCCs from these mice shortly after cell killing or several months later with histology and confocal microscopy for evidence of chondrocyte proliferation and repopulation. RESULTS AcanCreERt2-induced DTA expression killed an average of 53% MCC chondrocytes in adult mice after 1 week (39-66%, 95% confidence interval (CI)). Twelve weeks later, surviving chondrocytes had proliferated but not migrated to cell depleted areas. Prg4CreERt2-induced DTA expression killed an average of 24% surface chondrocytes in mice after 5 weeks (14-34% CI). After thirteen weeks there was 34% fewer surface chondrocytes (4-63% CI) in Prg4CreERt2 DTA-induced mice compared to controls. CONCLUSION In adult mice, after diphtheria toxin-mediated chondrocyte killing, cell depleted areas within MCC cartilage are not repopulated by new cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Department of Orthodontics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - M Zhang
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Song
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M L Warman
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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26
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Tsinman TK, Jiang X, Han L, Koyama E, Mauck RL, Dyment NA. Intrinsic and growth-mediated cell and matrix specialization during murine meniscus tissue assembly. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21779. [PMID: 34314047 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100499r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The incredible mechanical strength and durability of mature fibrous tissues and their extremely limited turnover and regenerative capacity underscores the importance of proper matrix assembly during early postnatal growth. In tissues with composite extracellular matrix (ECM) structures, such as the adult knee meniscus, fibrous (Collagen-I rich), and cartilaginous (Collagen-II, proteoglycan-rich) matrix components are regionally segregated to the outer and inner portions of the tissue, respectively. While this spatial variation in composition is appreciated to be functionally important for resisting complex mechanical loads associated with gait, the establishment of these specialized zones is poorly understood. To address this issue, the following study tracked the growth of the murine meniscus from its embryonic formation through its first month of growth, encompassing the critical time-window during which animals begin to ambulate and weight bear. Using histological analysis, region specific high-throughput qPCR, and Col-1, and Col-2 fluorescent reporter mice, we found that matrix and cellular features defining specific tissue zones were already present at birth, before continuous weight-bearing had occurred. These differences in meniscus zones were further refined with postnatal growth and maturation, resulting in specialization of mature tissue regions. Taken together, this work establishes a detailed timeline of the concurrent spatiotemporal changes that occur at both the cellular and matrix level throughout meniscus maturation. The findings of this study provide a framework for investigating the reciprocal feedback between cells and their evolving microenvironments during assembly of a mechanically robust fibrocartilage tissue, thus providing insight into mechanisms of tissue degeneration and effective regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia K Tsinman
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Chandrasekaran P, Kwok B, Han B, Adams SM, Wang C, Chery DR, Mauck RL, Dyment NA, Lu XL, Frank DB, Koyama E, Birk DE, Han L. Type V Collagen Regulates the Structure and Biomechanics of TMJ Condylar Cartilage: A Fibrous-Hyaline Hybrid. Matrix Biol 2021; 102:1-19. [PMID: 34314838 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study queried the role of type V collagen in the post-natal growth of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar cartilage, a hybrid tissue with a fibrocartilage layer covering a secondary hyaline cartilage layer. Integrating outcomes from histology, immunofluorescence imaging, electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy-based nanomechanical tests, we elucidated the impact of type V collagen reduction on TMJ condylar cartilage growth in the type V collagen haploinsufficiency and inducible knockout mice. Reduction of type V collagen led to significantly thickened collagen fibrils, decreased tissue modulus, reduced cell density and aberrant cell clustering in both the fibrous and hyaline layers. Post-natal growth of condylar cartilage involves the chondrogenesis of progenitor cells residing in the fibrous layer, which gives rise to the secondary hyaline layer. Loss of type V collagen resulted in reduced proliferation of these cells, suggesting a possible role of type V collagen in mediating the progenitor cell niche. When the knockout of type V collagen was induced in post-weaning mice after the start of physiologic TMJ loading, the hyaline layer exhibited pronounced thinning, supporting an interplay between type V collagen and occlusal loading in condylar cartilage growth. The phenotype in hyaline layer can thus be attributed to the impact of type V collagen on the mechanically regulated progenitor cell activities. In contrast, knee cartilage does not contain the progenitor cell population at post-natal stages, and develops normal structure and biomechanical properties with the loss of type V collagen. Therefore, in the TMJ, in addition to its established role in regulating the assembly of collagen I fibrils, type V collagen also impacts the mechanoregulation of progenitor cell activities in the fibrous layer. We expect such knowledge to establish a foundation for understanding condylar cartilage matrix development and regeneration, and to yield new insights into the TMJ symptoms in patients with classic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, a genetic disease due to autosomal mutation of type V collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Daphney R Chery
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - X Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - David B Frank
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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28
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Yan F, Feng J, Yang L, Shi C. The effect induced by alternated mechanical loading on Notch-1 in mandibular condylar cartilage of growing rabbits. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:437-444. [PMID: 34311570 PMCID: PMC8333037 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.107.bjr-2020-0234.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of our study is to investigate the effect induced by alternated mechanical loading on Notch-1 in mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) of growing rabbits. Methods A total of 64 ten-day-old rabbits were randomly divided into two groups according to dietary hardness: normal diet group (pellet) and soft diet group (powder). In each group, the rabbits were further divided into four subgroups by feeding time: two weeks, four weeks, six weeks, and eight weeks. Animals would be injected 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) every day for one week before sacrificing. Histomorphometric analysis of MCC thickness was performed through haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Immunochemical analysis was done to test BrdU and Notch-1. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to measure expression of Notch-1, Jagged-1, and Delta-like 1 (Dll-1). Results The thickness of MCC in the soft diet group was thinner than the one in normal diet group. Notch-1 was restricted in fibrous layer, proliferative layer, and hypertrophic layer. The expression of Notch-1 increased from two weeks to six weeks and then fell down. Notch-1 in normal diet group was higher than that in soft diet group in anterior part of MCC. The statistical differences of Notch-1 were shown at two, four, and six weeks (p < 0.05). The result of western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed the expression of Dll-1 and Jagged-1 rose from two to four weeks and started to decrease at four weeks. BrdU distributed in all layers of cartilage and subchondral bone. The number of BrdU-positive cells, which were less in soft diet group, was decreasing along with the experiment period. The significant difference was found at four, six, and eight weeks in anterior and posterior parts (p < 0.05). Conclusion The structure and proliferation of MCC in rabbits were sensitive to dietary loading changes. The proper mechanical loading was essential for transduction of Notch signalling pathway and development of mandibular condylar cartilage. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(7):437–444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yan
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Feng
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changjin Shi
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Zhou Y, Al‐Naggar IMA, Chen P, Gasek NS, Wang K, Mehta S, Kuchel GA, Yadav S, Xu M. Senolytics alleviate the degenerative disorders of temporomandibular joint in old age. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13394. [PMID: 34101970 PMCID: PMC8282237 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the major risk factors for degenerative joint disorders, including those involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). TMJ degeneration occurs primarily in the population over 65, significantly increasing the risk of joint discomfort, restricted joint mobility, and reduced quality of life. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective mechanism‐based treatment available in the clinic to alleviate TMJ degeneration with aging. We now demonstrate that intermittent administration of senolytics, drugs which can selectively clear senescent cells, preserved mandibular condylar cartilage thickness, improved subchondral bone volume and turnover, and reduced Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathological score in both 23‐ to 24‐month‐old male and female mice. Senolytics had little effect on 4 months old young mice, indicating age‐specific benefits. Our study provides proof‐of‐concept evidence that age‐related TMJ degeneration can be alleviated by pharmaceutical intervention targeting cellular senescence. Since the senolytics used in this study have been proven relatively safe in recent human studies, our findings may help justify future clinical trials addressing TMJ degeneration in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Zhou
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- UConn Center on Aging UConn Health Farmington CT USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | | | - Po‐Jung Chen
- Division of Orthodontics UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Nathan S. Gasek
- UConn Center on Aging UConn Health Farmington CT USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Orthodontics UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Shivam Mehta
- Division of Orthodontics UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | | | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics UConn Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging UConn Health Farmington CT USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences UConn Health Farmington CT USA
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Zhang Y, Liu Q, Xu X, Zhou P, Zhang H, Yang H, Zhang M, Zhang J, Lu L, Liu J, Wang M. Long-term effect of bilateral anterior elevation of occlusion on the temporomandibular joints. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1911-1920. [PMID: 33979023 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Incisors tubed prosthesis with bilateral anterior elevation (BAE) relation had been reported to stimulate the proliferative response in the mandibular condylar cartilage of mice, thus the prosthetic occlusion elevation had been proposed to treat cartilage degeneration. Currently, we aimed to detect the long-term effect of BAE on temporomandibular joints (TMJs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve 6-week-old female mice were assigned to age-matched control and BAE groups (n = 6). Micro-CT images and the macro- and micro-morphology of the mandibular condyles were analyzed at 29 weeks. RESULTS Compared with the age-matched controls, in BAE group, there were loss of subchondral cortical bone and heavy loss of the subchondral trabecular bone at the superior sites of the TMJ condyles, but hyperostosis at the inferior sites as revealed by micro-CT images and histological slices. In BAE group, cartilage thickness and matrix area were increased with upregulated expression of type II, type X collagen, and Ki67, but the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was downregulated (all, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In addition to cartilage thickening, long-term BAE induces loss of the subchondral cortical bone and heavy loss of the underneath subchondral trabecular bone, but hyperostosis further underneath. Using BAE as a treatment remains double-edged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, P.R.China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, P.R.China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiguang Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, P.R.China
| | - Meiqing Wang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, P.R.China.,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Fang L, Ye Y, Tan X, Huang L, He Y. Overloading stress-induced progressive degeneration and self-repair in condylar cartilage. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1503:72-87. [PMID: 33962484 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Overloading stress-induced condylar cartilage degeneration acts as the main pathologic change in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). However, the progression of degeneration and the ability for self-repair remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the progression of cartilage degeneration by dividing pathological stages using a steady mouth-opening mouse model. Then, we observed changes of cartilage by removing the loading at different stages to test the potential self-repair after degeneration induced. Three-dimensional confocal microscopy combined with histology and micro-CT scanning was applied to examine TMJ at different stages of degeneration before and after self-repair. We found the cartilage underwent progressive and thorough degeneration as the overloading stress developed. During the initial adaptation stage, robust proliferation of posteromedial cartilage began at the area of direct loading. Subsequently, widespread chondrocyte apoptosis was found, followed by new chondrocyte proliferation in aggregates with matrix degradation and subchondral bone catabolism. Finally, with cartilage surface damage, the degeneration reached a point where the lesion could not be reversed by self-repair. While the cartilage nearly returned to normal when the interference was removed within 5 days. These results suggested overloading force induces a pathological process of successive degeneration in TMJ cartilage, which can be reversed by self-repair at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Fang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yusi Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Tan
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li B, Guan G, Mei L, Jiao K, Li H. Pathological mechanism of chondrocytes and the surrounding environment during osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4902-4911. [PMID: 33949768 PMCID: PMC8178251 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease of the TMJ. In order to explore its aetiology and pathological mechanism, many animal models and cell models have been constructed to simulate the pathological process of TMJ osteoarthritis. The main pathological features of TMJ osteoarthritis include chondrocyte death, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and subchondral bone remodelling. Chondrocyte apoptosis accelerates the destruction of cartilage. However, autophagy has a protective effect on condylar chondrocytes. Degradation of ECM not only changes the properties of cartilage but also affects the phenotype of chondrocytes. The loss of subchondral bone in the early stages of TMJ osteoarthritis plays an aetiological role in the onset of osteoarthritis. In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that chondrocyte hypertrophy and endochondral angiogenesis promote TMJ osteoarthritis. Hypertrophic chondrocytes secrete many factors that promote cartilage degeneration. These chondrocytes can further differentiate into osteoblasts and osteocytes and accelerate cartilage ossification. Intrachondral angiogenesis and neoneurogenesis are considered to be important triggers of arthralgia in TMJ osteoarthritis. Many molecular signalling pathways in endochondral osteogenesis are responsible for TMJ osteoarthritis. These latest discoveries in TMJ osteoarthritis have further enhanced the understanding of this disease and contributed to the development of molecular therapies. This paper summarizes recent cognition on the pathogenesis of TMJ osteoarthritis, focusing on the role of chondrocyte hypertrophy degeneration and cartilage angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangzhao Guan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Bhatti FUR, Karydis A, Lee BS, Deguchi T, Kim DG, Cho H. Understanding Early-Stage Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis for Future Prospects of Diagnosis: from Knee to Temporomandibular Joint. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:166-174. [PMID: 33523424 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-021-00661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Many mechanical load-bearing joints of the body are prone to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), including the knee joint and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Early detection of PTOA can be beneficial in prevention or alleviating further progression of the disease. RECENT FINDINGS Various mouse models, similar to those used in development of novel diagnosis strategies for early stages of OA, have been proposed to study early PTOA. While many studies have focused on OA and PTOA in the knee joint, early diagnostic methods for OA and PTOA of the TMJ are still not well established. Previously, we showed that fluorescent near-infrared imaging can diagnose inflammation and cartilage damage in mouse models of knee PTOA. Here we propose that the same approach can be used for early diagnosis of TMJ-PTOA. In this review, we present a brief overview of PTOA, application of relevant mouse models, current imaging methods available to examine TMJ-PTOA, and the prospects of near-infrared optical imaging to diagnose early-stage TMJ-OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal-Ur-Rehman Bhatti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Research 151, VAMC, 1030 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, TN, 38104 , USA
| | - Anastasios Karydis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Research 151, VAMC, 1030 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, TN, 38104 , USA
| | - Beth S Lee
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University , Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Toru Deguchi
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 4088 Postle Hall, 305 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 4088 Postle Hall, 305 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Hongsik Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Research 151, VAMC, 1030 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, TN, 38104 , USA.
- Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Lyros I, Makrygiannakis MA, Lykogeorgos T, Ferdianakis E, Tsolakis AI. Posterior Mandibular Displacement-A Systematic Review Based on Animal Studies. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030823. [PMID: 33804016 PMCID: PMC8000001 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating extreme mandibular growth is challenging. The mandible is pushed backwards to address itsprotrusion. Nevertheless, conclusions after such displacement in animals have been contradictory. The aim of the present review is to present measurable alterations of the mandible and the condyle following retractionin healthy rats or rabbits. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were accessed for relevant studies up to October 2020. Eligibility was determined by the PICOS process, while the risk of bias was estimated with SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Retraction resulted in a more distal molar occlusion and the condyle rested more posteriorly. Mandibular anteroposterior bilateral growth restriction was achieved, the condylar process measured smaller and its angulation increased. The condylar neck thickened, its posterior surface flattened, the coronoid process was measured longer, and enlarged retromolar density was registered. Differences in the ramus height and the intercondylar distance were insignificant. Changes persisted for the period of study and subsequently the mandible resumed its inherited growth pattern. The timing of mandibular shaping and TMJ outcomes might depend on the properties of the applied force. Stability is of concern and well-structured, long-term studies are expected to resolve the issue and further clarify the results of posterior mandibular displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Lyros
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.A.M.); (E.F.); (A.I.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Miltiadis A. Makrygiannakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.A.M.); (E.F.); (A.I.T.)
| | - Theodoros Lykogeorgos
- Paediatric Dentist, “Hatzikosta” General Hospital of Messolonghi, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece;
| | - Efstratios Ferdianakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.A.M.); (E.F.); (A.I.T.)
| | - Apostolos I. Tsolakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.A.M.); (E.F.); (A.I.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Choi H, Lee JW, Yun KI. Association between Peanut Consumption and Temporomandibular Disorders in a Sample of the South Korean Population. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:616-617. [PMID: 34178810 PMCID: PMC8214618 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungkil Choi
- Department of Dental Services Management and Informatics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Lee
- Department of Dental Services Management and Informatics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-In Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Gong C, Wen J, Wang H, Li H. Study of changes in rat mandibular condyle under intermittent cyclic and continuous compressive stress. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 124:105066. [PMID: 33571732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of intermittent and continuous compressive stress on rat mandibular condyles. DESIGN Ninety rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: non-loading control groups and 1-day intermittent cyclic loading, 3-day intermittent cyclic loading, 7-day intermittent cyclic loading, continuous loading groups. In the loading groups, compressive mechanical stresses were loaded onto the condyles. The rats were euthanized after one, two, or four weeks. Histomorphometric and immunochemical staining of the cartilage and the micro-CT scanning of subchondral bone were investigated. RESULTS Under continuous loading following the first week, cartilage thickness, numbers of chondrocytes, extracellular matrix (Type-II collagen) and proliferation decreased significantly, and there was no apparent repair response after the second and fourth weeks. The cartilage of 1-day and 3-day intermittent cyclic loading groups showed similar pathological changes but better proliferative activity compared with the continuous loading group. The 7-day intermittent loading group had significant recovery after 2 weeks, including the increase of cartilage thickness and the number of chondrocytes, cell swelling and rearranging. However, the remodeling of subchondral bone showed no significant difference between the intermittent and continuous loading stress compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Under moderate mechanical stress, the condylar cartilage actively remodeled, whereas the subchondral bone, as supportive rigid structure, was less sensitive to mechanical pressure. The intermittent compressive stress protects the condylar cartilage from excessive damage, which is different from continuous compressive stress. With longer intervals, the cartilage has the potential capability for recovery as the initial state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Oral Science, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Goodacre CJ, Roberts WE, Goldstein G, Wiens JP. Does the Stomatognathic System Adapt to Changes in Occlusion? Best Evidence Consensus Statement. J Prosthodont 2020; 30:5-11. [PMID: 33350537 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to evaluate the existing literature on the stomatognathic system's ability to adapt to occlusal changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search term stomatognathic system was not useful as it resulted in over 400,000 results nor was the search term temporomandibular joint adaptation with 738 results due to the large number of references not related to the topic. The terms stomatognathic system adaptation to occlusal changes (186 results), teeth flexion (139 results), muscle adaptation to dental occlusion (278 results), and occlusal changes and neuroplasticity (11 results) provided the best selection of articles related to the topic. Limiting the above searches to systematic reviews and randomized controlled clinical trials resulted in multiple publications that were related to the question.9-13 Other literature reviews, data-based publications, and expert opinion resources have been included due to their relationship to the question. RESULTS From the extensive list of search results, 242 articles were determined to be potentially related to the focus question and were evaluated with 56 being included in this paper. It was determined that the stomatognathic system adapts to occlusal changes through the temporomandibular joint, muscles, teeth and bone. The dynamically modified periosteum on the articulator surfaces of the condyle and fossa has a unique load-bearing morphology with 3 subarticular layers of fibrocartilage that absorb and dissipate both peak (impact) and sustained loads. Adaptability of the TMJs and muscles can be documented through studies where artificially produced occlusal interferences were placed in patients and those study participants with normal temporomandibular joints (TMJs) adapted fairly well whereas those with a previous history of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) did not adapt as well. CONCLUSIONS Available evidence indicates patients generally adapt to the occlusal change inherent in orthodontic treatment, mandibular advancement surgery, and the use of mandibular advancement devices. The head and neck muscles also adapt to occlusal changes in patients without a history of TMD. The dentition adapts to changes through the bone and periodontal ligaments as well as the ability of teeth to undergo slight flexion under masticatory loading. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Goodacre
- Distinguished Professor, Advanced Education Program in Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - W Eugene Roberts
- Professor Emeritus of Orthodontics, Adjunct Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University & Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Jonathan P Wiens
- Adjunct Clinical Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan
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Yang W, Podyma-Inoue KA, Yonemitsu I, Watari I, Ikeda Y, Guo X, Watabe T, Ono T. Mechanoresponsive and lubricating changes of mandibular condylar cartilage associated with mandibular lateral shift and recovery in the growing rat. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3547-3557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yang J, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Chen J, Yan X, Yuan X. Role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in cartilage and subchondral bone in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis induced by overloaded functional orthopedics in rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:330. [PMID: 32795379 PMCID: PMC7427765 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To (i) use a mandibular advancement appliance in rats to investigate the role of the stromal cell-derived factor/CXC receptor 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) signaling pathway in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) induced by overloaded functional orthopedics (OFO) and (ii) provide a cellular and molecular basis for efficacious treatment of skeletal class-II malocclusion and avoidance of TMJ OA. METHOD Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks) were divided randomly into control + normal saline (NS), EXP + ADM3100 (SDF-1 antagonist), EXP + NS, and control + ADM3100 groups. Changes in articular cartilage and subchondral bone after TMJ OA in these four groups were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunofluorescence double staining (IDS), Safranin-O staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and micro-computed tomography at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. RESULTS OFO led to increased expression of SDF-1, CXCR4, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13 and decreased expression of collagen II. The thickness of the hypertrophic cartilage layer was reduced at 4 weeks in the EXP + NS group, and damage to subchondral bone was observed at 2 weeks. Using ADM3100 to inhibit SDF-1 signaling could attenuate expression of MMP13, cartilage damage, and osteoblast differentiation. IDS showed that the areas of expression of SDF-1 and OSX in subchondral bone overlapped. CONCLUSIONS Overloaded functional orthopedics (OFO) induced TMJ OA. The destruction of subchondral bone in TMJ OA caused by OFO occurred before damage to cartilage. SDF-1/CXCR4 may induce the osteogenic differentiation and cause cartilage degradation in TMJ OA caused by OFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhen Li
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Chen
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Roberts WE, Goodacre CJ. The Temporomandibular Joint: A Critical Review of Life-Support Functions, Development, Articular Surfaces, Biomechanics and Degeneration. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:772-779. [PMID: 32424952 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint is a highly conserved articulation because it promotes survival and propagation via the essential functions of mastication, communication, and routine mating success (dentofacial esthetics). The temporomandibular joint is a unique secondary joint formed between the endochondral temporal bone and the mandibular secondary condylar cartilage via Indian hedgehog and bone morphogenetic protein signaling that is closely related to ear development. A dynamic epigenetic environment is provided by Spry1 and Spry2 genetic induction of the lateral pterygoid and temporalis muscles. Mechanical loading of the condylar periosteum during fetal development produces a superficial layer of fibrocartilage that separates from the condyle to form the interposed temporomandibular joint disc. The articular surfaces of the condyle and fossa are dynamically modified periosteum that has healing and regenerative capability. This unique tissue is composed of a superficial fibrous layer (synovial surface) with an underlying proliferative (cambium) layer that produces a cushioning layer of fibrocartilage which subsequently forms bone. Prior to occlusion of the first primary (deciduous) molars at about 16 months, facial development is dominated by primary genetic mechanisms. After achieving posterior functional occlusion, biomechanics enhances temporomandibular joint maturation, and assumes control of facial growth, development and adaptation. Concurrently, hypothalamus control of musculoskeletal physiology shifts from insulin-like growth factor IGF2 to IGF1, which affects bone via muscular loading (biomechanics). Three layers of temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage are resistant to heavy functional loading, but parafunctional clenching may result in degeneration that is first manifest as trabecular sclerosis of the mandibular condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Eugene Roberts
- Orthodontics and Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University & Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN
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Hassan MG, Kaler H, Zhang B, Cox TC, Young N, Jheon AH. Effects of Multi-Generational Soft Diet Consumption on Mouse Craniofacial Morphology. Front Physiol 2020; 11:783. [PMID: 32754047 PMCID: PMC7367031 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in craniofacial morphology may arise as a result of adaptation to different environmental factors such as soft diet (SD), which lessens functional masticatory load. Prior studies have shown that changes in the masticatory muscle function associated with a switch to short-term SD led to changes in craniofacial morphology and alveolar bone architecture. However, the long-term effects of SD and the associated adaptive changes in craniofacial shape are unclear. Our novel study set out to profile prospective skull changes in mice fed with SDs over multiple generations using three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometric analysis (GMA). Our results revealed that short-term SD consumption led to a significant decrease in craniofacial size, along with numerous shape changes. Long-term SD consumption over 15 continuous generations was not associated with changes in craniofacial size; however, shape analysis revealed mice with shortened crania and mandibles in the anteroposterior dimension, as well as relative widening in the transverse dimension compared to the average shape of all mice analyzed in our study. Moreover, changes in shape and size associated with different functional loads appeared to be independent - shape changes persisted after diets were switched for one generation, whereas size decreased after one generation and then returned to baseline size. Our study is the first to study the role of prolonged, multi-generational SD consumption in the determination of craniofacial size and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G. Hassan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Harjot Kaler
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Andrew H. Jheon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Divisions of Craniofacial Anomalies and Orthodontics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Sperry MM, Yu YH, Kartha S, Ghimire P, Welch RL, Winkelstein BA, Granquist EJ. Intra-articular etanercept attenuates pain and hypoxia from TMJ loading in the rat. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1316-1326. [PMID: 31903618 PMCID: PMC9118642 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical overloading of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and biochemical changes, like inflammation and hypoxia, contribute to cartilage degeneration and pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA). Yet, how overloading contributes to early dysregulation of chondrocytes is not understood, limiting the development of diagnostics and treatments for TMJ OA. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1α/2α in chondrocytes were evaluated at Days 8 and 15 in a rat TMJ pain model induced by jaw loading (1 h/day for 7 days) using immunohistochemistry and compared between cases that induce persistent (3.5 N), acute (2 N), or no (0 N) sensitivity. Hypoxia was measured on Day 8 by immunolabeling of the tracer EF5 and 18 F-EF5 PET imaging. To assess the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in painful TMJ loading, intra-articular etanercept was given before loading. Orofacial sensitivity was evaluated during and after loading. Facial grimace, TNF-α, HIF-2α, and hypoxia levels in the TMJ were measured after loading. HIF-2α was elevated (P = .03) after 3.5 N loading at Day 8, but HIF-1α was unchanged. EF5 uptake increased on Day 8 in the 3.5 N group (P < .048) by tissue assay and 18 F-EF5 PET. At Day 8, both HIF-2α (P = .01) and EF5 uptake (P = .005) were correlated with loading magnitude. Etanercept attenuated sensitivity (P < .01) and the facial grimace on Day 7 (P = .01). It also reduced (P < .01) HIF-2α and EF5 uptake on Day 8; but TNF-α levels were not different from controls at that time. Findings suggest that TMJ loading that induces persistent sensitivity upregulates the catabolic factor HIF-2α and reduces oxygen levels in the cartilage, which may be TNF-driven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya-Hsin Yu
- Department of Endodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
| | - Sonia Kartha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Beth A. Winkelstein
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Eric J. Granquist
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
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Yotsuya M, Iriarte-Diaz J, A Reed D. Temporomandibular Joint Hypofunction Secondary to Unilateral Partial Discectomy Attenuates Degeneration in Murine Mandibular Condylar Cartilage. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2020; 61:9-19. [PMID: 32101827 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2019-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical overloading of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) promotes both the initiation and progression of TMJ osteoarthritis (OA). New preclinical animal models are needed for the evaluation of the molecular basis of cellular load transmission. This would allow a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of TMJ-OA pain and disability, and help identify new therapeutics for its early diagnosis and management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of mechanical loading in the progression of TMJ-OA in surgical instability arising from unilateral partial discectomy (UPD) in a murine model. In the theoretical modelling employed, lower joint reaction forces were observed on the chewing (working) side of the TMJ in the murine craniomandibular musculoskeletal system. Hypofunction was induced secondary to UPD through surgically manipulating the working side using an unopposed molar model. When the working side was restricted to the same side as that on which UPD was performed, late-stage degeneration of the cartilage showed a significant reduction (p<0.05), with diminished fibrillation and erosion of the articular cartilage, cell clustering, and hypocellularity. Condylar remodelling and proteolysis of proteoglycans were less affected. Thus, select and specific late-stage changes in TMJ-OA were contextually linked with the local mechanical environment of the joint. These data underscore the value of the UPD mouse model in studying mechanobiological pathways activated during TMJ-OA, and suggest that therapeutically targeting mechanobiological stimuli is an effective strategy in improving long-term biological, clinical, and patient-based outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Yotsuya
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Tokyo Dental College
| | | | - David A Reed
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
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Zhou P, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yang H, Liu Q, Zhang H, Liu J, Duan J, Lu Y, Wang M. Effects of occlusion modification on the remodelling of degenerative mandibular condylar processes. Oral Dis 2020; 26:597-608. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health Xiangya Stomatological Hospital Xiangya School of Stomatology Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- School of Stomatology Jiamusi University Jiamusi China
| | - Jing Duan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Yanqin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health Xiangya Stomatological Hospital Xiangya School of Stomatology Central South University Changsha China
| | - Mei‐Qing Wang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
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Dutra EH, Yadav S. The effects on the mandibular condyle of Botox injection into the masseter are not transient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 156:193-202. [PMID: 31375229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether the effects on the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and subchondral bone are transient of botulinum neurotoxin (Botox) injection into the masseter muscle. METHODS Botox (0.3 U) was injected into the right masseter of 6-week-old female mice (C57BL/6; n = 16). In addition, 16 mice were used as control and received no injections. Experimental and matching control mice were killed 4 or 8 weeks after the single Botox injection. Mandibles and mandibular condyles were analyzed by means of microscopic computed tomography (microCT) and histology. Sagittal sections of condyles were stained for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), toluidine blue, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. RESULTS Bone volume fraction was significantly decreased on the subchondral bone of the Botox-injected side, compared with the control side and control mice, 4 and 8 weeks after injection. Furthermore, histologic analysis revealed decrease in mineralization, cartilage thickness, TRAP activity, and EdU-positive cells in the MCC of the Botox-injected side 4 and 8 weeks after injection. CONCLUSIONS The effects on the MCC and subchondral bone of Botox injection into the masseter muscle persisted for 8 weeks after injection and were not considered to be transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane H Dutra
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn.
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Alvarez C, Monasterio G, Cavalla F, Córdova LA, Hernández M, Heymann D, Garlet GP, Sorsa T, Pärnänen P, Lee HM, Golub LM, Vernal R, Kantarci A. Osteoimmunology of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Translational Applications Based on Biological Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1664. [PMID: 31379856 PMCID: PMC6657671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The maxillofacial skeleton is highly dynamic and requires a constant equilibrium between the bone resorption and bone formation. The field of osteoimmunology explores the interactions between bone metabolism and the immune response, providing a context to study the complex cellular and molecular networks involved in oro-maxillofacial osteolytic diseases. In this review, we present a framework for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying the immuno-pathobiology in etiologically-diverse diseases that affect the oral and maxillofacial region and share bone destruction as their common clinical outcome. These otherwise different pathologies share similar inflammatory pathways mediated by central cellular players, such as macrophages, T and B cells, that promote the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, ineffective or insufficient bone apposition by osteoblasts, and the continuous production of osteoclastogenic signals by immune and local stromal cells. We also present the potential translational applications of this knowledge based on the biological mechanisms involved in the inflammation-induced bone destruction. Such applications can be the development of immune-based therapies that promote bone healing/regeneration, the identification of host-derived inflammatory/collagenolytic biomarkers as diagnostics tools, the assessment of links between oral and systemic diseases; and the characterization of genetic polymorphisms in immune or bone-related genes that will help diagnosis of susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Alvarez
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Cavalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A. Córdova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, San Jose's Hospital and Clínica Las Condes, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, CRCINA, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Gustavo P. Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pirjo Pärnänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hsi-Ming Lee
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Lorne M. Golub
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Liu Q, Yang H, Duan J, Zhang H, Xie M, Ren H, Zhang M, Zhang J, Lu L, Liu X, Yu S, Wang M. Bilateral anterior elevation prosthesis boosts chondrocytes proliferation in mice mandibular condyle. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1589-1599. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hong‐xu Yang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jing Duan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hong‐yun Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Mian‐jiao Xie
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hao‐tian Ren
- Department of Stomatology, Changhai Hospital The Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiao‐dong Liu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Shi‐bin Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Mei‐qing Wang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and Clinic of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, The Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology of State and the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Puricelli E, Artuzi FE, Ponzoni D, Quevedo AS. Condylotomy to Reverse Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis in Rabbits. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 77:2230-2244. [PMID: 31128080 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is characterized by local tissue degeneration and pain. Treatments have been aimed at reducing symptoms, and only some can interfere with the progression of pathophysiologic changes caused by OA. Condylotomy is an alternative treatment for patients with OA refractory to conventional treatment. The aim of the present animal study was to investigate the influence of condylotomy on TMJ OA in New Zealand rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 36 rabbits were divided into 3 groups: the osteoarthritis group (OG; induced OA), treatment group (TG; induced OA plus condylotomy), and control group (CG; neither OA nor surgery). OA was induced using intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate injection for 40 days. The rabbits in the TG underwent condylotomy and were killed 20, 40, and 60 days after treatment. The rabbits in the CG and OG were killed at the same points. RESULTS The articular joint condition was better in the TG 60 days after surgery (P = .032). A direct comparison revealed regression of TMJ OA over time among the treated rabbits (P = .008). Surgical treatment promoted mandibular condylar remodeling in the TG, reversing the tissue degeneration caused by OA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that condylotomy could be an option for the treatment of OA and prevent damage to TMJ structures. This could be of particular importance for patients without satisfactory responses to more conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edela Puricelli
- Full Professor, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul School of Dentistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ernesto Artuzi
- Surgeon, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Dentistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Deise Ponzoni
- Associate Professor, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Head, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Dentistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Silva Quevedo
- Assistant Professor, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Dentistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Morohoshi T, Ishii T, Ishikawa M, Choi D, Ariizumi D, Morikawa T, Sueishi K. Micro-CT Analysis of Morphological Changes in Mandibles of Growing Rats with Unilateral Occlusal Elevation. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives:
This study investigated the effect of unilateral occlusal elevation in the molar region on facial and mandibular development in growing rats.
Materials and Methods:
Thirty 5-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 10). The control group was allowed to develop naturally until 9 weeks of age. A device fitted on the caused unilateral occlusal elevation at 5 weeks in the removal group. The device was removed at 7 weeks and the rats were observed until 9 weeks. In the continuation group, the same device fitted on the left-side molars caused unilateral occlusal elevation continuously for 9 weeks. All groups underwent craniofacial scanning with three-dimensional micro-computed tomography at 5, 7, and 9 weeks.
Results:
In the removal and continuation groups, the mandible was displaced to the unelevated side. At 7 weeks, both these groups showed greater skeletal growth and molar extrusion on the elevated side, with significant differences between the elevated and unelevated sides. At 9 weeks, there were significant differences in both skeletal and alveolar growth between these groups; the asymmetry ameliorated in the removal group.
Limitations:
We evaluated three-dimensional morphometry by fitting a device to rat molars for a short observation period; thus, future studies are warranted to acquire data following long-term observation.
Conclusion:
Unilateral occlusal elevation during the growth period suppressed molar eruption and extrusion on the elevated and unelevated sides, respectively. The height of the mandibular ramus increased on the elevated side, resulting in asymmetric growth.
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Reed DA, Yotsuya M, Gubareva P, Toth PT, Bertagna A. Two-photon fluorescence and second harmonic generation characterization of extracellular matrix remodeling in post-injury murine temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214072. [PMID: 30897138 PMCID: PMC6428409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
End stage temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is characterized by fibrillations, fissures, clefts, and erosion of the mandibular condylar cartilage. The goal of this study was to define changes in pericellular and interterritorial delineations of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that occur preceding and concurrent with the development of this end stage degeneration in a murine surgical instability model. Two-photon fluorescence (TPF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy was used to evaluate TMJ-OA mediated changes in the ECM. We illustrate that TPF/SHG microscopy reconstructs the three-dimensional network of key fibrillar and micro-fibrillar collagens altered during the progression of TMJ-OA. This method not only generates spatially distinct pericellular and interterritorial delineations of the ECM but distinguishes early and end stage TMJ-OA by signal organization, orientation, and composition. Early stage TMJ-OA at 4- and 8-weeks post-injury is characterized by two structurally distinct regions containing dense, large fiber collagens and superficial, small fiber collagens rich in types I, III, and VI collagen oriented along the mesiodistal axis of the condyle. At 8-weeks post-injury, type VI collagen is locally diminished on the central and medial condyle, but the type I/III rich superficial layer is still present. Twelve- and 16-weeks post-injury mandibular cartilage is characteristic of end-stage disease, with hypocellularity and fibrillations, fissures, and clefts in the articular layer that propagate along the mediolateral axis of the MCC. We hypothesize that the localized depletion of interterritorial and pericellular type VI collagen may signify an early marker for the transition from early to end stage TMJ-OA, influence the injury response of the tissue, and underlie patterns of degeneration that follow attritional modes of failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Reed
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Oral Biology, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Mamoru Yotsuya
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Oral Biology, Chicago, United States of America
- Tokyo Dental College, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Polina Gubareva
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Oral Biology, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Peter T. Toth
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Research Resources Center Imaging Core, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Andrew Bertagna
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Oral Biology, Chicago, United States of America
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