1
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Guo W, Tantillo DJ. Running Wild through Dirhodium Tetracarboxylate-Catalyzed Combined CH(C)-Functionalization/Cope Rearrangement Landscapes: Does Post-Transition-State Dynamic Mismatching Influence Product Distributions? J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7039-7051. [PMID: 38418944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
A special type of C-H functionalization can be achieved through C-H insertion combined with Cope rearrangement (CHCR) in the presence of dirhodium catalysts. This type of reaction was studied using density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, the results of which pointed to the dynamic origins of low yields observed in some experiments. These studies not only reveal intimate details of the complex reaction network underpinning CHCR reactions but also further cement the generality of the importance of nonstatistical dynamic effects in controlling Rh2L4-promoted reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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2
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Hamadouche S, Merouani H, May AA, Ouddai N, Alam M, Micoli L, Erto A, Benguerba Y. Theoretical Exploration of Enhanced Antioxidant Activity in Copper Complexes of Tetrahydroxystilbenes: Insights into Mechanisms and Molecular Interactions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9076-9089. [PMID: 38434904 PMCID: PMC10906065 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
A theoretical investigation was conducted using DFT/PW91/TZP/DMSO calculations on a complete set of exhaustive lists of 18 compounds resulting from the complexation of trans-2,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene (T-OXY) and cis-2,4,1',3'-tetrahydroxystilbene (C-OXY) with copper metal cations (Cu+ and Cu2+). The ligand-binding sites are the critical points of Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) analysis on neutral and deprotonated ligands. Various mechanisms, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET), single electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT), and bond dissociation energy (BDE(E0)) calculations, were employed to quantify the antioxidant activity. The BDE(E0) mechanism emerged as the most suitable approach for such analyses to evaluate the departure of hydrogen atoms since the results show the HAT mechanism is the most likely occurring. Particularly intriguing were the anionic Cu+ complexes with ligands adopting trans configurations and deprotonated conformations, displaying superior antioxidant activity compared to their counterparts. Remarkably, a single ligand within the Cu+ complex exhibited exceptional antioxidant prowess, yielding a BDE(E0) value of 91.47 kcal/mol. Furthermore, a complex involving two deprotonated ligands demonstrated antioxidant activity of 31.12 kcal/mol, signifying its potential as a potent antiradical agent, surpassing T-OXY by a factor of 3.91 and even surpassing the antioxidant efficiency of Vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima Hamadouche
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Matériaux et des Vivants: Activité &
Réactivité (LCMVAR), Université
Batna 1, 5000 Batna, Algeria
| | - Hafida Merouani
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Matériaux et des Vivants: Activité &
Réactivité (LCMVAR), Université
Batna 1, 5000 Batna, Algeria
- Département
de Socle Commun, Faculté de Technologie, Université Ben Boulaid Batna 2, 05078 Batna, Algeria
| | - Abd Alghani May
- Département
de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exacte, Université Frères Mentouri 1, 25017 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nadia Ouddai
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Matériaux et des Vivants: Activité &
Réactivité (LCMVAR), Université
Batna 1, 5000 Batna, Algeria
| | - Manawwer Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Micoli
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II, P.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Erto
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Industriale, Università
di Napoli Federico II, P.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire
de Biopharmacie and Pharmacotechnie (LBPt), Department of Process
Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Ferhat
Abbas Setif 1 University, 19000 Setif, Algeria
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3
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Escayola S, Bahri-Laleh N, Poater A. % VBur index and steric maps: from predictive catalysis to machine learning. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:853-882. [PMID: 38113051 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Steric indices are parameters used in chemistry to describe the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms in molecules. They are important in determining the reactivity, stability, and physical properties of chemical compounds. One commonly used steric index is the steric hindrance, which refers to the obstruction or hindrance of movement in a molecule caused by bulky substituents or functional groups. Steric hindrance can affect the reactivity of a molecule by altering the accessibility of its reactive sites and influencing the geometry of its transition states. Notably, the Tolman cone angle and %VBur are prominent among these indices. Actually, steric effects can also be described using the concept of steric bulk, which refers to the space occupied by a molecule or functional group. Steric bulk can affect the solubility, melting point, boiling point, and viscosity of a substance. Even though electronic indices are more widely used, they have certain drawbacks that might shift preferences towards others. They present a higher computational cost, and often, the weight of electronics in correlation with chemical properties, e.g. binding energies, falls short in comparison to %VBur. However, it is worth noting that this may be because the steric index inherently captures part of the electronic content. Overall, steric indices play an important role in understanding the behaviour of chemical compounds and can be used to predict their reactivity, stability, and physical properties. Predictive chemistry is an approach to chemical research that uses computational methods to anticipate the properties and behaviour of these compounds and reactions, facilitating the design of new compounds and reactivities. Within this domain, predictive catalysis specifically targets the prediction of the performance and behaviour of catalysts. Ultimately, the goal is to identify new catalysts with optimal properties, leading to chemical processes that are both more efficient and sustainable. In this framework, %VBur can be a key metric for deepening our understanding of catalysis, emphasizing predictive catalysis and sustainability. Those latter concepts are needed to direct our efforts toward identifying the optimal catalyst for any reaction, minimizing waste, and reducing experimental efforts while maximizing the efficacy of the computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Escayola
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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4
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Sirignano M, D’Amato A, Costabile C, Mariconda A, Crispini A, Scarpelli F, Longo P. Hydroamination of alkynes catalyzed by NHC-Gold(I) complexes: the non-monotonic effect of substituted arylamines on the catalyst activity. Front Chem 2023; 11:1260726. [PMID: 38124702 PMCID: PMC10731675 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1260726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Imines are valuable key compounds for synthesizing several nitrogen-containing molecules used in biological and industrial fields. They have been obtained, as highly regioselective Markovnikov products, by reacting several alkynes with arylamines in the presence of three new N-Heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes (3b, 4b, and 6b) together with the known 1-2b and 7b gold complexes as well as silver complexes 1-2a. Gold(I) complexes were investigated by means of NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallographic studies. Accurate screening of co-catalysts and solvents led to identifying the best reaction conditions and the most active catalyst (2b) in the model hydroamination of phenylacetylene with aniline. Complex 2b was then tested in the hydroamination of alkynes with a wide variety of arylamines yielding a lower percentage of product when arylamines with both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents were involved. Computational studies on the rate-determining step of hydroamination were conducted to shed light on the significantly different yields observed when reacting arylamines with different substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sirignano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Assunta D’Amato
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Chiara Costabile
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Crispini
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Scarpelli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
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5
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Wang A, Kennepohl P. Catalytic activation via π-backbonding in halogen bonds. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:241-251. [PMID: 37186101 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00140c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of halogen bonding (XB) in chemical catalysis has largely involved using XB donors as Lewis acid activators to modulate the reactivity of partner Lewis bases. We explore a more uncommon scenario, where a Lewis base modulates reactivity via a spectator halogen bond interaction. Our computational studies reveal that spectator halogen bonds may play an important role in modulating the rate of SN2 reactions. Most notably, π acceptors such as PF3 significantly decrease the barrier to substitution by decreasing electron density in the very electron rich transition state. Such π-backbonding represents an example of a heretofore unexplored situation in halogen bonding: the combination of both σ-donation and π-backdonation in this "non-covalent" interaction. The broader implications of this observation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pierre Kennepohl
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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6
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Jabłoński M. Halogen Bond to Experimentally Significant N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (I, IMe 2, I iPr 2, I tBu 2, IPh 2, IMes 2, IDipp 2, IAd 2; I = Imidazol-2-ylidene). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109057. [PMID: 37240403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The subjects of the article are halogen bonds between either XCN or XCCH (X = Cl, Br, I) and the carbene carbon atom in imidazol-2-ylidene (I) or its derivatives (IR2) with experimentally significant and systematically increased R substituents at both nitrogen atoms: methyl = Me, iso-propyl = iPr, tert-butyl = tBu, phenyl = Ph, mesityl = Mes, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl = Dipp, 1-adamantyl = Ad. It is shown that the halogen bond strength increases in the order Cl < Br < I and the XCN molecule forms stronger complexes than XCCH. Of all the carbenes considered, IMes2 forms the strongest and also the shortest halogen bonds with an apogee for complex IMes2⋯ICN for which D0 = 18.71 kcal/mol and dC⋯I = 2.541 Å. In many cases, IDipp2 forms as strong halogen bonds as IMes2. Quite the opposite, although characterized by the greatest nucleophilicity, ItBu2 forms the weakest complexes (and the longest halogen bonds) if X ≠ Cl. While this finding can easily be attributed to the steric hindrance exerted by the highly branched tert-butyl groups, it appears that the presence of the four C-H⋯X hydrogen bonds may also be of importance here. Similar situation occurs in the case of complexes with IAd2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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7
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Härterich M, Matler A, Dewhurst RD, Sachs A, Oppel K, Stoy A, Braunschweig H. A step-for-step main-group replica of the Fischer carbene synthesis at a borylene carbonyl. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2764. [PMID: 37179413 PMCID: PMC10183005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fischer carbene synthesis, involving the conversion of a transition metal (TM)-bound CO ligand to a carbene ligand of the form [=C(OR')R] (R, R' = organyl groups), is one of the seminal reactions in the history of organometallic chemistry. Carbonyl complexes of p-block elements, of the form [E(CO)n] (E = main-group fragment), are much less abundant than their TM cousins; this scarcity and the general instability of low-valent p-block species means that replicating the historical reactions of TM carbonyls is often very difficult. Here we present a step-for-step replica of the Fischer carbene synthesis at a borylene carbonyl involving nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl carbon followed by electrophilic quenching at the resultant acylate oxygen atom. These reactions provide borylene acylates and alkoxy-/silyloxy-substituted alkylideneboranes, main-group analogues of the archetypal transition metal acylate and Fischer carbene families, respectively. When either the incoming electrophile or the boron center has a modest steric profile, the electrophile instead attacks at the boron atom, leading to carbene-stabilized acylboranes - boron analogues of the well-known transition metal acyl complexes. These results constitute faithful main-group replicas of a number of historical organometallic processes and pave the way to further advances in the field of main-group metallomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Härterich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Matler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Sachs
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai Oppel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stoy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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8
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Nature of Beryllium, Magnesium, and Zinc Bonds in Carbene⋯MX 2 (M = Be, Mg, Zn; X = H, Br) Dimers Revealed by the IQA, ETS-NOCV and LED Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314668. [PMID: 36498996 PMCID: PMC9738500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of beryllium−, magnesium− and zinc−carbene bonds in the cyclopropenylidene⋯MX2 (M = Be, Mg, Zn; X = H, Br) and imidazol-2-ylidene⋯MBr2 dimers is investigated by the joint use of the topological QTAIM-based IQA decomposition scheme, the molecular orbital-based ETS-NOCV charge and energy decomposition method, and the LED energy decomposition approach based on the state-of-the-art DLPNO-CCSD(T) method. All these methods show that the C⋯M bond strengthens according to the following order: Zn < Mg << Be. Electrostatics is proved to be the dominant bond component, whereas the orbital component is far less important. It is shown that QTAIM/IQA underestimates electrostatic contribution for zinc bonds with respect to both ETS-NOCV and LED schemes. The σ carbene→MX2 donation appears to be much more important than the MX2→ carbene back-donation of π symmetry. The substitution of hydrogen atoms by bromine (X in MX2) strengthens the metal−carbene bond in all cases. The physical origin of rotational barriers has been unveiled by the ETS-NOCV approach.
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9
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Guo W, Hare SR, Chen SS, Saunders CM, Tantillo DJ. C-H Insertion in Dirhodium Tetracarboxylate-Catalyzed Reactions despite Dynamical Tendencies toward Fragmentation: Implications for Reaction Efficiency and Catalyst Design. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17219-17231. [PMID: 36098581 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rh-catalyzed C-H insertion reactions to form β-lactones suffer from post-transition state bifurcations, with the same transition states leading to ketones and ketenes via fragmentation in addition to β-lactones. In such a circumstance, traditional transition state theory cannot predict product selectivity, so we employed ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to do so and provide a framework for rationalizing the origins of said selectivity. Weak interactions between the catalyst and substrate were studied using energy decomposition and noncovalent interaction analyses, which unmasked an important role of the 2-bromophenyl substituent that has been used in multiple β-lactone-forming C-H insertion reactions. Small and large catalysts were shown to behave differently, with the latter providing a means of overcoming dynamically preferred fragmentation by lowering the barrier for the recombination of the product fragments in the grip of the large catalyst active site cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Stephanie R Hare
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shu-Sen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Carla M Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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10
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Jabłoński M. On the Coexistence of the Carbene⋯H-D Hydrogen Bond and Other Accompanying Interactions in Forty Dimers of N-Heterocyclic-Carbenes (I, IMe 2, I iPr 2, I tBu 2, IMes 2, IDipp 2, IAd 2; I = imidazol-2-ylidene) and Some Fundamental Proton Donors (HF, HCN, H 2O, MeOH, NH 3). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175712. [PMID: 36080481 PMCID: PMC9457876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The subject of research is forty dimers formed by imidazol-2-ylidene (I) or its derivative (IR2) obtained by replacing the hydrogen atoms in both N-H bonds with larger important and popular substituents of increasing complexity (methyl = Me, iso-propyl = iPr, tert-butyl = tBu, phenyl = Ph, mesityl = Mes, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl = Dipp, 1-adamantyl = Ad) and fundamental proton donor (HD) molecules (HF, HCN, H2O, MeOH, NH3). While the main goal is to characterize the generally dominant C⋯H-D hydrogen bond engaging a carbene carbon atom, an equally important issue is the often omitted analysis of the role of accompanying secondary interactions. Despite the often completely different binding possibilities of the considered carbenes, and especially HD molecules, several general trends are found. Namely, for a given carbene, the dissociation energy values of the IR2⋯HD dimers increase in the following order: NH3< H2O < HCN ≤ MeOH ≪ HF. Importantly, it is found that, for a given HD molecule, IDipp2 forms the strongest dimers. This is attributed to the multiplicity of various interactions accompanying the dominant C⋯H-D hydrogen bond. It is shown that substitution of hydrogen atoms in both N-H bonds of the imidazol-2-ylidene molecule by the investigated groups leads to stronger dimers with HF, HCN, H2O or MeOH. The presented results should contribute to increasing the knowledge about the carbene chemistry and the role of intermolecular interactions, including secondary ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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11
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Gorantla SMNVT, Mondal K. The Labile Nature of Air Stable Ni(II)/Ni(0)-phosphine/Olefin Catalysts/Intermediates: EDA-NOCV Analysis. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200572. [PMID: 35927965 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions-based inorganic-organic hybrid composites are often reported acting as good to excellent catalysts with various substrate scopes under milder reaction conditions. The active catalyst of a catalytic cycle is sometimes proposed to be a short-lived reactive intermediate species. A three coordinate (L-Me)Ni(II) intermediate species [L-Me = O 2 N donor dianionic ligand] can bind with short-lived carbene-ester ligands to produce four coordinate Ni(II) species which can act as carbene transfer intermediates under suitable reaction conditions for C-H functionalization or cyclopropanation reactions. The dissociation of phosphine (PPh 3 ) from the Ni(II) centre of (L-Me)Ni(II)(PPh 3 ) ( 1a ) and binding of short lived carbene esters (:CR 1 -CO 2 R 2 ; R 1 = H, Ph; R 2 = aliphatic group; 2-4 and other carbenes; 5-10 ) to Ni(II) rationalize the phenomenon in solution. Air stable Ni(0)-olefin complexes/intermediates ( 12-18 ) have recently been shown to mediate a variety of organic transformations. This analysis will further help organic/organometallic chemists to rationalize the design and synthesis of future catalysts for organic transformation. EDA-NOCV calculations have been performed to shed light on the stability and bonding of those species. Additionally, our analysis provides a proper reason why the analogous (L-Me)Pd-PPh 3 complex ( 1b ) does not dissociate in solution and hence, a similar catalytic product has not been isolated from identical reaction conditions. The stability and the labile nature of Ni(II/0) complexes has been investigated by state-of-the-art EDA-NOCV analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kartik Mondal
- Indiana Institute Of Technology Madras, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, IIT Madras, 600036, Chennai, INDIA
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12
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Abstract
Until the year 2000, gold compounds were considered catalytically inert. Subsequently, it was found that they are able to promote the nucleophilic attack on unsaturated substrates by forming an Au–π-system. The main limitation in the use of these catalytic systems is the ease with which they decompose, which is avoided by stabilization with an ancillary ligand. N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), having interesting s-donor capacities, are able to stabilize the gold complexes (Au (I/III) NHC), favoring the exploration of their catalytic activity. This review reports the state of the art (years 2007–2022) in the nucleophilic addition of amines (hydroamination) and water (hydration) to the terminal and internal alkynes catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene gold (I/III) complexes. These reactions are particularly interesting both because they are environmentally sustainable and because they lead to the production of important intermediates in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. In fact, they have an atom economy of 100%, and lead to the formation of imines and enamines, as well as the formation of ketones and enols, all important scaffolds in the synthesis of bioactive molecules, drugs, heterocycles, polymers, and bulk and fine chemicals.
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13
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Frutos M, Parvin N, Baceiredo A, Madec D, Saffon‐Merceron N, Branchadell V, Kato T. A Silylene Stabilized by a σ‐Donating Nickel(0) Fragment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201932. [PMID: 35510398 PMCID: PMC9400971 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A donor‐stabilized silylene 4 featuring a Ni0‐based donating ligand was synthesized. Complex 4 exhibits a pyramidalized and nucleophilic SiII center and shows a peculiar behavior due to the cooperative reactivity of Si and Ni centers. Calculations indicate that the orientation of Ni‐ligands with respect to the silylene moiety is crucial in determining the role of the Ni‐fragment (Lewis acid or Lewis base) towards silylene. Indeed, a simple 90° rotation of the Si−Ni bond, reverses the role of Ni, and transforms a classical silylene→Ni0 complex into an unprecedented Ni0→silylene complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Frutos
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Nasrina Parvin
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Antoine Baceiredo
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - David Madec
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Nathalie Saffon‐Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (UAR 2599) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Vicenç Branchadell
- Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Tsuyoshi Kato
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
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14
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Frutos M, Parvin N, Baceiredo A, Madec D, Saffon‐Merceron N, Branchadell V, Kato T. A Silylene Stabilized by a σ‐Donating Nickel(0) Fragment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Frutos
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Nasrina Parvin
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Antoine Baceiredo
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - David Madec
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Nathalie Saffon‐Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (UAR 2599) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Vicenç Branchadell
- Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Tsuyoshi Kato
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
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15
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Alcaide MM, Sánchez P, Álvarez E, Maya C, López-Serrano J, Peloso R. Electrophilic activation of alkynes promoted by a cationic alkylidene complex of Pt(II). Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5777-5781. [PMID: 35352740 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00811d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pt(II) alkylidene 1a has been reacted with terminal alkynes to afford ylide complexes 3a-d, resulting from electrophilic activation of the CC bond and its insertion into the platinacyclic fragment of 1a that contains the carbene functionality. DFT calculations indicate that the observed regioselectivity is determined by the nucleophilic attack of the alkyne to the alkylidene carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M Alcaide
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Práxedes Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Riccardo Peloso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Quíḿica Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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16
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Patra SG, Jha R, Mondal H, Chattaraj PK. Fischer and Schrock carbene complexes in the light of global and local electrophilicity‐based descriptors. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruchi Jha
- Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India
| | - Himangshu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai India
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17
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Aghazada S, Munz D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Meyer K. A Crystalline Iron Terminal Methylidene. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17219-17225. [PMID: 34613738 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iron methylidene species are alleged intermediates in the Fischer-Tropsch process and in olefin cyclopropanation, yet iron methylidene complexes with unambiguously established molecular and electronic structures remain elusive. In this study, we characterize an iron terminal methylidene complex by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (scXRD), CHN combustion elemental analysis, 1H/13C/31P/1H-13C NMR, and zero-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and study its reactivity. A series of closely related complexes in different oxidation states were synthesized, isolated and characterized in order to validate the electronic structure of the title methylidene complex. The computational analysis substantiates the proposed Fischer-type electronic description while emphasizing high Fe═CH2 bond covalency, considerable double bond order, and thus, substantial alkylidene character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadig Aghazada
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University, Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Gorantla SMNVT, Parameswaran P, Mondal KC. Stabilization of group 14 elements E = C, Si, Ge by hetero-bileptic ligands cAAC, MCO n with push-pull mechanism. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:1159-1177. [PMID: 33856693 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The stability and bonding of a series of hetero-diatomic molecules with general formula (cAAC)EM(CO)n , where cAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene; E = group 14 elements (C, Si, and Ge); M = transition metal (Ni, Fe, and Cr) have been studied by quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) and energy decomposition analysis-natural orbital chemical valence (EDA-NOCV). The equilibrium geometries were calculated at the BP86/def2-TZVPP level of theory. The tri-coordinated group 14 complex (1a, 4a, and 7a) in which one of the CO groups is migrated to the central group 14 element from adjacent metal is theoretically found to be more stable when the central atom (E) is carbon. On the other hand, the two-coordinate group 14 element containing metal-complexes (2, 5, 8, 3, 6, and 9) are found to be more stable with their corresponding heavier analogues. The electronic structures of all the molecules have been analyzed by molecular orbital, topological analysis of electron density and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis at the M06/def2-TZVPP//BP86/def2-TZVPP level of theory. The nature of the cAACE and EM bonds has been studied by EDA-NOCV calculations at BP86-D3(BJ)/TZ2P level of theory. The EDA analysis suggests that the bonding of cAACC(CO) can be best represented by electron sharing σ and π interactions, whereas, C(CO)M(CO)n-1 by dative σ and π interactions. On the other hand, EDA-NOCV calculations suggests both dative σ and π interactions for cAACE and EM(CO)n bonds of the corresponding Si and Ge analogues having stronger σ- and relatively weaker π-bonds. The topological analysis of electron density supports the closed-shell interaction for the Si and Ge complexes and open-shell interaction for the carbon complexes. The calculated proton affinity and hydride affinity values corroborated well with the present bonding description. This class of complexes might act as efficient future catalysts for different organic transformations due to the presence of electron rich group 14 element and metal carbonyl.
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19
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Patra SG, Das NK. Recent advancement on the mechanism of olefin metathesis by Grubbs catalysts: A computational perspective. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Specklin D, Coffinet A, Vendier L, del Rosal I, Dinoi C, Simonneau A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Comparative Theoretical Investigation of Dinitrogen-Bridged Group 6-Gold Heterobimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5545-5562. [PMID: 33724789 PMCID: PMC8058778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared and characterized a series of unprecedented group 6-group 11, N2-bridged, heterobimetallic [ML4(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)Au(NHC)]+ complexes (M = Mo, W, L2 = diphosphine) by treatment of trans-[ML4(N2)2] with a cationic gold(I) complex [Au(NHC)]+. The adducts are very labile in solution and in the solid, especially in the case of molybdenum, and decomposition pathways are likely initiated by electron transfers from the zerovalent group 6 atom to gold. Spectroscopic and structural parameters point to the fact that the gold adducts are very similar to Lewis pairs formed out of strong main-group Lewis acids (LA) and low-valent, end-on dinitrogen complexes, with a bent M-N-N-Au motif. To verify how far the analogy goes, we computed the electronic structures of [W(depe)2(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)AuNHC]+ (10W+) and [W(depe)2(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)B(C6F5)3] (11W). A careful analysis of the frontier orbitals of both compounds shows that a filled orbital resulting from the combination of the π* orbital of the bridging N2 with a d orbital of the group 6 metal overlaps in 10W+ with an empty sd hybrid orbital at gold, whereas in 11W with an sp3 hybrid orbital at boron. The bent N-N-LA arrangement maximizes these interactions, providing a similar level of N2 "push-pull" activation in the two compounds. In the gold case, the HOMO-2 orbital is further delocalized to the empty carbenic p orbital, and an NBO analysis suggests an important electrostatic component in the μ-N2-[Au(NHC)]+ bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Specklin
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Anaïs Coffinet
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Iker del Rosal
- LPCNO,
CNRS, and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- LPCNO,
CNRS, and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Simonneau
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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21
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Jabłoński M. Study of Beryllium, Magnesium, and Spodium Bonds to Carbenes and Carbodiphosphoranes. Molecules 2021; 26:2275. [PMID: 33920004 PMCID: PMC8071025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to present results of theoretical study on the properties of C⋯M bonds, where C is either a carbene or carbodiphosphorane carbon atom and M is an acidic center of MX2 (M = Be, Mg, Zn). Due to the rarity of theoretical data regarding the C⋯Zn bond (i.e., the zinc bond), the main focus is placed on comparing the characteristics of this interaction with C⋯Be (beryllium bond) and C⋯Mg (magnesium bond). For this purpose, theoretical studies (ωB97X-D/6-311++G(2df,2p)) have been performed for a large group of dimers formed by MX2 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, Me) and either a carbene ((NH2)2C, imidazol-2-ylidene, imidazolidin-2-ylidene, tetrahydropyrymid-2-ylidene, cyclopropenylidene) or carbodiphosphorane ((PH3)2C, (NH3)2C) molecule. The investigated dimers are characterized by a very strong charge transfer effect from either the carbene or carbodiphosphorane molecule to the MX2 one. This may even be over six times as strong as in the water dimer. According to the QTAIM and NCI method, the zinc bond is not very different than the beryllium bond, with both featuring a significant covalent contribution. However, the zinc bond should be definitely stronger if delocalization index is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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22
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Huang M, Li Y, Lan XB, Liu J, Zhao C, Liu Y, Ke Z. Ruthenium(II) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene-phosphine ligands for the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3451-3461. [PMID: 33899900 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00362c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal hydride complexes are key intermediates for N-alkylation of amines with alcohols by the borrowing hydrogen/hydrogen autotransfer (BH/HA) strategy. Reactivity tuning of metal hydride complexes could adjust the dehydrogenation of alcohols and the hydrogenation of imines. Herein we report ruthenium(ii) complexes with hetero-bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-phosphine ligands, which realize smart pathway selection in the N-alkylated reaction via reactivity tuning of [Ru-H] species by hetero-bidentate ligands. In particular, complex 6cb with a phenyl wingtip group and BArF- counter anion, is shown to be one of the most efficient pre-catalysts for this transformation (temperature is as low as 70 °C, neat conditions and catalyst loading is as low as 0.25 mol%). A large variety of (hetero)aromatic amines and primary alcohols were efficiently converted into mono-N-alkylated amines in good to excellent isolated yields. Notably, aliphatic amines, challenging methanol and diamines could also be transformed into the desired products. Detailed control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide insights to understand the mechanism and the smart pathway selection via [Ru-H] species in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Huang
- Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of clinical pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China. and School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
| | - Yinwu Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Lan
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
| | - Jiahao Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
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23
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Guzmán J, Bernal AM, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Polo V, Fernández-Alvarez FJ. 2-Pyridone-stabilized iridium silylene/silyl complexes: structure and QTAIM analysis. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17665-17673. [PMID: 33232415 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03326j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iridium(iii) complexes of the general formula [Ir(X)(κ2-NSiiPr2)2] (NSiiPr2 = (4-methyl-pyridine-2-yloxy)diisopropylsilyl; X = Cl, 3; CF3SO3, 5; CF3CO2, 6) have been prepared and fully characterized, including X-ray diffraction studies and theoretical calculations. The presence of isopropyl substituents at the silicon atom favours the monomeric structure found in complexes 3 and 5. The short Ir-Si bond distances (2.25-2.28 Å) indicate some degree of base-stabilized silylene character of the Ir-Si bond in 3, 5 and 6 assisted by the 2-pyridone moiety. However, the shortening of these Ir-Si bonds might be a consequence of the constrained 2-pyridone geometry, and consequently the silyl character of these bonds can not be excluded. A DFT theoretical study on the nature of the Ir-Si bonds has been performed for complex 3 as well as for four other iridium complexes finding representative examples of different bonding situations between Ir and Si atoms: silylene, base-assisted silylene (both with an anionic base and with a neutral base), and silyl bonds, using the topological properties of the electron charge density. The results of these studies show that the Ir-Si bonds in Ir-NSiiPr2 complexes can be considered as an intermediate between the base-stabilized silylene and silyl cases, and therefore they have been proposed as 2-pyridone-stabilized iridium silylene/silyl bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Guzmán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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24
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Zhao L, Chai C, Petz W, Frenking G. Carbones and Carbon Atom as Ligands in Transition Metal Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214943. [PMID: 33114580 PMCID: PMC7663554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes experimental and theoretical studies of transition metal complexes with two types of novel metal-carbon bonds. One type features complexes with carbones CL2 as ligands, where the carbon(0) atom has two electron lone pairs which engage in double (σ and π) donation to the metal atom [M]⇇CL2. The second part of this review reports complexes which have a neutral carbon atom C as ligand. Carbido complexes with naked carbon atoms may be considered as endpoint of the series [M]-CR3 → [M]-CR2 → [M]-CR → [M]-C. This review includes some work on uranium and cerium complexes, but it does not present a complete coverage of actinide and lanthanide complexes with carbone or carbide ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Chaoqun Chai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Wolfgang Petz
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.C.)
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (G.F.)
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25
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Krahfuß MJ, Nitsch J, Bickelhaupt FM, Marder TB, Radius U. N-Heterocyclic Silylenes as Ligands in Transition Metal Carbonyl Chemistry: Nature of Their Bonding and Supposed Innocence. Chemistry 2020; 26:11276-11292. [PMID: 32233000 PMCID: PMC7497151 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A study on the reactivity of the N-heterocyclic silylene Dipp2 NHSi (1,3-bis(diisopropylphenyl)-1,3-diaza-2-silacyclopent-4-en-2-yliden) with the transition metal complexes [Ni(CO)4 ], [M(CO)6 ] (M=Cr, Mo, W), [Mn(CO)5 (Br)] and [(η5 -C5 H5 )Fe(CO)2 (I)] is reported. We demonstrate that N-heterocyclic silylenes, the higher homologues of the now ubiquitous NHC ligands, show a remarkably different behavior in coordination chemistry compared to NHC ligands. Calculations on the electronic features of these ligands revealed significant differences in the frontier orbital region which lead to some peculiarities of the coordination chemistry of silylenes, as demonstrated by the synthesis of the dinuclear, NHSi-bridged complex [{Ni(CO)2 (μ-Dipp2 NHSi)}2 ] (2), complexes [M(CO)5 (Dipp2 NHSi)] (M=Cr 3, Mo 4, W 5), [Mn(CO)3 (Dipp2 NHSi)2 (Br)] (9) and [(η5 -C5 H5 )Fe(CO)2 (Dipp2 NHSi-I)] (10). DFT calculations on several model systems [Ni(L)], [Ni(CO)3 (L)], and [W(CO)5 (L)] (L=NHC, NHSi) reveal that carbenes are typically the much better donor ligands with a larger intrinsic strength of the metal-ligand bond. The decrease going from the carbene to the silylene ligand is mainly caused by favorable electrostatic contributions for the NHC ligand to the total bond strength, whereas the orbital interactions were often found to be higher for the silylene complexes. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the contribution of σ- and π-interaction depends significantly on the system under investigation. The σ-interaction is often much weaker for the NHSi ligand compared to NHC but, interestingly, the π-interaction prevails for many NHSi complexes. For the carbonyl complexes, the NHSi ligand is the better σ-donor ligand, and contributions of π-symmetry play only a minor role for the NHC and NHSi co-ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam J. Krahfuß
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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26
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Brunecker C, Müssig JH, Arrowsmith M, Fantuzzi F, Stoy A, Böhnke J, Hofmann A, Bertermann R, Engels B, Braunschweig H. Boranediyl- and Diborane(4)-1,2-diyl-Bridged Platinum A-Frame Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8518-8523. [PMID: 32196775 PMCID: PMC7384048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diplatinum A-frame complexes with a bridging (di)boron unit in the apex position were synthesized in a single step by the double oxidative addition of dihalo(di)borane precursors at a bis(diphosphine)-bridged Pt0 2 complex. While structurally analogous to well-known μ-borylene complexes, in which delocalized dative three-center-two-electron M-B-M bonding prevails, theoretical investigations into the nature of Pt-B bonding in these A-frame complexes show them to be rare dimetalla(di)boranes displaying two electron-sharing Pt-B σ-bonds. This is experimentally reflected in the low kinetic stability of these compounds, which are prone to loss of the (di)boron bridgehead unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Brunecker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jonas H. Müssig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Andreas Stoy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Julian Böhnke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität WüzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Gimferrer M, Salvador P, Poater A. Computational Monitoring of Oxidation States in Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martí Gimferrer
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pedro Salvador
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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Sorbelli D, Nunes dos Santos Comprido L, Knizia G, Hashmi ASK, Belpassi L, Belanzoni P, Klein JEMN. Cationic Gold(I) Diarylallenylidene Complexes: Bonding Features and Ligand Effects. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1671-1679. [PMID: 31039277 PMCID: PMC6617728 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Using computational approaches, we qualitatively and quantitatively assess the bonding components of a series of experimentally characterized Au(I) diarylallenylidene complexes (N.Kim, R.A.Widenhoefer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 4722-4726). Our results clearly demonstrate that Au(I) engages only weakly in π-backbonding, which is, however, a tunable bonding component. Computationally identified trends in bonding are clearly correlated with the substitution patterns of the aryl substituents in the Au(I) diarylallenylidene complexes and good agreement is found with the previously reported experimental data, such as IR spectra, 13 C NMR chemical shifts and rates of decomposition together with their corresponding barrier heights, further substantiating the computational findings. The description of the bonding patterns in these complexes allow predictions of their spectroscopic features, their reactivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sorbelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto 806123PerugiaItaly
| | - Laura Nunes dos Santos Comprido
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningen, TheNetherlands
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Gerald Knizia
- Department of ChemistryPennsylvania State University401A Chemistry Bldg; University ParkPA 16802USA
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugiavia Elce di Sotto 8Perugia06123Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto 806123PerugiaItaly
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugiavia Elce di Sotto 8Perugia06123Italy
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningen, TheNetherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryNicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 7‐Gagarina St. Toruń 87‐100 Poland
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Zhang J, Shan C, Zhang T, Song J, Liu T, Lan Y. Computational advances aiding mechanistic understanding of silver-catalyzed carbene/nitrene/silylene transfer reactions. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
Ligands, especially phosphines and carbenes, can play a key role in modifying and controlling homogeneous organometallic catalysts, and they often provide a convenient approach to fine-tuning the performance of known catalysts. The measurable outcomes of such catalyst modifications (yields, rates, selectivity) can be set into context by establishing their relationship to steric and electronic descriptors of ligand properties, and such models can guide the discovery, optimization, and design of catalysts. In this review we present a survey of calculated ligand descriptors, with a particular focus on homogeneous organometallic catalysis. A range of different approaches to calculating steric and electronic parameters are set out and compared, and we have collected descriptors for a range of representative ligand sets, including 30 monodentate phosphorus(III) donor ligands, 23 bidentate P,P-donor ligands, and 30 carbenes, with a view to providing a useful resource for analysis to practitioners. In addition, several case studies of applications of such descriptors, covering both maps and models, have been reviewed, illustrating how descriptor-led studies of catalysis can inform experiments and highlighting good practice for model comparison and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Durand
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| | - Natalie Fey
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
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Sedghi A, Bayat M, Sabounchei SJ, Khodabandehloo M. A comparison of donor–acceptor interactions of N-heterocyclic carbenes and sulfonium ylides in coordination with coinage metal ions. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Škoch K, Císařová I, Uhlík F, Štěpnička P. Comparing the reactivity of isomeric phosphinoferrocene nitrile and isocyanide in Pd(ii) complexes: synthesis of simple coordination compounds vs. preparation of P-chelated insertion products and Fischer-type carbenes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16082-16101. [PMID: 30303211 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03564d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Isomeric phosphinoferrocene ligands, viz. 1'-(diphenylphosphino)-1-cyanoferrocene (1) and 1'-(diphenylphosphino)-1-isocyanoferrocene (2), show markedly different coordination behaviours. For instance, the reactions of 1 with [PdCl2(MeCN)2] and [(LNC)Pd(μ-Cl)]2 (LNC = [2-(dimethylamino-κN)methyl]phenyl-κC1) produced the "phosphine" complexes [PdCl2(1-κP)2] (7) and [(LNC)PdCl(1-κP)] (8), and the latter was converted into the coordination polymer [(LNC)Pd(μ(P,N)-1)][SbF6] (9). Conversely, the reaction of 2 with [(LNC)Pd(μ-Cl)]2 involved coordination of the phosphine moiety and simultaneous insertion of the isocyanide group into the Pd-C bond, giving rise to the P,η1-imidoyl complex [PdCl(Ph2PfcN[double bond, length as m-dash]CC6H4CH2NMe2-κ3C,N,P)] (10; fc = ferrocene-1,1'-diyl). Compound 10 was further transformed into the Fischer carbene [PdCl(Ph2PfcN(Me)CC6H4CH2NMe2-κ3P,C,N)][BF4] (11) by methylation with [Me3O][BF4]. The reactions of 2 with Pd-Me and Pd(η3-allyl) precursors also led to imidoyl complexes [Pd(μ-Cl)(Ph2PfcN[double bond, length as m-dash]CR-κ2C,P)]2 (R = Me: 12, R = allyl: 15), which were cleaved with PPh3 into the corresponding monopalladium complexes [PdCl(PPh3)(Ph2PfcN[double bond, length as m-dash]CR-κ2C,P)] (R = Me: 13, R = allyl: 16). The treatment of 12 and 15 with thallium(i) acetylacetonate (acac) produced [Pd(acac-O,O')(Ph2PfcN[double bond, length as m-dash]CR-κ2C,P)] (R = Me: 17, R = allyl: 18). Through proton transfer, these complexes reacted with Ph2PCH2CO2H, ultimately producing bis-chelate complexes [Pd(Ph2PCH2CO2-κ2O,P)(Ph2PfcN[double bond, length as m-dash]CR)] (R = Me: 19, R = prop-1-enyl (sic!): 20). In addition, compound 13 was converted into the P-chelated carbene [PdCl(PPh3)(Ph2PfcN(Me)CMe-κ2C,P)][BF4] (14). Compounds 10, 11, 13 and 14 were studied by cyclic voltammetry and by DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Gehrke S, Reckien W, Palazzo I, Welton T, Hollóczki O. On the Carbene-Like Reactions of Imidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids: Can Theory and Experiments Agree? European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Werner Reckien
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
| | - Ivan Palazzo
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; 2AZ London, SW7 UK
| | - Tom Welton
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; 2AZ London, SW7 UK
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
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Adamovich V, Bajo S, Boudreault PLT, Esteruelas MA, López AM, Martín J, Oliván M, Oñate E, Palacios AU, San-Torcuato A, Tsai JY, Xia C. Preparation of Tris-Heteroleptic Iridium(III) Complexes Containing a Cyclometalated Aryl-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10744-10760. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Adamovich
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
| | - Sonia Bajo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jaime Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Adrián U. Palacios
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ainhoa San-Torcuato
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jui-Yi Tsai
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
| | - Chuanjun Xia
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
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Weidman JD, Estep ML, Schaefer HF. Prototypical Transition-Metal Carbenes, (CO)5Cr═CH2, (CO)4Fe═CH2, (CO)3Ni═CH2, (CO)5Mo═CH2, (CO)4Ru═CH2, (CO)3Pd═CH2, (CO)5W═CH2, (CO)4Os═CH2, and (CO)3Pt═CH2: Challenge to Experiment. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6570-6577. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared D. Weidman
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Marissa L. Estep
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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40
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Munarriz J, Velez E, Casado MA, Polo V. Understanding the reaction mechanism of the oxidative addition of ammonia by (PXP)Ir(i) complexes: the role of the X group. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:1105-1113. [PMID: 29238771 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of the electronic rearrangements for the oxidative addition of ammonia to a set of five representative (PXP)Ir pincer complexes (X = B, CH, O, N, SiH) is performed. We aim to understand the factors controlling the activation and reaction energies of this process by combining different theoretical strategies based on DFT calculations. Interestingly, complexes featuring higher activation barriers yield more exothermic reactions. The analysis of the reaction path using the bonding evolution theory shows that the main chemical events, N-H bond cleavage and Ir-H bond formation, take place before the transition structure is reached. Metal oxidation implies an electron density transfer from non-shared Ir pairs to the Ir-N bond. This decrement in the atomic charge of the metal provokes different effects in the ionic contribution of the Ir-X bonding depending on the nature of the X atom as shown by the interacting quantum atoms methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Munarriz
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de los Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
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41
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Theoretical aspect of the bonding in bis-chelate thiosemicarbazones nickel (II) complexes: A DFT study. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yuan H, Nuligonda T, Gao H, Tung CH, Xu Z. Copper-catalyzed carbene insertion into the sulfur–sulfur bond of benzenesulfonothioate. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo01131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented copper-catalyzed intermolecular sulfur–sulfur bond insertion between aryldiazoacetates and benzenesulfonothioate has been successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yuan
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Thirupathi Nuligonda
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyin Gao
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghu Xu
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
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43
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Anjali BA, Suresh CH. Electronic effect of ligands vs. reduction potentials of Fischer carbene complexes of chromium: a molecular electrostatic potential analysis. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular electrostatic potential at the chromium centre (VCr) emerges as a powerful predictor of reduction potential (E0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Amutha Anjali
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Trivandrum 695019
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Trivandrum 695019
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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Rao C, Mai S, Song Q. Rh(ii)/phosphine-cocatalyzed synthesis of dithioketal derivatives from diazo compounds through simultaneous construction of two different C–S bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5964-5967. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium(ii)/phosphine-cocatalyzed bis-sulfuration of α-diazocarbonyl compounds using thiosulfonates as the sulfenylating agent, which provided two sulfur-containing moieties, was developed via simultaneous inter- and intra-molecular C–S bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Rao
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering and College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- P. R. China
| | - Shaoyu Mai
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering and College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering and College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- P. R. China
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45
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Exploring the regioselectivity in the cycloaddition of azides to alkynes catalyzed by dinuclear copper clusters (Cu2AAC reaction) using the topologies of ∇2 ρ (r) and ∇∇2 ρ (r). J Mol Model 2017; 23:337. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Petz W, Andrada DM, Hermann M, Frenking G, Neumüller B. A C2Fragment as Four-Electron σ Donor. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Petz
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Diego M. Andrada
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Markus Hermann
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC); P. K. 1072 20080 Donostia Euskadi Spain
| | - Bernhard Neumüller
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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48
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Tsipis AC. RETRACTED: DFT challenge of intermetallic interactions: From metallophilicity and metallaromaticity to sextuple bonding. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Nunes dos Santos Comprido L, Klein JEMN, Knizia G, Kästner J, Hashmi ASK. On the Accessible Reaction Channels of Vinyl Gold(I) Species: π- and σ-Pathways. Chemistry 2017; 23:10901-10905. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant St SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Gerald Knizia
- Department of Chemistry; Pennsylvania State University; 401A Chemistry Bldg University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Papp T, Kollár L, Kégl T. Theoretical insights into the nature of PtSn bond: Reevaluating the bonding/back-bonding properties of trichlorostannate with comparison to the cyano ligand. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:1712-1726. [PMID: 28488281 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The coordinating properties of the trichlorostannate ligand in hydrido platinum trichlorostannato and platinum bis-trichlorostannato complexes, containing various phosphine ligands, have been elucidated by means of charge decomposition analysis, the Ziegler-Rauk Energy Decomposition with the Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence, Domain-Averaged Fermi Hole, and natural bond orbital methods. Trichlorostannate has been found to be a strong σ-donor and a weak π-acceptor ligand with coordination properties not far from those of the cyano ligand. For back-bonding, the tin-chlorine σ∗ orbitals are mostly responsible. In contrast to previous assumptions, the 5d orbitals of tin play no role at all in the interaction with the platinum center. QTAIM calculations suggest, that the platinum-tin interaction should be interpreted as donor-acceptor, rather than covalent type. Trichlorostannate has been found to have weaker trans influence in comparison to the cyano ligand. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Papp
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs and MTA-PTE Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kégl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs and MTA-PTE Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses, Pécs, Hungary
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