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Mirhosseini H, Maayeshi N, Hooshmandi H, Moradkhani S, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the brain mapping and behavioral performance of children with ADHD: a double-blinded randomized controlled trials. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:566-576. [PMID: 37489917 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2233752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the common neurodevelopmental diseases that are accompanied with EEG pattern changes and Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Neurofeedback provides a feedback signal to alleviate brain wave abnormalities and offers an alternative therapy for ADHD. This study aimed to investigate the concomitant effects of Vitamin D3 supplementation and Neurofeedback on children with ADHD. METHOD This study was implemented on children with an established diagnosis of ADHD who received multisession Neurofeedback therapy. The intervention and control groups received 50000 IU vitamin D3 capsules and placebo respectively once a week for 2 months. The background rhythm was measured using quantitative EEG both before and at the end duration of the therapy. RESULTS All of the vitamin D3 treated children showed a significant increase in the 25(OH)D (46 ± 18, 28 ± 10 (ng/ml), p = 0.001) and serum calcium level (9.5 ± 0.5, 9.8 ± 0.3 (mg/dl), p = 0.003) compared to the baseline. There were a statistically significant decrease in the treatment group about theta relative power, theta/beta, and theta/alpha power ratios within two eyes conditions (p = 0.004). All the changes were significant within eye open state in the treatment group (2.4 ± 1.2, 1.7 ± 0.5, p = 0.01). There is a significant relationship between Connors scores and some brain waves improvement (in relative theta (r = 0.998) and theta-to-beta power difference score (r = 0.56) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Concomitant use of vitamin D3 supplementation and neurofeedback, increases the serum level of this vitamin and reveal favorable electrophysiological results in children with ADHD.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials identifier: IRCT20200922048802N1..
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mirhosseini
- Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Najmeh Maayeshi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hadis Hooshmandi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shadi Moradkhani
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Mao Y, Li X, Li Y, Zhu S, Han X, Zhao R, Geng Y. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with depression: A cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:10-18. [PMID: 38341158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists on the relationship between vitamin D status and mortality in depressed patients. METHODS This study investigates serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in 8417 adults with depression among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018). Mortality outcomes were assessed through National Death Index records up to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional risk models estimated risk ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. Restricted cubic spline analyses explored the nonlinear association of serum 25(OH)D levels with mortality, using the likelihood ratio test for nonlinearity. RESULTS The weighted mean serum 25(OH)D level was 66.40 nmol/L (95 % CI: 65.8, 67.0), with 36.3 % having deficient vitamin D (<50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL]). Over an average 7.16-year follow-up, 935 deaths were documented, including 296 CVD deaths and 191 cancer deaths. Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HRs 0.55-1.00, p trend = 0.006) and cancer-specific mortality (HRs 0.36-1.00, p trend = 0.015) after multivariate adjustment. The relationship between serum 25(OH)D and all-cause mortality exhibited a nonlinear pattern (P for nonlinearity <0.001), with a 34 % lower risk for each unit increase in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D levels. Significant interactions were observed with age, antidepressant use, and diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with decreased all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in depressed adults, particularly among younger individuals and those using antidepressants or without diabetes. Further research is essential to understand mechanisms and interventions related to vitamin D in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Yulan Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Manca A, Mula J, Palermiti A, Vischia F, Cori DD, Venturello S, Emanuelli G, Maiese D, Antonucci M, Nicolò AD, Vivo EDD, Cusato J, D'Avolio A. Vitamin D impact in affecting clozapine plasma exposure: A potential contribution of seasonality. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115103. [PMID: 37413901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia affects approximately 24 million people worldwide and clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic drug. Nevertheless, its use in therapy is limited due to adverse effects.Therapeutic drug monitoring is a clinical tool useful to reduce the clozapine toxicity. In the literature, papers showed how psychiatric disorders could be associated with low vitamin D levels, but a few studies focusing on its role in affecting clozapine exposure are available. A TDM repository was analyzed: clozapine and vitamin D levels measured with liquid chromatography were considered. 1261 samples obtained from 228 individuals were evaluated: 624 patients (49.5%) showed clozapine plasma levels in therapeutic range (350-600 ng/mL). Clozapine toxic plasma levels (>1000 ng/mL) were more present in winter (p = 0.025), compared to other seasons. Concerning vitamin D, a sub-analysis of 859 samples was performed: 326 (37.81%) were deficient ( ng/mL), 490 (57.12%) had insufficient concentrations (10-30 ng/mL), while 43 (5.02%) had sufficient (>30 ng/mL) levels. A correlation between vitamin D and clozapine plasma levels (p = 0.007, Pearson coefficient=0.093) was observed. The role of seasonal variation in clozapine plasma exposure in psychiatric patients treated with clozapine was suggested. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed in order to clarify these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Manca
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Jacopo Mula
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy; CoQua Lab s.r.l, Italy
| | - Alice Palermiti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy.
| | - Flavio Vischia
- Department of Mental Health-Psychiatric Unit West, 10149 Turin, Italy
| | - David De Cori
- Department of Mental Health-Psychiatric Unit West, 10149 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Venturello
- Department of Mental Health-Psychiatric Unit East, Day Service S.G. Bosco, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Emanuelli
- Department of Mental Health-Psychiatric Unit East, S.G. Bosco, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenico Maiese
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Antonucci
- SCDU Infectious Diseases, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Città di Torino 10149 Italy
| | - Amedeo De Nicolò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Delia De Vivo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Jessica Cusato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Avolio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
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Hinata A, Kitamura K, Watanabe Y, Kabasawa K, Saito T, Takahashi A, Takachi R, Kobayashi R, Oshiki R, Iki M, Tsugane S, Sasaki A, Watanabe K, Nakamura K. Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling Japanese people aged between 40 and 74 years: The Murakami cohort study. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:48-54. [PMID: 36603603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association between vitamin D levels and the occurrence of depression are not always consistent. The present cohort study aimed to determine this association in older adults, using a method for measuring vitamin D levels which is more accurate than those used in previous studies. METHODS Participants were 3447 individuals aged 40-74 years without depressive symptoms at baseline who participated in the 5-year follow-up survey. The baseline investigation, including a self-administered questionnaire survey and blood collection, was conducted in 2011-2013. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured, and divided into overall quartiles summed up by sub-quartiles and stratified by age, sex, and season. The outcome was depressive symptoms determined by the CES-D (11-item, cut-off score of 6/7) 5 years later. Covariates were demographics, lifestyles, baseline CES-D score, and disease history. RESULTS Mean plasma 25(OH)D levels were 58.0 nmol/L in men and 45.7 in women (P < 0.0001), and cumulative incidences of depressive symptoms were 249/1577 (15.8 %) in men and 313/1870 (16.7 %) in women (P = 0.4526). The lower 25(OH)D quartile group had higher adjusted ORs in men and women combined (P for trend = 0.0107) and women (P for trend = 0.0003), but not in men. Adjusted ORs of the lowest quartile group were significantly higher than the highest group in men and women combined (OR = 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.81) and women (OR = 1.89, 95 % CI: 1.31-2.72). LIMITATION Depressive symptoms were self-reported. CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin D levels were associated with a high risk of depressive symptoms, especially in women. Women are thus considered a major target for preventing vitamin D deficiency to address depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Hinata
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaori Kitamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yumi Watanabe
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keiko Kabasawa
- Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiko Saito
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akemi Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryosaku Kobayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rieko Oshiki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iki
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kei Watanabe
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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Yao Y, Shi S, Li W, Luo B, Yang Y, Li M, Zhang L, Yuan X, Zhou X, Liu H, Zhang K. Seasonality of hospitalization for schizophrenia and mood disorders: A single-center cross-sectional study in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:40-45. [PMID: 36436764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal patterns exist in many disorders and even serve as potential drivers of some disorders, but in schizophrenia and affective disorders, there is no uniform conclusion on the seasonal pattern. METHODS A total of 100,621 inpatients were surveyed in this study over 16 years, and 21,668 inpatients were ultimately included in the count after standard exclusion criteria were applied. RESULTS There was an uneven seasonal distribution of mental illness admissions (χ2 = 48.299, df = 18, P < .001). The peak of schizophrenia admissions occurred in the winter and the trough in the spring (52.6 % vs 50 %, P < .05). The peaks for depression and bipolar disorder were in the fall and spring, respectively, while the troughs were in the winter and fall, respectively (24.7 % vs 21.7 %, P < .05; 15.2 % vs 13.2 %, P < .05). Admissions for childhood mood disorders peaked in the fall (P < .05). We also found that the length of stay was also correlated with the season of admission, and that this seasonal fluctuation was not consistent across male and female populations. LIMITATIONS To avoid the effect of repeated hospitalizations, we maintained a registry of each patient's first admission only, which also resulted in our inability to explore the seasonal pattern of each disease recurrence at the individual level. CONCLUSIONS We found that the seasonal distribution of psychiatric admissions was not uniform. And there was also an uneven seasonal distribution of length of stay for patients admitted in different seasons. This may imply that certain environmental factors that vary with the seasons are potential drivers of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitan Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Shengya Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Wenfei Li
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Bei Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Mengdie Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China.
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Xie F, Huang T, Lou D, Fu R, Ni C, Hong J, Ruan L. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence and prognosis of depression: An updated meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials. Front Public Health 2022; 10:903547. [PMID: 35979473 PMCID: PMC9376678 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.903547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There have been several controversies about the correlation between vitamin D and depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and the incidence and prognosis of depression and to analyze the latent effects of subgroups including population and supplement strategy. Methods A systematic search for articles before July 2021 in databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence and prognosis of depression. Results This meta-analysis included 29 studies with 4,504 participants, indicating that the use of vitamin D was beneficial to a decline in the incidence of depression (SMD: −0.23) and improvement of depression treatment (SMD: −0.92). Subgroup analysis revealed that people with low vitamin D levels (<50 nmol/L) and females could notably benefit from vitamin D in both prevention and treatment of depression. The effects of vitamin D with a daily supplementary dose of >2,800 IU and intervention duration of ≥8 weeks were considered significant in both prevention and treatment analyses. Intervention duration ≤8 weeks was recognized as effective in the treatment group. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that vitamin D has a beneficial impact on both the incidence and the prognosis of depression. Whether suffering from depression or not, individuals with low vitamin D levels, dose >2,800 IU, intervention duration ≥8 weeks, and all females are most likely to benefit from vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Tongmin Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandi Lou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoxiong Ni
- Department of Nephrology, QingChun Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaze Hong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyan Ruan
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Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk Factors Related to Acute Psychiatric Relapses in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Preliminary Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080973. [PMID: 35892414 PMCID: PMC9329760 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that vitamin (Vit) D deficiency is frequent in psychiatric patients, regardless of diagnostic category. We aimed to assess whether acute psychiatric relapses in inpatients was associated with Vit D deficiency compared to stabilized outpatients. The cohort (152 total patients, 75 males and 77 females) had a mean age of 47.3 ± 14.4 years at admission and was grouped according to psychiatric diagnosis. Psychopathological symptom severity was assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), a multidimensional symptom inventory. Total calcium serum levels were measured using standard laboratory methods, while plasma levels of 25-OH-Vit D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured by automated chemiluminescence immunoassays. The psychiatric inpatient subgroup showed a significant difference in serum levels of 25-OH-Vit D and PTH (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis between serum levels of 25-OH-Vit D and BPRS total and subitem scores indicated a significantly negative relationship. In addition, linear regression analysis evidenced that the inpatient condition might predict low PTH and 25-OH-Vit D serum levels. Hospitalized psychiatric patients are at increased risk for Vit D deficiency regardless of their diagnostic categories. The mechanism underlying the association between acute psychiatric relapses and Vit D deficiency remains unclear. Therefore, screening for Vit D deficiency should pertain to the health assessment of patients with major psychiatric disorders.
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Al-Sabah R, Al-Taiar A, Shaban L, Albatineh AN, Sharaf Alddin R, Durgampudi PK. Vitamin D level in relation to depression symptoms during adolescence. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022; 16:53. [PMID: 35761369 PMCID: PMC9238117 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depression symptoms among adolescents in Kuwait, a country with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. METHODS A school based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 704 adolescents in middle schools. Data on depression symptoms were collected using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Data on covariates were collected from the parents by self-administered questionnaire and from adolescents by face-to-face interview. Blood samples were analyzed in an accredited laboratory; and 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Of 704 adolescents, 94 (13.35%; 95%CI:10.35-17.06%) had depression symptom (a score of 19 or more on the CDI). There was no significant difference in the median CDI score between different vitamin D status (p = 0.366). There was also no significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and CDI score (Spearman's rank correlation = 0.01; p = 0.825).There was no significant association between 25(OH)D and depression symptoms whether 25(OH)D was fitted as a continuous variable (crude odds ratio (OR) 0 .99 [95%CI: 0.98, 1.01], p = 0.458 and adjusted OR 1.01 [95%CI: 0.99, 1.02], p = 0.233), categorical variable as per acceptable cut-of points (crude analysis p = 0.376 and adjusted analysis p = 0.736), or categorical variable as quartiles (crude analysis p = 0.760 and adjusted analysis p = 0.549). CONCLUSION Vitamin D status does not seem to be associated with depression symptoms among adolescents in our setting. Nevertheless, it is important to have sufficient vitamin D levels during adolescence for several other health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Al-Sabah
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Abdullah Al-Taiar
- School of Community & Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4608 Hampton Blvd, 3136 Health Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA.
| | - Lemia Shaban
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed N. Albatineh
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Reem Sharaf Alddin
- grid.255414.30000 0001 2182 3733CONRAD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, United States
| | - Praveen K. Durgampudi
- grid.261368.80000 0001 2164 3177School of Community & Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4608 Hampton Blvd, 3136 Health Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
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Saha A, Kumar G, Pradhan S, Dash G, Viswanatha R, Konstantatos G. Visible-Blind ZnMgO Colloidal Quantum Dot Downconverters Expand Silicon CMOS Sensors Spectral Coverage into Ultraviolet and Enable UV-Band Discrimination. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109498. [PMID: 35014093 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selective spectral detection of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is highly important across numerous fields from health and safety to industrial and environmental monitoring applications. Herein, a nontoxic, visible-blind, quantum dot (QD)-based sensing scheme that expands the spectral coverage of silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors into the UV, enabling efficient UV detection without affecting the sensor performance in the visible and UV-band discrimination, is reported. This scheme uses zinc magnesium oxide (ZnMgO) QDs with compositionally tunable absorption across UV and high photoluminescence quantum yield in the visible. The efficient luminescence and large Stokes shift of these QDs are exploited herein to act as an efficient downconverting material that enhances the UV sensitivity of Si-photodetectors (Si-PDs). A Si-PD integrated with the QDs results in a ninefold improvement in photoresponsivity from 0.83 to 7.5 mA W-1 at 260 nm. Leveraging the tunability of these QDs, a simple UV-band identification scheme is further reported, which uses two distinct-bandgap ZnMgO QDs stacked in a tandem architecture whose spectral emission color depends on the UV-band excitation light. The downconverting stack enables facile discrimination of UV light using a standard CMOS image sensor (camera) or by the naked eye and avoids the use of complex optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Saha
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Santanu Pradhan
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Gauttam Dash
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Ranjani Viswanatha
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Gerasimos Konstantatos
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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Sanlier N, Guney-Coskun M. Vitamin D, the immune system, and its relationship with diseases. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2022; 70:39. [PMCID: PMC9573796 DOI: 10.1186/s43054-022-00135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is classified as an immunomodulatory hormone that is synthesized because of skin exposure to sunlight. It is known to come into play during the regulation of hormone secretion, immune functions, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Its deficiency can cause many diseases and their associated pleiotropic effects. In addition, in relation to its eminent function as regards adaptive immune response and innate immune response, vitamin D level is associated with immune tolerance. Methods Literature search prior to May 2021 was conducted through selected websites, including the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and EFSA. Results Vitamin D is found effective for the regulation of hormone secretion, immune functions, and cell proliferation along with differentiation. Its role as an immune modulator is based on the presence of receptors on many immune cells and the synthesis of its active metabolite from these cells. Vitamin D, an immune system modulator, inhibits cell proliferation and stimulates cell differentiation. A fair number of immune system diseases, encompassing autoimmune disorders alongside infectious diseases, can occur because of low serum vitamin D levels. Supplementation of vitamin D has positive effects in lessening the severity nature of disease activity; there exists no consensus on the dose to be used. Conclusion It is figured out that a higher number of randomized controlled trials are essential to evaluate efficacy pertaining to clinical cases, treatment duration, type, and dose of supplementation and pathophysiology of diseases, immune system functioning, and the effect of vitamin D to be administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Sanlier
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Science, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, 06050 Turkey
| | - Merve Guney-Coskun
- grid.411781.a0000 0004 0471 9346Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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van den Berg KS, Marijnissen RM, van den Brink RH, Oude Voshaar RC, Hegeman JM. Adverse health outcomes in vitamin D supplementation trials for depression: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101442. [PMID: 34390851 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a universal risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Since depression is consistently associated with low vitamin D levels as well as several adverse health outcomes, vitamin D supplementation may be especially relevant for depressed persons. This review examines the potential benefits of vitamin D for (somatic) health outcomes in randomised controlled supplementation trials for depression. METHOD Systematic literature search to assess whether adverse health outcomes, such as frailty, falls, or cognitive functioning, were included in vitamin D supplementation trials for depression, and whether these outcomes were affected by supplementation. The revised Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials was used. RESULTS Thirty-one trials were included. Adverse health outcomes were considered in five studies. Two studies reported some beneficial effect on an adverse health outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS While depressed persons are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency, supplementation trials hardly addressed the common negative health consequences of low vitamin D levels as secondary outcome measures. Well-designed trials of the effects of vitamin D supplementation in late-life depression should explore whether adverse health outcomes can be prevented or stabilised, and whether depression benefits from this improvement.
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12
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Bach A, Fleischer H, Wijayawardena B, Thurow K. Optimization of Automated Sample Preparation for Vitamin D Determination on a Biomek i7 Workstation. SLAS Technol 2021; 26:615-629. [PMID: 34282678 DOI: 10.1177/24726303211030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D belongs to the fat-soluble vitamins and is an integral part of bone metabolism. In the human body, a decreased vitamin D level can be an additional risk factor for diseases like cancer, diabetes, and mental diseases. As a result, an enormous increase in the demand for vitamin D testing has been observed in recent years, increasing the demand for powerful methods for vitamin D determination at the same time.Automation is the key factor in increasing sample throughput. This study compares three fully automated sample preparation methods for the determination of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 in plasma and serum samples. Starting from a semiautomated reference method, the method is tested manually and subsequently fully automated on the Biomek i7 Workstation by integrating a centrifuge and a positive pressure extractor into the workstation. Alternatively, the centrifugation for the separation of protein aggregates and supernatant is replaced by a filter plate. Finally, the sample throughput is further increased by using phospholipid removal cartridges. The results show that phospholipid removal significantly increases the recovery rates in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. With the phospholipid removal cartridges, recovery rates of 97.36% for 25(OH)D2 and 102.5% for 25(OH)D3 were achieved, whereas with the automated classic automated preparation method, the recovery rates were 83.31% for 25(OH)D2 and 86.54% for 25(OH)D3. In addition to the technical evaluation, the different methods were also examined with regard to their economic efficiency. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative performance of the developed methods is benchmarked with a selected semiautomatic reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bach
- Center for Life Science Automation, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Heidi Fleischer
- Institute of Automation, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Thurow
- Center for Life Science Automation, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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13
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Marazziti D, Parra E, Palermo S, Barberi FM, Buccianelli B, Ricciardulli S, Cappelli A, Mucci F, Dell'Osso L. Vitamin D: A Pleiotropic Hormone with Possible Psychotropic Activities. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3843-3864. [PMID: 33302828 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666201210104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the recognition of the efficacy of cod-liver oil in rickets at the end of the eighteenth century, and the isolation and synthesis of the liposoluble vitamin D in 1931, its mode of actions and functions were deeply explored. Biochemical studies permitted to identify five forms of vitamin D, called D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, differing in ultrastructural conformation and origin, with vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol) representing the active forms. In the last decades especially, a constantly increasing bulk of data highlighted how vitamin D could regulate several activities and processes. AIMS The aim of the present paper was to review and comment on the literature on vitamin D, with a focus on its possible role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. DISCUSSION Available literature indicates that vitamin D regulates a variety of processes in humans and in the central nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an enhanced pro-inflammatory state, and formation of Aβ oligomers that might contribute to the cognitive decline typical of the elderly age and, perhaps, dementia. More in general, vitamin D is supposed to play a crucial role in neuroinflammation processes that are currently hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of different psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders and psychosis. CONCLUSION It is conceivable that vitamin D supplementation might pave the way towards "natural" treatments of a broad range of neuropsychiatric disorders, or at least be useful to boost response to psychotropic drugs in resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Parra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Barberi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Buccianelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardulli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Mucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
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14
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Exploring the Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cognitive Functions and Mental Health Status in Subjects Under Methadone Maintenance Treatment. J Addict Med 2021; 14:18-25. [PMID: 31145174 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D deficiency may be linked to several mental complications including cognitive deficits, depression, and anxiety in patients under methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study was designed to explore the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive functions and mental health parameters in subjects under MMT. METHODS This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out among 64 patients under MMT. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements (n = 32) or placebo (n = 32) every 2 weeks for 24 weeks. Cognitive functions and mental health parameters were taken at baseline and posttreatment to evaluate relevant variables. RESULTS After the 24-week intervention, compared with the placebo, serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels significantly increased in participants who received vitamin D supplements (β 14.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.17-15.83; P < 0.001). In addition, compared with the placebo, subjects who received vitamin D had a significant reduction in Iowa Gambling Task (β -6.25; 95% CI, -8.60 to -3.90; P < 0.001), and significant increases in Verbal Fluency Test (β 2.82; 95% CI, 0.78-4.86; P = 0.007), Immediate Logic Memory (β 1. 32; 95% CI, 0.27-2.37; P = 0.01), Reverse Digit Span (β 2.06; 95% CI, 1.18-2.94; P < 0.001) and visual working memory (β 0.75; 95% CI, 0.33-1.16; P = 0.001). Also, vitamin D supplementation significantly improved BDI (β -2.76; 95% CI, -3.97 to -1.55; P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. When we applied Bonferroni correction, LM-Immediate (P = 0.07) became nonsignificant, and other mental health parameters did not alter. CONCLUSIONS Overall, taking 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements every 2 weeks for 24 weeks by patients under MMT had beneficial effects on cognitive functions and some mental health parameters. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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15
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"Shedding Light on Light": A Review on the Effects on Mental Health of Exposure to Optical Radiation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041670. [PMID: 33572423 PMCID: PMC7916252 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In relation to human health and functioning, light, or more specifically optical radiation, plays many roles, beyond allowing vision. These may be summarized as: regulation of circadian rhythms; consequences of direct exposure to the skin; and more indirect effects on well-being and functioning, also related to lifestyle and contact with natural and urban environments. Impact on mental health is relevant for any of these specifications and supports a clinical use of this knowledge for the treatment of psychiatric conditions, such as depression or anxiety, somatic symptom disorder, and others, with reference to light therapy in particular. The scope of this narrative review is to provide a summary of recent findings and evidence on the regulating functions of light on human beings’ biology, with a specific focus on mental health, its prevention and care.
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16
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Kim J. Networks and near-field communication: up-close but far away. Digit Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818914-6.00019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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17
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Abboud M, Rizk R, AlAnouti F, Papandreou D, Haidar S, Mahboub N. The Health Effects of Vitamin D and Probiotic Co-Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010111. [PMID: 33396898 PMCID: PMC7824176 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of synergic health effects of co-supplementation with vitamin D and probiotics is emerging. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA statement, scientific databases and the grey literature were searched, and a narrative review and risk of bias assessment were conducted. Seven randomized controlled trials were included, which had low risk of bias. Six studies were double-blind, and once single-blind, extended over 6–12 weeks, and included 50–105 participants. Conditions explored included schizophrenia, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, osteopenia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and infantile colic. Supplementation frequency was daily or bi-monthly, with mainly vitamin D3, and Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus. Comparators were placebo, vitamin D, lower vitamin D dose, and probiotics and lower vitamin D dose. The co-supplementation yielded greater health benefits than its comparators did in all studies except in one assessing IBS. Beneficial effects included decreased disease severity, improved mental health, metabolic parameters, mainly insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and antioxidative capacity, and lower use of healthcare. Co-supplementation of vitamin D and probiotics generated greater health benefits than its comparators did. More studies in other diseases and various populations are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the optimal form, composition, and frequency of this co-supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abboud
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rana Rizk
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie (INSPECT-Lb), Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Fatme AlAnouti
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Suzan Haidar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut 657314, Lebanon; (S.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Nadine Mahboub
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut 657314, Lebanon; (S.H.); (N.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 GT Maastricht, The Netherlands
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18
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Whittock AL, Turner MAP, Coxon DJL, Woolley JM, Horbury MD, Stavros VG. Reinvestigating the Photoprotection Properties of a Mycosporine Amino Acid Motif. Front Chem 2020; 8:574038. [PMID: 33102444 PMCID: PMC7546825 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.574038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing concern regarding commercially available ultraviolet (UV) filters damaging the environment, there is an urgent need to discover new UV filters. A family of molecules called mycosporines and mycosporine-like amino acids (referred to as MAAs collectively) are synthesized by cyanobacteria, fungi and algae and act as the natural UV filters for these organisms. Mycosporines are formed of a cyclohexenone core structure while mycosporine-like amino acids are formed of a cyclohexenimine core structure. To better understand the photoprotection properties of MAAs, we implement a bottom-up approach by first studying a simple analog of an MAA, 3-aminocyclohex-2-en-1-one (ACyO). Previous experimental studies on ACyO using transient electronic absorption spectroscopy (TEAS) suggest that upon photoexcitation, ACyO becomes trapped in the minimum of an S1 state, which persists for extended time delays (>2.5 ns). However, these studies were unable to establish the extent of electronic ground state recovery of ACyO within 2.5 ns due to experimental constraints. In the present studies, we have implemented transient vibrational absorption spectroscopy (as well as complementary TEAS) with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory to establish the extent of electronic ground state recovery of ACyO within this time window. We show that by 1.8 ns, there is >75% electronic ground state recovery of ACyO, with the remaining percentage likely persisting in the electronic excited state. Long-term irradiation studies on ACyO have shown that a small percentage degrades after 2 h of irradiation, plausibly due to some of the aforementioned trapped ACyO going on to form a photoproduct. Collectively, these studies imply that a base building block of MAAs already displays characteristics of an effective UV filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Whittock
- Analytical Science Centre for Doctoral Training, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A P Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Molecular Analytical Science Centre for Doctoral Training, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J L Coxon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Diamond Science and Technology Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jack M Woolley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D Horbury
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Vasilios G Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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19
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Abiola TT, Whittock AL, Stavros VG. Unravelling the Photoprotective Mechanisms of Nature-Inspired Ultraviolet Filters Using Ultrafast Spectroscopy. Molecules 2020; 25:E3945. [PMID: 32872380 PMCID: PMC7504748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several drawbacks with the current commercially available ultraviolet (UV) filters used in sunscreen formulations, namely deleterious human and ecotoxic effects. As a result of the drawbacks, a current research interest is in identifying and designing new UV filters. One approach that has been explored in recent years is to use nature as inspiration, which is the focus of this review. Both plants and microorganisms have adapted to synthesize their own photoprotective molecules to guard their DNA from potentially harmful UV radiation. The relaxation mechanism of a molecule after it has been photoexcited can be unravelled by several techniques, the ones of most interest for this review being ultrafast spectroscopy and computational methods. Within the literature, both techniques have been implemented on plant-, and microbial-inspired UV filters to better understand their photoprotective roles in nature. This review aims to explore these findings for both families of nature-inspired UV filters in the hope of guiding the future design of sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope T. Abiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (T.T.A.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Abigail L. Whittock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (T.T.A.); (A.L.W.)
- AS CDT, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Vasilios G. Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (T.T.A.); (A.L.W.)
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20
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van der Leeuw C, de Witte LD, Stellinga A, van der Ley C, Bruggeman R, Kahn RS, van Os J, Marcelis M. Vitamin D concentration and psychotic disorder: associations with disease status, clinical variables and urbanicity. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1680-1686. [PMID: 31327333 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between schizophrenia and decreased vitamin D levels is well documented. Low maternal and postnatal vitamin D levels suggest a possible etiological mechanism. Alternatively, vitamin D deficiency in patients with schizophrenia is presumably (also) the result of disease-related factors or demographic risk factors such as urbanicity. METHODS In a study population of 347 patients with psychotic disorder and 282 controls, group differences in vitamin D concentration were examined. Within the patient group, associations between vitamin D, symptom levels and clinical variables were analyzed. Group × urbanicity interactions in the model of vitamin D concentration were examined. Both current urbanicity and urbanicity at birth were assessed. RESULTS Vitamin D concentrations were significantly lower in patients (B = -8.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) -13.68 to -2.42; p = 0.005). In patients, higher vitamin D concentration was associated with lower positive (B = -0.02; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.00; p = 0.049) and negative symptom levels (B = -0.03; 95% CI -0.05 to -0.01; p = 0.008). Group differences were moderated by urbanicity at birth (χ2 = 6.76 and p = 0.001), but not by current urbanicity (χ2 = 1.50 and p = 0.224). Urbanicity at birth was negatively associated with vitamin D concentration in patients (B = -5.11; 95% CI -9.41 to -0.81; p = 0.020), but not in controls (B = 0.72; 95% CI -4.02 to 5.46; p = 0.765). CONCLUSIONS Lower vitamin D levels in patients with psychotic disorder may in part reflect the effect of psychosis risk mediated by early environmental adversity. The data also suggest that lower vitamin D and psychopathology may be related through direct or indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C van der Leeuw
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Mondriaan, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - L D de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Stellinga
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - C van der Ley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R Bruggeman
- University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J van Os
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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21
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Cheng YC, Huang YC, Huang WL. The effect of vitamin D supplement on negative emotions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety 2020; 37:549-564. [PMID: 32365423 DOI: 10.1002/da.23025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The several meta-analyses of the effect of vitamin D on depression have produced inconsistent results and studies dealing with anxiety were not incorporated. There has been no comprehensive analysis of how results are affected by the nature of the sample or the dosage and duration of supplementation. The study is aimed to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces negative emotions and to analyze the possible influence of sample and regimen. METHOD We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of vitamin D and placebo on negative emotion. Databases were searched for relevant articles published before February 2019. RESULTS The analysis covered 25 trials with a total of 7,534 participants and revealed an effect of vitamin D on negative emotion (Hedges' g = -0.4990, 95% CI [-0.8453, -0.1528], p = .0047, I2 = 97.7%). Subgroup analysis showed that vitamin D had an effect on patients with major depressive disorder and on subjects with serum 25(OH)D levels ≤50 nmol/L. The pooled data from trials of vitamin D supplementation lasting ≥8 weeks and dosage ≤4,000 IU/day indicated that vitamin D had an effect. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation can reduce negative emotions. Patients with major depressive disorder and individuals with vitamin D deficiency are most likely to benefit from supplementation. But to interpret the results with high heterogeneity should still be cautious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chih Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Taoyuan Psychiatric Centre, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Big Data and Meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lieh Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Grudet C, Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH, Malm J, Reus VI, Brundin L, Nier BM, Dhabhar FS, Hough CM, Westrin Å, Lindqvist D. Vitamin D and inflammation in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 267:33-41. [PMID: 32063570 PMCID: PMC10662683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased inflammation is reported in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), which may be more pronounced in suicidal subjects. Vitamin D deficiency may drive this pro-inflammatory state due to vitamin D's anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS We quantified plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and other inflammatory indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cell count (WBC) in 48 un-medicated MDD subjects (n = 17 with mild-to-moderate suicidal ideation [SI]) and 54 controls. IL-6 and TNF-α were combined into a composite inflammation score. RESULTS There were no significant differences in 25(OH)D levels between MDD and controls (p = 0.24) or between MDD with and without SI (p = 0.61). However, 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with all measured inflammatory markers; these correlations were stronger in MDD subjects, and particularly in those with SI. MDD status significantly moderated the relationships between 25(OH)D and NLR (p = 0.03), and 25(OH)D and WBC (p < 0.05), and SI significantly moderated the relationship between 25(OH)D and NLR (p = 0.03). LIMITATIONS The study was cross-sectional, thereby limiting causal inference, and had a small sample size. Only seventeen of the MDD subjects had SI. CONCLUSION While 25(OH)D levels did not significantly differ in MDD vs. controls, or in MDD with or without SI, lower 25(OH)D was associated with indices of immune activation in MDD, especially in cases with SI. Although our findings do not address causality, they are consistent with findings that relatively low 25(OH)D levels in MDD are associated with a pro-inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Grudet
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences/ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of OB/GYN and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Johan Malm
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section for Clinical Chemistry, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Victor I Reus
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences/ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lena Brundin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brenton M Nier
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences/ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Firdaus S Dhabhar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Christina M Hough
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences/ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Åsa Westrin
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden; Office of Psychiatry and Habilitation, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindqvist
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden; Weill Institute for Neurosciences/ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA; Office of Psychiatry and Habilitation, Region Skåne, Sweden.
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Li M, Ferreira S, Smith TA. Temperature and self-reported mental health in the United States. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230316. [PMID: 32210473 PMCID: PMC7094821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study estimates the association between temperature and self-reported mental health. We match individual-level mental health data for over three million Americans between 1993 and 2010 to historical daily weather information. We exploit the random fluctuations in temperature over time within counties to identify its effect on a 30-day measure of self-reported mental health. Compared to the temperature range of 60-70°F, cooler days in the past month reduce the probability of reporting days of bad mental health while hotter days increase this probability. We also find a salience effect: cooler days have an immediate effect, whereas hotter days tend to matter most after about 10 days. Using our estimates, we calculate the willingness to pay to avoid an additional hot day in terms of its impact on self-reported mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Susana Ferreira
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Travis A. Smith
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
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24
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Mirzavandi F, Babaie S, Rahimpour S, Razmpoosh E, Talenezhad N, Aghaei Zarch SM, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. The effect of high dose of intramuscular vitamin D supplement injections on depression in patients with type 2 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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25
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Holt EL, Stavros VG. Applications of ultrafast spectroscopy to sunscreen development, from first principles to complex mixtures. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2019.1663062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Holt
- Molecular Analytical Science Centre for Doctoral Training, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Toledo A, Karppinen T, Miettinen ME, Leppäluoto J, Vuolteenaho O, Ylianttila L, Kautiainen H, Snellman E, Partonen T. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB UV-B) exposures improve mood in healthy individuals differently depending on chronotype. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1570-1580. [PMID: 31530241 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1661424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The evening chronotype is associated with psychological symptoms such as depressed mood, while skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may affect mood and behavior through neural and humoral routes. This pilot study aimed to investigate the impact of whole-body narrow-band (NB) UV-B exposure on current mood state and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cortisol and β-endorphin (β-END) levels in healthy participants. Here, eleven healthy women received full-body NB UV-B exposures on four afternoons, and the chronotype was assessed with a shortened version of Horne and Östberg's Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Perceived mood was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and serum 25(OH)D3, IL-6, cortisol and β-END concentrations were monitored daily. Decreasing VAS values showed mood to improve significantly over the five days after the four suberythematous NB UV-B exposures (p = .038), and the more the circadian preference was inclined toward eveningness, the greater the improvement in the mood dimension of wellbeing (p = .021). Baseline mood state was correlated with baseline 25(OH)D3 (r = -0.54, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.09) and with baseline cortisol (r = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.87 to -0.04). During the NB UV-B exposures, 25(OH)D3 increased significantly, as expected, and IL-6 declined significantly by -0.35 (95% CI: -0.69 to -0.07) pg/mL from the initial values of 1.12 ± 0.66 pg/mL (p = .025). In conclusion, in our pilot study, NB UV-B exposure improved mood, especially among those with evening preference for their daily activities, as well as circulating 25(OH)D3 levels, whereas circulating IL-6 levels decreased. Abbreviations: UVR: Ultraviolet radiation; NB UV-B: narrow-band UV-B; VAS: Visual Analogue Scales; β-END: β-endorphin; IL-6: Interleukin-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Toledo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Toni Karppinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Maija E Miettinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | | | - Lasse Ylianttila
- STUK - Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,Unit of Primary Health Care, Kuopio University Hospital , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Erna Snellman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Timo Partonen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) , Helsinki , Finland
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de Oliveira C, Hirani V, Biddulph JP. Associations Between Vitamin D Levels and Depressive Symptoms in Later Life: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1377-1382. [PMID: 28977344 PMCID: PMC6132123 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A possible role of vitamin D in depression has received considerable attention, especially given the significant disability, mortality, and healthcare costs associated to depression and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Methods We investigated the cross-sectional associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and depressive symptoms (CES-D) in 5,607 older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Results Overall, there was a significant association between low 25OHD levels and elevated depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–2.07 for the lowest quartile; OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.15–1.83 for <30 nmol/L cut-off and OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.10–1.62 for the ≤50 nmol/L cut-off) after adjustment for a wide range of covariates of clinical significance. Fully adjusted models showed that women in the lowest (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.20–2.34) and second lowest (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.20–2.35) quartiles of 25OHD as well as those with 25OHD levels <30 nmol/L (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.06–1.86) and ≤50 nmol/L (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.07–1.72) were more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms. For men, however, this association only remained significant for those with 25OHD levels of <30 nmol/L (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.06–2.42) in the fully adjusted models. Conclusions The independent and inverse association found between low 25OHD levels and elevated depressive symptoms suggests that vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for late-life depression, particularly among women. Whether our findings have any clinical meaning or not, additional data are needed from well-designed randomized controlled trials of vitamin D for the prevention and treatment of late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), University College London (UCL), UK
| | - Vasant Hirani
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane P Biddulph
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), University College London (UCL), UK
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Vitamin D deficiency in a psychiatric population and correlation between vitamin D and CRP. L'ENCEPHALE 2019; 45:376-383. [PMID: 30885444 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of the study was to assess 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in a psychiatric population in France according to psychiatric diagnoses. The secondary objective was to investigate a correlation between 25(OH)D and CRP. METHODS A retrospective study from February 1st, 2014 to January 31, 2016, was carried out in a French psychiatric hospital. Inpatients with a 25(OH)D measure were included. Variables including ethnic origin, BMI, psychiatric diagnoses, medical history and CRP were collected. Factors associated with 25(OH)D and CRP were studied in univariate and multivariate analyses, as was the correlation between 25(OH)D and CRP. RESULTS Among 604 patients included, 80.6% presented 25(OH)D deficiency of which 46.9% with 25(OH)D<50nmol/L. 25(OH)D varied with age, ethnic origin, BMI, season, CRP and medical history. It was associated with schizophrenia in univariate analysis but not in multivariate analyses considering age and BMI. CRP varied with age, BMI and medical conditions but not with psychiatric diagnoses. 25(OH)D was inversely correlated with CRP. CONCLUSION This psychiatric population was significantly more deficient in 25(OH)D than the French population in general. 25(OH)D was inversely correlated with CRP as observed in the general population.
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Öztürk DK, Baki B, Karayücel İ, Öztürk R, Gören GU, Karayücel S. Determination of Seasonal Vitamin and Mineral Contents of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L., 1758) Cultured in Net Cages in Central Black Sea Region. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:517-525. [PMID: 29754284 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the seasonal vitamin and mineral contents of sea bream (Sparus aurata) cultured in net cages in Central Black Sea region. The average seasonal A, D3, and E vitamins values in fish meat were between 0.27 ± 0.02-0.60 ± 0.00, 0.98 ± 0.01-1.70 ± 0.00, and 3.10 ± 0.14-6.00 ± 0.21 mg/kg, respectively (p < 0.05). The average seasonal Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, Zn, and Se values in fish meat were between 276.90 ± 0.99-1788.50 ± 51.27 (p < 0.05), 3.50 ± 0.12-4.47 ± 0.18 (p > 0.05), 4244.50 ± 8.84-4761.50 ± 1.06 (p < 0.05), 251.55 ± 2.55-312.65 ± 11.42 (p < 0.05), 56.49 ± 0.04-128.75 ± 0.18 (p < 0.05), 2234.50 ± 15.20-2619.00 ± 7.07 (p < 0.05), 5.62 ± 0.10-15.30 ± 0.22 (p < 0.05), and 0.30 ± 0.00-0.38 ± 0.01 mg/kg (p > 0.05), respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that sea bream cultured in the Central Black Sea region is a rich source of nutrients in terms of vitamins and mineral matters, and fish size, feed quality, and the environmental factors are influential on the contents of vitamin and mineral substances in the fish tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Kaya Öztürk
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Department of Aquaculture, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey.
| | - Birol Baki
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Department of Aquaculture, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - İsmihan Karayücel
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Department of Aquaculture, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Recep Öztürk
- Sagun Aquaculture, Fisheries Ind. Tra. Lmt. Com., Sinop, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Uzun Gören
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Department of Aquaculture, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Sedat Karayücel
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Department of Aquaculture, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
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30
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Effect of vitamin D treatment in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:78-84. [PMID: 30456564 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-018-0209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this research the symptom improvement of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of children was assessed by oral vitamin D administration in Tabriz, Iran. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized clinical trials, 96 children (2-18 years) were enrolled to placebo and vitamin D groups. Children took vitamin D pearl (50,000 IU/week) or placebo for 6 weeks. Children, who had the change in methylphenidate dosage and received any anticonvulsants and corticosteroids were excluded from the research. ADHD symptoms were diagnosed by Conners parent rating scale (CPRS) test at baseline and after intervention. ADHD Conners divided into inattention (IA), hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I) and combination type (C) subscales. Vitamin D serum level was assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks in both groups. RESULTS The differences between CPRS and its subscales were not significant at baseline (P > 0.05). The Conners IA score was decreased in vitamin D group (P < 0.05; adjusted with age and baseline values). ADHD Conners and all subscale scores reduced remarkably after intervention in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D compared to placebo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Oral vitamin D improved ADHD symptoms with a particular effect on inattention symptoms. In addition, symptoms related to all subscales were improved remarkably in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D. Vitamin D treatment in children with ADHD could be considered due to the expand benefit of vitamin D in body.
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Kotb MA, Kamal AM, Aldossary NM, Bedewi MA. Effect of vitamin D replacement on depression in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 29:111-117. [PMID: 30708308 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Depression is common among MS patients. In patients without MS, lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher depression scores and severity. Supplementation of vitamin D was associated with significant improvement of depressive symptoms. OBJECTIVE to evaluate the relation between vitamin D levels and depression scores, and the effect of vitamin D replacement on the depressive symptoms in patients with MS. METHODS The study included 35 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurological, psychiatric, and radiological evaluations were done. Participants received 10,000 IU of cholecalciferol daily for 12 months. RESULTS Vitamin D level was low at baseline. Depressive symptoms were high at baseline and improved with vitamin D replacement although, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score was not improving. Vitamin D levels correlated negatively with depressive symptoms at baseline and follow up periods. CONCLUSION Lower vitamin D levels are associated with higher depressive scores, and vitamin D replacement could improve depressive symptoms in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh Ali Kotb
- Neurology Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Kamal
- Psychiatry Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nasser M Aldossary
- Radiology Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abdelmohsen Bedewi
- Radiology Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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Ostadmohammadi V, Jamilian M, Bahmani F, Asemi Z. Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:5. [PMID: 30665436 PMCID: PMC6340184 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D and probiotic co-administration on mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 60 subjects, aged 18–40 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated to take either 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks plus 8 × 109 CFU/day probiotic (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Results Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation, compared with the placebo, significantly improved beck depression inventory [β (difference in the mean of outcomes measures between treatment groups) − 0.58; 95% CI, − 1.15, − 0.02; P = 0.04], general health questionnaire scores (β − 0.93; 95% CI, − 1.78, − 0.08; P = 0.03) and depression, anxiety and stress scale scores (β − 0.90; 95% CI, − 1.67, − 0.13; P = 0.02). Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in total testosterone (β − 0.19 ng/mL; 95% CI, − 0.28, − 0.10; P < 0.001), hirsutism (β − 0.95; 95% CI, − 1.39, − 0.51; P < 0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β − 0.67 mg/L; 95% CI, − 0.97, − 0.38; P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β − 0.25 μmol/L; 95% CI, − 0.40, − 0.10; P = 0.001), and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β 82.81 mmol/L; 95% CI, 42.86, 122.75; P < 0.001) and total glutathione (GSH) levels (β 40.42 μmol/L; 95% CI, 4.69, 76.19; P = 0.02), compared with the placebo. Conclusions Overall, the co-administration of vitamin D and probiotic for 12 weeks to women with PCOS had beneficial effects on mental health parameters, serum total testosterone, hirsutism, hs-CRP, plasma TAC, GSH and MDA levels. Trial Registration This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for registration of clinical trials (IRCT20170513033941N37).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehri Jamilian
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Elstgeest LEM, de Koning EJ, Brouwer IA, van Schoor NM, Penninx BWJH, Visser M. Change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parallel change in depressive symptoms in Dutch older adults. Eur J Endocrinol 2018; 179:239-249. [PMID: 30299894 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous prospective studies on the association between vitamin D status and depression used a single 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurement. We investigated the association between change in serum 25(OH)D and parallel change in depressive symptoms over time in Dutch older adults. DESIGN A population-based, prospective study in two cohorts of older men and women from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. METHODS Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined at two time points: in 1995/1996 and 13 years later in the older cohort (aged 65–88y, n = 173) and in 2002/2003 and 6 years later in the younger cohort (55–65 years, n = 450). At these time points, depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Associations were tested by multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS During follow-up, serum 25(OH)D concentrations increased in 32.4% of the older cohort and in 69.8% of the younger cohort. In the older cohort, change in 25(OH)D was not associated with change in CES-D score. In the younger cohort, no associations were observed in participants with higher baseline 25(OH)D concentrations (>58.6 nmol/L), but in those with lower baseline 25(OH)D concentrations, an increase in 25(OH)D was associated with a decrease in CES-D score (adjusted B per 10 nmol/L 25(OH)D increase: −0.62 (95% CI: −1.17, −0.07)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liset E M Elstgeest
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisa J de Koning
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja M van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Benda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Kouchaki E, Afarini M, Abolhassani J, Mirhosseini N, Bahmani F, Masoud SA, Asemi Z. High-dose ω-3 Fatty Acid Plus Vitamin D3 Supplementation Affects Clinical Symptoms and Metabolic Status of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr 2018; 148:1380-1386. [PMID: 29982544 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Combined omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin D supplementation may improve multiple sclerosis (MS) by correcting metabolic abnormalities and attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective This study aimed to determine the effects of ω-3 fatty acid and vitamin D cosupplementation on the disability score and metabolic status of patients with MS. Methods This was a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score and inflammation as primary outcomes and oxidative stress biomarkers and metabolic profile as secondary outcomes. Patients, aged 18-55 y, were matched for disease EDSS scores, gender, medications, BMI, and age (n = 53) and randomly received a combined 2 × 1000 mg/d ω-3 fatty acid and 50,000 IU/biweekly cholecalciferol supplement or placebo for 12 wk. The placebos were matched in colour, shape, size, packaging, smell, and taste with supplements. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and end of intervention to measure different outcomes. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess treatment effects on outcomes adjusting for confounding variables. Results Patients taking ω-3 fatty acid plus vitamin D supplements showed a significant improvement in EDSS (β -0.18; 95% CI: -0.33, -0.04; P = 0.01), compared with placebo. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β -1.70 mg/L; 95% CI: -2.49, -0.90 mg/L; P < 0.001), plasma total antioxidant capacity (β +55.4 mmol/L; 95% CI: 9.2, 101.6 mmol/L; P = 0.02), total glutathione (β +51.14 µmol/L; 95% CI: 14.42, 87.87 µmol/L; P = 0.007), and malondialdehyde concentrations (β -0.86 µmol/L; 95% CI: -1.10, -0.63 µmol/L; P < 0.001) were significantly improved in the supplemented group compared with the placebo group. In addition, ω-3 fatty acid and vitamin D cosupplementation resulted in a significant reduction in serum insulin, insulin resistance, and total/HDL-cholesterol, and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity and serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Conclusion Overall, taking ω-3 fatty acid and vitamin D supplements for 12 wk by patients with MS had beneficial effects on EDSS and metabolic status. This trial was registered at the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for registration of clinical trials as IRCT2017090133941N20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Kouchaki
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine.,Physiology Research Center; and
| | | | | | | | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
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Sharifi A, Vahedi H, Nedjat S, Mohamadkhani A, Hosseinzadeh Attar MJ. Vitamin D Decreases Beck Depression Inventory Score in Patients with Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Diet Suppl 2018; 16:541-549. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1472168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrollah Sharifi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences (GOUMS), Gorgan, Iran
| | - Homayoon Vahedi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics department, School of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Mohamadkhani
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Goltz A, Janowitz D, Hannemann A, Nauck M, Hoffmann J, Seyfart T, Völzke H, Terock J, Grabe HJ. Association of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vitamin D with Depression and Obesity: A Population-Based Study. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 76:171-181. [PMID: 29920493 DOI: 10.1159/000489864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and obesity are widespread and closely linked. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vitamin D are both assumed to be associated with depression and obesity. Little is known about the interplay between vitamin D and BDNF. We explored the putative associations and interactions between serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms and abdominal obesity in a large population-based cohort. METHODS Data were obtained from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-Trend (n = 3,926). The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms (measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire) were assessed with binary and multinomial logistic regression models. The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with obesity (measured by the waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) were assessed with binary logistic and linear regression models with restricted cubic splines. RESULTS Logistic regression models revealed inverse associations of vitamin D with depression (OR = 0.966; 95% CI 0.951-0.981) and obesity (OR = 0.976; 95% CI 0.967-0.985). No linear association of serum BDNF with depression or obesity was found. However, linear regression models revealed a U-shaped association of BDNF with WHR (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Vitamin D was inversely associated with depression and obesity. BDNF was associated with abdominal obesity, but not with depression. At the population level, our results support the relevant roles of vitamin D and BDNF in mental and physical health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Goltz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Deborah Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johanna Hoffmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tom Seyfart
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Terock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
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Raygan F, Ostadmohammadi V, Bahmani F, Asemi Z. The effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic status in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:50-55. [PMID: 29432877 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic status in diabetic people with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out among 60 diabetic people with CHD, aged 45-85 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks plus 8 × 109 CFU/g probiotic of Lactocare Zisttakhmir Co (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and after the 12-week intervention to determine metabolic profiles. RESULTS After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation resulted in significant improvements in beck depression inventory total score (-2.8 ± 3.8 vs. -0.9 ± 2.1, P = 0.01), beck anxiety inventory scores (-2.1 ± 2.3 vs. -0.8 ± 1.4, P = 0.009) and general health questionnaire scores (-3.9 ± 4.1 vs. -1.1 ± 3.4, P = 0.005). Compared with the placebo, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation resulted in significant reductions in serum insulin levels (-2.8 ± 3.8 vs. +0.2 ± 4.9 μIU/mL, P = 0.009), homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-1.0 ± 1.6 vs. -0.1 ± 1.5, P = 0.02), and a significant increase in serum 25-OH-vitamin D (+11.8 ± 5.9 vs. +0.1 ± 1.4 ng/mL, P < 0.001), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.03 ± 0.04 vs. -0.001 ± 0.01, P = 0.003) and serum HDL-cholesterol levels (+2.3 ± 3.5 vs. -0.5 ± 3.8 mg/dL, P = 0.004). In addition, changes in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-950.0 ± 1811.2 vs. +260.5 ± 2298.2 ng/mL, P = 0.02), plasma nitric oxide (NO) (+1.7 ± 4.0 vs. -1.4 ± 6.7 μmol/L, P = 0.03) and plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+12.6 ± 41.6 vs. -116.9 ± 324.2 mmol/L, P = 0.03) in the supplemented group were significantly different from the changes in these indicators in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Overall, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation after 12 weeks among diabetic people with CHD had beneficial effects on mental health parameters, serum hs-CRP, plasma NO, TAC, glycemic control and HDL-cholesterol levels. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER http://www.irct.ir: IRCT2017073033941N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Raygan
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Aghajafari F, Letourneau N, Mahinpey N, Cosic N, Giesbrecht G. Vitamin D Deficiency and Antenatal and Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:E478. [PMID: 29649128 PMCID: PMC5946263 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has been implicated in antenatal depression (AD) and postpartum depression (PPD) in many studies; however, results have been inconsistent due to the complexity of this association. We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Maternity and Infant Care databases for literature addressing associations between vitamin D and AD and PPD. Two independent authors reviewed titles and abstracts of the search results and selected studies for full review. Data were extracted, and a quality rating was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) on the selected studies. A total of 239 studies were identified; 14 were included in the review. The quality assessment of the included studies ranged from moderate to high. Of the studies on PPD, five of nine (55%) showed a significant association between vitamin D and PPD. Five of seven (71%) studies on AD showed a significant association with vitamin D status. As the included studies used different effect estimates and statistical analyses to report the association, it was not possible to transform the existing data into one single effect measure to employ meta-analytic techniques. While results of this systematic review vary, they indicate a significant association between vitamin D status and AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Aghajafari
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Sunridge Family Medicine Teaching Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Nicole Letourneau
- Faculty of Nursing and Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Newsha Mahinpey
- Life Science Program, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Nela Cosic
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Gerald Giesbrecht
- Departments of Paediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Serrano MA. Contribution of sun exposure to the vitamin D dose received by various groups of the Spanish population. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:545-551. [PMID: 29156273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the harmful effects of excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation are well known, the recommended dose of UV radiation is beneficial for the synthesis of vitamin D by the skin, in addition to being useful in the treatment of various illnesses and mental problems. Numerous studies have shown that vitamin D performs important functions in the human organism, such as absorbing calcium and phosphorous and contributing to the immune system, among others. Several studies have found that a high percentage of various groups of the Spanish population suffer from vitamin D deficiency, and since very few natural foods contain vitamin D, it was considered important to determine whether groups such as schoolchildren, outdoor workers and athletes, receive enough solar radiation to produce adequate levels of vitamin D in their daily activities. It was found that the amount of vitamin D (in IU) produced by personal effective solar UV doses could exceed the recommended dose of 1000IU/day in spring and summer, while the winter estimate (about 220IU/day) is only one quarter of the recommended dose. These results suggest that most people would not receive the recommended daily vitamin D dose in winter from exposure to solar UV radiation, the main source of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Antonia Serrano
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Marsh WK, Penny JL, Rothschild AJ. Vitamin D supplementation in bipolar depression: A double blind placebo controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95:48-53. [PMID: 28777983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar depression is difficult to treat. Vitamin D supplementation is well tolerated and may improve mood via its neurotransmitter synthesis regulation, nerve growth factor enhancement and antioxidant properties. Vitamin D adjunct reduces unipolar depression, but has not been tried in bipolar depression. METHODS 18-70yos with DSM IV bipolar depression and Vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/ml) were randomized in a controlled double blind trial of 5000IU Vitamin D3 po qday supplementation versus placebo for twelve weeks. Change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), medication, and tolerance were assessed q2weeks. RESULTS 16 VitD vs 17 placebo subjects did not differ in baseline characteristics (mean = 44 yo, SD = 13), VitD level (19.2 ± 65.8 g/ml vs 19.3 ± 5.5 ng/ml respectively) or mood ratings (MADRS 21.3 ± 6.4 vs 22.8 ± 6.9 respectively). At 12wks, the placebo group VitD levels remained unchanged, while the VitD group levels increased to 28 ng/ml. MADRS score decreased significantly in both placebo (mean = 6.42 (95% CI [2.28 to 10.56]) and VitD groups (mean = 9.54 (95% CI[3.51 to 15.56]) (p = 0.031), but there were no differences between treatment groups (time by treatment interaction estimate: 0.29, t(23) = 0.14, p = 0.89); VitD and placebo groups had similar reductions in YMRS and HAM-A. Vitamin D3 was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS In this small study, despite a greater rise in Vitamin D levels in the VitD supplementation group, there was no significant difference reduction in depressive symptoms. However both groups' VitD levels remained deficient. Vitamin D3 supplementation vs placebo did not improve reduction in mood elevation or anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy K Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Jessica L Penny
- BSN, Psychiatric NP - Class of 2019, Regis College, School of Nursing, 235 Wellesley Street Weston, MA 02493, USA
| | - Anthony J Rothschild
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA, USA
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Zhao K, Luan X, Liu Y, Tu X, Chen H, Shen H, Qiu H, Zhu Z, He J. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in chronic insomnia patients and the association with poor treatment outcome at 2months. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 475:147-151. [PMID: 29080688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and sleep disorder has been reported. We investigated whether serum concentrations of 25(OH)D are altered in chronic insomnia patients. The relationship between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and the treatment outcome in patients at 2months was also investigated. METHODS In total, 181 chronic insomnia patients were consecutively recruited. All patients received pharmacotherapy for the treatment of chronic insomnia. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were quantified by a competitive electrochemiluminescence protein binding assay. Treatment outcomes were defined as "response" versus "non-response", according to the change of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We also recruited 100 healthy subjects as a control group. RESULTS Fifty-four out of 181 (29.8%) patients met the criteria for non-response. Chronic insomnia patients had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared with healthy controls (23.01±9.18 vs 27.17±6.41ng/ml, P<0.001). Non-response patients also had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations than those with response. Vitamin D deficiency(25(OH)D concentrations<20ng/ml) was independently associated with a higher probability of treatment non-response at 2months (odds ratio 11.636, 95% confidence interval 3.966-34.142, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Measurement of serum 25(OH)D concentrations are probably useful for judging treatment outcomes of pharmacotherapy in chronic insomnia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Luan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xinjie Tu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huiping Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huihua Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuoying Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Ghaderi A, Banafshe HR, Motmaen M, Rasouli-Azad M, Bahmani F, Asemi Z. Clinical trial of the effects of vitamin D supplementation on psychological symptoms and metabolic profiles in maintenance methadone treatment patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017. [PMID: 28642082 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with some complications including nonspecific musculoskeletal pain and periodontal disease in maintenance methadone treatment (MMT) patients. This study was designed to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on psychological symptoms and metabolic profiles in MMT patients. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was carried out among 68 MMT patients. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either 50,000IU vitamin D supplements (n=34) or placebo (n=34) every 2weeks for 12weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and post-intervention to evaluate relevant variables. RESULTS After the 12-week intervention, serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (+8.1±4.9 vs. -0.4±3.0, P<0.001). In addition, vitamin D supplementation significantly improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (-1.5±2.2 vs. -0.2±2.3, P=0.02) and Beck Depression Inventory (-4.8±7.3 vs. -1.5±6.1, P=0.04) compared with the placebo. Patients who received vitamin D supplements had significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (-7.5±10.6 vs. +0.3±10.7mg/dL, P=0.004), serum insulin levels (-3.6±5.3 vs. -0.9±3.5 μIU/mL, P=0.01), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (-1.0±1.3 vs. -0.2±0.7, P=0.003), serum triglycerides (-9.6±30.8 vs. +15.6±30.2mg/dL, P=0.001), total- (-8.7±20.9 vs. +11.0±27.4mg/dL, P=0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (-11.1±17.9 vs. +5.9±27.5mg/dL, P=0.004) compared with the placebo. Additionally, vitamin D intake resulted in a significant decrease in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (-2.2±4.2 vs. +2.0±3.7mg/L, P<0.001), and significant increases plasma total antioxidant capacity (+26.2±99.8 vs. -86.3±127.5mmol/L, P<0.001) and glutathione levels (+292.3±172.4 vs. +48.9±208.9μmol/L, P<0.001) compared with the placebo. There was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum HDL-cholesterol, and other markers of insulin metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Totally, taking 50,000IU vitamin D supplement every 2weeks for 12weeks in MMT patients had beneficial effects on psychological symptoms and few metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction studies, School of Medical, kashan University of Medical Sciences, kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Banafshe
- Department of Addiction studies, School of Medical, kashan University of Medical Sciences, kashan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Motmaen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
| | - Morad Rasouli-Azad
- Department of clinical psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran; Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran.
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Unholzer S, Rothmund A, Haen E. [All-rounder vitamin D?]. DER NERVENARZT 2017; 88:489-494. [PMID: 28101619 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-016-0278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many indications are discussed for vitamin D substitution, such as osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, cancer and psychiatric diseases. Also discussed is the fact that the majority of the German population suffer from a vitamin D deficiency. OBJECTIVE Review of the study results for these individual diseases and a critical analysis of the currently established therapeutic reference range, which defines a vitamin D deficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was carried out in the statements of the German Society for Nutrition, in scientific publications and journals. RESULTS The study results on prevention and therapy of various diseases with vitamin D show inconsistent results. Well-established indications are the prevention of rickets in babies and the supportive therapy for osteoporosis. The currently established reference range for the definition of a vitamin D deficiency came from studies where vitamin D deficiency was correlated to an increase in parathyroid hormone. Different laboratories use different methods for measurement of vitamin D levels. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to clarify the role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Another problem is that different laboratories do not use the same measurement methods to determine vitamin D and the use of different methods leads to widely varying results which cannot be compared. Therefore, a standardization of the methods would be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Unholzer
- AG Klinische Pharmakologie, Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland.
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg, 93053, Deutschland.
- Institut AGATE gGmbH, Nelkenweg 10, Pentling, 93080, Deutschland.
| | - A Rothmund
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg, 93053, Deutschland
| | - E Haen
- AG Klinische Pharmakologie, Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg, 93053, Deutschland
- Institut AGATE gGmbH, Nelkenweg 10, Pentling, 93080, Deutschland
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Ma K, Xu W, Wang C, Li B, Su K, Li W. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a poor prognosis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. Cancer Biomark 2017; 18:297-303. [PMID: 27983538 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-161687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the prognostic role of the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with platinum-based doublet first-line chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 195 advanced NSCLC patients were consecutively and prospectively hospitalized to receive platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. The baseline 25(OH)D level was measured at the time of diagnosis. Main outcome measures included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS With 10 ng/mL as the cutoff value for the baseline plasma 25(OH)D level, patients with 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL (n = 54) and those with 25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL (n = 141) were found to have similar characteristics in terms of age, sex, smoking status, pathological type, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and clinical staging (all P-values > 0.05). The median OS values of patients with 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL and ≥ 10 ng/mL were 17.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.4-21.4 months) and 20.8 months (95%CI, 17.9-23.8 months), respectively; the median PFS values were 9.4 months (95%CI, 8.2-10.5 months) and 9.4 months (95%CI, 8.3-10.5 months), respectively. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that having a plasma 25(OH)D level < 10 ng/mL was associated with a significantly shorter OS (P = 0.003; P = 0.009), while the baseline plasma 25(OH)D level was not significantly associated with PFS. CONCLUSION Deficiency of 25(OH)D is an independent prognostic factor for a poor OS in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy.
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Parker GB, Brotchie H, Graham RK. Vitamin D and depression. J Affect Disord 2017; 208:56-61. [PMID: 27750060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is associated with depression and whether vitamin D supplementation is an effective treatment for depression. METHOD Empirical papers published in recent years were identified using three search engines and online databases - PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Database. Specific search terms used were 'vitamin D', 'depression' and 'treatment' and articles were selected that examined the association between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and depression, vitamin D supplementation and Vitamin D as a treatment for depression. Our review weighted more recent studies (from 2011), although also considered earlier publications. RESULTS Empirical studies appear to provide increasing evidence for an association between vitamin D insufficiency and depression, and for vitamin D supplementation and augmentation in those with clinical depression who are vitamin D deficient. Methodological limitations associated with many of the studies are detailed. LIMITATIONS Articles were restricted to those in the English language while publication bias may have weighted studies with positive findings. CONCLUSIONS There remains a need for empirical studies to move beyond cross-sectional designs to undertake more randomised controlled longitudinal trials so as to clarify the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of depression and its management, as well as to establish whether currently suggested associations are clinically significant and distinctive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon B Parker
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Heather Brotchie
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Graham
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Alam U, Fawwad A, Shaheen F, Tahir B, Basit A, Malik RA. Improvement in Neuropathy Specific Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes after Vitamin D Supplementation. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:7928083. [PMID: 29445752 PMCID: PMC5763097 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7928083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on neuropathy specific quality of life (NeuroQoL) in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. METHODS This prospective, open label study was conducted between June 2012 and April 2013. Patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy were given a single dose of 600,000 IU intramuscular vitamin D, and NeuroQol was assessed at baseline and at five follow-up visits every 4 weeks. RESULTS Of 143 participants, 41.3% were vitamin D deficient (vitamin D < 20 ng/ml). Treatment with vitamin D resulted in a significant increase in 25(OH)D (P < 0.0001) and a significant improvement in the NeuroQoL subscale score for emotional distress (P = 0.04), with no significant change in the other NeuroQoL domains of painful symptoms and paresthesia, loss of temperature and touch sensation, unsteadiness, limitation in daily activities, and interpersonal problems. There was a significant reduction in patient perception about foot problems on QoL of "quite a lot" (P < 0.05) and "very much" (P < 0.0001) with a significant reduction in the baseline response of having a "poor" QoL from 5.2% to 0.7% (P < 0.0001) and an increase in the response of an "excellent QoL" from 1.5% to 7.4% (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Vitamin D is effective in improving quality of life in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uazman Alam
- Department of Eye and Vision Sciences, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool and Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Asher Fawwad
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
- Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Shaheen
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Tahir
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rayaz A. Malik
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester and Central Manchester Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Vaziri F, Nasiri S, Tavana Z, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Sharif F, Jafari P. A randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation on perinatal depression: in Iranian pregnant mothers. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16:239. [PMID: 27544544 PMCID: PMC4992225 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-016-1024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mood disorders in pregnancy and post-partum period are common and considered as a public health issue. Researchers have studied the relationship between low serum vitamin D concentration and perinatal depression, although no clinical trial has been conducted on vitamin D’s effects on depression related to childbirth. This study evaluated the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on perinatal depression scores. Methods This randomized clinical trial was done in pregnant women who were under prenatal care in a teaching hospital in Shiraz, Iran. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older, no history of mental illness and internal diseases, a singleton live fetus, without any pregnancy complications, gestational age of 26–28 weeks upon enrollment, and depression score of 0 to 13. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale was used to evaluate depression scores. A total of 169 participants were assigned to the two groups of placebo and vitamin D through block randomization design. Vitamin D group received 2000 IU vitamin D3 daily from 26 to 28 weeks of gestation until childbirth. Maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured at baseline and childbirth. Besides, depression scores were evaluated four times: at 26–28 and 38–40 weeks of gestation, and finally at 4 and 8 weeks after birth. Results The two groups were similar in relation to baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. However, at childbirth, the vitamin D group had significantly higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). At baseline, no correlation was observed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and depression score (r = 0.13, p = 0.09). There was no significant difference between the two study groups in relation to the baseline depression score. While, the vitamin D group had greater reduction in depression scores than the control group at 38–40 weeks of gestation (p = 0.01) also, at 4 and 8 weeks after birth (p < 0.001). Conclusions The present trial showed that consuming 2000 IU vitamin D3 daily during late pregnancy was effective in decreasing perinatal depression levels. We suggest further clinical trial in pregnant mothers who are at risk for postnatal depression. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2015020310327N11. Date of registration: March 9th 2015. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1024-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Vaziri
- Department of midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Tavana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical school, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | - Farkhondeh Sharif
- Community Based Psychiatric Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Jafari
- Biostatics Department, School of medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Biersack MG, Hajdukiewicz M, Uebelhack R, Franke L, Piazena H, Klaus P, Höhne-Zimmer V, Braun T, Buttgereit F, Burmester GR, Detert J. Sustained Increase of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Healthy Young Women during Wintertime after Three Suberythemal UV Irradiations-The MUVY Pilot Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159040. [PMID: 27434043 PMCID: PMC4951026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is a health problem prevalent not only in the elderly but also in young adults. The primary objective of our observational pilot study "MUVY" (Mood, UVR, Vitamin D in Young women) was to test both the short-term and long-term effects of a series of three suberythemal UV radiation (UVR) exposures on the VitD status and well-being of young healthy women during winter in a repeat measure design. METHODS 20 healthy young women (Fitzpatrick skin types I-III, aged 21-25 years) received three full body broad band UVR exposures with an escalating erythemally weighted dose schedule during one week in winter, and completed self-report questionnaires monitoring symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) and affective state/well-being (Profile of Mood States, POMS) at baseline and three days after the last UVR exposure. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) were measured in serum at baseline, and at study days 8, 36 and 50. RESULTS Mean baseline 25(OH)D level was 54.3 nmol/L (standard deviation (s.d.) = 24.1), with seven women having VitD deficient status. Relevant symptoms of depression, as indicated by low BDI total scores (0-8), were absent. After the three UVR exposures the increment of 25(OH)D was an average of 13.9 nmol/L (95% confidence interval (CI) = 9.4-18.4) and 26.2 pmol/L (95%CI = 7.2-45.1) for 1,25(OH)2D. Δ25(OH)D, and corresponding baseline levels were significantly and inversely associated (rho = -0.493, p = 0.027). Only 25(OH)D remained significantly increased above baseline for at least six weeks after the last UVR exposure. A strong inverse correlation of the POMS subscale "Vigor/Activity" and the increment in 1,25(OH)2D was found (rho = -0.739, p<0.001) at day 8. CONCLUSIONS Three suberythemal whole body UVR exposures during one week are a simple and suitable method for improving 25(OH)D levels during winter, for at least six weeks, and especially in young women with VitD deficient status. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Kinischer Studien) DRKS00009274.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gudrun Biersack
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Malgorzata Hajdukiewicz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Uebelhack
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonora Franke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Piazena
- Medical Photobiology Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Klaus
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Höhne-Zimmer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Braun
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Buttgereit
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Detert
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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van den Berg KS, Marijnissen RM, van den Brink RHS, Naarding P, Comijs HC, Oude Voshaar RC. Vitamin D deficiency, depression course and mortality: Longitudinal results from the Netherlands Study on Depression in Older persons (NESDO). J Psychosom Res 2016; 83:50-6. [PMID: 27020077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of vitamin D levels on depression course and remission status after two years, as well as attrition and mortality, in an older cohort. METHODS This study was part of the Netherlands Study on Depression in Older persons (NESDO), a prospective cohort study. 367 depressed older persons (≥ 60 years) were included. Baseline vitamin D status, reasons for loss to follow up, clinical depression diagnosis at two-year follow up, and six-monthly symptom scores were obtained. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and random coefficient models and adjusted for confounders of vitamin D status. RESULTS Vitamin D had no effect on the course of depression or remission, except for a trend towards lower remission rates in the severely deficient subgroup (25-(OH) vitamin D<25 nmol/l). Patients who died during follow up had significantly lower 25-(OH) vitamin D and 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D levels than patients with continued participation. CONCLUSIONS For the total sample we found no effect of vitamin D levels on the course of depression or remission rates. However, we did find an effect of lower vitamin D levels on mortality. This strengthens the interpretation of vitamin D deficiency being a marker for poor somatic health status. The trend towards lower remission rates in the severely deficient subgroup raises the question whether this group could benefit from supplementation. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to study this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S van den Berg
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Pro Persona, Wolfheze, The Netherlands.
| | - Radboud M Marijnissen
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Pro Persona, Wolfheze, The Netherlands
| | - Rob H S van den Brink
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Naarding
- GGNet, Center for Old Age Psychiatry, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center/GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tracking search engine queries for suicide in the United Kingdom, 2004-2013. Public Health 2016; 137:147-53. [PMID: 26976489 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES First, to determine if a cyclical trend is observed for search activity of suicide and three common suicide risk factors in the United Kingdom: depression, unemployment, and marital strain. Second, to test the validity of suicide search data as a potential marker of suicide risk by evaluating whether web searches for suicide associate with suicide rates among those of different ages and genders in the United Kingdom. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Search engine data was obtained from Google Trends, a publicly available repository of information of trends and patterns of user searches on Google. The following phrases were entered into Google Trends to analyse relative search volume for suicide, depression, job loss, and divorce, respectively: 'suicide'; 'depression + depressed + hopeless'; 'unemployed + lost job'; 'divorce'. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was employed to test bivariate associations between suicide search activity and official suicide rates from the Office of National Statistics (ONS). RESULTS Cyclical trends were observed in search activity for suicide and depression-related search activity, with peaks in autumn and winter months, and a trough in summer months. A positive, non-significant association was found between suicide-related search activity and suicide rates in the general working-age population (15-64 years) (ρ = 0.164; P = 0.652). This association is stronger in younger age groups, particularly for those 25-34 years of age (ρ = 0.848; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS We give credence to a link between search activity for suicide and suicide rates in the United Kingdom from 2004 to 2013 for high risk sub-populations (i.e. male youth and young professionals). There remains a need for further research on how Google Trends can be used in other areas of disease surveillance and for work to provide greater geographical precision, as well as research on ways of mitigating the risk of internet use leading to suicide ideation in youth.
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