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Baranova EN, Kononenko NV, Lapshin PV, Nechaeva TL, Khaliluev MR, Zagoskina NV, Smirnova EA, Yuorieva NO, Raldugina GN, Chaban IA, Kurenina LV, Gulevich AA. Superoxide Dismutase Premodulates Oxidative Stress in Plastids for Protection of Tobacco Plants from Cold Damage Ultrastructure Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5544. [PMID: 38791585 PMCID: PMC11122273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
ROS-dependent induction of oxidative damage can be used as a trigger initiating genetically determined non-specific protection in plant cells and tissues. Plants are potentially able to withstand various specific (toxic, osmotic) factors of abiotic effects, but do not have sufficient or specific sensitivity to form an adequate effective response. In this work, we demonstrate one of the possible approaches for successful cold acclimation through the formation of effective protection of photosynthetic structures due to the insertion of the heterologous FeSOD gene into the tobacco genome under the control of the constitutive promoter and equipped with a signal sequence targeting the protein to plastid. The increased enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase in the plastid compartment of transgenic tobacco plants enables them to tolerate the oxidative factor of environmental stresses scavenging ROS. On the other hand, the cost of such resistance is quite high and, when grown under normal conditions, disturbs the arrangement of the intrachloroplastic subdomains leading to the modification of stromal thylakoids, probably significantly affecting the photosynthesis processes that regulate the efficiency of photosystem II. This is partially compensated for by the fact that, at the same time, under normal conditions, the production of peroxide induces the activation of ROS detoxification enzymes. However, a violation of a number of processes, such as the metabolism of accumulation, and utilization and transportation of sugars and starch, is significantly altered, which leads to a shift in metabolic chains. The expected step for further improvement of the applied technology could be both the use of inducible promoters in the expression cassette, and the addition of other genes encoding for hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes in the genetic construct that are downstream in the metabolic chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina N. Baranova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (RSAU-MTAA), Russian State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia
| | - Neonila V. Kononenko
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Pyotr V. Lapshin
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia (T.L.N.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Tatiana L. Nechaeva
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia (T.L.N.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Marat R. Khaliluev
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
- Moscow K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (RSAU-MTAA), Russian State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Zagoskina
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia (T.L.N.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Elena A. Smirnova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
- Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Building 12, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology, MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Natalya O. Yuorieva
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia (T.L.N.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Galina N. Raldugina
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia (T.L.N.); (N.V.Z.)
| | - Inna A. Chaban
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Ludmila V. Kurenina
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Alexander A. Gulevich
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya St. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia (M.R.K.); (E.A.S.); (I.A.C.); (L.V.K.)
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Bhutta MS, Awais M, Raouf A, Anjum A, Azam S, Shahid N, Malik K, Shahid AA, Rao AQ. Biosafety and toxicity assessment of transgenic cotton-harboring insecticide and herbicide tolerant genes on albino mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae043. [PMID: 38525247 PMCID: PMC10960071 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genetic engineering has revolutionized agriculture by transforming biotic and abiotic stress-resistance genes in plants. The biosafety of GM crops is a major concern for consumers and regulatory authorities. Methodology A 14-week biosafety and toxicity analysis of transgenic cotton, containing 5 transgenes ((Cry1Ac, Cry2A, CP4 EPSPS, VIP3Aa, and ASAL)), was conducted on albino mice. Thirty mice were divided into three groups (Conventional, Non-transgenic, without Bt, and transgenic, containing targeted crop) according to the feed given, with 10 mice in each group, with 5 male and 5 female mice in each group. Results During the study, no biologically significant changes were observed in the non-transgenic and transgenic groups compared to the control group in any of the study's parameters i.e. increase in weight of mice, physiological, pathological, and molecular analysis, irrespective of the gender of the mice. However, a statistically significant change was observed in the hematological parameters of the male mice, while no such change was observed in the female study group mice. The expression analysis, however, of the TNF gene increases many folds in the transgenic group as compared to the non-transgenic and conventional groups. Conclusion Overall, no physiological, pathological, or molecular toxicity was observed in the mice fed with transgenic feed. Therefore, it can be speculated that the targeted transgenic crop is biologically safe. However, more study is required to confirm the biosafety of the product on the animal by expression profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Bhutta
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Raouf
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, 51310 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saira Azam
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naila Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kausar Malik
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Ali Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Rd, Thokar Niaz Baig Sector 1، Lahore, Punjab 53700 Lahore, Pakistan
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Jadoon L, Gul A, Fatima H, Babar MM. Nano-elicitation and hydroponics: a synergism to enhance plant productivity and secondary metabolism. PLANTA 2024; 259:80. [PMID: 38436711 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review has explored the importance of using a synergistic approach of nano-elicitation and hydroponics to improve plant growth and metabolite production. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance of green nanotechnology and eco-friendly practices while utilizing this approach to promote the development of a sustainable agriculture system. Nano-elicitation stimulates metabolic processes in plants using nanoparticles (NPs) as elicitors. The stimulation of these biochemical processes can enhance plant yield and productivity, along with the production of secondary metabolites. Nanoparticles have garnered the attention of scientific community because of their unique characteristics, such as incredibly small size and large surface-to-volume ratio, which make them effective elicitors. Hydroponic systems, which optimize growing conditions to increase plant production, are typically used to study the effect of elicitors. By integrating these two approaches, the qualitative and quantitative output of plants can be increased while employing minimal resources. As the global demand for high-quality crops and bioactive compounds surges, embracing this synergistic approach alongside sustainable farming practices can pave the way for resilient agricultural systems, ensuring food security and fostering an eco-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linta Jadoon
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Alvina Gul
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hunaiza Fatima
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Koh E, Goh W, Julca I, Villanueva E, Mutwil M. PEO: Plant Expression Omnibus - a comparative transcriptomic database for 103 Archaeplastida. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1592-1603. [PMID: 38050352 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The Plant Expression Omnibus (PEO) is a web application that provides biologists with access to gene expression insights across over 100 plant species, ~60 000 manually annotated RNA-seq samples, and more than 4 million genes. The tool allows users to explore the expression patterns of genes across different organs, identify organ-specific genes, and discover top co-expressed genes for any gene of interest. PEO also provides functional annotations for each gene, allowing for the identification of genetic modules and pathways. PEO is designed to facilitate comparative kingdom-wide gene expression analysis and provide a valuable resource for plant biology research. We provide two case studies to demonstrate the utility of PEO in identifying candidate genes in pollen coat biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and investigating the biosynthetic pathway components of capsaicin in Capsicum annuum. The database is freely available at https://expression.plant.tools/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - William Goh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Irene Julca
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Erielle Villanueva
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Marek Mutwil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
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Scharte J, Hassa S, Herrfurth C, Feussner I, Forlani G, Weis E, von Schaewen A. Metabolic priming in G6PDH isoenzyme-replaced tobacco lines improves stress tolerance and seed yields via altering assimilate partitioning. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1696-1716. [PMID: 37713307 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the basis for better performance of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants with G6PDH-isoenzyme replacement in the cytosol (Xanthi::cP2::cytRNAi, Scharte et al., 2009). After six generations of selfing, infiltration of Phytophthora nicotianae zoospores into source leaves confirmed that defence responses (ROS, callose) are accelerated, showing as fast cell death of the infected tissue. Yet, stress-related hormone profiles resembled susceptible Xanthi and not resistant cultivar SNN, hinting at mainly metabolic adjustments in the transgenic lines. Leaves of non-stressed plants contained twofold elevated fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6P2 ) levels, leading to partial sugar retention (soluble sugars, starch) and elevated hexose-to-sucrose ratios, but also more lipids. Above-ground biomass lay in between susceptible Xanthi and resistant SNN, with photo-assimilates preferentially allocated to inflorescences. Seeds were heavier with higher lipid-to-carbohydrate ratios, resulting in increased harvest yields - also under water limitation. Abiotic stress tolerance (salt, drought) was improved during germination, and in floated leaf disks of non-stressed plants. In leaves of salt-watered plants, proline accumulated to higher levels during illumination, concomitant with efficient NADP(H) use and recycling. Non-stressed plants showed enhanced PSII-induction kinetics (upon dark-light transition) with little differences at the stationary phase. Leaf exudates contained 10% less sucrose, similar amino acids, but more fatty acids - especially in the light. Export of specific fatty acids via the phloem may contribute to both, earlier flowering and higher seed yields of the Xanthi-cP2 lines. Apparently, metabolic priming by F2,6P2 -combined with sustained NADP(H) turnover-bypasses the genetically fixed growth-defence trade-off, rendering tobacco plants more stress-resilient and productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Scharte
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hassa
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften and Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Abteilung Biochemie der Pflanze, Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften and Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Abteilung Biochemie der Pflanze, Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Forlani
- Laboratorio di Fisiologia e Biochimica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, I-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Engelbert Weis
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Antje von Schaewen
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
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Yang W, Yuan Y, Yang P, Li S, Ma S, Liu X, Zhou X, Chen R. ZmGluTR1 is involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and is essential for maize development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 290:154115. [PMID: 37864879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll is the most important carrier of photosynthesis in plants and is therefore vital for plant growth and development. Synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is initiated and catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) and is the rate-limiting step in chlorophyll biosynthesis. GluTR is controlled by several regulating factors. Although many studies have investigated the structure and function of GluTR in plants, the maize (Zea mays L.) GluTR has not yet been reported. Here, we isolated and identified the first loss-of-function mutant of GluTR in plants from a maize mutagenic population. The stop-gain mutation in ZmGluTR1 resulted in leaf etiolation throughout the growing season. The level of intermediates of chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments decreased markedly and abnormal chloroplast structure was also observed in the mutants. Further analysis revealed that the deletion of carboxyl terminal (C-terminal) led to premature transcription termination and this hindered the interaction with FLUORESCENT (FLU), thereby influencing the stability of mutated ZmGluTR1 and leading to abolish interaction with GluTR-binding protein (GluBP). Moreover, mutations in the catalytic domain or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) binding domain were lethal under normal growth conditions. These results indicate that ZmGluTR1 plays a fundamental role in chlorophyll biosynthesis and maize development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Yang
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuhan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, China
| | - Pengjuan Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Suzhen Li
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhou
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rumei Chen
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Liu S, Zenda T, Tian Z, Huang Z. Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1111875. [PMID: 37810398 PMCID: PMC10557149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought (D) and heat (H) are the two major abiotic stresses hindering cereal crop growth and productivity, either singly or in combination (D/+H), by imposing various negative impacts on plant physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, this decreases overall cereal crop production and impacts global food availability and human nutrition. To achieve global food and nutrition security vis-a-vis global climate change, deployment of new strategies for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and higher nutritive value in cereals is imperative. This depends on first gaining a mechanistic understanding of the mechanisms underlying D/+H stress response. Meanwhile, functional genomics has revealed several stress-related genes that have been successfully used in target-gene approach to generate stress-tolerant cultivars and sustain crop productivity over the past decades. However, the fast-changing climate, coupled with the complexity and multigenic nature of D/+H tolerance suggest that single-gene/trait targeting may not suffice in improving such traits. Hence, in this review-cum-perspective, we advance that targeted multiple-gene or metabolic pathway manipulation could represent the most effective approach for improving D/+H stress tolerance. First, we highlight the impact of D/+H stress on cereal crops, and the elaborate plant physiological and molecular responses. We then discuss how key primary metabolism- and secondary metabolism-related metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, starch metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) biosynthesis, and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling can be modified using modern molecular biotechnology approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9 system and synthetic biology (Synbio) to enhance D/+H tolerance in cereal crops. Understandably, several bottlenecks hinder metabolic pathway modification, including those related to feedback regulation, gene functional annotation, complex crosstalk between pathways, and metabolomics data and spatiotemporal gene expressions analyses. Nonetheless, recent advances in molecular biotechnology, genome-editing, single-cell metabolomics, and data annotation and analysis approaches, when integrated, offer unprecedented opportunities for pathway engineering for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and improved yield. Especially, Synbio-based strategies will accelerate the development of climate resilient and nutrient-dense cereals, critical for achieving global food security and combating malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zaimin Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Campos EVR, Pereira ADES, Aleksieienko I, do Carmo GC, Gohari G, Santaella C, Fraceto LF, Oliveira HC. Encapsulated plant growth regulators and associative microorganisms: Nature-based solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change on plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 331:111688. [PMID: 36963636 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the atmospheric CO2 concentration and global average temperature have been increasing, and this trend is projected to soon become more severe. This scenario of climate change intensifies abiotic stress factors (such as drought, flooding, salinity, and ultraviolet radiation) that threaten forest and associated ecosystems as well as crop production. These factors can negatively affect plant growth and development with a consequent reduction in plant biomass accumulation and yield, in addition to increasing plant susceptibility to biotic stresses. Recently, biostimulants have become a hotspot as an effective and sustainable alternative to alleviate the negative effects of stresses on plants. However, the majority of biostimulants have poor stability under environmental conditions, which leads to premature degradation, shortening their biological activity. To solve these bottlenecks, micro- and nano-based formulations containing biostimulant molecules and/or microorganisms are gaining attention, as they demonstrate several advantages over their conventional formulations. In this review, we focus on the encapsulation of plant growth regulators and plant associative microorganisms as a strategy to boost their application for plant protection against abiotic stresses. We also address the potential limitations and challenges faced for the implementation of this technology, as well as possibilities regarding future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefânia V R Campos
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março 511, 18087-180 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; B.Nano Soluções Tecnológicas Ltda, Rua Dr. Júlio Prestes, 355,18230-000 São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anderson do E S Pereira
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março 511, 18087-180 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; B.Nano Soluções Tecnológicas Ltda, Rua Dr. Júlio Prestes, 355,18230-000 São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Aleksieienko
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Giovanna C do Carmo
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), PR 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Catherine Santaella
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Leonardo F Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março 511, 18087-180 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Halley C Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), PR 445, Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Dallacorte LV, Bosse MA, Capelin D, Paladini MV, Cattani F, Remor MB, Donizetti de Lima J, Perboni AT, Marchese JA. Economic versus technical efficiency in using ASM combined with fungicides to elicit wheat varieties with different disease susceptibilities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17012. [PMID: 37484364 PMCID: PMC10361120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the positive results of using elicitors to induce resistance against plant diseases, some factors have inhibited the popularization of their use in agriculture. There is an energetic cost related to the elicitors' induced response which can cause undesired effects on growth under low-pressure disease conditions. Elicitors can create phytotoxicity and show high variation in their efficiency between different genotypes within the same crop; in addition, the positive results related to the induced resistance may not repeat in field treatments, adding to the possibility that they are not economically viable. Thus, we carried out two experiments to investigate the technical and economic efficiency of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and its association with fungicides in the control of leaf diseases of susceptible and resistant wheat varieties, and as how it reflects on the photosynthetic and production performance of wheat. This study showed the limitations of incorporating ASM into foliar fungal disease control in economic terms. However, it was evident that ASM effectively induced plant resistance against Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew in the field and can be considered a sustainable option for wheat cultivation. Even though its association with chemical control was not the best economic strategy the use of ASM is a tool that can be incorporated into wheat cultivation to minimize the emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens due to the diversification of modes of action employed and reduce the toxic residue deposition to the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Antonio Bosse
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Diogo Capelin
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vily Paladini
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cattani
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anelise Tessari Perboni
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - José Abramo Marchese
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
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10
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Ahmad I, Zhu G, Zhou G, Liu J, Younas MU, Zhu Y. Melatonin Role in Plant Growth and Physiology under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108759. [PMID: 37240106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phyto-melatonin improves crop yield by mitigating the negative effects of abiotic stresses on plant growth. Numerous studies are currently being conducted to investigate the significant performance of melatonin in crops in regulating agricultural growth and productivity. However, a comprehensive review of the pivotal performance of phyto-melatonin in regulating plant morpho-physiological and biochemical activities under abiotic stresses needs to be clarified. This review focused on the research on morpho-physiological activities, plant growth regulation, redox status, and signal transduction in plants under abiotic stresses. Furthermore, it also highlighted the role of phyto-melatonin in plant defense systems and as biostimulants under abiotic stress conditions. The study revealed that phyto-melatonin enhances some leaf senescence proteins, and that protein further interacts with the plant's photosynthesis activity, macromolecules, and changes in redox and response to abiotic stress. Our goal is to thoroughly evaluate phyto-melatonin performance under abiotic stress, which will help us better understand the mechanism by which phyto-melatonin regulates crop growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Muhammad Usama Younas
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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11
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Wang X, Zhou X, Qu Z, Yan C, Ma C, Liu J, Dong S. Regulation of soybean drought response by mepiquat chloride pretreatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1149114. [PMID: 37235038 PMCID: PMC10207941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1149114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Soybean is the world's most important cultivated crop, and drought can affect their growth and, eventually, yields. Foliar application of mepiquat chloride (MC) can potentially alleviate the damage caused by drought stress in plants; however, the mechanism of MC regulation of soybean drought response has not been studied. Methods This study investigated the mechanism of soybean drought response regulation by mepiquat chloride in two varieties of soybean, sensitive Heinong 65 (HN65) and drought-tolerant Heinong44 (HN44), under three treatment scenarios, normal, drought stress, and drought stress + MC conditions. Results and discussion MC promoted dry matter accumulation under drought stress, reduced plant height, decreased antioxidant enzyme activity, and significantly decreased malondialdehyde content. The light capture processes, photosystems I and II, were inhibited; however, accumulation and upregulation of several amino acids and flavonoids by MC was observed. Multi-omics joint analysis indicated 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism and isoflavone biosynthetic pathways to be the core pathways by which MC regulated soybean drought response. Candidate genes such as LOC100816177, SOMT-2, LOC100784120, LOC100797504, LOC100794610, and LOC100819853 were identified to be crucial for the drought resistance of soybeans. Finally, a model was constructed to systematically describe the regulatory mechanism of MC application in soybean under drought stress. This study fills the research gap of MC in the field of soybean resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Ma
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Lab of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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12
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Vithanage M, Zhang X, Gunarathne V, Zhu Y, Herath L, Peiris K, Solaiman ZM, Bolan N, Siddique KHM. Plant nanobionics: Fortifying food security via engineered plant productivity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115934. [PMID: 37080274 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The world's human population is increasing exponentially, increasing the demand for high-quality food sources. As a result, there is a major global concern over hunger and malnutrition in developing countries with limited food resources. To address this issue, researchers worldwide must focus on developing improved crop varieties with greater productivity to overcome hunger. However, conventional crop breeding methods require extensive periods to develop new varieties with desirable traits. To tackle this challenge, an innovative approach termed plant nanobionics introduces nanomaterials (NMs) into cell organelles to enhance or modify plant function and thus crop productivity and yield. A comprehensive review of nanomaterials affect crop yield is needed to guide nanotechnology research. This article critically reviews nanotechnology applications for engineering plant productivity, seed germination, crop growth, enhancing photosynthesis, and improving crop yield and quality, and discusses nanobionic approaches such as smart drug delivery systems and plant nanobiosensors. Moreover, the review describes NM classification and synthesis and human health-related and plant toxicity hazards. Our findings suggest that nanotechnology application in agricultural production could significantly increase crop yields to alleviate global hunger pressures. However, the environmental risks associated with NMs should be investigated thoroughly before their widespread adoption in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; Sustainability Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Viraj Gunarathne
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lasantha Herath
- Sri Lanka Institute of Nano Technology, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka
| | - Kanchana Peiris
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Zakaria M Solaiman
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The Uniersity of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The Uniersity of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The Uniersity of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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13
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Wang Q, Yang S, Fan M, Feng P, Zhu L, Chen H, Wang J. A natural variation in the promoter of GRA117 affects carbon assimilation in rice. PLANTA 2023; 257:77. [PMID: 36894728 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
GRA117 is crucial in the process of carbon assimilation in rice as it regulates the development of chloroplasts, which in turn facilitates the Calvin-Benson cycle. Carbon assimilation is a critical process for plant growth, and despite numerous relevant studies, there are still unknown constraints. In this study, we isolated a rice mutant, gra117, which exhibited seedling albinism, delayed chloroplast development, decreased chlorophyll content, reduced yield, and seedling stress susceptibility, as compared to WT. Our further investigations revealed that gra117 had a significantly lower net photosynthetic carbon assimilation rate, as well as reduced levels of Rubisco enzyme activity, RUBP, PGA, carbohydrate, protein content, and dry matter accumulation. These findings provide evidence for decreased carbon assimilation in gra117. By mapping cloning, we discovered a 665 bp insertion in the GRA117 promoter region that decreases GRA117 transcriptional activity and causes the gra117 phenotype. GRA117 encodes PfkB-type fructokinase-like 2, which is subcellularly localized in chloroplasts and is widely expressed in various rice tissues, particularly at high levels in leaf tissues. GRA117 transcription is regulated by the core region 1029 bp before the start codon. Our quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot assays showed that GRA117 promotes the expression and translation of photosynthetic genes. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that GRA117 plays a significant role in photosynthetic carbon fixation, carbon metabolism, and chloroplast ribosome-related pathways. Our study supports that GRA117 promotes the Calvin-Benson cycle by regulating chloroplast development, ultimately leading to enhanced carbon assimilation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Pulin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Zhou W, Duan Y, Jiang X, Tan X, Li Q, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal novel insights into the seed germination of Michelia chapensis, an endangered species in China. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111568. [PMID: 36528126 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Michelia chapensis Dandy, a well-known medicinal woody plant endemic to China, is endangered and seriously constricted by seed dormancy-induced low-regeneration in natural conditions. Cold stratification can effectively reduce seed dormancy and promote the seed germination of M. chapensis. However, the molecular events and systematic changes that occurred during seed germination in M. chapensis remain largely unknown. In this study, we carried out transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination in M. chapensis under cold stratification. The results showed that the embryo cells became bigger and looser with increasing stratification time. Moreover, the endosperm appeared reduced due to the consumption of nutrients. Seventeen phytohormones were examined by the metabolome targeted for hormones. Compared with the ES (no stratification), the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) were increased in the MS (stratification for 45 days), while the abscisic acid (ABA) was downregulated in both MS and LS (stratification for 90 days). The transcriptome profiling identified 24975 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the seeds during germination. The seed germination of M. chapensis was mainly regulated by the biological pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, energy supply, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, photosynthesis-related metabolism, and transcriptional regulation. This study reveals the biological evidence of seed germination at the transcriptional level and provides a foundation for unraveling molecular mechanisms regulating the seed germination of M. chapensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxian Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Duan
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Xiaogang Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Xuhui Tan
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Qin Li
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Meide Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China.
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15
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Saad AM, Elhabbak AK, Abbas MH, Mohamed I, AbdelRahman MA, Scopa A, Bassouny MA. Can deficit irrigations be an optimum solution for increasing water productivity under arid conditions? A case study on wheat plants. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103537. [PMID: 36590750 PMCID: PMC9800629 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Water scarcity is of growing concern in many countries around the world, especially within the arid and semi-arid zones. Accordingly, rationalizing irrigation water has become an obligation to achieve the sustainable developmental goals of these countries. This may take place via using deficit irrigation which is long thought to be an effective strategy to save and improve water productivity. The current study is a trial to evaluate the pros and cons of using 50 and 75 % of the irrigation requirements (IR) of wheat (deficit irrigations) versus 100 %IR, while precisely charting changes in wheat growth parameters, antioxidant enzymes in plant shoots and the overall nutritional status of plants (NPK contents). Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted for two successive seasons, followed a split-plot design in which deficit irrigations (two irrigations to achieve 50 % of the irrigations requirements (IR), three irrigations to attain 75 % IR, and four irrigations to fulfill 100 % IR) were placed in main plots while four different studied wheat cultivars were in subplots. Results obtained herein indicate that deficit irrigations led to significant reductions in growth parameters and productivity of all wheat cultivars, especially when using 50 % IR. It also decreased NPK contents within plant shoots while elevated their contents of proline, peroxidase, and catalase enzymes. On the other hand, this type of irrigation decreased virtual water content (VWC, the amount of water used in production on ton of wheat grains). Stress tolerance index (STI), and financial revenues per unit area were also assessed. The obtained values of grain productivity, STI, VWC and financial revenues were weighted via PCA analyses, and then introduced in a novel model to estimate the efficiency of deficit irrigations (ODEI) whose results specified that the overall efficiency decreased as follows: 50 %IR < 75 %IR < 100 %IR. In conclusion, deficit irrigation is not deemed appropriate for rationalizing irrigation water while growing wheat on arid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Saad
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Amany K. Elhabbak
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H.H. Abbas
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A.E. AbdelRahman
- Division of Environmental Studies and Land Use, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo 11769, Egypt
| | - Antonio Scopa
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali (SAFE), Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy,Corresponding authors.
| | - Mohamed A. Bassouny
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt,Corresponding authors.
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16
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LHC-like Proteins: The Guardians of Photosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032503. [PMID: 36768826 PMCID: PMC9916820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of chlorophyll-containing light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) was a crucial milestone in the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins form complexes in proximity to the reaction centres of photosystems I and II and serve as an antenna, funnelling the harvested light energy towards the reaction centres, facilitating photochemical quenching, thereby optimizing photosynthesis. It is now generally accepted that the LHC proteins evolved from LHC-like proteins, a diverse family of proteins containing up to four transmembrane helices. Interestingly, LHC-like proteins do not participate in light harvesting to elevate photosynthesis activity under low light. Instead, they protect the photosystems by dissipating excess energy and taking part in non-photochemical quenching processes. Although there is evidence that LHC-like proteins are crucial factors of photoprotection, the roles of only a few of them, mainly the stress-related psbS and lhcSR, are well described. Here, we summarize the knowledge gained regarding the evolution and function of the various LHC-like proteins, with emphasis on those strongly related to photoprotection. We further suggest LHC-like proteins as candidates for improving photosynthesis in significant food crops and discuss future directions in their research.
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17
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Kumar A, Pandey SS, Kumar D, Tripathi BN. Genetic manipulation of photosynthesis to enhance crop productivity under changing environmental conditions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:1-21. [PMID: 36319887 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Current global agricultural production needs to be increased to feed the unconstrained growing population. The changing climatic condition due to anthropogenic activities also makes the conditions more challenging to meet the required crop productivity in the future. The increase in crop productivity in the post green revolution era most likely became stagnant, or no major enhancement in crop productivity observed. In this review article, we discuss the emerging approaches for the enhancement of crop production along with dealing to the future climate changes like rise in temperature, increase in precipitation and decrease in snow and ice level, etc. At first, we discuss the efforts made for the genetic manipulation of chlorophyll metabolism, antenna engineering, electron transport chain, carbon fixation, and photorespiratory processes to enhance the photosynthesis of plants and to develop tolerance in plants to cope with changing environmental conditions. The application of CRISPR to enhance the crop productivity and develop abiotic stress-tolerant plants to face the current changing climatic conditions is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, India
| | - Shiv Shanker Pandey
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, India.
| | - Dhananjay Kumar
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Department of Botany and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, 246 174, India.
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, India
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Raj SRG, Nadarajah K. QTL and Candidate Genes: Techniques and Advancement in Abiotic Stress Resistance Breeding of Major Cereals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010006. [PMID: 36613450 PMCID: PMC9820233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At least 75% of the world's grain production comes from the three most important cereal crops: rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and maize (Zea mays). However, abiotic stressors such as heavy metal toxicity, salinity, low temperatures, and drought are all significant hazards to the growth and development of these grains. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) discovery and mapping have enhanced agricultural production and output by enabling plant breeders to better comprehend abiotic stress tolerance processes in cereals. Molecular markers and stable QTL are important for molecular breeding and candidate gene discovery, which may be utilized in transgenic or molecular introgression. Researchers can now study synteny between rice, maize, and wheat to gain a better understanding of the relationships between the QTL or genes that are important for a particular stress adaptation and phenotypic improvement in these cereals from analyzing reports on QTL and candidate genes. An overview of constitutive QTL, adaptive QTL, and significant stable multi-environment and multi-trait QTL is provided in this article as a solid framework for use and knowledge in genetic enhancement. Several QTL, such as DRO1 and Saltol, and other significant success cases are discussed in this review. We have highlighted techniques and advancements for abiotic stress tolerance breeding programs in cereals, the challenges encountered in introgressing beneficial QTL using traditional breeding techniques such as mutation breeding and marker-assisted selection (MAS), and the in roads made by new breeding methods such as genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, and meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis. A combination of these conventional and modern breeding approaches can be used to apply the QTL and candidate gene information in genetic improvement of cereals against abiotic stresses.
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Nowicka B. Modifications of Phytohormone Metabolism Aimed at Stimulation of Plant Growth, Improving Their Productivity and Tolerance to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Factors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3430. [PMID: 36559545 PMCID: PMC9781743 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing human population, the increase in crop yield is an important challenge for modern agriculture. As abiotic and biotic stresses cause severe losses in agriculture, it is also crucial to obtain varieties that are more tolerant to these factors. In the past, traditional breeding methods were used to obtain new varieties displaying demanded traits. Nowadays, genetic engineering is another available tool. An important direction of the research on genetically modified plants concerns the modification of phytohormone metabolism. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art research concerning the modulation of phytohormone content aimed at the stimulation of plant growth and the improvement of stress tolerance. It aims to provide a useful basis for developing new strategies for crop yield improvement by genetic engineering of phytohormone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Singh J, Garai S, Das S, Thakur JK, Tripathy BC. Role of C4 photosynthetic enzyme isoforms in C3 plants and their potential applications in improving agronomic traits in crops. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:233-258. [PMID: 36309625 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As compared to C3, C4 plants have higher photosynthetic rates and better tolerance to high temperature and drought. These traits are highly beneficial in the current scenario of global warming. Interestingly, all the genes of the C4 photosynthetic pathway are present in C3 plants, although they are involved in diverse non-photosynthetic functions. Non-photosynthetic isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (CA), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), the decarboxylating enzymes NAD/NADP-malic enzyme (NAD/NADP-ME), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and finally pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) catalyze reactions that are essential for major plant metabolism pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, maintenance of cellular pH, uptake of nutrients and their assimilation. Consistent with this view differential expression pattern of these non-photosynthetic C3 isoforms has been observed in different tissues across the plant developmental stages, such as germination, grain filling, and leaf senescence. Also abundance of these C3 isoforms is increased considerably in response to environmental fluctuations particularly during abiotic stress. Here we review the vital roles played by C3 isoforms of C4 enzymes and the probable mechanisms by which they help plants in acclimation to adverse growth conditions. Further, their potential applications to increase the agronomic trait value of C3 crops is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Sampurna Garai
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Zhou X, Yin Y, Wang G, Amombo E, Li X, Xue Y, Fu J. Mitigation of salt stress on low temperature in bermudagrass: resistance and forage quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042855. [PMID: 36388506 PMCID: PMC9650215 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change causes plants encountering several abiotic stresses simultaneously. Responses of plants to a single stress has been comprehensively studied, but it is hard to speculated infer the effects of stress combination based on these researches. Here, the response mechanism of bermudagrass to low temperature and salt treatment was investigated in this study. The results showed that low temperature (LT) treatment decreased the relative growth rate, chlorophyll fluorescence transient curve, biomass, and crude fat content of bermudagrass, whereas low temperature + salt (LT+S) treatment greatly undermined these declines. Furthermore, at 6 h and 17 d, the expression levels of glyoxalase I (GLYI), Cu-Zn/superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn/SOD), peroxidase 2 (POD2), and oxidative enzyme 1(CAT1) in roots were considerably higher in the low temperature + salt treatment than in the low temperature treatment. Low temperature stress is more detrimental to bermudagrass, but mild salt addition can mitigate the damage by enhancing photosynthesis and improving the expression of antioxidant system genes (Cu-Zn/SOD, POD2 and CAT1) and glyoxalase system GLYI gene in roots. This study summarized the probable interaction mechanism of low temperature and salt stress on bermudagrass, which can provide beneficial reference for the growth of fodder in cold regions.
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Using synthetic biology to improve photosynthesis for sustainable food production. J Biotechnol 2022; 359:1-14. [PMID: 36126804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is responsible for the primary productivity and maintenance of life on Earth, boosting biological activity and contributing to the maintenance of the environment. In the past, traditional crop improvement was considered sufficient to meet food demands, but the growing demand for food coupled with climate change has modified this scenario over the past decades. However, advances in this area have not focused on photosynthesis per se but rather on fixed carbon partitioning. In short, other approaches must be used to meet an increasing agricultural demand. Thus, several paths may be followed, from modifications in leaf shape and canopy architecture, improving metabolic pathways related to CO2 fixation, the inclusion of metabolic mechanisms from other species, and improvements in energy uptake by plants. Given the recognized importance of photosynthesis, as the basis of the primary productivity on Earth, we here present an overview of the latest advances in attempts to improve plant photosynthetic performance. We focused on points considered key to the enhancement of photosynthesis, including leaf shape development, RuBisCO reengineering, Calvin-Benson cycle optimization, light use efficiency, the introduction of the C4 cycle in C3 plants and the inclusion of other CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). We further provide compelling evidence that there is still room for further improvements. Finally, we conclude this review by presenting future perspectives and possible new directions on this subject.
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Zhang S, Liu W, Cheng X, Wang Z, Yuan F, Wu W, Liao S. Evaluating the productivity of ancient Pu'er tea trees (Camellia sinensis var. assamica): a multivariate modeling approach. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:95. [PMID: 35897068 PMCID: PMC9327265 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for productive economic plant resources is increasing with the continued growth of the human population. Ancient Pu'er tea trees [Camellia sinensis var. assamica (J. W. Mast.) Kitam.] are an important ecological resource with high economic value and large interests. The study intends to explore and evaluate critical drivers affecting the species' productivity, then builds formulas and indexes to make predicting the productivity of such valuable plant resources possible and applicable. RESULTS Our analysis identified the ideal values of the seven most important environmental variables and their relative contribution (shown in parentheses) to the distribution of ancient Pu'er tea trees: annual precipitation, ca. 1245 mm (28.73%); min temperature of coldest month, ca. 4.2 °C (18.25%); precipitation of driest quarter, ca. 47.5 mm (14.45%); isothermality, 49.9% to 50.4% (14.11%); precipitation seasonality, ca. 89.2 (6.77%); temperature seasonality, ca. 391 (4.46%); and solar radiation, 12,250 to 13,250 kJ m-2 day-1 (3.28%). Productivity was indicated by the total value (viz. fresh leaf harvested multiplied by unit price) of each tree. Environmental suitability, tree growth, and management positively affected productivity; regression weights were 0.325, 0.982, and 0.075, respectively. The degree of productivity was classified as follows: > 0.8, "highly productive"; 0.5-0.8, "productive"; 0.3-0.5, "poorly productive"; and < 0.3, "unproductive". Overall, 53% of the samples were categorized as "poorly productive" or "unproductive"; thus, the management of these regions require attention. CONCLUSIONS This model improves the accuracy of the predictions of ancient Pu'er tea tree productivity and will aid future analyses of distribution shifts under climate change, as well as the identification of areas suitable for Pu'er tea tree plantations. Our modeling framework provides insights that facilitate the interpretation of abstract concepts and could be applied to other economically valuable plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiao Zhang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China.
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Wendou Liu
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinmeng Cheng
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China
| | - Zizhi Wang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengjun Yuan
- Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wengui Wu
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China
| | - Shengxi Liao
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650216, Yunnan, China.
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Lim PK, Zheng X, Goh JC, Mutwil M. Exploiting plant transcriptomic databases: Resources, tools, and approaches. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100323. [PMID: 35605200 PMCID: PMC9284291 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
There are now more than 300 000 RNA sequencing samples available, stemming from thousands of experiments capturing gene expression in organs, tissues, developmental stages, and experimental treatments for hundreds of plant species. The expression data have great value, as they can be re-analyzed by others to ask and answer questions that go beyond the aims of the study that generated the data. Because gene expression provides essential clues to where and when a gene is active, the data provide powerful tools for predicting gene function, and comparative analyses allow us to study plant evolution from a new perspective. This review describes how we can gain new knowledge from gene expression profiles, expression specificities, co-expression networks, differential gene expression, and experiment correlation. We also introduce and demonstrate databases that provide user-friendly access to these tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ken Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Xinghai Zheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Jong Ching Goh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Marek Mutwil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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Gao Y, Jia J, Lu Y, Sun K, Wang J, Wang S. Carbon transportation, transformation, and sedimentation processes at the land-river-estuary continuum. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Liu Z, Wang J, Qiu B, Ma Z, Lu T, Kang X, Yang J. Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Through Zygotic Chromosome Doubling in Eucalyptus urophylla. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870698. [PMID: 35574074 PMCID: PMC9094141 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in plant growth can bring great benefits to the forest industry. Eucalyptus urophylla is an important plantation species worldwide, and given that ploidy increases are often associated with plant phenotype changes, it was reasoned that its polyploidization may have good prospects and great significance toward its cultivation. In this study, the zygotic development period of E. urophylla was observed through paraffin sections, and a correlation between the development time of flower buds after pollination and the zygotic development period was established. On this basis, it was determined that the 25th day after pollination was the appropriate time for a high temperature to induce zygotic chromosome doubling. Then tetraploid E. urophylla was successfully obtained for the first time through zygotic chromosome doubling induced by high temperature, and the appropriate conditions were treating flower branches at 44°C for 6 h. The characterization of tetraploid E. urophylla was performed. Chromosome duplication brought about slower growing trees with thicker leaves, larger cells, higher net photosynthetic rates, and a higher content of certain secondary metabolites. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms for the variation in the tetraploid's characteristics were studied. The qRT-PCR results showed that genes mediating the tetraploid characteristics showed the same change trend as those of the characteristics, which verified that tetraploid trait variation was mainly caused by gene expression changes. Furthermore, although the tetraploid had no growth advantage compared with the diploid, it can provide important germplasm resources for future breeding, especially for the creation of triploids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Bingfa Qiu
- Guangxi Dongmen Forest Farm, Chongzuo, China
| | - Zhongcai Ma
- Guangxi Dongmen Forest Farm, Chongzuo, China
| | - Te Lu
- Science and Technology Section, Chifeng Research Institute of Forestry Science, Chifeng, China
| | - Xiangyang Kang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Zhang H, Jiang C, Lei J, Dong J, Ren J, Shi X, Zhong C, Wang X, Zhao X, Yu H. Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal key regulatory networks and potential hub genes controlling peanut chilling tolerance. Genomics 2022; 114:110285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Iqbal S, Wang X, Mubeen I, Kamran M, Kanwal I, Díaz GA, Abbas A, Parveen A, Atiq MN, Alshaya H, Zin El-Abedin TK, Fahad S. Phytohormones Trigger Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants: Outlook and Future Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:799318. [PMID: 35095971 PMCID: PMC8792739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.799318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past and present, human activities have been involved in triggering global warming, causing drought stresses that affect animals and plants. Plants are more defenseless against drought stress; and therefore, plant development and productive output are decreased. To decrease the effect of drought stress on plants, it is crucial to establish a plant feedback mechanism of resistance to drought. The drought reflex mechanisms include the physical stature physiology and biochemical, cellular, and molecular-based processes. Briefly, improving the root system, leaf structure, osmotic-balance, comparative water contents and stomatal adjustment are considered as most prominent features against drought resistance in crop plants. In addition, the signal transduction pathway and reactive clearance of oxygen are crucial mechanisms for coping with drought stress via calcium and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, auxin, gibberellin, ethylene, brassinosteroids and peptide molecules. Furthermore, microorganisms, such as fungal and bacterial organisms, play a vital role in increasing resistance against drought stress in plants. The number of characteristic loci, transgenic methods and the application of exogenous substances [nitric oxide, (C28H48O6) 24-epibrassinolide, proline, and glycine betaine] are also equally important for enhancing the drought resistance of plants. In a nutshell, the current review will mainly focus on the role of phytohormones and related mechanisms involved in drought tolerance in various crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehzad Iqbal
- Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Xiukang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Iqra Mubeen
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Disease and Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iqra Kanwal
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gonzalo A. Díaz
- Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Aqleem Abbas
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aasma Parveen
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Atiq
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huda Alshaya
- Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, NC, United States
| | - Tarek K. Zin El-Abedin
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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Liu J, Zhang X, Sheng J. Integrative Analysis of the Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Mechanism of Saline–Alkali Stress Tolerance in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Saline–alkali stress is a major abiotic stress affecting the quality and yield of crops. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (A. mongholicus) is a well-known medicine food homology species with various pharmacological effects and health benefits that can grow well in saline–alkali soil. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation of A. mongholicus plants to saline–alkali stress have not yet been clarified. Here, A. mongholicus plants were exposed to long-term saline–alkali stress (200 mmol·L -1 mixed saline–alkali solution), which limited the growth of A. mongholicus. The roots of A. mongholicus could resist long-term saline–alkali stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of osmolytes. Transcriptome analysis (via the Illumina platform) and metabolome analysis (via the Nexera UPLC Series QE Liquid Mass Coupling System) revealed that saline–alkali stress altered the activity of various metabolic pathways (e.g., amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites). A total of 3,690 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 997 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified in A. mongholicus roots under saline–alkali stress, and flavonoid-related DEGs and DAMs were significantly up-regulated. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between DEGs and DAMs related to flavonoid metabolism. MYB transcription factors might also contribute to the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. Overall, the results indicate that A. mongholicus plants adapt to saline–alkali stress by up-regulating the biosynthesis of flavonoids, which enhances the medicinal value of A. mongholicus.
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Effects of Different Soils on the Biomass and Photosynthesis of Rumex nepalensis in Subalpine Region of Southwestern China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The performance of Rumex nepalensis, an important medicinal herb, varies significantly among subalpine grasslands, shrublands and forest ecosystems in southwestern China. Plant–soil feedback is receiving increasing interest as an important driver influencing plant growth and population dynamics. However, the feedback effects of soils from different ecosystems on R. nepalensis remain poorly understood. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to identify the effects of different soil sources on the photosynthesis and biomass of R. nepalensis. R. nepalensis was grown in soils collected from the rooting zones of R. nepalensis (a grassland soil, RS treatment), Hippophae rhamnoides (a shrub soil, HS treatment), and Picea asperata (a forest soil, PS treatment). The chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rates, and biomasses of R. nepalensis differed significantly among the three soils and followed the order of RS > HS > PS. After soil sterilization, these plant parameters followed the order of RS > PS > HS. The total biomass was 16.5 times higher in sterilized PS than in unsterilized PS, indicating that the existence of soil microbes in P. asperata forest ecosystems could strongly inhibit R. nepalensis growth. The root to shoot biomass ratio of R. nepalensis was the highest in the sterilized PS but the lowest in the unsterilized PS, which showed that soil microbes in PS could change the biomass allocation. Constrained redundancy analysis and path analysis suggested that soil microbes could impact the growth of R. nepalensis via the activities of soil extracellular enzymes (e.g., β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG)) in live soils. The soil total soluble nitrogen concentration might be the main soil factor regulating R. nepalensis performance in sterilized soils. Our findings underline the importance of the soil microbes and nitrogen to R. nepalensis performance in natural ecosystems and will help to better predict plant population dynamics.
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Sherstneva O, Khlopkov A, Gromova E, Yudina L, Vetrova Y, Pecherina A, Kuznetsova D, Krutova E, Sukhov V, Vodeneev V. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as predictors of biomass accumulation and tolerance to heat and drought stress of wheat ( Triticum aestivum) plants. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:155-169. [PMID: 34813421 DOI: 10.1071/fp21209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural technologies aimed at increasing yields require the development of highly productive and stress-tolerant cultivars. Phenotyping can significantly accelerate breeding; however, no reliable markers have been identified to select the most promising cultivars at an early stage. In this work, we determined the light-induced dynamic of chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters in young seedlings of 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and evaluated potency of these parameters as predictors of biomass accumulation and stress tolerance. Dry matter accumulation positively correlated with the effective quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Φ PSIIef ) and negatively correlated with the half-time of Φ PSIIef reaching (t 1/2 (Φ PSIIef )). There was a highly significant correlation between t 1/2 (Φ PSIIef ) and dry matter accumulation with increasing prediction period. Short-term heating and drought caused an inhibition of biomass accumulation and photosynthetic activity depending on the stressor intensity. The positive correlation between the Φ PSII dark level (Φ PSIId ) in young seedlings and tolerance to a rapidly increasing short-term stressor (heating) was shown. In the case of a long-term stressor (drought), we revealed a strong negative relationship between tolerance and the level of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ). In general, the results show the potency of the ChlF parameters of young seedlings as predictors of biomass accumulation and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Sherstneva
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Andrey Khlopkov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Gromova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Lyubov Yudina
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Yana Vetrova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Anna Pecherina
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Darya Kuznetsova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Elena Krutova
- Agronomic Faculty, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, Nizhny Novgorod 603107, Russia
| | - Vladimir Sukhov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
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Agüera E, de la Haba P. Climate Change Impacts on Sunflower ( Helianthus annus L.) Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2646. [PMID: 34961117 PMCID: PMC8705722 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical, biological, and morphogenetic processes of plants are affected by ongoing climate change, causing alterations in crop development, growth, and productivity. Climate change is currently producing ecosystem modifications, making it essential to study plants with an improved adaptive capacity in the face of environmental modifications. This work examines the physiological and metabolic changes taking place during the development of sunflower plants due to environmental modifications resulting from climate change: elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and increased temperatures. Variations in growth, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism, as well as their effect on the plant's oxidative state in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants, are studied. An understanding of the effect of these interacting factors (elevated CO2 and elevated temperatures) on plant development and stress response is imperative to understand the impact of climate change on plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Agüera
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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Hussain S, Ulhassan Z, Brestic M, Zivcak M, Allakhverdiev SI, Yang X, Safdar ME, Yang W, Liu W. Photosynthesis research under climate change. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:5-19. [PMID: 34235625 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global population and climate change uncertainties have compelled increased photosynthetic efficiency and yields to ensure food security over the coming decades. Potentially, genetic manipulation and minimization of carbon or energy losses can be ideal to boost photosynthetic efficiency or crop productivity. Despite significant efforts, limited success has been achieved. There is a need for thorough improvement in key photosynthetic limiting factors, such as stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, biochemical capacity combined with Rubisco, the Calvin-Benson cycle, thylakoid membrane electron transport, nonphotochemical quenching, and carbon metabolism or fixation pathways. In addition, the mechanistic basis for the enhancement in photosynthetic adaptation to environmental variables such as light intensity, temperature and elevated CO2 requires further investigation. This review sheds light on strategies to improve plant photosynthesis by targeting these intrinsic photosynthetic limitations and external environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- К.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Xinghong Yang
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, 271018, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Iñiguez C, Aguiló-Nicolau P, Galmés J. Improving photosynthesis through the enhancement of Rubisco carboxylation capacity. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2007-2019. [PMID: 34623388 DOI: 10.1042/bst20201056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rising human population, along with the reduction in arable land and the impacts of global change, sets out the need for continuously improving agricultural resource use efficiency and crop yield (CY). Bioengineering approaches for photosynthesis optimization have largely demonstrated the potential for enhancing CY. This review is focused on the improvement of Rubisco functioning, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation required for plant growth, but also catalyzes the ribulose-bisphosphate oxygenation initiating the carbon and energy wasteful photorespiration pathway. Rubisco carboxylation capacity can be enhanced by engineering the Rubisco large and/or small subunit genes to improve its catalytic traits, or by engineering the mechanisms that provide enhanced Rubisco expression, activation and/or elevated [CO2] around the active sites to favor carboxylation over oxygenation. Recent advances have been made in the expression, assembly and activation of foreign (either natural or mutant) faster and/or more CO2-specific Rubisco versions. Some components of CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) from bacteria, algae and C4 plants has been successfully expressed in tobacco and rice. Still, none of the transformed plant lines expressing foreign Rubisco versions and/or simplified CCM components were able to grow faster than wild type plants under present atmospheric [CO2] and optimum conditions. However, the results obtained up to date suggest that it might be achievable in the near future. In addition, photosynthetic and yield improvements have already been observed when manipulating Rubisco quantity and activation degree in crops. Therefore, engineering Rubisco carboxylation capacity continues being a promising target for the improvement in photosynthesis and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Iñiguez
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears-INAGEA, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pere Aguiló-Nicolau
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears-INAGEA, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Jeroni Galmés
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears-INAGEA, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Can Electrophysiological Parameters Substitute for Growth, and Photosynthetic Parameters to Characterize the Response of Mulberry and Paper Mulberry to Drought? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10091772. [PMID: 34579304 PMCID: PMC8470290 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a key factor restricting plant survival, growth and development. The physiological parameters of plants are commonly used to determine the water status, in order to irrigate appropriately and save water. In this study, mulberry (Morus alba L.) and paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.) seedlings were used as experimental materials, and four soil moisture treatments were set up for both plant species: 70–75% (CK: the control group, referred to as T0), 55–60% (T1: mild drought), 40–45% (T2: moderate drought), and 25–30% (T3: severe drought). The growth parameter of the plants was measured every two days from the onset of the treatment, the photosynthetic and electrophysiological parameters of the plants were measured every other week for a total of five times. The physiological responses and electrophysiological traits of leaves under different treatment levels were analyzed. The results showed that the photosynthetic and electrophysiological parameters could characterize the response of mulberry growth and development to soil water, and the growth and electrophysiological parameters could characterize the response of paper mulberry growth and development to soil water. Mild drought had no significant effects on the growth and development of mulberry and paper mulberry.
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Wu W, Liao T, Du K, Wei H, Kang X. Transcriptome comparison of different ploidy reveals the mechanism of photosynthetic efficiency superiority of triploid poplar. Genomics 2021; 113:2211-2220. [PMID: 34022341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triploid poplars have obvious growth advantages, especially in leaf development and photosynthetic characteristics, but the molecular mechanism has not been revealed yet. In order to better understand the regulation mechanisms of leaf and chlorophyll development in the triploid poplars, we combined the leaf phenotypic data with the transcriptomic data of the 5th, 10th, and 25th leaves from triploid and diploid poplars, using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and revealed that PpnGRF5-1 had a strong correlation with leaf development and net photosynthetic rate (Pn). PpnGRF5-1 overexpression transgenic plants showed that the leaf area, Pn, and chlorophyll concentration were significantly increased. Transcriptomic data analysis of the third leaf from PpnGRF5-1 overexpression transgenic plants showed that PpnGRF5-1 could up-regulate the expression levels of chlorophyll synthesis genes and down-regulate the transcription of chlorophyll degradation enzymes. Overall, our studies have greatly expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating triploid growth dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Ting Liao
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Kang Du
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Hairong Wei
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States
| | - Xiangyang Kang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Aliakbari M, Cohen SP, Lindlöf A, Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi R. Rubisco activase A (RcaA) is a central node in overlapping gene network of drought and salinity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and may contribute to combined stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 161:248-258. [PMID: 33652257 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-occurrence of abiotic stresses, especially drought and salinity, is a natural phenomenon in field conditions and is worse for crop production than any single stress. Nowadays, rigorous methods of meta-analysis and systems biology have made it possible to perform cross-study comparisons of single stress experiments, which can uncover main overlapping mechanisms underlying tolerance to combined stress. In this study, a meta-analysis of RNA-Seq data was conducted to obtain the overlapping gene network of drought and salinity stresses in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which identified Rubisco activase A (RcaA) as a hub gene in the dual-stress response. Thereafter, a greenhouse experiment was carried out using two barley genotypes with different abiotic stress tolerance and evaluated several physiochemical properties as well as the expression profile and protein activity of RcaA. Finally, machine learning analysis was applied to uncover relationships among combined stress tolerance and evaluated properties. We identified 441 genes which were differentially expressed under both drought and salinity stress. Results revealed that the photosynthesis pathway and, in particular, the RcaA gene are major components of the dual-stress responsive transcriptome. Comparative physiochemical and molecular evaluations further confirmed that enhanced photosynthesis capability, mainly through regulation of RcaA expression and activity as well as accumulation of proline content, have a significant association with combined drought and salinity stress tolerance in barley. Overall, our results clarify the importance of RcaA in combined stress tolerance and may provide new insights for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massume Aliakbari
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Stephen P Cohen
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA
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Dong J, Cao L, Zhang X, Zhang W, Yang T, Zhang J, Che D. An R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor RmMYB108 Responds to Chilling Stress of Rosa multiflora and Conferred Cold Tolerance of Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:696919. [PMID: 34386027 PMCID: PMC8353178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.696919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A sudden cooling in the early spring or late autumn negatively impacts the plant growth and development. Although a number of studies have characterized the role of the transcription factors (TFs) of plant R2R3-myeloblastosis (R2R3-MYB) in response to biotic and abiotic stress, plant growth, and primary and specific metabolisms, much less is known about their role in Rosa multiflora under chilling stress. In the present study, RmMYB108, which encodes a nuclear-localized R2R3-MYB TF with a self-activation activity, was identified based on the earlier published RNA-seq data of R. multiflora plants exposed to short-term low-temperature stress and also on the results of prediction of the gene function referring Arabidopsis. The RmMYB108 gene was induced by stress due to chilling, salt, and drought and was expressed in higher levels in the roots than in the leaves. The heterologous expression of RmMYB108 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly enhanced the tolerance of transgenic plants to freezing, water deficit, and high salinity, enabling higher survival and growth rates, earlier flowering and silique formation, and better seed quantity and quality compared with the wild-type (WT) plants. When exposed to a continuous low-temperature stress at 4°C, transgenic Arabidopsis lines-overexpressing RmMYB108 showed higher activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, lower relative conductivity, and lower malondialdehyde content than the WT. Moreover, the initial fluorescence (F o) and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (F v/F m) changed more dramatically in the WT than in transgenic plants. Furthermore, the expression levels of cold-related genes involved in the ICE1 (Inducer of CBF expression 1)-CBFs (C-repeat binding factors)-CORs (Cold regulated genes) cascade were higher in the overexpression lines than in the WT. These results suggest that RmMYB108 was positively involved in the tolerance responses when R. multiflora was exposed to challenges against cold, freeze, salt, or drought and improved the cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis by reducing plant damage and promoting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Cao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Horticultural Research Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinzhu Zhang,
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Daidi Che,
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Ma S, Lv L, Meng C, Zhang C, Li Y. Integrative Analysis of the Metabolome and Transcriptome of Sorghum bicolor Reveals Dynamic Changes in Flavonoids Accumulation under Saline-Alkali Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14781-14789. [PMID: 33274637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
With the perpetuation of soil salinization, it is imperative to improve the salt and alkaline tolerance of crops. Sorghum bicolor, a C4 crop, is often grown in semiarid areas due to its high tolerance of various abiotic stresses. Whether to improve the resistance of the sorghum itself or that of other crops, it is necessary to understand the response of sorghum under saline-alkali stress. An integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome of sorghum under normal conditions and treatments of moderate and severe saline-alkali stress was performed. Among the different accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), flavonoid-related DAMs and DEGs were clearly changed. The level of flavonoids was increased under saline-alkali stress, and the change in flavonoids was dynamic as to whether total flavonoids or most flavonoid components accumulated more under moderate saline-alkali stress compared to severe stress. Some flavonoid metabolites were significantly correlated with the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes. MYB transcription factors may also contribute to the regulation of flavonoids levels. These findings present the dynamic changes and possible molecular mechanisms of flavonoids under different saline-alkali stresses and provide a foundation for future research and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China, 266101
| | - Lin Lv
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China, 266101
| | - Chen Meng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China, 266101
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China, 266101
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China, 266101
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Gudkov SV, Simakin AV, Bunkin NF, Shafeev GA, Astashev ME, Glinushkin AP, Grinberg MA, Vodeneev VA. Development and application of photoconversion fluoropolymer films for greenhouses located at high or polar latitudes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 213:112056. [PMID: 33142218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To convert and store energy in the process of photosynthesis, plants primarily use quanta of the red and blue parts of the spectrum. At high latitudes, the average daily intensity of red and blue parts of the spectrum is not very high; for many crops cultivated under greenhouse conditions, it reaches the sufficient level only on clear summer days. The problem of insufficient illumination in greenhouses is usually solved with artificial light sources. This article describes a technology for the manufacture of photoconversion fluoropolymer films for greenhouses. The fluoropolymer films described in the paper make use of original gold nanoparticles and nanoparticles with fluorescence in the blue or red region of the spectrum. In the polymer film, nanoparticles aggregate in the form of "beads", which enhances the field of the optical wave. The film photoconverts UV and violet light into blue and red light. Gold nanoparticles also partially convert energy in the green region of the spectrum (not used by plants) into heat, which is also important for agriculture at high latitudes. In addition, impregnation of gold nanoparticles into fluoropolymer significantly increases the lifetime of the film. The films described in the paper can significantly increase the productivity of greenhouses located at high latitudes. Plants cultivated under the films have more chlorophyll and a higher intensity of photosynthesis - although their system of distance stress signals is, to a certain degree, suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Simakin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolay F Bunkin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St, Moscow 119991, Russia; Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Georgy A Shafeev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim E Astashev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., Pushchino, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey P Glinushkin
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopatology, ul. Institut 5, Bolshie Vyazemy, Moscow 143050, Russia
| | - Marina A Grinberg
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Vodeneev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
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Leaf Transcriptome and Weight Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Uncovers Genes Associated with Photosynthetic Efficiency in Camellia oleifera. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:398-421. [PMID: 33040171 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Camellia oleifera Abel. (C. oleifera) as an important economic tree species in China has drawn growing attention because of its highly commercial, medic, cosmetic, and ornamental value. To deepen our understanding about the photosynthetic characters during the whole developmental stage as well as the molecular basis of photosynthesis, a comparative analysis of the leaf transcriptome of two C. oleifera cultivars, 'Guoyou No.13' (GY13) and 'Xianglin No.82' (XL82), with different photosynthetic characteristics from May to September has been conducted. In this study, a group of genes related to photosynthesis, hormone regulation, circadian clock and transcription factor, involved in the photosynthetic advantage. Photosynthetic parameters from May to September of these two cultivars provided evidence supporting photosynthetic advantage of GY13 compared to XL82. In addition, expression levels of 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). To screen gene clusters and hub genes that might directly regulated the photosynthetic differences between cultivars, a Weight Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was conducted. Three co-expression network (module) and top ten connected genes (hub genes) were identified that might play crucial role in the regulatory network of photosynthesis. The results not only showed multiple functional genes that might involve in the differences of photosynthetic characteristics between cultivars, but also provide some evidences for the heat tolerance might be an important character which helps GY13 kept higher photosynthetic parameters than XL82 during the developmental stage. In summary, our transcriptomic approach together with RT-PCR tests allowed us to expand our understanding of the characters of C. oleifera cultivars with different photosynthetic efficiency during the developmental stage and to further exploring new candidate genes involve in high photosynthetic efficiency in molecular-assisted breeding program of C. oleifera.
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Sultana N, Islam S, Juhasz A, Yang R, She M, Alhabbar Z, Zhang J, Ma W. Transcriptomic Study for Identification of Major Nitrogen Stress Responsive Genes in Australian Bread Wheat Cultivars. Front Genet 2020; 11:583785. [PMID: 33193713 PMCID: PMC7554635 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.583785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in bread wheat is pivotal to sustain high productivity. Knowledge about the physiological and transcriptomic changes that regulate NUE, in particular how plants cope with nitrogen (N) stress during flowering and the grain filling period, is crucial in achieving high NUE. Nitrogen response is differentially manifested in different tissues and shows significant genetic variability. A comparative transcriptome study was carried out using RNA-seq analysis to investigate the effect of nitrogen levels on gene expression at 0 days post anthesis (0 DPA) and 10 DPA in second leaf and grain tissues of three Australian wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties that were known to have varying NUEs. A total of 12,344 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under nitrogen stress where down-regulated DEGs were predominantly associated with carbohydrate metabolic process, photosynthesis, light-harvesting, and defense response, whereas the up-regulated DEGs were associated with nucleotide metabolism, proteolysis, and transmembrane transport under nitrogen stress. Protein–protein interaction and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis further revealed that highly interacted down-regulated DEGs were involved in light-harvesting and photosynthesis, and up-regulated DEGs were mostly involved in steroid biosynthesis under N stress. The common down-regulated genes across the cultivars included photosystem II 10 kDa polypeptide family proteins, plant protein 1589 of uncharacterized protein function, etc., whereas common up-regulated genes included glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, placenta-specific8 (PLAC8) family protein, and a sulfate transporter. On the other hand, high NUE cultivar Mace responded to nitrogen stress by down-regulation of a stress-related gene annotated as beta-1,3-endoglucanase and pathogenesis-related protein (PR-4, PR-1) and up-regulation of MYB/SANT domain-containing RADIALIS (RAD)-like transcription factors. The medium NUE cultivar Spitfire and low NUE cultivar Volcani demonstrated strong down-regulation of Photosystem II 10 kDa polypeptide family protein and predominant up-regulation of 11S globulin seed storage protein 2 and protein transport protein Sec61 subunit gamma. In grain tissue, most of the DEGs were related to nitrogen metabolism and proteolysis. The DEGs with high abundance in high NUE cultivar can be good candidates to develop nitrogen stress-tolerant variety with improved NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigarin Sultana
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shahidul Islam
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Angela Juhasz
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Rongchang Yang
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Maoyun She
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zaid Alhabbar
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Tang X, Ghimire S, Liu W, Fu X, Zhang H, Zhang N, Si H. Potato E3 ubiquitin ligase PUB27 negatively regulates drought tolerance by mediating stomatal movement. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:557-563. [PMID: 32912489 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is one of the main ways of eukaryotic protein degradation and post-translational modification. It has proven as an essential process for plants to respond to abiotic stresses. Plant U-box (PUB) protein acts as a ubiquitin ligase, which recognizes and ubiquitinates the target proteins. Many PUBs have been involved in water stress in Arabidopsis and rice, but similar comprehensive studies in potato remained limited. In this study, the overexpressed and interfered transgenic potato plants of StPUB27 were obtained and their performances were evaluated under osmotic stress. The result showed that overexpression of StPUB27 accelerated the dehydration of detached leaves companied with greater stomatal conductance, while the down-regulated StPUB27 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) showed a smaller stomatal conductance and a lower rate of water loss in detached leaves, thus showing higher tolerance to osmotic stress. In addition, no significant changes in the proline content were observed between StPUB27 overexpressed and RNAi potato plants. The result demonstrated that potato E3 ubiquitin ligase PUB27 may negatively regulate drought tolerance by mediating stomatal conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shantwana Ghimire
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Fu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaijun Si
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Possibility of Increasing the Growth and Photosynthetic Properties of Precocious Walnut by Grafting. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12125178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth characteristics after grafting are mainly dependent on photosynthesis performance, which may be influenced by grafting combinations with different rootstocks and scions. In this study, we used one-year-old walnut grafts to investigate the grafting compatibility between precocious (‘Liaoning 1’, L) and hybrid (‘Zhong Ning Sheng’, Z) walnut, as well as rootstock and scion impact on the growth and photosynthetic properties of walnut trees. The results showed that grafting compatibility between the two varieties is high, with survival rates upward of 86%. Overwintering survival of grafted seedlings was as high as 100%, which indicated that the allopolyploid had good resistance to low-temperature stress. The homograft of the hybrid walnut had the highest net photosynthesis rate (18.77 μmol·m−2s−1, Z/Z) and growth characteristics, which could be due to its higher transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, whereas the homograft of precocious walnut presented the lowest net photosynthesis rate (15.08 μmol·m−2s−1, L/L) and growth characteristics. Significant improvements in the net photosynthesis rate (15.97 and 15.24 μmol·m−2s−1 for L/Z and Z/L, respectively) and growth characteristics of precocious walnut were noticed during grafting of the hybrid walnut, which could have been contributed by their transpiration rate. The results of this study serve as a guide for the selection and breeding of good rootstock to improve plant growth characteristics and photosynthetic efficiency. We conclude that good rootstock selection improves plant growth potential and could play an important role in sustainable production.
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45
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Weiss R, Guebitz GM, Pellis A, Nyanhongo GS. Harnessing the Power of Enzymes for Tailoring and Valorizing Lignin. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1215-1231. [PMID: 32423726 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a structural component of lignocellulosic plants, is an alternative raw material with enormous potential to replace diminishing fossil-based resources for the sustainable production of many chemicals and materials. Unfortunately, lignin's heterogeneity, low reactivity, and strong intra- and intermolecular hydrogen interactions and modifications introduced during the pulping process present significant technical challenges. However, the increasing ability to tailor lignin biosynthesis pathways by targeting enzymes and the continued discovery of more robust biocatalysts are enabling the synthesis of novel valuable products. This review summarizes how enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathways and microbial enzymes are being harnessed to produce chemicals and materials and to upgrade lignin properties for the synthesis of a variety of value-added lignin industrial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Weiss
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Gibson S Nyanhongo
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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46
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Batista-Silva W, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Martins AO, Zsögön A, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Engineering Improved Photosynthesis in the Era of Synthetic Biology. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100032. [PMID: 33367233 PMCID: PMC7747996 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been given to the enhancement of photosynthesis as a strategy for the optimization of crop productivity. As traditional plant breeding is most likely reaching a plateau, there is a timely need to accelerate improvements in photosynthetic efficiency by means of novel tools and biotechnological solutions. The emerging field of synthetic biology offers the potential for building completely novel pathways in predictable directions and, thus, addresses the global requirements for higher yields expected to occur in the 21st century. Here, we discuss recent advances and current challenges of engineering improved photosynthesis in the era of synthetic biology toward optimized utilization of solar energy and carbon sources to optimize the production of food, fiber, and fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Batista-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Paula da Fonseca-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Agustín Zsögön
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
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47
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Do Ru A, Çak Rlar H. Is leaf age a predictor for cold tolerance in winter oilseed rape plants? FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:250-262. [PMID: 32024581 DOI: 10.1071/fp19200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, low temperature-dependent physiological changes were investigated through photosynthetic activity and some endogenous mechanisms in two winter oilseed rape cultivars (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera cvv. Eurol and Hansen) on the basis of leaf age. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements demonstrated that low temperature caused decreased photosynthetic activity in both cultivars. However, photosynthetic apparatus in the young leaves of Hansen is more tolerant to low temperature as demonstrated by lower F0 (minimum fluorescence yield) and 1-qp (excitation pressure of photosystem II), higher Fm (maximum fluorescence yield), Fv/Fm and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) compared with Eurol. In addition, young leaves of Hansen represented marked increase in some antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR)) during cold exposure. In the young leaves of Eurol, however, APX and GR activity was decreased by low temperature, indicating lower efficiency of ascorbate-glutathione cycle. Lower antioxidant activity in the young leaves of Eurol may be responsible for increased malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and membrane damage and decreased chlorophyll content as a result of oxidative damage during cold exposure. In the cold-stressed mature leaves, both cultivars represented similar antioxidant capacities and photosynthetic efficiency. As a consequence, coordinated increase in SOD, APX and GR activities, increased capacity to keep quinone A (QA) in an oxidised state (as indicated by lower 1-qp) and accumulation of soluble sugar and proline could be mainly attributed to higher level of tolerance of the young leaves of Hansen to low temperature when compared with Eurol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Do Ru
- Sakarya University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Esentepe, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey; and Corresponding author.
| | - Hüsnü Çak Rlar
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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Guo J, Li H, Zhou C, Yang Y. Effects of Flag Leaf and Number of Vegetative Ramets on Sexual Reproductive Performance in the Clonal Grass Leymus chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:534278. [PMID: 33193474 PMCID: PMC7661390 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.534278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction is vital for population adaptation in clonal plants. The flag leaf is considered to be the primary contributor to sexual reproduction in cereal crops, and there is no unified conclusion on the effect of the number of vegetative ramets on grain yield. However, what effects of the flag leaf and the number of vegetative ramets on sexual reproductive performance of clonal grasses are largely unknown. To test this, under field natural conditions, we grew the rhizomatous grass Leymus chinensis in a homogeneous environment and conducted studies concerning the growth, reproduction and physiology of reproductive ramets in clonal populations. We measured the growth characteristics of different aged leaves, dynamically measured the net photosynthetic rate of different aged leaves and organ biomass, measured the sexual reproductive characteristics of reproductive ramets that had different numbers of connecting vegetative ramets, and performed isotope (15N) labeling of ramet pairs at the seed-filling stage. In L. chinensis clonal populations, from the heading stage, the photosynthetic contribution of the functional leaves to seed production was much greater than that of the flag leaf; the photosynthetic capacity of both the functional leaves and the flag leaf all gradually declined. Vegetative ramets translocated their own resources to the connected reproductive ramets, and a large proportion of translocated resources were allocated to the leaf and stem to sustain life activities; increase in the number of connecting vegetative ramets increased floret number, seed number, seed-setting rate, inflorescence biomass, seed biomass, and reproductive allocation of reproductive ramets, and these parameters significantly and positively correlated with the biomass of connecting vegetative ramets. We conclude that the functional leaf rather than the flag leaf of L. chinensis is the primary contributor to seed production. Reproductive ramets adopt a strategy of growth first and reproduction later to allocate the translocated resources between the organs, but vegetative ramets are very advantageous for sexual reproduction under the tillering node connection form in L. chinensis. Overall, our study implies that vegetative ramets not only play an important role in the spatial expansion but also in the sexual reproduction of clonal plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Li,
| | - Chan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Yunfei Yang,
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Djukić N, Knežević D, Pantelić D, Živančev D, Torbica A, Marković S. Expression of protein synthesis elongation factors in winter wheat and oat in response to heat stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:153015. [PMID: 31377481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our work was to examine the expression and accumulation of EF-Tu and eEF1A in grain filing stage of five genotypes of winter wheat and one oat genotype in conditions of heat stress. In addition, the correlation between accumulation of elongation factors eEF1A and EF-Tu, and yield components of cereals in the field was investigated. Flag leaf protein samples were analyzed by immunoblotting. Flag leaves were collected under conditions of moderate (23 °C; MT) and high air temperature (38 °C; HT) in a field experiment. After the harvest, grain yield was determined. The yield components, the weight of dry seed and grains number per spike, were assessed in the stage of full physiological maturity of investigated cultivars. Obtained results revealed a difference in the level of EF-Tu accumulation both under conditions of moderate air temperatures and conditions of heat stress among investigated cultivars. Cultivar Zvezdana was the only one that showed increase in EF-Tu accumulation under HT (25%) compared to MT. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the highest increase of eEF1A accumulation (43%) in relation to moderate temperature was detected in cultivar Talas. A significant, positive, linear correlation was found between the expression of eEF1A and small grains productivity under heat-stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Djukić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Desimir Knežević
- University of Priština, Faculty of Agriculture, Kosovska Mitrovica, Kopaonicka bb, Lešak, Kosovo and Metohia, Serbia
| | - Danijel Pantelić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bul. Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Živančev
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Torbica
- University of Novi Sad, Institute for Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Stefan Marković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Nowicka B. Target genes for plant productivity improvement. J Biotechnol 2019; 298:21-34. [PMID: 30978366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as the development of high-yielding varieties enabled substantial increase in crop productivity during the 20th century. However, the increase in yield over the last two decades has been slower. It is thought that further improvement in productivity of the major crop species using traditional cultivation methods is limited. Therefore, the use of genetic engineering seems to be a promising approach. There is ongoing research concerning genes that have an impact on plant growth, development and yield. The proteins and miRNAs encoded by these genes participate in a variety of processes, such as growth regulation, assimilate transport and partitioning as well as macronutrient uptake and metabolism. This paper presents the major directions in research concerning genes that may be targets of genetic engineering aimed to improve plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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