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Wang M, Zhou Y, Fan L, Li J. Stabilization of all-natural water-in-oil high internal phase pickering emulsion by using diosgenin/soybean phosphatidylethanolamine complex: Characterization and application in 3D printing. Food Chem 2024; 448:139145. [PMID: 38555692 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to prepare an all-natural water-in-oil high internal phase Pickering emulsion (W/O-HIPPE) using diosgenin/soybean phosphatidylethanolamine complex (DGSP) and investigate the 3D printing performance. Results suggested that the self-assembly of diosgenin crystal was modified by SP in DGSP (diosgenin-SP ratios at 3:1 and 1:1), revealing a variation from large-size outward radiating needle-like to small-size granular-like shape, which facilitated closely packing at the interface. Hydrophilicity of DGSP was also increased (contact angle varying from 133.3 o to 106.4 o), ensuring more adequate interfacial adsorption to reduce interfacial tension more largely (6.5 mN/m). Thus, the W/O-HIPPE made by DGSP with diosgenin-SP = 1:1, exhibited smaller droplets and better freeze/thawing stability. The W/O-HIPPE was also measured improved rheological properties for 3D printing: satisfied shear-thinning behavior, higher recovery and self-supporting (viscoelasticity and deformation resistance). Consequently, the W/O-HIPPE allowed for printing more delicate patterns. This work provided guidance to prepare W/O-HIPPE for 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Recourse, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Recourse, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Recourse, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Health Care Food Science and Technology, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China.
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Recourse, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Topkan E, Somay E, Selek U. Comment on: Diosgenin prevents periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and promoting osteogenic differentiation. Oral Dis 2024; 30:3538-3539. [PMID: 37870099 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Topkan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Efsun Somay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Selek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Cong S, Peng Q, Cao L, Yi Q, Liu Y, Li L, Tong Q, Liang D. Diosgenin prevents periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and promoting osteogenic differentiation. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2497-2510. [PMID: 37593795 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Diosgenin, an essential dietary steroidal sapogenin, possess multiple pharmacological activities. This study aimed to assess the effects of diosgenin on periodontitis and elucidate the mechanisms. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLCs) and a Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) plus ligation-induced animal model were used for in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. Inflammatory responses, nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) signaling and osteogenesis-related markers were measured both in LPS-stimulated hPDLSCs and in gingival tissue of periodontitis rats. Treatment with diosgenin significantly inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and interleukin (IL)-6 and the activation of NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated hPDLSCs. Further, treatment with diosgenin enhanced the expression of osteoblast-related genes and increased the osteogenic differentiation capacity. Further, activation NF-κB pathway largely abolished the protective effects of diosgenin. Consistent with the in vitro studies, in vivo studies showed that administering diosgenin to periodontitis rats significantly lowered the levels of the TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in gingival tissue. In addition, osteoblast-related genes were promoted. Diosgenin attenuates periodontitis by adjusting NF-κB signaling to inhibit inflammatory effects and promoting osteogenesis, suggesting diosgenin might be developed as a therapeutic strategy for treating periodontitis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Cong
- Department of Stomatology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liou Cao
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Yi
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linhui Li
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingchun Tong
- Department of Stomatology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyu Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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4
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Faisal Z, Irfan R, Akram N, Manzoor HMI, Aabdi MA, Anwar MJ, Khawar S, Saif A, Shah YA, Afzaal M, Desta DT. The multifaceted potential of fenugreek seeds: From health benefits to food and nanotechnology applications. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2294-2310. [PMID: 38628211 PMCID: PMC11016425 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The present lifestyle, dietary patterns, psychological pressure, environmental factors, and the widespread exploitation of processed substances in food production and farming have collectively contributed to a substantial expediting in the development of various health problems. Globally, researchers have been seeking natural pharmaceutical substances with the potential to be employed in treating lifestyle-related diseases or delaying their onset. Fenugreek seeds have gained significant attention in various fields, including health, nutrition, and cutting-edge nanotechnology applications, due to their versatile qualities. The current investigation offers a comprehensive discussion of the nutritional composition and therapeutic potential of fenugreek seeds, with an emphasis on their plentiful reservoir of bioactive compounds. This seed demonstrates promising medicinal potential in addressing a wide range of health issues. Significantly, these findings indicate noteworthy properties, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-obesity, hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects. Moreover, the components of fenugreek seeds are important in the development of a multitude of foods, which is the reason why they are used extensively in the area of food research. In addition to their nutritional value, their exploration of nanotechnology reveals a promising domain, utilizing the distinctive characteristics of seeds for many purposes, such as nanoparticle synthesis and oil for edible films and nanoemulsions. This review article focuses on a comprehensive analysis of fenugreek seeds, examining their wide-ranging applications in the fields of health, nutrition, food, and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zargham Faisal
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Rushba Irfan
- Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Noor Akram
- Department of Food and NutritionGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Mohib Ali Aabdi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Anwar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Sharjeel Khawar
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Asifa Saif
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Science Research CentreUniversity of NizwaNizwaOman
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food ScienceGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Derese Tamiru Desta
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
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5
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Faisal Z, Irfan R, Akram N, Manzoor HMI, Aabdi MA, Anwar MJ, Khawar S, Saif A, Shah YA, Afzaal M, Desta DT. The multifaceted potential of fenugreek seeds: From health benefits to food and nanotechnology applications. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2294-2310. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present lifestyle, dietary patterns, psychological pressure, environmental factors, and the widespread exploitation of processed substances in food production and farming have collectively contributed to a substantial expediting in the development of various health problems. Globally, researchers have been seeking natural pharmaceutical substances with the potential to be employed in treating lifestyle‐related diseases or delaying their onset. Fenugreek seeds have gained significant attention in various fields, including health, nutrition, and cutting‐edge nanotechnology applications, due to their versatile qualities. The current investigation offers a comprehensive discussion of the nutritional composition and therapeutic potential of fenugreek seeds, with an emphasis on their plentiful reservoir of bioactive compounds. This seed demonstrates promising medicinal potential in addressing a wide range of health issues. Significantly, these findings indicate noteworthy properties, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti‐obesity, hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects. Moreover, the components of fenugreek seeds are important in the development of a multitude of foods, which is the reason why they are used extensively in the area of food research. In addition to their nutritional value, their exploration of nanotechnology reveals a promising domain, utilizing the distinctive characteristics of seeds for many purposes, such as nanoparticle synthesis and oil for edible films and nanoemulsions. This review article focuses on a comprehensive analysis of fenugreek seeds, examining their wide‐ranging applications in the fields of health, nutrition, food, and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zargham Faisal
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan
| | - Rushba Irfan
- Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Noor Akram
- Department of Food and Nutrition Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Mohib Ali Aabdi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Anwar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan
| | - Sharjeel Khawar
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan
| | - Asifa Saif
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Science Research Centre University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Science Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Derese Tamiru Desta
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia
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Li B, Wu Z, Xu H, Ye H, Yang X. Downregulation of lncRNA XLOC_032768 in diabetic patients predicts the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240903. [PMID: 38584844 PMCID: PMC10996977 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNA XLOC_032768 is reported to prevent renal tubular epithelial cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis, suggesting its involvement in the development of kidney injury. The present study aimed to explore the role of XLOC_032768 in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present study enrolled a total of 140 healthy controls (Control group) and 140 patients with type 2 diabetes (Diabetes group). Expression of XLOC_032768 in plasma from these participants was analyzed by performing RT-qPCR. The 140 diabetic patients were followed up for 5 years to monitor the occurrence of diabetic complications. The role of XLOC_032768 in predicting the occurrence of diabetic complications, including DN, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic foot (DF) were analyzed by plotting receiver operating characteristic curves and complication-free curves. On the day of admission, plasma levels of XLOC_032768 were not significantly different between Control and Diabetes groups. During follow-up, a total of 22, 15, 13, and 15 cases were diagnosed as DN, DC, DR, and DF, respectively. On the day of diagnosis, plasma levels of XLOC_032768 were only decreased in DN group, but not in other groups, compared to plasma levels of XLOC_032768 on the day of admission. Using plasma levels of XLOC_032768 on the day of admission as a biomarker, potential DN patients were effectively separated from patients with other potential complications and diabetic patients without complications. The 140 diabetic patients were grouped into high and low XLOC_032768 level groups. It was observed that low XLOC_032768 level group showed increased occurrence of DN, but not other complications, compared to high XLOC_032768 level group. Therefore, the downregulation of lncRNA XLOC_032768 in diabetic patients may predict the occurrence of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Li
- Department of Hemodialysis, Guangzhou Guanggang New City Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, PR China
| | - ZhiLe Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, PR China
| | - Haofeng Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, PR China
| | - HuiLing Ye
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, PR China
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Gao H, Wang Z, Zhu D, Zhao L, Xiao W. Dioscin: Therapeutic potential for diabetes and complications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116051. [PMID: 38154275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disorder with increasing incidence worldwide, posing a considerable threat to human health because of its complications. Therefore, cost-effective antidiabetic drugs with minimal side effects are urgently needed. Dioscin, a naturally occurring compound, helps to reduce the complications of diabetes mellitus by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, protecting islet β cells, improving insulin resistance, and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Plant-derived dioscin reduces the risk of toxicity and side effects associated with chemically synthesized drugs. It is a promising option for treating diabetes mellitus because of its preventive and therapeutic effects, which may be attributed to a variety of underlying mechanisms. However, data compiled by current studies are preliminary. Information about the molecular mechanism of dioscin remains limited, and no high-quality human experiments and clinical trials for testing its safety and efficacy have been conducted. As a resource for research in this area, this review is expected to provide a systematic framework for the application of dioscin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Gao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance (Shanghai University of sport), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance (Shanghai University of sport), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Danlin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance (Shanghai University of sport), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance (Shanghai University of sport), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance (Shanghai University of sport), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Zhou Y, Xu B. New insights into anti-diabetes effects and molecular mechanisms of dietary saponins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12372-12397. [PMID: 35866515 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin, bringing a heavy load on the global health care system. Considering the inevitable side effects of conventional anti-diabetic drugs, saponins-rich natural products exert promising therapeutic properties to serve as safer and more cost-effective alternatives for DM management. Herein, this review systematically summarized the research progress on the anti-diabetic properties of dietary saponins and their underlying molecular mechanisms in the past 20 years. Dietary saponins possessed the multidirectional anti-diabetic capabilities by concurrent regulation of various signaling pathways, such as IRS-1/PI3K/Akt, AMPK, Nrf2/ARE, NF-κB-NLRP3, SREBP-1c, and PPARγ, in liver, pancreas, gut, and skeletal muscle. However, the industrialization and commercialization of dietary saponin-based drugs are confronted with a significant challenge due to the low bioavailability and lack of the standardization. Hence, in-depth evaluations in pharmacological profile, function-structure interaction, drug-signal pathway interrelation are essential for developing dietary saponins-based anti-diabetic treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Wang Y, Xu S, Tang L, Gong J, Su D, Yang H. Piperine as a Potential Nutraceutical Agent for Managing Diabetes and Its Complications: A Literature Review. J Med Food 2023. [PMID: 37725004 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes and its related complications has increased drastically and is currently a worldwide health challenge. There is still an urgent need for safe and effective natural products and supplements as alternative and/or adjunctive therapeutic interventions. Nowadays, people pay more and more attention to the nutritional and medicinal value of food ingredients. As one of the most widely employed spices in cooking, pepper also has novel medicinal values attributed to its main component, piperine (Pip). Pip is an amide alkaloid with pleiotropic properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and other related activities. Recently, Pip has received increasing scientific attention due to its antidiabetic and related complication properties. However, the values of existing studies are limited due to being scattered and unsystematic. The present study reviewed the therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of Pip in diabetes and related complications, with the aim of providing promising candidates for the development of novel and effective alternative and/or adjunctive nutraceutical agents for the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the First Peoples's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lidan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jinhong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Isenmann E, Alisauskas P, Flenker U, Schalla J, Diel P. The Anabolic Effect of Fenugreek: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Int J Sports Med 2023; 44:692-703. [PMID: 37253363 DOI: 10.1055/a-2048-5925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of plant steroids to improve physical health and performance is becoming increasingly popular. One of these plant steroids is diosgenin, which is mainly available in fenugreek. As a result, some studies have been conducted to improve physical health. Fenugreek extracts are also becoming increasingly popular in the context of athletic performance. Based on these assumptions, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the promoting effects of fenugreek on strength performance, body composition, and hormone concentration. Four databases were screened according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The current version of ReviewManager (RevMan) was used for the statistical evaluation. Seven studies with 449 participants (378 male, 71 female) met the inclusion criteria. A small effect of fenugreek was detected for total testosterone (standard mean difference (SMD): 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09 0.55), free testosterone (SMD: 0.24; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.52), lean body mass (SMD: 0.19; 95% CI: -0.10, 0.49), fat mass (SMD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.44, 0.05), and leg press performance (SMD: 0.22; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.47), in male athletes. The meta-analysis shows that chronic application of fenugreek has performance-enhancing and anabolic effects in male athletes, but no statements can be made for female athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Isenmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Fitness and Health, IST University of Applied Science, Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Pijus Alisauskas
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Schalla
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Yang C, Liu H, Li X, Peng X, Rao G, Xie Z, Yang Q, Du L, Xie C. Modular characteristics and mechanism of action of herbs for type 2 diabetes treatment in Chinese medicine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20106. [PMID: 37809579 PMCID: PMC10559873 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has emerged as a global epidemic, and conventional treatment approaches often face limitations in achieving long-term glycemic control and preventing complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers a valuable alternative for managing T2D, with a long history of effectively using herbal formulations in clinical practice. However, the modular characteristics of these herbs and their specific mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. To comprehensively investigate the modular characteristics and mechanisms of Chinese herbs in treating T2D, as well as explore the synergistic interactions among different herbs and their modular components, we employed data mining, systematic pharmacology, and molecular docking. Our aim was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the potential therapeutic targets and pathways involved in herbal T2D treatment. In this study, a total of 1114 studies investigating the effects of TCM interventions in the treatment of T2D in adults were included. The analysis revealed 170 distinct types of Chinese herbs, 118 active components, and 238 common targets shared between the medicine and T2D. Additionally, this study identified six hub proteins (TNF, MMP2, PTGS, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9) and two key chemicals (Diosgenin and Formononetin) found in TCM-mediated T2D suppression. It was observed that these proteins could bind with the ingredients. The MMP2-Diosgenin interaction exhibited the lowest binding free energy (-13.05 kJ/mol) and was primarily driven by hydrogen bonds with ALA-165. TNF-Diosgenin (-10.5 kcal/mol) showed three hydrogen bonds with LEU-37, ARG-82, and ASN-30. PTGS2 and Diosgenin (-8.71 kJ/mol) demonstrated a hydrogen bond with HIS-214. Furthermore, CASP9-Formononetin (-6.53 kcal/mol) exhibited the lowest binding free energy and hydrogen bonds with GLU-261 and SER-339 as the primary forces involved. CASP3-Formononetin (-6.07 kcal/mol) displayed three hydrogen bonds with ASN-342, TRP-348, and GLU-379. Lastly, CASP8 and Formononetin (-6.06 kJ/mol) formed a hydrogen bond with THR-390, TYR-392, and TYR-334. Moreover, critical therapeutic pathways, such as the immune inflammatory response, AGE-RAGE, and IL-17 signaling pathway, were found to be associated with T2D Chinese herb therapy. In conclusion, this study sheded light on the modular characteristics and mechanism of action of herbs used in Chinese Medicine for the treatment of T2D, which provided valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners in the field of Chinese Medicine, offering potential avenues for improved treatment strategies and personalized approaches to address the complex nature of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM regulating metabolic diseases key Laboratory of Sichuan province, 610075, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqiong Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guocheng Rao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM regulating metabolic diseases key Laboratory of Sichuan province, 610075, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiangfei Yang
- Jianyang City People's Hospital, 610040,Sichuan, China
| | - Lian Du
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM regulating metabolic diseases key Laboratory of Sichuan province, 610075, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Saeedi M, Hariri R, Iraji A, Ahmadi A, Mojtabavi S, Golshani S, Faramarzi MA, Akbarzadeh T. Novel N'-substituted benzylidene benzohydrazides linked to 1,2,3-triazoles: potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8960. [PMID: 37268722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, various N'-substituted benzylidene benzohydrazide-1,2,3-triazoles were designed, synthesized, and screened for their inhibitory activity toward α-glucosidase. The structure of derivatives was confirmed using 1H- and 13C-NMR, FTIR, Mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. All derivatives exhibited good inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 0.01 to 648.90 µM, compared with acarbose as the positive control (IC50 = 752.10 µM). Among them, compounds 7a and 7h showed significant potency with IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.01 µM, respectively. The kinetic study revealed that they are noncompetitive inhibitors toward α-glucosidase. Also, fluorescence quenching was used to investigate the interaction of three inhibitors 7a, 7d, and 7h, with α-glucosidase. Accordingly, the binding constants, the number of binding sites, and values of thermodynamic parameters were determined for the interaction of candidate compounds toward the enzyme. Finally, the in silico cavity detection plus molecular docking was performed to find the allosteric site and key interactions between synthesized compounds and the target enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Shiva Golshani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Yuan H, Sui H, Li S. Diosgenin alleviates the inflammatory damage and insulin resistance in high glucose‑induced podocyte cells via the AMPK/SIRT1/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:259. [PMID: 37153902 PMCID: PMC10155255 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the predominant cause of end-stage renal disease globally. Diosgenin (DSG) has been reported to play a protective role in podocyte injury in DN. The present study aimed to explore the role of DSG in DN, as well as its mechanism of action in a high glucose (HG)-induced in vitro model of DN in podocytes. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory response and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8, TUNEL, ELISA and 2-deoxy-D-glucose assay, respectively. In addition, the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/NF-κB signaling-related proteins in podocyte cells was measured using western blotting. The results indicated that DSG enhanced the viability of podocytes after HG exposure, but inhibited inflammatory damage and attenuated insulin resistance. Moreover, DSG induced the activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, treatment with compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, counteracted the protective effects of DSG on HG-induced podocyte cells. Therefore, DSG may be a potential therapeutic compound for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Huacheng Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Saimei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Saimei Li, Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Airport Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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Lin Q, Li K, Chen Y, Xie J, Wu C, Cui C, Deng B. Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Pathway and Mechanism-Based Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7. [PMID: 37115404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus with a high incidence. Oxidative stress, which is a crucial pathophysiological pathway of DPN, has attracted much attention. The distortion in the redox balance due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the deregulation of antioxidant defense systems promotes oxidative damage in DPN. Therefore, we have focused on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DPN and elucidated its interaction with other physiological pathways, such as the glycolytic pathway, polyol pathway, advanced glycosylation end products, protein kinase C pathway, inflammation, and non-coding RNAs. These interactions provide novel therapeutic options targeting oxidative stress for DPN. Furthermore, our review addresses the latest therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress for the rehabilitation of DPN. Antioxidant supplements and exercise have been proposed as fundamental therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients through ROS-mediated mechanisms. In addition, several novel drug delivery systems can improve the bioavailability of antioxidants and the efficacy of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kezheng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxue Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wencheng County People's Hospital, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Cui
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Wang Z, Zhao S, Tao S, Hou G, Zhao F, Tan S, Meng Q. Dioscorea spp.: Bioactive Compounds and Potential for the Treatment of Inflammatory and Metabolic Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062878. [PMID: 36985850 PMCID: PMC10051580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dioscorea spp. belongs to the Dioscoreaceae family, known as "yams", and contains approximately 600 species with a wide distribution. It is a major food source for millions of people in tropical and subtropical regions. Dioscorea has great medicinal and therapeutic capabilities and is a potential source of bioactive substances for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the phytochemicals of Dioscorea, such as steroidal saponins, polyphenols, allantoin, and, in particular, polysaccharides and diosgenin. These bioactive compounds possess anti-inflammatory activity and are protective against a variety of inflammatory diseases, such as enteritis, arthritis, dermatitis, acute pancreatitis, and neuroinflammation. In addition, they play an important role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, including obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Their mechanisms of action are related to the modulation of a number of key signaling pathways and molecular targets. This review mainly summarizes recent studies on the bioactive compounds of Dioscorea and its treatment of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, and highlights the underlying molecular mechanisms. In conclusion, Dioscorea is a promising source of bioactive components and has the potential to develop novel natural bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Siyu Tao
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shenpeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
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16
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Mohidin SRNSP, Moshawih S, Hermansyah A, Asmuni MI, Shafqat N, Ming LC. Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Systematic Review for the Pharmacological Activities, Traditional Uses, Nutritional Values, and Phytochemistry. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231206227. [PMID: 37822215 PMCID: PMC10571719 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered one of the essential tuber crops, serving as a dietary staple food for various populations. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the nutritional and therapeutic properties of cassava, which is an important dietary staple and traditional medicine. The review aims to evaluate and summarize the phytochemical components of cassava and their association with pharmacological activities, traditional uses, and nutritional importance in global food crises. To collect all relevant information, electronic databases; Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Preprint Platforms were searched for studies on cassava from inception until October 2022. A total of 1582 studies were screened, while only 34 were included in this review. The results of the review indicate that cassava has diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic effects, and wound healing properties. However, more studies that aim to isolate the phytochemicals in cassava extracts and evaluate their pharmacological property are necessary to further validate their medical and nutritional values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Ikmal Asmuni
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Naeem Shafqat
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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17
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Antidiabetic Potential of Commonly Available Fruit Plants in Bangladesh: Updates on Prospective Phytochemicals and Their Reported MoAs. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248709. [PMID: 36557843 PMCID: PMC9782115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disorder affecting people of all ages and adversely disrupts their daily functions. Despite the availability of numerous synthetic-antidiabetic medications and insulin, the demand for the development of novel antidiabetic medications is increasing due to the adverse effects and growth of resistance to commercial drugs in the long-term usage. Hence, antidiabetic phytochemicals isolated from fruit plants can be a very nifty option to develop life-saving novel antidiabetic therapeutics, employing several pathways and MoAs (mechanism of actions). This review focuses on the antidiabetic potential of commonly available Bangladeshi fruits and other plant parts, such as seeds, fruit peals, leaves, and roots, along with isolated phytochemicals from these phytosources based on lab findings and mechanism of actions. Several fruits, such as orange, lemon, amla, tamarind, and others, can produce remarkable antidiabetic actions and can be dietary alternatives to antidiabetic therapies. Besides, isolated phytochemicals from these plants, such as swertisin, quercetin, rutin, naringenin, and other prospective phytochemicals, also demonstrated their candidacy for further exploration to be established as antidiabetic leads. Thus, it can be considered that fruits are one of the most valuable gifts of plants packed with a wide spectrum of bioactive phytochemicals and are widely consumed as dietary items and medicinal therapies in different civilizations and cultures. This review will provide a better understanding of diabetes management by consuming fruits and other plant parts as well as deliver innovative hints for the researchers to develop novel drugs from these plant parts and/or their phytochemicals.
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18
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Arya P, Kumar P. Diosgenin: An ingress towards solving puzzle for diabetes treatment. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14390. [PMID: 36106684 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The consumption and composition of food in daily life predict our health in long run. The relation of diabetes to sweets is quite popular. Diabetes hampers the glucose and insulin regulation in the human body by damaging pancreatic β cells. Diabetes has a strong potential towards altering cellular mechanisms of organs causing unlawful performance. Diabetes alters pathways like TLR4, AChE, NF-ĸB, LPL, and PPAR at different sites that affect the normal cellular machinery and cause damage to the local tissue and organ. The long-lasting effect of diabetes was observed in vascular, cardia, nervous, skeletal, reproductive, hepatic, ocular, and renal systems. The increasing awareness of diabetes and its concern has awakened the common people more enthusiastically. Due to rising harm from diabetes, scientific researchers tend to have more eyes toward it. While searching for diabetes solutions, fenugreek diosgenin could pop up with some positive effects in curing the same. Diosgenin helps to lower the scathe of diabetes by modifying cellular pathways in favor of healthy bodily functions. Diosgenin altered the pathways for renewal of pancreatic β cells for better insulin secretion, initiate GLUT4, enhanced DHEA, modify ER-α-mediated PI3K/Akt pathways. Diosgenin can be an appropriate insult for diabetes in a much evolving way for a healthy lifestyle. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diabetes is one of the most death causing diseases in the medical world. Regrettably the cure of diabetes is yet to be found. Various scientific team working on the same to look after the most appropriate way for diabetes treatment. There is enormous growth of nutraceutical in the market claiming for cure of different metabolic disorders. Among various bioactive compound fenugreek's diosgenin could took a leap over other in curing and preventing the damage caused by diabetes to different organs. The role of diosgenin in curing various metabolic disorders is quite popular from some time. This article also emphasizes over beneficiary effect of diosgenin in curing the damages caused by diabetes by altering cellular metabolism processes. Hence diosgenin could be a better way for researchers to develop a method for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
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19
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Diosgenin Ameliorated Type II Diabetes-Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Inhibiting De Novo Lipogenesis and Improving Fatty Acid Oxidation and Mitochondrial Function in Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234994. [PMID: 36501024 PMCID: PMC9738614 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin (DIO) is a dietary and phytochemical steroidal saponin representing multiple activities. The present study investigated the protective effect of DIO on type II diabetes-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (D-NAFLD). The rat model was established by high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection and then administered DIO for 8 weeks. The results showed that DIO reduced insulin resistance index, improved dyslipidemia, and relieved pancreatic damage. DIO decreased hepatic injury markers, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). H&E staining showed that DIO relieved hepatic lipid deposition. Mechanistically, DIO inhibited hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and increased fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) through regulation of the AMPK-ACC/SREBP1 pathway. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was inhibited by DIO through regulation of PERK and IRE1 arms, which may then inhibit DNL. DIO also decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced the antioxidant capacity via an increase in Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The mitochondria are the site for FAO, and ROS can damage mitochondrial function. DIO relieved mitochondrial fission and fusion disorder by inhibiting DRP1 and increasing MFN1/MFN2 expressions. Mitochondrial apoptosis was then inhibited by DIO. In conclusion, the present study suggests that DIO protects against D-NAFLD by inhibiting DNL and improving FAO and mitochondrial function.
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Zhang SZ, Liang PP, Feng YN, Yin GL, Sun FC, Ma CQ, Zhang FX. Therapeutic potential and research progress of diosgenin for lipid metabolism diseases. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1725-1738. [PMID: 36126194 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, is a natural product found in many plants. Diosgenin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, and has been used to treat cancer, nervous system diseases, inflammation, and infections. Numerous studies have shown that diosgenin has potential therapeutic value for lipid metabolism diseases via various pathways and mechanisms, such as controlling lipid synthesis, absorption, and inhibition of oxidative stress. These mechanisms and pathways have provided ideas for researchers to develop related drugs. In this review, we focus on data from animal and clinical studies, summarizing the toxicity of diosgenin, its pharmacological mechanism, recent research advances, and the related mechanisms of diosgenin as a drug for the treatment of lipid metabolism, especially in obesity, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. This systematic review will briefly describe the advantages of diosgenin as a potential therapeutic drug and seek to enhance our understanding of the pharmacological mechanism, recipe-construction, and the development of novel therapeutics against lipid metabolism diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Zhao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Peng Liang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Nan Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-Liang Yin
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Cui Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao-Qun Ma
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wang Z, Wu Q, Wang H, Gao Y, Nie K, Tang Y, Su H, Hu M, Gong J, Fang K, Dong H. Diosgenin protects against podocyte injury in early phase of diabetic nephropathy through regulating SIRT6. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154276. [PMID: 35728388 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. DN is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). SIRT6 becomes the important target of DN. Diosgenin (a monomer from Chinese herbs) is probable to bind to SIRT6. PURPOSE Based on studies presented in the literature on kidney injuries plus screening for the binding effects of the drug to Sirt6, we aimed to carry out the study to assess the effects of diosgenin involved in improving podocyte damage in the early phase of DN.. METHODS DN model was established in spontaneous diabetic db/db mice. Animal experiment was in two parts. The first part includes four groups consisting of control (Con) group, model (Mod) group, low dose of diosgenin (DL) group and high dose of diosgenin (DH) group. The second part includes four groups consisting of control group, model group, DH+OSS_128167 (OSS, inhibitor of SIRT6) group, MDL800 (agonist of SIRT6) group. MPC5 cell line was selected in cell experiment, which was mainly composed of six groups including Con group, palmitic acid (PA) group, PA+DL group, PA+DH group, PA+DH+OSS group, PA+MDL800 group. Some procedures such as transcriptomics, RT-qPCR and so on were used in the study to explore and verify the mechanism. RESULTS The abnormal changes of mesangial matrix expansion, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickness, foot process (FP) width, urine albumin/creatinine (UACR), DESMIN, ADRP, NEPHRIN, PODOCIN, SIRT6 in Mod group were alleviated in DH group rather than DL group in the first part of animal experiment. The effect in DH group could be reversed in DH+OSS group and the same effect was observed in MDL800 group in the second part of animal experiment. The same results were also found in cell experiment. Protein level and mRNA expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) and Angiopoietin-like-4 (ANGPTL4) were increased in PA group, which could be alleviated in DH group, MDL800 group rather than DH+OSS group. CONCLUSIONS Diosgenin could protect against podocyte injury in early phase of diabetic nephropathy by regulating SIRT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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22
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The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Eye Care Practice of Type II Diabetic Patients in Southern Iran. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:8263495. [PMID: 36046813 PMCID: PMC9424046 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8263495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ocular complication caused by diabetes is one of the most common reasons of blindness in the world. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention on eye care practice of type II diabetic patients based on health belief model (HBM) in Fasa city. Methods This study was a quasi-experimental study on 100 patients with type II diabetes referred to the diabetes center in Fasa city, Fars province, Iran, in 2019. Data were collected using a valid self-reported questionnaire including demographic variables, knowledge, and HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action), and eye care performance (based on self-report) and the level of HbA1cof both groups were measured before and three months after the educational intervention. The experimental group received training in eight sessions; each session lasted for 50 to 55 minutes. In order to analyze the studied data, SPSS 22 software (SPSS Inc., IBM, Chicago, IL, USA), Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test have been used. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The results showed that the mean scores of knowledge (P < 0.001) and HBM components (P < 0.001) in the experimental and control groups after intervention have a significant difference. After the training program, eye care performance in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, HbA1c (P < 0.001) improved significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusions Planning and implementing education using the HBM to improve eye care performance in diabetic patients are very effective and beneficial. Moreover, educational programs based on health education and health promotion models for diabetic patients for preventing side effects caused by diabetes should be performed.
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Pan X, Meng J, Xu L, Chang M, Feng C, Geng X, Cheng Y, Guo D, Liu R, Wang Z, Li D, Tan L. In-depth investigation of the hypoglycemic mechanism of Morchella importuna polysaccharide via metabonomics combined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:659-670. [PMID: 35995180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to intestinal bacteria disorders and abnormal hepatic metabolism. Morchella importuna polysaccharide (MIP) shows excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro. However, the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of MIP in vivo have yet to be investigated. In this study, the blood glucose, blood lipid and insulin resistance of diabetic mice after MIP intervention were measured to evaluate its hypoglycemic effect. Then, the microbiome and metabolomics were combined to explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of MIP. Results indicated that high dose MIP (400 mg/kg) had significant hypoglycemic effect. Furthermore, MIP could reverse diabetes-induced intestinal disorder by increasing the abundance of Akkermansia, Blautia, Dubosiella, and Lachnospiraceae, as well as decreasing the abundance of Helicobacteraceae. Besides, the hepatic metabolites and complex network systems formed by multiple metabolic pathways were regulated after MIP treatment. Notably, a new biomarker of diabetes (N-P-coumaroyl spermidine) was discovered in this study. Moreover, the significant association between intestinal bacteria and hepatic metabolites was determined by correlations analysis, which in turn confirmed MIP alleviated T2DM via the gut-liver axis. Therefore, these findings elucidated in-depth hypoglycemic mechanisms of MIP and provided a new biomarker for the prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junlong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Dongdong Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Rongzhu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Lirui Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
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da Silva MF, de Lima LVA, Zanetti TA, Felicidade I, Favaron PO, Lepri SR, Lirio Rondina DB, Mantovani MS. Diosgenin increases BBC3 expression in HepG2/C3A cells and alters cell communication in a 3D spheroid model. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 879-880:503512. [PMID: 35914860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies have shown that diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, is a promising phytochemical for treating different pathological conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the toxicological safety of this molecule for therapeutic use in humans needs to be better understood. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms of action of diosgenin in HepG2/C3A human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, alterations in the cell cycle, and cell death (apoptosis) were investigated and associated with the gene expression profile of pathways involved in these processes. The effects of diosgenin on the growth of spheroids were also tested. Diosgenin induced a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phases and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Apoptosis was associated with an increase in the expression of BBC3, a participant in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Diosgenin also promoted an increase in volume and greater cellular breakdown in spheroids. These results allowed a better understanding of the toxicity of diosgenin in human cells and contributed to the development of treatments based on this phytochemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Felipe da Silva
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Luan Vitor Alves de Lima
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Thalita Alves Zanetti
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Felicidade
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Phelipe Oliveira Favaron
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Lepri
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Débora Berbel Lirio Rondina
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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25
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Okokon JE, Etuk IC, Thomas PS, Drijfhout FP, Claridge TDW, Li WW. In vivo antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic activities and chemical constituents of Solanum anomalum. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113153. [PMID: 35598372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum anomalum is a plant used ethnomedically for the treatment of diabetes. The study was aimed to validate ethnomedical claims in rat model and identify the likely antidiabetic compounds. Leaf extract (70-210 mg/kg/day) and fractions (140 mg/kg/day) of S. anomalum were evaluated in hyperglycaemic rats induced using alloxan for effects on blood glucose, lipids and pancreas histology. Phytochemical characterisation of isolated compounds and their identification were performed using mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Bioinformatics tool was used to predict the possible protein targets of the identified bioactive compounds. The leaf extract/fractions on administration to diabetic rats caused significant lowering of fasting blood glucose of the diabetic rats during single dose study and on repeated administration of the extract. The hydroethanolic leaf extracts also enhanced glucose utilization capacity of the diabetic rats and caused significant lowering of glycosylated hemoglobin levels and elevation of insulin levels in the serum. Furthermore, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol levels were lowered significantly, while HDL-cholesterol levels were also elevated in the treated diabetic rats. There was absence or few pathological signs in the treated hyperglycaemic rat pancreas compared to that present in the pancreas of control group. Diosgenin, 25(R)-diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside, uracil, thymine, 1-octacosanol, and octacosane were isolated and identified. Protein phosphatases along with secreted proteins are predicted to be the major targets of diosgenin and the diosgenin glycoside. These results suggest that the leaf extract/fractions of S. anomalum possess antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties, offer protection to the pancreas and stimulate insulin secretion, which can be attributable to the activities of its phytochemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude E Okokon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
| | - Idongesit C Etuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Falko P Drijfhout
- Chemical Sciences Research Centre, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Tim D W Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Wen-Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, United Kingdom.
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26
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Li X, Jiang F, Liu M, Qu Y, Lan Z, Dai X, Huang C, Yue X, Zhao S, Pan X, Zhang C. Synthesis, Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharide Metal Complexes: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6922-6942. [PMID: 35639848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are critical to a wide range of fields (e.g., medicine, food production, and cosmetics) for their various remarkable physical properties and biological activities. However, the bioactivities of naturally acquired polysaccharides may be unsatisfactory and limit their further applications. It is generally known that the chemical structure exhibited by polysaccharides lays the material basis for their biological activities. Accordingly, possible structural modifications should be conducted on polysaccharides for their enhancement. Recently, polysaccharides complexed with metal ions (e.g., Fe, Zn, Mg, Cr, and Pt) have been reported to be possibly used to improve their bioactivities. Moreover, since the properties exhibited by metal ions are normally conserved, polysaccharides may be endowed with new applications. In this review, the synthesis methods, characterization methods, and bioactivities of polysaccharide metal complexes are summarized specifically. Then, the application prospects and limitations of these complexes are analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Fuchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Chi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China
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27
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Study on the Mechanism of Diosgenin Targeting STAT3 to Inhibit Colon Cancer Proliferation and Migration. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7494887. [PMID: 35698571 PMCID: PMC9188474 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7494887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of diosgenin on colon cancer, this study administered diosgenin at concentrations of 10 (low), 50 (medium), and 100 μmol/L (high concentration group) at the cell level, respectively. EdU, colony formation, and Transwell assays were implemented to determine SW480 cellular proliferation and migration. Assays of flow cytometry and TUNEL were employed to estimate cell apoptosis. Additionally, nude mouse tumorigenesis assay was used to further verify the regulatory function of diosgenin on colon cancer. The target protein of diosgenin was predicted via molecular docking. The results showed that all three concentrations of diosgenin could reduce colon cancer cellular proliferation and migration, and after diosgenin treatment, colon cancer cellular apoptosis was markedly increased, and the 100 μmol/L diosgenin group produced the most satisfactory inhibition on colon cancer cell proliferation. Ki67 expression was markedly reduced whereas those of Bax and caspase3 were greatly increased after diosgenin treatment. The nude mouse tumorigenesis assay indicated that the parameters of tumorous volume and mass of diosgenin treatment group were greatly decreased as compared to control, and as the concentration of diosgenin increased, the inhibitory effect was more significant. Molecular docking indicated that STAT3 served as a target protein of diosgenin. Moreover, after diosgenin treatment on colon cancer cells, the STAT3 expression was markedly reduced. The STAT3 overexpression would counteract the inhibitory effect of 50 μmol/L diosgenin in both suppressing colon cancer cellular proliferation and migration and promoting apoptosis. Taken together, all our outcomes demonstrated the diosgenin effects in not only inhibiting colon cancer cellular proliferation and migration but also promoting cancerous cellular apoptosis. Diosgenin is a regulatory player in targeting and regulating STAT3.
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28
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Wang X, Zhang M, Zhang M, Han Y, Chen X, Zhao W, Han Z, Sun J. Salvianolic acid A promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and function via regulating the AMPK/PGC‑1α signaling pathway in HUVECs. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:485. [PMID: 35761806 PMCID: PMC9214604 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysregulation is an important pathology that leads to endothelial dysfunction, and the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of vascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Limited information has been reported on the effects of SAA on mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. In the present study, the effects of SAA on mitochondrial biogenesis and the related underlying mechanisms were investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mitotracker red staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the effect of SAA on mitochondrial quality. The effect of SAA treatment on mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA ratio of HUVECs was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression levels of complex III and Complex IV of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation subunit, and ATP production was determined by ATP test kit. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to determine the effects of SAA on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC-1α) and its target genes nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) proteins and genes. Finally, in the presence of 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) specific inhibitors, the expression of PGC-1α, NRF1 and TFAM proteins and the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC) were detected by Western blot or real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that SAA treatment significantly promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced mitochondrial function of HUVECs. SAA significantly increased the expression levels of PGC-1α and its target genes NRF1 and (TFAM), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis in HUVECs. These enhancements were accompanied by significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, and were significantly inhibited by specific AMPK inhibitors. These results suggest that SAA may promote mitochondrial biogenesis in endothelial cells by activating the AMPK-mediated PGC-1α/TFAM signaling pathway. These data provide new insights into the mechanism of action of SAA in treating diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Mi Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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29
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Prasad M, Jayaraman S, Rajagopal P, Veeraraghavan VP, Kumar PK, Piramanayagam S, Pari L. Diosgenin inhibits ER stress-induced inflammation in aorta via iRhom2/TACE mediated signaling in experimental diabetic rats: An in vivo and in silico approach. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Hazrati-Meimaneh Z, Zamanian H, Shalchi Oghli S, Moradnejad S, Karkehabadi F, Pourabbasi A, Amini-Tehrani M. Treatment self-regulation questionnaire across three self-care behaviours: An instrument validation study in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nurs Open 2022; 9:2084-2094. [PMID: 35489055 PMCID: PMC9190691 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed at testing the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the treatment self‐regulation questionnaire (TSRQ‐15) across healthy diet, exercise and medication‐use/glucose‐monitoring among Iranian people with type‐2 diabetes. Design Cross‐sectional design. Methods Content validity was investigated by 16 experts. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed. Construct validity, convergent/discriminant validity and internal consistency were examined. Concurrent validity was assessed using Spearman's rho correlation across different behaviours. Results Content validity was confirmed for Persian TSRQ‐15. A three‐factor structure was revealed, in which external regulation and introjected regulations were validated, while amotivation and autonomous failed to show discriminant validity. Internal consistency was sound, and concurrent validity was approved. The Persian version of TSRQ‐15 was shown to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing motivation behind the practice of healthy diet, exercise and medication‐use/glucose‐monitoring in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hazrati-Meimaneh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,South Tehran Health Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zamanian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,Health Psychology and Behavior Medicine Research Group, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Shalchi Oghli
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Moayeri Hospital, Social Security Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Moradnejad
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karkehabadi
- South Tehran Health Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ata Pourabbasi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Amini-Tehrani
- Health Psychology and Behavior Medicine Research Group, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Tewari D, Priya A, Bishayee A, Bishayee A. Targeting transforming growth factor-β signalling for cancer prevention and intervention: Recent advances in developing small molecules of natural origin. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e795. [PMID: 35384373 PMCID: PMC8982327 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, but a significant advancement in cancer treatment has been achieved within the last few decades. However, major adverse effects and drug resistance associated with standard chemotherapy have led towards targeted treatment options. Objectives Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. The prime objective of this review is to decipher the role of TGF‐β in oncogenesis and to evaluate the potential of various natural and synthetic agents to target this dysregulated pathway to confer cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic effects. Methods Various authentic and scholarly databases were explored to search and obtain primary literature for this study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) criteria was followed for the review. Results Here we provide a comprehensive and critical review of recent advances on our understanding of the effect of various bioactive natural molecules on the TGF‐β signaling pathway to evaluate their full potential for cancer prevention and therapy. Conclusion Based on emerging evidence as presented in this work, TGF‐β‐targeting bioactive compounds from natural sources can serve as potential therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Anu Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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32
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Fan R, He W, Fan Y, Xu W, Xu W, Yan G, Xu S. Recent advances in chemical synthesis, biocatalysis, and biological evaluation of diosgenin derivatives - A review. Steroids 2022; 180:108991. [PMID: 35217033 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Extracting organic compounds from plants and developing derivatives are essential methods for drug discovery. Diosgenin, extracted from Dioscoreaceae plants, is a type of spirostan steroid with various biological effects, including anti-inflammation, neuro-protection, and apoptosis-induction. Many researchers committed their work to the chemical semi-synthesis of diosgenin derivatives to improve diosgenin's therapeutic bioavailability and expand its range of applications in disease treatment and prevention. Biotransformation, a mild whole-cell biocatalysis method, also made crucial contributions to the structural diversity of diosgenin analogs in recent years. Although the structural modification of diosgenin has made significant progress, it lacks a comprehensive review. Here, we review the chemical modification and biotransformation of diosgenin along with the biological evaluation of diosgenin derivatives to provide a reference for the structural modification strategy and pharmaceutical application of diosgenin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China
| | - Weishen He
- Biology Department, Boston College, Brighton, MA 02135, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China.
| | - Guohong Yan
- Pharmacy Department, People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, PR China.
| | - Shaohua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China.
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33
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Prasad M, Jayaraman S, Eladl MA, El-Sherbiny M, Abdelrahman MAE, Veeraraghavan VP, Vengadassalapathy S, Umapathy VR, Jaffer Hussain SF, Krishnamoorthy K, Sekar D, Palanisamy CP, Mohan SK, Rajagopal P. A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic Perspectives of Phytosterols in Insulin Resistance: A Mechanistic Approach. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051595. [PMID: 35268696 PMCID: PMC8911698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products in the form of functional foods have become increasingly popular due to their protective effects against life-threatening diseases, low risk of adverse effects, affordability, and accessibility. Plant components such as phytosterol, in particular, have drawn a lot of press recently due to a link between their consumption and a modest incidence of global problems, such as Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cancer, and cardiovascular disease. In the management of diet-related metabolic diseases, such as T2DM and cardiovascular disorders, these plant-based functional foods and nutritional supplements have unquestionably led the market in terms of cost-effectiveness, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder categoriszed by high blood sugar and insulin resistance, which influence major metabolic organs, such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. These chronic hyperglycemia fallouts result in decreased glucose consumption by body cells, increased fat mobilisation from fat storage cells, and protein depletion in human tissues, keeping the tissues in a state of crisis. In addition, functional foods such as phytosterols improve the body’s healing process from these crises by promoting a proper physiological metabolism and cellular activities. They are plant-derived steroid molecules having structure and function similar to cholesterol, which is found in vegetables, grains, nuts, olive oil, wood pulp, legumes, cereals, and leaves, and are abundant in nature, along with phytosterol derivatives. The most copious phytosterols seen in the human diet are sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol, which can be found in free form, as fatty acid/cinnamic acid esters or as glycosides processed by pancreatic enzymes. Accumulating evidence reveals that phytosterols and diets enriched with them can control glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as insulin resistance. Despite this, few studies on the advantages of sterol control in diabetes care have been published. As a basis, the primary objective of this review is to convey extensive updated information on the possibility of managing diabetes and associated complications with sterol-rich foods in molecular aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Prasad
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (M.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (M.P.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (V.P.V.); (P.R.)
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Eladl
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 71666, Saudi Arabia; (M.E.-S.); (M.A.E.A.)
| | | | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (M.P.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (V.P.V.); (P.R.)
| | - Srinivasan Vengadassalapathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India;
| | - Vidhya Rekha Umapathy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India;
| | | | - Kalaiselvi Krishnamoorthy
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (M.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250353, China;
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Virology, Research, Clinical Skills & Simulation, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600123, India;
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600095, India
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (V.P.V.); (P.R.)
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An R, Zhang W, Huang X. Developments in the Antitumor Activity, Mechanisms of Action, Structural Modifications, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Steroidal Saponins. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2188-2212. [PMID: 35176980 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220217113719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Steroidal saponins, a class of natural products formed by the combination of spirosteranes with sugars, are widely distributed in plants and have various biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-oxidation, etc. Particularly, extensive researches on the antitumor property of steroidal saponins have been received. Steroidal sapogenins, the aglycones of steroidal saponins, also have attracted much attention due to a vast range of pharmacological activities similar to steroidal saponins. In the past few years, structural modifications on the aglycones and sugar chains of steroidal saponins have been carried out and some achievements have been made. In this mini-review, the antitumor activity, action mechanisms, and structural modifications along with the structure-activity relationships of steroidal saponins and their derivatives are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfeng An
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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Ma L, Zhang C, Wu L, Qin L, Liu T. Diosgenin reduces phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) through AMP-activated protein kinase/ mechanistic target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) signaling pathway to ameliorate streptozotocin-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2217-2225. [PMID: 35030973 PMCID: PMC8973619 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2023996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by defective insulin secretion and/or insulin action. And insulin is the main hormone released by the pancreatic β-cells. Diosgenin (DG) is a phytochemical with pharmacological activity that increases insulin secretion in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic β-cells of diabetic rats. In this paper, we investigated the effect and mechanism of DG on cell apoptosis and dysfunction in STZ-induced pancreatic β-cells. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and apoptosis-related protein expression by Western blot. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to detect the expression of related genes. The results showed that in STZ-induced INS-1 cells, DG could improve cell viability, inhibit apoptosis, attenuate oxidative stress levels and increase insulin secretion. Notably, PDE3B was highly expressed in STZ-induced INS-1 cells, while DG could significantly inhibit PDE3B expression in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, overexpression PDE3B remarkably reversed the effect of DG on STZ-induced INS-1 cells. It is thus clear that DG might inhibit STZ-treated pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and reduce dysfunction via downregulating PDE3B, which provided a more reliable theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetes mellitus with DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, P.R. China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tcm Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tcm Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
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Wen Y, Liu Y, Huang Q, Liu R, Liu J, Zhang F, Liu S, Jiang Y. Moringa oleifera Lam. seed extract protects kidney function in rats with diabetic nephropathy by increasing GSK-3β activity and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153856. [PMID: 34856477 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) seeds are widely used in traditional folk medicine and as nutritional supplements in the Middle East, Africa, and other regions. Published research showed that M. oleifera seeds (MOS) have pharmacological activities such as blood glucose-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. However, experimental evidence on the use of MOS to treat diabetic nephropathy and its underlying mechanisms were rarely reported. PURPOSE To evaluate the therapeutic effects of MOS extract on the kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy and reveal its underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN HFD-fed rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy and high-glucose induced Human Renal Mesangial Cells (HRMC) were used to explore the protective effect of MOS on diabetic nephropathy in vivo and in vitro. METHODS HRMC were used to preliminarily evaluate the effect of MOS extract under high glucose conditions. For the in vivo study, rats were divided into the following 6 groups (n = 5): normal control group (NC), diabetic nephropathy model group (DN), high dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-H, 200 mg/kg/d); medium dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-M, 100 mg/kg/d); low dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-l, 50 mg/kg/d), and metformin-treatment group (DN + MET, 200 mg/kg/d). After 4 weeks of treatment, the damage caused by DN was assessed based on the related parameters of urine and blood. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were used to assess pathological tissue damage. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and phosphorylated-glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (P-GSK-3β) levels, whereas western blotting was used to detect Nrf2, HO-1, nephrin, GSK-3β, and p-GSK-3β levels. RESULTS MOS extract could inhibit the proliferation of HRMCs induced by high glucose levels. Compared with the rats in the DN group, MOS not only significantly reduced blood glucose levels and oxidative stress in the experimental rats but also improved their kidney function and reduced kidney tissue damage. Additionally, MOS extract increased GSK-3β activity and the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that MOS could activate GSK-3β and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways to exert antioxidant and anti-renal fibrosis activities, and delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Semwal P, Painuli S, Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Sharma A, Daştan SD, Kumar M, Alshehri MM, Taheri Y, Das R, Mitra S, Emran TB, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D, Cho WC. Diosgenin: An Updated Pharmacological Review and Therapeutic Perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1035441. [PMID: 35677108 PMCID: PMC9168095 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1035441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants including Rhizoma polgonati, Smilax china, and Trigonella foenum-graecum contain a lot of diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin. This bioactive phytochemical has shown high potential and interest in the treatment of various disorders such as cancer, diabetes, arthritis, asthma, and cardiovascular disease, in addition to being an important starting material for the preparation of several steroidal drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. This review aims to provide an overview of the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies reporting the diosgenin's pharmacological effects and to discuss the safety issues. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects on cancer, neuroprotection, atherosclerosis, asthma, bone health, and other pathologies. Clinical investigations have demonstrated diosgenin's nontoxic nature and promising benefits on cognitive function and menopause. However, further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address the other effects seen in preclinical studies, as well as a better knowledge of the diosgenin's safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Semwal
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, 248002 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, 248002 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain 64141, UAE
| | - Abdur Rauf
- 3Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar-23561, K.P .K, Pakistan
| | - Anshu Sharma
- 4Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, 173230, India
| | - Sevgi Durna Daştan
- 5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
- 6Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Manoj Kumar
- 7Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- 8Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- 9Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajib Das
- 10Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- 10Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- 11Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- 12Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- 9Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- 13Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Daniela Calina
- 14Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- 15Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Zhang Y, Li S, Liu H, Shi F, Li J, Hu X, Yang Z. Dual-strategy biosensing of glucose based on multifunctional CuWO 4 nanoparticles. Analyst 2022; 147:4049-4054. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01003h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional CuWO4 NPs were prepared and exhibit large specific surface area, good conductivity and excellent peroxidase-like activity, which was exploited for electrochemical and colorimetric dual-strategy biosensing of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Liu
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Feng Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Zhanjun Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
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Liu X, Zhou Q, Zhang JH, Wang KY, Saito T, Saido TC, Wang X, Gao X, Azuma K. Microglia-Based Sex-Biased Neuropathology in Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice and the Potential Pharmacologic Efficacy of Dioscin. Cells 2021; 10:3261. [PMID: 34831483 PMCID: PMC8625413 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, microglia-associated neuroinflammation, and synaptic loss. The detailed neuropathologic characteristics in early-stage AD, however, are largely unclear. We evaluated the pathologic brain alterations in young adult App knock-in model AppNL-G-F mice at 3 and 6 months of age, which corresponds to early-stage AD. At 3 months of age, microglia expression in the cortex and hippocampus was significantly decreased. By the age of 6 months, the number and function of the microglia increased, accompanied by progressive amyloid-β deposition, synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and dysregulation of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways. The neuropathologic changes were more severe in female mice than in male mice. Oral administration of dioscin, a natural product, ameliorated the neuropathologic alterations in young AppNL-G-F mice. Our findings revealed microglia-based sex-differential neuropathologic changes in a mouse model of early-stage AD and therapeutic efficacy of dioscin on the brain lesions. Dioscin may represent a potential treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (X.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.-H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (X.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.-H.Z.)
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia-He Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (X.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.-H.Z.)
| | - Ke-Yong Wang
- Shared-Use Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (T.S.); (T.C.S.)
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (T.S.); (T.C.S.)
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Shared-Use Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kagaku Azuma
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (X.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.-H.Z.)
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Povydysh MN, Titova MV, Ivanov IM, Klushin AG, Kochkin DV, Galishev BA, Popova EV, Ivkin DY, Luzhanin VG, Krasnova MV, Demakova NV, Nosov AM. Effect of Phytopreparations Based on Bioreactor-Grown Cell Biomass of Dioscorea deltoidea, Tribulus terrestris and Panax japonicus on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113811. [PMID: 34836067 PMCID: PMC8617789 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of bioreactor-grown cell cultures of the medicinal plant species Dioscorea deltoidea, Tribulus terrestris and Panax japonicus to treat carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMDs) in laboratory rats. In the adrenaline model of hyperglycemia, aqueous suspensions of cell biomass pre-administered at a dose of 100 mg dry biomass/kg significantly reduced glucose level in animal blood 1–2.5 h (D. deltoidea and T. terrestris) or 1 h (P. japonicus) after adrenaline hydrochloride administration. In a streptozotocin-induced model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the cell biomass of D. deltoidea and T. terrestris acted towards normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as evidenced by a significant reduction of daily diuresis (by 39–57%), blood-glucose level (by 46–51%), blood content in urine (by 78–80%) and total cholesterol (25–36%) compared to animals without treatment. Bioactive secondary metabolites identified in the cell cultures and potentially responsible for their actions were deltoside, 25(S)-protodioscin and protodioscin in D. deltoidea; furostanol-type steroidal glycosides and quinic acid derivatives in T. terrestris; and ginsenosides and malonyl-ginsenosides in P. japonicus. These results evidenced for high potential of bioreactor-grown cell suspensions of these species for prevention and treatment of CMD, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Povydysh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.Y.I.); (V.G.L.); (M.V.K.); (N.V.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.P.); (M.V.T.); Tel.: +7-(499)-678-54-00 (M.N.P.); +7-(812)-499-39-00 (M.V.T.)
| | - Maria V. Titova
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.P.); (M.V.T.); Tel.: +7-(499)-678-54-00 (M.N.P.); +7-(812)-499-39-00 (M.V.T.)
| | - Igor M. Ivanov
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
| | - Andrey G. Klushin
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
| | - Dmitry V. Kochkin
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris A. Galishev
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620026 Ekaterinburg, Russia;
| | - Elena V. Popova
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
| | - Dmitry Yu. Ivkin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.Y.I.); (V.G.L.); (M.V.K.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Vladimir G. Luzhanin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.Y.I.); (V.G.L.); (M.V.K.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Marina V. Krasnova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.Y.I.); (V.G.L.); (M.V.K.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Natalia V. Demakova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.Y.I.); (V.G.L.); (M.V.K.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Alexander M. Nosov
- K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.I.); (A.G.K.); (D.V.K.); (E.V.P.); (A.M.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
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Li SY, Shang J, Mao XM, Fan R, Li HQ, Li RH, Shen DY. Diosgenin exerts anti-tumor effects through inactivation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174370. [PMID: 34324855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most fatal gastrointestinal tumor and it is urge to explore powerful drugs for the treatment. Diosgenin (DSG) as a new steroidal had been reported exerts anti-tumor activity in multiple cancers, including CRC. However, the potential mechanism of DSG suppresses CRC remains further to be revealed. Here, we reported that DSG inhibited proliferation of CRC cells in dose- and time-dependent manner, induced apoptosis by modulating p53 and Bcl-2 family proteins expression to mediate mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, suppressed migration and invasion by reducing MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase) and decreased aerobic glycolysis by mediating glucose transporter (GLUT) like GLUT3 and GLUT4, and pyruvate carboxylase PC downregulation. Intriguingly, mechanistic study suggests those phenotypes involved DSG inhibited cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in CRC cells, and result to inhibit the phosphorylation of CREB to regulate the transcription of genes above-mentioned. Finally, nude mice xenograft tumor model further indicated that DSG could be a great agent to suppress the growth of CRC cells in vivo and have no obvious side effects. Taken together, we revealed a unique mechanism that DSG suppresses CRC cells through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway and DSG is a promising candidate drug for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yang Li
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Rui Fan
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hui-Qi Li
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Rui-Han Li
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dong-Yan Shen
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China.
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Chamkhi I, Benali T, Aanniz T, El Menyiy N, Guaouguaou FE, El Omari N, El-Shazly M, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Plant-microbial interaction: The mechanism and the application of microbial elicitor induced secondary metabolites biosynthesis in medicinal plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:269-295. [PMID: 34391201 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants and microbes interact with each other via different chemical signaling pathways. At the risophere level, the microbes can secrete molecules, called elicitors, which act on their receptors located in plant cells. The so-called elicitor molecules as well as their actions differ according to the mcirobes and induce different bilogical responses in plants such as the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Microbial compounds induced phenotype changes in plants are known as elicitors and signaling pathways which integrate elicitor's signals in plants are called elicitation. In this review, the impact of microbial elicitors on the synthesis and the secretion of secondary metabolites in plants was highlighted. Moreover, biological properties of these bioactive compounds were also highlighted and discussed. Indeed, several bacteria, fungi, and viruses release elicitors which bind to plant cell receptors and mediate signaling pathways involved in secondary metabolites synthesis. Different phytochemical classes such as terpenoids, phenolic acids and flavonoids were synthesized and/or increased in medicinal plants via the action of microbial elicitors. Moreover, these compounds compounds exhibit numerous biological activities and can therefore be explored in drugs discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Chamkhi
- Centre GEOPAC, Laboratoire de Geobiodiversite et Patrimoine Naturel, Université Mohammed V de, Institut Scientifique Rabat, Maroc; University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Agrobiosciences Program, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, Morocco.
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory (MedBiotech), Rabat Medical & Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima-Ezzahrae Guaouguaou
- Mohammed V University in Rabat, LPCMIO, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Wan Z, Xia H, Guo S, Zeng C. Water-in-oil Pickering emulsions stabilized solely by a naturally occurring steroidal sapogenin: Diosgenin. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110573. [PMID: 34399546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, stable water-in-oil emulsions stabilized solely by a naturally occurring steroidal sapogenin was reported for the first time. The results show that a concentrated emulsion with an internal water ratio of up to 60% can be obtained with only 3% of diosgenin concentration. The concentration of diosgenin had a significant effect on the microstructure and rheological properties of the emulsions. More importantly, the emulsion has excellent freeze/thaw stability and thermal stability. The results of polarized light microscopy, CLSM, and XRD indicate that the great structural properties and high stability of the emulsion can be attributed to the combined action of the diosgenin crystal shells on the droplet surface and needle-crystals in the continuous phase. That is, Pickering stabilization and network stabilization acting synergistically on stabilization of the emulsions. This novel food grade water-in-oil emulsions demonstrated great potential for application in food and biomedical-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Huiping Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Shiyin Guo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Chaoxi Zeng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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Ren C, Zhou X, Bao X, Zhang J, Tang J, Zhu Z, Zhang N, Bai Y, Xi Y, Zhang Q, Ma B. Dioscorea zingiberensis ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and curbing the expression of p66Shc in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1218-1229. [PMID: 34061184 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic complication. Dioscorea zingiberensis (DZ) possesses excellent pharmacological properties with lower toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of DZ in DN. METHODS DN was established by the high-fat diet combining intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in mice. The DZ (125 and 250 mg/kg/day) were intragastrical administered for 8 consecutive weeks. After treatment, blood, urine and kidney tissue were collected for biological detection, renal morphology, fibrosis and molecular mechanism research, respectively. KEY FINDINGS This study has shown that DZ significantly ameliorated kidney hypertrophy, renal structural damage and abnormal function of the kidney indicators (creatinine, urinary protein and blood urea nitrogen). Further molecular mechanism data suggested that the NLRP3/Cleaved-caspase-1 signal pathway was remarkably activated in DN, and DZ treatment reversed these changes, which indicated that it effectively attenuated inflammatory response caused by hyperglycaemia. In addition, DN inhibits hyperglycaemia-induced activation of oxidative stress by suppressing the expression of p66Shc proteins. CONCLUSIONS DZ could efficiently suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to postpone the development of DN, and its mechanism might be related to inhibition of NLRP3 and p66Shc activities. Thus, DZ could be developed into a new therapeutic agent for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxing Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Huanghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, ON, Canada
| | - Youli Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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A Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of Erjing Prescription in Type 2 Diabetes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9933236. [PMID: 34349832 PMCID: PMC8328705 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9933236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Erjing prescription (EJP) was an ancient formula that was recorded in the General Medical Collection of Royal Benevolence of the Song Dynasty. It has been frequently used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the long history of China. The formula consists of Lycium barbarum L. and Polygonatum sibiricum F. Delaroche with a ratio of 1 : 1. This study aimed to identify the potential effects and mechanisms of EJP treatment T2DM. The target proteins and possible pathways of EJP in T2DM treatment were investigated by the approach of network pharmacology and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). 99 diabetes-related proteins were regulated by 56 bioactive constituents in EJP in 26 signal pathways by Cytoscape determination. According to GO analysis, 606 genes entries have been enriched. The PPI network suggested that AKT1, EGF, EGFR, MAPK1, and GSK3β proteins were core genes. Among the 26 signal pathways, the PI3K-AKT signal pathway was tested by the RT-PCR. The expression level of PI3K p85, AKT1, GSK3β, and Myc mRNA of this pathway was regulated by EJP. The study based on network pharmacology and RT-PCR analysis revealed that the blood sugar level was regulated by EJP via regulating the PI3K-AKT signal pathway. Plenty of new treatment methods for T2DM using EJP were provided by network pharmacology analysis.
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Plants Secondary Metabolites as Blood Glucose-Lowering Molecules. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144333. [PMID: 34299610 PMCID: PMC8307461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, significant advances in modern medicine and therapeutic agents have been achieved. However, the search for effective antidiabetic drugs is continuous and challenging. Over the past decades, there has been an increasing body of literature related to the effects of secondary metabolites from botanical sources on diabetes. Plants-derived metabolites including alkaloids, phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, stilbenoids, saponins, tannins, polysaccharides, coumarins, and terpenes can target cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, they can grant protection to pancreatic beta cells from damage, repairing abnormal insulin signaling, minimizing oxidative stress and inflammation, activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and inhibiting carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Studies have highlighted many bioactive naturally occurring plants' secondary metabolites as candidates against diabetes. This review summarizes the current knowledge compiled from the latest studies published during the past decade on the mechanism-based action of plants-derived secondary metabolites that can target various metabolic pathways in humans against diabetes. It is worth mentioning that the compiled data in this review will provide a guide for researchers in the field, to develop candidates into environment-friendly effective, yet safe antidiabetics.
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Pérez Gutiérrez RM, Muñiz-Ramirez A, Garcia-Campoy AH, Mota Flores JM. Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Potential of Extracts of Urtica dioica, Apium graveolens, and Zingiber officinale in Mice, Zebrafish, and Pancreatic β-Cell. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071438. [PMID: 34371645 PMCID: PMC8309382 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, particularly as they contain flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The present study aims to investigate the activities of a polyherbal formulation made from Urtica dioica, Apium graveolens, and Zingiber officinale (UAZ) against streptozotocin–nicotinamide ((STZ-NA)-induced type 2 diabetes in CD1 mice, glucose-induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in zebrafish, and high glucose-induced damage in RINm5F pancreatic β-cells. In fasting mice, plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and lipid profiles were significantly increased, whereas insulin, enzymatic antioxidants, and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes were altered significantly in diabetic mice. Zebrafish had similar glucose levels, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles compared to mice. The study investigated the effects of the extract in enhancing cell viability, insulin secretion, and reducing lipid peroxidation and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in RINm5F cells damaged by high glucose. All the above biochemical parameters were enhanced in both mice and zebrafish treated; the combined extract UAZ normalized all the biochemical parameters. The medicinal plant extracts, used either separately or in combination, ameliorated the adverse effect of glucose on cell viability and functionality of beta-RINm5F cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martha Pérez Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico; (A.H.G.-C.); (J.M.M.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alethia Muñiz-Ramirez
- CONACYT/IPICYT-CIIDZA, Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4 Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, Mexico;
| | - Abraham Heriberto Garcia-Campoy
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico; (A.H.G.-C.); (J.M.M.F.)
| | - José María Mota Flores
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México CP 07708, Mexico; (A.H.G.-C.); (J.M.M.F.)
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Marmitt DJ, Cheng Q. Diosgenin and galactomannans, natural products in the pharmaceutical sciences. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diosgenin is an isospirostane derivative, which is a steroidal sapogenin and the product of acids or enzymes hydrolysis process of dioscin and protodioscin. Galactomannans are heteropolysaccharides composed of D-mannose and D-galactose, which are major sources of locust bean, guar, tara and fenugreek.
Methods
Literature survey was accomplished using multiple databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ISI web of knowledge and Google Scholar.
Results
Four major sources of seed galactomannans are locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), tara (Caesalpinia spinosa Kuntze), and fenugreek (T.foenum-graecum). Diosgenin has effect on immune system, lipid system, inflammatory and reproductive systems, caner, metabolic process, blood system, blood glucose and calcium regulation. The most important pharmacological benefits of galactomannan are antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antiviral activities, and appropriate for dengue virus and gastric diseases.
Conclusions
Considering the importance of diosgenin and galactomannans, the obtained findings suggest potential of diosgenin and galactomannans as natural products in pharmaceutical industries.
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Jin C, Miao X, Zhong Y, Han J, Liu Q, Zhu J, Xia X, Peng X. The renoprotective effect of diosgenin on aristolochic acid I-induced renal injury in rats: impact on apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy. Food Funct 2021; 11:7456-7467. [PMID: 32789347 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00401d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) remains a leading cause of aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), however few prevention and treatment strategies exist. In this work, the nephroprotective effect of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin distributed abundantly in several plants, on AA-I-induced renal injury and its underlying mechanism were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered with 30 mg kg-1 d-1 diosgenin two hours before exposure to 10 mg kg-1 d-1 AA-I for consecutive four weeks, and the histological change, the renal and liver function, apoptosis, autophagy and the involved pathways were investigated. The results showed that diosgenin relieved AA-I-induced renal histological damage, including mild edematous disorder of renal tubular arrangement and widening of renal tubular lumen. No obvious changes in the hepatic tissue structure were observed in all treatment groups. Moreover, diosgenin up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulated Bax, and subsequently inhibited AIF expression and the cleaved form of Caspase-3, thereby alleviating apoptosis triggered by AA-I. Diosgenin also mitigated AA-I-induced renal mitochondrial dynamics disorder by increasing the expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins including DRP1 and MFN2. Diosgenin inhibited AA-I-evoked autophagy via ULK1-mediated inhibition of the mTOR pathway. Overall, these results suggest that diosgenin has a protective effect against AA-I-induced renal damage and it may be a potential agent for preventing AA-I-induced AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengni Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xin Miao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yujie Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jiahui Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jiachang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoli Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
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Khalivulla SI, Mohammed A, Mallikarjuna K. Novel Phytochemical Constituents and their Potential to Manage Diabetes. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:775-788. [PMID: 33355047 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201222154159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease affecting a large population worldwide and stands as one of the major global health challenges to be tackled. According to World Health Organization, about 400 million are having diabetes worldwide and it is the seventh leading cause of deaths in 2016. Plant-based natural products have been in use from ancient times as ethnomedicine for the treatment of several diseases, including diabetes. As a result of that, there are several reports on plant-based natural products displaying antidiabetic activity. In the current review, such antidiabetic potential compounds reported from all plant sources along with their chemical structures are collected, presented and discussed. These kinds of reports are essential to pool the available information to one source, followed by statistical analysis and screening to check the efficacy of all known compounds in a comparative sense. This kind of analysis can give rise to a few potential compounds from hundreds, which can further be screened through in vitro and in vivo studies, and human trails leading to the drug development. METHODS Phytochemicals, along with their potential antidiabetic property, were classified according to their basic chemical skeleton. The chemical structures of all the compounds with antidiabetic activities were elucidated in the present review. In addition to this, the distribution and their other remarkable pharmacological activities of each species are also included. RESULTS The scrutiny of literature led to the identification of 44 plants with antidiabetic compounds (70) and other pharmacological activities. For the sake of information, the distribution of each species in the world is given. Many plant derivatives may exert anti-diabetic properties by improving or mimicking insulin production or action. Different classes of compounds including sulfur compounds (1-4), alkaloids (5-11), phenolic compounds (12-17), tannins (18-23), phenylpropanoids (24-27), xanthanoids (28-31), amino acid (32), stilbenoid (33), benzofuran (34), coumarin (35), flavonoids (36-49) and terpenoids (50-70) were found to be potential active compounds for antidiabetic activity. Of the 70 listed compounds, majorly 17 compounds are obtained from triterpenoids, 13 from flavonoids and 7 from alkaloids. Among all the 44 plant species, the maximum number (7) of compounds were isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa followed by Momordica charantia (6) and S. oblonga with 5 compounds. CONCLUSION This is the first paper to summarize the established chemical structures of phytochemicals that have been successfully screened for antidiabetic potential and their mechanisms of inhibition. The reported compounds could be considered as potential lead molecules for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Further, molecular and clinical trials are required to select and establish therapeutic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaik I Khalivulla
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arifullah Mohammed
- Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture (IFSSA), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kokkanti Mallikarjuna
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar - 522 510, Andhra Pradesh, India
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