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Chettouh-Hammas N, Grillon C. Physiological skin oxygen levels: An important criterion for skin cell functionality and therapeutic approaches. Free Radic Biol Med 2024:S0891-5849(24)00532-X. [PMID: 38908804 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The skin is made up of different layers with various gradients, which maintain a complex microenvironment, particularly in terms of oxygen levels. However, all types of skin cells are cultured in conventional incubators that do not reproduce physiological oxygen levels. Instead, they are cultured at atmospheric oxygen levels, a condition that is far removed from physiology and may lead to the generation of free radicals known to induce skin ageing. This review aims to summarize the current literature on the effect of physiological oxygen levels on skin cells, highlight the shortcomings of current in vitro models, and demonstrate the importance of respecting skin oxygen levels. We begin by clarifying the terminology used about oxygen levels and describe the specific distribution of oxygen in the skin. We review and discuss how skin cells adapt their oxygen consumption and metabolism to oxygen levels environment, as well as the changes that are induced, particularly, their redox state, life cycle and functions. We examine the effects of oxygen on both simple culture models and more complex reconstructed skin models. Finally, we present the implications of oxygen modulation for a more therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadira Chettouh-Hammas
- Center for Molecular Biophysics UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | - Catherine Grillon
- Center for Molecular Biophysics UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France
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Eweida A, Sandberg E, Ritthaler O, Fleckenstein J, Abo-Madyan Y, Giordano FA, Schulte M, Kneser U, Harhaus L. Hypoxia as a stimulus for tissue formation: The concept of organogenesis in microsurgically vascularized tissue engineering constructs. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024; 52:707-714. [PMID: 38582676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Axial vascularization of tissue constructs is essential to maintain an adequate blood supply for a stable regeneration of a clinically relevant tissue size. The versatility of the arterio-venous loop (AVL) has been previously shown in various small and large animal models as well as in clinical reports for bone regeneration. We have previously demonstrated the capability of the AVL to induce axial vascularization and to support the nourishment of tissue constructs in small animal models after applying high doses of ionizing radiation comparable to those applied for adjuvant radiotherapy after head and neck cancer. We hypothesize that this robust ability to induce regeneration after irradiation could be related to a state of hypoxia inside the constructs that triggers the HIF1 (hypoxia induced factor 1) - SDF1 (stromal derived factor 1) axis leading to chemotaxis of progenitor cells and induction of tissue regeneration and vascularization. We analyzed the expression of HIF1 and SDF1 via immunofluorescence in axially vascularized bone tissue engineering constructs in Lewis rats 2 and 5 weeks after local irradiation with 9Gy or 15Gy. We also analyzed the expression of various genes for osteogenic differentiation (collagen 1, RUNX, alkaline phosphatase and osteonectin) via real time PCR analysis. The expression of HIF1 and SDF1 was enhanced two weeks after irradiation with 15Gy in comparison to non-irradiated constructs. The expression of osteogenic markers was enhanced at the 5-weeks time point with significant results regarding collagen, alkaline phosphatase and osteonectin. These results indicate that the hypoxia within the AVL constructs together with an enhanced SDF1 expression probably play a role in promoting tissue differentiation. The process of tissue generation triggered by hypoxia in the vicinity of a definite vascular axis with enhanced tissue differentiation over time resembles hereby the well-known concept of organogenesis in fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Eweida
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany; Department of Head, Neck and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alkhartoum Square, 5372066, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Elli Sandberg
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritthaler
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Jens Fleckenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yasser Abo-Madyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Anton Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Schulte
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Xu X, Passalacqua M, Rice B, Demesa-Arevalo E, Kojima M, Takebayashi Y, Harris B, Sakakibara H, Gallavotti A, Gillis J, Jackson D. Large-scale single-cell profiling of stem cells uncovers redundant regulators of shoot development and yield trait variation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583414. [PMID: 38496543 PMCID: PMC10942292 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells in plant shoots are a rare population of cells that produce leaves, fruits and seeds, vital sources for food and bioethanol. Uncovering regulators expressed in these stem cells will inform crop engineering to boost productivity. Single-cell analysis is a powerful tool for identifying regulators expressed in specific groups of cells. However, accessing plant shoot stem cells is challenging. Recent single-cell analyses of plant shoots have not captured these cells, and failed to detect stem cell regulators like CLAVATA3 and WUSCHEL . In this study, we finely dissected stem cell-enriched shoot tissues from both maize and arabidopsis for single-cell RNA-seq profiling. We optimized protocols to efficiently recover thousands of CLAVATA3 and WUSCHEL expressed cells. A cross-species comparison identified conserved stem cell regulators between maize and arabidopsis. We also performed single-cell RNA-seq on maize stem cell overproliferation mutants to find additional candidate regulators. Expression of candidate stem cell genes was validated using spatial transcriptomics, and we functionally confirmed roles in shoot development. These candidates include a family of ribosome-associated RNA-binding proteins, and two families of sugar kinase genes related to hypoxia signaling and cytokinin hormone homeostasis. These large-scale single-cell profiling of stem cells provide a resource for mining stem cell regulators, which show significant association with yield traits. Overall, our discoveries advance the understanding of shoot development and open avenues for manipulating diverse crops to enhance food and energy security.
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Andalib E, Kashfi M, Mahmoudvand G, Rezaei E, Mahjoor M, Torki A, Afkhami H. Application of hypoxia-mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection: wound healing and infection recovery. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1251956. [PMID: 37869672 PMCID: PMC10586055 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1251956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells, commonly referred to as MSCs, are a type of multipotent stem cells that are typically extracted from adipose tissue and bone marrow. In the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, MSCs and their exosomes have emerged as revolutionary tools. Researchers are now devoting greater attention to MSCs because of their ability to generate skin cells like fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as their distinctive potential to decrease inflammation and emit pro-angiogenic molecules at the site of wounds. More recent investigations revealed that MSCs can exert numerous direct and indirect antimicrobial effects that are immunologically mediated. Collectively, these antimicrobial properties can remove bacterial infections when the MSCs are delivered in a therapeutic setting. Regardless of the positive therapeutic potential of MSCs for a multitude of conditions, transplanted MSC cell retention continues to be a major challenge. Since MSCs are typically administered into naturally hypoxic tissues, understanding the impact of hypoxia on the functioning of MSCs is crucial. Hypoxia has been postulated to be among the factors determining the differentiation of MSCs, resulting in the production of inflammatory cytokines throughout the process of tissue regeneration and wound repair. This has opened new horizons in developing MSC-based systems as a potent therapeutic tool in oxygen-deprived regions, including anaerobic wound infection sites. This review sheds light on the role of hypoxia-MSCs in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection in terms of both their regenerative and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Andalib
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kashfi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Torki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Chang LH, Wu SC, Chen CH, Chen JW, Huang WC, Wu CW, Lin YS, Chen YJ, Chang JK, Ho ML. Exosomes Derived from Hypoxia-Cultured Human Adipose Stem Cells Alleviate Articular Chondrocyte Inflammaging and Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13414. [PMID: 37686220 PMCID: PMC10487932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age-related degenerative joint disease. Inflammaging, linking inflammation and aging, is found in senescent cells with the secretions of matrix-degrading proteins and proinflammatory cytokines. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) plays a very important role in OA progression. However, there remains no effective way to suppress OA progression, especially by suppressing inflammaging and/or the chondrocyte SASP. Recent studies have shown that exosomes derived from hypoxia-cultured BMSCs can regenerate cartilage in OA animal models. Some reports have further indicated that exosomes secreted from MSCs contribute to the efficacy of MSC therapy in OA. However, whether hypoxia-cultured ADSC-secreted exosomes (hypoxia-ADSC-Exos) can alleviate the chondrocyte SASP or OA progression remains unclear. Accordingly, we hypothesized that hypoxia-ADSC-Exos have a beneficial effect on the normal functions of human articular chondrocytes (HACs), can attenuate the SASP of OA-like HACs in vitro, and further suppress OA progression in rats. Hypoxia-ADSC-Exos were derived from ADSCs cultured in 1% O2 and 10% de-Exo-FBS for 48 h. The molecular and cell biological effects of hypoxia-ADSC-Exos were tested on IL1-β-induced HACs as OA-like HACs in vitro, and the efficacy of OA treatment was tested in ACLT-induced OA rats. The results showed that hypoxia-ADSC-Exos had the best effect on GAG formation in normal HACs rather than those cultured in normoxia or hypoxia plus 2% de-Exo-FBS. We further found that hypoxia-ADSC-Exos alleviated the harmful effect in OA-like HACs by decreasing markers of normal cartilage (GAG and type II collagen) and increasing markers of fibrous or degenerative cartilage (type I or X collagen), matrix degradation enzymes (MMP13 and ADAMT5), and inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6). More importantly, intra-articular treatment with hypoxia-ADSC-Exos suppressed OA progression, as evidenced by the weight-bearing function test and cartilage GAG quantification in ACLT rats. Moreover, through NGS and bioinformatic analysis, seven potential miRNAs were found in hypoxia-ADSC-Exos, which may contribute to regulating cellular oxidative stress and attenuating cell senescence. In summary, we demonstrated that hypoxia-ADSC-Exos, carrying potent miRNAs, not only improve normal HAC function but also alleviate HAC inflammaging and OA progression. The results suggest that hypoxia-ADSC-Exo treatment may offer another strategy for future OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hua Chang
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Wei Chen
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Huang
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ken Chang
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (S.-C.W.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.W.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 908, Taiwan
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Filippi L, Pascarella F, Pini A, Cammalleri M, Bagnoli P, Morganti R, Innocenti F, Castagnini N, Melosi A, Scaramuzzo RT. Fetal Oxygenation from the 23rd to the 36th Week of Gestation Evaluated through the Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12487. [PMID: 37569862 PMCID: PMC10419490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryo and fetus grow in a hypoxic environment. Intrauterine oxygen levels fluctuate throughout the pregnancy, allowing the oxygen to modulate apparently contradictory functions, such as the expansion of stemness but also differentiation. We have recently demonstrated that in the last weeks of pregnancy, oxygenation progressively increases, but the trend of oxygen levels during the previous weeks remains to be clarified. In the present retrospective study, umbilical venous and arterial oxygen levels, fetal oxygen extraction, oxygen content, CO2, and lactate were evaluated in a cohort of healthy newborns with gestational age < 37 weeks. A progressive decrease in pO2 levels associated with a concomitant increase in pCO2 and reduction in pH has been observed starting from the 23rd week until approximately the 33-34th week of gestation. Over this period, despite the increased hypoxemia, oxygen content remains stable thanks to increasing hemoglobin concentration, which allows the fetus to become more hypoxemic but not more hypoxic. Starting from the 33-34th week, fetal oxygenation increases and ideally continues following the trend recently described in term fetuses. The present study confirms that oxygenation during intrauterine life continues to vary even after placenta development, showing a clear biphasic trend. Fetuses, in fact, from mid-gestation to near-term, become progressively more hypoxemic. However, starting from the 33-34th week, oxygenation progressively increases until birth. In this regard, our data suggest that the placenta is the hub that ensures this variable oxygen availability to the fetus, and we speculate that this biphasic trend is functional for the promotion, in specific tissues and at specific times, of stemness and intrauterine differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filippi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Francesca Pascarella
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cammalleri
- Unit of General Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Unit of General Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Innocenti
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Nicola Castagnini
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Alice Melosi
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (F.I.); (N.C.); (A.M.); (R.T.S.)
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Bobyleva PI, Rudimova YV, Buravkova LB. Oxygen Level Modifies the Expression of Genes Involved in the Epigenetic Regulation of Multipotent Stromal Cells In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:371-375. [PMID: 37561376 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the transcriptional activity of genes involved in the epigenetic regulation of adipose tissue multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells were analyzed in vitro at different O2 levels. DNA microarray study showed that the most pronounced changes in gene expression, including genes responsible for the epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal stromal cells, occurred at 3% O2. A lower number of genes changed the expression at 1% O2, and a minimum response was observed at 5% O2 in comparison with standard culturing conditions (20% O2). The greatest number of differentially expressed genes were genes responsible for the regulation of histones; the genes encoding products that regulate chromatin, DNA, and RNA constituted a lower part. Thus, the degree of hypoxia can modify the response of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells at the level of epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Bobyleva
- State Research Center Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yu V Rudimova
- State Research Center Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - L B Buravkova
- State Research Center Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Zulkifli A, Ahmad RE, Krishnan S, Kong P, Nam HY, Kamarul T. The potential mechanism of hypoxia-induced tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell for tendon regeneration. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102075. [PMID: 37004269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injuries account up to 50% of all musculoskeletal problems and remains a challenge to treat owing to the poor intrinsic reparative ability of tendon tissues. The natural course of tendon healing is very slow and often leads to fibrosis and disorganized tissues with inferior biomechanical properties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) therapy is a promising alternative strategy to augment tendon repair due to its proliferative and multilineage differentiation potential. Hypoxic conditioning of MSC have been shown to enhance their tenogenic differentiation capacity. However, the mechanistic pathway by which this is achieved is yet to be fully defined. A key factor involved in this pathway is hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF-1α). This review aims to discuss the principal mechanism underlying the enhancement of MSC tenogenic differentiation by hypoxic conditioning, particularly the central role of HIF-1α in mediating activation of tenogenic pathways in the MSC. We focus on the interaction between HIF-1α with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in regulating MSC tenogenic differentiation pathways in hypoxic conditions. Strategies to promote stabilization of HIF-1α either through direct manipulation of oxygen tension or the use of hypoxia mimicking agents are therefore beneficial in increasing the efficacy of MSC therapy for tendon repair.
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Wu J, Yu L, Liu Y, Xiao B, Ye X, Zhao H, Xi Y, Shi Z, Wang W. Hypoxia regulates adipose mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, migration, and nucleus pulposus-like differentiation by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress via the HIF-1α pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:339. [PMID: 37158945 PMCID: PMC10169485 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia can promote stem cell proliferation and migration through HIF-1α. Hypoxia can regulate cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Some studies have reported the relationship among hypoxia, HIF-α, and ER stress, however, while little is known about HIF-α and ER stress in ADSCs under hypoxic conditions. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role and relationship of hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α and ER stress in regulating adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) proliferation, migration, and NPC-like differentiation. METHOD ADSCs were pretreated with hypoxia, HIF-1α gene transfection, and HIF-1α gene silence. The ADSCs proliferation, migration, and NPC-like differentiation were assessed. The expression of HIF-1α in ADSCs was regulated; then, the changes of ER stress level in ADSCs were observed to investigate the relationship between ER stress and HIF-1α in ADSCs under hypoxic conditions. RESULT The cell proliferation and migration assay results show that hypoxia and HIF-1α overexpression can significantly increase the ADSCs proliferation and migration, while HIF-1α inhibition can significantly decrease the ADSCs proliferation and migration. The HIF-1α and co-cultured with NPCs played an important role in the directional differentiation of ADSCs into NPCs. The hypoxia-regulated ER stress in ADSCs through the HIF-1α pathway, thereby regulating the cellular state of ADSCs, was also observed. CONCLUSION Hypoxia and HIF-1α play important roles in proliferation, migration, and NPC-like differentiation of ADSCs. This study provides preliminary evidence that HIF-1α-regulated ER stress thus affects ADSCs proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Therefore, HIF-1α and ER may serve as key points to improve the efficacy of ADSCs in treating disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, No. 906 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Kangfu Road, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 1111, Xianxia Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Kangfu Road, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhai Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicai Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang K, Du X, Gao Y, Liu S, Xu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Alzheimer's Disease: Cell Therapy and Chemical Reagent Pretreatment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221253. [PMID: 37125553 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As the size of the population aged 65 and older continues to grow, the incidence and mortality rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasing annually. Unfortunately, current treatments only treat symptoms temporarily and do not alter the patients' life expectancy or course of AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown a certain therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases including AD due to their neuroinflammatory regulation and neuroprotective effects. However, the low survival and homing rates of MSCs after transplantation seriously affect their therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, appropriate in vitro preconditioning is necessary to increase the survival and homing rates of MSCs to improve their effectiveness in treating AD. Here we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs in AD and the chemical reagents used for the pretreatment of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinzhe Du
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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11
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Dong J, Wu B, Tian W. Exosomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (hypoMSCs-Exo): advantages in disease treatment. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03758-6. [PMID: 36781483 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy has been reported to be a potential approach to treat various diseases and the paracrine role might be the underlying mechanism. Exosomes were considered an important part of this paracrine role. It was reported that maintenance of MSCs in hypoxia conditions for a short time has shown to be beneficial for the therapeutic effect of MSCs and MSCs-derived exosomes. In this review, we summarized the recent developments on exosomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (hypoMSCs-Exo), including the characteristics of hypoMSCs-Exo in morphology and contents, diseases in which hypoMSCs-Exo showed more effective, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms that hypoMSCs-Exo showed more effective in disease treatment. Besides, we also discussed the limitations of current studies and the issues that needed to be improved in the application of hypoMSCs-Exo. This review aimed to promote a comprehensive and systematic understanding of this type of exosome with great therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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12
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KHARCHE SD, SINGH SP, PATHAK J, JENA D, RANI S, GURURAJ K. Low oxygen tension affects proliferation and senescence of caprine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro culture condition. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i1.127111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The culture system of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) in the normoxic environment does not imitate the hypoxic milieu of typical biological conditions, thus hypoxic culture conditions may improve survival, and growth attributes of bmMSCs during in vitro culture. Therefore, the present study was conducted at ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom during year 2020 with the objective to investigate the changes in biological characteristics of cultured caprine bmMSCs (cbmMSCs) including the cellular senescence, survival, rate of proliferation, immuno-phenotypic characteristics, and gene expression pattern in a normal and hypoxic microenvironment condition. For this, cbmMSCs isolated from bone marrow collected from iliac crest were enriched and grown under either hypoxic (5% O2) or normoxic (20% O2) conditions. Thereafter, the outcome of hypoxic (5% O2) culturing of cbmMSCs on growth characteristics, proliferation, senescence, and expression profile of important stemness-associated (OCT-4) and oxidative stress [glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD)] marker genes was evaluated. cbmMSCs cultivated in hypoxic conditions showed higher proliferation and decreased population doubling time and senescence-associated β-GAL expression; however, the immune-phenotypic characteristics of the cells remain unchanged. Furthermore, the culture of cbmMSCs in hypoxia increased the expression of OCT-4, GPx1, and CuZnSOD, compared with the cells grown under normoxia. In conclusion, the culture condition with low O2 level improved the growth characteristics and proliferation of cbmMSCs. These outcomes would provide information to formulate strategies for the collection and efficient in vitro expansion of bmMSCs from goats and other farm animals before their downstream applications.
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Filippi L, Scaramuzzo RT, Pascarella F, Pini A, Morganti R, Cammalleri M, Bagnoli P, Ciantelli M. Fetal oxygenation in the last weeks of pregnancy evaluated through the umbilical cord blood gas analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1140021. [PMID: 37152310 PMCID: PMC10160648 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1140021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Embryo and fetus grow and mature over the first trimester of pregnancy in a dynamic hypoxic environment, where placenta development assures an increased oxygen availability. However, it is unclear whether and how oxygenation changes in the later trimesters and, more specifically, in the last weeks of pregnancy. Methods Observational study that evaluated the gas analysis of the umbilical cord blood collected from a cohort of healthy newborns with gestational age ≥37 weeks. Umbilical venous and arterial oxygen levels as well as fetal oxygen extraction were calculated to establish whether oxygenation level changes over the last weeks of pregnancy. In addition, fetal lactate, and carbon dioxide production were analyzed to establish whether oxygen oscillations may induce metabolic effects in utero. Results This study demonstrates a progressive increase in fetal oxygenation levels from the 37th to the 41st weeks of gestation (mean venous PaO2 approximately from 20 to 25 mmHg; p < 0.001). This increase is largely attributable to growing umbilical venous PaO2, regardless of delivery modalities. In neonates born by vaginal delivery, the increased oxygen availability is associated with a modest increase in oxygen extraction, while in neonates born by cesarean section, it is associated with reduced lactate production. Independently from the type of delivery, carbon dioxide production moderately increased. These findings suggest a progressive shift from a prevalent anaerobic metabolism (Warburg effect) towards a growing aerobic metabolism. Conclusion This study confirms that fetuses grow in a hypoxic environment that becomes progressively less hypoxic in the last weeks of gestation. The increased oxygen availability seems to favor aerobic metabolic shift during the last weeks of intrauterine life; we hypothesize that this environmental change may have implications for fetal maturation during intrauterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filippi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: Luca Filippi
| | | | | | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cammalleri
- Unit of General Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Unit of General Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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14
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Citro V, Clerici M, Boccaccini AR, Della Porta G, Maffulli N, Forsyth NR. Tendon tissue engineering: An overview of biologics to promote tendon healing and repair. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231196275. [PMID: 37719308 PMCID: PMC10501083 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231196275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendons are dense connective tissues with a hierarchical polarized structure that respond to and adapt to the transmission of muscle contraction forces to the skeleton, enabling motion and maintaining posture. Tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathies, are becoming more common as populations age and participation in sports/leisure activities increases. The tendon has a poor ability to self-heal and regenerate given its intrinsic, constrained vascular supply and exposure to frequent, severe loading. There is a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, and it is not surprising that disorder-targeted medicines have only been partially effective at best. Recent tissue engineering approaches have emerged as a potential tool to drive tendon regeneration and healing. In this review, we investigated the physiochemical factors involved in tendon ontogeny and discussed their potential application in vitro to reproduce functional and self-renewing tendon tissue. We sought to understand whether stem cells are capable of forming tendons, how they can be directed towards the tenogenic lineage, and how their growth is regulated and monitored during the entire differentiation path. Finally, we showed recent developments in tendon tissue engineering, specifically the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can differentiate into tendon cells, as well as the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tendon regeneration and their potential for use in accelerating the healing response after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Citro
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marta Clerici
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Vice Principals’ Office, University of Aberdeen, Kings College, Aberdeen, UK
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15
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Hamon M, Cheng HM, Johnson M, Yanagawa N, Hauser PV. Effect of Hypoxia on Branching Characteristics and Cell Subpopulations during Kidney Organ Culture. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120801. [PMID: 36551007 PMCID: PMC9774677 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During early developmental stages, embryonic kidneys are not fully vascularized and are potentially exposed to hypoxic conditions, which is known to influence cell proliferation and survival, ureteric bud branching, and vascularization of the developing kidney. To optimize the culture conditions of in vitro cultured kidneys and gain further insight into the effect of hypoxia on kidney development, we exposed mouse embryonic kidneys isolated at E11.5, E12.5, and E13.5 to hypoxic and normal culture conditions and compared ureteric bud branching patterns, the growth of the progenitor subpopulation hoxb7+, and the expression patterns of progenitor and differentiation markers. Branching patterns were quantified using whole organ confocal imaging and gradient-vector-based analysis. In our model, hypoxia causes an earlier expression of UB tip cell markers, and a delay in stalk cell marker gene expression. The metanephric mesenchyme (MM) exhibited a later expression of differentiation marker FGF8, marking a delay in nephron formation. Hypoxia further delayed the expression of stroma cell progenitor markers, a delay in cortical differentiation markers, as well as an earlier expression of medullary and ureteral differentiation markers. We conclude that standard conditions do not apply universally and that tissue engineering strategies need to optimize suitable culture conditions for each application. We also conclude that adapting culture conditions to specific aspects of organ development in tissue engineering can help to improve individual stages of tissue generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Hamon
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (P.V.H.)
| | - Hsiao-Min Cheng
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ming Johnson
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA
| | - Norimoto Yanagawa
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter V. Hauser
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (P.V.H.)
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16
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Della Rocca Y, Fonticoli L, Rajan TS, Trubiani O, Caputi S, Diomede F, Pizzicannella J, Marconi GD. Hypoxia: molecular pathophysiological mechanisms in human diseases. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:739-752. [PMID: 35870078 PMCID: PMC9684243 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hypoxia, a low O2 tension, is a fundamental feature that occurs in physiological events as well as pathophysiological conditions, especially mentioned for its role in the mechanism of angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, and cell proliferation/survival. The hypoxic state through the activation of specific mechanisms is an aggravating circumstance commonly noticed in multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, lung disease, and in inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, hypoxia could play a key role in tissue regeneration and repair of damaged tissues, especially by acting on specific tissue stem cells, but their features may result as a disadvantage when it is concerned for neoplastic stem cells. Furthermore, hypoxia could also have a potential role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its capacity to improve the performance of biomaterials. The current review aims to highlight the hypoxic molecular mechanisms reported in different pathological conditions to provide an overview of hypoxia as a therapeutic agent in regenerative and molecular therapy.
Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Pizzicannella
- Cardiology Intensive Care Unit, "Ss. Annunziata" Hospital, ASL02 Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Barzegari A, Aaboulhassanzadeh S, Landon R, Gueguen V, Meddahi-Pellé A, Parvizpour S, Anagnostou F, Pavon-Djavid G. Mitohormesis and mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of stem cell fate. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3435-3448. [PMID: 35775725 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability of stem cells for self-renewing, differentiation, and regeneration of injured tissues is believed to occur via the hormetic modulation of nuclear/mitochondrial signal transductions. The evidence now indicates that in damaged tissues, the mitochondria set off the alarm under oxidative stress conditions, hence they are the central regulators of stem cell fate decisions. This review aimed to provide an update to a broader concept of stem cell fate in stress conditions of damaged tissues, and insights for the mitochondrial hormesis (mitohormesis), including the integrated stress response (ISR), mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondria uncoupling, unfolded protein response, and mitokines, with implications for the control of stem cells programing in a successful clinical cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sobhan Aaboulhassanzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rebecca Landon
- CNRS UMR7052-INSERM U1271, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Biology, Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Gueguen
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular Bioengineering, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Anne Meddahi-Pellé
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular Bioengineering, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Sepideh Parvizpour
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fani Anagnostou
- CNRS UMR7052-INSERM U1271, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Biology, Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Graciela Pavon-Djavid
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular Bioengineering, Villetaneuse, France
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Pasiewicz R, Valverde Y, Narayanan R, Kim JH, Irfan M, Lee NS, George A, Cooper LF, Alapati SB, Chung S. C5a complement receptor modulates odontogenic dental pulp stem cell differentiation under hypoxia. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:339-348. [PMID: 34030523 PMCID: PMC8611100 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2021.1924696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Alterations in the microenvironment change the phenotypes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). The role of complement component C5a in the differentiation of DPSCs is unknown, especially under oxygen-deprived conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of C5a on the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs under normoxia and hypoxia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human DPSCs were subjected to odontogenic differentiation in osteogenic media and treated with the C5a receptor antagonist-W54011 under normal and hypoxic conditions (2% oxygen). Immunochemistry, western blot, and PCR analysis for the various odontogenic differentiation genes/proteins were performed. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that C5a plays a positive role in the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. C5a receptor inhibition resulted in a significant decrease in odontogenic differentiation genes, such as DMP1, ON, RUNX2, DSPP compared with the control. This observation was further supported by the Western blot data for DSPP and DMP1 and immunohistochemical analysis. The hypoxic condition reversed this effect. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that C5a regulates the odontogenic DPSC differentiation under normoxia. Under hypoxia, C5a exerts a reversed function for DPSC differentiation. Taken together, we identified that C5a and oxygen levels are key initial signals during pulp inflammation to control the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, thereby, providing a mechanism for potential therapeutic interventions for dentin repair and vital tooth preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Pasiewicz
- Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Yessenia Valverde
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Raghuvaran Narayanan
- Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Nam-Seob Lee
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Anne George
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Satish B Alapati
- Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Seung Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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19
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Fang L, Feng Z, Mei J, Zhou J, Lin Z. [Hypoxia promotes differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into embryoid bodies in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:929-936. [PMID: 35790445 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.06.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of physiological hypoxic conditions on suspension and adherence of embryoid bodies (EBs) during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS EBs in suspension culture were divided into normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (5% O2) groups, and those in adherent culture were divided into normoxic, hypoxic and hypoxia + HIF-1α inhibitor (echinomycin) groups. After characterization of the pluripotency with immunofluorescence assay, the hiPSCs were digested and suspended under normoxic and hypoxic conditions for 5 days, and the formation and morphological changes of the EBs were observed microscopically; the expressions of the markers genes of the 3 germ layers in the EBs were detected. The EBs were then inoculated into petri dishes for further culture in normoxic and hypoxic conditions for another 2 days, after which the adhesion and peripheral expansion rate of the adherent EBs were observed; the changes in the expressions of HIF-1α, β-catenin and VEGFA were detected in response to hypoxic culture and echinomycin treatment. RESULTS The EBs cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions were all capable of differentiation into the 3 germ layers. The EBs cultured in hypoxic conditions showed reduced apoptotic debris around them with earlier appearance of cystic EBs and more uniform sizes as compared with those in normoxic culture. Hypoxic culture induced more adherent EBs than normoxic culture (P < 0.05) with also a greater outgrowth rate of the adherent EBs (P < 0.05). The EBs in hypoxic culture showed significantly up-regulated mRNA expressions of β-catenin and VEGFA (P < 0.05) and protein expressions of HIF-1 α, β-catenin and VEGFA (P < 0.05), and their protein expresisons levels were significantly lowered after treatment with echinomycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Hypoxia can promote the formation and maturation of suspended EBs and enhance their adherence and post-adherent proliferation without affecting their pluripotency for differentiation into all the 3 germ layers. Our results provide preliminary evidence that activation of HIF-1α/β-catenin/VEGFA signaling pathway can enhance the differentiation potential of hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Feng
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - J Mei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - J Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Lin
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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20
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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Liu P, Qin L, Liu C, Mi J, Zhang Q, Wang S, Zhuang D, Xu Q, Chen W, Guo J, Wu X. Exosomes Derived From Hypoxia-Conditioned Stem Cells of Human Deciduous Exfoliated Teeth Enhance Angiogenesis via the Transfer of let-7f-5p and miR-210-3p. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:879877. [PMID: 35557954 PMCID: PMC9086315 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.879877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth is a normal phenomenon. How the angiogenesis process is regulated to provide adequate levels of oxygen and nutrients in hypoxic conditions when the dental pulp tissue is reduced at the stage of root resorption is not fully understood. In this study, we designed hypoxic preconditioning (2%) to mimic the physiological conditions. We isolated exosomes from hypoxic-preconditioned SHED (Hypo-exos) cells and from normally cultured SHED cells (Norm-exos). We found that treatment with Hypo-exos significantly enhanced the growth, migration and tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro compared with Norm-exos. We also performed matrigel plug assays in vivo and higher expression of VEGF and higher number of lumenal structures that stained positive for CD31 were found in the Hypo-exos treated group. To understand the potential molecular mechanism responsible for the positive effects of Hypo-exos, we performed exosomal miRNA sequencing and validated that Hypo-exos transferred both let-7f-5p and miR-210-3p to promote the tube formation of endothelial cells. Further study revealed that those two miRNAs regulate angiogenesis via the let-7f-5p/AGO1/VEGF and/or miR-210-3p/ephrinA3 signal pathways. Finally, we found that the increased release of exosomes regulated by hypoxia treatment may be related to Rab27a. Taking these data together, the present study demonstrates that exosomes derived from hypoxic-preconditioned SHED cells promote angiogenesis by transferring let-7f-5p and miR-210-3p, which suggests that they can potentially be developed as a novel therapeutic approach for pro-angiogenic therapy in tissue regeneration engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Lihong Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Weihai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Mi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Dexuan Zhuang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuping Xu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration, Ningbo Stomatology Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xunwei Wu, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Xunwei Wu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration, Ningbo Stomatology Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xunwei Wu, ; Jing Guo,
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22
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Marchus CR, Knudson JA, Morrison AE, Strawn IK, Hartman AJ, Shrestha D, Pancheri NM, Glasgow I, Schiele NR. Low-cost, open-source cell culture chamber for regulating physiologic oxygen levels. HARDWAREX 2022; 11:e00253. [PMID: 35509920 PMCID: PMC9058583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The physiological oxygen levels for several mammalian cell types in vivo are considered to be hypoxic (low oxygen tension), but the vast majority of in vitro mammalian cell culture is conducted at atmospheric oxygen levels of around 21%. In order to understand the impact of low oxygen environments on cells, oxygen levels need to be regulated during in vitro culture. Two common methods for simulating a hypoxic environment are through the regulation of gas composition or chemical induction. Chemically mimicking hypoxia can have adverse effects such as reducing cell viability, making oxygen regulation in cell culture chambers crucial for long-term culture. However, oxygen-regulating cell culture incubators and commercial hypoxia chambers may not always be a viable option due to cost and limited customization. Other low-cost chambers have been developed, but they tend to lack control systems or are fairly small scale. Thus, the objective of this project was to design and develop a low-cost, open-source, controllable, and reproducible hypoxia chamber that can fit inside a standard cell culture incubator. This design allows for the control of O2 between 1 and 21%, while maintaining CO2 levels at 5%, as well as monitoring of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. Testing showed our hypoxia chamber was able to maintain CO2 levels at 5% and hypoxic O2 levels at 1% and 5% for long-term cell culture. This simple and easy-to-manufacture design uses off the shelf components, and the total material cost was $832.47 (USD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R.N. Marchus
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Jacob A. Knudson
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Alexandra E. Morrison
- University of Idaho, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Isabell K. Strawn
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Andrew J. Hartman
- University of Idaho, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Dev Shrestha
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Pancheri
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Ian Glasgow
- University of Idaho, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Nathan R. Schiele
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
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23
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OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG co-regulate glycolysis and participate in somatic induced reprogramming. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:371-383. [DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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24
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Rhatomy S, Utomo DN, Prakoeswa CRS, Rantam FA, Suroto H, Mahyudin F. Ligament/Tendon Culture under Hypoxic Conditions: A Systematic Review. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:595-600. [PMID: 34888206 PMCID: PMC8642806 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic environment is a substantial factor in maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of the cell cultures. Low oxygen is known as a potent chondrogenesis stimulus in stem cells that is important for clinical application and engineering of functional cartilage. Hypoxia can potentially induce angiogenesis process by secretion of cytokines. This systematic review goal is to discover the effect of hypoxic condition on tendon/ ligament culture and the best oxygen level of hypoxia for in vitro and in vivo studies. We included 21 articles. A comprehensive review of this database confirms that the hypoxic condition is a substantial factor in the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of ligament/tendon cultures. Cell proliferation in the severe hypoxic (oxygen concentration of 1%) group at 24 h postcultivation was considered significant, but cell proliferation was markedly inhibited in the severe hypoxic group after 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholahuddin Rhatomy
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dwikora Novembri Utomo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Virology and Immunology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya Indonesia.,Stem Cell Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya Indonesia
| | - Heri Suroto
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ferdiansyah Mahyudin
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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25
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Wahlin KJ, Cheng J, Jurlina SL, Jones MK, Dash NR, Ogata A, Kibria N, Ray S, Eldred KC, Kim C, Heng JS, Phillips J, Johnston RJ, Gamm DM, Berlinicke C, Zack DJ. CRISPR Generated SIX6 and POU4F2 Reporters Allow Identification of Brain and Optic Transcriptional Differences in Human PSC-Derived Organoids. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:764725. [PMID: 34869356 PMCID: PMC8635054 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.764725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent a powerful tool to investigate human eye development and disease. When grown in 3D, they can self-assemble into laminar organized retinas; however, variation in the size, shape and composition of individual organoids exists. Neither the microenvironment nor the timing of critical growth factors driving retinogenesis are fully understood. To explore early retinal development, we developed a SIX6-GFP reporter that enabled the systematic optimization of conditions that promote optic vesicle formation. We demonstrated that early hypoxic growth conditions enhanced SIX6 expression and promoted eye formation. SIX6 expression was further enhanced by sequential inhibition of Wnt and activation of sonic hedgehog signaling. SIX6 + optic vesicles showed RNA expression profiles that were consistent with a retinal identity; however, ventral diencephalic markers were also present. To demonstrate that optic vesicles lead to bona fide "retina-like" structures we generated a SIX6-GFP/POU4F2-tdTomato dual reporter line that labeled the entire developing retina and retinal ganglion cells, respectively. Additional brain regions, including the hypothalamus and midbrain-hindbrain (MBHB) territories were identified by harvesting SIX6 + /POU4F2- and SIX6- organoids, respectively. Using RNAseq to study transcriptional profiles we demonstrated that SIX6-GFP and POU4F2-tdTomato reporters provided a reliable readout for developing human retina, hypothalamus, and midbrain/hindbrain organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J. Wahlin
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Karl J. Wahlin,
| | - Jie Cheng
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shawna L. Jurlina
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Melissa K. Jones
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Dash
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anna Ogata
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nawal Kibria
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sunayan Ray
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kiara C. Eldred
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Catherine Kim
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jacob S. Heng
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jenny Phillips
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Robert J. Johnston
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David M. Gamm
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States,McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Cynthia Berlinicke
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Donald J. Zack
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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26
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Alderdice R, Pernice M, Cárdenas A, Hughes DJ, Harrison PL, Boulotte N, Chartrand K, Kühl M, Suggett DJ, Voolstra CR. Hypoxia as a physiological cue and pathological stress for coral larvae. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:571-587. [PMID: 34716959 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ocean deoxygenation events are intensifying worldwide and can rapidly drive adult corals into a state of metabolic crisis and bleaching-induced mortality, but whether coral larvae are subject to similar stress remains untested. We experimentally exposed apo-symbiotic coral larvae of Acropora selago to deoxygenation stress with subsequent reoxygenation aligned to their night-day light cycle, and followed their gene expression using RNA-Seq. After 12 h of deoxygenation stress (~2 mg O2 /L), coral planulae demonstrated a low expression of HIF-targeted hypoxia response genes concomitant with a significantly high expression of PHD2 (a promoter of HIFα proteasomal degradation), similar to corresponding adult corals. Despite exhibiting a consistent swimming phenotype compared to control samples, the differential gene expression observed in planulae exposed to deoxygenation-reoxygenation suggests a disruption of pathways involved in developmental regulation, mitochondrial activity, lipid metabolism, and O2 -sensitive epigenetic regulators. Importantly, we found that treated larvae exhibited a disruption in the expression of conserved HIF-targeted developmental regulators, for example, Homeobox (HOX) genes, corroborating how changes in external oxygen levels can affect animal development. We discuss how the observed deoxygenation responses may be indicative of a possible acclimation response or alternatively may imply negative latent impacts for coral larval fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Alderdice
- Faculty of Science, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Mathieu Pernice
- Faculty of Science, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Anny Cárdenas
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - David J Hughes
- Faculty of Science, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter L Harrison
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadine Boulotte
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Katie Chartrand
- Centre of Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Michael Kühl
- Faculty of Science, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - David J Suggett
- Faculty of Science, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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27
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Jeannerat A, Peneveyre C, Armand F, Chiappe D, Hamelin R, Scaletta C, Hirt-Burri N, de Buys Roessingh A, Raffoul W, Applegate LA, Laurent A. Hypoxic Incubation Conditions for Optimized Manufacture of Tenocyte-Based Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients of Homologous Standardized Transplant Products in Tendon Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112872. [PMID: 34831095 PMCID: PMC8616528 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human fetal progenitor tenocytes (hFPT) produced in defined cell bank systems have recently been characterized and qualified as potential therapeutic cell sources in tendon regenerative medicine. In view of further developing the manufacture processes of such cell-based active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), the effects of hypoxic in vitro culture expansion on key cellular characteristics or process parameters were evaluated. To this end, multiple aspects were comparatively assessed in normoxic incubation (i.e., 5% CO2 and 21% O2, standard conditions) or in hypoxic incubation (i.e., 5% CO2 and 2% O2, optimized conditions). Experimentally investigated parameters and endpoints included cellular proliferation, cellular morphology and size distribution, cell surface marker panels, cell susceptibility toward adipogenic and osteogenic induction, while relative protein expression levels were analyzed by quantitative mass spectrometry. The results outlined conserved critical cellular characteristics (i.e., cell surface marker panels, cellular phenotype under chemical induction) and modified key cellular parameters (i.e., cell size distribution, endpoint cell yields, matrix protein contents) potentially procuring tangible benefits for next-generation cell manufacturing workflows. Specific proteomic analyses further shed some light on the cellular effects of hypoxia, potentially orienting further hFPT processing for cell-based, cell-free API manufacture. Overall, this study indicated that hypoxic incubation impacts specific hFPT key properties while preserving critical quality attributes (i.e., as compared to normoxic incubation), enabling efficient manufacture of tenocyte-based APIs for homologous standardized transplant products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Jeannerat
- Applied Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Cédric Peneveyre
- Applied Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Florence Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility and Technology Platform, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.A.); (D.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Diego Chiappe
- Proteomics Core Facility and Technology Platform, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.A.); (D.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Romain Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility and Technology Platform, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.A.); (D.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Anthony de Buys Roessingh
- Children and Adolescent Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (L.A.A.)
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Applied Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (L.A.A.)
- Manufacturing Department, TEC-PHARMA SA, CH-1038 Bercher, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-21-546-42-00
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28
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Di Mattia M, Mauro A, Citeroni MR, Dufrusine B, Peserico A, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Dainese E, Cimini A, Barboni B. Insight into Hypoxia Stemness Control. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082161. [PMID: 34440930 PMCID: PMC8394199 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the research on stemness and multilineage differentiation mechanisms has greatly increased its value due to the potential therapeutic impact of stem cell-based approaches. Stem cells modulate their self-renewing and differentiation capacities in response to endogenous and/or extrinsic factors that can control stem cell fate. One key factor controlling stem cell phenotype is oxygen (O2). Several pieces of evidence demonstrated that the complexity of reproducing O2 physiological tensions and gradients in culture is responsible for defective stem cell behavior in vitro and after transplantation. This evidence is still worsened by considering that stem cells are conventionally incubated under non-physiological air O2 tension (21%). Therefore, the study of mechanisms and signaling activated at lower O2 tension, such as those existing under native microenvironments (referred to as hypoxia), represent an effective strategy to define if O2 is essential in preserving naïve stemness potential as well as in modulating their differentiation. Starting from this premise, the goal of the present review is to report the status of the art about the link existing between hypoxia and stemness providing insight into the factors/molecules involved, to design targeted strategies that, recapitulating naïve O2 signals, enable towards the therapeutic use of stem cell for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-086-1426-6888; Fax: +39-08-6126-6860
| | - Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Beatrice Dufrusine
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Enrico Dainese
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
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29
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Khorshidi S, Karimi-Soflou R, Karkhaneh A. A hydrogel/particle composite with a gradient of oxygen releasing microparticle for concurrent osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in a single scaffold. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112007. [PMID: 34339972 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a hydrogel/particle scaffold with a gradient of the oxygen releasing microparticles was developed. Hydrogel component was composed of the oxidized pectin and silk fibroin, whereas the microparticles were constituted from polylactic acid (PLA) and calcium peroxide (CPO). A controlled mixing of the suspensions with different content of the PLA/CPO microparticles conferred a gradient of microparticles in scaffold thickness in a manner that the microparticle content increased with moving from lower to upper face of the composite. Measurement of the scaffold mechanical properties corroborated that with moving from lower to upper face, the compressive modulus increased by 78 %. The measurement of the oxygen and calcium release from the successive sections of the composite revealed that the gradient of microparticle concentration resulted in the gradient of the released oxygen and calcium. MTT analysis proved that the gradient oxygen releasing composite did not induce any toxic effect on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAd-MSCs). Moreover, the cell culture on successive sections of the gradient composite confirmed that oxygen releasing composite substantially improved the cell viability and density comparing the pristine hydrogel and the non-oxygen releasing counterpart. The increase in microparticle content conferred a positive impact on the number of viable cells. The study of osteogenic (ALP, OCN and OPN) and chondrogenic (SOX9, AGG and COL ⅠⅠ) gene expression proved that the gradient composite parts with high microparticle content promoted osteogenesis, whereas the parts with low microparticle content encouraged chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Khorshidi
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Karimi-Soflou
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Otero J, Ulldemolins A, Farré R, Almendros I. Oxygen Biosensors and Control in 3D Physiomimetic Experimental Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1165. [PMID: 34439413 PMCID: PMC8388981 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cell culture is experiencing a revolution moving toward physiomimetic approaches aiming to reproduce healthy and pathological cell environments as realistically as possible. There is increasing evidence demonstrating that biophysical and biochemical factors determine cell behavior, in some cases considerably. Alongside the explosion of these novel experimental approaches, different bioengineering techniques have been developed and improved. Increased affordability and popularization of 3D bioprinting, fabrication of custom-made lab-on-a chip, development of organoids and the availability of versatile hydrogels are factors facilitating the design of tissue-specific physiomimetic in vitro models. However, lower oxygen diffusion in 3D culture is still a critical limitation in most of these studies, requiring further efforts in the field of physiology and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. During recent years, novel advanced 3D devices are introducing integrated biosensors capable of monitoring oxygen consumption, pH and cell metabolism. These biosensors seem to be a promising solution to better control the oxygen delivery to cells and to reproduce some disease conditions involving hypoxia. This review discusses the current advances on oxygen biosensors and control in 3D physiomimetic experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Otero
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.O.); (A.U.); (R.F.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Repiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ulldemolins
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.O.); (A.U.); (R.F.)
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.O.); (A.U.); (R.F.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Repiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.O.); (A.U.); (R.F.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Repiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak M, Ranjan R, Soni YK, Singh MK, Pourouchottamane R, Chauhan MS. Low oxygen tension potentiates proliferation and stemness but not multilineage differentiation of caprine male germline stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5063-5074. [PMID: 34148207 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The milieu of male germline stem cells (mGSCs) is characterized as a low-oxygen (O2) environment, whereas, their in-vitro expansion is typically performed under normoxia (20-21% O2). The comparative information about the effects of low and normal O2 levels on the growth and differentiation of caprine mGSCs (cmGSCs) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to investigate the functional and multilineage differentiation characteristics of enriched cmGSCs, when grown under hypoxia and normoxia. After enrichment of cmGSCs through multiple methods (differential platting and Percoll-density gradient centrifugation), the growth characteristics of cells [population-doubling time (PDT), viability, proliferation, and senescence], and expression of key-markers of adhesion (β-integrin and E-Cadherin) and stemness (OCT-4, THY-1 and UCHL-1) were evaluated under hypoxia (5% O2) and normoxia (21% O2). Furthermore, the extent of multilineage differentiation (neurogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation) under different culture conditions was assessed. The survival, viability, and proliferation were significantly (p < 0.05) improved, thus, yielding a significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of viable cells with larger colonies under hypoxia. Furthermore, the expression of stemness and adhesion markers were distinctly upregulated under lowered O2 conditions. Conversely, the differentiated regions and expression of differentiation-specific genes [C/EBPα (adipogenic), nestin and β-tubulin (neurogenic), and COL2A1 (chondrogenic)] were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under hypoxia. Overall, the results demonstrate that culturing cmGSCs under hypoxia augments the growth characteristics and stemness but not the multilineage differentiation of cmGSCs, as compared with normoxia. These data are important to develop robust methodologies for ex-vivo expansion and lineage-committed differentiation of cmGSCs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ramasamy Pourouchottamane
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
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32
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Burns AB, Doris C, Vehar K, Saxena V, Bardliving C, Shamlou PA, Phillips MI. Novel low shear 3D bioreactor for high purity mesenchymal stem cell production. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252575. [PMID: 34133442 PMCID: PMC8208585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) are an attractive candidate for regenerative medicine. However, their harvest can be invasive, painful, and expensive, making it difficult to supply the enormous amount of pure hMSCs needed for future allogeneic therapies. Because of this, a robust method of scaled bioreactor culture must be designed to supply the need for high purity, high density hMSC yields. Here we test a scaled down model of a novel bioreactor consisting of an unsubmerged 3D printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) lattice matrix wetted by culture media. The growth matrix is uniform, replicable, and biocompatible, enabling homogenous cell culture in three dimensions. The goal of this study was to prove that hMSCs would culture well in this novel bioreactor design. The system tested resulted in comparable stem cell yields to other cell culture systems using bone marrow derived hMSCs, while maintaining viability (96.54% ±2.82), high purity (>98% expression of combined positive markers), and differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Burns
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, California, United States of America
| | - Corinna Doris
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin Vehar
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, California, United States of America
| | - Vinit Saxena
- Sepragen Corporation, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Cameron Bardliving
- Jefferson Institute for Bioprocessing, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Parviz A. Shamlou
- Jefferson Institute for Bioprocessing, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - M. Ian Phillips
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, California, United States of America
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Wu SH, Liao YT, Hsueh KK, Huang HK, Chen TM, Chiang ER, Hsu SH, Tseng TC, Wang JP. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells From a Hypoxic Culture Improve Neuronal Differentiation and Nerve Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658099. [PMID: 33996818 PMCID: PMC8120285 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic expansion has been demonstrated to enhance in vitro neuronal differentiation of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) increase their neuronal differentiation potential following hypoxic expansion has been examined in the study. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were employed to detect the expression of neuronal markers and compare the differentiation efficiency of hypoxic and normoxic ADSCs. A sciatic nerve injury animal model was used to analyze the gastrocnemius muscle weights as the outcomes of hypoxic and normoxic ADSC treatments, and sections of the regenerated nerve fibers taken from the conduits were analyzed by histological staining and immunohistochemical staining. Comparisons of the treatment effects of ADSCs and BMSCs following hypoxic expansion were also conducted in vitro and in vivo. Hypoxic expansion prior to the differentiation procedure promoted the expression of the neuronal markers in ADSC differentiated neuron-like cells. Moreover, the conduit connecting the sciatic nerve gap injected with hypoxic ADSCs showed the highest recovery rate of the gastrocnemius muscle weights in the animal model, suggesting a conceivable treatment for hypoxic ADSCs. The percentages of the regenerated myelinated fibers from the hypoxic ADSCs detected by toluidine blue staining and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining were higher than those of the normoxic ones. On the other hand, hypoxic expansion increased the neuronal differentiation potential of ADSCs compared with that of the hypoxic BMSCs in vitro. The outcomes of animals treated with hypoxic ADSCs and hypoxic BMSCs showed similar results, confirming that hypoxic expansion enhances the neuronal differentiation potential of ADSCs in vitro and improves in vivo therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Hsien Wu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Kai Hsueh
- Department of Orthopedics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kuang Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthopedics, Taipei City Hospital-Zhong Xiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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34
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Samal JRK, Rangasami VK, Samanta S, Varghese OP, Oommen OP. Discrepancies on the Role of Oxygen Gradient and Culture Condition on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002058. [PMID: 33533187 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, mesenchymal stem (or stromal) cells (MSCs) have garnered enormous interest due to their therapeutic value especially for their multilineage differentiation potential leading to regenerative medicine applications. MSCs undergo physiological changes upon in vitro expansion resulting in expression of different receptors, thereby inducing high variabilities in therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, understanding the biochemical cues that influence the native local signals on differentiation or proliferation of these cells is very important. There have been several reports that in vitro culture of MSCs in low oxygen gradient (or hypoxic conditions) upregulates the stemness markers and promotes cell proliferation in an undifferentiated state, as hypoxia mimics the conditions the progenitor cells experience within the tissue. However, different studies report different oxygen gradients and culture conditions causing ambiguity in their interpretation of the results. In this progress report, it is aimed to summarize recent studies in the field with specific focus on conflicting results reported during the application of hypoxic conditions for improving the proliferation or differentiation of MSCs. Further, it is tried to decipher the factors that can affect characteristics of MSC under hypoxia and suggest a few techniques that could be combined with hypoxic cell culture to better recapitulate the MSC tissue niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. K. Samal
- Department of Instructive Biomaterial Engineering MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Vignesh K. Rangasami
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland
| | - Sumanta Samanta
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland
| | - Oommen P. Varghese
- Translational Chemical Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala 751 21 Sweden
| | - Oommen P. Oommen
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland
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35
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Lee SM, Jun DW, Kang HT, Oh JH, Saeed WK, Ahn SB. Optimal Hypoxic Preconditioning of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hES-MSCs) and Their Characteristics. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:221-228. [PMID: 33632987 PMCID: PMC8138663 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Hypoxia is frequently used to enhance stem cell function. However, the optimal level of hypoxia for growth and function of human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hES-MSCs) is yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to find the optimal level of hypoxia for hES-MSCs and characteristics of hES-MSCs cultured under these optimal hypoxic conditions. Methods and Results Cell viability and changes in the morphology of hES-MSCs were determined through cell proliferation and CCK-8 assay. The hES-MSCs were preconditioned under various hypoxic conditions (0.5∼5% O2 and 24∼72 h). The expression of cytokines in each culture condition was compared using cytokine array analysis. The morphology of hES-MSCs did not change under various hypoxic culture conditions. hES-MSCs viability after 48 h incubation in 2% O2 condition was higher than that in normoxic condition. HIF1α expression was increased up to six folds after 48 h of hypoxic preconditioning. HIF1α expression in hES-MSCs peaked after 48 h of incubation in 1% O2 condition. The expressions of PDGF-BB, IGFBP-6, VEGF-A, and angiogenin were increased after hES-MSCs were incubated for 48 h in 2% O2 condition. Conclusions The hES-MSCs viability and expressions of PDGF-BB, IGFBP-6, VEGF-A, and angiogenin increased after 48 h incubation in 2% O2 condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Oh
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Waqar Khalid Saeed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Choi KH, Yoon JW, Kim M, Lee HJ, Jeong J, Ryu M, Jo C, Lee CK. Muscle stem cell isolation and in vitro culture for meat production: A methodological review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:429-457. [PMID: 33443788 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cultured muscle tissue-based protein products, also known as cultured meat, are produced through in vitro myogenesis involving muscle stem cell culture and differentiation, and mature muscle cell processing for flavor and texture. This review focuses on the in vitro myogenesis for cultured meat production. The muscle stem cell-based in vitro muscle tissue production consists of a sequential process: (1) muscle sampling for stem cell collection, (2) muscle tissue dissociation and muscle stem cell isolation, (3) primary cell culture, (4) upscaled cell culture, (5) muscle differentiation and maturation, and (6) muscle tissue harvest. Although muscle stem cell research is a well-established field, the majority of these steps remain to be underoptimized to enable the in vitro creation of edible muscle-derived meat products. The profound understanding of the process would help not only cultured meat production but also business sectors that have been seeking new biomaterials for the food industry. In this review, we discuss comprehensively and in detail each step of cutting-edge methods for cultured meat production. This would be meaningful for both academia and industry to prepare for the new era of cellular agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Yoon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Ryu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
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37
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Wang JP, Liao YT, Wu SH, Chiang ER, Hsu SH, Tseng TC, Hung SC. Mesenchymal stem cells from a hypoxic culture improve nerve regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1804-1814. [PMID: 32976700 DOI: 10.1002/term.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Repairing the peripheral nerves following a segmental defect injury remains surgically challenging. Because of some disadvantages of nerve grafts, nerve regeneration, such as conduits combined with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), may serve as an alternative. BMSCs expand under hypoxic conditions, decrease in senescence, and increase in proliferation and differentiation potential into the bone, fat, and cartilage. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BMSCs increased the neuronal differentiation potential following expansion under hypoxic conditions. Isolated human BMSCs (hBMSCs) expand under hypoxia or normoxia, and neuronal differentiation proceeds under normoxia. in vitro tests revealed hypoxia culture enhanced the RNA and protein expression of neuronal markers. The electrophysiology of hBMSC-differentiated neuron-like cells was also enhanced by the hypoxia culturing. Our animal model indicated that the potential treatment of hypoxic rat BMSCs (rBMSCs) was better than that of normoxic rBMSCs because the conduit with the hypoxic rBMSCs injection demonstrated the highest recovery rate of gastrocnemius muscle weights. There were more toluidine blue-stained myelinated nerve fibers in the hypoxic rBMSCs group than in the normoxic group. To sum up, BMSCs cultured under hypoxia increased the potential of neuronal differentiation both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hsien Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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38
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Investigation of the effect of a time delay on the characteristics and survival of dental pulp stem cells from extracted teeth. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 119:104896. [PMID: 32932148 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the post-extraction storage period of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) for stem cell banking by investigating the viability, function, mineralization, and gene expression of hDPSCs isolated from extracted teeth after 1 h, 6 h and 24 h post-tooth extraction. DESIGN hDPSCs were extracted from the pulp of impacted third molar teeth after 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h after extraction. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) properties of three groups of cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell morphology and proliferation were analyzed using a light microscope and an MTT assay. The viability, function, mineralization, and gene expression of hDPSCs of 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h groups were also assessed. RESULTS The delayed harvesting of hDPSCs for 1, 6 or 24 h caused a 31 % reduction in mineral nodule formation and a reduction in the gene expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and vascular endothelial growth factor-alpha (VEGFA). However, the 1, 6 or 24 h, time delay had little effect on MTT cell proliferation, cell viability or morphology. The delayed of harvesting of hDPSCs for 1, 6 or 24 h also had little effect on the expression of MSCs positive (CD44, CD106, CD90) or negative surface markers (CD45 and CD11b). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a 24 h delay in harvesting hDPSCs from extracted teeth can reduce their mineralization and gene activity but does not markedly reduce survival. Quicker hDPSCs harvesting is likely to yield more useful hDPSCs for experimentation and clinical treatment.
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Citeroni MR, Ciardulli MC, Russo V, Della Porta G, Mauro A, El Khatib M, Di Mattia M, Galesso D, Barbera C, Forsyth NR, Maffulli N, Barboni B. In Vitro Innovation of Tendon Tissue Engineering Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6726. [PMID: 32937830 PMCID: PMC7555358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is the term used to refer to tendon disorders. Spontaneous adult tendon healing results in scar tissue formation and fibrosis with suboptimal biomechanical properties, often resulting in poor and painful mobility. The biomechanical properties of the tissue are negatively affected. Adult tendons have a limited natural healing capacity, and often respond poorly to current treatments that frequently are focused on exercise, drug delivery, and surgical procedures. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify key molecular and cellular processes involved in the progression of tendinopathies to develop effective therapeutic strategies and drive the tissue toward regeneration. To treat tendon diseases and support tendon regeneration, cell-based therapy as well as tissue engineering approaches are considered options, though none can yet be considered conclusive in their reproduction of a safe and successful long-term solution for full microarchitecture and biomechanical tissue recovery. In vitro differentiation techniques are not yet fully validated. This review aims to compare different available tendon in vitro differentiation strategies to clarify the state of art regarding the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Mohammad El Khatib
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Carlo Barbera
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
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Petrova E, Pavlova E, Tinkov AA, Ajsuvakova OP, Skalny AV, Rashev P, Vladov I, Gluhcheva Y. Cobalt accumulation and iron-regulatory protein profile expression in immature mouse brain after perinatal exposure to cobalt chloride. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 329:109217. [PMID: 32750324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Developing brain is very sensitive to the influence of environmental factors during gestation and the neonatal period. The aim of the study is to assess cobalt and iron accumulation in the brain as well as changes in the expression of iron-regulatory proteins transferrin receptor 1, hepcidin, and ferroportin in suckling mice. Perinatal exposure to cobalt chloride increased significantly cobalt content in brain tissue homogenates of 18-day-old (d18) and 25-day-old (d25) mice inducing alterations in brain iron homeostasis. Higher degree of transferrin receptor 1 expression was demonstrated in cobalt chloride-exposed mice with no substantial changes between d18 and d25 mice. A weak ferroportin expression was found in 18-day-old control and cobalt-treated mouse brain. Cobalt exposure of d25 mice resulted in increased ferroportin expression in brain compared to the untreated age-matched control group. Hepcidin level in cobalt-exposed groups was decreased in d18 mice and slightly increased in d25 mice. The obtained data contribute for the better understanding of metal toxicity impact on iron homeostasis in the developing brain with further possible implications in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Petrova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ekaterina Pavlova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- P G Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia; I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia.
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- P G Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia.
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia.
| | - Pavel Rashev
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsarigradsko shose Blvd 73, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ivelin Vladov
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Yordanka Gluhcheva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Cui Q, Zhang D, Kong D, Tang J, Liao X, Yang Q, Ren J, Gong Y, Wu G. Co-transplantation with adipose-derived cells to improve parathyroid transplantation in a mice model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:200. [PMID: 32456711 PMCID: PMC7249357 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accidentally removed parathyroid glands are still challenging in neck surgery, leading to hypoparathyroidism characterized with abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid auto-transplantation is usually applied in compensation. To improve the efficiency of parathyroid transplantation, we introduced a method by co-transplanting with adipose-derived cells, including stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in parathyroid transplantation survival. Methods Rat and human parathyroid tissues were transplanted into nude mice as parathyroid transplantation model to examine the effects of SVFs and ADSCs on grafts angiogenesis and survival rates, including blood vessel assembly and parathyroid hormone levels. Several angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2, were assessed in parathyroid grafts. The effects of hypoxia were investigated on ADSCs. The modulatory roles of the eyes absent homolog 1 (EYA1), which is vital in parathyroid development, was also investigated on angiogenic factor production and secretion by ADSCs. All experimental data were statistically processed. Student’s t test was used to assess significant differences between 2 groups. For multiple comparisons with additional interventions, two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was performed. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results SVFs improve rat parathyroid transplantation survival and blood vessel assembly, as well as FGF2 and VEGF-A expression levels in parathyroid transplantation mice. Functional human parathyroid grafts have higher microvessel density and increased VEGF-A expression. The supernatant of ADSCs induced tubule formation and migration of human endothelial cells in vitro. Hypoxia had no effect on proliferation and apoptosis of human ADSCs but induced higher angiogenic factor levels of VEGF-A and FGF2, modulated by EYA1, which was confirmed by parathyroid glands transplantation in mice. Conclusions Adipose-derived cells, including ADSCs and SVFs, improve parathyroid transplantation survival via promoting angiogenesis through EYA1-regulating angiogenetic factors in vitro and in vivo. Our studies proved an effective method to improve the parathyroid autotransplantation, which is promising for clinical patients with hypoparathyroidism when parathyroid glands were accidentally injured, removed, or devascularized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Cui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deguang Kong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Tang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangbo Ren
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China.
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Dash BC, Setia O, Gorecka J, Peyvandi H, Duan K, Lopes L, Nie J, Berthiaume F, Dardik A, Hsia HC. A Dense Fibrillar Collagen Scaffold Differentially Modulates Secretory Function of iPSC-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Promote Wound Healing. Cells 2020; 9:E966. [PMID: 32295218 PMCID: PMC7226960 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) in abundance is a promising strategy for vascular regeneration. While hiPSC-VSMCs have already been utilized for tissue-engineered vascular grafts and disease modeling, there is a lack of investigations exploring their therapeutic secretory factors. The objective of this manuscript was to understand how the biophysical property of a collagen-based scaffold dictates changes in the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs while developing hiPSC-VSMC-based therapy for durable regenerative wound healing. We investigated the effect of collagen fibrillar density (CFD) on hiPSC-VSMC's paracrine secretion and cytokines via the construction of varying density of collagen scaffolds. Our study demonstrated that CFD is a key scaffold property that modulates the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs. This study lays the foundation for developing collagen-based scaffold materials for the delivery of hiPSC-VSMCs to promote regenerative healing through guiding paracrine signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C. Dash
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Ocean Setia
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Jolanta Gorecka
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Hassan Peyvandi
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Lara Lopes
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - James Nie
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Henry C. Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
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Adolfsson E, Helenius G, Friberg Ö, Samano N, Frøbert O, Johansson K. Bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from donors with coronary artery disease; growth, yield, gene expression and the effect of oxygen concentration. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2020; 80:318-326. [PMID: 32189529 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2020.1741023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cardiovascular cell therapy are procured from different sources including bone marrow and adipose tissue. Differently located MSCs differ in growth potential, differentiation ability and gene expression when cultured in vitro, and studies show different healing abilities for different MSC subgroups. In this study, bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue derived MSCs (ADSCs) from six human donors with coronary artery disease were compared for growth potential and expression of target genes (Angpt1, LIF, HGF, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A) in response to exposure to 1% and 5% O2, for up to 48 h. We found greater growth of ADSCs compared to BMSCs. ADSCs expressed higher levels of Angpt1, LIF and TGF-β1 and equal levels of VEGF-A and HGF as BMSCs. In BMSCs, exposure to low oxygen resulted in upregulation of TGF-β1, whereas other target genes were unaffected. Upregulation was only present at 1% O2. In ADSCs, LIF was upregulated in both oxygen concentrations, whereas Angpt1 was upregulated only at 1% O2. Different response to reduced oxygen culture conditions is of relevance when expanding cells in vitro prior to administration. These findings indicate ADSCs as better suited for cardiovascular cell therapy compared to BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Adolfsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Gisela Helenius
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Örjan Friberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ninos Samano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ole Frøbert
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Karin Johansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Dougherty JA, Patel N, Kumar N, Rao SG, Angelos MG, Singh H, Cai C, Khan M. Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells Enhance Exosome Release and Promote Angiogenesis Under Physoxia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:130. [PMID: 32211408 PMCID: PMC7068154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and their derived exosomes therapeutic potential have demonstrated only modest improvements in cardiac function. Therefore, there is an unmet need to improve the therapeutic efficacy of CPCs and their exosomes to attain clinically relevant improvement in cardiac function. The hypothesis of this project is to assess the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from human CPCs (hCPCs) cultured under normoxia (21% O2), physoxia (5% O2) and hypoxia (1% O2) conditions. hCPCs were characterized by immunostaining of CPC-specific markers (NKX-2.5, GATA-4, and c-kit). Cell proliferation and cell death assay was not altered under physoxia. A gene expression qPCR array (84 genes) was performed to assess the modulation of hypoxic genes under three different oxygen conditions as mentioned above. Our results demonstrated that very few hypoxia-related genes were modulated under physoxia (5 genes upregulated, 4 genes down regulated). However, several genes were modulated under hypoxia (23 genes upregulated, 9 genes downregulated). Furthermore, nanoparticle tracking analysis of the exosomes isolated from hCPCs under physoxia had a 1.6-fold increase in exosome yield when compared to normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Furthermore, tube formation assay for angiogenesis indicated that exosomes derived from hCPCs cultured under physoxia significantly increased tube formation as compared to no-exosome control, 21% O2, and 1% O2 groups. Overall, our study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of physoxic oxygen microenvironment cultured hCPCs and their derived exosomes for myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Dougherty
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nil Patel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shubha Gururaja Rao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mark G Angelos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Olson KR, Gao Y, DeLeon ER, Markel TA, Drucker N, Boone D, Whiteman M, Steiger AK, Pluth MD, Tessier CR, Stahelin RV. Extended hypoxia-mediated H 2 S production provides for long-term oxygen sensing. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13368. [PMID: 31442361 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Numerous studies have shown that H2 S serves as an acute oxygen sensor in a variety of cells. We hypothesize that H2 S also serves in extended oxygen sensing. METHODS Here, we compare the effects of extended exposure (24-48 hours) to varying O2 tensions on H2 S and polysulphide metabolism in human embryonic kidney (HEK 293), human adenocarcinomic alveolar basal epithelial (A549), human colon cancer (HTC116), bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle, human umbilical-derived mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells and porcine tracheal epithelium (PTE) using sulphur-specific fluorophores and fluorometry or confocal microscopy. RESULTS All cells continuously produced H2 S in 21% O2 and H2 S production was increased at lower O2 tensions. Decreasing O2 from 21% to 10%, 5% and 1% O2 progressively increased H2 S production in HEK293 cells and this was partially inhibited by a combination of inhibitors of H2 S biosynthesis, aminooxyacetate, propargyl glycine and compound 3. Mitochondria appeared to be the source of much of this increase in HEK 293 cells. H2 S production in all other cells and PTE increased when O2 was lowered from 21% to 5% except for HTC116 cells where 1% O2 was necessary to increase H2 S, presumably reflecting the hypoxic environment in vivo. Polysulphides (H2 Sn , where n = 2-7), the key signalling metabolite of H2 S also appeared to increase in many cells although this was often masked by high endogenous polysulphide concentrations. CONCLUSION These results show that cellular H2 S is increased during extended hypoxia and they suggest this is a continuously active O2 -sensing mechanism in a variety of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine‐South Bend South Bend Indiana
| | - Yan Gao
- Indiana University School of Medicine‐South Bend South Bend Indiana
| | - Eric R. DeLeon
- Indiana University School of Medicine‐South Bend South Bend Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Troy A. Markel
- Indiana University School of Medicine Riley Hospital for Children at IU Health Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Natalie Drucker
- Indiana University School of Medicine Riley Hospital for Children at IU Health Indianapolis Indiana
| | - David Boone
- Indiana University School of Medicine‐South Bend South Bend Indiana
| | | | - Andrea K. Steiger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Oregon Eugene Oregon
| | - Michael D. Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Oregon Eugene Oregon
| | | | - Robert V. Stahelin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
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Kubota S, Tanaka M, Endo H, Ito Y, Onuma K, Ueda Y, Kamiura S, Yoshino K, Kimura T, Kondo J, Inoue M. Dedifferentiation of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix in hypoxia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:398-404. [PMID: 32007268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of small cell type (SCNEC) is a rare pathological subtype in cervical cancer, which has a worse prognosis than other histological cell types. Due to its low incidence and the lack of experimental platforms, the molecular characteristics of SCNEC in the cervix remain largely unknown. Using the cancer tissue-originated spheroid (CTOS) method-an ex vivo 3D culture system that preserves the differentiation status of the original tumors-we established a panel of CTOS lines of SCNEC. We demonstrated that xenograft tumors and CTOSs, respectively, exhibited substantial intra-tumor and intra-CTOS variation in the expression levels of chromogranin A (CHGA), a neuroendocrine tumor marker. Since hypoxia affects differentiation in various tumors and in stem cells, we also investigated how hypoxia affected neuroendocrine differentiation of SCNEC of the uterine cervix. In the CTOS line cerv21, hypoxia suppressed expression of the neuroendocrine markers CHGA and synaptophysin (SYP). Flow cytometry analysis using CD99 (a membrane protein marker of SCNEC) revealed decreased CD99 expression in a subset of cells under hypoxic conditions. These expression changes were attenuated by HIF-1α knockdown, and by a Notch inhibitor, suggesting that these molecules played a role in the regulation of neuroendocrine differentiation. The examined SCNEC markers were suppressed under hypoxia in multiple CTOS lines. Overall, our present results indicated that neuroendocrine differentiation in SCNEC of the uterus is a variable phenotype, and that hypoxia may be one of the factors regulating the differentiation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kubota
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Mie Tanaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroko Endo
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunishige Onuma
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shoji Kamiura
- Department of Gynecology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Jumpei Kondo
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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47
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Low-oxygen and knock-out serum maintain stemness in human retinal progenitor cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:1613-1623. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Afra S, Matin MM. Potential of mesenchymal stem cells for bioengineered blood vessels in comparison with other eligible cell sources. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:1-13. [PMID: 31897835 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Application of stem cells in tissue engineering has proved to be effective in many cases due to great proliferation and differentiation potentials as well as possible paracrine effects of these cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as a valuable source for vascular tissue engineering, which requires endothelial and perivascular cells. The goal of this review is to survey the potential of MSCs for engineering functional blood vessels in comparison with other cell types including bone marrow mononuclear cells, endothelial precursor cells, differentiated adult autologous smooth muscle cells, autologous endothelial cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In conclusion, MSCs represent a preference in making autologous tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) as well as off-the-shelf TEVGs for emergency vascular surgery cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simindokht Afra
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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49
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Park SM, Li Q, Ryu MO, Nam A, An JH, Yang JI, Kim SM, Song WJ, Youn HY. Preconditioning of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with deferoxamine potentiates anti-inflammatory effects by directing/reprogramming M2 macrophage polarization. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019; 219:109973. [PMID: 31765882 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.109973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preconditioning with hypoxia or hypoxia-mimetic agents has been tried with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. These preconditioning procedures upregulate hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1-alpha leading to the transcription of HIF-dependent tissue protective and anti-inflammatory genes. Due to the limited number of studies exploring the activity of deferoxamine (DFO)-a hypoxia-mimetic agent-in MSCs, we aimed to determine whether DFO can enhance the secretion of anti-inflammatory substances in canine adipose tissue-derived (cAT)-MSCs. Furthermore, we investigated whether this activity of DFO could affect macrophage polarization and activate anti-inflammatory reactions. cAT-MSCs preconditioned with DFO exhibited enhanced secretion of anti-inflammatory factors such as prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene-6. To evaluate the interaction between DFO preconditioned cAT-MSCs and macrophages, RAW 264.7 cells were co-cultured with cAT-MSCs using the Transwell system, and changes in the expression of factors related to macrophage polarization were analyzed using the quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays. When RAW 264.7 cells were co-cultured with DFO preconditioned cAT-MSCs, the expression of M1 and M2 markers decreased and increased, respectively, compared to co-culturing with non-preconditioned cAT-MSCs. Thus, cAT-MSCs preconditioned with DFO can more effectively direct and reprogram macrophage polarization into the M2 phase, an anti-inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aryung Nam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Magliaro C, Rinaldo A, Ahluwalia A. Allometric Scaling of physiologically-relevant organoids. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11890. [PMID: 31417119 PMCID: PMC6695443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional and structural resemblance of organoids to mammalian organs suggests that they might follow the same allometric scaling rules. However, despite their remarkable likeness to downscaled organs, non-luminal organoids are often reported to possess necrotic cores due to oxygen diffusion limits. To assess their potential as physiologically relevant in vitro models, we determined the range of organoid masses in which quarter power scaling as well as a minimum threshold oxygen concentration is maintained. Using data on brain organoids as a reference, computational models were developed to estimate oxygen consumption and diffusion at different stages of growth. The results show that mature brain (or other non-luminal) organoids generated using current protocols must lie within a narrow range of masses to maintain both quarter power scaling and viable cores. However, micro-fluidic oxygen delivery methods could be designed to widen this range, ensuring a minimum viable oxygen threshold throughout the constructs and mass dependent metabolic scaling. The results provide new insights into the significance of the allometric exponent in systems without a resource-supplying network and may be used to guide the design of more predictive and physiologically relevant in vitro models, providing an effective alternative to animals in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Magliaro
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldo
- Laboratory of Ecohydrology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.,Dipartimento ICEA, University of Padova, via Loredan 30, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Caruso, 16, 56122, Pisa, Italy.
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