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Pinheiro Júnior JEG, Sosa PM, das Neves BHS, Vassallo DV, Peçanha FM, Miguel-Castro M, Mello-Carpes PB, Wiggers GA. Egg White Hydrolysate Mitigates Cadmium-induced Neurological Disorders and Oxidative Damage. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1603-1615. [PMID: 38353895 PMCID: PMC11106117 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether the consumption of Egg White Hydrolysate (EWH) acts on nervous system disorders induced by exposure to Cadmium (Cd) in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into (a) Control (Ct): H2O by gavage for 28 days + H2O (i.p. - 15th - 28th day); (b) Cadmium (Cd): H2O by gavage + CdCl2 - 1 mg/kg/day (i.p. - 15th - 28th day); (c) EWH 14d: EWH 1 g/kg/day by gavage for 14 days + H2O (i.p.- 15th - 28th day); (d) Cd + EWH cotreatment (Cd + EWHco): CdCl2 + EWH for 14 days; (e) EWH 28d: EWH for 28 days; (f) EWHpre + Cd: EWH (1st - 28th day) + CdCl2 (15th - 28th day). At the beginning and the end of treatment, neuromotor performance (Neurological Deficit Scale); motor function (Rota-Rod test); ability to move and explore (Open Field test); thermal sensitivity (Hot Plate test); and state of anxiety (Elevated Maze test) were tested. The antioxidant status in the cerebral cortex and the striatum were biochemically analyzed. Cd induces anxiety, and neuromotor, and thermal sensitivity deficits. EWH consumption prevented anxiety, neuromotor deficits, and alterations in thermal sensitivity, avoiding neuromotor deficits both when the administration was performed before or during Cd exposure. Both modes of administration reduced the levels of reactive species, and the lipid peroxidation increased by Cd and improved the striatum's antioxidant capacity. Pretreatment proved to be beneficial in preventing the reduction of SOD activity in the cortex. EWH could be used as a functional food with antioxidant properties capable of preventing neurological damage induced by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Eudes Gomes Pinheiro Júnior
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marques Sosa
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Souto das Neves
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo and School of Medicine of Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Av. Marechal Campos 1468, Vitória, 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Franck Maciel Peçanha
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marta Miguel-Castro
- Bioactivity and Food Analysis Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
| | - Pâmela Billig Mello-Carpes
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giulia Alessandra Wiggers
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - km 592, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Ruczaj A, Brzóska MM. Environmental exposure of the general population to cadmium as a risk factor of the damage to the nervous system: A critical review of current data. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:66-88. [PMID: 35304765 PMCID: PMC10084305 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, more and more attention has been focused on the risk of the neurotoxic action of cadmium (Cd) under environmental exposure. Due to the growing incidence of nervous system diseases, including neurodegenerative changes, and suggested involvement of Cd in their aetiopathogenesis, this review aimed to discuss critically this element neurotoxicity. Attempts have been made to recognize at which concentrations in the blood and urine Cd may increase the risk of damage to the nervous system and compare it to the risk of injury of other organs and systems. The performed overview of the available literature shows that Cd may have an unfavourable impact on the human's nervous system at the concentration >0.8 μg Cd/L in the urine and >0.6 μg Cd/L in the blood. Because such concentrations are currently noted in the general population of industrialized countries, it can be concluded that environmental exposure to this xenobiotic may create a risk of damage to the nervous system and be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as worsening cognitive and behavioural functions. The potential mechanism of Cd neurotoxicity consists in inducing oxidative stress, disrupting the activity of enzymes essential to the proper functioning of the nervous system and destroying the homoeostasis of bioelements in the brain. Thus, further studies are necessary to recognize accurately both the risk of nervous system damage in the general population due to environmental exposure to Cd and the mechanism of this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ruczaj
- Department of ToxicologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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Petrova E, Pashkunova-Martic I, Schaier M, Gluhcheva Y, Pavlova E, Helbich TH, Keppler B, Ivanova J. Effects of subacute cadmium exposure and subsequent deferiprone treatment on cadmium accumulation and on the homeostasis of essential elements in the mouse brain. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127062. [PMID: 35985070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cadmium (Cd) is а hazardous multi-organ toxin. In this study, we provide the first results about the effect of oral administration of deferiprone (DFP) on Cd accumulation and on the homeostasis of essential elements in the brain of Cd-exposed mice. METHODS Adult Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) male mice were randomized into four experimental groups: untreated controls - administered distilled water for 28 days; Cd-exposed group - exposed to 18 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) Cd(II) acetate for 14 days followed by the administration of distilled water for two weeks; Cd + DFP (low dose) - Cd-intoxicated mice subsequently treated with 19 mg/kg b.w. DFP for two weeks; and Cd + DFP (high dose) - Cd-exposed mice administered high-dose DFP (135 mg/kg b.w.) for 14 days. Brains were subjected to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and histological analysis. RESULTS The results revealed that exposure of mice to Cd for 14 days significantly increased Cd concentration and significantly decreased magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn) contents in the brain compared to untreated controls. This effect was accompanied by necrotic-degenerative changes in both the cerebrum and cerebellum. Oral administration of low-dose DFP to Cd-exposed mice decreased the concentration of the toxic metal in the brain by 16.37% and restored the concentration of the essential elements to normal control values. Histological analysis revealed substantially improved cerebral and cerebellar histoarchitectures. In contrast, oral administration of high-dose DFP increased Cd content and significantly decreased selenium (Se) concentration in the brain. Necrotic neurons and Purkinje cells were still observed in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that oral administration of DFP at low doses has a better therapeutic potential for the treatment of Cd-induced brain damage compared to high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Petrova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Irena Pashkunova-Martic
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna and General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martin Schaier
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Yordanka Gluhcheva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ekaterina Pavlova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Thomas H Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna and General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Juliana Ivanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Kozjak Street 1, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Zhang W, Xu M, Wen S, Wang L, Zhang K, Zhang C, Zou H, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z, Yuan Y. Puerarin alleviates cadmium-induced rat neurocyte injury by alleviating Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and inhibiting mitochondrial unfolded protein response. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114239. [PMID: 36326556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly neurotoxic environmental pollutant. Puerarin (Pur) is a natural antioxidant isolated from Kudzu root that exhibits a powerful neuroprotective effect. Herein, we illustrated the mechanism underlying the protective effect of Pur on Cd-induced rat neurocyte injury in an in vivo rat model as well as in vitro using PC12 cells and primary rat cerebral cortical neurons. First, the results showed that Pur alleviated Cd-induced cerebral cortical pathological damage and decreased the viability of neurocytes. Furthermore, Cd activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, which plays a negative role in Cd-induced rat neurocyte injury. In addition, Pur alleviated Cd-induced oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant defense, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation, and inhibiting activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in rat neurocytes. Moreover, Pur inhibited the Cd-induced mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in rat neurocytes. Overall, Pur alleviated Cd-induced rat neurocyte injury by alleviating Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and inhibiting UPRmt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingchang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuangquan Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kanglei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Shang X, Geng L, Zhao Z, Luo L, Shi X, Zhang Q, Du R, Cong Y, Xu W. Transcriptomics reveals the mechanism of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum alleviating brain oxidative stress under cadmium stress in Luciobarbus capito. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113890. [PMID: 35863216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of toxic metal in environment and is thought to affect nervous system. There were an increasing number of studies on selenium (Se)-enriched probiotics which were believed to produce bioactive nanoselenium. The antagonism of Se on heavy metals can significantly affect biological toxicity of heavy metals. This study aimed to elucidate possible mechanism of brain injury in Luciobarbus capito after Cd exposure and the mitigation of Se-enriched probiotics through transcriptome analysis. The results revealed 465 differentially expressed genes in the Cd and the control brains (Cd vs C), including 320 genes with upregulated expression and 145 genes with downregulated expression. In addition, we found that there were 4117 differentially expressed genes in the Se-enriched L. plantarum plus Cd and the control brains (S1L1-Cd vs C), including 2552 genes with upregulated expression and 1565 genes with downregulated expression. There were 147 differentially expressed genes in the Se-enriched L. plantarum plus Cd and the control brains (S1L1-Cd vs Cd), including 40 genes with upregulated expression and 107 genes with downregulated expression. Moreover, GO enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were involved in biological processes cellular component, and molecular function. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that MAPK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were significantly enriched. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was performed, and we selected 15 related differentially expressed genes for verification. The qRT-PCR results revealed the same trend as the RNA-Seq results. In conclusion, this study elucidated relieving effect of Se-enriched probiotics on Cd exposure-induced brain oxidative stress. This study provided a theoretical basis for further research on genes related to Cd poisoning and the amelioration of Se-enriched probiotics on Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Shang
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Longwu Geng
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Shi
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Harbin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rujun Du
- Fisheries Technology Extension Station of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 166299, China
| | - Yanfeng Cong
- Fisheries Technology Extension Station of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 166299, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Rd 43 Songfa, Daoli District, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Multiplication and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China.
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Mishra DK, Awasthi H, Srivastava D, Fatima Z. Phytochemical: a treatment option for heavy metal induced neurotoxicity. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:513-530. [PMID: 35749142 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. Some heavy metals are necessary while present in the growing medium in moderate concentrations known to be essential heavy metals as they required for the body functioning as a nutrient. But there are some unwanted metals and are also toxic to the environment and create a harmful impact on the body, which termed to be non-essential heavy metals. Upon exposure, the heavy metals decrease the major antioxidants of cells and enzymes with the thiol group and affect cell division, proliferation, and apoptosis. It interacts with the DNA repair mechanism and initiates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It subsequently binds to the mitochondria and may inhibit respiratory and oxidative phosphorylation in even low concentrations. This mechanism leads to damage antioxidant repair mechanism of neuronal cells and turns into neurotoxicity. Now, phytochemicals have led to good practices in the health system. Phytochemicals that are present in the fruits and herbs can preserve upon free radical damage. Thus, this review paper summarized various phytochemicals which can be utilized as a treatment option to reverse the effect of the toxicity caused by the ingestion of heavy metals in our body through various environmental or lifestyles ways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Himani Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Zeeshan Fatima
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, India
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Treviño S, Pulido G, Fuentes E, Handal-Silva A, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Venegas B, Flores G, Guevara J, Díaz A. Effect of cadmium administration on the antioxidant system and neuronal death in the hippocampus of rats. Synapse 2022; 76:1-16. [PMID: 35709361 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal classified as a carcinogen whose exposure could affect the function of the central nervous system. Studies suggest that Cd modifies neuronal morphology in the hippocampus and affects cognitive tasks. The oxidative stress pathway is proposed as a mechanism of toxicity. However, this mechanism is not precise yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cd administration on oxidative stress markers in the male rat's hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were divided into (1) control (drinking water) and (2) treatment with Cd (32.5 ppm of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) in water). The Cd was administered for 2, 3, and 4 months. The results show that the oral administration of CdCl2 increased the concentration of Cd in plasma and hippocampus, and this response is time-dependent on its administration. Likewise, it caused an increase in lipid peroxidation and nitrosative stress markers. Moreover, it increased reactive astrogliosis and antioxidant enzyme activity. Consequently, the progression of the oxidative response exacerbated neurodegeneration in hippocampal cells. Our results suggest that Cd exposure induces a severe oxidative response that contributes critically to hippocampal neurodegeneration. It is suggested that exposure to Cd increases the risk of developing neurological diseases, which contributes to a decrease in the quality of life of the human and the environment in which it lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Treviño
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Pulido
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Estefania Fuentes
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Anabella Handal-Silva
- Department of Biology and Reproductive Toxicology, Science Institute, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Albino Moreno-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Berenice Venegas
- Biological Sciences Faculty, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Tripathi S, Fhatima S, Parmar D, Singh DP, Mishra S, Mishra R, Singh G. Therapeutic effects of CoenzymeQ10, Biochanin A and Phloretin against arsenic and chromium induced oxidative stress in mouse ( Mus musculus) brain. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:116. [PMID: 35547012 PMCID: PMC9023648 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03171-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic and chromium are the most common environmental toxicants prevailing in nature. Hence, the present study endeavors to investigate the salutary effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), Biochanin A (BCA), and Phloretin (PHL) on the combined neurotoxic impact of arsenic and chromium in the Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus). Sodium meta-arsenite (100 ppm) and potassium dichromate (75 ppm) were given orally in conjugation with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg), BCA & PHL (50 mg/kg each) in accordance with body weight per day for the 2 weeks experimental duration. Weight reduction was figured out in the exposed toxic group of arsenic and chromium in contrast with the comparison group (control), and with the selected anti-oxidants treatment, it rose significantly to the basal status (p < 0.05). The concentration of arsenic and chromium was reduced significantly (p < 0.001) amidst all the natural compounds co-medicated groups. Anti-oxidant indicators, viz. lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl content (PCC), were found elevated, with reduction observed in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione s-transferase (GST), and total thiols (TT) in the arsenic and chromium, co-exposed mice. The alterations in redox homeostasis were well corroborated with the estimations of cholinesterase's enzymes (p < 0.05) along with DNA fragmentation assay and altered Nrf2 signaling. The administration of CoQ10, BCA, and PHL ameliorated the effects of arsenic and chromium induced oxidative stress in the exposed mice. Our research unfolds the remedial outcome of these natural compounds contrary to the combined arsenic and chromium associated-neurotoxicity in the experimental model.
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Zaazaa AM, Abd El-Motelp BA, Ali NA, Youssef AM, Sayed MA, Mohamed SH. Stem cell-derived exosomes and copper sulfide nanoparticles attenuate the progression of neurodegenerative disorders induced by cadmium in rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08622. [PMID: 35028441 PMCID: PMC8741450 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs-Exo) and copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) as biomaterials in order to understand the mechanisms that contribute to overcoming cadmium (Cad) induced neurological disorders in rats. Animals were divided into five groups (n = 10): group 1 was served as a negative control and receive vehicle saline (Con), group 2 Positive control groups were received Cad as cadmium chloride at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for six weeks (Cad group), group 3 was received Cad plus MSCs-Exo as a single dose of 100 μLi. v. (Cad + MSCs-Exo), group 4 was received Cad plus CuSNPs at a dose of 6.5 mg/kg orally (Cad + CuSNPs), group 5 was received Cad + MSCs-Exo + CuSNPs for six weeks. However, the activities of each acetylcholine (Ach), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), total antioxidant status (TAC) were measured. Also, the levels of ROS, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Brain brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were evaluated. Beneficial effects on the behavior of animals were observed after treatment with MSCs-Exo and CuSNPs. Furthermore, the administration of MSCs-Exo and CuSNPs have been improve the TAC, BDNF and NGF via ameliorating the oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Moreover, Histopathological studies had shown that great development in the brain of Cad rats treated with MSCs-Exo and CuSNPs. In conclusion, this study offers an overview of innovative stem cell therapy techniques and how to integrate them with nanotechnology to boost therapeutic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Magdy Zaazaa
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, AsmaaFahmy Street Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bosy Azmy Abd El-Motelp
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, AsmaaFahmy Street Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa A. Ali
- Hormones Department, Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ahmed M. Youssef
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aly Sayed
- Department of Animal Reproduction and A. I., Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St. Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa H. Mohamed
- Hormones Department, Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
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10
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Talukder M, Bi SS, Jin HT, Ge J, Zhang C, Lv MW, Li JL. Cadmium induced cerebral toxicity via modulating MTF1-MTs regulatory axis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117083. [PMID: 33965856 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF1) participates in redox homeostasis and heavy metals detoxification via regulating the expression of metal responsive genes. However, the exact role of MTF1 in Cd-induced cerebral toxicity remains unclear. Herein, we explored the mechanism of Cd-elicited cerebral toxicity through modulating MTF1/MTs pathway in chicken cerebrum exposed to different concentrations of Cd (35 mg, 70 mg, and 140 mg/kg CdCl2) via diet. Notably, cerebral tissues showed varying degrees of microstructural changes under Cd exposure. Cd exposure significantly up-regulated the expression of metal transporters (DMT1, ZIP8, and ZIP10) with concomitant elevated Cd level, as determined by ICP-MS. Cd significantly altered other cerebral biometals concentrations (particularly, Zn, Fe, Se, Cr, Mo, and Pb) and redox balance, resulting in increased cerebral oxidative stress. More importantly, Cd exposure suppressed MTF1 mRNA and nuclear protein levels and its target metal-responsive genes, notably metallothioneins (MT1 and MT2), and Fe and Cu transporter genes (FPN1, ATOX1, and XIAP). Moreover, Cd disrupted the regulation of expression of selenoproteome (particularly, GPxs and SelW), and cerebral Se level. Overall, our data revealed that molecular mechanisms associated with Cd-induced cerebral damage might include over-expression of DMT1, ZIP8 and ZIP10, and suppression of MTF1 and its main target metal-responsive genes as well as several selenoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Shao-Shuai Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jin
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mei-Wei Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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11
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Xue H, Cao H, Xing C, Feng J, Zhang L, Zhang C, Hu G, Yang F. Selenium triggers Nrf2-AMPK crosstalk to alleviate cadmium-induced autophagy in rabbit cerebrum. Toxicology 2021; 459:152855. [PMID: 34252479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that accumulates in the brain and causes a series of histopathological changes. Selenium (Se) exerts a crucial function in protecting damage caused by toxic heavy metals, but its potential mechanism is rarely studied. The main purpose of this study is to explore the protective effects of Se on Cd-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in rabbit cerebrum. Forty rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and treated as follows: Control group, Cd (1 mg/kg⋅BW) group, Se (0.5 mg/kg⋅BW) group and Cd (1 mg/kg⋅BW)+Se (0.5 mg/kg⋅BW) group, with 30 days feeding management. Our results suggested that Se treatment significantly suppressed the Cd-induced degenerative changes including cell necrosis, vacuolization, and atrophic neurons. In addition, Se decreased the contents of MDA and H2O2 and increased the activities of CAT, SOD, GST, GSH and GSH-Px, alleviating the imbalance of the redox system induced by Cd. Furthermore, Cd caused the up-regulation of the mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes (ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12 and p62), AMPK (Prkaa1, Prkaa2, Prkab1, Prkab2, Prkag2, Prkag3) and Nrf2 (Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1) signaling pathway, and the expression levels of LC3II/LC3I, p-AMPK/AMPK, Beclin-1, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins, which were alleviated by Se, indicated that Se inhibited Cd-induced autophagy and Nrf2 signaling pathway activation. In conclusion, our study found that Se antagonized Cd-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in the brain by generating crosstalk between AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Xue
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jiapei Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Linwei Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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12
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Ali T, Khan A, Alam SI, Ahmad S, Ikram M, Park JS, Lee HJ, Kim MO. Cadmium, an Environmental Contaminant, Exacerbates Alzheimer's Pathology in the Aged Mice's Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:650930. [PMID: 34248598 PMCID: PMC8263901 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.650930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant, which is a potential risk factor in the progression of aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we have assessed the effects of chronic administration of Cd on cellular oxidative stress and its associated Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies in animal models. Two groups of mice were used, one group administered with saline and the other with Cd (1 mg/kg/day; intraperitoneally) for 3 months. After behavioral studies, molecular/biochemical (Immunoblotting, ELISAs, ROS, LPO, and GSH assays) and morphological analyses were performed. We observed an exacerbation of memory and synaptic deficits in chronic Cd-injected mice. Subacute and chronic Cd escalated reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressed the master antioxidant enzymes, e.g., nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1, and evoked the stress kinase phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 signaling pathways, which may escalate AD pathologies possibly associated with amyloidogenic processes. These findings suggest the regulation of oxidative stress/ROS and its associated amyloid beta pathologies for targeting the Cd-exacerbated AD pathogenesis. In addition, these preclinical animal studies represent a paradigm for epidemiological studies of the human population exposed to chronic and subacute administration of Cd, suggesting avoiding environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amjad Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sayed Ibrar Alam
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sareer Ahmad
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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13
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Brzóska MM, Kozłowska M, Rogalska J, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Roszczenko A, Smereczański NM. Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020478. [PMID: 33572579 PMCID: PMC7911633 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M. Brzóska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Kozłowska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
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14
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Chouit Z, Djellal D, Haddad S, Hanfer M, Hachemi M, Lakroun Z, Chafaa S, Fetoui H, Kebieche M, Soulimani R. Potentiation of the apoptotic signaling pathway in both the striatum and hippocampus and neurobehavioral impairment in rats exposed chronically to a low-dose of cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3307-3317. [PMID: 32915453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal. It accumulates in biological tissues, especially in fish which constitutes a first rank food for humans, particularly in the coastal areas. This study investigates the effect of long-term exposure to low Cd concentration (17 μg/kg/day) in rat striatum and hippocampus. In this study, the neurobehavioral ability changes were assessed by applying cognitive standard testing at the end of the rats' exposure period. In addition, the examination of mitochondrial swelling was performed at the same time of evaluation of its redox status in the brain regions studied through stress parameters (GSH, MDA, GST, and CAT). This study examined also whether this long-term exposure can modify the apoptotic signaling pathway via assessment of apoptotic markers (caspase-8 and 9, Bax, Bcl-2, and Cyt-c) in cell lysates. The results of this study showed changes in neurobehavioral abilities of animals and a stronger mitochondrial swelling associated with a significant decrease in antioxidant systems (GSH, GST, and CAT) and conversely an increase in the lipoperoxidation end product (MDA) in both the striatal and hippocampal mitochondria. In addition, the results revealed a significant increase in pro-apoptotic intracellular components such as caspase-9, Cyt-c, and Bax, and showed also an evident decrease in Bcl-2 levels. In conclusion, our results reported that chronic exposure to Cd produces behavioral and cognitive perturbations, enhances oxidative stress associated with mitochondrial edema and Cyt-c leakage, and, ultimately, potentiates apoptosis signaling pathway in both brain regions in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Chouit
- Laboratory of cellular and molecular biology, University of Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Dounia Djellal
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, LBMBPC, University of Batna 2, Route de Constantine, 05078, Fesdis, Batna, Algeria
| | - Souhila Haddad
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, University of Abderrahmane Mira, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Mourad Hanfer
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, LBMBPC, University of Batna 2, Route de Constantine, 05078, Fesdis, Batna, Algeria
| | - Messaoud Hachemi
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, LBMBPC, University of Batna 2, Route de Constantine, 05078, Fesdis, Batna, Algeria
| | - Zhoura Lakroun
- Laboratory of cellular and molecular biology, University of Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Smail Chafaa
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, LBMBPC, University of Batna 2, Route de Constantine, 05078, Fesdis, Batna, Algeria
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Unit (UR11ES70), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Kebieche
- Laboratory of cellular and molecular biology, University of Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia, Jijel, Algeria.
- Faculty of natural and life sciences, LBMBPC, University of Batna 2, Route de Constantine, 05078, Fesdis, Batna, Algeria.
| | - Rachid Soulimani
- LCOMS/Neurotoxicologie et Bioactivité, Campus Bridoux, Université de Lorraine, 57070, Metz, France
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15
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Redox and essential metal status in the brain of Wistar rats acutely exposed to a cadmium and lead mixture. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2020; 71:197-204. [PMID: 33074172 PMCID: PMC7968497 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Most Pb and Cd neurotoxicity studies investigate exposure to either of the toxic metals alone, while data on co-exposure are scarce. The aim of our study was to fill that gap by investigating acute combined effects of Pb and Cd on redox and essential metal status in the brain of Wistar rats. Animals were randomised in four groups of six to eight rats, which received 15 or 30 mg/kg of Cd, 150 mg/kg of Pb, or 150 mg/kg of Pb + 15 mg/kg of Cd by gavage. The fifth, control, group received distilled water only. Co-treatment with Pb and Cd induced significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) compared to control and groups receiving either metal alone. This is of special importance, as MDA presence in the brain has been implicated in many neurodegenerative disorders. The groups did not significantly differ in Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe brain levels. Our findings highlight the importance of metal mixture studies. Neurotoxicity assessments of single chemicals do not provide a real insight into exposure to mixtures in real life. Further research should look into interactions between these metals to reveal complex molecular mechanisms of their neurotoxicity.
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16
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El-Kott AF, Alshehri AS, Khalifa HS, Abd-Lateif AEKM, Alshehri MA, El-Maksoud MMA, Eid RA, Bin-Meferij MM. Cadmium Chloride Induces Memory Deficits and Hippocampal Damage by Activating the JNK/p 66Shc/NADPH Oxidase Axis. Int J Toxicol 2020; 39:477-490. [PMID: 32856499 DOI: 10.1177/1091581820930651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the mechanism underlying the neurotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in rats involves p66Shc. This study comprised an initial in vivo experiment followed by an in vitro experiment. For the in vivo experiment, male rats were orally administered saline (vehicle) or CdCl2 (0.05 mg/kg) for 30 days. Thereafter, spatial and retention memory of rats were tested and their hippocampi were used for biochemical and molecular analyses. For the in vitro experiment, control or p66Shc-deficient hippocampal cells were treated with CdCl2 (25 µM) in the presence or absence of SP600125, a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor. Cadmium chloride impaired the spatial learning and retention memory of rats; depleted levels of glutathione and manganese superoxide dismutase; increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6; and induced nuclear factor kappa B activation. Cadmium chloride also decreased the number of pyramidal cells in the CA1 region and induced severe damage to the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum of cells in the hippocampi of rats. Moreover, CdCl2 increased the total unphosphorylated p66Shc, phosphorylated (Ser36) p66Shc, phosphorylated JNK, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3. A dose-response increase in cell death, ROS, DNA damage, p66Shc, and NADPH oxidase was also observed in cultured hippocampal cells treated with CdCl2. Of note, all of these biochemical changes were attenuated by silencing p66Shc or inhibiting JNK with SP600125. In conclusion, CdCl2 induces hippocampal ROS generation and apoptosis by promoting the JNK-mediated activation of p66Shc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attalla Farag El-Kott
- Biology Department, College of Science, 204574King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, College of Science, 110144Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ali S Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, 204574King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba S Khalifa
- Zoology Department, College of Science, 110144Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, 204574King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M Abd El-Maksoud
- Community of Nursing Care, Nursing College, 204574King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Refaat A Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, 204574King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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El-Kott AF, Abd-Lateif AEKM, Khalifa HS, Morsy K, Ibrahim EH, Bin-Jumah M, Abdel-Daim MM, Aleya L. Kaempferol protects against cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory deficits by activation of silent information regulator 1 and inhibition of poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138832. [PMID: 32353801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of Kaempferol against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) -induced neurotoxicity is well reported. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) are two related cellular molecules that can negatively affect the activity of each other to promote or inhibit cell survival, respectively. It is still largely unknown if the neurotoxicity of CdCl2 or the neuroprotection of Kaempferol are mediated by modulating SIRT1 and/or PAPR1 activities. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CdCl2-induced memory deficit and hippocampal damage are associated with downregulation/inhibition of SIRT1 and activation of PAPR1, an effect that can be reversed by co-treatment with Kaempferol. Rats (n = 12/group) were divided into 4 groups as control, control + Kaempferol (50 mg//kg), CdCl2 (0.5 mg/kg), and CdCl2 + Kaempferol. All treatments were administered orally for 30 days daily. As compared to control rats, CdCl2 reduced rat's final body weights (21.8%) and their food intake (30%), induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in their hippocampi, and impaired their short and long-term recognition memory functions. Besides, the hippocampi of CdCl2-treated rats had higher levels of TNF-α (197%), and IL-6 (190%) with a concomitant increase in nuclear activity and levels of NF-κB p65 (721% & 554%). Besides, they showed reduced nuclear activity (53%) and levels (74%) of SIRT1, higher nuclear activity and levels of PARP1 (292% & 138%), increased nuclear levels of p53 (870%), and higher acetylated levels of NF-κB p65 (513%), p53 (644%), PARP1 (696%), and FOXO-2 (149%). All these events were significantly reversed in the CdCl2 + Kaempferol-treated rats. Of note, Kaempferol also increased levels of MnSOD (73.5%), and GSH (40%), protein levels of Bcl-2 (350%), and nuclear activity (67%) and levels (46%) of SIRT1 in the hippocampi of the control rats. In conclusion, Kaempferol ameliorates CdCl2-induced memory deficits and hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by increasing SIRT1 activity and inhibiting PARP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attalla Farag El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | | | - Heba S Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo 12611, Egypt
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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18
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Xiong X, Zhang Y, Xing H, Xu S. Ameliorative Effect of Selenomethionine on Cadmium-Induced Hepatocyte Apoptosis via Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway in Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:559-568. [PMID: 31506910 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a trace element for human and animal health. Cadmium (Cd) is a known human carcinogen. The effects of Cd on the environment and humans are well known. Because chickens are at the top of the food chain, it is a good experimental animal model for assessing heavy metal toxicity and its potential threat to humans. Selenomethionine (Se-met) is a suitable form for nutritional Se supplementation. Therefore, the toxicity of Cd to the chicken liver and the antagonistic effects of Se-met on Cd were examined at the molecular level in the present study. The results showed that oxidative stress indicators (apoptosis-related genes, P13K/AKT pathway-related genes, and heat shock proteins (HSPs)-related genes) in the Cd group have changed significantly, indicating Cd induced hepatocyte stress and apoptosis. Interestingly, the changes in oxidative stress indicators (apoptosis-related genes, P13K/AKT pathway-related genes, and HSPs-related genes) in the Cd-Se-met group were mitigated compared with the control group. Our results indicated that Cd can induce hepatocyte apoptosis and stress in the chickens. Se-met has an ameliorative effect on Cd-induced apoptosis of chicken hepatocyte by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway. Our findings will provide a new insight for better understanding of the detoxification function of Se-met to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xiong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Agricultural and Rural Department, 4-1 Wenfu Street, Harbin, 150060, China
| | - Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin, 150030, China.
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19
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Das SC, Al-Naemi HA. Cadmium Toxicity: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Tissue Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/odem.2019.74012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Wu J, Liu DJ, Shou XJ, Zhang JS, Meng FC, Liu YQ, Han SP, Zhang R, Jia JZ, Wang JY, Han JS. Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes. Autism Res 2018; 11:834-845. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Duo-Jian Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shou
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Ji-Shui Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University; Beijing PR China
| | - Fan-Chao Meng
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Ya-Qiong Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Song-Ping Han
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Jin-Zhu Jia
- School of Public Health, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Center of Statistical Science, Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Jing-Yu Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University; Beijing PR China
| | - Ji-Sheng Han
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China; Peking University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing PR China
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21
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Bondy SC, Campbell A. Water Quality and Brain Function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 15:E2. [PMID: 29267198 PMCID: PMC5800103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the United States, regulations are in place to ensure the quality of drinking water. Such precautions are intended to safeguard the health of the population. However, regulatory guidelines may at times fail to achieve their purpose. This may be due to lack of sufficient data regarding the health hazards of chronic low dose exposure to contaminants or the introduction of new substances that pose a health hazard risk that has yet to be identified. In this review, examples of different sources of contaminants in drinking water will be discussed, followed by an evaluation of some select individual toxicants with known adverse neurological impact. The ability of mixtures to potentially cause additive, synergistic, or antagonistic neurotoxic responses will be briefly addressed. The last section of the review will provide examples of select mechanisms by which different classes of contaminants may lead to neurological impairments. The main objective of this review is to bring to light the importance of considering trace amounts of chemicals in the drinking water and potential brain abnormalities. There is continued need for toxicology studies to better understand negative consequences of trace amounts of toxins and although it is beyond the scope of this brief overview it is hoped that the review will underscore the paucity of studies focused on determining how long-term exposure to minute levels of contaminants in drinking water may pose a significant health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617-1830, USA.
| | - Arezoo Campbell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA.
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22
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Saleh HM, El-Sayed YS, Naser SM, Eltahawy AS, Onoda A, Umezawa M. Efficacy of α-lipoic acid against cadmium toxicity on metal ion and oxidative imbalance, and expression of metallothionein and antioxidant genes in rabbit brain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24593-24601. [PMID: 28913608 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To explore the protective efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA) against Cd-prompted neurotoxicity, young male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided randomly into four groups. Group 1 (control) received demineralized water. Group 2 (Cd) administered cadmium chloride (CdCl2) 3 mg/kg bwt. Group 3 (ALA) administered ALA 100 mg/kg bwt. Group 4 (Cd + ALA) administered ALA 1 h after Cd. The treatments were administered orally for 30 consecutive days. Cd-induced marked disturbances in neurochemical parameters were indicated by the reduction in micro- and macro-elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, P, and Ca), with the highest reduction in Cd-exposed rabbits, followed by Cd + ALA group and then ALA group. In the brain tissues, Cd has significantly augmented the lipid hydroperoxides (LPO) and reduced the glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase enzyme activities but had an insignificant effect on the antioxidant redox enzymes. Administration of ALA effectively restored LPO and sustained GSH and TAC contents. Moreover, Cd downregulated the transcriptional levels of Nrf2, MT3, and SOD1 genes, and upregulated that of Keap1 gene. ALA treatment, shortly following Cd exposure, downregulated Keap1, and upregulated Nrf2 and GPx1, while maintained MT3 and SOD1 mRNA gene expression in the rabbits' brain. These data indicated the ALA effectiveness in protecting against Cd-induced oxidative stress and the depletion of cellular antioxidants in the brain of rabbits perhaps due to its antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and chelating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamida M Saleh
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Sherif M Naser
- Department of Veterinary Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Abdelgawad S Eltahawy
- Department of Veterinary Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Atsuto Onoda
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Tracing heavy metals in 'swine manure - maggot - chicken' production chain. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8417. [PMID: 28827547 PMCID: PMC5566944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of large-scale livestock farming, manure pollution has drawn much attention. Conversion by insects is a rapid and cost-effective new method for manure management. Swine manure conversion with maggots (Musca domestica larvae) has developed, and the harvested maggots are often used as animal feed. However, the flow of heavy metals from manure to downstream processes cannot be ignored, and therefore, heavy metal content was measured in untreated raw manure, maggot-treated manure, harvested maggots and maggot-eating chickens (chest muscle and liver) to evaluate potential heavy metal risks. The levels of zinc, copper, chromium, selenium, cadmium and lead had significant differences between untreated raw manure and maggot-treated manure. The concentrations of all detected heavy metals, except for cadmium and selenium, in maggots met the limits established by the feed or feed additive standards of many countries. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of heavy metals decreased with the increase of the maggot instar, indicating that heavy metals were discharged from the bodies of maggots with the growth of maggots. Also, the contents of overall heavy metals in chickens fed harvested maggots met the standards for food. In conclusion, regarding heavy metals, it is eco-safe to use maggots in manure management.
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24
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Bereza-Malcolm L, Aracic S, Kannan R, Mann G, Franks AE. Functional characterization of Gram-negative bacteria from different genera as multiplex cadmium biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:380-387. [PMID: 28319906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Widespread presence of cadmium in soil and water systems is a consequence of industrial and agricultural processes. Subsequent accumulation of cadmium in food and drinking water can result in accidental consumption of dangerous concentrations. As such, cadmium environmental contamination poses a significant threat to human health. Development of microbial biosensors, as a novel alternative method for in situ cadmium detection, may reduce human exposure by complementing traditional analytical methods. In this study, a multiplex cadmium biosensing construct was assembled by cloning a single-output cadmium biosensor element, cadRgfp, and a constitutively expressed mrfp1 onto a broad-host range vector. Incorporation of the duplex fluorescent output [green and red fluorescence proteins] allowed measurement of biosensor functionality and viability. The biosensor construct was tested in several Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas, Shewanella and Enterobacter. The multiplex cadmium biosensors were responsive to cadmium concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10µgml-1, as well as several other heavy metals, including arsenic, mercury and lead at similar concentrations. The biosensors were also responsive within 20-40min following exposure to 3µgml-1 cadmium. This study highlights the importance of testing biosensor constructs, developed using synthetic biology principles, in different bacterial genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bereza-Malcolm
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Sanja Aracic
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Ruban Kannan
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Gülay Mann
- Land Division, Defence Science and Technology Group, Melbourne, Victoria 3207, Australia.
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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25
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Abstract
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease, which likely comprises multiple subtypes. Emerging data have linked chemical exposures to obesity. As organismal response to environmental exposures includes altered gene expression, identifying the regulatory epigenetic changes involved would be key to understanding the path from exposure to phenotype and provide new tools for exposure detection and risk assessment. In this report, we summarize published data linking early-life exposure to the heavy metals, cadmium and lead, to obesity. We also discuss potential mechanisms, as well as the need for complete coverage in epigenetic screening to fully identify alterations. The keys to understanding how metal exposure contributes to obesity are improved assessment of exposure and comprehensive establishment of epigenetic profiles that may serve as markers for exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health & the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - David A Skaar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health & the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - Randy L Jirtle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health & the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.,Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Sport & Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport & Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health & the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
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