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Shu LZ, Zhang XL, Ding YD, Lin H. From inflammation to bone formation: the intricate role of neutrophils in skeletal muscle injury and traumatic heterotopic ossification. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1523-1530. [PMID: 38945957 PMCID: PMC11297321 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are emerging as an important player in skeletal muscle injury and repair. Neutrophils accumulate in injured tissue, thus releasing inflammatory factors, proteases and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to clear muscle debris and pathogens when skeletal muscle is damaged. During the process of muscle repair, neutrophils can promote self-renewal and angiogenesis in satellite cells. When neutrophils are abnormally overactivated, neutrophils cause collagen deposition, functional impairment of satellite cells, and damage to the skeletal muscle vascular endothelium. Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to abnormal bone formation in soft tissue. Skeletal muscle injury is one of the main causes of traumatic HO (tHO). Neutrophils play a pivotal role in activating BMPs and TGF-β signals, thus promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and progenitor cells into osteoblasts or osteoclasts to facilitate HO. Furthermore, NETs are specifically localized at the site of HO, thereby accelerating the formation of HO. Additionally, the overactivation of neutrophils contributes to the disruption of immune homeostasis to trigger HO. An understanding of the diverse roles of neutrophils will not only provide more information on the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle injury for repair and HO but also provides a foundation for the development of more efficacious treatment modalities for HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xian-Lei Zhang
- Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Dan Ding
- Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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2
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Zhang DD, He XY, Yang L, Wu BS, Fu Y, Liu WS, Guo Y, Fei CJ, Kang JJ, Feng JF, Cheng W, Tan L, Yu JT. Exome sequencing identifies novel genetic variants associated with varicose veins. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011339. [PMID: 38980841 PMCID: PMC11233024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicose veins (VV) are one of the common human diseases, but the role of genetics in its development is not fully understood. METHODS We conducted an exome-wide association study of VV using whole-exome sequencing data from the UK Biobank, and focused on common and rare variants using single-variant association analysis and gene-level collapsing analysis. FINDINGS A total of 13,823,269 autosomal genetic variants were obtained after quality control. We identified 36 VV-related independent common variants mapping to 34 genes by single-variant analysis and three rare variant genes (PIEZO1, ECE1, FBLN7) by collapsing analysis, and most associations between genes and VV were replicated in FinnGen. PIEZO1 was the closest gene associated with VV (P = 5.05 × 10-31), and it was found to reach exome-wide significance in both single-variant and collapsing analyses. Two novel rare variant genes (ECE1 and METTL21A) associated with VV were identified, of which METTL21A was associated only with females. The pleiotropic effects of VV-related genes suggested that body size, inflammation, and pulmonary function are strongly associated with the development of VV. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of causal genes for VV and provide new directions for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Yu He
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Shi Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Jie Fei
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju-Jiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Hu J, Zhou Y. The association between lactate dehydrogenase to serum albumin ratio and in-hospital mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1398614. [PMID: 38962086 PMCID: PMC11220285 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1398614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and albumin (ALB) were found to be significantly correlated with mortality in pulmonary embolism (PE) patients. However, data regarding the LDH/ALB ratio (LAR) in patients with acute PE are scanty. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between LAR and the risk of mortality in patients with acute PE. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with acute PE represented in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calibration curve were used to assess the accuracy of the LAR for predicting mortality in patients with acute PE. We utilized Cox regression analysis to determine adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Survival curves were used to evaluate a connection between the LAR and prognosis in patients with acute PE. Results The study comprised 581 patients, and the 30-day all-cause mortality rate was 7.7%. We observed a higher LAR in the non-survival group compared to the surviving group (21.24 ± 21.22 vs. 8.99 ± 7.86, p < 0.0001). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with an elevated LAR had a significantly lower likelihood of surviving the 30-day mortality compared to those with a low LAR. Cox regression analysis showed that LAR (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03-1.05) might have associations with 30-day mortality in patients with acute PE. This result was supported by sensitivity analyses. According to the results of the ROC curve analysis, the LAR's prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with acute PE yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.73. A calibration curve showed LAR is well calibrated. Conclusion Our research suggests LAR monitoring may be promising as a prognostic marker among patients with acute PE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yidan Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Golmohammadi M, Meibodi SAA, Al-Hawary SIS, Gupta J, Sapaev IB, Najm MAA, Alwave M, Nazifi M, Rahmani M, Zamanian MY, Moriasi G. Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma in rodents: A narrative review. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:195-207. [PMID: 38808561 PMCID: PMC11228121 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, an irreversible optic neuropathy, primarily affects retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and causes vision loss and blindness. The damage to RGCs in glaucoma occurs by various mechanisms, including elevated intraocular pressure, oxidative stress, inflammation, and other neurodegenerative processes. As the disease progresses, the loss of RGCs leads to vision loss. Therefore, protecting RGCs from damage and promoting their survival are important goals in managing glaucoma. In this regard, resveratrol (RES), a polyphenolic phytoalexin, exerts antioxidant effects and slows down the evolution and progression of glaucoma. The present review shows that RES plays a protective role in RGCs in cases of ischemic injury and hypoxia as well as in ErbB2 protein expression in the retina. Additionally, RES plays protective roles in RGCs by promoting cell growth, reducing apoptosis, and decreasing oxidative stress in H2O2-exposed RGCs. RES was also found to inhibit oxidative stress damage in RGCs and suppress the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. RES could alleviate retinal function impairment by suppressing the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor and p38/p53 axes while stimulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Therefore, RES might exert potential therapeutic effects for managing glaucoma by protecting RGCs from damage and promoting their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Ibrohim B Sapaev
- Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Marim Alwave
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mozhgan Nazifi
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rahmani
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gervason Moriasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
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5
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Gao Z, Santos RB, Rupert J, Van Drunen R, Yu Y, Eckel‐Mahan K, Kolonin MG. Endothelial-specific telomerase inactivation causes telomere-independent cell senescence and multi-organ dysfunction characteristic of aging. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14138. [PMID: 38475941 PMCID: PMC11296101 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
It has remained unclear how aging of endothelial cells (EC) contributes to pathophysiology of individual organs. Cell senescence results in part from inactivation of telomerase (TERT). Here, we analyzed mice with Tert knockout specifically in EC. Tert loss in EC induced transcriptional changes indicative of senescence and tissue hypoxia in EC and in other cells. We demonstrate that EC-Tert-KO mice have leaky blood vessels. The blood-brain barrier of EC-Tert-KO mice is compromised, and their cognitive function is impaired. EC-Tert-KO mice display reduced muscle endurance and decreased expression of enzymes responsible for oxidative metabolism. Our data indicate that Tert-KO EC have reduced mitochondrial content and function, which results in increased dependence on glycolysis. Consistent with this, EC-Tert-KO mice have metabolism changes indicative of increased glucose utilization. In EC-Tert-KO mice, expedited telomere attrition is observed for EC of adipose tissue (AT), while brain and skeletal muscle EC have normal telomere length but still display features of senescence. Our data indicate that the loss of Tert causes EC senescence in part through a telomere length-independent mechanism undermining mitochondrial function. We conclude that EC-Tert-KO mice is a model of expedited vascular senescence recapitulating the hallmarks aging, which can be useful for developing revitalization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanguo Gao
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Rafael Bravo Santos
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Joseph Rupert
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Rachel Van Drunen
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Yongmei Yu
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Kristin Eckel‐Mahan
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mikhail G. Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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6
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Chi PL, Cheng CC, Wang MT, Liao JB, Kuo SH, Lin KC, Shen MC, Huang WC. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate vascular remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension by targeting HIF-1α and Runx2. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:203-214. [PMID: 38252891 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by extensive pulmonary arterial remodelling. Although mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes provide protective effects in PAH, MSCs exhibit limited senescence during in vitro expansion compared with the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Moreover, the exact mechanism is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we used murine iPSCs generated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts with triple factor (Oct4, Klf4, and Sox2) transduction to determine the efficacy and action mechanism of iPSC-derived exosomes (iPSC-Exo) in attenuating PAH in rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension. Both early and late iPSC-Exo treatment effectively prevented the wall thickening and muscularization of pulmonary arterioles, improved the right ventricular systolic pressure, and alleviated the right ventricular hypertrophy in MCT-induced PAH rats. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) derived from MCT-treated rats (MCT-PASMC) developed more proliferative and pro-migratory phenotypes, which were attenuated by the iPSC-Exo treatment. Moreover, the proliferation and migration of MCT-PASMC were reduced by iPSC-Exo with suppression of PCNA, cyclin D1, MMP-1, and MMP-10, which are mediated via the HIF-1α and P21-activated kinase 1/AKT/Runx2 pathways. CONCLUSION IPSC-Exo are effective at reversing pulmonary hypertension by reducing pulmonary vascular remodelling and may provide an iPSC-free therapy for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Tzu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Bin Liao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hung Kuo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chang Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Ci Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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7
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Chu H, Qin Y, Qiu T, Zhou S, Na Z, Sun Y, Xu Y, Zhong Y. Phenotype and function of smooth muscle cells derived from the human normal great saphenous vein in response to hypoxia. Phlebology 2024; 39:96-107. [PMID: 37921696 DOI: 10.1177/02683555231211990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The contribution of hypoxia to the pathophysiology of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not yet been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the effect of hypoxia on the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human normal great saphenous veins (NGSVs). METHODS Fifteen NGSV tissue samples were collected. SMCs were isolated and cultured. Proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and the structure of cytoskeletal filaments in SMCs were observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, and TIMP-2 was detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting in the cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and the control groups. RESULTS A decrease in the number of cytoskeletal filaments was observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bas and caspase-3 was significantly decreased, while the quantity of proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in SMCs in the CoCl2 group were significantly increased compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Under hypoxic conditions, the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human NGSVs were dysregulated, suggesting that VSMCs switch from the contractile phenotype to the secretory or synthetic phenotype, and more dedifferentiate, resulting in extracellular matrix deposition and apoptotic decrease through the intrinsic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzhen Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shunchang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhang Na
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yongbo Xu
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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8
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Qin Z, Chen J, Zhang J, Lu H, Chen Q. Association between lactate metabolism‑related molecules and venous thromboembolism: A study based on bioinformatics and an in vitro model. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:70. [PMID: 38234631 PMCID: PMC10792409 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is characterized by a high recurrence rate and adverse consequences, including high mortality. Damage to vascular endothelial cells (VECs) serves a key role in VTE and lactate (LA) metabolism is associated with VEC damage. However, the pathogenesis of VTE and the role of lactate metabolism-related molecules (LMRMs) remain unclear. Based on the GSE48000 dataset, the present study identified differentially expressed (DE-)LMRMs between healthy individuals and those with VTE. Thereafter, LMRMs were used to establish four machine learning models, namely, the random forest, support vector machine and generalized linear model (GLM) and eXtreme gradient boosting. To verify disease prediction efficiency of the models, nomograms, calibration curves, decision curve analyses and external datasets were used. The optimal machine learning model was used to predict genes involved in disease and an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was used to detect the survival rate, LA levels and LMRM expression levels of VECs. A total of four DE-LMRMs, solute carrier family 16 member 1 (SLC16A1), SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and SLC5A12 were obtained and GLM was identified as the best performing model based on its ability to predict differential expression of the embigin, lactate dehydrogenase B, SLC16A1, SLC5A12 and SLC16A8 genes. Additionally, SLC16A1, SLC16A7 and SLC16A8 served key roles in VTE and the OGD model demonstrated a significant decrease in VEC survival rate as well as a significant increase and decrease in intracellular LA and SLC16A1 expression levels in VECs, respectively. Thus, LMRMs may be involved in VTE pathogenesis and be used to build accurate VTE prediction models. Further, it was hypothesized that the observed increase in intracellular LA levels in VECS was associated with the decrease in SLC16A1 expression. Therefore, SLC16A1 expression may be an essential target for VTE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Quanzhi Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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9
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Utami AM, Halfwerk JBG, de Boer OJ, Mackaaij C, Pabittei DR, van der Horst CMAM, Meijer-Jorna LB, van der Wal AC. Relative expression of hormone receptors by endothelial and smooth muscle cells in proliferative and non-proliferative areas of congenital arteriovenous malformations. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:449. [PMID: 37864259 PMCID: PMC10588228 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Episodic growth due to microvascular proliferations (MVP) has been reported in congenital arteriovenous malformations (AVM), which are normally quiescent lesions composed of mature malformed vessels. Since AVM also may worsen under conditions of hormonal dysregulation, we hypothesized that hormonal influences may stimulate this process of vasoproliferative growth through potential interactions with hormone receptors (HR). METHODS 13 Cases of AVM tissue with histologically documented vasoproliferative growth were analyzed quantitatively for the presence and tissue localization of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PGR), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in relation to resident cells of interest (endothelial cells (EC), smooth muscle cells (SMC) and mast cells (MC)) by applying multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Expression patterns in lesions with MVP and mature vessels were quantified and compared. Available fresh frozen tissues of 3 AVM samples were used to confirm the presence of HR using Reverse-Transcriptase quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS All four HR studied were expressed in all cases within EC and SMC in areas of MVP and mature vessels, but not in normal skin tissue. ER, GHR, and FSHR showed more expression in EC of MVP and in SMC of mature vessels. RT-qPCR confirmed presence of all 4 HR in both areas. CONCLUSION Expression of ER, PGR, GHR, and FSHR in vasoproliferative areas of congenital AVM could explain onset of sudden symptomatic growth, as has observed in a subpopulation of patients. These findings may have implications for eventual anti-hormonal targeted therapy in the lesions involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Utami
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
| | - J B G Halfwerk
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O J de Boer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Mackaaij
- Department of Anatomy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D R Pabittei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - C M A M van der Horst
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L B Meijer-Jorna
- Symbiant Pathology Expert Center, NWZ- Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - A C van der Wal
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Throop A, Neves M, Zakerzadeh R. Analyzing the contribution of vasa vasorum in oxygenation of the aneurysmal wall: A computational study. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4859-4867. [PMID: 37860230 PMCID: PMC10582831 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation and rupture are controversial in the literature. While the intraluminal thrombus (ILT) plays a crucial role in reducing oxygen flux to the tissue and therefore decreasing the aortic wall strength, other physiological parameters such as the vasa vasorum (VV) oxygen flow and its consumption contribute to altered oxygenation responses of the arterial tissue as well. The goal of this research is to analyse the importance of the aforementioned parameters on oxygen delivery to the aneurysmal wall in a patient-specific AAA. Numerical simulations of coupled blood flow and mass transport with varying levels of VV concentration and oxygen reaction rate coefficient are performed. The hypoperfusion of the adventitial VV and high oxygen consumption are observed to have critical effects on reducing aneurysmal tissue oxygen supply and can therefore exacerbate localized oxygen deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Throop
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manoela Neves
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rana Zakerzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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11
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Ghahremani-Nasab M, Del Bakhshayesh AR, Akbari-Gharalari N, Mehdipour A. Biomolecular and cellular effects in skin wound healing: the association between ascorbic acid and hypoxia-induced factor. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:62. [PMID: 37784137 PMCID: PMC10546749 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin serves as a barrier to protect the body from environmental microorganisms and is the largest tissue of the body and any damage must be quickly and effectively repaired. The fundamental purpose of dermal fibroblasts is to produce and secrete extracellular matrix, which is crucial for healing wounds. The production of collagen by dermal fibroblasts requires the cofactor ascorbic acid, a free radical scavenger. In skin wounds, the presence of Ascorbic acid (AA) decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and increases the expression of wound-healing factors. In addition, AA plays an important role in all three phases of wound healing, including inflammation, proliferation, and regeneration. On the other hand, growing evidence indicates that hypoxia improves the wound healing performance of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium compared to the normoxic-conditioned medium. In a hypoxic-conditioned medium, the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes (important cells in accelerating skin wound healing) increase. In this review, the role of AA, hypoxia, and their interactions on wound healing will be discussed and summarized by the in vitro and in vivo studies conducted to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Locatelli F, Del Vecchio L, Elliott S. The anaemia treatment journey of CKD patients: from epoetins to hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors. Clin Kidney J 2023; 16:1563-1579. [PMID: 37779852 PMCID: PMC10539216 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery and development of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents was a journey lasting more than a century, leading to the cloning and approval of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo). This was an impressive clinical advance, providing the possibility of correcting the symptoms associated with anaemia in chronic kidney disease. Associated iron use was needed to produce new haemoglobin-containing blood red cells. Partial anaemia correction became the standard of care since trials aiming for near-normal haemoglobin levels showed a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Hoping to reduce the cardiovascular risks, a new category of drugs was developed and tested. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are small molecules than can be formulated into orally active pills. They simulate reduced tissue oxygen pressure, thus stimulating the production of endogenous erythropoietin (Epo) by the kidneys and liver. Clinical trials with these compounds demonstrated that HIF-PHIs are at least as effective as rHuEpo in treating or correcting anaemia in non-dialysis and dialysis patients. Trials with HIF-PHIs did not demonstrate superiority in safety outcomes and in some trials, outcomes were worse. There was also a focus on oral delivery, a possible beneficial iron-sparing effect and the ability to overcome Epo resistance in inflamed patients. A negative effect is possible iron depletion, which may explain adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Locatelli
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Lucia Del Vecchio
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Sant’ Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
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13
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Feldo M, Wójciak M, Dresler S, Sowa P, Płachno BJ, Samborski D, Sowa I. Effect of Diosmin on Selected Parameters of Oxygen Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12917. [PMID: 37629098 PMCID: PMC10454919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a condition characterized by functional disturbances in the microcirculation of the superficial and deep veins, affecting up to 30% of the global population. Diosmin, a phlebotropic drug, is commonly used in the treatment of CVD, and its beneficial effects have been described in numerous clinical studies. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the activity of diosmin is not yet fully understood. Therefore, the objective of our study was to investigate whether diosmin has an impact on oxygen management, as cardiovascular diseases are often associated with hypoxia. In our study, patients were administered a daily dosage of 2 × 600 mg of diosmin for 3 months, and we evaluated several factors associated with oxygen management, angiogenesis, and inflammation using biochemical assays. Our findings indicate that diosmin reduced the levels of fibroblast growth factors (FGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C), while increasing endostatin and angiostatin levels, suggesting a potential influence on angiogenesis regulation. Furthermore, diosmin exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), while promoting the production of interleukin 12 (IL-12). Additionally, diosmin significantly decreased the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), anion gap (AG), and lactate, indicating its potential influence on the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway. These findings suggest that diosmin may play a crucial role in modulating oxygen management and inflammation in the context of chronic venous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Feldo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (S.D.)
| | - Sławomir Dresler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (S.D.)
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Bartosz J. Płachno
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 9 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Samborski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (S.D.)
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14
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Sant’Ana PG, de Tomasi LC, Murata GM, Vileigas DF, Mota GAF, de Souza SLB, Silva VL, de Campos LP, Okoshi K, Padovani CR, Cicogna AC. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha and Glucose Metabolism during Cardiac Remodeling Progression from Hypertrophy to Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076201. [PMID: 37047174 PMCID: PMC10094437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In pathological cardiac hypertrophy, the heart is more dependent on glucose than fatty acids. This shift in energy metabolism occurs due to several factors, including the oxygen deficit, which activates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a critical molecule related to glucose metabolism. However, there are gaps regarding the behavior of key proteins in the glycolytic pathway and HIF-1α during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure (HF). This study assesses the hypothesis that there is an early change and enhancement of HIF-1α and the glycolytic pathway, as well as an association between them during cardiac remodeling. Sham and aortic stenosis Wistar rats were analyzed at 2, 6, and 18 weeks and in HF (n = 10–18). Cardiac structure and function were investigated by echocardiogram. Myocardial glycolysis, the aerobic and anaerobic pathways and glycogen were analyzed by enzymatic assay, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The following were observed: increased left ventricular hypertrophy; early diastolic function change and severe systolic and diastolic dysfunction in HF; increased HIF-1α in the 2nd week and in HF; precocious alteration and intensification of glycolysis with a shift to anaerobic metabolism from the 6th week onwards; association between HIF-1α, glycolysis, and the anaerobic pathway. Our hypothesis was confirmed as there was an early change and intensification in glucose metabolism, alteration in HIF-1α, and an association between data during the progression from hypertrophy to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Grippa Sant’Ana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Loreta Casquel de Tomasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Gilson Masahiro Murata
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-29), Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Danielle Fernandes Vileigas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Augusto Ferreira Mota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Borges de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Vitor Loureiro Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Livia Paschoalino de Campos
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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15
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The mechanism and therapy of aortic aneurysms. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:55. [PMID: 36737432 PMCID: PMC9898314 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a chronic aortic disease affected by many factors. Although it is generally asymptomatic, it poses a significant threat to human life due to a high risk of rupture. Because of its strong concealment, it is difficult to diagnose the disease in the early stage. At present, there are no effective drugs for the treatment of aneurysms. Surgical intervention and endovascular treatment are the only therapies. Although current studies have discovered that inflammatory responses as well as the production and activation of various proteases promote aortic aneurysm, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Researchers are further exploring the pathogenesis of aneurysms to find new targets for diagnosis and treatment. To better understand aortic aneurysm, this review elaborates on the discovery history of aortic aneurysm, main classification and clinical manifestations, related molecular mechanisms, clinical cohort studies and animal models, with the ultimate goal of providing insights into the treatment of this devastating disease. The underlying problem with aneurysm disease is weakening of the aortic wall, leading to progressive dilation. If not treated in time, the aortic aneurysm eventually ruptures. An aortic aneurysm is a local enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the aortic wall. The disease is usually asymptomatic but leads to high mortality due to the risk of artery rupture.
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16
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Wang N, Hua J, Fu Y, An J, Chen X, Wang C, Zheng Y, Wang F, Ji Y, Li Q. Updated perspective of EPAS1 and the role in pulmonary hypertension. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1125723. [PMID: 36923253 PMCID: PMC10008962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1125723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a group of syndromes characterized by irreversible vascular remodeling and persistent elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure, leading to ultimately right heart failure and even death. Current therapeutic strategies mainly focus on symptoms alleviation by stimulating pulmonary vessel dilation. Unfortunately, the mechanism and interventional management of vascular remodeling are still yet unrevealed. Hypoxia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PH and numerous studies have shown the relationship between PH and hypoxia-inducible factors family. EPAS1, known as hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α), functions as a transcription factor participating in various cellular pathways. However, the detailed mechanism of EPAS1 has not been fully and systematically described. This article exhibited a comprehensive summary of EPAS1 including the molecular structure, biological function and regulatory network in PH and other relevant cardiovascular diseases, and furthermore, provided theoretical reference for the potential novel target for future PH intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhua Fu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital of Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun An
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuancui Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanghong Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqun Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated by Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Mu G, Xie Q, Zhou S, Wang Z, Cao Y, Tan Y, Wei X, Yuan D, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Circulating miR-320a-3p and miR-483-5p level associated with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiles of rivaroxaban. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:72. [PMID: 36578040 PMCID: PMC9795792 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers for personalizing anticoagulation remain undetermined. We aimed to investigate the association of plasma miRNAs with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profiles of rivaroxaban. METHODS This is a multicenter, exploratory study of miRNAs in a Chinese population. Healthy volunteers and patients receiving rivaroxaban were enrolled in the study. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0-t h (AUC0-t) and anti-Xa activity at 3 h (AXA3h) were measured in healthy volunteers, and AXA3h was measured in patients. MiRNAs were detected by miRNA microarray in 26 healthy volunteers with 20 mg rivaroxaban, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to exclude undetectable ones. MiR-320a-3p and miR-483-5p were then quantified in 65 healthy volunteers and 71 patients. MiRNA levels at 3 h were compared between high and low AXA3h or AUC0-t subjects and in matched patients with or without bleeding during follow-up. The miRNA targets were predicted by TargetScan, miRTarBase, and miRDB. Validated genes were included in GO enrichment and KEGG analyses. The protein-protein interaction network was established by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape. RESULTS A total of 136 Chinese subjects completed the study. In healthy volunteers taking 15 mg rivaroxaban, the miR-320a level at 3 h was significantly positively correlated with AXA3h and AUC0-t (r = 0.359, p = 0.025; r = 0.370, p = 0.02, respectively). A positive correlation was also observed between miR-483 and AXA3h or AUC0-t (r = 0.372, p = 0.02; r = 0.523, p = 0.001, respectively). MiR-320a and miR-483 levels at 3 h in the higher AUC0-t group were significantly higher than those at 0 h. MiR-483 levels at 3 h may distinguish healthy volunteers with high or low AXA3h or AUC0-t. In the 10 mg fed subgroup, higher 3 h mir-483 levels were also observed compared with the control group. No significant differences were found in the comparisons among patients. Bioinformatic analysis showed that these miRNAs may play a regulatory role by targeting ABCG2, ITGB3, PTEN, MAPK1/3, etc. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-320a and miR-483 levels were found to be associated with PK and PD profiles of rivaroxaban in healthy Chinese subjects. Further studies are required to verify these findings and explore the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxu Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Guangyan Mu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Qiufen Xie
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Yu Cao
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Office of Drug Clinical Trial Management, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wei
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Clinical Trial Research Center, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- grid.417239.aDepartment of Pharmacy, The 7Th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Qian Xiang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Yimin Cui
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Seguchi M, Aytekin A, Lenz T, Nicol P, Klosterman GR, Beele A, Sabic E, Utsch L, Alyaqoob A, Gorpas D, Ntziachristos V, Jaffer FA, Rauschendorfer P, Joner M. Intravascular molecular imaging: translating pathophysiology of atherosclerosis into human disease conditions. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 24:e1-e16. [PMID: 36002376 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression of atherosclerotic plaque in coronary arteries is characterized by complex cellular and non-cellular molecular interactions. Within recent years, atherosclerosis has been recognized as inflammation-driven disease condition, where progressive stages are characterized by morphological changes in plaque composition but also relevant molecular processes resulting in increased plaque vulnerability. While existing intravascular imaging modalities are able to resolve key morphological features during plaque progression, they lack capability to characterize the molecular profile of advanced atherosclerotic plaque. Because hybrid imaging modalities may provide incremental information related to plaque biology, they are expected to provide synergistic effects in detecting high risk patients and lesions. The aim of this article is to review existing literature on intravascular molecular imaging approaches, and to provide clinically oriented proposals of their application. In addition, we assembled an overview of future developments in this field geared towards detection of patients at risk for cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Seguchi
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Alp Aytekin
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Tobias Lenz
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Philipp Nicol
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Grace R Klosterman
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Alicia Beele
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Emina Sabic
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Léa Utsch
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Aseel Alyaqoob
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Dimitris Gorpas
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philipp Rauschendorfer
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich 80636, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
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19
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Hommer N, Kallab M, Schlatter A, Howorka K, Werkmeister RM, Schmidl D, Schmetterer L, Garhöfer G. Retinal Oxygen Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Different Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes 2022; 71:2677-2684. [PMID: 36107468 PMCID: PMC9862478 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess retinal oxygen metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes and different stages of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) (n = 67) compared with healthy control subjects (n = 20). Thirty-four patients had no DR, 15 had mild DR, and 18 had moderate to severe DR. Retinal oxygen saturation in arteries and veins was measured using the oxygen module of a retinal vessel analyzer. Total retinal blood flow (TRBF) was measured using a custom-built Doppler optical coherence tomography system. Retinal oxygen extraction was calculated from retinal oxygen saturation and TRBF. Arteriovenous difference in oxygen saturation was highest in healthy subjects (34.9 ± 7.5%), followed by patients with no DR (32.5 ± 6.3%) and moderate to severe DR (30.3 ± 6.5%). The lowest values were found in patients with mild DR (27.3 ± 8.0%, P = 0.010 vs. healthy subjects). TRBF tended to be higher in patients with no DR (40.1 ± 9.2 μL/min) and mild DR (41.8 ± 15.0 μL/min) than in healthy subjects (37.2 ± 5.7 μL/min) and patients with moderate to severe DR (34.6 ± 10.4 μL/min). Retinal oxygen extraction was the highest in healthy subjects (2.24 ± 0.57 μL O2/min), followed by patients with no DR (2.14 ± 0.6 μL O2/min), mild DR (1.90 ± 0.77 μL O2/min), and moderate to severe DR (1.78 ± 0.57 μL O2/min, P = 0.040 vs. healthy subjects). These results indicate that retinal oxygen metabolism is altered in patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, retinal oxygen extraction decreases with increasing severity of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Hommer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Kallab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schlatter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kinga Howorka
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - René M. Werkmeister
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doreen Schmidl
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute-Nanyang Technical University Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Garhöfer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease patients. J Nephrol 2022; 35:2205-2213. [PMID: 36208406 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-022-01432-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 15% of the adult population in high-income countries and is associated with significant comorbidities, including increased vascular calcifications which is associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular events. Even though the underlying pathophysiology is unclear, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling appears to play a central role in inflammation, angiogenesis, fibrosis, cellular proliferation, apoptosis and vascular calcifications which is influenced by multiple variables such as iron deficiency anemia, serum phosphorus and calcium levels, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and Klotho. Along with the growing understanding of the pathology, potential therapeutic alternatives have emerged including HIF stabilizers and SGLT-2 inhibitors. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of HIF signaling in the pathophysiology of vascular calcification in CKD patients and to identify potential therapeutic approaches.
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21
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Vetiska S, Wälchli T, Radovanovic I, Berhouma M. Molecular and genetic mechanisms in brain arteriovenous malformations: new insights and future perspectives. Neurosurg Rev 2022; 45:3573-3593. [PMID: 36219361 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are rare vascular lesions made of shunts between cerebral arteries and veins without the interposition of a capillary bed. The majority of bAVMs are asymptomatic, but some may be revealed by seizures and potentially life-threatening brain hemorrhage. The management of unruptured bAVMs remains a matter of debate. Significant progress in the understanding of their pathogenesis has been made during the last decade, particularly using genome sequencing and biomolecular analysis. Herein, we comprehensively review the recent molecular and genetic advances in the study of bAVMs that not only allow a better understanding of the genesis and growth of bAVMs, but also open new insights in medical treatment perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Vetiska
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Wälchli
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Group of CNS Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Neuroscience Center Zurich, and Division of Neurosurgery, University and University Hospital Zurich, and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Radovanovic
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Moncef Berhouma
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France. .,CREATIS Lab, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1294, Lyon 1, University, Lyon, France.
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22
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Zhang Y, Kong X, Cheng J, Ren Y. Delayed bleeding from a malformation of a branch of the superior mesenteric artery after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A case report. Asian J Surg 2022; 46:1781-1782. [PMID: 37020378 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Throop A, Bukac M, Zakerzadeh R. Prediction of wall stress and oxygen flow in patient-specific abdominal aortic aneurysms: the role of intraluminal thrombus. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:1761-1779. [PMID: 35908098 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the biomechanical role of intraluminal thrombus (ILT) in an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is investigated. The implications of ILT in AAA are controversial in literature. Previous studies have demonstrated that ILT provides a biomechanical advantage by decreasing wall stress, whereas other studies have associated ILT with inhibiting oxygen transport and inducing aortic wall weakening. Therefore, we sought to explore the connection between ILT, mechanical stresses, and oxygen flow in different geometries of patient-specific aneurysms with varying ILT morphologies. The objective is to investigate the extent to which ILT influences the prediction of aneurysmal wall stresses that are associated with rupture, as well as oxygen concentrations to measure tissue oxygen deprivation. Three patient-specific AAA geometries are considered, and two models, one with ILT and one without ILT, are created for each patient to assess the effect of ILT presence. A fluid-structure interaction approach is used to couple the blood flow, wall deformation, and oxygen mass transport. Results are presented for hemodynamics patterns, wall stress measures, and oxygen metrics within the arterial wall. While ILT is found to reduce wall stress, simulations confirm that ILT decreases oxygen transport within the tissue significantly, leading to wall hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Throop
- Department of Engineering, Rangos School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, 413 Libermann Hall, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Martina Bukac
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Rana Zakerzadeh
- Department of Engineering, Rangos School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, 413 Libermann Hall, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA.
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24
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Yu B, Wang X, Song Y, Xie G, Jiao S, Shi L, Cao X, Han X, Qu A. The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108186. [PMID: 35413308 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. During the development of cardiovascular diseases, hypoxia plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key transcription factors for adaptive hypoxic responses, which orchestrate the transcription of numerous genes involved in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, glycolytic metabolism, inflammation, and so on. Recent studies have dissected the precise role of cell-specific HIFs in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysms, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and heart failure using tissue-specific HIF-knockout or -overexpressing animal models. More importantly, several compounds developed as HIF inhibitors or activators have been in clinical trials for the treatment of renal cancer or anemia; however, little is known on the therapeutic potential of these inhibitors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances on HIFs in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases and to provide evidence of potential clinical therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqi Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yanting Song
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Guomin Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Shiyu Jiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xuejie Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xinyao Han
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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25
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Barnes LA, Mesarwi OA, Sanchez-Azofra A. The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of Chronic Hypoxia in Animal Models: A Mini-Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:873522. [PMID: 35432002 PMCID: PMC9008331 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.873522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are useful to understand the myriad physiological effects of hypoxia. Such models attempt to recapitulate the hypoxemia of human disease in various ways. In this mini-review, we consider the various animal models which have been deployed to understand the effects of chronic hypoxia on pulmonary and systemic blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Chronic sustained hypoxia (CSH)-a model of chronic lung or heart diseases in which hypoxemia may be longstanding and persistent, or of high altitude, in which effective atmospheric oxygen concentration is low-reliably induces pulmonary hypertension in rodents, and appears to have protective effects on glucose metabolism. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has long been used as a model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in which recurrent airway occlusion results in intermittent reductions in oxyhemoglobin saturations throughout the night. CIH was first shown to increase systemic blood pressure, but has also been associated with other maladaptive physiological changes, including glucose dysregulation, atherosclerosis, progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and endothelial dysfunction. However, models of CIH have generally been implemented so as to mimic severe human OSA, with comparatively less focus on milder hypoxic regimens. Here we discuss CSH and CIH conceptually, the effects of these stimuli, and limitations of the available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Omar A. Mesarwi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ana Sanchez-Azofra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Sánchez FSL, Martínez JAC, Méndez-García L, García-Cenador MB, Pericacho M. Endoglin and Other Angiogenesis Markers in Recurrent Varicose Veins. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040528. [PMID: 35455644 PMCID: PMC9025299 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Surgery on varicose veins (crossectomy and stripping) may lead to recurrence, with clinical and socioeconomic repercussions. The etiopathogenesis of varicose veins has yet to be fully understood. Objective: Study the expression of endoglin and other molecules involved in the neovascularisation process in patients suffering from this disease. Methods: Total of 43 patients that have undergone surgery for varicose veins (24 primary and 19 recurrent). Endoglin and other molecules were identified on the venous wall (proximal -saphenofemoral junction- and distal), via real-time RT-PCR, and in serum, via ELISA: endoglin (Eng), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), its receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 or FLT1), (VEGFR2 or FLK), and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1A). All the patients signed a consent form. Results: The recurrent group recorded a higher expression of Eng, VEGF-A, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 at the level of proximal venous wall compared to the primary group. HIF-1A did not record any differences. As regards the determination of the distal venous wall, no markers recorded differences between the groups. Among the serum determinations, only sFLT1 recorded a significant drop among the patients with recurrent varicose veins. Conclusions: Patients with recurrent varicose veins record a higher expression of endoglin and other markers of angiogenesis in proximal veins. Endoglin in the blood (sEng) serves no apparent purpose in recurrent varicose veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco S. Lozano Sánchez
- Service of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.S.L.S.); (J.A.C.M.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - José A. Carnicero Martínez
- Service of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.S.L.S.); (J.A.C.M.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Lucía Méndez-García
- Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.-G.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M. Begoña García-Cenador
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.-G.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Miguel Pericacho
- Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.-G.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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27
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Herlinger K, Lingford-Hughes A. Opioid use disorder and the brain: a clinical perspective. Addiction 2022; 117:495-505. [PMID: 34228373 DOI: 10.1111/add.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) has gained increasing publicity and interest during recent years, with many countries describing problems of epidemic proportions with regard to opioid use and deaths related to opioids. While opioids are not themselves acutely neurotoxic, the chronic relapsing and remitting nature of this disorder means that individuals are often exposed to exogenous opioids for lengthy periods of time (either illicit or prescribed as treatment). We are increasingly characterizing the effect of such long-term opioid exposure on the brain. This narrative review aims to summarize the literature regarding OUD and the brain from a clinical perspective. Alterations of brain structure and function are discussed, as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders in OUD. Finally, we review current and new directions for assessment and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Herlinger
- MRC Addiction Research Clinical Training Programme, Imperial College London, London, UK
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28
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Sano M, Sasaki T, Baba S, Inuzuka K, Katahashi K, Kayama T, Yamanaka Y, Tsuyuki H, Endo Y, Sato K, Takeuchi H, Unno N. Differences in Vasa Vasorum Distribution in Human Aortic Aneurysms and Atheromas. Angiology 2022; 73:546-556. [DOI: 10.1177/00033197211063655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological difference between aortic atheromas and aneurysms is unknown. We focused on the vasa vasorum (VV), which play a critical role in maintaining aortic homeostasis and are also involved in vascular diseases. We investigated the differences in VV between the atheromas and aneurysms. Human abdominal aortic samples were obtained from patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm during surgery or autopsy cases. Autopsy cases were divided into 2 groups according to atheromas. The VV were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining for von Willebrand factor. Intimal VV increased in both the atheroma and aneurysm groups, medial VV increased, and adventitial VV decreased only in the aneurysm group. We also observed that the medial VV were connected to the adventitial VV in the atheroma group and to intimal VV in the aneurysm group. We suggest the outside-in VV or inside-out VV theories. Atheroma induces hypoxia of aortic walls, and angiogenic factors might induce an increase of intimal VV derived from adventitial VV (outside-in VV). However, adventitial VV decrease induces hypoxia of aortic walls, and angiogenic factors might induce an increase of intimal VV derived from aortic lumen (inside-out VV). These differences of VV may contribute in elucidating the pathophysiology of aortic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Sano
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Baba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Inuzuka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kazuto Katahashi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kayama
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamanaka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsuyuki
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kohji Sato
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Naoki Unno
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu 432-8580, Japan
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29
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Grossmannova K, Barathova M, Belvoncikova P, Lauko V, Csaderova L, Tomka J, Dulka T, Pastorek J, Madaric J. Hypoxia Marker Carbonic Anhydrase IX Is Present in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Tissue and Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020879. [PMID: 35055064 PMCID: PMC8778372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are a significant cause of premature deaths worldwide. Since there is no specific treatment for reducing AAA progression, it is crucial to understand the pathogenesis leading to aneurysm wall weakening/remodeling and identify new proteins involved in this process which could subsequently serve as novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we analyzed the presence of the hypoxia-related proteins carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and AKT as the key molecule in the phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway in the AAA wall. Additionally, we used a blood-based assay to examine soluble CA IX (s-CA IX) levels in the plasma of AAA patients. Using western blotting, we detected CA IX protein in 12 out of 15 AAA tissue samples. Immunohistochemistry staining proved CA IX expression in the media of the aneurysmal wall. Evaluation of phosphorylated (p-AKT) and total AKT showed elevated levels of both forms in AAA compared to normal aorta. Using ELISA, we determined the concentration of s-CA IX >20 pg/mL in 13 out of 15 AAA patients. Results obtained from in silico analysis of CA9 and aneurysm-associated genes suggest a role for CA IX in aneurysmal wall remodeling. Our results prove the presence of hypoxia-related CA IX in AAA tissues and indicate a possible role of CA IX in hypoxia-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Grossmannova
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.G.); (P.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Monika Barathova
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.G.); (P.B.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-59302439
| | - Petra Belvoncikova
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.G.); (P.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Viliam Lauko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Pod Krásnou Hôrkou 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.G.); (P.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Jan Tomka
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Pod Krásnou Hôrkou 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.T.); (T.D.)
| | - Tomas Dulka
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Pod Krásnou Hôrkou 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.T.); (T.D.)
| | | | - Juraj Madaric
- Department of Angiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Pod Krásnou Hôrkou 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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30
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Bonaterra GA, Struck N, Zuegel S, Schwarz A, Mey L, Schwarzbach H, Strelau J, Kinscherf R. Characterization of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels with low oxygenated blood and blood pressure (Pulmonary trunk): role of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15). BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:601. [PMID: 34920697 PMCID: PMC8684150 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is linked to inflammation, cancer, and atherosclerosis. GDF-15 is expressed in most tissues but is extremely induced under pathological conditions. Elevated serum levels are suggested as a risk factor and a marker for cardiovascular diseases. However, the cellular sources and the effects of GDF-15 on the cardiovascular system have not been completely elucidated including progression, and morphology of atherosclerotic plaques. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the influence of GDF-15 deficiency on the morphology of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels with low-oxygen blood and low blood pressure as the pulmonary trunk (PT), in hypercholesterolemic ApoE-/- mice. METHODS GDF-15-/- ApoE-/- mice were generated by crossbreeding of ApoE-/-- and GDF-15-/- mice. After feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet (CED) for 20 weeks, samples of the brachiocephalic trunk (BT) and PT were dissected and lumen stenosis (LS) was measured. Furthermore, changes in the cellularity of the PT, amounts of apoptosis-, autophagy-, inflammation- and proliferation-relevant proteins were immunohisto-morphometrically analyzed. Additionally, we examined an atherosclerotic plaque in a human post mortem sample of the pulmonary artery. RESULTS After CED the body weight of GDF-15-/-ApoE-/- was 22.9% higher than ApoE-/-. Double knockout mice showed also an 35.3% increase of plasma triglyceride levels, whereas plasma cholesterol was similar in both genotypes. LS in the BT and PT of GDF-15-/-ApoE-/- mice was significantly reduced by 19.0% and by 6.7% compared to ApoE-/-. Comparing LS in PT and BT of the same genotype revealed a significant 38.8% (ApoE-/-) or 26.4% (GDF-15-/-ApoE-/-) lower LS in the PT. Immunohistomorphometry of atherosclerotic lesions in PT of GDF-15-/-ApoE-/- revealed significantly increased levels (39.8% and 7.3%) of CD68 + macrophages (MΦ) and α-actin + smooth muscle cells than in ApoE-/-. The density of TUNEL + , apoptotic cells was significantly (32.9%) higher in plaques of PT of GDF-15-/-ApoE-/- than in ApoE-/-. Analysis of atherosclerotic lesion of a human pulmonary artery showed sm-α-actin, CD68+, TUNEL+, Ki67+, and APG5L/ATG+ cells as observed in PT. COX-2+ and IL-6+ immunoreactivities were predominantly located in endothelial cells and subendothelial space. In BT and PT of GDF15-/-ApoE-/- mice the necrotic area was 10% and 6.5% lower than in ApoE-/-. In BT and PT of GDF15-/-ApoE-/- we found 40% and 57% less unstable plaques than ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Atherosclerotic lesions occur in both, BT and PT, however, the size is smaller in PT, possibly due to the effect of the low-oxygen blood and/or lower blood pressure. GDF-15 is involved in atherosclerotic processes in BT and PT, although different mechanisms (e.g. apoptosis) in these two vessels seem to exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Bonaterra
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
| | - N Struck
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - S Zuegel
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - A Schwarz
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - L Mey
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - H Schwarzbach
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - J Strelau
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Kinscherf
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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Guo J, Shoji T, Ge Y, Zheng X, Li Y, Zhao S, Ikezoe T, Liu S, Huang J, Wang W, Xu B, Dalman RL. Treatment with the Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor JNJ Promotes Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression in Diabetic Mice. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2021; 63:484-494. [PMID: 34872812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolyl hydroxylase domain containing proteins (PHD) rigorously regulate intracellular hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) protein expression and activity. Diabetes impairs PHD activity and attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. The extent to which dysregulated PHD activity contributes to diabetes mediated AAA suppression remains undetermined. METHODS AAAs were induced in diabetic and non-diabetic male C57BL/6J mice via intra-aortic elastase infusion. A PHD inhibitor (JNJ-42041935, aka "JNJ", 150 mmol/kg) or vehicle alone was administered daily starting one day prior to AAA induction for 14 days. Influences on AAA progression was assessed via ultrasonography and histopathology. Expression of aortic HIF-1α, three of its target genes and macrophage derived mediators were assayed via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Aneurysmal sections from AAA patients with and without diabetes (two patients in each group) were immunostained for HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A. RESULTS Expression of HIF-1α target genes (erythropoietin, VEGF-A, and glucose transporter-1) was reduced by 45% - 95% in experimental diabetic aortas. Diameter enlargement was similarly limited, as were mural elastin degradation, leukocyte infiltration, and neo-angiogenesis (reduced capillary density and length) on histopathology. Pre-treatment with JNJ prior to AAA initiation augmented aortic HIF-1α target gene expression and aneurysm progression in diabetic mice, along with macrophage VEGF-A and matrix metalloproteinase 2 mRNA expression. No differences were noted in HIF-1α or VEGF-A expression on aortic immunohistochemical staining of human aortic tissue as a function of diabetes status. CONCLUSION Small molecule PHD inhibitor treatment reduces or offsets impairment of experimental AAA progression in hyperglycemic mice, highlighting the potential contribution of dysregulated PHD activity to diabetes mediated aneurysm suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Centre for Hypertension Care, Shanxi Medical University First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Tahakiro Shoji
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yingbin Ge
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoya Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yankui Li
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Toru Ikezoe
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Central South University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Central South University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Central South University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Ronald L Dalman
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Li K, Yu G, Xu Y, Chu H, Zhong Y, Zhan H. Phenotypic and Functional Transformation in Smooth Muscle Cells Derived from a Superficial Thrombophlebitis-affected Vein Wall. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 79:335-347. [PMID: 34648856 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Superficial thrombophlebitis (ST) is a frequent pathology, but its exact incidence remains to be determined. This study tested the hypothesis whether relationships exist among smooth muscle cells (SMCs) derived from ST, varicose great saphenous veins (VGSVs), and normal great saphenous veins (GSVs). METHODS Forty-one samples of ST, VGSVs, and GSVs were collected. SMCs were isolated and cultured. Proliferation, migration, adhesion, and senescence in SMCs from the three vein walls were compared by various methods. Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and TIMP-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. RESULTS An obvious decrease in cytoskeletal filaments was observed in thrombophlebitic vascular smooth muscle cells (TVSMCs). The quantity of proliferation, migration, adhesion, and senescence in TVSMCs was significantly higher than in varicose vascular smooth muscle cells and normal vascular smooth muscle cells (NVSMCs) (all P < 0.05). Bax and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression were decreased, while Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression were increased in the TVSMCs compared with the varicose vascular smooth muscle cells and the NVSMCs (all P < 0.05). MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in the TVSMCs compared with the VVGSVs and the NVSMCs (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION SMCs derived from ST are more dedifferentiated and demonstrate increased cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and senescence, as well as obviously decreased cytoskeletal filaments. These results suggest that the phenotypic and functional differences could be related to the presence of atrophic and hypertrophic vein segments during the disease course among SMCs derived from ST, VGSVs, and GSVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China.; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Guoting Yu
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China.; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Xu
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Haibo Chu
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China..
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China..
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, García-Montero C, Álvarez-Mon MA, Chaowen C, Ruiz-Grande F, Pekarek L, Monserrat J, Asúnsolo A, García-Honduvilla N, Álvarez-Mon M, Bujan J. Understanding Chronic Venous Disease: A Critical Overview of Its Pathophysiology and Medical Management. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3239. [PMID: 34362022 PMCID: PMC8348673 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a multifactorial condition affecting an important percentage of the global population. It ranges from mild clinical signs, such as telangiectasias or reticular veins, to severe manifestations, such as venous ulcerations. However, varicose veins (VVs) are the most common manifestation of CVD. The explicit mechanisms of the disease are not well-understood. It seems that genetics and a plethora of environmental agents play an important role in the development and progression of CVD. The exposure to these factors leads to altered hemodynamics of the venous system, described as ambulatory venous hypertension, therefore promoting microcirculatory changes, inflammatory responses, hypoxia, venous wall remodeling, and epigenetic variations, even with important systemic implications. Thus, a proper clinical management of patients with CVD is essential to prevent potential harms of the disease, which also entails a significant loss of the quality of life in these individuals. Hence, the aim of the present review is to collect the current knowledge of CVD, including its epidemiology, etiology, and risk factors, but emphasizing the pathophysiology and medical care of these patients, including clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatments. Furthermore, future directions will also be covered in this work in order to provide potential fields to explore in the context of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Chen Chaowen
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Fernando Ruiz-Grande
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Angel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases—Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (C.C.); (L.P.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
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Niazy N, Barth M, Selig JI, Feichtner S, Shakiba B, Candan A, Albert A, Preuß K, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P. Degeneration of Aortic Valves in a Bioreactor System with Pulsatile Flow. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050462. [PMID: 33922670 PMCID: PMC8145810 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease is the most common valvular heart disease in industrialized countries. Pulsatile pressure, sheer and bending stress promote initiation and progression of aortic valve degeneration. The aim of this work is to establish an ex vivo model to study the therein involved processes. Ovine aortic roots bearing aortic valve leaflets were cultivated in an elaborated bioreactor system with pulsatile flow, physiological temperature, and controlled pressure and pH values. Standard and pro-degenerative treatment were studied regarding the impact on morphology, calcification, and gene expression. In particular, differentiation, matrix remodeling, and degeneration were also compared to a static cultivation model. Bioreactor cultivation led to shrinking and thickening of the valve leaflets compared to native leaflets while gross morphology and the presence of valvular interstitial cells were preserved. Degenerative conditions induced considerable leaflet calcification. In comparison to static cultivation, collagen gene expression was stable under bioreactor cultivation, whereas expression of hypoxia-related markers was increased. Osteopontin gene expression was differentially altered compared to protein expression, indicating an enhanced protein turnover. The present ex vivo model is an adequate and effective system to analyze aortic valve degeneration under controlled physiological conditions without the need of additional growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Niazy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Mareike Barth
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Jessica I. Selig
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Sabine Feichtner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Babak Shakiba
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Asya Candan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Alexander Albert
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstraße 40, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Preuß
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Bioprocessing, Modulation and Simulation, University of Applied Sciences Mannheim, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Artur Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (N.N.); (M.B.); (J.I.S.); (S.F.); (B.S.); (A.C.); (A.A.); (P.A.)
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Xia W, Hu S, Wang M, Xu F, Han L, Peng D. Exploration of the potential mechanism of the Tao Hong Si Wu Decoction for the treatment of postpartum blood stasis based on network pharmacology and in vivo experimental verification. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113641. [PMID: 33271240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tao Hong Si Wu Decoction (THSWD) is a traditional prescription for blood management in traditional Chinese medicine, THSWD consists of Paeoniae Radix Alba (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC.), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Conioselinum anthriscoides 'Chuanxiong'), Persicae Seman (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) and Carthami Flos (Carthamus tinctorius L.) at a weight ratio of 3: 4: 3: 2: 3: 2. THSWD is a commonly used prescription in the treatment of postpartum blood stasis disease. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential mechanism of THSWD for the treatment of postpartum blood stasis using network pharmacology and experimental research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the active ingredients and targets in THSWD from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and constructed a herbs-ingredients-targets-disease-network, devised a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, performed GO enrichment analysis, and performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to discover potential treatment mechanisms. A postpartum blood stasis model was established in rats, and the results of network pharmacology were verified by in vivo experiments. RESULTS The results showed that 69 potential active ingredients and 207 THSWD target genes for the treatment of postpartum blood stasis disease were obtained after ADME filtering analysis. The targets were enriched in multiple gene functions and different signaling pathways. By exploring various different signaling pathways, it was found that mitochondrial regulation of oxidative stress plays a potentially important role in the treatment of postpartum blood stasis with THSWD. Compared to model group, THSWD alleviated mitochondrial damage, decreased levels of oxidative stress in the rat model of postpartum blood stasis and reduced apoptosis in uterine cells. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effect of THSWD on postpartum blood stasis is likely related to mitochondrial regulation of oxidative stress, which paves the way for further research investigating its mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Shoushan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Xin'an Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Lan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Xin'an Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Xin'an Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
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Zalewski DP, Ruszel KP, Stępniewski A, Gałkowski D, Bogucki J, Kołodziej P, Szymańska J, Płachno BJ, Zubilewicz T, Feldo M, Kocki J, Bogucka-Kocka A. Identification of Transcriptomic Differences between Lower Extremities Arterial Disease, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Chronic Venous Disease in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Specimens. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3200. [PMID: 33801150 PMCID: PMC8004090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human tissues are investigated in studies of molecular biomarkers associated with diseases development. Special attention is focused on the blood and its components due to combining abundant information about systemic responses to pathological processes as well as high accessibility. In the current study, transcriptome profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used to compare differentially expressed genes between patients with lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and chronic venous disease (CVD). Gene expression patterns were generated using the Ion S5XL next-generation sequencing platform and were analyzed using DESeq2 and UVE-PLS methods implemented in R programming software. In direct pairwise analysis, 21, 58 and 10 differentially expressed genes were selected from the comparison of LEAD vs. AAA, LEAD vs. CVD and AAA vs. CVD patient groups, respectively. Relationships between expression of dysregulated genes and age, body mass index, creatinine levels, hypertension and medication were identified using Spearman rank correlation test and two-sided Mann-Whitney U test. The functional analysis, performed using DAVID website tool, provides potential implications of selected genes in pathological processes underlying diseases studied. Presented research provides new insight into differences of pathogenesis in LEAD, AAA and CVD, and selected genes could be considered as potential candidates for biomarkers useful in diagnosis and differentiation of studied diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Zalewski
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Karol P. Ruszel
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.P.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Andrzej Stępniewski
- Ecotech Complex Analytical and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally Friendly Technologies, University of Marie Curie-Skłodowska, 39 Głęboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Gałkowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA;
| | - Jacek Bogucki
- Chair and Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Kołodziej
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Parasitology, Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Szymańska
- Department of Integrated Paediatric Dentistry, Chair of Integrated Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 6 Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Bartosz J. Płachno
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 9 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Zubilewicz
- Chair and Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (T.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Marcin Feldo
- Chair and Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (T.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.P.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Chen Y, Zeng Y, Zhu X, Miao L, Liang X, Duan J, Li H, Tian X, Pang L, Wei Y, Yang J. Significant difference between sirolimus and paclitaxel nanoparticles in anti-proliferation effect in normoxia and hypoxia: The basis of better selection of atherosclerosis treatment. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:880-889. [PMID: 33024904 PMCID: PMC7530254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with paclitaxel, sirolimus has been more used in the treatment of vascular restenosis gradually as an anti-proliferative drug, but few basic studies have elucidated its mechanism. The anti-proliferative effects of sirolimus or paclitaxel have been demonstrated by numerous studies under normoxia, but few studies have been achieved focusing hypoxia. In this study, porcine carotid artery injury model and classical cobalt chloride hypoxia cell model were established. Sirolimus nanoparticles (SRM-NPs), paclitaxel nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) and blank nanoparticles (Blank-NPs) were prepared respectively. The effect of RPM-NPs on the degree of stenosis, proliferative index and the expression of PCNA after 28 days of porcine carotid artery injury model was evaluated. Compared with saline group and SRM groups, SRM-NPs group suppressed vascular stenosis, proliferative index and the expression of PCNA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) were pre-treated with cobaltous chloride, followed by SRM-NPs, PTX-NPs, Blank-NPs or PBS control treating, the effects on cell proliferation, HIF-1 expression and glycolysis were detected. SRM-NPs could inhibit EC and SMC proliferation under hypoxia, while PTX-NPs couldn't (P < 0.001). Significant differences between sirolimus and paclitaxel NPs in anti-proliferation effect under normoxia and hypoxia may due to the different inhibitory effects on HIF-1α expression and glycolysis. In conclusion, these results suggest that sirolimus can inhibit the proliferation of hypoxic cells more effectively than paclitaxel. These observations may provide a basis for understanding clinical vascular stenosis therapeutic differences between rapamycin and paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
- Henan Center for Patent Examination and Cooperation of the Patent Office of the State Intellectual Property Office, Henan, 450002, PR China
| | - Lifu Miao
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Jianwei Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Huiyang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Liyun Pang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
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Marín-Ramos NI, Thein TZ, Ghaghada KB, Chen TC, Giannotta SL, Hofman FM. miR-18a Inhibits BMP4 and HIF-1α Normalizing Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Circ Res 2020; 127:e210-e231. [PMID: 32755283 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal tangles of vessels where arteries and veins directly connect without intervening capillary nets, increasing the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and stroke. Current treatments are highly invasive and often not feasible. Thus, effective noninvasive treatments are needed. We previously showed that AVM-brain endothelial cells (BECs) secreted higher VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and lower TSP-1 (thrombospondin-1) levels than control BEC; and that microRNA-18a (miR-18a) normalized AVM-BEC function and phenotype, although its mechanism remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanism of action and potential clinical application of miR-18a as an effective noninvasive treatment to selectively restore the phenotype and functionality of AVM vasculature. METHODS AND RESULTS The molecular pathways affected by miR-18a in patient-derived BECs and AVM-BECs were determined by Western blot, RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), ELISA, co-IP, immunostaining, knockdown and overexpression studies, flow cytometry, and luciferase reporter assays. miR-18a was shown to increase TSP-1 and decrease VEGF by reducing PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1/SERPINE1) levels. Furthermore, miR-18a decreased the expression of BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein 4) and HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α), blocking the BMP4/ALK (activin-like kinase) 2/ALK1/ALK5 and Notch signaling pathways. As determined by Boyden chamber assays, miR-18a also reduced the abnormal AVM-BEC invasiveness, which correlated with a decrease in MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), MMP9, and ADAM10 (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10) levels. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that miR-18a reaches the brain following intravenous and intranasal administration. Intranasal co-delivery of miR-18a and NEO100, a good manufacturing practices-quality form of perillyl alcohol, improved the pharmacokinetic profile of miR-18a in the brain without affecting its pharmacological properties. Ultra-high-resolution computed tomography angiography and immunostaining studies in an Mgp-/- AVM mouse model showed that miR-18a decreased abnormal cerebral vasculature and restored the functionality of the bone marrow, lungs, spleen, and liver. CONCLUSIONS miR-18a may have significant clinical value in preventing, reducing, and potentially reversing AVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagore I Marín-Ramos
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Thu Zan Thein
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Ketan B Ghaghada
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (K.B.G.)
| | - Thomas C Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.,Departments of Pathology (T.C.C., F.M.H.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Steven L Giannotta
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Florence M Hofman
- Departments of Pathology (T.C.C., F.M.H.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Porembskaya O, Toropova Y, Tomson V, Lobastov K, Laberko L, Kravchuk V, Saiganov S, Brill A. Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis: A Diagnosis That Strives for Its Independence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145086. [PMID: 32708482 PMCID: PMC7404175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to a widespread theory, thrombotic masses are not formed in the pulmonary artery (PA) but result from migration of blood clots from the venous system. This concept has prevailed in clinical practice for more than a century. However, a new technologic era has brought forth more diagnostic possibilities, and it has been shown that thrombotic masses in the PA could, in many cases, be found without any obvious source of emboli. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sickle cell anemia, emergency and elective surgery, viral pneumonia, and other conditions could be complicated by PA thrombosis development without concomitant deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Different pathologies have different causes for local PA thrombotic process. As evidenced by experimental results and clinical observations, endothelial and platelet activation are the crucial mechanisms of this process. Endothelial dysfunction can impair antithrombotic function of the arterial wall through downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or via stimulation of adhesion receptor expression. Hypoxia, proinflammatory cytokines, or genetic mutations may underlie the procoagulant phenotype of the PA endothelium. Both endotheliocytes and platelets could be activated by protease mediated receptor (PAR)- and receptors for advanced glycation end (RAGE)-dependent mechanisms. Hypoxia, in particular induced by high altitudes, could play a role in thrombotic complications as a trigger of platelet activity. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of PA thrombosis in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Porembskaya
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +7-92-1310-6629 (O.P.); Tel.: +44-12-1415-8679 (A.B.)
| | - Yana Toropova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia;
| | | | - Kirill Lobastov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; (K.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Leonid Laberko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; (K.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Viacheslav Kravchuk
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sergey Saiganov
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexander Brill
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +7-92-1310-6629 (O.P.); Tel.: +44-12-1415-8679 (A.B.)
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40
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Murthy NK, Potts MB, Jahromi B. A Case of Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome and Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms. Cureus 2020; 12:e6884. [PMID: 32190447 PMCID: PMC7058392 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition that is associated with fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, renal cysts, and renal cancer. There have been few reports in the literature of intracranial vascular pathology in patients with BHD syndrome, and intracranial vascular pathology is currently not a part of the diagnostic criteria. Given the rarity of this disease, there has not been enough evidence for a definitive link between BHD syndrome and intracranial vascular abnormalities. We present a case of a patient with BHD syndrome and multiple cerebral aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil K Murthy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Matthew B Potts
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Babak Jahromi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
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41
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Alique M, Sánchez-López E, Bodega G, Giannarelli C, Carracedo J, Ramírez R. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α: The Master Regulator of Endothelial Cell Senescence in Vascular Aging. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010195. [PMID: 31941032 PMCID: PMC7016968 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the hottest topics in biomedical research. Advances in research and medicine have helped to preserve human health, leading to an extension of life expectancy. However, the extension of life is an irreversible process that is accompanied by the development of aging-related conditions such as weakness, slower metabolism, and stiffness of vessels. It also debated that aging can be considered an actual disease with aging-derived comorbidities, including cancer or cardiovascular disease. Currently, cardiovascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, are considered as premature aging and represent the first causes of death in developed countries, accounting for 31% of annual deaths globally. Emerging evidence has identified hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as a critical transcription factor with an essential role in aging-related pathology, in particular, regulating cellular senescence associated with cardiovascular aging. In this review, we will focus on the regulation of senescence mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in age-related pathologies, with particular emphasis on the crosstalk between endothelial and vascular cells in age-associated atherosclerotic lesions. More specifically, we will focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which cells within the vascular wall, including endothelial and vascular cells, achieve a senescent phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Alique
- Departamento Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (J.C.); Tel.: +34-91-885-6436 (M.A.); +34-91-394-5005 (J.C.)
| | - Elsa Sánchez-López
- Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Guillermo Bodega
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Biología, Química y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Chiara Giannarelli
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (J.C.); Tel.: +34-91-885-6436 (M.A.); +34-91-394-5005 (J.C.)
| | - Rafael Ramírez
- Departamento Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
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Yang L, Liang H, Meng X, Shen L, Guan Z, Hei B, Yu H, Qi S, Wen X. mmu_circ_0000790 Is Involved in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Mice with HPH via MicroRNA-374c-Mediated FOXC1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:292-307. [PMID: 32199127 PMCID: PMC7082500 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the identification of several circular RNAs (circRNAs) as vital regulators of microRNAs (miRNAs) underlines the increasing complexity of non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated regulatory networks. This study aimed to explore the effects of mmu_circ_0000790 on the biological behaviors of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). The HPH mouse model and hypoxia-induced PASMC model were initially established, and the expression of mmu_circ_0000790 in the pulmonary vascular tissues and hypoxic PASMCs was determined using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A series of in vitro experiments such as dual-luciferase, RNA pull-down, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were conducted to evaluate the interactions among mmu_circ_0000790, microRNA-374c (miR-374c), and forkhead transcription factor 1 (FOXC1). The potential physiological functions of mmu_circ_0000790, miR-374c, and FOXC1 in hypoxic PASMCs were investigated through gain- and loss-of function approaches. Upregulated mmu_circ_0000790 was found in both the HPH-pulmonary vascular tissues and hypoxic PASMCs. Additionally, mmu_circ_0000790 could competitively bind to miR-374c and consequently upregulate the target gene of miR-374c, FOXC1. It was also observed that mmu_circ_0000790 induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of hypoxic PASMCs, which further promoted the pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice with HPH. Therefore, we speculate that mmu_circ_0000790 may serve as a prospective target for the treatment of patients with HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China.
| | - Huan Liang
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Xianguo Meng
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Li Shen
- Glorious Community, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Zhanjiang Guan
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Bingchang Hei
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Xianchun Wen
- Institute of Medical Science, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China.
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Sadaghianloo N, Contenti J, Dardik A, Mazure NM. Role of Hypoxia and Metabolism in the Development of Neointimal Hyperplasia in Arteriovenous Fistulas. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215387. [PMID: 31671790 PMCID: PMC6862436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis, their vascular access is both their lifeline and their Achilles heel. Despite being recommended as primary vascular access, the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) shows sub-optimal results, with about 50% of patients needing a revision during the year following creation. After the AVF is created, the venous wall must adapt to new environment. While hemodynamic changes are responsible for the adaptation of the extracellular matrix and activation of the endothelium, surgical dissection and mobilization of the vein disrupt the vasa vasorum, causing wall ischemia and oxidative stress. As a consequence, migration and proliferation of vascular cells participate in venous wall thickening by a mechanism of neointimal hyperplasia (NH). When aggressive, NH causes stenosis and AVF dysfunction. In this review we show how hypoxia, metabolism, and flow parameters are intricate mechanisms responsible for the development of NH and stenosis during AVF maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvana Sadaghianloo
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Julie Contenti
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Nathalie M Mazure
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
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Onida S, Tan MKH, Kafeza M, Bergner RT, Shalhoub J, Holmes E, Davies AH. Metabolic Phenotyping in Venous Disease: The Need for Standardization. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3809-3820. [PMID: 31617359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), chronic venous disease (CVD), and venous leg ulceration (VLU) are clinical manifestations of a poorly functioning venous system. Though common, much is unknown of the pathophysiology and progression of these conditions. Metabolic phenotyping has been employed to explore mechanistic pathways involved in venous disease. A systematic literature review was performed: full text, primary research articles on the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) in human participants and animals were included for qualitative synthesis. Seventeen studies applying metabolic phenotyping to venous disease were identified: six on CVD, two on VLU, and nine on VTE; both animal (n = 6) and human (n = 10) experimental designs were reported, with one study including both. NMR, MS, and MS imaging were employed to characterize serum, plasma, urine, wound fluid, and tissue. Metabolites found to be upregulated in CVD included lipids, branched chain amino acids (BCAA), glutamate, taurine, lactate, and myo-inositol identified in vein tissue. Upregulated metabolites in VLU included lactate, BCAA, lysine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and glutamate identified in wound fluid and ulcer biopsies. VTE cases were associated with reduced carnitine levels, upregulated aromatic amino acids, 3-hydroxybutyrate, BCAA, and lipids in plasma, serum, thrombus, and vein wall; kynurenine and tricarboxylic acid pathway dysfunction were reported. Future research should focus on targeted studies with internal and external validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Onida
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Floor 4 East, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London W6 8RF , U.K
| | - Matthew K H Tan
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Floor 4 East, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London W6 8RF , U.K
| | - Marina Kafeza
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Floor 4 East, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London W6 8RF , U.K
| | - Richmond T Bergner
- Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Prince Consort Road , Kensington, London SW7 2BB , U.K
| | - Joseph Shalhoub
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Floor 4 East, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London W6 8RF , U.K
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Prince Consort Road , Kensington, London SW7 2BB , U.K.,Health Futures Institute , Murdoch University , Discovery Way , Perth , WA 6150 , Australia
| | - Alun H Davies
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Floor 4 East, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London W6 8RF , U.K
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45
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Gupta N, Zhao YY, Evans CE. The stimulation of thrombosis by hypoxia. Thromb Res 2019; 181:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Morand J, Briançon-Marjollet A, Lemarie E, Gonthier B, Arnaud J, Korichneva I, Godin-Ribuot D. Zinc deficiency promotes endothelin secretion and endothelial cell migration through nuclear hypoxia-inducible factor-1 translocation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C270-C276. [PMID: 31116583 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00460.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is involved in the expression and function of various transcription factors, including the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). HIF-1 and its target gene endothelin-1 (ET-1) are activated by intermittent hypoxia (IH), one of the main consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and both play a key role in the cardiovascular consequences of IH. Because OSA and IH are associated with zinc deficiency, we investigated the effect of zinc deficiency caused by chelation on the HIF-1/ET-1 pathway and its functional consequences in endothelial cells. Primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) were incubated with submicromolar doses of the zinc-specific membrane-permeable chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylene diamine (TPEN, 0.5 µM) or ET-1 (0.01 µM) with or without bosentan, a dual ET-1-receptor antagonist. HIF-1α expression was silenced by transfection with specific siRNA. Nuclear HIF-1 content was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot. Migratory capacity of HMVEC was evaluated with a wound-healing scratch assay. Zinc chelation by TPEN exposure induced the translocation of the cytosolic HIF-1α subunit of HIF-1 to the nucleus as well as an HIF-1-mediated ET-1 secretion by HMVEC. Incubation with either TPEN or ET-1 increased endothelial wound-healing capacity. Both HIF-1α silencing or bosentan abolished this effect. Altogether, these results suggest that zinc deficiency upregulates ET-1 signaling through HIF-1 activation and stimulates endothelial cell migration, suggesting an important role of zinc in the vascular consequences of IH and OSA mediated by HIF-1-ET- signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Morand
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Emeline Lemarie
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Brigitte Gonthier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Josiane Arnaud
- CHUGA, Biochimie Hormonale et nutritionnelle, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, Grenoble, France
| | - Irina Korichneva
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France.,Faculty of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Diane Godin-Ribuot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
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Varicose veins of lower extremities: Insights from the first large-scale genetic study. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008110. [PMID: 30998689 PMCID: PMC6490943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicose veins of lower extremities (VVs) are a common multifactorial vascular disease. Genetic factors underlying VVs development remain largely unknown. Here we report the first large-scale study of VVs performed on a freely available genetic data of 408,455 European-ancestry individuals. We identified the 12 reliably associated loci that explain 13% of the SNP-based heritability, and prioritized the most likely causal genes CASZ1, PIEZO1, PPP3R1, EBF1, STIM2, HFE, GATA2, NFATC2, and SOX9. VVs-associated variants within these loci exhibited pleiotropic effects on several phenotypes including blood pressure/hypertension and blood cell traits. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed gene categories related to abnormal vasculogenesis. Genetic correlation analysis confirmed known epidemiological associations between VVs and deep venous thrombosis, weight, rough labor, and standing job, and found a genetic overlap with multiple traits that have not been previously suspected to share common genetic background with VVs. These traits included educational attainment, fluid intelligence and prospective memory scores, walking pace (negative correlation with VVs), smoking, height, number of operations, pain, and gonarthrosis (positive correlation with VVs). Finally, Mendelian randomization analysis provided evidence for causal effects of plasma levels of MICB and CD209 proteins, and anthropometric traits such as waist and hip circumference, height, weight, and both fat and fat-free mass. Our results provide novel insight into both VVs genetics and etiology. The revealed genes and proteins can be considered as good candidates for follow-up functional studies and might be of interest as potential drug targets. Varicose veins of lower extremities (VVs) affect about 30% of adults in developed countries and cause both cosmetic and health problems. A strong body of evidence indicates that heredity plays an important role in the etiology of this condition. However, genetic basis of VVs remains poorly understood. Here, we present the results of the first large-scale genetic study for VVs. We identified genes which are the most likely involved in VVs pathogenesis. We show that VVs are correlated at a genetic level with numerous traits and phenotypes, including those already known from prior epidemiological studies (deep venous thrombosis, body mass index, standing job, etc.) as well as with those that have not been suspected to share common genetic background with VVs (fluid intelligence and prospective memory scores, smoking, walking pace, pain all over the body, and other traits). Finally, using genetic variants as instruments, we demonstrate direct causal effects of the traits related to anthropometry, such as height and weight, and plasma levels of immune-related proteins MICB and CD209. Our study provides novel insight into both VVs genetics and etiology. The revealed genes (CASZ1, PIEZO1, PPP3R1, EBF1, STIM2, HFE, GATA2, NFATC2, and SOX9) and proteins (MICB and CD209) can be considered as good candidates for follow-up functional studies and might be of interest as potential drug targets.
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48
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Cobalt-mediated multi-functional dressings promote bacteria-infected wound healing. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:465-479. [PMID: 30599244 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Wound dressings with multiple functions are required to meet the complexity of the wound healing process. The multifunctionality often leads to an increase in the complexity and difficulty in dressing preparation. To surmount this problem, we used a facile preparation and fabrication process to fabricate a multi-functional dressing by integrating four widely accessible materials: plain gauze, sodium alginate (SA), Ca2+ and Co2+. Firstly, mixed Ca2+/Co2+ ion solutions with different concentration were applied to gauzes. After drying, SA solution was added to ionized gauze and Co2+-Ca2+/Gauze/SA (Ion-GSA) composite dressings were formed easily. In vitro results showed that all Ion-GSA dressings exhibited strong mechanical properties, uniform dispersion and sustained release of Ca2+ and Co2+, and the ability to retain moisture and absorb wound exudate. Besides the above advantages, dressings prepared with 0.25 g/L Co2+ and 4 g/L Ca2+ (Co2+0.25-Ca2+4 GSA composite dressings) exhibited the best overall effect for inducing a hypoxia-like response, and favorable cytocompatibility, hemostatic property and antibacterial activity. In vivo wound healing assays revealed that Co2+0.25-Ca2+4 GSA composite dressings inhibited bacterial growth, increased local Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression, and accelerated full-thickness skin wound healing in mouse bacterial-infected wound model. The quick healing wounds had improved angiogenesis, macrophages regulation, re-epithelialization and dense collagen deposition. Collectively, our results indicated that Co2+0.25-Ca2+4 GSA composite dressings promote wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Wound dressings with integrated functionalities are required to meet complex clinical requirements. However, there is often a trade-off between reducing preparation complexity and increasing the multifunctionality of the dressing's properties. In this study, we prepared multifunctional composite dressings by a facile preparation process using widely accessible materials. The composite dressings possessed the mechanical strength of gauze, had the effective wound exudate absorption, moisture maintenance and hemostatic property capacity of calcium alginate hydrogels, and had the hypoxia-like induction and the antimicrobial effects of Co2+. These functions all together promote bacteria-infected wound healing. Thus, we believed that the composite dressings can be widely applied in skin wound repair duo to their facile preparation method and good therapeutic effect.
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Wang X, Sundquist K, Svensson PJ, Rastkhani H, Palmér K, Memon AA, Sundquist J, Zöller B. Association of recurrent venous thromboembolism and circulating microRNAs. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:28. [PMID: 30760335 PMCID: PMC6374897 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with unprovoked first venous thromboembolism (VTE) are at a high risk of recurrence. Although circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be associated with VTE and are markers of hypercoagulability, this study is the first to examine whether circulating miRNAs are associated with the risk of VTE recurrence. RESULTS A nested case-control study design was used where plasma samples were obtained from 78 patients with unprovoked VTE from the Malmö Thrombophilia Study (MATS). A total of 39 VTE patients with recurrent VTE (cases) were matched with 39 VTE patients without recurrent VTE (controls) defined by age and sex (MATS population). Plasma levels of 179 different miRNAs were evaluated in the 78 samples (after anticoagulant treatment was stopped) using qPCR. A total of 110 miRNAs were detected in all samples. Among those, 12 miRNAs (miR-15b-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-197-3p, miR-652-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-222-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR-532-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-103a-3p, and miR-30c-5p) were found to be associated with recurrent VTE after multiple correction test and conditional logistic regression analysis. A further analysis showed that miR-15b-5p, miR-197-3p, miR-27b-3p, and miR-30c-5p exhibited a trend over time, with a larger difference in miRNA levels between cases and controls for earlier recurrence. Of these 12 miRNAs, 8 miRNAs significantly correlated with circulating transforming growth factor β1/2 (TGFβ1/2). Three of them correlated with platelet count. CONCLUSION We have identified 12 plasma miRNAs that may have the potential to serve as novel, non-invasive predictive biomarkers for VTE recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.,Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Peter J Svensson
- Department of Coagulation Disorders, Lund University, Malmö, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hamideh Rastkhani
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karolina Palmér
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.,Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Bengt Zöller
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Wallenberglaboratoriet, Lund University/Region Skåne, Inga-Marie Nilssons gata 53, plan 6, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
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50
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Liu W, Zhang W, Wang T, Wu J, Zhong X, Gao K, Liu Y, He X, Zhou Y, Wang H, Zeng H. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome promotes the progression of aortic dissection via a ROS- HIF-1α-MMPs associated pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2774-2782. [PMID: 31853217 PMCID: PMC6909961 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been increasingly recognized as an independent risk factor for aortic dissection (AD) and it is strongly associated with the extent of intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation (IH). This study aimed to clarify role of ROS- HIF-1α-MMPs pathway in the pathogenesis of AD and whether the HIF-1α inhibitor attenuates AD formation. Methods and results: 8-week-old male ApoE-/- mice were given β-aminopropionitrile at a concentration of 0.1 % for 3 weeks and infused via osmotic mini pumps with either saline or 2,500 ng/min/kg angiotensin II (Ang II) for 2 weeks. To mimic the OSAS, one group was exposed to IH, which consisted of alternating cycles of 20.9% O2/8% O2 FiO2 (30 episodes per hour) with 20 s at the nadir FiO2 during the 12-h light phase, 2 weeks before Ang II infusion. After Ang II infusion, we assessed remodeling in the aorta by echocardiography, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. IH treatment resulted in significant enlargement of the luminal area, destruction of the media, marked thickening of the adventitia, higher incidence of AD formation and lower survival rate in compared with the Ang II only group. Moreover, IH exposure markedly increased the aortic ROS production and subsequent HIF-1α expression, which in turn promoted the expressions of VEGF, MMP2 and MMP9 and finally leading to the progression of AD. Besides, in vitro study confirmed that IH induced HIF-1α expression plays an important role in the induction of MMPs and that is regulated by the PI3K/AKT/FRAP pathway. Intriguingly, a selective HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2 could significantly ameliorate IH exposure induced aforementioned deleterious effects in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: OSAS induced IH can promote the occurrence and progression of AD via a ROS- HIF-1α-MMPs associated pathway. The selective HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2 could be a novel therapeutic agent for AD patient with OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Zhong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Kun Gao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Yujian Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Xingwei He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Yiwu Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Hongjie Wang, , Tel. +86-27-8369-3794, Fax: +86-27-8366-3186; Hesong Zeng, , Tel. +86-27-8369-2850, Fax: +86-27-8366-3186
| | - Hesong Zeng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Hongjie Wang, , Tel. +86-27-8369-3794, Fax: +86-27-8366-3186; Hesong Zeng, , Tel. +86-27-8369-2850, Fax: +86-27-8366-3186
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