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Chuang TD, Ton N, Rysling S, Khorram O. In Vivo Effects of Bay 11-7082 on Fibroid Growth and Gene Expression: A Preclinical Study. Cells 2024; 13:1091. [PMID: 38994944 PMCID: PMC11240737 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Current medical therapies for fibroids have major limitations due to their hypoestrogenic side effects. Based on our previous work showing the activation of NF-kB in fibroids, we hypothesized that inhibiting NF-kB in vivo would result in the shrinkage of tumors and reduced inflammation. Fibroid xenografts were implanted in SCID mice and treated daily with Bay 11-7082 (Bay) or vehicle for two months. Bay treatment led to a 50% reduction in tumor weight. RNAseq revealed decreased expression of genes related to cell proliferation, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and growth factor expression. Validation through qRT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed these findings. Bay treatment reduced mRNA expression of cell cycle regulators (CCND1, E2F1, and CKS2), inflammatory markers (SPARC, TDO2, MYD88, TLR3, TLR6, IL6, TNFα, TNFRSF11A, and IL1β), ECM remodelers (COL3A1, FN1, LOX, and TGFβ3), growth factors (PRL, PDGFA, and VEGFC), progesterone receptor, and miR-29c and miR-200c. Collagen levels were reduced in Bay-treated xenografts. Western blotting and IHC showed decreased protein abundance in certain ECM components and inflammatory markers, but not cleaved caspase three. Ki67, CCND1, and E2F1 expression decreased with Bay treatment. This preclinical study suggests NF-kB inhibition as an effective fibroid treatment, suppressing genes involved in proliferation, inflammation, and ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Der Chuang
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (T.-D.C.); (N.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Nhu Ton
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (T.-D.C.); (N.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Shawn Rysling
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (T.-D.C.); (N.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Omid Khorram
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (T.-D.C.); (N.T.); (S.R.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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2
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Zheng X, Zhao D, Jin Y, Liu Y, Liu D. Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in gynecological disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115393. [PMID: 37660654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the innate immune system and is a three-part macromolecular complex comprising the NLRP3 protein, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and the cysteine protease pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated, it can produce interleukin (IL)- 1β and IL-18 and eventually lead to inflammatory cell pyroptosis. Related studies have demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome can induce an immune response and is related to the occurrence and development of gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are beneficial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and tissue health and have been found effective in targeting some gynecological diseases. However, excessive inhibitor concentrations have been found to cause adverse effects. Therefore, proper control of NLRP3 inflammasome activity is critical. This paper summarizes the structure and function of the NLRP3 inflammasome and highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting it in gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer The application of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Acupuncture department,Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
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3
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Karmokar PF, Moniri NH. Free-fatty acid receptor-1 (FFA1/GPR40) promotes papillary RCC proliferation and tumor growth via Src/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB but suppresses migration by inhibition of EGFR, ERK1/2, STAT3 and EMT. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:126. [PMID: 37355607 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a highly metastatic genitourinary cancer and is generally irresponsive to common treatments used for the more prevalent clear-cell (ccRCC) subtype. The goal of this study was to examine the novel role of the free fatty-acid receptor-1 (FFA1/GPR40), a cell-surface expressed G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by medium-to-long chained dietary fats, in modulation of pRCC cell migration invasion, proliferation and tumor growth. METHODS We assessed the expression of FFA1 in human pRCC and ccRCC tumor tissues compared to patient-matched non-cancerous controls, as well as in RCC cell lines. Using the selective FFA1 agonist AS2034178 and the selective FFA1 antagonist GW1100, we examined the role of FFA1 in modulating cell migration, invasion, proliferation and tumor growth and assessed the FFA1-associated intracellular signaling mechanisms via immunoblotting. RESULTS We reveal for the first time that FFA1 is upregulated in pRCC tissue compared to patient-matched non-cancerous adjacent tissue and that its expression increases with pRCC cancer pathology, while the inverse is seen in ccRCC tissue. We also show that FFA1 is expressed in the pRCC cell line ACHN, but not in ccRCC cell lines, suggesting a unique role in pRCC pathology. Our results demonstrate that FFA1 agonism promotes tumor growth and cell proliferation via c-Src/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and COX-2 signaling. At the same time, agonism of FFA1 strongly inhibits migration and invasion, which are mechanistically mediated via inhibition of EGFR, ERK1/2 and regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FFA1 plays oppositional growth and migratory roles in pRCC and identifies this receptor as a potential target for modulation of pathogenesis of this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka F Karmokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001, Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Nader H Moniri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001, Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Macon, GA, 31207, USA.
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4
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Binding of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase to TLR4 Signalling Allows Tissue Factor Activation in Monocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012207. [PMID: 36293061 PMCID: PMC9603380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is involved in the progression of atherosclerosis, since its enzymatic activity promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Besides, GGT may act as a prothrombotic factor by inducing tissue factor (TF) expression, independently of its enzymatic activity. The aim of this study was to assess whether GGT-induced TF stimulation was a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed on monocytes, the precursors of macrophages and foam cells which colocalize with GGT activity within atherosclerotic plaques. Experiments were performed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), THP-1 cells (a monocytic cellular model), and HEK293 cells, which were genetically modified to study the activation of TLR4. TF procoagulant activity was assessed by a one-stage clotting time test, and TF protein expression was estimated by western blot. Human recombinant (hr) GGT protein increased TF procoagulant activity and protein expression in both PBMCs and THP-1 cells. The GGT-induced TF stimulation was prevented by cellular pretreatment with TLR4/NF-κB inhibitors (LPS-Rs, CLI-095, and BAY-11-7082), and HEK293 cells lacking TLR4 confirmed that TLR4 is essential for GGT-induced activation of NF-κB. In conclusion, hrGGT induced TF expression in monocytes through a cytokine-like mechanism that involved the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
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5
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Blevins HM, Xu Y, Biby S, Zhang S. The NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway: A Review of Mechanisms and Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:879021. [PMID: 35754962 PMCID: PMC9226403 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.879021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays a pivotal role in regulating the innate immune system and inflammatory signaling. Upon activation by PAMPs and DAMPs, NLRP3 oligomerizes and activates caspase-1 which initiates the processing and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. NLRP3 is the most extensively studied inflammasome to date due to its array of activators and aberrant activation in several inflammatory diseases. Studies using small molecules and biologics targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway have shown positive outcomes in treating various disease pathologies by blocking chronic inflammation. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the NLRP3 mechanism, its role in disease pathology, and provide a broad review of therapeutics discovered to target the NLRP3 pathway and their challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shijun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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6
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Sbirkov Y, Vergov B, Mehterov N, Sarafian V. miRNAs in Lymphocytic Leukaemias-The miRror of Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094657. [PMID: 35563051 PMCID: PMC9103677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory disease and relapse remain the main causes of cancer therapy failure. Refined risk stratification, treatment regimens and improved early diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease have increased cure rates in malignancies like childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) to 90%. Nevertheless, overall survival in the context of drug resistance remains poor. The regulatory role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in cell differentiation, homeostasis and tumorigenesis has been under extensive investigation in different cancers. There is accumulating data demonstrating the significance of miRNAs for therapy outcomes in lymphoid malignancies and some direct demonstrations of the interplay between these small molecules and drug response. Here, we summarise miRNAs' impact on chemotherapy resistance in adult and paediatric ALL and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The main focus of this review is on the modulation of particular signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT, transcription factors such as NF-κB, and apoptotic mediators, all of which are bona fide and pivotal elements orchestrating the survival of malignant lymphocytic cells. Finally, we discuss the attractive strategy of using mimics, antimiRs and other molecular approaches pointing at miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. Such novel strategies to circumvent ALL and CLL resistance networks may potentially improve patients' responses and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Sbirkov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Bozhidar Vergov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
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Coles VE, Darveau P, Zhang X, Harvey H, Henriksbo BD, Yang A, Schertzer JD, Magolan J, Burrows LL. Exploration of BAY 11-7082 as a Potential Antibiotic. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:170-182. [PMID: 34860493 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of the Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics increases the formation of biofilms. We exploited this phenotype to identify molecules with potential antimicrobial activity in a biofilm-based high-throughput screen. The anti-inflammatory compound BAY 11-7082 induced dose-dependent biofilm stimulation, indicative of antibacterial activity. We confirmed that BAY 11-7082 inhibits the growth of P. aeruginosa and other priority pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We synthesized 27 structural analogues, including a series based on the related scaffold 3-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile (PSPC), 10 of which displayed increased anti-Staphylococcal activity. Because the parent molecule inhibits the NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, we measured the ability of select analogues to reduce interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in mammalian macrophages, identifying minor differences in the structure-activity relationship for the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of this scaffold. Although we could evolve stably resistant MRSA mutants with cross-resistance to BAY 11-7082 and PSPC, their lack of shared mutations suggested that the two molecules could have multiple targets. Finally, we showed that BAY 11-7082 and its analogues synergize with penicillin G against MRSA, suggesting that this scaffold may serve as an interesting starting point for the development of antibiotic adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria E. Coles
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Patrick Darveau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Hanjeong Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Brandyn D. Henriksbo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Angela Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Jonathan D. Schertzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Jakob Magolan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Lori L. Burrows
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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8
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PCSK9 Induces Tissue Factor Expression by Activation of TLR4/NFkB Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312640. [PMID: 34884442 PMCID: PMC8657476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) increases LDL cholesterol (C) concentration by accelerating the hepatic degradation of the LDL receptor (R) thus promoting atherogenesis. The molecule, however, also exerts proinflammatory effects independent of circulating LDL-C by enhancing local cytokine production and activation of NFkB, a process that might involve Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a crucial component of the innate immunity system. Tissue factor (TF), a glycoprotein which plays an essential role in coagulation and inflammation, is rapidly induced by circulating monocytes stimulated by proinflammatory agents through NFkB-dependent mechanisms. The aims of our study were (1) to assess whether PCSK9 may induce monocytic TF expression and (2) to evaluate whether the TLR4/NFkB signaling pathway may contribute to that effect. Experiments were carried out in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), THP-1 cells, and HEK293 cells transfected with plasmids encoding the human TLR4 complex. PCSK9 increased procoagulant activity (PCA), mRNA and TF protein expression in both PBMCs and THP-1 cultures. Pre-treatment with inhibitors of TLR4/NFkB signaling such as LPS-RS, CLI-095, and BAY 11-7082, downregulated PCSK9-induced TF expression. A similar effect was obtained by incubating cell cultures with anti-PCSK9 human monoclonal antibody. In TLR4-HEK293 cells, PCSK9 activated the TLR4/NFkB signaling pathway to an extent comparable to LPS, the specific agonist of TLR4s and quantitative confocal microscopy documented the colocalization of PCSK9 and TLR4s. In conclusion, PCSK9 induces TF expression through activation of TLR4/NFkB signaling.
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9
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Gutiérrez LM, Valenzuela Alvarez M, Yang Y, Spinelli F, Cantero MJ, Alaniz L, García MG, Kleinerman ES, Correa A, Bolontrade MF. Up-regulation of pro-angiogenic molecules and events does not relate with an angiogenic switch in metastatic osteosarcoma cells but to cell survival features. Apoptosis 2021; 26:447-459. [PMID: 34024019 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent malignant bone tumor, affecting predominantly children. Metastases represent a major clinical challenge and an estimated 80% would present undetectable micrometastases at diagnosis. The identification of metastatic traits and molecules would impact in micrometastasis management. We demonstrated that OS LM7 metastatic cells secretome was able to induce microvascular endothelium cell rearrangements, an angiogenic-related trait. A proteomic analysis indicated a gain in angiogenic-related pathways in these cells, as compared to their parental-non-metastatic OS SAOS2 cells counterpart. Further, factors with proangiogenic functions like VEGF and PDGF were upregulated in LM7 cells. However, no differential angiogenic response was induced by LM7 cells in vivo. Regulation of the Fas-FasL axis is key for OS cells to colonize the lungs in this model. Analysis of the proteomic data with emphasis in apoptosis pathways and related processes revealed that the percentage of genes associated with those, presented similar levels in SAOS2 and LM7 cells. Further, the balance of expression levels of proteins with pro- and antiapoptotic functions in both cell types was subtle. Interestingly and of relevance to the model, Fas associated Factor 1 (FAF1), which participates in Fas signaling, was present in LM7 cells and was not detected in SAOS2 cells. The subtle differences in apoptosis-related events and molecules, together with the reported cell-survival functions of the identified angiogenic factors and the increased survival features that we observed in LM7 cells, suggest that the gain in angiogenesis-related pathways in metastatic OS cells would relate to a prosurvival switch rather to an angiogenic switch as an advantage feature to colonize the lungs. OS metastatic cells also displayed higher adhesion towards microvascular endothelium cells suggesting an advantage for tissue colonization. A gain in angiogenesis pathways and molecules does not result in major angiogenic potential. Together, our results suggest that metastatic OS cells would elicit signaling associated to a prosurvival phenotype, allowing homing into the hostile site for metastasis. During the gain of metastatic traits process, cell populations displaying higher adhesive ability to microvascular endothelium, negative regulation of the Fas-FasL axis in the lung parenchyma and a prosurvival switch, would be selected. This opens a new scenario where antiangiogenic treatments would affect cell survival rather than angiogenesis, and provides a molecular panel of expression that may help in distinguishing OS cells with different metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Gutiérrez
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina
| | - Matías Valenzuela Alvarez
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina
| | - Yuanzheng Yang
- Division of Pediatrics and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit #853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - María José Cantero
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- CITNOBA CONICET-UNNOBA, Jorge Newbery 261, B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Mariana G García
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenie S Kleinerman
- Division of Pediatrics and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit #853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Marcela F Bolontrade
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina.
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Li Z, Tian J, Du L, Gao Y, Wang Y, You F, Wang L. Anlotinib exerts anti-cancer efficiency on lung cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo through reducing NF-κB activity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5547-5559. [PMID: 33955683 PMCID: PMC8184695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anlotinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Previous studies confirmed that anlotinib exerts anti-cancer efficiency. However, the functional roles of anlotinib on cancer stem cells (CSCs) are yet to be elucidated. In this study, lung CSCs were isolated and identified in vitro, and mouse xenografts were established in vivo. MTT assays, tumour sphere formation assays, TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot were performed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of anlotinib on lung CSCs. The results showed that anlotinib inhibits the growth of lung CSCs in vitro and in vivo. In addition, anlotinib induced apoptosis of these cells along with down-regulated expression level of Bcl-2 whereas up-regulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression. It also sensitized lung CSCs to the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and paclitaxel; the tumour sphere formation and expression levels of multiple stemness-associated markers, such as ALDH1 and CD133, were also decreased. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism indicated that anlotinib reduces the phosphorylated levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α in lung CSCs. Taken together, these findings suggested that anlotinib exerts potent anti-cancer effects against lung CSCs through apoptotic induction and stemness phenotypic attenuation. The mechanism could be associated with the suppression of NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohong Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juncai Tian
- Lung Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Ziyang, Ziyang, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming You
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Yan Y, Qian H, Cao Y, Zhu T. Nuclear factor-κB inhibitor Bay11-7082 inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting Gli1 expression. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:301. [PMID: 33732377 PMCID: PMC7905653 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway is involved in gastric carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of the NF-κB inhibitor, Bay11-7082, on gastric cancer (GC) and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. The MTT assay was performed to assess the effects of Bay11-7082 on the proliferation of HGC27 and MKN45 gastric cancer cells. In addition, the Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to determine cell migration and invasion, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of the target genes. The results demonstrated that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Bay11-7082 in HGC27 cells was 24.88, 6.72 and 4.23 nM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 of Bay11-7082 in MKN45 cells was 29.11, 11.22 and 5.88 nM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Treatment with Bay11-7082 significantly suppressed the cell migratory and invasive abilities compared with the control group. Notably, Bay11-7082 suppressed GLI Family Zinc Finger 1 (Gli1) mRNA and protein expression levels. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that Bay11-7082 inhibited GC cell proliferation, at least in part through inhibition of Gli1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Heya Qian
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
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12
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Hasan R, Koner D, Khongmawloh E, Saha N. Induction of nitric oxide synthesis: a strategy to defend against high environmental ammonia-induced oxidative stress in primary hepatocytes of air-breathing catfish, Clarias magur. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb219626. [PMID: 32220974 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.219626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Air-breathing magur catfish (Clarias magur) regularly face the problem of exposure to high environmental ammonia (HEA) as one of the major pollutants in their natural habitats that causes considerable toxic effects at the cellular level, including that of oxidative stress. The major objective of the present study was to demonstrate the antioxidant activity of endogenously produced nitric oxide (NO) to defend against ammonia-induced oxidative stress in primary hepatocytes of magur catfish during exposure to HEA. Exposure to NH4Cl (5 mmol l-1) led to a significant increase in intracellular ammonia concentration with a sharp rise of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations within 3 h in primary hepatocytes, which decreased gradually at later stages of treatment. This phenomenon was accompanied by a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity as a consequence of induction of corresponding genes. HEA exposure also led to the stimulation of NO production due to induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, as a consequence of up-regulation of the nos2 gene. Most interestingly, when NO production by hepatocytes under ammonia stress was blocked by adding certain inhibitors [aminoguanidine and 3-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-2-propenenitrile] to the culture medium, there was a further rise of H2O2 and MDA concentrations in hepatocytes. These were accompanied by the lowering of SOD and CAT activity with less expression of corresponding genes. Thus, it can be contemplated that magur catfish use the strategy of stimulation of NO production, which ultimately induces the SOD-CAT enzyme system to defend against ammonia-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubaiya Hasan
- Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Debaprasad Koner
- Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Elvis Khongmawloh
- Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Nirmalendu Saha
- Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
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13
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Lau TS, Chan LKY, Man GCW, Wong CH, Lee JHS, Yim SF, Cheung TH, McNeish IA, Kwong J. Paclitaxel Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Ovarian Cancer via TLR4/IKK2/SNARE-Dependent Exocytosis. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:1099-1111. [PMID: 32354736 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs is reliant on their capability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), thus transforming dying tumor cells into antitumor vaccines. We wanted to uncover potential therapeutic strategies that target ovarian cancer by having a better understanding of the standard-of-care chemotherapy treatment. Here, we showed in ovarian cancer that paclitaxel induced ICD-associated damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP, such as CALR exposure, ATP secretion, and HMGB1 release) in vitro and elicited significant antitumor responses in tumor vaccination assays in vivo Paclitaxel-induced TLR4 signaling was essential to the release of DAMPs, which led to the activation of NF-κB-mediated CCL2 transcription and IkappaB kinase 2-mediated SNARE-dependent vesicle exocytosis, thus exposing CALR on the cell surface. Paclitaxel induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, which triggered protein kinase R-like ER kinase activation and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α phosphorylation independent of TLR4. Paclitaxel chemotherapy induced T-cell infiltration in ovarian tumors of the responsive patients; CALR expression in primary ovarian tumors also correlated with patients' survival and patient response to chemotherapy. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of paclitaxel relied upon the activation of antitumor immunity through ICD via TLR4 and highlighted the importance of CALR expression in cancer cells as an indicator of response to paclitaxel chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tat San Lau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Loucia Kit Ying Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gene Chi Wai Man
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Hang Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jacqueline Ho Sze Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - So Fan Yim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Hong Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Iain A McNeish
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Kwong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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14
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Mukhopadhyay D, Sangaré LO, Braun L, Hakimi MA, Saeij JP. Toxoplasma GRA15 limits parasite growth in IFNγ-activated fibroblasts through TRAF ubiquitin ligases. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103758. [PMID: 32293748 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii lives inside a vacuole in the host cytosol where it is protected from host cytoplasmic innate immune responses. However, IFNγ-dependent cell-autonomous immunity can destroy the vacuole and the parasite inside. Toxoplasma strain differences in susceptibility to human IFNγ exist, but the Toxoplasma effector(s) that determine these differences are unknown. We show that in human primary fibroblasts, the polymorphic Toxoplasma-secreted effector GRA15 mediates the recruitment of ubiquitin ligases, including TRAF2 and TRAF6, to the vacuole membrane, which enhances recruitment of ubiquitin receptors (p62/NDP52) and ubiquitin-like molecules (LC3B, GABARAP). This ultimately leads to lysosomal degradation of the vacuole. In murine fibroblasts, GRA15-mediated TRAF6 recruitment mediates the recruitment of immunity-related GTPases and destruction of the vacuole. Thus, we have identified how the Toxoplasma effector GRA15 affects cell-autonomous immunity in human and murine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lamba Omar Sangaré
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Braun
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Host-Pathogen Interactions and Immunity to Infection, INSERM U1209, CNRS, UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed-Ali Hakimi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Host-Pathogen Interactions and Immunity to Infection, INSERM U1209, CNRS, UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jeroen Pj Saeij
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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15
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Saha S, Kiran M, Kuscu C, Chatrath A, Wotton D, Mayo MW, Dutta A. Long Noncoding RNA DRAIC Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression by Interacting with IKK to Inhibit NF-κB Activation. Cancer Res 2020; 80:950-963. [PMID: 31900260 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DRAIC is a 1.7 kb spliced long noncoding RNA downregulated in castration-resistant advanced prostate cancer. Decreased DRAIC expression predicts poor patient outcome in prostate and seven other cancers, while increased DRAIC represses growth of xenografted tumors. Here, we show that cancers with decreased DRAIC expression have increased NF-κB target gene expression. DRAIC downregulation increased cell invasion and soft agar colony formation; this was dependent on NF-κB activation. DRAIC interacted with subunits of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex to inhibit their interaction with each other, the phosphorylation of IκBα, and the activation of NF-κB. These functions of DRAIC mapped to the same fragment containing bases 701-905. Thus, DRAIC lncRNA inhibits prostate cancer progression through suppression of NF-κB activation by interfering with IKK activity. SIGNIFICANCE: A cytoplasmic tumor-suppressive lncRNA interacts with and inhibits a major kinase that activates an oncogenic transcription factor in prostate cancer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/5/950/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Manjari Kiran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Canan Kuscu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Ajay Chatrath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - David Wotton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Marty W Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Anindya Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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16
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Wang C, Wang Y, Liu N, Cai C, Xu L. Effect of tumor necrosis factor α on ability of SHED to promote osteoclastogenesis during physiological root resorption. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108803. [PMID: 30951949 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth is a normal phenomenon, however, the potential mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate ability of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) on promoting the osteoclastic differentiation of osteoclast precursors and clarify mechanisms underlying this process in vitro. SHED and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were obtained from deciduous teeth and healthy permanent teeth. An indirect co-culture system of SHED or DPSCs were used. The osteoclast precursor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were established. Ability of SHED and DPSCs in promoting osteoclastogenesis was determined using triiodothyronine receptor auxiliary protein (TRAP) staining, real-time real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blotting. The effect of inflammation on the pro-osteoclastogenesis ability of SHED was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RT-PCR and western blotting. The function of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in promoting the osteoclastogenesis ability of SHED was determined using RT-PCR and western blotting. SHED exhibited an increased ability to promote osteoclastic differentiation. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly higher in SHED than in DPSCs. Expression of cathepsin K (CTSK), TRAP, and receptor-activator of nuclear-factor-κ B ligand (RANKL), RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio, and expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB α (p-IκBα) and nuclear p65 were markedly up-regulated in SHED post the TNF-α treatment but decreased following NF-κB inhibition. In conclusion, inflammatory cytokine TNF-α appeared to activate NF-κB pathway to up-regulate expression of NF-κB, enhancing ability of SHED in promoting osteoclastogenesis via regulating RANKL/OPG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Eight Medical Center,General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, First Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, First Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chuan Cai
- Department of Orthodontics, First Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lulu Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, First Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, China.
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17
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Zong L, Gao Z, Xie W, Tong J, Cao Y. Role of NF-κB activation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells exposed to 900-MHz radiofrequency fields (RF). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:46-51. [PMID: 30704354 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1553372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a primary transcription factor which plays a key role in several cellular processes including proliferation and survival. It is well known that exposure to non-ionizing radiofrequency fields (RFs), which are ubiquitous, resulted in interaction with cellular components. The aim of the study was thus to examine whether exposure of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to RF also resulted in cellular interactions. BMSC were exposed to 900 MHz RF at 120 μW/cm2 power intensity for 4 hr/day for 5 consecutive days. The relative protein expression levels of NF-κB in the cytoplasm and nucleus of RF-exposed cells were compared to non-RF-exposed controls. At 30-min post-RF exposure, a significant decrease in protein expression of NF-κB in the cytoplasm was accompanied by a concomitant increase in nuclear NF-κB protein expression levels. Similar responses were noted in the cytoplasm and nuclear NF-κB levels at 2 hr with a return to control concentrations in primary transcription factor at 24-hr post-RF treatment. Daily incubation of BAY 11-7082, an inhibitor of NF-κB, for 90 min for 5 days followed by RF each day prevented the fall in cytoplasmic NF-κB and rise in nuclear primary transcription factor at 30 min and 2 hr. There were no marked alterations at 24 hr. Data showed that the effects of RF treatment on BMSC involved transient activation of NF-κB which may be attributed to RF-mediated cellular perturbation as evidenced by consequences of BAY 11-7082 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zong
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Gao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xie
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Tong
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
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18
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Zong L, Gao Z, Xie W, Tong J, Cao Y. Role of NF-κB activation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency fields (RF). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:157-162. [PMID: 30663538 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1564196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a primary transcription factor which plays a key role in several cellular processes including proliferation and survival. It is well-known that exposure to non-ionizing radiofrequency fields (RF), which are ubiquitous, interact with cellular components. The aim of the study was thus to examine whether exposure of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to RF also resulted in cellular interactions. BMSC were exposed to 900 MHz RF at 120 μW/cm2 power intensity for 4 hr/day for 5 consecutive days. The relative protein expression levels of NF-κB in the cytoplasm and nucleus of RF-exposed cells were compared to non-RF-exposed controls. At 30 min post-RF exposure a significant decrease in protein expression of NF-κB in the cytoplasm was accompanied by a concomitant increase in nuclear NF-κB protein expression levels. Similar responses were noted in the cytoplasm and nuclear NF-κB levels at 2 hr with a return to control concentrations in primary transcription factor at 24 hr post-RF treatment. Daily incubation of BAY 11-7082 an inhibitor of NF-κB for 90 min for 5 days followed by RF each day prevented the fall in cytoplasmic NF-κB and rise in nuclear primary transcription factor at 30 min and 2 hr. There were no marked alterations at 24 hr. Data showed that the effects of RF treatment on BMSC involved transient activation of NF-κB which may be attributed to RF-mediated cellular perturbation as evidenced by consequences of BAY 11-7082 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zong
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Gao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xie
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Tong
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , People's Republic of China
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19
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Kohtz PD, Halpern AL, Eldeiry MA, Hazel K, Kalatardi S, Ao L, Meng X, Reece TB, Fullerton DA, Weyant MJ. Toll-Like Receptor-4 Is a Mediator of Proliferation in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 107:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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LPS-mediated cell surface expression of CD74 promotes the proliferation of B cells in response to MIF. Cell Signal 2018; 46:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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Momeny M, Yousefi H, Eyvani H, Moghaddaskho F, Salehi A, Esmaeili F, Alishahi Z, Barghi F, Vaezijoze S, Shamsaiegahkani S, Zarrinrad G, Sankanian G, Sabourinejad Z, Hamzehlou S, Bashash D, Aboutorabi ES, Ghaffari P, Dehpour AR, Tavangar SM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J, Alimoghaddam K, Ghavamzadeh A, Ghaffari SH. Blockade of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 99:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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22
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Jana A, Krett NL, Guzman G, Khalid A, Ozden O, Staudacher JJ, Bauer J, Baik SH, Carroll T, Yazici C, Jung B. NFkB is essential for activin-induced colorectal cancer migration via upregulation of PI3K-MDM2 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37377-37393. [PMID: 28418896 PMCID: PMC5514916 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a common and deadly cancer due to metastatic disease. Activin and TGFB (TGFβ) signaling are growth suppressive pathways that exert non-canonical pro-metastatic effects late in CRC carcinogenesis. We have recently shown that activin downregulates p21 via ubiquitination and degradation associated with enhanced cellular migration independent of SMADs. To investigate the mechanism of metastatic activin signaling, we examined activated NFkB signaling and activin ligand expression in CRC patient samples and found a strong correlation. We hypothesize that activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 by NFkB leads to p21 degradation in response to activin treatment. To dissect the link between activin and pro-carcinogenic NFkB signaling and downstream targets, we found that activin but not TGFB induced activation of NFkB leading to increased MDM2 ubiquitin ligase via PI3K. Further, overexpression of wild type p65 NFkB increased MDM2 expression while the NFkB inhibitors NEMO-binding domain (NBD) and Bay11-7082 blocked the activin-induced increase in MDM2. In conclusion, in colon cancer cell migration, activin utilizes NFkB to induce MDM2 activity leading to the degradation of p21 in a PI3K dependent mechanism. This provides new mechanistic knowledge linking activin and NFkB signaling in advanced colon cancer which is applicable to targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Jana
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nancy L Krett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ahmer Khalid
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ozkan Ozden
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jonas J Staudacher
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jessica Bauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Seung Hyun Baik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Timothy Carroll
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Cemal Yazici
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Barbara Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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23
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Daher M, Hidalgo Lopez JE, Randhawa JK, Jabbar KJ, Wei Y, Pemmaraju N, Borthakur G, Kadia T, Konopleva M, Kantarjian HM, Hearn K, Estrov Z, Reyes S, Bueso-Ramos CE, Garcia-Manero G. An exploratory clinical trial of bortezomib in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Hematol 2017; 92:674-682. [PMID: 28370157 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and an increased risk of transformation. Few effective therapies are available for lower risk MDS patients, especially after the failure of hypomethylating agents. MDS progenitor cells are dependent on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) for survival, which makes it an attractive therapeutic target. As a proteosomal inhibitor, bortezomib is thought to have inhibitory activity against NF-κB. We designed a proof-of-principle study of subcutaneous (SC) bortezomib in lower risk MDS patients with evidence of NF-κB activation in their bone marrow. Fifteen patients were treated, their median age was 71 (range 56-87), 33% were low and 67% int-1 by IPSS, median number of prior therapies was 2, all patients were transfusion dependent. Baseline median pp65 percentage was 31% and 11 patients had evidence of ring sideroblasts (RS). SC bortezomib was safe, well tolerated with no excess toxicity. Three patients out of the 15 (20%) had evidence of response with hematologic improvement (HI-E). Bortezomib caused a decrease in pp65 levels in 7 out of 13 evaluable patients (54%, P = .025). Of interest, unexpectedly, we observed a significant decrease in RS in 7 out of 10 (70%) evaluable patients during treatment. In conclusion, this study suggests that NF-κB activation, measured by pp65 levels, may be a useful biomarker in MDS. Bortezomib is safe in this patient population but has modest clinical activity. The role of the proteasome in the genesis of RS needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Daher
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | | | - Jasleen K. Randhawa
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Kausar Jabeen Jabbar
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Tapan Kadia
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Hagop M. Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Katherine Hearn
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Steven Reyes
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
| | - Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Texas USA
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24
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Xu S, Xu Y, Chen L, Fang Q, Song S, Chen J, Teng J. RCN1 suppresses ER stress-induced apoptosis via calcium homeostasis and PERK-CHOP signaling. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e304. [PMID: 28319095 PMCID: PMC5533947 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is caused by the disturbance of ER homeostasis and leads to the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which alleviates stress at an early stage and triggers apoptosis if homeostasis fails over a prolonged timeframe. Here, we report that reticulocalbin 1 (RCN1), a member of the CREC family, is transactivated by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) during ER stress and inhibits ER stress-induced apoptosis. The depletion of RCN1 increases the UPR during drug-induced ER stress by activating PRKR-like ER kinase–CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (PERK–CHOP) signaling, thus inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that the first two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs of RCN1 specifically interact with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor type 1 (IP3R1) on loop 3 of its ER luminal domain and inhibit ER calcium release and apoptosis. Together, these data indicate that RCN1, a target of NF-κB, suppresses ER calcium release by binding to IP3R1 and decreases the UPR, thereby inhibiting ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - L Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Q Fang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - S Song
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Teng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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25
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MiR-138 indirectly regulates the MDR1 promoter by NF-κB/p65 silencing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:648-655. [PMID: 28153721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to mediate post-transcriptional gene silencing in the cytoplasm and recent evidence indicates that may also possess nuclear roles in regulating gene expression. A previous study showed that miR-138 is involved in the multidrug resistance of leukemia cells through down-regulation of the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the protein encoded by the human multidrug-resistant ABCB1/MDR1 gene. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms responsible remain to be elucidated. To deepen the description of the mechanism of transcriptional gene silencing on the MDR1 promoter, we initially performed a bioinformatics search for potential miR-138 binding sites in the MDR1 gene promoter sequence. Interestingly, we did not find miR-138 binding sites in this region, suggesting an indirect regulation. From six representative transcriptional factors involved in MDR1 gene regulation, an in silico analysis revealed that NF-κB/p65 has a specific binding site for miR-138. The results of luciferase reporter assay, western blot and flow cytometry shown here suggest that miR-138 might modulate the human MDR1 expression by inhibiting NF-κB/p65 as an indirect mechanism of MDR1 regulation. Furthermore, employing the human macrophage-like cell line U937 we observed comparable results with NF-κB/p65 down-regulation and we also observed a significant reduction in the IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA, as well as in their secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines following miR-138 expression, suggesting that canonical NF-κB target genes might also be potential targets for miR-138 in leukemia cells.
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Guo X, Zheng L, Jiang J, Zhao Y, Wang X, Shen M, Zhu F, Tian R, Shi C, Xu M, Li X, Peng F, Zhang H, Feng Y, Xie Y, Xu X, Jia W, He R, Xie C, Hu J, Ye D, Wang M, Qin R. Blocking NF-κB Is Essential for the Immunotherapeutic Effect of Recombinant IL18 in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5939-5950. [PMID: 27297583 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to find new immune-based treatments for pancreatic cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We detected IL18 expression in plasma and specimens from patients with pancreatic cancer. We then investigated whether IL18 had a therapeutic effect for pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo and any underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Higher plasma IL18 was associated with longer overall survival (OS), but higher IL18 in pancreatic cancer tissues was associated with shorter OS and increased invasion and metastasis. Recombinant IL18 alone had no antitumor effect in the syngeneic mice with orthotopically transplanted tumors and promoted tumors in immunocompromised mice; it also facilitated immune responses in vitro and in vivo by augmenting the activity of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells in peripheral blood and lymph nodes. However, IL18 promoted the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, through the NF-κB pathway. Nevertheless, by coadministrating IL18 with BAY11-7082, an NF-κB inhibitor, we were able to prevent the procancerous effects of IL18 and prolong the survival time of the mice. CONCLUSIONS IL18 has both cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing functions. Although its single-agent treatment has no therapeutic effect on pancreatic cancer, when combined with the NF-κB pathway inhibitor, IL18 improved survival in a murine pancreatic cancer model. Our study implies the possibility of a combinational immunotherapy that uses IL18 and targets NF-κB pathway. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5939-50. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjun Guo
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, and the Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research & Clinical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Surgery, The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, and the Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research & Clinical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of hepatic-biliary-pancreatic surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengjian Shi
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yechen Feng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruizhi He
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chencheng Xie
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Colon Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dawei Ye
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Renyi Qin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Scalise V, Balia C, Cianchetti S, Neri T, Carnicelli V, Zucchi R, Franzini M, Corti A, Paolicchi A, Celi A, Pedrinelli R. Non enzymatic upregulation of tissue factor expression by gamma-glutamyl transferase in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Thromb J 2016; 14:45. [PMID: 27822142 PMCID: PMC5096335 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-016-0119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Besides maintaining intracellular glutathione stores, gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) generates reactive oxygen species and activates NFkB, a redox-sensitive transcription factor key in the induction of Tissue Factor (TF) gene expression, the principal initiator of the clotting cascade. Thus, GGT might be involved in TF-mediated coagulation processes, an assumption untested insofar. Methods Experiments were run with either equine, enzymatically active GGT or human recombinant (hr) GGT, a wheat germ-derived protein enzymatically inert because of missing post-translational glycosylation. TF Procoagulant Activity (PCA, one-stage clotting assay), TF antigen(ELISA) and TFmRNA(real-time PCR) were assessed in unpooled human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) suspensions obtained from healthy donors through discontinuous Ficoll/Hystopaque density gradient. Results Equine GGT increased PCA, an effect insensitive to GGT inhibition by acivicin suggesting mechanisms independent of its enzymatic activity, a possibility confirmed by the maintained stimulation in response to hrGGT, an enzymatically inactive molecule. Endotoxin(LPS) contamination of GGT preparations was excluded by heat inactivation studies and direct determination(LAL method) of LPS concentrations <0.1 ng/mL practically devoid of procoagulant effect. Inhibition by anti-GGT antibodies corroborated that conclusion. Upregulation by hrGGT of TF antigen and mRNA and its downregulation by BAY-11-7082, a NFkB inhibitor, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine, an antioxidant, was consistent with a NFkB-driven, redox-sensitive transcriptional site of action. Conclusions GGT upregulates TF expression independent of its enzymatic activity, a cytokine-like behaviour mediated by NFκB activation, a mechanism contributing to promote acute thrombotic events, a possibility in need, however, of further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Scalise
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Balia
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvana Cianchetti
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carnicelli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zucchi
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Franzini
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corti
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo Paolicchi
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pedrinelli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Mansouri L, Papakonstantinou N, Ntoufa S, Stamatopoulos K, Rosenquist R. NF-κB activation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A point of convergence of external triggers and intrinsic lesions. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 39:40-8. [PMID: 27491692 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, and hence plays a major role in disease development and evolution. In contrast to many other mature B-cell lymphomas, only a few recurrently mutated genes involved in canonical or non-canonical NF-κB activation have been identified in CLL (i.e. BIRC3, MYD88 and NFKBIE mutations) and often at a low frequency. On the other hand, CLL B cells seem 'addicted' to the tumor microenvironment for their survival and proliferation, which is primarily mediated by interaction through a number of cell surface receptors, e.g. the B-cell receptor (BcR), Toll-like receptors and CD40, that in turn activate downstream NF-κB. The importance of cell-extrinsic triggering for CLL pathophysiology was recently also highlighted by the clinical efficacy of novel drugs targeting microenvironmental interactions through the inhibition of BcR signaling. In other words, CLL can be considered a prototype disease for studying the intricate interplay between external triggers and intrinsic aberrations and their combined impact on disease evolution. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of mechanisms underlying NF-κB deregulation in CLL, including micro-environmental, genetic and epigenetic events, and summarize data generated in murine models resembling human CLL. Finally, we will also discuss different strategies undertaken to intervene with the NF-κB pathway and its upstream mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry Mansouri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nikos Papakonstantinou
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula Ntoufa
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Ghashghaeinia M, Giustarini D, Koralkova P, Köberle M, Alzoubi K, Bissinger R, Hosseinzadeh Z, Dreischer P, Bernhardt I, Lang F, Toulany M, Wieder T, Mojzikova R, Rossi R, Mrowietz U. Pharmacological targeting of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human erythrocytes by Bay 11-7082, parthenolide and dimethyl fumarate. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28754. [PMID: 27353740 PMCID: PMC4926109 DOI: 10.1038/srep28754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mature erythrocytes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) yield NADPH, a crucial cofactor of the enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) converting glutathione disulfide (GSSG) into its reduced state (GSH). GSH is essential for detoxification processes in and survival of erythrocytes. We explored whether the anti-inflammatory compounds Bay 11–7082, parthenolide and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) were able to completely deplete a common target (GSH), and to impair the function of upstream enzymes of GSH recycling and replenishment. Treatment of erythrocytes with Bay 11–7082, parthenolide or DMF led to concentration-dependent eryptosis resulting from complete depletion of GSH. GSH depletion was due to strong inhibition of G6PDH activity. Bay 11–7082 and DMF, but not parthenolide, were able to inhibit the GR activity. This approach “Inhibitors, Detection of their common target that is completely depleted or inactivated when pharmacologically relevant concentrations of each single inhibitor are applied, Subsequent functional analysis of upstream enzymes for this target” (IDS), can be applied to a broad range of inhibitors and cell types according to the selected target. The specific G6PDH inhibitory effect of these compounds may be exploited for the treatment of human diseases with high NADPH and GSH consumption rates, including malaria, trypanosomiasis, cancer or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia
- Psoriasis-Center, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 7, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Pavla Koralkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Biedersteinerstr. 29, Technische Universität München, 80802 München, Germany
| | - Kousi Alzoubi
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zohreh Hosseinzadeh
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Frondsbergstr. 23, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Dreischer
- Institute of Physiology II, Keplerstr. 15, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingolf Bernhardt
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus A2.4, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, Roentgenweg 11, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieder
- Department of Dermatology; Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Renata Mojzikova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Psoriasis-Center, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 7, Kiel, 24105, Germany
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30
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Balia C, Scalise V, Cianchetti S, Faita F, Neri T, Carnicelli V, Zucchi R, Celi A, Pedrinelli R. The effect of high glucose on the inhibitory action of C21, a selective AT2R agonist, of LPS-stimulated tissue factor expression in human mononuclear cells. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2016; 13:14. [PMID: 27152091 PMCID: PMC4857424 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-016-0123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Intimate links connect tissue factor (TF), the principal initiator of the clotting cascade, to inflammation, a cross-talk amplified by locally generated Angiotensin (AT) II, the effector arm of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS). C21, a selective AT2R agonist, downregulates the transcriptional expression of TF in LPS-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)s implying the existence of ATII type 2 receptor (AT2R)s whose stimulation attenuates inflammation-mediated procoagulant responses. High glucose, by activating key signalling pathways and increasing the cellular content of RAS components, augments TF expression and potentiates the inhibitory effect of AT1R antagonists. It is unknown, however, the impact of that stimulus on AT2R-mediated TF inhibition, an information useful to understand more precisely the role of that signal transduction pathway in the inflammation-mediated coagulation process. TF antigen (ELISA), procoagulant activity (PCA, 1-stage clotting assay) and TF-mRNA (real-time polymerase chain reaction) were assessed in PBMCs activated by LPS, a pro-inflammatory and procoagulant stimulus, exposed to either normal (N) or HG concentrations (5.5 and 50 mM respectively). Results HG upregulated TF expression, an effect abolished by BAY 11-7082, a NFκB inhibitor. C21 inhibited LPS-stimulated PCA, TFAg and mRNA to an extent independent of glucose concentration but the response to Olmesartan, an AT1R antagonist, was quite evidently potentiated by HG. Conclusions HG stimulates LPS-induced TF expression through mechanisms completely dependent upon NFkB activation. Both AT2R-stimulation and AT1R-blockade downregulate inflammation-mediated procoagulant response in PBMCs but HG impacts differently on the two different signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Balia
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Scalise
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvana Cianchetti
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Faita
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carnicelli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zucchi
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pedrinelli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Dias NJ, Selcer KW. Steroid sulfatase in the human MG-63 preosteoblastic cell line: Antagonistic regulation by glucocorticoids and NFκB. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 420:85-96. [PMID: 26631368 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase (STS) converts sulfated steroids into active forms in cells. Preosteoblastic cells possess STS, but its role and regulation in bone are unclear. We examined STS activity and gene expression during differentiation of human MG-63 preosteoblasts. STS activity and gene expression were decreased during differentiation in cells treated with osteogenic supplement containing dexamethasone (DEX). DEX also inhibited STS activity and expression in undifferentiated cells, and the glucocorticoid antagonist RU486 reversed DEX inhibition of STS. These data may have implications for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The NFκB activators lipopolysaccharide and phorbol myristate acetate increased STS expression in undifferentiated and differentiated MG-63 cells, while the NFκB inhibitor BAY-11-7082 partially blocked these responses. The antagonistic actions of glucocorticoids and NFkB on STS expression are similar to the regulation of inflammatory response proteins. We propose a model of STS regulation whereby inflammation leads to increased STS, resulting in increased estrogen, which modulates the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha J Dias
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kyle W Selcer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Compound 21, a selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, downregulates lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tissue factor expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2015; 25:501-6. [PMID: 24914880 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Intricate interrelationships connect tissue factor (TF), the principal initiator of the clotting cascade, to inflammation, a cross-talk amplified by locally active angiotensin II, a proinflammatory agent with direct TF-stimulating properties mediated by the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R)s. However, angiotensin II also stimulates angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R)s and they may as well contribute to TF expression, a possibility in need of further evaluation. We investigated the effect of C21, a highly specific AT2R agonist, on TF antigen (ELISA), procoagulant activity (PCA, one-stage clotting assay) and TF-mRNA (real-time PCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)s activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory and procoagulant stimulus. C21 downregulated LPS-stimulated TF antigen, PCA and TF mRNA, an effect abolished by PD123 319, a selective AT2R antagonist, and left unchanged by omesartan, a selective AT1R antagonist. PD123 319 per se did not affect LPS-induced TF expression while omesartan inhibited and BAY 11-7082, a specific NFκB inhibitor, abolished endotoxin-activated procoagulant activity (PCA). C21, a selective AT2R agonist, downregulates the transcriptional expression of TF in LPS-activated PBMCs, a finding consistent with the existence in PBMCs of AT2Rs whose stimulation attenuates inflammation-mediated procoagulant responses. The data open insofar unexplored and potentially relevant facets to our understanding of the complex links connecting angiotensin II to inflammation and coagulation.
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Matteucci C, Minutolo A, Marino-Merlo F, Grelli S, Frezza C, Mastino A, Macchi B. Characterization of the enhanced apoptotic response to azidothymidine by pharmacological inhibition of NF-kB. Life Sci 2015; 127:90-7. [PMID: 25744407 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study addresses the issue of enhanced apoptotic response to AZT following co-treatment with an NF-kB inhibitor. MAIN METHODS To investigate this issue, different cell lines were assayed for susceptibility to AZT-mediated apoptosis without or with the addition of the NF-kB inhibitor Bay-11-7085. For further investigation, U937 cells were selected as good-responder cells to the combination treatment with 32 or 128 μM AZT, and 1 μM Bay-11-7085. Inhibition of NF-kB activation by Bay-11-7085 in cells treated with AZT was assayed through Western blot analysis of p65 expression and by EMSA. Involvement of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in mechanisms underlying the improved effect of AZT following Bay-11-7085 co-treatment, was evaluated by assaying the cytochrome c release and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) status using the JC-1 dye. Moreover, the transcriptional activity of both anti- and pro-apoptotic genes in U937 cells after combination treatment was quantitatively evaluated through real-time PCR. KEY FINDINGS We found that the combined treatment induced high levels of cytochrome c release and of MMP collapse in association with evident changes in the expression of both anti- and pro-apoptotic genes of the Bcl-2 family. Overexpression of Bcl-2 significantly suppressed the sensitization of U937 cells to an enhanced apoptotic response to AZT following co-treatment with the NF-kB inhibitor. SIGNIFICANCE The new findings suggest that a combination regimen based on AZT plus an NF-kB inhibitor could represent a new chemotherapeutic tool for retrovirus-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Matteucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Minutolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Marino-Merlo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sandro Grelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Frezza
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Mastino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; The Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Macchi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Medeiros MCD, Frasnelli SCT, Bastos ADS, Orrico SRP, Rossa C. Modulation of cell proliferation, survival and gene expression by RAGE and TLR signaling in cells of the innate and adaptive immune response: role of p38 MAPK and NF-KB. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:185-93. [PMID: 25025559 PMCID: PMC4072269 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible synergism between AGE-RAGE and
TLR4 signaling and the role of p38 MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways on the
modulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines and proliferation of cells
from the innate and adaptive immune response. Material and Methods T lymphocyte (JM) and monocyte (U937) cell lines were stimulated with LPS and
AGE-BSA independently and associated, both in the presence and absence of p38 MAPK
and NF-kB inhibitors. Proliferation was assessed by direct counting and viability
was assessed by a biochemical assay of mitochondrial function. Cytokine gene
expression for RAGe, CCL3, CCR5, IL-6 and TNF-α was studied by RT-PCR and
RT-qPCR. Results RAGE mRNA expression was detected in both cell lines. LPS and AGE-BSA did not
influence cell proliferation and viability of either cell line up to 72 hours. LPS
and LPS associated with AGE induced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in monocytes and
T cells, respectively. Conclusions There is no synergistic effect between RAGE and TLR signaling on the expression of
IL-6, TNF-α , RAGE, CCR5 and CCL3 by monocytes and lymphocytes. Activation of RAGE
associated or not with TLR signaling also had no effect on cell proliferation and
survival of these cell types.
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Bus P, Siersema PD, Verbeek RE, van Baal JWPM. Upregulation of miRNA-143, -145, -192, and -194 in esophageal epithelial cells upon acidic bile salt stimulation. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27:591-600. [PMID: 24006894 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a metaplastic condition of the distal esophagus that occurs because of chronic gastroesophageal reflux. Previous studies have identified BE-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in comparison with normal squamous epithelium (SQ). We hypothesized that BE-specific miRNAs could be induced in esophageal SQ cells by exposure to acid and/or bile salts. We aimed to determine whether BE-specific miRNAs are upregulated in an esophageal SQ cell line (Het-1A) in an environment with acid and/or bile salts and whether this is nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) dependent. Acid and/or bile salt incubations were performed in Het-1A cells. Experiments were performed with or without inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine expression of miRNA-143, -145, -192, -194, cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), mucin 2 (MUC2), and sex determining region Y-box 9. For validation, we determined levels of these miRNAs in biopsies from patients with reflux esophagitis and normal SQ. Significantly increased expression levels of miRNA-143 (2.7-fold), -145 (2.6-fold), -192 (2.0-fold), -194 (2.2-fold), COX2, MUC2, and sex determining region Y-box 9 were found upon acidic bile salt incubation, but not upon acid or bile salt alone. NF-κB pathway inhibition significantly decreased miRNA-143, -192, -194, COX2, and MUC2 expression. Additionally, miRNA-143, -145 and -194 expression was increased in reflux esophagitis biopsies compared with normal SQ, but no changes were found in miRNA-192 expression. Our findings suggest that upregulation of BE-specific miRNAs by acidic bile may be an early event in the transition of SQ to BE and that their expression is partly regulated by the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bus
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Verbeek RE, Siersema PD, Ten Kate FJ, Fluiter K, Souza RF, Vleggaar FP, Bus P, van Baal JWPM. Toll-like receptor 4 activation in Barrett's esophagus results in a strong increase in COX-2 expression. J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:1121-34. [PMID: 23955118 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-013-0862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE) is known to progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma in a setting of chronic inflammation. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 has been linked to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. We aimed to determine the expression and functional activity of TLR4 in the esophagus and whether TLR4 activation in BE could promote carcinogenesis by inducing COX-2 expression. METHODS TLR4 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma, BE, duodenum, reflux esophagitis and normal squamous esophagus biopsies was assessed using real-time PCR and validated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Ex vivo cultures of BE, duodenum and normal squamous esophagus biopsies and a BE cell line (BAR-T) were stimulated with the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To evaluate the effect of TLR4 activation, NF-κB activation, IL8 secretion and expression and COX-2 expression were determined. RESULTS TLR4 expression was significantly increased in esophageal adenocarcinoma, BE, duodenum and reflux esophagitis compared to normal squamous esophagus. LPS stimulation resulted in NF-κB activation and a dose-dependent increase of IL8 secretion and mRNA expression. The induction of IL8 was more evident in BE compared to normal squamous esophagus. Upon LPS stimulation, COX-2 expression increased significantly in ex vivo cultured BE biopsies, which was observed in both epithelium and lamina propria cells. However, no effect was found in duodenum and normal squamous esophagus biopsies. CONCLUSION TLR4 activation in BE results in a strong increase in COX-2 and may contribute to malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy E Verbeek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (F02.618), University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
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Amaya M, Voss K, Sampey G, Senina S, de la Fuente C, Mueller C, Calvert V, Kehn-Hall K, Carpenter C, Kashanchi F, Bailey C, Mogelsvang S, Petricoin E, Narayanan A. The role of IKKβ in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86745. [PMID: 24586253 PMCID: PMC3929299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) belongs to the genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae. VEEV infection is characterized by extensive inflammation and studies from other laboratories implicated an involvement of the NF-κB cascade in the in vivo pathology. Initial studies indicated that at early time points of VEEV infection, the NF-κB complex was activated in cells infected with the TC-83 strain of VEEV. One upstream kinase that contributes to the phosphorylation of p65 is the IKKβ component of the IKK complex. Our previous studies with Rift valley fever virus, which exhibited early activation of the NF-κB cascade in infected cells, had indicated that the IKKβ component underwent macromolecular reorganization to form a novel low molecular weight form unique to infected cells. This prompted us to investigate if the IKK complex undergoes a comparable macromolecular reorganization in VEEV infection. Size-fractionated VEEV infected cell extracts indicated a macromolecular reorganization of IKKβ in VEEV infected cells that resulted in formation of lower molecular weight complexes. Well-documented inhibitors of IKKβ function, BAY-11-7082, BAY-11-7085 and IKK2 compound IV, were employed to determine whether IKKβ function was required for the production of infectious progeny virus. A decrease in infectious viral particles and viral RNA copies was observed with inhibitor treatment in the attenuated and virulent strains of VEEV infection. In order to further validate the requirement of IKKβ for VEEV replication, we over-expressed IKKβ in cells and observed an increase in viral titers. In contrast, studies carried out using IKKβ(-/-) cells demonstrated a decrease in VEEV replication. In vivo studies demonstrated that inhibitor treatment of TC-83 infected mice increased their survival. Finally, proteomics studies have revealed that IKKβ may interact with the viral protein nsP3. In conclusion, our studies have revealed that the host IKKβ protein may be critically involved in VEEV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushimi Amaya
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Voss
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Gavin Sampey
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Svetlana Senina
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Cynthia de la Fuente
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Claudius Mueller
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Personalized Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Valerie Calvert
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Personalized Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Calvin Carpenter
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Charles Bailey
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Personalized Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aarthi Narayanan
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Papademetrio DL, Trabucchi A, Cavaliere V, Ricco R, Costantino S, Wagner ML, Álvarez E. The catechin flavonoid reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis of murine lymphoma cells LB02 through modulation of antiapoptotic proteins. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2013005000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nuclear factor-κB modulates osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells through competition with β-catenin signaling in inflammatory microenvironments. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e510. [PMID: 23449446 PMCID: PMC3734811 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation can influence multipotency and self-renewal of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), resulting in their awakened bone-regeneration ability. Human periodontal ligament tissue-derived MSCs (PDLSCs) have been isolated, and their differentiation potential was found to be defective due to β-catenin signaling indirectly regulated by inflammatory microenvironments. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is well studied in inflammation by many different groups. The role of NF-κB needs to be studied in PDLSCs, although genetic evidences have recently shown that NF-κB inhibits osteoblastic bone formation in mice. However, the mechanism as to how inflammation leads to the modulation of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling remains unclear. In this study, we investigated β-catenin and NF-κB signaling through regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β activity (GSK-3β, which modulates β-catenin and NF-κB signaling) using a specific inhibitor LiCl and a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY 294002. We identified that NF-κB signaling might be more important for the regulation of osteogenesis in PDLSCs from periodontitis compared with β-catenin. BAY 11-7082 (an inhibitor of NF-κB) could inhibit phosphorylation of p65 and partly rescue the differentiation potential of PDLSCs in inflammation. Our data indicate that NF-κB has a central role in regulating osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in inflammatory microenvironments. Given the molecular mechanisms of NF-κB in osteogenic differentiation governed by inflammation, it can be said that NF-κB helps in improving stem cell-mediated inflammatory bone disease therapy.
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Sui H, Fan ZZ, Li Q. Signal transduction pathways and transcriptional mechanisms of ABCB1/Pgp-mediated multiple drug resistance in human cancer cells. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:426-35. [PMID: 22613403 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple drug resistance (MDR), defined as the ability of tumour cells to survive exposure to many chemotherapeutic agents, is a major cause of treatment failure in human cancers. The membrane transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp, encoded by the ABCB1 [adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette, subfamily B, member 1] gene) is the main mechanism for decreased intracellular drug accumulation in human MDR cancer. ABCB1/Pgp-mediated MDR involves several signal transduction pathways and transcription factors. Activation of these signal transduction pathways influences the prognosis of MDR human cancer. Signalling pathways involved in ABCB1/Pgp-mediated MDR include the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase, phosphatidylino sitol 3-kinase and protein kinase C signalling pathways. This review summarizes the biological characteristics, target points and signalling cascade mediators of these pathways. Drugs targeted against these pathways may provide new therapies for treatment of ABCB1/Pgp-mediated MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sui
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Diez B, Ernst G, Teijo MJ, Batlle A, Hajos S, Fukuda H. Combined chemotherapy and ALA-based photodynamic therapy in leukemic murine cells. Leuk Res 2012; 36:1179-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sutcliffe EL, Li J, Zafar A, Hardy K, Ghildyal R, McCuaig R, Norris NC, Lim PS, Milburn PJ, Casarotto MG, Denyer G, Rao S. Chromatinized Protein Kinase C-θ: Can It Escape the Clutches of NF-κB? Front Immunol 2012; 3:260. [PMID: 22969762 PMCID: PMC3428636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently provided the first description of a nuclear mechanism used by Protein Kinase C-theta (PKC-θ) to mediate T cell gene expression. In this mode, PKC-θ tethers to chromatin to form an active nuclear complex by interacting with proteins including RNA polymerase II, the histone kinase MSK-1, the demethylase LSD1, and the adaptor molecule 14-3-3ζ at regulatory regions of inducible immune response genes. Moreover, our genome-wide analysis identified many novel PKC-θ target genes and microRNAs implicated in T cell development, differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. We have expanded our ChIP-on-chip analysis and have now identified a transcription factor motif containing NF-κB binding sites that may facilitate recruitment of PKC-θ to chromatin at coding genes. Furthermore, NF-κB association with chromatin appears to be a prerequisite for the assembly of the PKC-θ active complex. In contrast, a distinct NF-κB-containing module appears to operate at PKC-θ targeted microRNA genes, and here NF-κB negatively regulates microRNA gene transcription. Our efforts are also focusing on distinguishing between the nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of PKCs to ascertain how these kinases may synergize their roles as both cytoplasmic signaling proteins and their functions on the chromatin template, together enabling rapid induction of eukaryotic genes. We have identified an alternative sequence within PKC-θ that appears to be important for nuclear translocation of this kinase. Understanding the molecular mechanisms used by signal transduction kinases to elicit specific and distinct transcriptional programs in T cells will enable scientists to refine current therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa L Sutcliffe
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of Canberra Canberra, ACT, Australia
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BAY 11-7082 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity against multiple targets. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:416036. [PMID: 22745523 PMCID: PMC3382285 DOI: 10.1155/2012/416036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BAY 11-7082 (BAY) is an inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) that has pharmacological activities that include anticancer, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, BAY-pharmacological target pathways were further characterized to determine how this compound simultaneously suppresses various responses. Primary and cancerous (RAW264.7 cells) macrophages were activated by lipopolysaccharide, a ligand of toll-like receptor 4. As reported previously, BAY strongly suppressed the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor-α and reduced the translocation of p65, major subunit of nuclear factor-κB, and its upstream signaling events such as phosphorylation of IκBα, IKK, and Akt. In addition, BAY also suppressed the translocation and activation of activator protein-1, interferon regulatory factor-3, and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 by inhibiting the phosphorylation or activation of extracellular signal-related kinase, p38, TANK-binding protein, and Janus kinase-2. These data strongly suggest that BAY is an inhibitor with multiple targets and could serve as a lead compound in developing strong anti-inflammatory drugs with multiple targets in inflammatory responses.
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Kondratyuk TP, Park EJ, Yu R, van Breemen RB, Asolkar RN, Murphy BT, Fenical W, Pezzuto JM. Novel marine phenazines as potential cancer chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory agents. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:451-464. [PMID: 22412812 PMCID: PMC3297008 DOI: 10.3390/md10020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new (1 and 2) and one known phenazine derivative (lavanducyanin, 3) were isolated and identified from the fermentation broth of a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. (strain CNS284). In mammalian cell culture studies, compounds 1, 2 and 3 inhibited TNF-α-induced NFκB activity (IC50 values of 4.1, 24.2, and 16.3 μM, respectively) and LPS-induced nitric oxide production (IC50 values of >48.6, 15.1, and 8.0 μM, respectively). PGE2 production was blocked with greater efficacy (IC50 values of 7.5, 0.89, and 0.63 μM, respectively), possibly due to inhibition of cyclooxygenases in addition to the expression of COX-2. Treatment of cultured HL-60 cells led to dose-dependent accumulation in the subG1 compartment of the cell cycle, as a result of apoptosis. These data provide greater insight on the biological potential of phenazine derivatives, and some guidance on how various substituents may alter potential anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/metabolism
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/isolation & purification
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/metabolism
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/chemistry
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/isolation & purification
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/metabolism
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Aquatic Organisms/metabolism
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Drug Discovery
- Fermentation
- G1 Phase/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice
- Phenazines/chemistry
- Phenazines/isolation & purification
- Phenazines/metabolism
- Phenazines/pharmacology
- Streptomyces/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara P. Kondratyuk
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (T.P.K.); (E.-J.P.)
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (T.P.K.); (E.-J.P.)
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.Y.); (R.B.B.); (B.T.M.)
| | - Richard B. van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.Y.); (R.B.B.); (B.T.M.)
| | - Ratnakar N. Asolkar
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.N.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Brian T. Murphy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.Y.); (R.B.B.); (B.T.M.)
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.N.A.); (W.F.)
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (R.N.A.); (W.F.)
| | - John M. Pezzuto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (T.P.K.); (E.-J.P.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +1-808-933-2909; Fax: +1-808-933-2981
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Wei M, Zhu L, Li Y, Chen W, Han B, Wang Z, He J, Yao H, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Liu B, Gu Q, Zhu Z, Shen K. Knocking down cyclin D1b inhibits breast cancer cell growth and suppresses tumor development in a breast cancer model. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1537-44. [PMID: 21521417 PMCID: PMC11158666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.01969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is aberrantly expressed in many types of cancers, including breast cancer. High levels of cyclin D1b, the truncated isoform of cyclin D1, have been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis for breast cancer patients. In the present study, we used siRNA to target cyclin D1b overexpression and assessed its ability to suppress breast cancer growth in nude mice. Cyclin D1b siRNA effectively inhibited overexpression of cyclin D1b. Depletion of cyclin D1b promoted apoptosis of cyclin D1b-overexpressing cells and blocked their proliferation and transformation phenotypes. Notably, cyclin D1b overexpression is correlated with triple-negative basal-like breast cancers, which lack specific therapeutic targets. Administration of cyclin D1b siRNA inhibited breast tumor growth in nude mice and cyclin D1b siRNA synergistically enhanced the cell killing effects of doxorubicin in cell culture, with this combination significantly suppressing tumor growth in the mouse model. In conclusion, the results indicate that cyclin D1b, which is overexpressed in breast cancer, may serve as a novel and effective therapeutic target. More importantly, the present study clearly demonstrated a very promising therapeutic potential for cyclin D1b siRNA in the treatment of cyclin D1b-overexpressing breast cancers, including the very malignant triple-negative breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Key Laboratory of Shanghai Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Eijo G, Zárate S, Jaita G, Ferraris J, Magri ML, Zaldivar V, Radl D, Boti V, Pisera D, Seilicovich A. Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B sensitises anterior pituitary cells to tumour necrosis factor-α- and lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. J Neuroendocrinol 2011; 23:651-9. [PMID: 21564349 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an important pro-inflammatory factor, is a crucial regulator of cell survival. Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α activate NF-κB signalling. Oestrogens were shown to suppress NF-κB activation. Oestrogens exert a sensitising action to pro-apoptotic stimuli such as LPS and TNF-α in anterior pituitary cells. In the present study, we show by western blotting that 17β-oestradiol (E(2)) decreases TNF-α-induced NF-κB/p65 and p50 nuclear translocation in primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from ovariectomised (OVX) rats. Also, the in vivo administration of E(2) decreases LPS-induced NF-κB/p65 and p50 nuclear translocation. To investigate whether the inhibition of NF-κB pathway sensitises anterior pituitary cells to pro-apoptotic stimuli, we used an inhibitor of NF-κB activity, BAY 11-7082 (BAY). BAY, at a concentration that fails to induce apoptosis, has permissive action on TNF-α-induced apoptosis of lactotrophs and somatotrophs from OVX rats, as assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB signalling enhances E(2)-sensitising effect to TNF-α-induced apoptosis in lactotrophs but not in somatotrophs. In vivo administration of BAY allowed LPS-induced apoptosis in anterior pituitary cells from OVX rats (determined by fluorescence activated cell sorting). Furthermore, LPS-induced expression of Bcl-xL in pituitaries of OVX rats is decreased by E(2) administration. Our results show that inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway sensitises anterior pituitary cells to the pro-apoptotic action of LPS and TNF-α. Because E(2) inhibits LPS- and TNF-α-activated NF-κB nuclear translocation, the present study suggests that E(2) sensitises anterior pituitary cells to TNF-α- and LPS-induced apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Eijo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cho WC, Kwan CK, Yau S, So PP, Poon PC, Au JS. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 15:1127-37. [PMID: 21751938 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.599801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is reported that cancer may arise in chronically inflamed tissue. There is mounting evidence suggesting that the connection between inflammation and lung cancer is not coincidental but may indeed be causal. The inflammatory molecules may be responsible for augmented macrophage recruitment, delayed neutrophil clearance and an increase in reactive oxygen species. The cytokines and growth factors unusually produced in chronic pulmonary disorders have been found to have harmful properties that pave the way for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor microenvironment. However, the role of inflammation in lung cancer is not yet fully understood. AREAS COVERED The role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and some of the possible mechanisms involved, with particular focus on inflammatory mediators, genetic and epigenetic alterations, inflammatory markers, tumor microenvironment and anti-inflammatory drugs are discussed. A framework for understanding the connection between inflammation and lung cancer is provided, which may afford the opportunity to intercede in specific inflammatory damage mediating lung carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. EXPERT OPINION Advances in tumor immunology support the clinical implementation of immunotherapies for lung cancer. Along with therapeutic benefits, immunotherapy presents the challenges of drug-related toxicities. Gene modification of immunocytokine may lower the associated toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Cs Cho
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Clinical Oncology, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Shah A, Verma AS, Patel KH, Noel R, Rivera-Amill V, Silverstein PS, Chaudhary S, Bhat HK, Stamatatos L, Singh DP, Buch S, Kumar A. HIV-1 gp120 induces expression of IL-6 through a nuclear factor-kappa B-dependent mechanism: suppression by gp120 specific small interfering RNA. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21261. [PMID: 21712995 PMCID: PMC3119684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its role in virus entry, HIV-1 gp120 has also been implicated in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for gp120-mediated neuroinflammation remain undefined. In view of increased levels of IL-6 in HIV-positive individuals with neurological manifestations, we sought to address whether gp120 is involved in IL-6 over-expression in astrocytes. Transfection of a human astrocyte cell line with a plasmid encoding gp120 resulted in increased expression of IL-6 at the levels of mRNA and protein by 51.3±2.1 and 11.6±2.2 fold respectively; this effect of gp120 on IL-6 expression was also demonstrated using primary human fetal astrocytes. A similar effect on IL-6 expression was observed when primary astrocytes were treated with gp120 protein derived from different strains of X4 and R5 tropic HIV-1. The induction of IL-6 could be abrogated by use of gp120-specific siRNA. Furthermore, this study showed that the NF-κB pathway is involved in gp120-mediated IL-6 over-expression, as IKK-2 and IKKβ inhibitors inhibited IL-6 expression by 56.5% and 60.8%, respectively. These results were also confirmed through the use of NF-κB specific siRNA. We also showed that gp120 could increase the phosphorylation of IκBα. Furthermore, gp120 transfection in the SVGA cells increased translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nucleus. These results demonstrate that HIV-1 gp120-mediated over-expression of IL-6 in astrocytes is one mechanism responsible for neuroinflammation in HIV-infected individuals and this is mediated by the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Shah
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ashish S. Verma
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kalpeshkumar H. Patel
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | | | - Peter S. Silverstein
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | - Hari K. Bhat
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Leonidas Stamatatos
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dhirendra P. Singh
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Shilpa Buch
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Anil Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wilczynski J, Duechler M, Czyz M. Targeting NF-κB and HIF-1 pathways for the treatment of cancer: part I. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2011; 59:289-99. [PMID: 21625848 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-011-0131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The process of chronic inflammation is a common link which connects different kinds of environmental pollutants and infections with tumorigenesis. Transcription factor NF-κB is a common final target for many inflammatory and cell proliferation pathways, independent of the source of stimuli (e.g., cytokines, growth factors, environmental carcinogens, radiation, hypoxia, bacteria, and viruses). Over-activation of NF-κB has been confirmed in many tumors, resulting in worse prognosis for patient survival. Therefore, inhibition of cellular pathways for NF-κB activation is nowadays considered as a promising anti-cancer therapy and is extensively studied in clinical trials, or even has been adopted as an approved therapy in some kinds of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wilczynski
- "Polish Mother's Health Center" Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.
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