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Couto-Santos F, Guimarães-Ervilha LO, Carvalho RPR, Bastos DSS, Souza ACF, da Silva RC, de Oliveira LL, de Oliveira JA, Machado-Neves M. Impact of Early Arsenic Exposure on the Mineral Content and Oxidative Status of the Liver and Kidney of Pubescent and Adult Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1644-1655. [PMID: 37495827 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of prepubertal arsenic exposure in the liver and kidney of pubescent rats and their reversibility 30 days after arsenic withdrawal. Male pups of Wistar rats (21 days old) were divided into two groups (n = 20/group): control animals received filtered water, and exposed rats received 10 mg L-1 arsenic from postnatal day (PND) 21 to PND 51. The liver and kidney of 52 days old rats (n = 10/group) were examined to investigate the effects of arsenic on micromineral content, antioxidant enzyme activity, histology, and biochemistry parameters. The other animals were kept alive under free arsenic conditions until 82 days old and further analyzed by the same parameters. Our results revealed that 52-day-old rats increased arsenic content in their liver and arsenic and manganese in their kidney. In those animals, glycogen and zinc content and catalase activity were reduced in the liver, and the selenium content decreased in the kidney. Thirty days later, arsenic reduced the manganese and iron content and SOD and CAT activity in the liver of 82-day-old rats previously exposed to arsenic, while glycogen and selenium content decreased in their kidney. In contrast, PND 82 rats exhibited higher retention of copper in the liver, an increase in iron and copper content, and CAT and GST activity in the kidney. Significant histological alterations of liver and kidney tissues were not observed in rats of both ages. We conclude that arsenic-induced toxicity could alter differently the oxidative status and balance of trace elements in pubertal and adult rats, demonstrating that the metalloid can cause effects in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Couto-Santos
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Otávio Guimarães-Ervilha
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Renner Philipe Rodrigues Carvalho
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Silva Sena Bastos
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Ferreira Souza
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
- Departmento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renê Chagas da Silva
- Departmento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Juraci Alves de Oliveira
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, DBG, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Rosendo GBO, Ferreira RLU, Aquino SLS, Barbosa F, Pedrosa LFC. Glycemic Changes Related to Arsenic Exposure: An Overview of Animal and Human Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:665. [PMID: 38474793 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) is a risk factor associated with glycemic alterations. However, the mechanisms of action and metabolic aspects associated with changes in glycemic profiles have not yet been completely elucidated. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to investigate the metabolic aspects of As and its mechanism of action associated with glycemic changes. METHODS We searched the PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published in English. A combination of free text and medical subject heading keywords and search terms was used to construct search equations. The search yielded 466 articles; however, only 50 were included in the review. RESULTS We observed that the relationship between As exposure and glycemic alterations in humans may be associated with sex, smoking status, body mass index, age, occupation, and genetic factors. The main mechanisms of action associated with changes induced by exposure to As in the glycemic profile identified in animals are increased oxidative stress, reduced expression of glucose transporter type 4, induction of inflammatory factor expression and dysfunction of pancreatic β cells. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, As exposure may be associated with glycemic alterations according to inter-individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Séphora Louyse Silva Aquino
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
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3
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Warsneski A, Bitschinski D, Rutkoski CF, Israel NG, Pereira Gonçalves GH, Lã L, Guerreiro F, Menta Giasson LO, Coelho de Albuquerque CA, Hasckel RP, Barbosa da Silva E, Alves TC, Alves de Almeida E. Fungicides from rice cultivation (tebuconazole and azoxystrobin) alters biochemical and histological markers of hammertoad tadpoles (Boanafaber). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122900. [PMID: 37952920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (TBZ) and azoxystrobin (AZX) are fungicides frequently used in rice cultivation. Despite protecting crops against fungal diseases, these compounds can contaminate the natural environments close to the crops, exerting negative effects on non-target organisms, the present study aimed to characterize the contamination by fungicides of a river that flows in an area dominated by rice cultivation in the north of the state of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil. Concentrations of TBZ and AZX found in the field were used to evaluate their negative effects on development, biochemical biomarkers and histopatology of the liver of a native tadpole species, the hammerfrog (Boana faber). Tadpoles were exposed for 16 days to the lowest (1.20 μg/L) and highest (2.60 μg/L) concentration of TBZ, lowest (0.70 μg/L) and highest (1.60 μg/L) concentration of AZX, and the mix of both fungicides at lowest and highest concentration of each found in field analyses. Exposure to the lower TBZ concentration and both concentrations of the Mix accelerated the development of tadpoles. AZX caused an increase in the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CbE) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in the liver, an increase in the levels of protein carbonyls (PC) in the liver and an increase in the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in muscle of tadpoles. TBZ, on the other hand, generated an increase in GST, G6PDH, PC and histopathological severity scores in liver and in muscle AChE activity. The effects were more intense in the groups exposed to the Mix of contaminants. No treatment altered brain AChE. The data showed that the fungicides from in rice cultivation found in natural aquatic environments around the crops pose risks to the health of the animals, compromising their metabolism and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Warsneski
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiane Bitschinski
- Biodiversity Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila Fátima Rutkoski
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Grasmuk Israel
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luiza Lã
- Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernando Guerreiro
- Biodiversity Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Thiago Caíque Alves
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil; Biodiversity Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil; Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
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4
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Chen X, Wu F, Chen C, Ren Q, Zhang A. Ginkgo Biloba Extract Can Antagonize Subchronic Arsenite Exposure-Induced Hepatocyte Senescence by Inhibiting Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04021-3. [PMID: 38110608 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that long-term arsenic exposure can induce liver injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that liver injury occurs in arsenic-poisoning patients and arsenic-exposed rats. However, therapeutic targets are still unclear, and there is a lack of effective drugs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium arsenite (arsenite) exposure on hepatocyte senescence and the intervention effect of ginkgo biloba extract in rats. In this study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 180-200 g) were randomized into three groups. The control group received a normal diet, and the arsenic-exposed group was given 10 mg/L arsenite for 3 months by free drinking along with a normal diet. The ginkgo biloba extract treatment group was consecutively administered EGb761 (10 mg/kg, by gavage) for 1 month following 2 months of arsenite exposure. Our results showed that exposure to 10 mg/L arsenite induced narrowing of the hepatic sinus space, enlargement of hepatocytes, and increased multinucleated hepatocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration in rat liver tissue compared with the normal control group. Moreover, 10 mg/L arsenite also caused abnormal expression of inflammation-related indices (IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-α), oxidative damage-related indices (SOD, MDA, GPx), and senescence-related proteins (p16, p-p53, E2F1). EGb761 could effectively reduce the pathological damage of liver tissue and antagonize the abnormal expression of liver tissue inflammation and oxidative damage-related indices as well as cellular senescence-related proteins caused by arsenite exposure. Notably, EGb761 reduced the accumulation of arsenic in rat liver tissues. These results suggested that EGb761 could effectively alleviate subchronic arsenic exposure-induced senescence of hepatocytes, which may be achieved partially through inhibiting inflammation and oxidative damage in rats. This study may provide a new therapeutic target for arsenic-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Fan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qian Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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5
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Coimbra JLP, Dantas GDPF, de Andrade LM, Brener MRG, Viana PIM, Lopes RA, O G Gontijo D, Ervilha LOG, Assis MQ, Barcelos LS, E Szawka R, Damasceno DC, Machado-Neves M, Mota AP, Costa GMJ. Gold nanoparticle intratesticular injections as a potential animal sterilization tool: Long-term reproductive and toxicological implications. Toxicology 2023; 492:153543. [PMID: 37150288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) animal sterilizing potential after intratesticular injections and long-term adverse reproductive and systemic effects. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into control and gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) groups. The rats received 200µL of saline or AuNPs solution (16µg/mL) on experimental days 1 and 7 (ED1 and ED7). After 150 days, the testicular blood flow was measured, and the rats were mated with females. After mating, male animals were euthanized for histological, cellular, and molecular evaluations. The female fertility indices and fetal development were also recorded. The results indicated increased blood flow in the testes of treated animals. Testes from treated rats had histological abnormalities, shorter seminiferous epithelia, and oxidative stress. Although the sperm concentration was lower in the AuNP-treated rats, there were no alterations in sperm morphology. Animals exposed to AuNPs had decreased male fertility indices, and their offspring had lighter and less efficient placentas. Additionally, the anogenital distance was longer in female fetuses. There were no changes in the histology of the kidney and liver, the lipid profile, and the serum levels of LH, testosterone, AST, ALT, ALP, albumin, and creatinine. The primary systemic effect was an increase in MDA levels in the liver and kidney, with only the liver experiencing an increase in CAT activity. In conclusion, AuNPs have a long-term impact on reproduction with very slight alterations in animal health. The development of reproductive biotechnologies that eliminate germ cells or treat local cancers can benefit from using AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L P Coimbra
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Graziela de P F Dantas
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lídia M de Andrade
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, ICEX/UFMG, Nanobiomedical Research Group, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos R G Brener
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro I M Viana
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberta A Lopes
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniele O G Gontijo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz O G Ervilha
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Toxicology, Department of General Biology, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Mirian Q Assis
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Toxicology, Department of General Biology, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciola S Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Raphael E Szawka
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course of Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, Unesp
| | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Toxicology, Department of General Biology, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana P Mota
- Clinical Hematology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M J Costa
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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6
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Panda SK, Kumar D, Jena GR, Patra RC, Panda SK, Sethy K, Mishra SK, Swain BK, Naik PK, Beura CK, Panda B. Hepatorenal Toxicity of Inorganic Arsenic in White Pekin Ducks and Its Amelioration by Using Ginger. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2471-2490. [PMID: 35723853 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid arsenic is known to cause liver and kidney injury in many humans and animals. The goal of this paper was to exemplify the antagonism of ginger against arsenic (As)-induced hepato-renal toxicity. In addition, the pathways Nrf2/Keap1 and NF/κB were studied to reveal the molecular mechanism of the stress. One hundred twenty 7-day-old White Pekin ducks were randomly allocated into five groups, having 24 birds in each. Each group contained three replicates having 8 birds in each replicate and maintained for 90 days. The groups were as follows: T-1 [control-basal diet with normal water], T-2 [T1 + As at 28 ppm/L of water], T-3 [T2 + ginger powder at 100 mg/kg feed], T-4 [T2 + ginger powder at 300 mg/kg feed], and T-5 [T2 + ginger powder at 1 g/kg feed]. It was observed that there was a significant increase in oxidative parameters whereas a significant decrease in antioxidant parameters in hepato-renal tissues in T-2. The exposure to As not only decreased the mRNA expression of antioxidant parameters like Nrf2, SOD-1, CAT, GPX, and HO-1and anti-inflammatory markers like IL-4 and IL-10 but also increased the m-RNA expression of NF-κB, Keap-1 and pro-inflammatory markers like IL-2, Il-6, IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α. There was also an accumulation of As in hepatic and renal tissue, confirmed by residual analysis of these tissues. By correlating the above parameters, As at 28 ppm showed significant toxic effects, and ginger powder at 1 g/kg feed effectively counteracted the toxic effects of As in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Panda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India.
| | - Dhirendra Kumar
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Geeta Rani Jena
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Patra
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Susen Kumar Panda
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Kamdev Sethy
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Surya Kant Mishra
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Bijaya Kumar Swain
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Naik
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Chandra Kant Beura
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Panda
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
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7
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Ivnitsky JJ, Schäfer TV, Rejniuk VL, Golovko AI. Endogenous humoral determinants of vascular endothelial dysfunction as triggers of acute poisoning complications. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:47-65. [PMID: 35258106 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is not only the semipermeable membrane that separates tissue from blood but also an organ that regulates inflammation, vascular tone, blood clotting, angiogenesis and synthesis of connective tissue proteins. It is susceptible to the direct cytotoxic action of numerous xenobiotics and to the acute hypoxia that accompanies acute poisoning. This damage is superimposed on the preformed state of the vascular endothelium, which, in turn, depends on many humoral factors. The probability that an exogenous toxicant will cause life-threatening dysfunction of the vascular endothelium, thereby complicating the course of acute poisoning, increases with an increase in the content of endogenous substances in the blood that disrupt endothelial function. These include ammonia, bacterial endotoxin, indoxyl sulfate, para-cresyl sulfate, trimethylamine N-oxide, asymmetric dimethylarginine, glucose, homocysteine, low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins, free fatty acids and products of intravascular haemolysis. Some other endogenous substances (albumin, haptoglobin, haemopexin, biliverdin, bilirubin, tetrahydrobiopterin) or food-derived compounds (ascorbic acid, rutin, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.) reduce the risk of lethal vascular endothelial dysfunction. The individual variability of the content of these substances in the blood contributes to the stochasticity of the complications of acute poisoning and is a promising target for the risk reduction measures. Another feasible option may be the repositioning of drugs that affect the function of the vascular endothelium while being currently used for other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jury Ju Ivnitsky
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Timur V Schäfer
- State Scientific Research Test Institute of the Military Medicine of Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir L Rejniuk
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr I Golovko
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Liu S, Wang Z, Xiang Q, Wu B, Lv W, Xu S. A comparative study in healthy and diabetic mice followed the exposure of polystyrene microplastics: Differential lipid metabolism and inflammation reaction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114031. [PMID: 36087466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to microplastics (MPs) continues to occur due to ingestion of contaminated food, water and air. Intake of MPs can pose potential health risks by interfering with the production and circulation of nutrients, leading to physiological stress (such as immune responses and metabolic abnormalities). Toxicity data of MPs based on healthy individuals may not be applicable to large populations of patients with chronic diseases represented by diabetes. Therefore, in this study, the response of diabetic mice was compared with that of healthy mice after exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), and interesting differences were observed. PS-MPs exposure significantly increased liver tissue damage, abnormal lipid metabolism, inflammatory effect, liver metabolic disorder and changes of intestinal microbial composition in diabetic mice. Moreover, PS-MPs overstated abnormal lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. The difference between the increased inflammation after exposure to PS-MPs in healthy and diabetic mice involves that the former is mainly modulated by gut microbes, while diabetic mice seem to be more susceptible to lipid metabolism disturbances. In addition, the size effect of MPs was also observed in diabetic mice. These results suggested that individuals with chronic diseases may be more sensitive to pollution due to altered homeostasis, and therefore disease status should be fully considered when assessing the health risk of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wang Lv
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shimin Xu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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9
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Zhou X, Feng Y, Gong Z. Associations between lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic exposure and alanine aminotransferase elevation in the general adult population: an exposure-response analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:53633-53641. [PMID: 35292896 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic are among the most toxic environmental contaminants. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is the most common liver biomarker. This analysis aimed to explore the associations between blood cadmium, lead, mercury, urinary total arsenic, and dimethylarsinic acid and ALT elevation in adults. Data were extracted from 5 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (NHANES) 2007-2016. Patients with chronic viral hepatitis and excessive alcohol consumption were excluded. ALT elevation was defined according to the 2017 American College of Gastroenterology Clinical Guideline. Logistic models and restricted cubic splines were adopted to assess the exposure-response relationships. Comparing the highest to lowest quintile of exposure, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of ALT elevation were 1.38 (1.07-1.78) for blood lead (Pfor trend = 0.01), 1.37 (1.16-1.62) for blood mercury (Pfor trend < 0.01), 0.94 (0.78-1.14) for blood cadmium (Pfor trend = 0.64), 1.07 (0.79-1.45) for urinary total arsenic (Pfor trend = 0.81), and 1.25 (0.94-1.66) for urinary dimethylarsinic acid (Pfor trend = 0.18). The associations between blood lead and mercury and ALT elevation were only observed in women. In addition, the associations between urinary total arsenic [1.53 (1.02-2.29), Pfor trend = 0.02] and dimethylarsinic acid [2.17 (1.05-4.49), Pfor trend = 0.02] and ALT elevation were also observed in women. Dose-response analysis showed that there was no safe exposure threshold of blood lead and mercury's toxic effect on ALT elevation, respectively. In conclusion, lead, mercury and arsenic were associated with ALT elevation in adults, and the associations were mainly observed in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Center Office, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijun Feng
- Department of Center Office, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Nursing, Zhouzhuang People's Hospital, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 567, South Tongcheng Road, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zonglin Gong
- Department of Center Office, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
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10
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High doses of eugenol cause structural and functional damage to the rat liver. Life Sci 2022; 304:120696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rahaman MS, Rahman MM, Mise N, Sikder MT, Ichihara G, Uddin MK, Kurasaki M, Ichihara S. Environmental arsenic exposure and its contribution to human diseases, toxicity mechanism and management. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117940. [PMID: 34426183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-recognized environmental contaminant that occurs naturally through geogenic processes in the aquifer. More than 200 million people around the world are potentially exposed to the elevated level of arsenic mostly from Asia and Latin America. Many adverse health effects including skin diseases (i.e., arsenicosis, hyperkeratosis, pigmentation changes), carcinogenesis, and neurological diseases have been reported due to arsenic exposure. In addition, arsenic has recently been shown to contribute to the onset of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced diabetes are pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death, impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance and reduced cellular glucose transport. Whereas, the most proposed mechanisms of arsenic-induced hypertension are oxidative stress, disruption of nitric oxide signaling, altered vascular response to neurotransmitters and impaired vascular muscle calcium (Ca2+) signaling, damage of renal, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). However, the contributions of arsenic exposure to non-communicable diseases are complex and multifaceted, and little information is available about the molecular mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced non-communicable diseases and also no suitable therapeutic target identified yet. Therefore, in the future, more basic research is necessary to identify the appropriate therapeutic target for the treatment and management of arsenic-induced non-communicable diseases. Several reports demonstrated that a daily balanced diet with proper nutrient supplements (vitamins, micronutrients, natural antioxidants) has shown effective to reduce the damages caused by arsenic exposure. Arsenic detoxication through natural compounds or nutraceuticals is considered a cost-effective treatment/management and researchers should focus on these alternative options. This review paper explores the scenarios of arsenic contamination in groundwater with an emphasis on public health concerns. It also demonstrated arsenic sources, biogeochemistry, toxicity mechanisms with therapeutic targets, arsenic exposure-related human diseases, and onsets of cardiovascular diseases as well as feasible management options for arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shiblur Rahaman
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan; Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Nathan Mise
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Md Khabir Uddin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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12
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Wu S, Rao G, Wang R, Pang Q, Zhang X, Huang R, Li T, Tang Z, Hu L. The neuroprotective effect of curcumin against ATO triggered neurotoxicity through Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathway in the brain of ducks. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112965. [PMID: 34775344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has confirmed as a global pollutant, the toxic effect of which was not fully understood and lack effective therapies to against its associated toxicities. Curcumin (Cur) is a beneficial natural pigment for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this paper was to illustrate the antagonism of Cur against ATO-induced neurotoxicity. A total of 40 ducks were divided randomly into 4 groups and conducted via bite and sup for 28 days: control group (Control); 2 mg/kg ATO group (Low ATO); 4 mg/kg ATO group (Middle ATO); 8 mg/kg ATO group (High ATO); 400 mg/kg Cur group + 8 mg/kg ATO (Cur+ATO). The results showed that ATO exposure can hinder the duck growth and arsenic element accumulation rate increased in a dose-dependent manner. We observed neuronal shrinkage and vacuolize of HE staining in the ATO-treated group. In addition, SOD activity and T-AOC level reduced while MDA content increased in the ATO-exposed group. ATO exposure can decrease the expression of anti-oxidation related mRNA and proteins (Nrf2, SOD-1, GPX-1, CAT, Trx and HO-1) and anti-inflammatory makers (IL-4, IL-10), increased the expression of Keap1, NF-κB and pro-inflammatory makers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-2, IL-6, INOS and COX-2). ATO treated might cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage through degradation of the tight junction proteins (TJs) occludin and ZO-1. Importantly, the experimental results also showed that Cur can alleviate oxidative stress, inflammatory response and BBB injury caused by ATO exposure through Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathway. The results suggested Cur exerted as a food additive and provided novel potential benefits of ATO toxicology in inflammation of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Gan Rao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qiling Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Garla R, Sharma N, Kaushal N, Garg ML. Effect of Zinc on Hepatic and Renal Tissues of Chronically Arsenic Exposed Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4237-4250. [PMID: 33389622 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of arsenic-contaminated drinking water has become major global health concern. One of the major mechanism responsible for the toxicity of arsenicals is the generation of oxidative stress. Zinc, a nutritional antioxidant, plays key role in maintaining various cellular pathways. The present study was aimed at elucidating the effects of zinc supplementation on hepatic and renal tissue damage caused by arsenic exposure to rats. Rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: control; As administered; Zn supplemented; combined zinc; and arsenic supplemented. Arsenic exposure resulted in significantly elevated accumulation of arsenic in the liver and kidney tissue. In the liver, exposure to arsenic reduced the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), total glutathione (TG), redox ratio, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas lipid peroxidation (LPO), inflammation markers, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were elevated with no significant change in catalase (CAT) activity. Arsenic exposure also enhanced the serum levels of liver functional indices and histological abnormalities in liver sections. In the kidney, a significant increase in NO levels and decrease in SOD activity was observed, with no significant changes in the rest of the parameters. The administration of zinc- to arsenic-intoxicated animals significantly improved their hepatic function parameters, arsenic burden, and histological changes which were associated with the restoration of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system as compared to their intoxicated counterparts. In the kidney also, the NO levels and SOD activity were restored. This data reveals that zinc is effective in ameliorating the toxic effects inflicted by chronic arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roobee Garla
- Department of Biophysics, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Nikita Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Naveen Kaushal
- Department of Biophysics, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mohan Lal Garg
- Department of Biophysics, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Wu S, Zhong G, Wan F, Jiang X, Tang Z, Hu T, Rao G, Lan J, Hussain R, Tang L, Zhang H, Huang R, Hu L. Evaluation of toxic effects induced by arsenic trioxide or/and antimony on autophagy and apoptosis in testis of adult mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54647-54660. [PMID: 34014480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) and antimony (Sb) are well-known ubiquitous environmental contaminants and cause unpromising male reproductive effects in target and non-target exposed organisms. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ATO or/and Sb on process of autophagy, apoptosis, and reproductive organ in adult mice. For this reason, a total of 32 adult mice were randomly divided into different groups like control group, ATO-treated group, Sb-treated group, and combined group. The duration of current experimental trial was 2 months. Various adverse effects of ATO or/and Sb on sperm parameters, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were determined in testis of mice. Results indicated that parameters of sperm quality for organ coefficient, sperm count, ratio of sperm survival, testosterone level, and germ cells were significantly decreased, while malformation rate and vacuolization significantly increased in mice exposed to different treatments. Furthermore, the status of antioxidant index of T-AOC, SOD, and MsrB1 levels was reduced, while MDA increased significantly in ATO + Sb group. Results on TEM investigation determined that the autophagosomes, autolysosome, nuclear pyknosis, and chromatin condensation were prominent ailments, and the levels of autophagy and pro-apoptosis indictors including Beclin1, Atg-5, LC3B/LC3A, caspase-8, cytc, cleaved caspase-3, p53, and Bax were up-regulated in treated group, while the content of an anti-apoptosis maker (Bcl-2) was down-regulated. In conclusion, the results of our experiment suggested that abnormal process of autophagy and apoptosis was triggered by arsenic and antimony, and intensity of toxic effects increased in combined treatments of ATO and Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fang Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ting Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gan Rao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Juan Lan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Lixuan Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Riming Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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15
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Dong L, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhu K, Zou Z, Zhang A. Imbalanced inflammatory response in subchronic arsenic-induced liver injury and the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract in rats: Potential role of cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2073-2092. [PMID: 34251737 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-known environmental toxicant and carcinogen, which has been epidemiologically proved related to the increased hepatic disorders. Researches have shown that aseptic inflammation and abnormal immune response are associated with arsenic-induced liver injury. However, the immunotoxic effects of liver have not been extensively characterized. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), a natural products of G. biloba leaves with proven anti-inflammatory and potential immunoregulatory activities, was used as intervention agent to explore its protective effects on arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, the underlying mechanism of the immunotoxic effects on arsenic-induced liver injury were investigated in 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg NaAsO2 of Wistar rats for 16 weeks. Subsequently, GBE was used as intervention agent in 50 mg/kg for 6 weeks after cessation of arsenic exposure. The ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver were detected. Meanwhile, the notable activation of aseptic inflammation-related molecule TLR4 and its downstream targets MyD88 and NF-κB in the liver were observed. In this work, we confirmed that subchronic exposed to arsenic triggered the infiltration of inflammatory cells in rat liver, coupled with obvious histopathological changes and aberrant hepatic serum biochemical parameters. Meanwhile, imbalanced immune response was verified by the notable abnormal ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver of arsenic exposed rats. Further, the level of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in liver both transcription and translation activity were raised. Subsequently, GBE markedly mitigated arsenic-induced liver injury, most impressively, post treatment with GBE prominently suppressed the overactivated inflammatory-related TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and evidently decreased the secretion of inflammation cytokines. Meanwhile, the disturbance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response was reversed. We concluded that the disruption of pro- and anti-inflammatory T-cells balance caused by cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions may be one of the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver injury and that GBE intervention exerts an evidence protective effects, which might be closely associated with the suppression of inflammatory-related TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhonglan Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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16
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Freitas RMP, Linhares BS, Oliveira JM, Leite JPV, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Freitas MB. Tebuconazole-induced toxicity and the protective effect of Ficus carica extract in Neotropical fruit-eating bats. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129985. [PMID: 33640742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (TEB) is a triazole fungicide widely used in agriculture known to cause metabolic and endocrine disorders in mammals. Several plant extracts have shown to be beneficial against pesticide effects due to their hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As fruit bats play a critical role in rainforest regeneration and are constantly exposed to pesticides, we aimed at evaluating TEB-induced toxicity and the possible protective effect of the Ficus carica plant extract in Neotropical fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus). Bats were captured and assigned to 4 experimental groups, offered: 1) CTL (n = 6): papaya; 2) DMSO (n = 6): papaya treated with 1.25% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); 3) TEB (n = 6): papaya treated with tebuconazole (commercial formulation) 0.1%; and 4) TEBFC (n = 6): papaya treated with tebuconazole 0.1% and Ficus carica extract (20%) in DMSO (1.25%). After seven days of exposure, TEB bats showed increased lipid peroxidation, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, vascular congestion and inflammatory infiltrate in the liver, and increased serum transaminase enzyme activities. We found the same alterations in oxidative stress parameters in the breast muscles of TEB-exposed bats. In the testes, all oxidative stress markers were increased in TEB bats and corroborate findings of histopathological and increased serum testosterone levels observed following TEB exposure. The co-administration of the fungicide with the F. carica plant extract attenuated most oxidative stress markers in exposed bats' liver and testes and decreased liver damage, but failed to revert the steroid imbalance caused by the fungicide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M P Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Barbara S Linhares
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Jerusa M Oliveira
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Histology and Embryology Sector, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Arab YarMohammadi A, Arbabi Bidgoli S, Ziarati P. Increased urinary arsenic concentration in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus: a gender-independent, smoking-dependent exposure biomarker in older adults in Tehran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27769-27777. [PMID: 33517531 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is ranked in the top ten environmental toxicants but its impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its association with other human health effects is contradictory. We aimed in this study to compare the urinary arsenic concentration (u As) in older age adults (> 40 years) and their T2DM subgroup in an age and gender-matched case control study to find the association of u As with, diet, oxidative stress, smoking, anthropometric factors, and lifestyle in our study participants. Face-to-face interviews based on structured questionnaires were conducted on 200 female and male volunteers (100 cases and 100 control). Considering the exclusion criteria, u As concentration and serum biomarkers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase) of 30 newly diagnosed T2DM and 30 control were determined by ICP-mass analysis and ELISA reader respectively. Despite the similarities in sociodemographic, diet, and lifestyle factors in males and females and their T2DM subgroups, a 4 times difference in u As levels between T2DM (93.7 ng/L (32)) and their healthy counterparts (23.7 ng/L (2.3)) without meaningful associations with gender, age, BMI, diet, and lifestyle was observed. Mean u As concentration in total population of smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers ((119 ng/L vs. 22.5 ng/L (p = 0.03)) and oxidative stress markers were not significantly higher in T2DM smokers than non-smokers. Chronic arsenic exposure through smoking could be contributed to the incidence of T2DM in older age adults. Oxidative stress markers were not significantly increased in smoker subgroup compared with non-smokers but except smoking pattern, other variables did not affect u As concentration. Precautionary measure to reduce the exposure of people with this element is recommended to prevent the arsenic-induced T2DM in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Arab YarMohammadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences University (IAUTMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences University (IAUTMU), Dr. Shariati St., Gholhak, Yakhchal, Pharmaceutical Science Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Ziarati
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences University (IAUTMU), Tehran, Iran
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Al Aboud D, Baty RS, Alsharif KF, Hassan KE, Zhery AS, Habotta OA, Elmahallawy EK, Amin HK, Abdel Moneim AE, Kassab RB. Protective efficacy of thymoquinone or ebselen separately against arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6195-6206. [PMID: 32989703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure is associated with adverse health outcomes to the living organisms. In the present study, the hepato-protective ability of thymoquinone (TQ), the active principle of Nigella sativa seed, or ebselen (Eb), an organoselenium compound, against As intoxication in female rats was investigated. For this purpose, animals were allocated randomly into control, As (20 mg/kg), TQ (10 mg/kg), Eb (5 mg/kg), As+TQ, and As+Eb groups that were orally administered for 28 consecutive days. Arsenic exposure resulted in hepatic oxidative damage which was evidenced by marked decreases in antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione (GSH)) concomitant with high malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, As toxicity induced significant elevations in liver accumulation of As, serum hepatic indices (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB)), and apoptotic marker (B cell lymphoma 2(Bcl2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and caspase 3) levels. Additionally, notable increments in hepatic fibrotic markers (epidermal growth factor (EFG) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)) associated with high nitric oxide, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were noticed following As intoxication. Biochemical findings were well-supported by hepatic histopathological screening. The co-treatment of As-exposed rats with TQ or Eb considerably improved liver function and antioxidant status together with lessened hepatic As content, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. The overall outcomes demonstrated that TQ or Eb ameliorates As-induced liver injury through their favorable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and fibrolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifullah Al Aboud
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua S Baty
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed S Zhery
- Kasr Al-Eini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ehab K Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hatim K Amin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Rami B Kassab
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al Baha University, Almakhwah, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
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Effect of eugenol treatment in hyperglycemic murine models: A meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105315. [PMID: 33497803 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a highly prevalent health condition affecting many people worldwide. In vitro studies have described the positive effects of cloves and its major compound, eugenol, in the treatment of diabetes. However, it is unclear whether the effects of this compound are negative, neutral, or positive, on hyperglycemic animals. Therefore, a meta-analytical review was conducted to determine the magnitude of effects of eugenol on variables directly and indirectly related to diabetes. This study revealed that eugenol treatment decreased the glucose levels and the activity of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, ameliorated the lipid profile, and reduced the oxidative, renal, and hepatic damages in hyperglycemic rodents. Moreover, eugenol alleviated the weight loss and restored the activity of the antioxidant defense system. Insulin levels was not affected by eugenol treatment. Also, mixed model analyses revealed that the use of purified or non-purified eugenol and the concentrations administered significantly affected the treatment outcome. In conclusion, our findings indicate that eugenol may have potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of diabetes. Furthermore, this study can direct future preclinical and clinical trials, with important implications for human health.
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Destro ALF, Silva SB, Gregório KP, de Oliveira JM, Lozi AA, Zuanon JAS, Salaro AL, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Freitas MB. Effects of subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the herbicide atrazine in the Neotropical fish Astyanax altiparanae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111601. [PMID: 33396121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is among the most widely used herbicides in the world, and yet it has a potential to contaminate aquatic environments due to pesticide leaching from agricultural areas. In the Neotropical region, studies about the effects of this herbicide in native aquatic wildlife is scarce.Our study aimed at investigating the effects of a 30-day exposure to a commercial atrazine formulation on oxidative stress parameters, histopathology in testis and liver, and hormone levels in males and female of yellow-tailed tetra fish (Astyanax altiparanae). Adults were exposed to low but environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine as follows: 0 (CTL-control), 0.5 (ATZ0.5), 1 (ATZ1), 2 (ATZ2) and 10 (ATZ10) μg/L. Our results showed decreased GST activity in gills in all groups of exposed animals and increased CAT activity in gills from the ATZ10 group. In the liver, there was an increase in lipid peroxidation in fish from ATZ1 and ATZ2 groups. Histological analysis of the liver showed increased percentage of sinusoid capillaries in ATZ2 fish, increased vascular congestion in ATZ1 and increased leukocyte infiltration in the ATZ10 group. Hepatocyte diameter analysis revealed a decrease in cell size in all groups exposed to ATZ, and a decrease in hepatocyte nucleus diameter in ATZ1, ATZ2 and ATZ10 groups. Endocrine parameters did not show significant changes following ATZ exposure, although an increase of triiodothyronine/thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio was observed in ATZ2 fish. Our results provide evidence that even low, environmentally relevant concentrations of ATZ produced oxidative damage and histological alterations in adult yellow-tailed tetra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza F Destro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Stella B Silva
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kemilli P Gregório
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda A Lozi
- Department of Cellular and structural Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Salaro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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21
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Couto-Santos F, Souza ACF, Bastos DSS, Ervilha LOG, Dias FCR, Araújo LDS, Guimarães SEF, Oliveira LLD, Machado-Neves M. Prepubertal exposure to arsenic alters male reproductive parameters in pubertal and adult rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115304. [PMID: 33127376 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic induces reproductive disorders in pubertal males after prepubertal exposure. However, it is unclear the extent to which those effects remain in testis and epididymis of sexually mature rats after arsenic insult. This study evaluated the effects of prepubertal arsenic exposure in male organs of pubertal rats, and their reversibility in adult rats. Male pups of Wistar rats on postnatal day (PND) 21 were divided into two groups (n = 20/group): Control animals received filtered water and exposed rats received 10 mg L--1 arsenic from PND 21 to PND 51. At PND 52, testis and epididymis of ten animals per group were examined for toxic effects under morphological, functional, and molecular approaches. The other animals were kept alive under free arsenic conditions until PND 82, and further analyzed for the same parameters. Pubertal rats overexpressed mRNA levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSTK1, and MT1 in their testis and SOD1, CAT, and GSTK1 in their epididymis. In those organs, catalase activity was altered, generating byproducts of oxidative stress. The antioxidant gene expression was unchanged in adult rats in contrast to the altered activity of antioxidant enzymes. Histological alterations of testis and epididymis tissues were observed in pubertal and adult rats. Interestingly, only adult rats exhibited a remarkable decrease in serum testosterone levels. Prepubertal exposure to arsenic caused morphological and functional alterations in male reproductive organs of pubertal rats. In adult rats, these damages disappeared, remained, get worsened, or recovered depending on the parameter analyzed, indicating potential male fertility disorders during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Couto-Santos
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Ferreira Souza
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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22
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Dong N, Feng J, Xie J, Tian X, Li M, Liu P, Zhao Y, Wei C, Gao Y, Li B, Qiu Y, Yan X. Co-exposure to Arsenic-Fluoride Results in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis Through the PERK Signaling Pathway in the Liver of Offspring Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:192-201. [PMID: 31768761 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic and fluoride are two of the major groundwater pollutants. To better understand the liver damage induced during development, 24 male rats exposed to fluoride (F), arsenic (As), and their combination (As + F) from the prenatal stage to 90 days after birth were selected for analysis. Histopathological results showed vacuolar degeneration in the As and As + F groups. Compared to those in the control group, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly increased in the combined group. Catalase activity significantly decreased in the treatment groups compared to that in the controls, and the malondialdehyde content in the As and As + F groups was significantly higher than those in the control group. We further evaluated whether this damage is linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related pathways. The mRNA expression levels of PERK, GRP78, EIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP as well as the protein levels of CHOP was significantly increased in the As + F group compared with the control group. These results demonstrate that As, F, and their combination could lead to liver function damage and reduce the antioxidant capacity of the liver to cause oxidative damage to tissues. Moreover, the combination of As and F triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in liver cells by activating the PERK pathway in the unfolded protein response. As and F seem to have different independent effects, whereas their combination resulted in more severe effects overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Dong
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Human Disease Animal Models, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiaxin Xie
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Human Disease Animal Models, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Penghui Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Cailing Wei
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Ben Li
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Souza ACF, de Paiva Coimbra JL, Ervilha LOG, Bastos DSS, Cossolin JFS, Santos EC, de Oliveira LL, Machado-Neves M. Arsenic induces dose-dependent structural and ultrastructural pathological remodeling in the heart of Wistar rats. Life Sci 2020; 257:118132. [PMID: 32710949 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Arsenic, an environmental contaminant, represents a public health problem worldwide. Studies have shown its association with molecular mechanisms related to cardiomyocytes redox balance. However, the microstructure and ultrastructure of cardiac tissue, as well as the activity of its antioxidant defenses front of disturbances in the mineral bioavailability induced by arsenic are still scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate if arsenic exposure might induce structural and ultrastructural damages in cardiac tissue, including pathological remodeling of the parenchyma and stroma. Moreover, its impact on micromineral distribution and antioxidant enzymes activity in heart tissue was also evaluated. MAIN METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups that received 0, 1 and 10 mg/L sodium arsenite in drinking water for eight weeks. The hearts were collected and subjected to structural and ultrastructural analysis, mineral microanalysis and antioxidant enzymes quantification. Functional markers of cardiac damages were evaluated using serum samples. KEY FINDINGS Arsenic exposure induced dose-dependent structural and ultrastructural remodeling of cardiac tissue, with parenchyma loss, increase of stroma components, collagen deposition, and pathological damages such as inflammation, sarcomere disorganization, mitochondria degeneration and myofilament dissociation. Moreover, this metalloid was bioaccumulated in the tissue affecting its micromineral content, which resulted in antioxidant imbalance and increased levels of oxidative stress and cardiac markers. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, our findings indicate that the heart is a potential target to arsenic toxicity, and long-term exposure to this metalloid must be avoided, once it might induce several cardiac tissue pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eliziária Cardoso Santos
- Medicine School, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Biology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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24
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Bastos DSS, Miranda BM, Fialho Martins TV, Guimarães Ervilha LO, Souza ACF, de Oliveira Emerick S, Carneiro da Silva A, Novaes RD, Neves MM, Santos EC, de Oliveira LL, Marques-da-Silva EDA. Lipophosphoglycan-3 recombinant protein vaccine controls hepatic parasitism and prevents tissue damage in mice infected by Leishmania infantum chagasi. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110097. [PMID: 32203891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the Leishmania infantum chagasi infection on the liver of vaccinated mice, considering parameters of tissue damage and the inflammatory response elicited by vaccination. MAIN METHODS We used recombinant LPG3 protein (rLPG3) as immunogen in BALB/c mice before challenge with promastigote forms of L. infantum chagasi. The animals were separated into five groups: NI: non-infected animals; NV: non-vaccinated; SAP: treated with saponin; rLPG3: immunized with rLPG3; rLPG3 + SAP: immunized with rLPG3 plus SAP. The experiment was conducted in replicate, and the vaccination protocol consisted of three subcutaneous doses of rLPG3 (40 μg + two boosters of 20 μg). The mice were challenged two weeks after the last immunization. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that rLPG3 + SAP immunization decreased the parasite burden in 99 %, conferring immunological protection in the liver of the infected animals. Moreover, the immunization improved the antioxidant defenses, increasing CAT and GST activity, while reducing the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as H2O2 and NO3/NO2, and carbonyl protein in the organ. As a consequence, rLPG3 + SAP immunization preserved tissue integrity and reduced the granuloma formation, inflammatory infiltrate and serum levels of AST, ALT, and ALP. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these results showed that rLPG3 vaccine confers liver protection against L. infantum chagasi in mice, while maintaining the liver tissue protected against the harmful inflammatory effects caused by the vaccine followed by the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Souza ACF, Bastos DSS, Sertorio MN, Santos FC, Ervilha LOG, de Oliveira LL, Machado-Neves M. Combined effects of arsenic exposure and diabetes on male reproductive functions. Andrology 2019; 7:730-740. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. F. Souza
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
- Department of Animal Science; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - D. S. S. Bastos
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - M. N. Sertorio
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - F. C. Santos
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - L. O. G. Ervilha
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - L. L. de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - M. Machado-Neves
- Department of General Biology; Federal University of Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
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26
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Sertorio MN, Souza ACF, Bastos DSS, Santos FC, Ervilha LOG, Fernandes KM, de Oliveira LL, Machado-Neves M. Arsenic exposure intensifies glycogen nephrosis in diabetic rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:12459-12469. [PMID: 30847815 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It is known that either arsenic exposure or diabetes can impact renal function. However, it is unclear how these combined factors may influence kidney functions. Therefore, we evaluated morphological, functional, and oxidative parameters in the kidney of diabetic rats exposed to arsenic. Healthy male Wistar rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were exposed to 0 and 10 mg/L arsenate through drinking water for 40 days. Renal tissue was assessed using morphometry, mitosis and apoptosis markers, mineral proportion, oxidative stress markers, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes and membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatases. Arsenate intake altered glucose levels in healthy animals, but it did not reach hyperglycemic conditions. In diabetic animals, arsenate led to a remarkable increase of glycogen nephrosis in distal tubules. In these animals, additionally, the activity of catalase and glutathione S-transferase, besides the proportion of Fe, Cu, and K in renal tissue, was altered. Nevertheless, arsenate did not accumulate in the kidney and did not impact on other parameters previously altered by diabetes, including levels of malondialdehyde, Na, urea, creatinine, and apoptosis and mitosis markers. In conclusion, besides the intensification of glycogen nephrosis, the kidney was able to handle arsenate toxicity at this point, preventing arsenic deposition in the exposed groups and the impairment of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Nascimento Sertorio
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Ferreira Souza
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Silva Sena Bastos
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Couto Santos
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Otávio Guimarães Ervilha
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Kenner Morais Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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