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Ghosh B, Datta A, Gupta V, Sodnar B, Sarkar A, Singh U, Raut S, Suthar P, Thongire V, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Borah A, Saraf S, Bhattacharya P. Simvastatin exerts neuroprotective effects post-stroke by ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating autophagy/apoptosis balance through pAMPK/LC3B/ LAMP2 axis. Exp Neurol 2024; 381:114940. [PMID: 39214348 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Statins have evident neuroprotective role in acute ischemic stroke(AIS). The pleiotropic effect by which statin exerts neuroprotective effects, needs to be explored for considering it as one of the future adjunctive therapies in AIS. Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) assists cellular survival by reducing protein aggregates during ischemic conditions. ER-stress mediated apoptosis and autophagy are predominant reasons for neuronal death in AIS. Statin exerts both anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic effect in neurons under ischemic stress. Although the influence of statin on autophagic neuroprotection has been reported with contradictory results. Thus, in our study we have attempted to understand its influence on autophagic protection while inhibiting upregulation of autophagic death(autosis). Previously we reported, statin can alleviate apoptosis via modulating cardiolipin mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the clearance of damaged mitochondria is essential for prolonged cell survival. In our study, we tried to decipher the mechanism by which statin leads to neuronal survival by the mitophagy mediated cellular clearance. Simvastatin was administered to Sprague Dawley(SD) rats both as prophylaxis and treatment. The safety and efficacy of the statin was validated by assessment of infarct size and functional outcome. A reduction in oxidative and ER-stress were observed in both the prophylactic and treatment groups. The influence of statin on autophagy/apoptosis balance was evaluated by molecular assessment of mitophagy and cellular apoptosis. Statin reduces the post-stroke ER-stress and predominantly upregulated autophagolysosome mediated mitophagy than apoptotic cell death by modulating pAMPK/LC3B/LAMP2 axis. Based on the above findings statin could be explored as an adjunctive therapy for AIS in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoyani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Babasaheb Sodnar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Upasna Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Swapnil Raut
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pramod Suthar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vrushali Thongire
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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2
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Wei C. The role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in neuronal ferroptosis and its therapeutic potential in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Brain Res Bull 2024; 217:111065. [PMID: 39243947 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that depends on iron and is driven by lipid peroxidation, playing a crucial role in neuronal death during stroke. A central element in this process is the inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), an antioxidant enzyme that helps maintain redox balance by reducing lipid hydroperoxides. This review examines the critical function of GPx4 in controlling neuronal ferroptosis following ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. We explore the mechanisms through which GPx4 becomes inactivated in various stroke subtypes. In strokes, excess glutamate depletes glutathione (GSH) and products of hemoglobin breakdown overwhelm GPx4. Studies using genetic models with GPx4 deficiency underscore its vital role in maintaining neuronal survival and function. We also consider new therapeutic approaches to enhance GPx4 activity, including novel small molecule activators, adjustments in GSH metabolism, and selenium supplementation. Additionally, we outline the potential benefits of combining these GPx4-focused strategies with other anti-ferroptotic methods like iron chelation and lipoxygenase inhibition for enhanced neuroprotection. Furthermore, we highlight the significance of understanding the timing of GPx4 inactivation during stroke progression to design effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- Feinberg school of medicine, Northwestern University, IL 60611, USA
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3
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Sarmah D, Datta A, Rana N, Suthar P, Gupta V, Kaur H, Ghosh B, Levoux J, Rodriguez AM, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. SIRT-1/RHOT-1/PGC-1α loop modulates mitochondrial biogenesis and transfer to offer resilience following endovascular stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 225:255-274. [PMID: 39306015 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Current clinical interventions for stroke majorly involve thrombolysis or thrombectomy, however, cessation of the progressive deleterious cellular cascades post-stroke and long-term neuroprotection are yet to be explored. Mitochondria are highly vulnerable organelles and their dysfunction is one of the detrimental consequences following stroke. Mitochondria dysregulation activate unfavourable cellular events over a period of time that leads to the collapse of neuronal machinery in the brain. Hence, strategies to protect and replenish mitochondria in injured neurons may be useful and needs to be explored. Stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke holds a great promise. Past studies have shown beneficial outcomes of endovascularly delivered stem cells in both pre-clinical and clinical settings. Intra-arterial (IA) administration can provide more cells to the stroke foci and affected brain regions than intravenous administration. Supplying new mitochondria to the stroke-compromised neurons either in the core or penumbra by infused stem cells can help increase their survival and longevity. Previously, our lab has demonstrated that IA 1∗105 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in rats were safe, efficacious and rendered neuroprotection by regulating neuronal calcineurin, modulating sirtuin1(SIRT-1) mediated inflammasome signaling, ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum-stress, alleviation of post-stroke edema and reducing cellular apoptosis. To explore further, our present study aims to investigate the potential of IA MSCs in protecting and replenishing mitochondria in the injured neurons post-stroke and the involvement of SIRT-1/RHOT-1/PGC-1α loop towards mitochondria transfer, biogenesis, and neuroprotection. This study will open new avenues for using stem cells for ischemic stroke in clinics as one of the future adjunctive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikita Rana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pramod Suthar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijoyani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jennyfer Levoux
- Universite' Paris-Est Cre'teil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Cre'teil, France
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 7, Quai St Bernard (case 256), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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4
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Awasthi VA, Dhankar V, Singh S. Novel therapeutic targets for reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke: Understanding the role of mitochondria, excitotoxicity and ferroptosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 156:107413. [PMID: 39059676 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a significant challenge in various clinical settings, including stroke. Despite advances in reperfusion strategies, the restoration of blood flow to ischemic tissues often exacerbates tissue damage through a complex cascade of cellular and molecular events. In recent years, there has been growing interest in identifying novel therapeutic targets to ameliorate the detrimental effects of IRI and improve patient outcomes. This review critically evaluates emerging therapeutic targets and strategies for IRI management, such as R-spondin 3, neurolysin, glial cell gene therapy and inter alpha inhibitors. Diverse pathophysiology involved in IRI stroke such as oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ferroptosis are also closely discussed. Additionally, we explored the intricate interplay between inflammation and IRI, focusing on cell-mediated gene therapy approaches and anti-inflammatory agents that hold promise for attenuating tissue damage. Moreover, we delve into novel strategies aimed at preserving endothelial function, promoting tissue repair, and enhancing cellular resilience to ischemic insults. Finally, we discuss challenges, future directions, and translational opportunities for the development of effective therapies targeting ischemic reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi Anupam Awasthi
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vaibhav Dhankar
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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5
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Oliveira N, Sousa A, Amaral AP, Conde R, Verde I. Identification of Urine Metabolic Markers of Stroke Risk Using Untargeted Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7436. [PMID: 39000542 PMCID: PMC11242327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the third leading cause of death and morbidity combined, affecting more than 12 million people every year. Stroke pathophysiology results from complex interactions of several risk factors related to age, family history, gender, lifestyle, and the presence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Despite all the evidence, it is not possible to fully prevent stroke onset. In recent years, there has been an exploration of innovative methodologies for metabolite analysis aimed at identifying novel stroke biomarkers. Utilizing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we investigated small molecule variations in urine across different stages of stroke risk. The Framingham Stroke Risk Score was used in people over 63 years of age living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to calculate the probability of suffering a stroke: low stroke risk (LSR, control), moderate stroke risk (MSR), and high stroke risk (HSR). Univariate statistical analysis showed that urinary 4-hydroxyphenylacetate levels increased while glycolate levels decreased across the different stroke risk groups, from the LSR to the HSR groups. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) had average concentration values that were significantly higher in elderly people in the HSR group, while trigonelline levels were significantly lower in the MSR group. These metabolic markers can be used for early detection and to differentiate stages of stroke risk more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sousa
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Amaral
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Conde
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Verde
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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6
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Kabiri-Samani N, Amini-Khoei H, Rahimi-Madiseh M, Sureda A, Lorigooini Z. Trigonelline as an anticonvulsant agent: mechanistic insights into NMDA receptor expression and oxidative stress balance. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14239. [PMID: 38902338 PMCID: PMC11189925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamatergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress are involved in the pathophysiology of seizures. Some anticonvulsants exert their effects through modulation of these pathways. Trigonelline (TRG) has been shown to possess various pharmacological effects like neuroprotection. Therefore, this study was performed to determine TRG's anticonvulsant effects, focusing on its potential effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a type of glutamate receptor, and oxidative stress state in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in PTZ-induced seizure in mice. Seventy-two male mice were randomly divided into nine groups. The groups included mice that received normal saline, TRG at doses of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg, diazepam, NMDA (an agonist), ketamine (an antagonist), the effective dose of TRG with NMDA, as well as sub-effective dose of TRG with ketamine, respectively. All agents were administrated intraperitoneally 60 min before induction of seizures by PTZ. Latency to seizure, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum and PFC were measured. Furthermore, the gene expression of NR2A and NR2B, subunits of NMDA receptors, was measured in the PFC. TRG administration increased the latency to seizure onset and enhanced TAC while reducing MDA levels in both the PFC and serum. TRG also decreased the gene expression of NR2B in the PFC. Unexpectedly, the findings revealed that the concurrent administration of ketamine amplified, whereas NMDA mitigated, the impact of TRG on latency to seizure. Furthermore, NMDA diminished the positive effects of TRG on antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress, while ketamine amplified these beneficial effects, indicating a complex interaction between TRG and NMDA receptor modulation. In the gene expression of NMDA receptors, results showed that ketamine significantly decreased the gene expression of NR2B when co-administrated with a sub-effective dose of TRG. It was found that, at least partially, the anticonvulsant effect of TRG in PTZ-induced seizures in male mice was mediated by the attenuation of glutamatergic neurotransmission as well as the reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastran Kabiri-Samani
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahimi-Madiseh
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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7
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Nguyen V, Taine EG, Meng D, Cui T, Tan W. Pharmacological Activities, Therapeutic Effects, and Mechanistic Actions of Trigonelline. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3385. [PMID: 38542359 PMCID: PMC10970276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Trigonelline (TRG) is a natural polar hydrophilic alkaloid that is found in many plants such as green coffee beans and fenugreek seeds. TRG potentially acts on multiple molecular targets, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, glycogen synthase kinase, tyrosinase, nerve growth factor, estrogen receptor, amyloid-β peptide, and several neurotransmitter receptors. In this review, we systematically summarize the pharmacological activities, medicinal properties, and mechanistic actions of TRG as a potential therapeutic agent. Mechanistically, TRG can facilitate the maintenance and restoration of the metabolic homeostasis of glucose and lipids. It can counteract inflammatory constituents at multiple levels by hampering pro-inflammatory factor release, alleviating inflammatory propagation, and attenuating tissue injury. It concurrently modulates oxidative stress by the blockage of the detrimental Nrf2 pathway when autophagy is impaired. Therefore, it exerts diverse therapeutic effects on a variety of pathological conditions associated with chronic metabolic diseases and age-related disorders. It shows multidimensional effects, including neuroprotection from neurodegenerative disorders and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, neuromodulation, mitigation of cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, diabetic mellitus, liver and kidney injuries, and anti-pathogen and anti-tumor activities. Further validations are required to define its specific targeting molecules, dissect the underlying mechanistic networks, and corroborate its efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vi Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | | | - Dehao Meng
- Applied Physics Program, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Wenbin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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8
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Hu X, Bao Y, Li M, Zhang W, Chen C. The role of ferroptosis and its mechanism in ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol 2024; 372:114630. [PMID: 38056585 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease with a high morbidity, mortality, and disability rate. Persistent ischemia of brain tissue can cause irreversible damage to neurons, leading to neurological dysfunction and seriously affecting patients' quality of life. However, current clinical therapies are limited and have not achieved satisfactory outcome, due to the incomplete understanding of the mechanism of neuronal damage during ischemic stroke. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis is implicated in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. Under normal physiological conditions, GSH/GPX4, FSP1/CoQ10, GCH/BH4 and other anti-ferroptosis pathways can function effectively to suppress the occurrence of ferroptosis. After ischemic stroke, two typical ferroptosis characteristics, lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation, are observed, accompanied by changes in the expression of ferroptosis related genes such as GPX4, ACSL4, and SLC7A11, suggesting that ferroptosis plays a key role in ischemic stroke, which provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. This article reviewed the pathological mechanisms of ferroptosis in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke, as well as the related progress of ferroptosis targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Hu
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yutong Bao
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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9
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Djite M, Chao de la Barca JM, Bocca C, Gaye NM, Barry NOK, Mbacke MN, Cissé O, Kandji PM, Thioune NM, Coly-Gueye NF, Ndour EHM, Gueye-Tall F, Diop AG, Simard G, Mirebeau-Prunier D, Gueye PM, Reynier P. A Metabolomic Signature of Ischemic Stroke Showing Acute Oxidative and Energetic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:60. [PMID: 38247484 PMCID: PMC10812657 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful data-driven tool for in-depth biological phenotyping that could help identify the specific metabolic profile of cryptogenic strokes, for which no precise cause has been identified. We performed a targeted quantitative metabolomics study in West African patients who had recently suffered an ischemic stroke, which was either cryptogenic (n = 40) or had a clearly identified cause (n = 39), compared to a healthy control group (n = 40). Four hundred fifty-six metabolites were accurately measured. Multivariate analyses failed to reveal any metabolic profile discriminating between cryptogenic ischemic strokes and those with an identified cause but did show superimposable metabolic profiles in both groups, which were clearly distinct from those of healthy controls. The blood concentrations of 234 metabolites were significantly affected in stroke patients compared to controls after the Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Increased methionine sulfoxide and homocysteine concentrations, as well as an overall increase in saturation of fatty acids, were indicative of acute oxidative stress. This signature also showed alterations in energetic metabolism, cell membrane integrity, monocarbon metabolism, and neurotransmission, with reduced concentrations of several metabolites known to be neuroprotective. Overall, our results show that cryptogenic strokes are not pathophysiologically distinct from ischemic strokes of established origin, and that stroke leads to intense metabolic remodeling with marked oxidative and energetic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Djite
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 2238, Senegal; (N.O.K.B.); (E.H.M.N.); (F.G.-T.); (P.M.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Juan Manuel Chao de la Barca
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France; (J.M.C.d.l.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (D.M.-P.); (P.R.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U-1083), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 6015), Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Cinzia Bocca
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France; (J.M.C.d.l.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (D.M.-P.); (P.R.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U-1083), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 6015), Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Ndiaga Matar Gaye
- Clinique Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (N.M.G.); (O.C.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Néné Oumou Kesso Barry
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 2238, Senegal; (N.O.K.B.); (E.H.M.N.); (F.G.-T.); (P.M.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Mame Ndoumbé Mbacke
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Ousmane Cissé
- Clinique Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (N.M.G.); (O.C.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Pape Matar Kandji
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Ndèye Marème Thioune
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | | | - El Hadji Malick Ndour
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 2238, Senegal; (N.O.K.B.); (E.H.M.N.); (F.G.-T.); (P.M.G.)
| | - Fatou Gueye-Tall
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 2238, Senegal; (N.O.K.B.); (E.H.M.N.); (F.G.-T.); (P.M.G.)
| | - Amadou Gallo Diop
- Clinique Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (N.M.G.); (O.C.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Gilles Simard
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France; (J.M.C.d.l.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (D.M.-P.); (P.R.)
| | - Delphine Mirebeau-Prunier
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France; (J.M.C.d.l.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (D.M.-P.); (P.R.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U-1083), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 6015), Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Papa Madieye Gueye
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 2238, Senegal; (N.O.K.B.); (E.H.M.N.); (F.G.-T.); (P.M.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de FANN, Dakar 45701, Senegal; (M.N.M.); (P.M.K.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France; (J.M.C.d.l.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (D.M.-P.); (P.R.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U-1083), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 6015), Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France
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10
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Zhang Q, Jiang Q, Sa K, Liang J, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Research progress of plant-derived natural alkaloids in central nervous system diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4885-4907. [PMID: 37455555 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most important causes of human death. Because of their complex pathogenesis, more and more attention has been paid to them. At present, drug treatment of the CNS is the main means; however, most drugs only relieve symptoms, and some have certain toxicity and side effects. Natural compounds derived from plants can provide safer and more effective alternatives. Alkaloids are common nitrogenous basic organic compounds found in nature, which exist widely in many kinds of plants and have unique application value in modern medicine. For example, Galantamine and Huperzine A from medicinal plants are widely used drugs on the market to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to provide the available information on natural alkaloids with the activity of treating central nervous system diseases in order to explore the trends and perspectives for the further study of central nervous system drugs. In this paper, 120 alkaloids with the potential effect of treating central nervous system diseases are summarized from the aspects of sources, structure types, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuiru Sa
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junming Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Kaur H, Sarmah D, Datta A, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Stem cells alleviate OGD/R mediated stress response in PC12 cells following a co-culture: modulation of the apoptotic cascade through BDNF-TrkB signaling. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:1041-1051. [PMID: 36622548 PMCID: PMC10746664 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in several neurovascular disorders, including ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R injury). Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that following I/R injury, ER stress is vital for mediating CCAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12-dependent apoptosis. However, its modulation in the presence of stem cells and the underlying mechanism of cytoprotection remains elusive. In vivo studies from our lab have reported that post-stroke endovascular administration of stem cells renders neuroprotection and regulates apoptosis mediated by ER stress. In the current study, a more robust in vitro validation has been undertaken to decipher the mechanism of stem cell-mediated cytoprotection. Results from our study have shown that oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) potentiated ER stress and apoptosis in the pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cell line as evident by the increase of protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (p-PERK), p-Eukaryotic initiation factor 2α subunit (EIF2α), activation transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CHOP, and caspase 12 expressions. Following the co-culture of PC12 cells with MSCs, ER stress was significantly reduced, possibly via modulating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of BDNF by inhibitor K252a abolished the protective effects of BDNF secreted by MSCs following OGD/R. Our study suggests that inhibition of ER stress-associated apoptotic pathway with MSCs co-culture following OGD/R may help to alleviate cellular injury and further substantiate the use of stem cells as a therapeutic modality toward neuroprotection following hypoxic injury or stroke in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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12
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Datta A, Suthar P, Sarmah D, Jadhav P, Shah J, Katamneni M, Bhosale N, Gupta V, Bohra M, Baidya F, Rana N, Ghosh B, Kaur H, Borah A, Rathod R, Sengupta P, Bhattacharya P. Inosine attenuates post-stroke neuroinflammation by modulating inflammasome mediated microglial activation and polarization. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166771. [PMID: 37286144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, various agents and molecules have been developed to treat post-stroke neuroinflammation; however, none of them are clinically successful. Post-stroke neuroinflammation is primarily attributed to microglial polarization as the generation of inflammasome complexes shifts microglia to their M1 phenotype and regulate the downstream cascade. Inosine, an adenosine derivative reported to maintain cellular energy homeostasis in stressed condition. Although, the exact mechanism is still unexplored, various studies have reported that it can stimulate axonal sprouting in different neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, our present study aims to decipher the molecular mechanism of inosine mediated neuroprotection by modulating inflammasome signaling towards altered microglial polarization in ischemic stroke. Inosine was administered intraperitoneally to male Sprague Dawley rats at 1 h post ischemic stroke and were further evaluated for neurodeficit score, motor coordination and long-term neuroprotection. Brains were harvested for infarct size estimation, biochemical assays and molecular studies. Inosine administration at 1 h post ischemic stroke decreased infarct size, neurodeficit score, and improved motor co-ordination. Normalization of biochemical parameters were achieved in the treatment groups. Microglial polarization towards its anti-inflammatory phenotype and modulation of inflammation were evident by relevant gene and protein expression studies. The outcome provides preliminary evidence of inosine mediated alleviation of post-stroke neuroinflammation via modulation of microglial polarization towards its anti-inflammatory form through regulating the inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pramod Suthar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Poonam Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinagna Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mounika Katamneni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikhil Bhosale
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mariya Bohra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Falguni Baidya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikita Rana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijoyani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajeshwari Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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13
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Joaquim LS, Danielski LG, Bonfante S, Biehl E, Mathias K, Denicol T, Bagio E, Lanzzarin EV, Machado RS, Bernades GC, Generoso J, Della Giustina A, Barichello T, Petronilho F. NLRP3 inflammasome activation increases brain oxidative stress after transient global cerebral ischemia in rats. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:375-388. [PMID: 33902404 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1922402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pupurpose of the study: Oxidative stress has been reported to be an important mechanism for brain damage following ischemic stroke. Recently, the involvement of cytosolic receptors capable of forming protein complexes called inflammasomes has been demonstrated to perpetuate oxidative stress. Herein, we report the effect of NLRP3 inhibition with MCC950 on brain oxidative stress in an animal model of transient global cerebral ischemia.Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats received an intracerebroventricularly (icv) injection of MCC950 (140 ng/kg) or saline and were subjected to sham procedure or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Twenty-four hours after I/R, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitrite/nitrate (N/N) concentration, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls formation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were determined in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and striatum. Results: After I/R, MPO activity increased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cortex and cerebellum and N/N concentration elevated in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and cortex, while MCC950 decreased this level except in hippocampus. After I/R, lipid peroxidation enhanced in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum and increased the oxidative protein damage in both structures and hippocampus. MCC950 decreased lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex and decreased protein oxidative damage in all brain structures except in the striatum. SOD activity decreased in the cortex after I/R and MCC950 reestablished these levels. CAT activity decreased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum after I/R and MCC950 reestablished these levels in the prefrontal cortex.Conclusion: Our data provide novel demonstration that inhibiting NLRP3 activation with MCC950 reduces brain oxidative damage after cerebral I/R in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Silva Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Erica Biehl
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Tais Denicol
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Erick Bagio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Everton Venicius Lanzzarin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Costa Bernades
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciencies, Mc Govern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
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14
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The neuroprotective and antidiabetic effects of trigonelline: A review of signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms. Biochimie 2023; 206:93-104. [PMID: 36257493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The global epidemic of diabetes has brought heavy pressure on public health. New effective anti-diabetes strategies are urgently needed. Trigonelline is the main component of fenugreek, which has been proved to have a good therapeutic effect on diabetes and diabetic complications. Trigonelline achieves amelioration of diabetes, the mechanisms of which include the modulation of insulin secretion, a reduction in oxidative stress, and the improvement of glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Besides, trigonelline has been reported to be a neuroprotective agent against many neurologic diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and depression. Concerning the potential therapeutic effects of trigonelline, comprehensive clinical trials are warranted to evaluate this valuable molecule.
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15
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Sarmah D, Sarkar A, Datta A, Ghosh B, Rana N, Sahu S, Gupta V, Thongire V, Chaudhary A, Vadak N, Kaur H, Raut S, Singh U, Borah A, Bhattacharya P. Cardiolipin-Mediated Alleviation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is a Neuroprotective Effect of Statin in Animal Model of Ischemic Stroke. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:709-724. [PMID: 36706354 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical settings, the benefit of statin for stroke is debatable as regular statin users may suffer from myalgia, statin-associated myopathy (SAM), and rarely rhabdomyolysis. Studies suggest that patients on statin therapy show lesser vulnerability toward ischemic stroke and post-stroke frailty. Both pre- and post-treatment benefits of statin have been reported as evident by its neuroprotective effects in both cases. As mitochondrial dysfunction following stroke is the fulcrum for neuronal death, we hereby explore the role of statin in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating the mitochondrial dynamics. In the present study, we intend to evaluate the role of statin in modulating cardiolipin-mediated mitochondrial functionality and further providing a therapeutic rationale for repurposing statins either as preventive or an adjunctive therapy for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Abhishek Sarkar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Bijoyani Ghosh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Nikita Rana
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Shubhrakanta Sahu
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vrushali Thongire
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Antra Chaudhary
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Namrata Vadak
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Swapnil Raut
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Upasna Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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16
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Kaur H, Sarmah D, Datta A, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Endovascular Stem Cell Therapy Promotes Neuronal Remodeling to Enhance Post Stroke Recovery by Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Modulated by BDNF Signaling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:264-274. [PMID: 36251114 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impact of increased BDNF expression in brain by endovascular delivered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) post stroke towards modulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mediated neuronal remodeling has not been directly studied. Therefore, the present study investigates ER stress mediated neuronal remodeling following IA MSCs infusion in rodent model of ischemic stroke. METHODS Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to MCAO followed by 1 × 105 IA MSCs administration at 6 h. Infarct and functional outcomes at different time points post-stroke were evaluated. Further, various genes and protein expression studies were performed to determine the underlying mechanisms of the effect of IA MSCs towards ER stress mediated neuronal remodeling. RESULTS Post-stroke IA MSCs administration significantly increased BDNF expression and decreased ER stress markers expression at day 1 post-stroke. A gradual rise in the expression of growth associate protein-43 (GAP 43) and spinophilin were observed at 7, 14- and 28-days post-stroke indicating an increase in neuronal remodeling towards functional restoration. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that IA MSCs post-stroke can modulate neuronal remodeling by BDNF-mediated reduction in ER stress that contribute towards functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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17
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Zhao Z, Pan Z, Zhang S, Ma G, Zhang W, Song J, Wang Y, Kong L, Du G. Neutrophil extracellular traps: A novel target for the treatment of stroke. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108328. [PMID: 36481433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a threatening cerebrovascular disease caused by thrombus with high morbidity and mortality rates. Neutrophils are the first to be recruited in the brain after stroke, which aggravate brain injury through multiple mechanisms. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as a novel regulatory mechanism of neutrophils, can trap bacteria and secret antimicrobial molecules, thereby degrading pathogenic factors and killing bacteria. However, NETs also exacerbate certain non-infectious diseases by activating autoimmune or inflammatory responses. NETs have been found to play important roles in the pathological process of stroke in recent years. In this review, the mechanisms of NETs formation, the physiological roles of NETs, and the dynamic changes of NETs after stroke are summarized. NETs participate in stroke through various mechanisms. NETs promote the coagulation cascade and interact with platelets to induce thrombosis. tPA induces the degranulation of neutrophils to form NETs, leading to hemorrhagic transformation and thrombolytic resistance. NETs aggravate stroke by mediating inflammation, atherosclerosis and vascular injury. In addition, the regulation of NETs in stroke, the potential of NETs as biomarker and the treatment of stroke targeting NETs are discussed. The increasing evidences suggest that NETs may be a potential target for stroke treatment. Inhibition of NETs formation or promotion of NETs degradation plays protective effects in stroke. However, how to avoid the adverse effects of NETs-targeted therapy deserves further study. In summary, this review provides a reference for the pathogenesis, drug targets, biomarkers and drug development of NETs in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zirong Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guodong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junke Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Linglei Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Xu Y, Li K, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Liu Y, Zhao J. Role of Ferroptosis in Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:205-222. [PMID: 35102454 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a common and serious nervous system disease caused by the rupture or blockage of the cardiovascular system. It causes millions of deaths and disabilities every year, which is a huge burden on humanity. It may be induced by thrombosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, smoking, advanced age and so on. According to different causes, stroke can be generally divided into hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, whose pathogenesis and treatment are quite different. Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death first defined in 2012, which is characterized by non-apoptotic, iron-dependent, and over-accumulated lipid peroxides. Excess lipid reactive oxygen species produced during ferroptosis eventually leads to oxidative cell death. Ferroptosis has been shown to occur and play an important role in tumors, neurological diseases, kidney injury, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ferroptosis is also closely related to the pathogenesis of stroke. Moreover, scientists have successfully intervened in the process of stroke in animal models by regulating ferroptosis, indicating that ferroptosis is a new potential target for the treatment of stroke. This paper systematically summarizes the involvement and role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of stroke and predicts the potential of ferroptosis in the treatment of stroke. Ferroptosis in stroke. Stroke induces iron overload and lipid metabolism disorders. Elevated iron catalyzes lipid peroxidation and eventually triggers ferroptosis. Conversely, the GSH/GPX4 pathway, as well as CoQ10, Fer-1, and Lip-1, inhibits lipid peroxidation and, thus, alleviates ferroptosis. GSH glutathione; GPX4 glutathione peroxidase 4; CoQ10 coenzyme Q10; Lip-1 liproxstatin-1; Fer-1 ferostatin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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19
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Lockhart JS, Sumagin R. Non-Canonical Functions of Myeloperoxidase in Immune Regulation, Tissue Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012250. [PMID: 36293108 PMCID: PMC9603794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is one of the most abundantly expressed proteins in neutrophils. It serves as a critical component of the antimicrobial defense system, facilitating microbial killing via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, emerging evidence indicates that in addition to the well-recognized canonical antimicrobial function of MPO, it can directly or indirectly impact immune cells and tissue responses in homeostatic and disease states. Here, we highlight the emerging non-canonical functions of MPO, including its impact on neutrophil longevity, activation and trafficking in inflammation, its interactions with other immune cells, and how these interactions shape disease outcomes. We further discuss MPO interactions with barrier forming endothelial and epithelial cells, specialized cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and its involvement in cancer progression. Such diverse function and the MPO association with numerous inflammatory disorders make it an attractive target for therapies aimed at resolving inflammation and limiting inflammation-associated tissue damage. However, while considering MPO inhibition as a potential therapy, one must account for the diverse impact of MPO activity on various cellular compartments both in health and disease.
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20
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Cetira Filho EL, Silva PGB, Wong DVT, Choquenaira-Quispe C, Cesário FRAS, de Sousa Nogueira G, de Sousa AVC, de Aguiar ASW, da Cruz Fonseca SG, Costa FWG. Effect of preemptive photobiomodulation associated with nimesulide on the postsurgical outcomes, oxidative stress, and quality of life after third molar surgery: a randomized, split-mouth, controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6941-6960. [PMID: 35948699 PMCID: PMC9365445 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare the effect of photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and nimesulide on inflammatory parameters, biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and quality of life after lower third molar (L3M) surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized, two-factor, triple-blind, controlled, split-mouth clinical trial was performed with 40 volunteers who required bilateral L3M removal. Patients were allocated depending on the use or not of 100 mg nimesulide 1 hbefore surgery, as well as the use or not of LLLT in the preoperative period. RESULTS Pain peaks occurred after 6 h (nimesulide-placebo [N-P] group) and 8 h (nimesulide group). In the N-P group, LLLT resulted in significantly lower mean pain scores than the subgroup without LLLT after 4 h (p = 0.009) and 6 h (p = 0.048). As for edema, a shorter distance between the mandibular angle and the outer canthus of the eyes after 7 days (p = 0.037) and a smaller cumulative effect (p = 0.036) were observed in the N-P group associated with LLLT. A direct effect between LLLT (p = 0.047) and a reduction in the mean scores of overall dissatisfaction with quality of life was detected. CONCLUSIONS Preemptive use of nimesulide only delayed peak pain. LLLT reduced edema, trismus, and contributed to a better perception of quality of life. Nimesulide inhibits peroxidation by increasing GSH and stopping neutrophil migration. The benefit of the association of both strategies was not superior to the use of LLLT alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Translational study with impact on clinical-surgical protocols involving L3M surgery related to pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Luiz Cetira Filho
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology - FAMED, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Celia Choquenaira-Quispe
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer (LAFICA), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Rafael Alves Santana Cesário
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer (LAFICA), Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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21
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Therapeutical Significance of Serpina3n Subsequent Cerebral Ischemia via Cytotoxic Granzyme B Inactivation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1557010. [PMID: 35677097 PMCID: PMC9168188 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1557010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating CNS insult with few clinical cures. Poor understanding of underlying mechanistic network is the primary limitation to develop novel curative therapies. Extracellular accumulation of granzyme B subsequent ischemia promotes neurodegeneration. Inhibition of granzyme B can be one of the potent strategies to mitigate neuronal damage. In present study, we investigated the effect of murine Serpina3n and human (homolog) SERPINA3 against cerebral ischemia through granzyme B inactivation. Recombinant Serpina3n/SERPINA3 were expressed by transfected 293 T cells, and eluted proteins were examined for postischemic influence both in vitro and in vivo. During in vitro test, Serpina3n was found effective enough to inhibit granzyme B, while SERPINA3 was ineffectual to counter cytotoxic protease. Treatment of hypoxic culture with recombinant Serpina3n/SERPINA3 significantly increased cell viability in dosage-dependent manner, recorded maximum at the highest concentration (4 mM). Infarct volume analysis confirmed that 50 mg/kg dosage of exogenous Serpina3n was adequate to reduce disease severity, while SERPINA3 lacked behind in analeptic effect. Immunohistochemical test, western blot analysis, and protease activity assay’s results illustrated successful diffusion of applied protein to the ischemic lesion and reactivity with the target protease. Taken together, our findings demonstrate therapeutic potential of Serpina3n by interfering granzyme B-mediated neuronal death subsequent cerebral ischemia.
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22
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Singh N, Yadav SS, Kumar S, Narashiman B. Ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and clinical studies on Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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An J, Zhao L, Duan R, Sun K, Lu W, Yang J, Liang Y, Liu J, Zhang Z, Li L, Shi J. Potential nanotherapeutic strategies for perioperative stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:510-520. [PMID: 35243774 PMCID: PMC8928924 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Based on the complex pathological environment of perioperative stroke, the development of targeted therapeutic strategies is important to control the development of perioperative stroke. DISCUSSIONS Recently, great progress has been made in nanotechnology, and nanodrug delivery systems have been developed for the treatment of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION In this review, the pathological processes and mechanisms of ischemic stroke during perioperative stroke onset were systematically sorted. As a potential treatment strategy for perioperative stroke, the review also summarizes the multifunctional nanodelivery systems based on ischemic stroke, thus providing insight into the nanotherapeutic strategies for perioperative stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ranran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Post-stroke Impairment of the Blood–Brain Barrier and Perifocal Vasogenic Edema Is Alleviated by Endovascular Mesenchymal Stem Cell Administration: Modulation of the PKCδ/MMP9/AQP4-Mediated Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2758-2775. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02761-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Sarmah D, Datta A, Kaur H, Kalia K, Borah A, Rodriguez AM, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Sirtuin-1 - Mediated NF-κB Pathway Modulation to Mitigate Inflammasome Signaling and Cellular Apoptosis is One of the Neuroprotective Effects of Intra-arterial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Following Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:821-838. [PMID: 35112234 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stroke results in long term serious disability that affect millions across the globe. Several clinical and preclinical studies have reinforced the therapeutic use of stem cells in stroke patients to enhance their quality of life. Previous studies from our lab have demonstrated that 1*105 allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) when given intraarterially (IA) render neuroprotection by modulating the expression of inflammasomes. Sirtuins are a class of important deacylases having a significant role in cellular functioning. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) is an important enzyme essential for regulating cellular metabolism, which is reduced following an ischemic episode. The present study aims to unviel the role of MSCs in regulating the brain SIRT-1 levels following stroke and the involvement of SIRT-1 in regulating inflammasome signaling to reduce cellular apoptosis towards rendering neuroprotection. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6 h post-reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), ovariectomized Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were infused intraarterially with 1*105 MSCs. 24 h after MCAo animals were examined for functional and behavioral outcomes. Brains were collected for assessing size of infarct and neuronal morphology. Molecular and immunofluroscence studies were also performed for assessing changes in gene and protein expressions. Extent of apoptosis was also determined in different groups. Inhibition study with SIRT-1 specific inhibitor EX-527 was also performed. RESULTS A reduction in infarct size and improvement in motor functional and behavioral outcomes following infusion of MSCs IA at 6 h post-stroke was observed. Increase in average neuronal density and neuronal length was also seen. Increased expression of SIRT-1, BDNF and concomitant reduction in the expression of different inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the brain cortical regions were observed following MSCs treatment. CONCLUSION Our study provides a preliminary evidence that post-stroke IA MSCs therapy regulates SIRT-1 to modulate NF-κB pathway to mitigate inflammasome signaling and cellular apoptosis. This study using IA approach for administering MSCs is highly relevant clinically. Our study is the first to report that neuroprotective effects of IA MSCs in rodent focal ischemia is mediated by SIRT-1 regulation of inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Wang YC, Lu YB, Huang XL, Lao YF, Zhang L, Yang J, Shi M, Ma HL, Pan YW, Zhang YN. Myeloperoxidase: a new target for the treatment of stroke? Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1711-1716. [PMID: 35017418 PMCID: PMC8820716 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.332130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase is an important inflammatory factor in the myeloid system, primarily expressed in neutrophils and microglia. Myeloperoxidase and its active products participate in the occurrence and development of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, including damage to the blood-brain barrier and brain. As a specific inflammatory marker, myeloperoxidase can be used in the evaluation of vascular disease occurrence and development in stroke, and a large amount of experimental and clinical data has indicated that the inhibition or lack of myeloperoxidase has positive impacts on stroke prognosis. Many studies have also shown that there is a correlation between the overexpression of myeloperoxidase and the risk of stroke. The occurrence of stroke not only refers to the first occurrence but also includes recurrence. Therefore, myeloperoxidase is significant for the clinical evaluation and prognosis of stroke. This paper reviews the potential role played by myeloperoxidase in the development of vascular injury and secondary brain injury after stroke and explores the effects of inhibiting myeloperoxidase on stroke prognosis. This paper also analyzes the significance of myeloperoxidase etiology in the occurrence and development of stroke and discusses whether myeloperoxidase can be used as a target for the treatment and prediction of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chang Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University; Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu-Bao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University; Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province; Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Feng Lao
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Mei Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hai-Long Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ya-Wen Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University; Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yi-Nian Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University; Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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27
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LI Y, S RAMASWAMY H, LI J, GAO Y, YANG C, ZHANG X, IRSHAD A, REN Y. Nutrient evaluation of the seed, pulp, flesh, and peel of spaghetti squash. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.70920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang LI
- Northwest A&F University, China
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Oxidative Stress in the Brain: Basic Concepts and Treatment Strategies in Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121886. [PMID: 34942989 PMCID: PMC8698986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of free radicals is inevitably associated with metabolism and other enzymatic processes. Under physiological conditions, however, free radicals are effectively eliminated by numerous antioxidant mechanisms. Oxidative stress occurs due to an imbalance between the production and elimination of free radicals under pathological conditions. Oxidative stress is also associated with ageing. The brain is prone to oxidative damage because of its high metabolic activity and high vulnerability to ischemic damage. Oxidative stress, thus, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic pathologies in the brain, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases. The goal of this article is to summarize the basic concepts of oxidative stress and its significance in brain pathologies, as well as to discuss treatment strategies for dealing with oxidative stress in stroke.
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Trigonelline Extends the Lifespan of C. Elegans and Delays the Progression of Age-Related Diseases by Activating AMPK, DAF-16, and HSF-1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7656834. [PMID: 34616504 PMCID: PMC8487828 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7656834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Trigonelline is the main alkaloid with bioactivity presented in fenugreek, which was used in traditional medicine in Asian countries for centuries. It is reported that trigonelline has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-pathogenic effects. We are wondering whether trigonelline have anti-aging effect. We found that 50 μM of trigonelline had the best anti-aging activity and could prolong the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) by about 17.9%. Trigonelline can enhance the oxidative, heat, and pathogenic stress resistance of C. elegans. Trigonelline could also delay the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, PD, and HD, in models of C. elegans. Trigonelline could not prolong the lifespan of long-lived worms with loss-of-function mutations in genes regulating energy and nutrition, such as clk-1, isp-1, eat-2, and rsks-1. Trigonelline requires daf-16, hsf-1, and aak-2 to extend the lifespan of C. elegans. Trigonelline can also up-regulate the expression of daf-16 and hsf-1 targeted downstream genes, such as sod-3, gst-4, hsp-16.1, and hsp-12.6. Our results can be the basis for developing trigonelline-rich products with health benefits, as well as for further research on the pharmacological usage of trigonelline.
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30
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Kaur H, Sarmah D, Veeresh P, Datta A, Kalia K, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Endovascular Stem Cell Therapy Post Stroke Rescues Neurons from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis by Modulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Signaling. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3745-3759. [PMID: 34553602 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is devastating, with serious long-term disabilities affecting millions of people worldwide. Growing evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) administration after stroke provides neuroprotection and enhances the quality of life in stroke patients. Previous studies from our lab have shown that 1 × 105 MSCs administered intra-arterially (IA) at 6 h post stroke provide neuroprotection through the modulation of inflammasome and calcineurin signaling. Ischemic stroke induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which exacerbates the pathology. The current study intends to understand the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) signaling in preventing apoptosis induced by ER stress post stroke following IA MSCs administration. Ischemic stroke was induced in ovariectomized female Sprague Dawley rats. The MSCs were administered IA, and animals were sacrificed at 24 h post stroke. Infarct area, neurological deficit score, motor coordination, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. The expression of various genes and proteins was assessed. An inhibition study was also carried out to confirm the involvement of BDNF/TrkB signaling in ER stress-induced apoptosis. IA-administered MSCs improved functional outcomes, reduced infarct area, increased neuronal survival, and normalized biochemical parameters. mRNA and protein expression of ER stress markers were reduced, while those of BDNF and TrkB were increased. Reduction in ER stress-mediated apoptosis was also observed. The present study shows that IA MSCs administration post stroke provides neuroprotection and can modulate ER stress-mediated apoptosis via the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Pabbala Veeresh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Dileep R. Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
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Neuroprotective Phytochemicals in Experimental Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Applications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6687386. [PMID: 34007405 PMCID: PMC8102108 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a challenging disease with high mortality and disability rates, causing a great economic and social burden worldwide. During ischemic stroke, ionic imbalance and excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation are developed in a relatively certain order, which then activate the cell death pathways directly or indirectly via the promotion of organelle dysfunction. Neuroprotection, a therapy that is aimed at inhibiting this damaging cascade, is therefore an important therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Notably, phytochemicals showed great neuroprotective potential in preclinical research via various strategies including modulation of calcium levels and antiexcitotoxicity, antioxidation, anti-inflammation and BBB protection, mitochondrial protection and antiapoptosis, autophagy/mitophagy regulation, and regulation of neurotrophin release. In this review, we summarize the research works that report the neuroprotective activity of phytochemicals in the past 10 years and discuss the neuroprotective mechanisms and potential clinical applications of 148 phytochemicals that belong to the categories of flavonoids, stilbenoids, other phenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Among them, scutellarin, pinocembrin, puerarin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, salvianolic acids, rosmarinic acid, borneol, bilobalide, ginkgolides, ginsenoside Rd, and vinpocetine show great potential in clinical ischemic stroke treatment. This review will serve as a powerful reference for the screening of phytochemicals with potential clinical applications in ischemic stroke or the synthesis of new neuroprotective agents that take phytochemicals as leading compounds.
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Bushueva O, Barysheva E, Markov A, Belykh A, Koroleva I, Churkin E, Polonikov A, Ivanov V, Nazarenko M. DNA Hypomethylation of the MPO Gene in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Is Associated with Cerebral Stroke in the Acute Phase. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1914-1932. [PMID: 33864596 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01840-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the oxidant-antioxidant system contributes to the pathogenesis of cerebral stroke (CS). Epigenetic changes of redox homeostasis genes, such as glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLM), glutathione-S-transferase-P1 (GSTP1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), may be biomarkers of CS. In this study, we assessed the association of DNA methylation levels of these genes with CS and clinical features of CS. We quantitatively analyzed DNA methylation patterns in the promoter or regulatory regions of 4 genes (GCLM, GSTP1, TXNRD1, and MPO) in peripheral blood leukocytes of 59 patients with CS in the acute phase and in 83 relatively healthy individuals (controls) without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We found that in both groups, the methylation level of CpG sites in genes TXNRD1 and GSTP1 was ≤ 5%. Lower methylation levels were registered at a CpG site (chr1:94,374,293, GRCh37 [hg19]) in GCLM in patients with ischemic stroke compared with the control group (9% [7%; 11.6%] (median and interquartile range) versus 14.7% [10.4%; 23%], respectively, p < 0.05). In the leukocytes of patients with CS, the methylation level of CpG sites in the analyzed region of MPO (chr17:56,356,470, GRCh3 [hg19]) on average was significantly lower (23.5% [19.3%; 26.7%]) than that in the control group (35.6% [30.4%; 42.6%], p < 0.05). We also found increased methylation of MPO in smokers with CS (27.2% [23.5%; 31.1%]) compared with nonsmokers with CS (21.7% [18.1%; 24.8%]). Thus, hypomethylation of CpG sites in GCLM and MPO in blood leukocytes is associated with CS in the acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bushueva
- Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia. .,Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Barysheva
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Anton Markov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Belykh
- Department of Pathophysiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Iuliia Koroleva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Egor Churkin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia.,Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ivanov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Maria Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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Khan H, Singh A, Thapa K, Garg N, Grewal AK, Singh TG. Therapeutic modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) pathway in cerebral ischemic injury. Brain Res 2021; 1761:147399. [PMID: 33662337 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury may leads to morbidity and mortality in patients. phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway has been believed to work in association with its downstream targets, other receptors, and pathways that may offer antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic effects, neuroprotective role in neuronal excitotoxicity. This review elaborates the mechanistic interventions of the PI3K pathway in cerebral ischemic injury in context to nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulation, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling (HIF-1), growth factors, Endothelial NOS (eNOS) proinflammatory cytokines, Erythropoietin (EPO), Phosphatase and tensin homologous protein of chromosome 10 gene (PTEN) signaling, NF-κB/Notch signaling, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) signaling pathway. Evidences showing the activation of PI3K inhibits apoptotic pathway, which results in its neuroprotective effect in ischemic injury. Despite discussing the therapeutic role of the PI3K pathway in treating cerebral ischemic injury, the review also enlighten the selective modulation of PI3K pathway with activators and inhibitors which may provide promising results in clinical and preclinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Komal Thapa
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Deng D, Qu Y, Sun L, Jia L, Bu J, Ye M, Chen Z, Geng Y, Zhou S, Fang B. Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction Promotes Angiogenesis Through the Rab1/AT1R Pathway in Diabetes Mellitus Complicated With Cerebral Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:616165. [PMID: 33679398 PMCID: PMC7925884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.616165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuyuan Xingnao decoction (FYXN), a traditional Chinese formula comprised of seven herbs, has been utilized to treat diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction (DMCI) for years. Yet, its protective and regulatory mechanism is poorly understood. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of FYXN on DMCI in vitro and in vivo, as well as its mechanism in angiogenesis. For in vivo experiments, FYXN was administered to DMCI rats with streptozotocin (STZ) injection-induced diabetes. Then middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was conducted and the cerebral cortex sections of the rats were obtained. The ultrastructure of cerebral microvessels and new vessel density of ischemic penumbra were evaluated by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels of Rab1/AT1R in cortex were assayed by Western blotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In vitro, FYXN serum was produced in rats on the fourth day 2 h after the last FYXN administration. Green fluorescence was observed after transfection with lentivirus packaged Rab1-WT or siRNA for 24 h. The activity of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) treated with sera from these rats was tested by MTT assay and Transwell assays, respectively. The expression of AT1R on the cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of BMECs was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Protein expression levels of signaling molecules in the Rab1/AT1R pathways were also detected. Results showed that in vivo, FYXN treatment significantly intensified CD31 staining in the cortical areas and enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of AT1R, Ang II, Rab1a, Rab1b and VEGF expression in ischemic cerebral cortex tissues. In vitro, the expression levels of AT1R, Ang II, Rab1a, Rab1b and VEGF in the cerebral infarction model group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with further increases after administration of FYXN drug serum. FYXN promoted the proliferation and migration of BMECs by activating the Rab1/AT1R signaling pathway. In conclusion, FYXN exerts a protective effect against DMCI by promoting angiogenesis via the Rab1/AT1R pathway, which provides strong evidence for the therapeutic effect of FYXN on DMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Deng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Qu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyang Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhong Bu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaoqing Ye
- Department of Liver Disease, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenyi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yun Geng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sarmah D, Banerjee M, Datta A, Kalia K, Dhar S, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:585-592. [PMID: 33242696 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Increasing developments in the field of nanotechnology have ignited its use in stroke diagnosis and treatment. The benefits of structural modification, ease of synthesis, and biocompatibility support the use of nanomaterials in the clinic. The pathophysiology of stroke is complex, involving different brain regions; hence, therapeutic agents are required to be delivered to specific regions. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be engineered to help improve the delivery and release of therapeutic agents in a localized manner, especially in the penumbra. This contributes not only to therapy, but also to neurosurgery and neuroimaging. Nanomaterials also offer high efficacy with few adverse effects. In this review, we provide a concise summary of the caveats associated with nanotechnology with respect to stroke therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Shanta Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Coffee Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010107. [PMID: 33374338 PMCID: PMC7795778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. It is usually identified as a stimulant because of a high content of caffeine. However, caffeine is not the only coffee bioactive component. The coffee beverage is in fact a mixture of a number of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, especially chlorogenic acids (in green beans) and caffeic acid (in roasted coffee beans), alkaloids (caffeine and trigonelline), and the diterpenes (cafestol and kahweol). Extensive research shows that coffee consumption appears to have beneficial effects on human health. Regular coffee intake may protect from many chronic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and some types of cancer. Importantly, coffee consumption seems to be also correlated with a decreased risk of developing some neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and dementia. Regular coffee intake may also reduce the risk of stroke. The mechanism underlying these effects is, however, still poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the neuroprotective potential of the main bioactive coffee components, i.e., caffeine, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, trigonelline, kahweol, and cafestol. Data from both in vitro and in vivo preclinical experiments, including their potential therapeutic applications, are reviewed and discussed. Epidemiological studies and clinical reports on this matter are also described. Moreover, potential molecular mechanism(s) by which coffee bioactive components may provide neuroprotection are reviewed.
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Chen S, Chen H, Du Q, Shen J. Targeting Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation for Reducing Brain Ischemia Injury: Potential Application of Natural Compounds. Front Physiol 2020; 11:433. [PMID: 32508671 PMCID: PMC7248223 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two critical pathological processes of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a critical inflammatory enzyme and therapeutic target triggering both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. MPO is presented in infiltrated neutrophils, activated microglial cells, neurons, and astrocytes in the ischemic brain. Activation of MPO can catalyze the reaction of chloride and H2O2 to produce HOCl. MPO also mediates oxidative stress by promoting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), modulating the polarization and inflammation-related signaling pathways in microglia and neutrophils. MPO can be a therapeutic target for attenuating oxidative damage and neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke. Targeting MPO with inhibitors or gene deficiency significantly reduced brain infarction and improved neurological outcomes. This article discusses the important roles of MPO in mediating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and reviews the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we summarize the active compounds from medicinal herbs with potential as MPO inhibitors for anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation to attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and as adjunct therapeutic agents for extending the window of thrombolytic treatment. We highlight that targeting MPO could be a promising strategy for alleviating ischemic brain injury, which merits further translational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaohui Du
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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38
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Qiu Z, Wang K, Jiang C, Su Y, Fan X, Li J, Xue S, Yao L. Trigonelline protects hippocampal neurons from oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 317:108946. [PMID: 31935362 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Trigonelline is a plant alkaloid that has generated interest for its neuroprotective roles in brain pathology. However, the protective effect of trigonelline on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the potential mechanism have not been fully evaluated. Our results showed that trigonelline pretreatment ameliorated oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced hippocampal neurons injury. The OGD/R-caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and decreased concentrations of superoxide dismutases (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were markedly attenuated by trigonelline. In addition, the increased levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in OGD/R-induced hippocampal neurons were significantly decreased by trigonelline pretreatment. Trigonelline also suppressed caspase-3 activity and bax expression, and induced bcl-2 expression in OGD/R-induced hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, trigonelline induced the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in hippocampal neurons exposed to OGD/R condition. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling reversed the protective effects of trigonelline on OGD/R-induced hippocampal neurons injury. Taken together, these findings indicated that trigonelline protected hippocampal neurons from OGD/R-induced injury, which was mediated by the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- The Third Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China; Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuqiang Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xiaoying Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Sha Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Xidian Group, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, China.
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Intra-arterial Stem Cell Therapy Diminishes Inflammasome Activation After Ischemic Stroke: a Possible Role of Acid Sensing Ion Channel 1a. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 71:419-426. [PMID: 31820348 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies from our lab demonstrated that 1 × 105 intra-arterial mesenchymal stem cells (IA MSCs) at 6 h following ischemic stroke are efficacious owing to its maximum homing due to elevated stromal derived factor 1 (SDF1) in the tissue. Further, IA MSCs could abate the infarct progression, improve functional outcome, and decrease expression of calcineurin by modifying neuronal Ca2+ channels following ischemic stroke. Since stroke pathology also encompasses acidosis that worsens the condition; hence, the role of acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) in this context could not be overlooked. ASIC1a being the major contributor towards acidosis triggers Ca2+ ions overload which progressively contributes towards exacerbation of neuronal injury following ischemic insult. Inflammasome involvement in ischemic stroke is well reported as activated ASIC1a increases the expression of inflammasome in a pH-dependent manner to trigger inflammatory cascade. Hence, the current study aimed to identify if IA MSCs can decrease the production of inflammasome by attenuating ASIC1a expression to render neuroprotection. Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) for 90 min were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 1 × 105 MSCs IA at 6 h to check for the expression of ASIC1a and inflammasome in different groups. Inhibition studies were carried out to explore the underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrate that IA MSCs improves functional outcome and oxidative stress parameters, and decreases the expression of ASIC1a and inflammasomes in the cortical brain region after ischemic stroke. This study offers a preliminary evidence of the role of IA MSCs in regulating inflammasome by modulating ASIC1a.
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Kotian V, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Kesharwani R, Verma G, Mounica L, Veeresh P, Kalia K, Borah A, Wang X, Dave KR, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Evolving Evidence of Calreticulin as a Pharmacological Target in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2629-2646. [PMID: 31017385 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR), a lectin-like ER chaperone, was initially known only for its housekeeping function, but today it is recognized for many versatile roles in different compartments of a cell. Apart from canonical roles in protein folding and calcium homeostasis, it performs a variety of noncanonical roles, mostly in CNS development. In the past, studies have linked Calreticulin with various other biological components which are detrimental in deciding the fate of neurons. Many neurological disorders that differ in their etiology are commonly associated with aberrant levels of Calreticulin, that lead to modulation of apoptosis and phagocytosis, and impact on transcriptional pathways, impairment in proteostatis, and calcium imbalances. Such multifaceted properties of Calreticulin are the reason why it has been implicated in vital roles of the nervous system in recent years. Hence, understanding its role in the physiology of neurons would help to unearth its involvement in the spectrum of neurological disorders. This Review aims toward exploring the interplay of Calreticulin in neurological disorders which would aid in targeting Calreticulin for developing novel neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Kotian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Radhika Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Geetesh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Leela Mounica
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pabbala Veeresh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kunjan R. Dave
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Dileep R. Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Kesharwani R, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Mounika L, Verma G, Pabbala V, Kotian V, Kalia K, Borah A, Dave KR, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Interplay between Mitophagy and Inflammasomes in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2195-2208. [PMID: 30917655 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy and inflammasomes have a pivotal role in the development of neuropathology. Molecular mechanisms behind mitophagy and inflammasomes are well-understood, but lacunae prevail in understanding the crosstalk between them in various neurological disorders. As mitochondrial dysfunction is the prime event in neurodegeneration, the clearance of impaired mitochondria is one of the main tasks for maintaining cell integrity in the majority of neuropathologies. Along with it, inflammasome activation also plays a major role, which is usually followed by mitochondrial dysfunction. The present review highlights basics of autophagy, mitophagy, and inflammasomes and the molecular mechanisms involved, and more importantly, it tries to elaborate the interplay between mitophagy and inflammasomes in various neurological disorders. This will help in upgrading the reader's understanding in exploring the link between mitophagy and inflammasomes, which has dealt with limitations in past studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Leela Mounika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Geetesh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Veeresh Pabbala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Vignesh Kotian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-788 011, Assam, India
| | - Kunjan R. Dave
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Dileep R. Yavagal
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar-382 355, Gujarat, India
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