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Niri P, Saha A, Polopalli S, Kumar M, Das S, Chattopadhyay P. Role of biomarkers and molecular signaling pathways in acute lung injury. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:640-657. [PMID: 38279523 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. When pathogens invade the lungs, the immune system responds by producing cytokines, chemokines, and interferons to promote the infiltration of phagocytic cells, which are essential for pathogen clearance. Their excess production causes an overactive immune response and a pathological hyper-inflammatory state, which leads to ALI. Until now, there is no particular pharmaceutical treatment available for ALI despite known inflammatory mediators like neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). OBJECTIVES Therefore, the primary objective of this review is to provide the clear overview on the mechanisms controlling NETs, ROS formation, and other relevant processes during the pathogenesis of ALI. In addition, we have discussed the significance of epithelial and endothelial damage indicators and several molecular signaling pathways associated with ALI. METHODS The literature review was done from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar for ALI, NETs, ROS, inflammation, biomarkers, Toll- and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, alveolar damage, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and epithelial/endothelial damage alone or in combination. RESULTS This review summarized the main clinical signs of ALI, including the regulation and distinct function of epithelial and endothelial biomarkers, NETs, ROS, and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). CONCLUSION However, no particular drugs including vaccine for ALI has been established. Furthermore, there is a lack of validated diagnostic tools and a poor predictive rationality of current therapeutic biomarkers. Hence, extensive and precise research is required to speed up the process of drug testing and development by the application of artificial intelligence technologies, structure-based drug design, in-silico approaches, and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakter Niri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Subramanyam Polopalli
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Sanghita Das
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
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Gupta N, Paryani M, Patel S, Bariya A, Srivastava A, Pathak Y, Butani S. Therapeutic Strategies for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - Thriving Present and Promising Tomorrow. J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 64:779-798. [PMID: 38346921 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a continuous, progressive, and lethal age-related respiratory disease. It is characterized by condensed and rigid lung tissue, which leads to a decline in the normal functioning of the lungs. The pathophysiology of IPF has still not been completely elucidated, so current strategies are lagging behind with respect to improving the condition of patients with IPF and increasing their survival rate. The desire for a better understanding of the pathobiology of IPF and its early detection has led to the identification of various biomarkers associated with IPF. The use of drugs such as pirfenidone and nintedanib as a safe and effective treatment alternative have marked a new chapter in the treatment of IPF. However, nonpharmacological therapies, involving long-term oxygen therapy, transplantation of the lungs, pulmonary rehabilitation, ventilation, and palliative care for cough and dyspnea, are still considered to be beneficial as supplementary methods for IPF therapy. A major risk factor for IPF is aging, with associated hallmarks such as telomere attrition, senescence, epigenetic drift, stem cell exhaustion, loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These are promising earmarks for the development of potential therapy for the disease. In this review, we have discussed current and emerging novel therapeutic strategies for IPF, especially for targets associated with age-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gupta
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Mitali Paryani
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Snehal Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Aditi Bariya
- Arihant School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Adalaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anshu Srivastava
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Yashwant Pathak
- USF Health Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Shital Butani
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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3
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Boutin JA, Hamon de Almeida V, Coussay N, Legros C, Ferry G, Reybier K. Melatonin facts: Melatonin lacks immuno-inflammation boosting capacities at the molecular and cellular levels. Biochimie 2024; 222:195-202. [PMID: 38508513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Among the properties melatonin is claimed to possess, are the immuno-inflammation inductive capacities that would be responsible of some of the paramount of activities melatonin is reported to have in most of the human pathological conditions. In the present paper, we measured the effect of melatonin on established cellular models of immuno-inflammation, and found none. The discrepancies are discussed, especially because those properties are reported at pharmacological concentration (1 μM and beyond) at which the melatonin receptors are desensitized by internalization, leading to putative non-receptor-dependent mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Boutin
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication (NorDiC), University Rouen Normandie, INSERM, NorDiC UMR 1239, F-76000, Rouen, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Karine Reybier
- Pharma-Dev UMR 152, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UT3, Toulouse, France
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4
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Badiche-El Hilali F, Medeiros-Fonseca B, Silva J, Silvestre-Ferreira AC, Pires MJ, Gil da Costa RM, Peixoto F, Oliveira PA, Valero D. The Effect of Lemon Juice ( Citrus limon L.) Treated with Melatonin on the Health Status and Treatment of K14HPV16 Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:588. [PMID: 38790693 PMCID: PMC11117883 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Lemon is a fruit rich in antioxidant properties and has several health benefits, namely the reduction of skin edema and anticarcinogenic properties, which are due to its high content of bioactive compounds. Melatonin can improve and preserve the properties of lemon for longer and also has health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral administration of lemon juice after melatonin treatment on murinometric parameters of wild-type (WT) mice and transgenic mice carrying human papillomavirus (HPV). Two trials were performed for oral administration of the lemon extract compound: in drinking water and in diet. First of all, lemons were treated by immersion with melatonin at 10 mM. Then, lemons were squeezed, and the juice obtained was freeze-dried and stored to be subsequently added to drinking water or diet, according to the assay. Thus, mice were divided into eight groups in the drink assay (each with n = 5): group 1 (G1, WT, control), group 2 (G2, WT, 1 mL lemon), group 3 (G3, WT, 1.5 mL lemon), group 4 (G4, WT, 2 mL lemon), group 5 (G5, HPV16, control), group 6 (G6, HPV16, 1 mL lemon) group 7 (G6, HPV16, 1.5 mL lemon) and group 8 (G6, HPV16, 2 mL lemon). The diet assay was divided into four groups: group 1 (G1, WT, control), group 2 (G2, WT, 4 mL lemon), group 3 (G3, HPV16, control) and group 4 (G4, HPV16, 4 mL lemon). In the drink assay, the highest concentration of melatonin (308 ng/100 mL) was for groups 4 and 8, while in the food assay, there was only one concentration of melatonin (9.96 ng/g) for groups 2 and 4. Both trials lasted 30 days. During this time, body weight, food and water were recorded. Afterward, they were sacrificed, and samples were collected for different analyses. At the concentrations used, the lemon juice with melatonin had no adverse effects on the animals' health and showed a positive outcome in modifying weight gain and enhancing antioxidant activity in mice. Moreover, a reduction in the incidence of histological lesions was observed in treated animals. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of lemon extract on health and treatment outcomes in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Badiche-El Hilali
- Department AgroFood Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jéssica Silva
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Silvestre-Ferreira
- Center for Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria João Pires
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui M. Gil da Costa
- Post-Graduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65085-580, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantins Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL), Imperatriz 6591-480, Brazil
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- Chemistry Center-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Biological and Environment Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department AgroFood Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
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Cen H, Sun M, Zheng B, Peng W, Wen Q, Lin Z, Zhang X, Zhou N, Zhu G, Yu X, Zhang L, Liang L. Hyaluronic acid modified nanocarriers for aerosolized delivery of verteporfin in the treatment of acute lung injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131386. [PMID: 38582458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Verteporfin (VER), a photosensitizer used in macular degeneration therapy, has shown promise in controlling macrophage polarization and alleviating inflammation in acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, its hydrophobicity, limited bioavailability, and side effects hinder its therapeutic potential. In this study, we aimed to enhance the therapeutic potential of VER through pulmonary nebulized drug delivery for ALI/ARDS treatment. We combined hydrophilic hyaluronic acid (HA) with an oil-in-water system containing a poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymer of VER to synthesize HA@PLGA-VER (PHV) nanoparticles with favorable surface characteristics to improve the bioavailability and targeting ability of VER. PHV possesses suitable electrical properties, a narrow size distribution (approximately 200 nm), and favorable stability. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the excellent biocompatibility, safety, and anti-inflammatory responses of the PHV by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization while inducing M2 polarization. The in vivo experiments indicated that the treatment with aerosolized nano-VER (PHV) allowed more drugs to accumulate and penetrate into the lungs, improved the pulmonary function and attenuated lung injury, and mortality of ALI mice, achieving improved therapeutic outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of PHV as a promising delivery system via nebulization for enhancing the therapeutic effects of VER in ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Cen
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Mingna Sun
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Bingyu Zheng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Weijie Peng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Qiqi Wen
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Zhongxiao Lin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Guanxiong Zhu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
| | - Lu Liang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Province, NMPA and State Key Laboratory, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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6
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Jin JB, Li J, Wang HB, Hu JB, Yang CL. Engineering of VCAM-1-targeted nanostructured lipid carriers for delivery of melatonin against acute lung injury through SIRT1/NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130637. [PMID: 38490396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a prevalent and critical condition in clinical practice. Although certain pharmacological interventions have demonstrated benefits in preclinical studies, none have been proven entirely effective thus far. Therefore, the development of more efficient treatment strategies for ALI is imperative. In this study, we prepared nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) conjugated with anti-VCAM-1 antibodies to encapsulate melatonin (MLT), resulting in VCAM/MLT NLCs. This approach aimed to enhance the distribution of melatonin in lung vascular endothelial cells. The VCAM/MLT NLCs had an average diameter of 364 nm, high drug loading content, and a sustained drug release profile. Notably, the NLCs conjugated with anti-VCAM-1 antibodies demonstrated more specific cellular delivery mediated by the VCAM-1 receptors, increased cellular internalization, and enhanced accumulation in lung tissues. Treatment with VCAM/MLT NLCs effectively alleviated pulmonary inflammation by activating NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis through up-regulation of Sirtuin 1. Our findings suggest that VCAM/MLT NLCs demonstrate remarkable therapeutic effects on ALI in both in vitro and in vivo settings, making them a promising and efficient treatment strategy for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo University Affiliated Yangming Hospital, Yuyao, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo University Affiliated Yangming Hospital, Yuyao, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo University Affiliated Yangming Hospital, Yuyao, China
| | - Jing-Bo Hu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chun-Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo University Affiliated Yangming Hospital, Yuyao, China.
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Jantan I, Norahmad NA, Yuandani, Haque MA, Mohamed-Hussein ZA, Mohd Abd Razak MR, Syed Mohamed AF, Lam KW, Ibrahim S. Inhibitory effect of food-functioned phytochemicals on dysregulated inflammatory pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2: a mechanistic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38619217 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2341266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory cascades of the dysregulated inflammatory pathways in COVID-19 can cause excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines leading to cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). The molecular cascades involved in the pathways may be targeted for discovery of new anti-inflammatory agents. Many plant extracts have been used clinically in the management of COVID-19, however, their immunosuppressive activities were mainly investigated based on in silico activity. Dietary flavonoids of the extracts such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringenin, isorhamnetin, baicalein, wogonin, and rutin were commonly identified as responsible for their inhibitory effects. The present review critically analyzes the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals, including dietary compounds against cytokine storm (CS) and hyperinflammation via inhibition of the altered inflammatory pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2, published since the emergence of COVID-19 in December 2019. Only a few phytochemicals, mainly dietary compounds such as nanocurcumin, melatonin, quercetin, 6-shagoal, kaempferol, resveratrol, andrographolide, and colchicine have been investigated either in in silico or preliminary clinical studies to evaluate their anti-inflammatory effects against COVID-19. Sufficient pre-clinical studies on safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory effects of the phytochemicals must be performed prior to proper clinical studies to develop them into therapeutic adjuvants in the prevention and treatmemt of COVID-19 symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Nor Azrina Norahmad
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yuandani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Kok Wai Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
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Naidu AS, Wang CK, Rao P, Mancini F, Clemens RA, Wirakartakusumah A, Chiu HF, Yen CH, Porretta S, Mathai I, Naidu SAG. Precision nutrition to reset virus-induced human metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation (HMRD) in long-COVID. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:19. [PMID: 38555403 PMCID: PMC10981760 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, is devoid of any metabolic capacity; therefore, it is critical for the viral pathogen to hijack host cellular metabolic machinery for its replication and propagation. This single-stranded RNA virus with a 29.9 kb genome encodes 14 open reading frames (ORFs) and initiates a plethora of virus-host protein-protein interactions in the human body. These extensive viral protein interactions with host-specific cellular targets could trigger severe human metabolic reprogramming/dysregulation (HMRD), a rewiring of sugar-, amino acid-, lipid-, and nucleotide-metabolism(s), as well as altered or impaired bioenergetics, immune dysfunction, and redox imbalance in the body. In the infectious process, the viral pathogen hijacks two major human receptors, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 and/or neuropilin (NRP)-1, for initial adhesion to cell surface; then utilizes two major host proteases, TMPRSS2 and/or furin, to gain cellular entry; and finally employs an endosomal enzyme, cathepsin L (CTSL) for fusogenic release of its viral genome. The virus-induced HMRD results in 5 possible infectious outcomes: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe to fatal episodes; while the symptomatic acute COVID-19 condition could manifest into 3 clinical phases: (i) hypoxia and hypoxemia (Warburg effect), (ii) hyperferritinemia ('cytokine storm'), and (iii) thrombocytosis (coagulopathy). The mean incubation period for COVID-19 onset was estimated to be 5.1 days, and most cases develop symptoms after 14 days. The mean viral clearance times were 24, 30, and 39 days for acute, severe, and ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients, respectively. However, about 25-70% of virus-free COVID-19 survivors continue to sustain virus-induced HMRD and exhibit a wide range of symptoms that are persistent, exacerbated, or new 'onset' clinical incidents, collectively termed as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or long COVID. PASC patients experience several debilitating clinical condition(s) with >200 different and overlapping symptoms that may last for weeks to months. Chronic PASC is a cumulative outcome of at least 10 different HMRD-related pathophysiological mechanisms involving both virus-derived virulence factors and a multitude of innate host responses. Based on HMRD and virus-free clinical impairments of different human organs/systems, PASC patients can be categorized into 4 different clusters or sub-phenotypes: sub-phenotype-1 (33.8%) with cardiac and renal manifestations; sub-phenotype-2 (32.8%) with respiratory, sleep and anxiety disorders; sub-phenotype-3 (23.4%) with skeleto-muscular and nervous disorders; and sub-phenotype-4 (10.1%) with digestive and pulmonary dysfunctions. This narrative review elucidates the effects of viral hijack on host cellular machinery during SARS-CoV-2 infection, ensuing detrimental effect(s) of virus-induced HMRD on human metabolism, consequential symptomatic clinical implications, and damage to multiple organ systems; as well as chronic pathophysiological sequelae in virus-free PASC patients. We have also provided a few evidence-based, human randomized controlled trial (RCT)-tested, precision nutrients to reset HMRD for health recovery of PASC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Satyanarayan Naidu
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA.
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, 232659 Via del Rio, Yorba Linda, CA, 92887, USA.
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pingfan Rao
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, No.1, Campus New Village, Longjiang Street, Fuqing City, Fujian, China
| | - Fabrizio Mancini
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- President-Emeritus, Parker University, 2540 Walnut Hill Lane, Dallas, TX, 75229, USA
| | - Roger A Clemens
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- University of Southern California, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy/D. K. Kim International Center for Regulatory & Quality Sciences, 1540 Alcazar St., CHP 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Aman Wirakartakusumah
- International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST), Guelph, ON, Canada
- IPMI International Business School Jakarta; South East Asian Food and Agriculture Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health & Well-being, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Yen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sebastiano Porretta
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- President, Italian Association of Food Technology (AITA), Milan, Italy
- Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry, Department of Consumer Science, Viale Tanara 31/a, I-43121, Parma, Italy
| | - Issac Mathai
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- Soukya International Holistic Health Center, Whitefield, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sreus A G Naidu
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, 232659 Via del Rio, Yorba Linda, CA, 92887, USA
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Duhan J, Kumar H, Obrai S. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials Based Optical Sensors for the Detection of Melatonin and Serotonin. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03647-3. [PMID: 38436821 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03647-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this review paper we discussed the detection of melatonin and serotonin by using various optical methods. Melatonin and serotonin are very necessary body hormones these are also called neuroregulatory hormones secreted by pineal gland in brain by pinealocytes and shape of pineal gland is cone like. Sensitive detection of melatonin and serotonin in pharmacological samples and human serum is crucial for human beings, lots of research publications available in literature for melatonin and serotonin and we overviewed these papers. We have deeply reviewed many research papers where sensitively sensing of melatonin and serotonin occurs, by using of various interfering agents and nanomaterials. This review aims presenting colorimetry, fluorometry and spectrophotometric detection of melatonin (MEL) and serotonin (SER) by using different metal oxides, carbon nanomaterials (nanosheets, nanorods, nanofibers) and many other agents. Nanomaterials typically possess favourable optical, electrical and mechanical characteristics, they provide up new avenues for enhancing the efficacy of sensors. It is crucial to provide an optical sensors platform that is dependable, sensitive and low price. The development of sensors and biosensors to use nanomaterials for neurotransmitters has advanced significantly in recent years. There are currently many developing biomarkers in biological fluids, and bionanomaterial-based biosensor systems, as well as clinical and pharmacological settings, have garnered significant interest. Biomarkers have been found using optical devices in a quick, selective and sensitive manner. Our aim is to compile all the data that already published on MEL, SER sensing and comparison of each method, we mainly focused on principle, observations, sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, mechanism behind the reaction, effect of temperature, pH and concentration. In the last of this paper, we discuss some challenges of these methods and future projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Duhan
- Dr BR Ambedkar national institute of technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Himanshu Kumar
- Dr BR Ambedkar national institute of technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Sangeeta Obrai
- Dr BR Ambedkar national institute of technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
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10
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Jia L, Beidelschies M, Evans JM, Niemtzow RC, Niemtzow SZ, Dusek JA, Lin Y, Wu C, Su YC, Wang CJ, Lin CY, Astana PRW, Ardiyanto D, Hardjoutomo R, Visithanon K, Puagkong J, Chokpaisarn J, Lopez MV, Yotsuyanagi H, Lee MS, Ramirez HJG, Bobadilla CP, Quinteros EMG, Galanti de la Paz M, Maramba-Lazarte CC. Recommendations and guidelines of integrative medicine for COVID-19 care: The APEC project outcome. Integr Med Res 2024; 13:101022. [PMID: 38434793 PMCID: PMC10907161 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2024.101022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This article - Recommendations and Guidelines of Integrative Medicine (IM) for COVID-19 Care - was one of the outcomes from an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Project (Integrative Medicine (IM) and COVID -19 Care) during the time between May 2022 and March 2023. With the efforts from care providers, researchers, health policy makers and healthcare administrative leaders among APEC economies, the purpose of this file was to provide comprehensive IM systems for COVID-19 care as recommendations and suggestive guidelines including care methods, tools, procedures, symptom conditions and targets selections, and points need to be considered during care applications. All cited COVID-19 care practices have confirmed their efficacy and usefulness either used alone or combined with conventional medicine. This article provides current useful medical information on IM for COVID-19 care which could benefit APEC economies and world health communities on their healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - C. Jason Wang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Taipei
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Chinese Taipei
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - APEC Health Working Group
- National Cancer Institute, USA
- Cleveland Clinic, USA
- The Center for Functional Medicine, USA
- The US Air Force Medical Corps, USA
- Connor Whole Health, USA
- Food and Drug Administration, USA
- Stanford University, USA
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Taipei
- Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Chinese Taipei
- Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta, Indonesia
- Ministry of Health, Indonesia
- Public Health Management, Ministry of Health, Indonesia
- Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Thailand
- Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
- National University of San Marcos, Peru
- University of Tokyo, Japan
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Republic of Korea
- Complementary Care System, Mexico
- Academic Network of Integrative Medicine and Health, Chile
- Ministry of Health, Chile
- Academic University of Chile, Chile
- National Institutes of Health, Philippines
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11
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Maliha ST, Fatemi R, Araf Y. COVID-19 and the brain: understanding the pathogenesis and consequences of neurological damage. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:318. [PMID: 38386201 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been known remarkably since December 2019 as a strain of pathogenic coronavirus. Starting from the earlier stages of the COVID-19 pandemic until now, we have witnessed many cases of neurological damage caused by SARS-CoV-2. There are many studies and research conducted on COVID-19-positive-patients that have found brain-related abnormalities with clear neurological symptoms, ranging from simple headaches to life-threatening strokes. For treating neurological damage, knowing the actual pathway or mechanism of causing brain damage via SARS-CoV-2 is very important. For this reason, we have tried to explain the possible pathways of brain damage due to SARS-CoV-2 with mechanisms and illustrations. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the human body by binding to specific ACE2 receptors in the targeted cells, which are present in the glial cells and CNS neurons of the human brain. It is found that direct and indirect infections with SARS-CoV-2 in the brain result in endothelial cell death, which alters the BBB tight junctions. These probable alterations can be the reason for the excessive transmission and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in the human brain. In this precise review, we have tried to demonstrate the neurological symptoms in the case of COVID-19-positive-patients and the possible mechanisms of neurological damage, along with the treatment options for brain-related abnormalities. Knowing the transmission mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 in the human brain can assist us in generating novel treatments associated with neuroinflammation in other brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Tasnim Maliha
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rabeya Fatemi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, East West University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Yusha Araf
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
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12
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Zaman R, Ravichandran V, Tan CK. Role of dietary supplements in the continuous battle against COVID-19. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1071-1088. [PMID: 38168043 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was a big blow to the world community on every level. Created by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which was previously unknown to the human immune system. The expert opinion almost immediately united on the fact that the most effective way of fighting the pandemic would be by building immunity artificially via a mass immunization program. However, it took about a year for the approval of the first vaccine against COVID-19. In the meantime, a big part of the general population started adapting nutritious diet plans and dietary supplements to boost natural immunity as a potential prophylactic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Whether they originate from mainstream medicine, such as synthetic supplements, or traditional herbal remedies in the form of single or poly-herbs, these supplements may comprise various components that exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial characteristics. There is a substantial body of predictions and expert opinions suggesting that enhancing one's diet with dietary supplements containing additional nutrients and bioactive compounds like vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, phytochemicals, and probiotics can enhance the immune system's ability to develop resistance against COVID-19, although none of them have any conclusive evidence nor officially recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The current review critically acclaims the gap between public perception-based preference and real evidence-based study to weigh the actual benefit of dietary supplements in relation to COVID-19 prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahela Zaman
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vignesh Ravichandran
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Keat Tan
- School of Healthy Aging, Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Mansour HM. The interference between SARS-COV-2 and Alzheimer's disease: Potential immunological and neurobiological crosstalk from a kinase perspective reveals a delayed pandemic. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102195. [PMID: 38244862 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected over 700 million people, with up to 30% developing neurological manifestations, including dementias. However, there is a lack of understanding of common molecular brain markers causing Alzheimer's disease (AD). COVID-19 has etiological cofactors with AD, making patients with AD a vulnerable population at high risk of experiencing more severe symptoms and worse consequences. Both AD and COVID-19 have upregulated several shared kinases, leading to the repositioning of kinase inhibitors (KIs) for the treatment of both diseases. This review provides an overview of the interactions between the immune system and the nervous system in relation to receptor tyrosine kinases, including epidermal growth factor receptors, vascular growth factor receptors, and non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as Bruton tyrosine kinase, spleen tyrosine kinase, c-ABL, and JAK/STAT. We will discuss the promising results of kinase inhibitors in pre-clinical and clinical studies for both COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as the challenges in repositioning KIs for these diseases. Understanding the shared kinases between AD and COVID-19 could help in developing therapeutic approaches for both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Mansour
- General Administration of Innovative Products, Central Administration of Biological, Innovative Products, and Clinical Studies (Bio-INN), Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
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14
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Mahjoub L, Youssef R, Yaakoubi H, Salah HB, Jaballah R, Mejri M, Sekma A, Trabelsi I, Nouira S, Khrouf M, Soltane HB, Mezgar Z, Boukadida L, Zorgati A, Boukef R. Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: A prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:95-100. [PMID: 37419768 PMCID: PMC10281695 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin, zinc, and multivitamins are among most recommended supplements in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of this association in the treatment of COVID-19 and COVID-like illnesses. METHODS We conducted a multicenter prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Patients with no medical history consulting the emergency department for covid and covid-like illness and who were not hospitalized were included. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the treatment or the placebo group. The primary outcome was studying the effectiveness of zinc multivitamin supplement and melatonin in the treatment of COVID and -like illnesses symptoms' according to the time from randomization to clinical improvement. The pre-specified secondary outcomes were date of disappearance of symptoms present on admission, appearance of an adverse effect due to the administration of the treatment, number of patients developing complications, requiring hospitalization, requiring respiratory support. RESULTS One hundred sixty four patients were eligible for the study and were randomized to either the treatment group or the placebo group. Overall, 128 of the 164 patients had a PCR for SARS-CoV-2, yielding a positive PCR result in 49.1% of them. Regarding the disappearance of all initial presenting symptoms: on the 5th day of the follow-up, there was a significant difference between the two groups with a p value 0.04;On the 10th day, there was a significant difference too with p value of 0.038. There were no significant differences between the two groups in recovery during the 15th day of follow-up p>0.5. Finally, 100% of patients fully recovered in the treatment group vs 98.8% in the placebo group. No severe adverse events were reported throughout the trial. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that daily doses of Melatonin, zinc and vitamins did significantly reduce the duration of symptoms accelerating its disappearance among patients consulting with COVID-19 or COVID-19 like illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Mahjoub
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rym Youssef
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Yaakoubi
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Houda Ben Salah
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Jaballah
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Moez Mejri
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Adel Sekma
- Research Laboratory LR12SP18, Monastir University, 5019 Tunisia
| | - Imen Trabelsi
- Research Laboratory LR12SP18, Monastir University, 5019 Tunisia
| | - Semir Nouira
- Research Laboratory LR12SP18, Monastir University, 5019 Tunisia
| | - Mariem Khrouf
- Emergency department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4031 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Houda Ben Soltane
- Emergency department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4031 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Zied Mezgar
- Emergency department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4031 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Boukadida
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Asma Zorgati
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Boukef
- Emergency Department, Sahloul University Hospital, 4011 Sousse, Tunisia
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15
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Hassanpour K, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Khafaei M, Hosseini A, Farnoosh G, Badri T, Akbariqomi M. Sleep as a likely immunomodulation agent: novel approach in the treatment of COVID-19. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2166131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Hassanpour
- Medical School, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Hosseini
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreaza Farnoosh
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taleb Badri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Akbariqomi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Andrechuk CRS, Caliari JDS, Santos MAD, Pereira FH, Oliveira HC, Ceolim MF. Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en los trastornos del sueño de profesionales de enfermería. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6043.3794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: analizar los factores relacionados con los trastornos del sueño que informaron los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: se trata de un estudio transversal y analítico realizado con profesionales de enfermería de todas las regiones de Brasil. Se recolectaron datos sobre caracterización sociodemográfica, condiciones de trabajo y preguntas sobre trastornos del sueño. Para estimar el Riesgo Relativo se utilizó el modelo de regresión de Poisson con medidas repetidas. Resultados: se analizaron 572 respuestas, que revelaron que durante la pandemia predominaron la duración del sueño no ideal, la mala calidad del sueño y los sueños sobre el ambiente laboral, con 75,2%, 67,1% y 66,8% respectivamente, además 523 (91,4%), 440 (76,9%) y 419 (73,2%) profesionales de enfermería manifestaron quejas de dificultad para conciliar el sueño, somnolencia diurna y sueño no reparador durante la pandemia, respectivamente. El riesgo relativo de padecer trastornos del sueño durante la pandemia fue significativo para todas las variables y categorías estudiadas. Conclusión: la duración del sueño no ideal, la mala calidad del sueño, los sueños sobre el ambiente laboral, las quejas de dificultad para conciliar el sueño, la somnolencia diurna y el sueño no reparador fueron los trastornos del sueño predominantes en los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia. Estos hallazgos indican posibles consecuencias para la salud, así como para la calidad del trabajo realizado.
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17
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Andrechuk CRS, Caliari JDS, Santos MAD, Pereira FH, Oliveira HC, Ceolim MF. O impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nas alterações do sono de profissionais de enfermagem. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6043.3796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: analisar os fatores relacionados às alterações no sono relatadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem de todas as regiões do Brasil. Foram coletados dados de caracterização sociodemográfica, condições de trabalho e questões sobre alterações de sono. Para estimar o Risco Relativo foi utilizado o modelo de regressão de Poisson com medidas repetidas. Resultados: foram analisadas 572 respostas, as quais revelaram que a duração não ideal do sono, a má qualidade do sono e os sonhos com o ambiente de trabalho foram predominantes durante a pandemia, com 75,2%, 67,1% e 66,8% respectivamente, assim como as queixas de dificuldade ao dormir, sonolência diurna e sono não restaurador durante a pandemia foram relatadas por 523 (91,4%), 440 (76,9%) e 419 (73,2%) dos profissionais de enfermagem, respectivamente. O risco relativo de apresentar tais alterações de sono, durante a pandemia foi significativo para todas as variáveis e as categorias estudadas. Conclusão: duração não ideal do sono, má qualidade do sono, sonhos com o ambiente de trabalho, queixas de dificuldade ao dormir, sonolência diurna e sono não restaurador foram as alterações do sono predominantes entre os profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia. Estes achados apontam para possíveis consequências na saúde, bem como na qualidade do trabalho realizado.
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18
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Pérez-Torres I, Aisa-Álvarez A, Casarez-Alvarado S, Borrayo G, Márquez-Velasco R, Guarner-Lans V, Manzano-Pech L, Cruz-Soto R, Gonzalez-Marcos O, Fuentevilla-Álvarez G, Gamboa R, Saucedo-Orozco H, Franco-Granillo J, Soto ME. Impact of Treatment with Antioxidants as an Adjuvant to Standard Therapy in Patients with Septic Shock: Analysis of the Correlation between Cytokine Storm and Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16610. [PMID: 38068931 PMCID: PMC10706209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is lost or becomes dysfunctional during septic shock due to the activation of the inflammatory response and the deregulation of oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy administered alongside standard treatment could restore this lost homeostasis. We included 131 patients with septic shock who were treated with standard treatment and vitamin C (Vit C), vitamin E (Vit E), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), or melatonin (MT), in a randomized trial. Organ damage quantified by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and we determined levels of Interleukins (IL) IL1β, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Transforming growth factor B (TGFβ), IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and Interferon-γ (IFNγ). The SOFA score decreased in patients treated with Vit C, NAC, and MT. Patients treated with MT had statistically significantly reduced of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-10 levels. Lipid peroxidation, Nitrates and nitrites (NO3- and NO2-), glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase decreased after treatment with Vit C, Vit E, NAC, and MT. The levels of thiols recovered with the use of Vit E, and all patients treated with antioxidants maintained their selenium levels, in contrast with controls (p = 0.04). The findings regarding oxidative stress markers and cytokines after treatment with antioxidants allow us to consider to future the combined use of antioxidants in a randomized clinical trial with a larger sample to demonstrate the reproducibility of these beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Pérez-Torres
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (I.P.-T.); (L.M.-P.)
| | - Alfredo Aisa-Álvarez
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - Sergio Casarez-Alvarado
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Gabriela Borrayo
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas Coordinación de Innovación en Salud, Ciudad de México 06700, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (I.P.-T.); (L.M.-P.)
| | - Randall Cruz-Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Omar Gonzalez-Marcos
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - Giovanny Fuentevilla-Álvarez
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | | | - Juvenal Franco-Granillo
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - María Elena Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
- Research Direction Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
- Cardiovascular Line in American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. Las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico
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19
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Antony B, Blau H, Casiraghi E, Loomba JJ, Callahan TJ, Laraway BJ, Wilkins KJ, Antonescu CC, Valentini G, Williams AE, Robinson PN, Reese JT, Murali TM. Predictive models of long COVID. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104777. [PMID: 37672869 PMCID: PMC10494314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cause and symptoms of long COVID are poorly understood. It is challenging to predict whether a given COVID-19 patient will develop long COVID in the future. METHODS We used electronic health record (EHR) data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative to predict the incidence of long COVID. We trained two machine learning (ML) models - logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF). Features used to train predictors included symptoms and drugs ordered during acute infection, measures of COVID-19 treatment, pre-COVID comorbidities, and demographic information. We assigned the 'long COVID' label to patients diagnosed with the U09.9 ICD10-CM code. The cohorts included patients with (a) EHRs reported from data partners using U09.9 ICD10-CM code and (b) at least one EHR in each feature category. We analysed three cohorts: all patients (n = 2,190,579; diagnosed with long COVID = 17,036), inpatients (149,319; 3,295), and outpatients (2,041,260; 13,741). FINDINGS LR and RF models yielded median AUROC of 0.76 and 0.75, respectively. Ablation study revealed that drugs had the highest influence on the prediction task. The SHAP method identified age, gender, cough, fatigue, albuterol, obesity, diabetes, and chronic lung disease as explanatory features. Models trained on data from one N3C partner and tested on data from the other partners had average AUROC of 0.75. INTERPRETATION ML-based classification using EHR information from the acute infection period is effective in predicting long COVID. SHAP methods identified important features for prediction. Cross-site analysis demonstrated the generalizability of the proposed methodology. FUNDING NCATS U24 TR002306, NCATS UL1 TR003015, Axle Informatics Subcontract: NCATS-P00438-B, NIH/NIDDK/OD, PSR2015-1720GVALE_01, G43C22001320007, and Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessy Antony
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Hannah Blau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Elena Casiraghi
- AnacletoLab, Computer Science Department, Dipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy; Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; ELLIS - European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems, Milan Unit, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Johanna J Loomba
- Integrated Translational Health Research Institute of Virginia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Tiffany J Callahan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Bryan J Laraway
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth J Wilkins
- Biostatistics Program, Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | | | - Giorgio Valentini
- AnacletoLab, Computer Science Department, Dipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy; ELLIS - European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems, Milan Unit, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Andrew E Williams
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Peter N Robinson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Justin T Reese
- Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - T M Murali
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Oljuskin T, Azodi N, Volpedo G, Bhattacharya P, Markle HL, Hamano S, Matlashewski G, Satoskar AR, Gannavaram S, Nakhasi HL. Leishmania major centrin knock-out parasites reprogram tryptophan metabolism to induce a pro-inflammatory response. iScience 2023; 26:107593. [PMID: 37744403 PMCID: PMC10517402 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is prevalent in 90 countries, and yet no licensed human vaccine exists against it. Toward control of leishmaniasis, we have developed Leishmania major centrin gene deletion mutant strains (LmCen-/-) as a live attenuated vaccine, which induces a strong IFN-γ-mediated protection to the host. However, the immune mechanisms of such protection remain to be understood. Metabolomic reprogramming of the host cells following Leishmania infection has been shown to play a critical role in pathogenicity and shaping the immune response following infection. Here, we applied untargeted mass spectrometric analysis to study the metabolic changes induced by infection with LmCen-/- and compared those with virulent L. major parasite infection to identify the immune mechanism of protection. Our data show that immunization with LmCen-/- parasites, in contrast to virulent L. major infection promotes a pro-inflammatory response by utilizing tryptophan to produce melatonin and downregulate anti-inflammatory kynurenine-AhR and FICZ-AhR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Oljuskin
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Nazli Azodi
- Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Greta Volpedo
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Parna Bhattacharya
- Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Hannah L. Markle
- Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Doctoral Leadership Program, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Greg Matlashewski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Abhay R. Satoskar
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sreenivas Gannavaram
- Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Hira L. Nakhasi
- Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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21
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Kariuki BM, Bekheit MS, Barghash RF, Aboshouk DR. Indole-Based Compounds as Potential Drug Candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2023; 28:6603. [PMID: 37764378 PMCID: PMC10537473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to society in recent times, endangering human health, life, and economic well-being. The disease quickly spreads due to the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has undergone numerous mutations. Despite intense research efforts by the scientific community since its emergence in 2019, no effective therapeutics have been discovered yet. While some repurposed drugs have been used to control the global outbreak and save lives, none have proven universally effective, particularly for severely infected patients. Although the spread of the disease is generally under control, anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents are still needed to combat current and future infections. This study reviews some of the most promising repurposed drugs containing indolyl heterocycle, which is an essential scaffold of many alkaloids with diverse bio-properties in various biological fields. The study also discusses natural and synthetic indole-containing compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties and computer-aided drug design (in silico studies) for optimizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 hits/leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (B.M.K.)
| | - Mohamed S. Bekheit
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Reham F. Barghash
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Dalia R. Aboshouk
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
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22
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Mohamed Taha A, Adel Abdelkader Saed S, Hossam-Eldin Moawad M, Abd El-Tawab Moawad W, Al-Hejazi T, Mousa Y, Sharma R, Reiter RJ. Safety and efficacy of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:341-352. [PMID: 37742478 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin might be beneficial to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in terms of both prevention and treatment. We investigated how melatonin affected various clinical and laboratory results in COVID-19 patients. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were utilized for searching eligible articles fulfilling our inclusion criteria up to December 2022. We used random effect model in case of significant heterogeneity; in other cases, a fixed model was applied. RevMan was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS We included 11 studies in our review. Clinical improvement rate was found to be statistically significantly higher in patients taking melatonin than in the control group (OR: 5.09; 95% CI: 2.60-9.96, p < 0.001). Patients receiving melatonin showed a non-significant difference in mortality rate compared to the control group (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.07-1.81, p = 0.22). However, in the randomized controlled trials subgroup, melatonin-treated patients showed significantly lower mortality than did the controls (OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.08-0.38, p < 0.001). CRP level was statistically significantly lower due to melatonin treatment (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -9.85; 95% CI: -18.54 to -1.16, p = 0.03). Length of hospital stay was statistically significantly shorter in patients taking melatonin compared to controls (WMD = -4.05; 95% CI: -5.39 to -2.7, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Melatonin was found to have substantial effects on COVID-19 patients when used as adjuvant therapy, enhancing clinical improvement and decreasing time to recovery with a shorter length of hospital stay and a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohamed Taha
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt; Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Negida Academy, Arlington, MA, USA.
| | | | - Mostafa Hossam-Eldin Moawad
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Tala Al-Hejazi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Yosra Mousa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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23
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Yigit S, Tural S, Aci R, Sezer O. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with Vitamin D level in Turkish patients with coronavirus disease 2019. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20221713. [PMID: 37466590 PMCID: PMC10352018 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 emerges as a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. It is a systemic disease associated with vascular inflammation and endothelial damage. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in the Turkish population. METHODS The study included 179 participants (79 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and 100 controls). DNA isolation was made from peripheral blood, and then the polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed. RESULTS When we analyze vascular endothelial growth factor gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in the study group, we found that the DD genotype and D allele were found to be statistically significantly different when compared to coronavirus disease 2019 patients with high vitamin D value (p=0.005 for DD genotype and p=0.006 for D allele) in the control group. In this high-level control group, when we analyze II+ID genotype versus DD, a statistically significant difference was also detected (p=0.007). CONCLUSION As a result of the study, we found that DD genotype and D allele were associated with vitamin D level in Turkish patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serbulent Yigit
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics - Samsun, Turkey
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Graduate Institute, Department of Medical Biology - Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sengul Tural
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology - Samsun, Turkey
| | - Recai Aci
- Samsun Training & Research Hospital, Department of Biochemistry - Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Sezer
- Samsun Training & Research Hospital, Department of Medical Genetics - Samsun, Turkey
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24
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Song Y, Huang T, Pan H, Du A, Wu T, Lan J, Zhou X, Lv Y, Xue S, Yuan K. The influence of COVID-19 on colorectal cancer was investigated using bioinformatics and systems biology techniques. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1169562. [PMID: 37457582 PMCID: PMC10348756 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1169562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic and highly contagious, posing a serious threat to human health. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a risk factor for COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is vital to investigate the intrinsic link between these two diseases. Methods In this work, bioinformatics and systems biology techniques were used to detect the mutual pathways, molecular biomarkers, and potential drugs between COVID-19 and CRC. Results A total of 161 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on the RNA sequencing datasets of the two diseases. Functional analysis was performed using ontology keywords, and pathway analysis was also performed. The common DEGs were further utilized to create a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to identify hub genes and key modules. The datasets revealed transcription factors-gene interactions, co-regulatory networks with DEGs-miRNAs of common DEGs, and predicted possible drugs as well. The ten predicted drugs include troglitazone, estradiol, progesterone, calcitriol, genistein, dexamethasone, lucanthone, resveratrol, retinoic acid, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, some of which have been investigated as potential CRC and COVID-19 therapies. Discussion By clarifying the relationship between COVID-19 and CRC, we hope to provide novel clues and promising therapeutic drugs to treat these two illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Song
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tengda Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyuan Pan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ao Du
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Wu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiang Lan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Lv
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Xue
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Mubashshir M, Ahmad N, Negi T, Rawal R, Singhvi N, Khatoon H, Laxmi V, Dubey O, Sharma RB, Negi G, Ovais M. Therapeutic Benefits of Melatonin against COVID-19. Neuroimmunomodulation 2023; 30:196-205. [PMID: 37336193 PMCID: PMC10614475 DOI: 10.1159/000531550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The assumption of the pineal hormone melatonin as a therapeutic use for COVID-19-affected people seems promising. Its intake has shown significant improvement in the patients' conditions. Higher melatonin titers in children may provide a protective shield against this disease. The hormone melatonin works as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulator, and strategically slows down the cytokine release which is observed in the COVID-19 disease, thereby improving the overall health of afflicted patients. The medical community is expected shortly to use remedial attributes like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antivirals, etc., of melatonin in the successful prevention and cure of COVID-19 morbidity. Thus, the administration of melatonin seems auspicious in the cure and prevention of this COVID-19 fatality. Moreover, melatonin does not seem to reduce the efficiency of approved vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Melatonin increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and Th1 and enhances both humoral and cell-mediated responses. Through the enhanced humoral immunity, melatonin exhibits antiviral activities by suppressing multiple inflammatory products such as IL-6, IL1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, which are immediately released during lung injury of severe COVID-19. Hence, the novel use of melatonin along with other antivirals as an early treatment option against COVID-19 infection is suggested. Here, we have chalked out the invasion mechanisms and appropriate implications of the latest findings concerned with melatonin against the virus SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, within the setting of a clinical intervention, the promising compounds must go through a series of studies before their recommendation. In the clinical field, this is done in a time-ordered sequence, in line with the phase label affixed to proper protocol of trials: phase I-phase II and the final phase III. Nevertheless, while medical recommendations can only be made on the basis of reassuring evidence, there are still three issues worth considering before implementation: representativeness, validity, and lastly generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mubashshir
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Tripti Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Rawal
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Hina Khatoon
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vijya Laxmi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Om Dubey
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Bala Sharma
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ganga Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Mohd Ovais
- Department of Bio-Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
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26
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Bekheit MS, Panda SS, Kariuki BM, Mahmoud SH, Mostafa A, Girgis AS. Spiroindole-containing compounds bearing phosphonate group of potential M pro-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory properties. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115563. [PMID: 37329713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted reaction of 3,5-bis((E)-ylidene)-1-phosphonate-4-piperidones 3a‒g with azomethine ylide (produced through interaction of isatins 4 and sarcosine 5) cycloaddition afforded the corresponding (dispiro[indoline-3,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3″-piperidin]-1″-yl)phosphonates 6a‒l in excellent yields (80-95%). Structure of the synthesized agents was evidenced by single crystal X-ray studies of 6d, 6i and 6l. Some of the synthesized agents revealed promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties in the viral infected Vero-E6 cell technique with noticeable selectivity indices. Compounds 6g and 6b are the most promising agents synthesized (R = 4-BrC6H4, Ph; R' = H, Cl, respectively) with considerable selectivity index values. Mpro-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory properties supported the anti-SARS-CoV-2 observations of the potent analogs synthesized. Molecular docking studies (PDB ID: 7C8U) are consistent with the Mpro inhibitory properties. The presumed mode of action was supported by both experimentally investigated Mpro-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory properties and explained by docking observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Bekheit
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Siva S Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Benson M Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Sara H Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Adel S Girgis
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
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27
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Mladenov M, Lubomirov L, Grisk O, Avtanski D, Mitrokhin V, Sazdova I, Keremidarska-Markova M, Danailova Y, Nikolaev G, Konakchieva R, Gagov H. Oxidative Stress, Reductive Stress and Antioxidants in Vascular Pathogenesis and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051126. [PMID: 37237992 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is focused on the mechanisms that regulate health, disease and aging redox status, the signal pathways that counteract oxidative and reductive stress, the role of food components and additives with antioxidant properties (curcumin, polyphenols, vitamins, carotenoids, flavonoids, etc.), and the role of the hormones irisin and melatonin in the redox homeostasis of animal and human cells. The correlations between the deviation from optimal redox conditions and inflammation, allergic, aging and autoimmune responses are discussed. Special attention is given to the vascular system, kidney, liver and brain oxidative stress processes. The role of hydrogen peroxide as an intracellular and paracrine signal molecule is also reviewed. The cyanotoxins β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA), cylindrospermopsin, microcystins and nodularins are introduced as potentially dangerous food and environment pro-oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitko Mladenov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, "Ss. Cyril and Methodius" University, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Lubomir Lubomirov
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Olaf Grisk
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Iliyana Sazdova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Danailova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Nikolaev
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rossitza Konakchieva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Gagov
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Kuliczkowska-Płaksej J, Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska A, Zembska A, Kolačkov K, Syrycka J, Kałużny M, Polowczyk-Kawałko B, Kubicka E, Bolanowski M. Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations in Patients after SARS-CoV2 Infection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103551. [PMID: 37240656 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV2 infection can lead to severe cytokine storm especially in obese patients. Ghrelin acts not only as an appetite regulator but can also play a key role in the immune reaction. Leptin, secreted mainly by the white adipose tissue, can act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. The crucial question is whether or not the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients with obesity is linked to adipokine dysregulation. The aim of this study was to assess ghrelin and leptin concentrations in patients 6 months after SARS-CoV2 infection in comparison to a control group considering the influence of sex. The study group included 53 patients with a history of COVID-19 and 87 healthy subjects in the control group. Leptin and ghrelin concentrations as well as hormonal and biochemical parameters were measured. A significantly higher ghrelin concentration was observed in the COVID-19 group in comparison to the control group, with a statistically significant impact of sex on the relationship between COVID-19 and ghrelin concentration, which was lower in the males. No statistically significant differences in leptin concentration were observed between the groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between ghrelin and testosterone and morning cortisol levels in the COVID-19 group. The current study showed that ghrelin levels were significantly higher in patients 6 months after a mild course of SARS-CoV2 infection. To confirm the hypothetical protective role of ghrelin in the inflammatory process, it would be necessary to compare serum ghrelin levels between patients after mild and severe courses of COVID-19. Due to the small sample size and the lack of patients with a severe course of COVID-19, these observations need further investigation. There were no differences in leptin concentrations between the COVID-19 patients and the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kuliczkowska-Płaksej
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zembska
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kolačkov
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Syrycka
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kałużny
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Polowczyk-Kawałko
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Kubicka
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Bolanowski
- Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
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29
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Narayanan J, Tamilanban T, Kumar PS, Guru A, Muthupandian S, Kathiravan MK, Arockiaraj J. Role and mechanistic actions of protein kinase inhibitors as an effective drug target for cancer and COVID. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:238. [PMID: 37193831 PMCID: PMC10188327 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Kinases can be grouped into 20 families which play a vital role as a regulator of neoplasia, metastasis, and cytokine suppression. Human genome sequencing has discovered more than 500 kinases. Mutations of the kinase itself or the pathway regulated by kinases leads to the progression of diseases such as Alzheimer's, viral infections, and cancers. Cancer chemotherapy has made significant leaps in recent years. The utilization of chemotherapeutic agents for treating cancers has become difficult due to their unpredictable nature and their toxicity toward the host cells. Therefore, targeted therapy as a therapeutic option against cancer-specific cells and toward the signaling pathways is a valuable avenue of research. SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genus that is responsible for causing the COVID pandemic. Kinase family provides a valuable source of biological targets against cancers and for recent COVID infections. Kinases such as tyrosine kinases, Rho kinase, Bruton tyrosine kinase, ABL kinases, and NAK kinases play an important role in the modulation of signaling pathways involved in both cancers and viral infections such as COVID. These kinase inhibitors consist of multiple protein targets such as the viral replication machinery and specific molecules targeting signaling pathways for cancer. Thus, kinase inhibitors can be used for their anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic activity along with cytokine suppression in cases of COVID. The main goal of this review is to focus on the pharmacology of kinase inhibitors for cancer and COVID, as well as ideas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - T Tamilanban
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Pollachi Main Road, Eachanari Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - Saravanan Muthupandian
- AMR and Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - M K Kathiravan
- 209, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Research Lab, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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30
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França DCH, Fujimori M, de Queiroz AA, Borges MD, Magalhães Neto AM, de Camargos PJV, Ribeiro EB, França EL, Honorio-França AC, Fagundes-Triches DLG. Melatonin and Cytokines Modulate Daily Instrumental Activities of Elderly People with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108647. [PMID: 37239991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment analyzes the health and quality of life of the elderly. Basic and instrumental daily activities may be compromised due to neuroimmunoendocrine changes, and studies suggest that possible immunological changes occur during infections in the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze cytokine and melatonin levels in serum and correlate the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The sample consisted of 73 elderly individuals, 43 of whom were without infection and 30 of whom had positive diagnoses of COVID-19. Blood samples were collected to quantify cytokines by flow cytometry and melatonin by ELISA. In addition, structured and validated questionnaires were applied to assess basic (Katz) and instrumental (Lawton and Brody) activities. There was an increase in IL-6, IL-17, and melatonin in the group of elderly individuals with infection. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between melatonin and IL-6 and IL-17 in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the score of the Lawton and Brody Scale in the infected elderly. These data suggest that the melatonin hormone and inflammatory cytokines are altered in the serum of the elderly with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, there is a degree of dependence, mainly regarding the performance of daily instrumental activities, in the elderly. The considerable impact on the elderly person's ability to perform everyday tasks necessary for independent living is an extremely important result, and changes in cytokines and melatonin probably are associated with alterations in these daily activities of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmi Fujimori
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Adriele Ataídes de Queiroz
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Maraísa Delmut Borges
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Aníbal Monteiro Magalhães Neto
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Elton Brito Ribeiro
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78557-287, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luzía França
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
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31
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Shaik L, Boike S, Ramar K, Subramanian S, Surani S. COVID-19 and Sleep Disturbances: A Literature Review of Clinical Evidence. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050818. [PMID: 37241050 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The need for adequate good quality sleep to optimally function is well known. Over years, various physical, psychological, biological, and social factors have been investigated to understand their impact on sleep. However, understanding the etiological processes that are involved in causing sleep disturbances (SD) as impacted by stressful phases such as pandemics has not been well studied. Many such etiological and management strategies have surfaced during the latest "coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The occurrence of these SD in the infected and uninfected individuals poses a need to investigate factors linked to such occurrence during this phase. Some of such factors include stressful practices such as social distancing, masking, vaccines, and medications availability, changes in routines, and lifestyles. As the status of infection improved, a collective term for all the prolonged effects of COVID-19 after the resolution of the primary infection called the post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) surfaced. Apart from impacting sleep during the infectious phase, the aftereffects of this virus left an even greater impact during the PCS. Various mechanisms have been hypothesized to be linked to such SD during the PCS, but the available data are inconclusive. Further, the varied patterns of incidence of these SDs differed by many factors, such as age, gender, and geographical location, making clinical management even more challenging. This review elucidates the impact of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID) disease on sleep health during the various phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigate different causal relationships, management strategies, and knowledge gaps related to SD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likhita Shaik
- Department of Family Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA
| | - Sydney Boike
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Salim Surani
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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32
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Deng C, Liu Q, Zhao H, Qian L, Lei W, Yang W, Liang Z, Tian Y, Zhang S, Wang C, Chen Y, Yang Y. Activation of
NR1H3
attenuates the severity of septic myocardial injury by inhibiting
NLRP3
inflammasome. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10517. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University 277 Yanta West Road Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University 1 Xinsi Road Xi'an 710038 China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Wangrui Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 1 Jianshe East Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Shaofei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University 277 Yanta West Road Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University 229 Taibai North Road Xi'an 710069 China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University 10 Fengcheng Three Road Xi'an 710021 China
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33
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Laatifi M, Douzi S, Ezzine H, Asry CE, Naya A, Bouklouze A, Zaid Y, Naciri M. Explanatory predictive model for COVID-19 severity risk employing machine learning, shapley addition, and LIME. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5481. [PMID: 37015978 PMCID: PMC10071246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 threatens global public health and impedes the operation of healthcare systems. Several studies have been conducted to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection and examine its risk factors. To produce more effective treatment options and vaccines, it is still necessary to investigate biomarkers and immune responses in order to gain a deeper understanding of disease pathophysiology. This study aims to determine how cytokines influence the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We measured the plasma levels of 48 cytokines in the blood of 87 participants in the COVID-19 study. Several Classifiers were trained and evaluated using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to complete missing data, generate synthetic data, and fill in any gaps. To examine the relationship between cytokine storm and COVID-19 severity in patients, the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) and the LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) model were applied. Individuals with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection had elevated plasma levels of VEGF-A, MIP-1b, and IL-17. RANTES and TNF were associated with healthy individuals, whereas IL-27, IL-9, IL-12p40, and MCP-3 were associated with non-Severity. These findings suggest that these cytokines may promote the development of novel preventive and therapeutic pathways for disease management. In this study, the use of artificial intelligence is intended to support clinical diagnoses of patients to determine how each cytokine may be responsible for the severity of COVID-19, which could lead to the identification of several cytokines that could aid in treatment decision-making and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Laatifi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samira Douzi
- IPSS Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Hind Ezzine
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Public Health International Consultant, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chadia El Asry
- Faculty of Sciences, IPSS Laboratory, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Naya
- Department of Biology, Immunology, and Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Bouklouze
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Younes Zaid
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Immunology, and Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
- Research Center of Abulcasis, University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mariam Naciri
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Qudus MS, Tian M, Sirajuddin S, Liu S, Afaq U, Wali M, Liu J, Pan P, Luo Z, Zhang Q, Yang G, Wan P, Li Y, Wu J. The roles of critical pro-inflammatory cytokines in the drive of cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28751. [PMID: 37185833 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In patients with severe COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm, which is a hyperinflammatory medical condition caused by the excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. High levels of numerous crucial pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, IFN-induced protein 10 kDa, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and IL-10 and so on, have been found in severe COVID-19. They participate in cascade amplification pathways of pro-inflammatory responses through complex inflammatory networks. Here, we review the involvements of these critical inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss their potential roles in triggering or regulating cytokine storm, which can help to understand the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. So far, there is rarely effective therapeutic strategy for patients with cytokine storm besides using glucocorticoids, which is proved to result in fatal side effects. Clarifying the roles of key involved cytokines in the complex inflammatory network of cytokine storm will help to develop an ideal therapeutic intervention, such as neutralizing antibody of certain cytokine or inhibitor of some inflammatory signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Suhaib Qudus
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingfu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Summan Sirajuddin
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Siyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Uzair Afaq
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muneeba Wali
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jinbiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Pin Wan
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Yongkui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, China
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35
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Sarkar S, Karmakar S, Basu M, Ghosh P, Ghosh MK. Neurological damages in COVID-19 patients: Mechanisms and preventive interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e247. [PMID: 37035134 PMCID: PMC10080216 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which led to neurological damage and increased mortality worldwide in its second and third waves. It is associated with systemic inflammation, myocardial infarction, neurological illness including ischemic strokes (e.g., cardiac and cerebral ischemia), and even death through multi-organ failure. At the early stage, the virus infects the lung epithelial cells and is slowly transmitted to the other organs including the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, kidneys, heart, and brain. The neurological effect of the virus is mainly due to hypoxia-driven reactive oxygen species (ROS) and generated cytokine storm. Internalization of SARS-CoV-2 triggers ROS production and modulation of the immunological cascade which ultimately initiates the hypercoagulable state and vascular thrombosis. Suppression of immunological machinery and inhibition of ROS play an important role in neurological disturbances. So, COVID-19 associated damage to the central nervous system, patients need special care to prevent multi-organ failure at later stages of disease progression. Here in this review, we are selectively discussing these issues and possible antioxidant-based prevention therapies for COVID-19-associated neurological damage that leads to multi-organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibani Sarkar
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory DisorderSignal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells LaboratoryCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research‐Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR‐IICB)KolkataIndia
| | - Subhajit Karmakar
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory DisorderSignal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells LaboratoryCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research‐Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR‐IICB)KolkataIndia
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of MicrobiologyDhruba Chand Halder College, University of CalcuttaDakshin BarasatWBIndia
| | - Pratyasha Ghosh
- Department of EconomicsBethune CollegeUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory DisorderSignal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells LaboratoryCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research‐Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR‐IICB)KolkataIndia
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36
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Li X, Yin L, Liao J, Yang J, Cai B, Yu Y, Su S, Du Z, Li X, Zhou Y, Chen P, Cho WJ, Chattipakorn N, Samorodov AV, Pavlov VN, Zhang F, Liang G, Tang Q. Novel O-benzylcinnamic acid derivative L26 treats acute lung injury in mice by MD-2. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115289. [PMID: 36963290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammation-mediated respiratory disease that is associated with a high mortality rate. In this study, a series of novel O-benzylcinnamic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized using cinnamic acid as the lead compound. We tested the preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds by evaluating their effect on inhibiting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Hek-Blue-TLR4 cells, in which compound L26 showed the best activity and 7-fold more active than CIN. ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and molecular docking indicated that L26 targeted MD-2 protein and competed with LPS to bind to MD-2, which resulted in the inhibition of inflammation. In the LPS-induced mouse model of ALI, L26 was found to decrease ALP activity and inflammatory cytokine TNF-α release to reduce lung injury by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Acute toxicity experiments showed that high doses of L26 did not cause adverse reactions in mice, and it was safe in vivo. Also, the preliminary pharmacokinetic parameters of L26 were investigated in SD rats (T1/2 = 4.246 h). In summary, L26 exhibited optimal pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics, which suggested that L26 could serve as a potential agent for the development of ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lina Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binhao Cai
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sijia Su
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiteng Du
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Won-Jea Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Aleksandr V Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia
| | - Valentin N Pavlov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qidong Tang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China.
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Hu BY, Zhao YL, Zhou ZS, Zhu YY, Luo XD. Significant anti-inflammatory aziridine-containing indole alkaloids from the Chinese medicinal plant Alstonia scholaris. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2271-2274. [PMID: 36734477 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Two unique windmill-like aziridine-containing indole alkaloids, possessing an unprecedented 6/5/5/6/6/5/3 rigid ring system and an unusual azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane core, were isolated from Alstonia scholaris. Their structures were established by spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. The novel compounds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory bioactivity in vitro and alleviated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Yuan Hu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong-Shun Zhou
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
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Hernández-Ruiz J, Giraldo-Acosta M, El Mihyaoui A, Cano A, Arnao MB. Melatonin as a Possible Natural Anti-Viral Compound in Plant Biocontrol. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:781. [PMID: 36840129 PMCID: PMC9961163 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional and ubiquitous molecule. In animals, melatonin is a hormone that is involved in a wide range of physiological activities and is also an excellent antioxidant. In plants, it has been considered a master regulator of multiple physiological processes as well as of hormonal homeostasis. Likewise, it is known for its role as a protective biomolecule and activator of tolerance and resistance against biotic and abiotic stress in plants. Since infections by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and viruses in crops result in large economic losses, interest has been aroused in determining whether melatonin plays a relevant role in plant defense systems against pathogens in general, and against viruses in particular. Currently, several strategies have been applied to combat infection by pathogens, one of them is the use of eco-friendly chemical compounds that induce systemic resistance. Few studies have addressed the use of melatonin as a biocontrol agent for plant diseases caused by viruses. Exogenous melatonin treatments have been used to reduce the incidence of several virus diseases, reducing symptoms, virus titer, and even eradicating the proliferation of viruses such as Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Apple Stem Grooving Virus, Rice Stripe Virus and Alfalfa Mosaic Virus in tomato, apple, rice and eggplant, respectively. The possibilities of using melatonin as a possible natural virus biocontrol agent are discussed.
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Ake AS, Ayo JO, Aluwong T, Mohammed A, Minka NS. Melatonin modulates rectal and body surface temperatures and their circadian rhythmicity in donkeys (Equus asinus) subjected to packing during the hot-dry season. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:389-404. [PMID: 36585985 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin administration on rectal and body surface temperature (RT and BST, respectively) responses and their circadian rhythmicity in donkeys subjected to packing (load carrying) during the hot-dry season. Twenty donkeys were divided into two equal groups randomly: Groups 1 (packing + melatonin) and 2 (packing - melatonin), subjected to packing and both covered 20 km. The RT, BST, and thermal environmental parameters were measured before and after packing. The procedure was carried out three times within the week, one day apart. This was followed 16-h after the last (third) packing procedure by 27-h recording period of all the parameters at 3-h intervals. The RT (37.77 ± 0.1℃) recorded in packing + melatonin donkeys was lower (P < 0.05) than in (packing - melatonin) (38.29 ± 0.1℃) post-packing, while the BSTs in packing + melatonin donkeys were lower than in (packing - melatonin) donkeys, especially the neck (33.07 ± 0.6℃ vs 35.4 ± 0.7℃, respectively) and coronary band (30.58 ± 0.5℃ vs 33.38 ± 0.7℃, respectively) temperatures. In both groups 16-h post-packing, overall mean RT and BST values were not different, except the coronary band temperature (26.61 ± 0.8℃) that was lower (P < 0.05) in packing + melatonin donkeys than (packing - melatonin) donkeys (28.78 ± 1.4℃). Melatonin-exerted biphasic effects on circadian rhythms of RT and BSTs by reducing body temperatures during the photophase and increasing the values during the scotophase in pack donkeys. In conclusion, melatonin may enhance packing output in donkeys during the hot-dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodele Stephen Ake
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph Olusegun Ayo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Tagang Aluwong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Mohammed
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Ndazo Salka Minka
- College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 2134, Mando-Kaduna, Nigeria
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A Review on COVID-19: Primary Receptor, Endothelial Dysfunction, Related Comorbidities, and Therapeutics. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2023. [PMCID: PMC9843681 DOI: 10.1007/s40995-022-01400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic named coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and resulted in a worldwide economic crisis. Utilizing the spike-like protein on its surface, the SARS-CoV-2 binds to the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which highly expresses on the surface of many cell types. Given the crucial role of ACE2 in the renin–angiotensin system, its engagement by SARS-CoV-2 could potentially result in endothelial cell perturbation. This is supported by the observation that one of the most common consequences of COVID-19 infection is endothelial dysfunction and subsequent vascular damage. Furthermore, endothelial dysfunction is the shared denominator among previous comorbidities, including hypertension, kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, etc., which are associated with an increased risk of severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Several vaccines and therapeutics have been developed and suggested for COVID-19 therapy. The present review summarizes the relationship between ACE2 and endothelial dysfunction and COVID-19, also reviews the most common comorbidities associated with COVID-19, and finally reviews several categories of potential therapies against COVID-19.
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Brock S, Jackson DB, Soldatos TG, Hornischer K, Schäfer A, Diella F, Emmert MY, Hoerstrup SP. Whole patient knowledge modeling of COVID-19 symptomatology reveals common molecular mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 2:1035290. [PMID: 39086962 PMCID: PMC11285600 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.1035290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causes systemic, multi-faceted COVID-19 disease. However, knowledge connecting its intricate clinical manifestations with molecular mechanisms remains fragmented. Deciphering the molecular basis of COVID-19 at the whole-patient level is paramount to the development of effective therapeutic approaches. With this goal in mind, we followed an iterative, expert-driven process to compile data published prior to and during the early stages of the pandemic into a comprehensive COVID-19 knowledge model. Recent updates to this model have also validated multiple earlier predictions, suggesting the importance of such knowledge frameworks in hypothesis generation and testing. Overall, our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 perturbs several specific mechanisms, unleashing a pathogenesis spectrum, ranging from "a perfect storm" triggered by acute hyper-inflammation, to accelerated aging in protracted "long COVID-19" syndromes. In this work, we shortly report on these findings that we share with the community via 1) a synopsis of key evidence associating COVID-19 symptoms and plausible mechanisms, with details presented within 2) the accompanying "COVID-19 Explorer" webserver, developed specifically for this purpose (found at https://covid19.molecularhealth.com). We anticipate that our model will continue to facilitate clinico-molecular insights across organ systems together with hypothesis generation for the testing of potential repurposing drug candidates, new pharmacological targets and clinically relevant biomarkers. Our work suggests that whole patient knowledge models of human disease can potentially expedite the development of new therapeutic strategies and support evidence-driven clinical hypothesis generation and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodoros G. Soldatos
- Molecular Health GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
- SRH Hochschule, University of Applied Science, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Maximilian Y. Emmert
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon P. Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Bocek J, Prasko J, Genzor S, Hodny F, Vanek J, Pobeha P, Belohradova K, Ociskova M. Sleep Disturbance and Immunological Consequences of COVID-19. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:667-677. [PMID: 36941925 PMCID: PMC10024468 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s398188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The overarching importance of sleep was further emphasized during the pandemic of COVID-19. The subjects infected by COVID-19 frequently experience sleep disturbances; some are long-lasting problems and decrease the quality of life. Insomnia is the most studied sleep disorder associated with COVID-19. Insomnia affects patients who have experienced an infection and the general population. Good sleep is important in maintaining mental and physical health, including immune system functions. The interconnections between insomnia, the immune system, and COVID-19 are complex. Insomnia triggers numerous immune system dysregulations and makes individuals more vulnerable to respiratory infections. This narrative review overviews the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the immune system through sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bocek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, The Czech Republic
- Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Jessenia Inc, Akeso Holding, Beroun, The Czech Republic
- Correspondence: Jan Prasko, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc, 77520, The Czech Republic, Tel +420 603 414 930, Email
| | - Samuel Genzor
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc and University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Hodny
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Pobeha
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, The Slovak Republic
| | - Kamila Belohradova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Jessenia Inc, Akeso Holding, Beroun, The Czech Republic
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Mohammed MA. Fighting cytokine storm and immunomodulatory deficiency: By using natural products therapy up to now. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111329. [PMID: 37124230 PMCID: PMC10134036 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel coronavirus strain (COVID-19) caused severe illness and mortality worldwide from 31 December 2019 to 21 March 2023. As of this writing, 761,071,826 million cases have been diagnosed worldwide, with 6,879,677 million deaths accorded by WHO organization and has spread to 228 countries. The number of deaths is closely connected to the growth of innate immune cells in the lungs, mainly macrophages, which generate inflammatory cytokines (especially IL-6 and IL-1β) that induce "cytokine storm syndrome" (CSS), multi-organ failure, and death. We focus on promising natural products and their biologically active chemical constituents as potential phytopharmaceuticals that target virus-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Successful therapy for this condition is currently rare, and the introduction of an effective vaccine might take months. Blocking viral entrance and replication and regulating humoral and cellular immunity in the uninfected population are the most often employed treatment approaches for viral infections. Unfortunately, no presently FDA-approved medicine can prevent or reduce SARS-CoV-2 access and reproduction. Until now, the most important element in disease severity has been the host's immune response activation or suppression. Several medicines have been adapted for COVID-19 patients, including arbidol, favipiravir, ribavirin, lopinavir, ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, dexamethasone, and anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical drugs, such as tocilizumab, glucocorticoids, anakinra (IL-1β cytokine inhibition), and siltuximab (IL-6 cytokine inhibition). However, these synthetic medications and therapies have several side effects, including heart failure, permanent retinal damage in the case of hydroxyl-chloroquine, and liver destruction in the case of remdesivir. This review summarizes four strategies for fighting cytokine storms and immunomodulatory deficiency induced by COVID-19 using natural product therapy as a potential therapeutic measure to control cytokine storms.
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Taner N, Haskologlu IC, Erdag E, Mercan M, Chuckwunyere U, Ulker D, Sehirli AO, Abacioglu N. Chronobiological Efficacy of Combined Therapy of Pelargonium Sidoides and Melatonin in Acute and Persistent Cases of COVID-19: A Hypothetical Approach. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1412:427-442. [PMID: 37378781 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-28012-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in China, pharmacists have rapidly engaged and developed strategies for pharmaceutical care and supply. According to the guidelines of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), clinical pharmacists/hospital pharmacists, as members of care teams, play one of the most important roles in the pharmaceutical care of patients with COVID-19. During this pandemic, many immuno-enhancing adjuvant agents have become critical in addition to antivirals and vaccines in order to overcome the disease more easily. The liquid extract obtained from the Pelargonium sidoides plant is used for many indications such as colds, coughs, upper respiratory tract infections, sore throat, and acute bronchitis. The extract obtained from the roots of the plant has been observed to have antiviral and immunomodulatory activity. In addition to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, melatonin plays a role in suppressing the cytokine storm that can develop during COVID-19 infection. Knowing that the severity and duration of COVID-19 symptoms vary within 24 hours and/or in different time periods indicates that COVID-19 requires a chronotherapeutic approach. Our goal in the management of acute and long COVID is to synchronize the medication regimen with the patient's biological rhythm. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the existing and emerging literature on the chronobiological use of Pelargonium sidoides and melatonin during acute and prolonged COVID-19 episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Taner
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celil Haskologlu
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Emine Erdag
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Merve Mercan
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ugochukwu Chuckwunyere
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Damla Ulker
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozer Sehirli
- Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Abacioglu
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
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ZENG W, SONG Y, WANG R, HE R, WANG T. Neutrophil elastase: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:355-366. [PMID: 37181292 PMCID: PMC10173178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE), a major protease in the primary granules of neutrophils, is involved in microbicidal activity. NE is an important factor promoting inflammation, has bactericidal effects, and shortens the inflammatory process. NE also regulates tumor growth by promoting metastasis and tumor microenvironment remodeling. However, NE plays a role in killing tumors under certain conditions and promotes other diseases such as pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Additionally, it plays a complex role in various physiological processes and mediates several diseases. Sivelestat, a specific NE inhibitor, has strong potential for clinical application, particularly in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review discusses the pathophysiological processes associated with NE and the potential clinical applications of sivelestat.
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Wang P, Li B, Zhou S, Xin Y, Zhu Z, Duan S, Bai D, Yuan H, Xu W, Xiao J. Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for patients with spinal tumors receiving denosumab treatment: An initial real-clinical experience study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1034466. [PMID: 37035168 PMCID: PMC10073434 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1034466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Even if COVID-19 vaccine has gradually been adopted in the world, information of side effects and crosstalk in patients with spinal tumors is absent due to the exclusion from clinical research. In this research, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety for the patients with spinal tumors treated by denosumab. Methods In this retrospective research, 400 patients under treatment of denosumab against spinal tumors in real-clinical experience were grouped into two cohorts according to the treatment of COVID-19 vaccine. And linked hospital data, serum samples and unsolicited related adverse events had been collected from January 22nd 2021 to June 1st 2021 respectively. Results 233 patients of all participants who received regular treatment of denosumab were vaccinated by mRNA or inactivated vaccine. Patients of metastatic disease and primary osseous spinal tumor showed similar distribution in both two groups. Over the study period, within 176 patients tested the status of serologic response of vaccine, 88(81.48%) and 41(87.23%) individuals injected one or two inactivated vaccines had effective antibody against SARS-CoV-2 infections. As 21 patients (85.71%) treated by mRNA vaccine did. Considering of the safety of vaccine, most common systemic adverse events were nausea or vomiting (45 events vs 23events). Interestingly, fewer participants in the vaccine group were statistically recorded in local adverse events than in the placebo group (16 events vs 33 events). Conclusions Our initial real-clinical experience suggests that COVID-19 vaccines are likely safe and effective in in patients with spinal tumors receiving denosumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengru Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangbin Zhou
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingye Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Duan
- Department of Orthopedic, Changning County People's Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | - Danyang Bai
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jianru Xiao, ; Wei Xu,
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jianru Xiao, ; Wei Xu,
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Souissi A, Dergaa I, Romdhani M, Ghram A, Irandoust K, Chamari K, Ben Saad H. Can melatonin reduce the severity of post-COVID-19 syndrome? EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:173-187. [PMID: 36998709 PMCID: PMC10043401 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-5864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
This short review aimed at (i) providing an update on the health benefits associated with melatonin supplementation, while (ii) considering future potential research directions concerning melatonin supplementation use relative to Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). A narrative review of the literature was undertaken to ascertain the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on humans. Night-time melatonin administration has a positive impact on human physiology and mental health. Indeed, melatonin (i) modulates the circadian components of the sleep-wake cycle; (ii) improves sleep efficiency and mood status; (iii) improves insulin sensitivity; and (iv) reduces inflammatory markers and oxidative stress. Melatonin has also remarkable neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects and may therefore prevent deterioration caused by COVID-19. We suggest that melatonin could be used as a potential therapy in the post-COVID-19 syndrome, and therefore call for action the research community to investigate on the potential use of exogenous melatonin to enhance the quality of life in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Souissi
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Amine Souissi, Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie, E-mail:
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Doha, P.O. Box 26555, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
- Motricité-Interactions-Performance, MIP, UR4334, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France
| | - Amine Ghram
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Khadijeh Irandoust
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar, Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Doha, Qatar
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
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48
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Efficacy and safety of oral melatonin in patients with severe COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:265-274. [PMID: 36401728 PMCID: PMC9676876 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 have shown melatonin deficiency. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of administration oral melatonin in patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive melatonin plus standard treatment or standard treatment alone. The primary outcomes were mortality rate and requirement of IMV. The clinical status of patients was recorded at baseline and every day over hospitalization based on seven-category ordinal scale from 1 (discharged) to 7 (death). A total of 226 patients (109 in the melatonin group and 117 in the control group) were enrolled (median age; in melatonin group: 54.60 ± 11.51, in control group: 54.69 ± 13.40). The mortality rate was 67% in the melatonin group and 94% in the control group (OR; 7.75, 95% CI, 3.27-18.35, P < 0.001). The rate of IMV requirement was 51.4% in the melatonin group and 70.9% in the control group, for an OR of 2.31 (95% CI, 1.34-4.00, P < 0.001). The median number of days to hospital discharge was 15 days (13-17) in the melatonin group and 21 days (14-24) in the control group (OR; 5.00, 95% CI, 0.15-9.84, P = 0.026). Time to clinical status improvement by ≥ 2 on the ordinal scale in was 12 days (9-13) in the melatonin group and 16 days (10-19) in the control group (OR; 3.92, 95% CI, 1.69-6.14, P = 0.038). Melatonin significantly improved clinical status with a safe profile in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Bains A, Kohrman S, Punko D, Fricchione G. A Link Between Inflammatory Mechanisms and Fibromyalgia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:357-378. [PMID: 36949318 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic widespread pain, which has traditionally been considered psychogenic in nature due to lack of known underlying organic pathophysiology. In more recent years, inflammation of the nervous system has become increasingly recognized as a sign of neuropsychiatric conditions, and this association may enhance our knowledge of conditions such as FM. Emerging evidence has suggested inflammation, particularly neuroinflammation, as a potential contributor underlying the etiology of FM. Studies have searched for linked biomarkers with mixed results, though the literature is beginning to point to increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with FM relative to healthy controls. A multicenter imaging study has also reported results suggestive of microglial activation related to the presence of FM. Given the consistency in neuroinflammatory effects implicated in "sickness behavior" characteristic of chronic systemic inflammatory conditions such as cancer or rheumatic diseases, therein springs the hypothesis for a connection between FM and neuroinflammation as discussed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashika Bains
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Avery Weisman Psychiatry Consultation Service, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel Kohrman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Avery Weisman Psychiatry Consultation Service, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana Punko
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Avery Weisman Psychiatry Consultation Service, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory Fricchione
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Avery Weisman Psychiatry Consultation Service, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Andrechuk CRS, Caliari JDS, Santos MAD, Pereira FH, Oliveira HC, Ceolim MF. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep disorders among Nursing professionals. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e3795. [PMID: 36888791 PMCID: PMC9991009 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6043.3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the factors related to sleep disorders reported by Nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD this is a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with Nursing professionals from all Brazilian regions. Sociodemographic data, working conditions and questions about sleep disorders were collected. The Poisson regression model with repeated measures was used to estimate the Relative Risk. RESULTS 572 answers were analyzed, which revealed that non-ideal sleep duration, poor sleep quality and dreams about the work environment were predominant during the pandemic, with 75.2%, 67.1% and 66.8% respectively; as well as complaints of difficulty sleeping, daytime sleepiness and non-restorative sleep during the pandemic were reported by 523 (91.4%), 440 (76.9%) and 419 (73.2%) of the Nursing professionals, respectively. The relative risk of having such sleep disorders during the pandemic was significant for all variables and categories studied. CONCLUSION non-ideal sleep duration, poor sleep quality, dreams about the work environment, complaints regarding difficulty sleeping, daytime sleepiness and non-restorative sleep were the predominant sleep disorders among Nursing professionals during the pandemic. Such findings point to possible consequences on health, as well as on the quality of the work performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Flávia Helena Pereira
- Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Passos, MG, Brazil
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