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Wirayuda AAB, Otok BW, Chan MF. Comparing Life Expectancy Determinants Between Indonesia and Oman from 1980 to 2020. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2024:10.1007/s10823-024-09511-y. [PMID: 38980597 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-024-09511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Life expectancy (LE) is a health indicator of a population's health and well-being. Modeling the trajectory of LE aligns with the objectives of Indonesia's Vision 2045 and Oman's Vision 2040. This study examines the influence of health status-resources (HSR), macroeconomic (ME), and sociodemographic (SD) factors on LE in Indonesia and Oman. These two nations navigate the challenges of the middle-income trap in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. This study adopted a national-scale population-based approach that focuses on retrospective observations. We used partial least square structural equation models with World Bank data from 1980 to 2020 to analyze the relationship between the mentioned factors and the LE of Oman and Indonesia. For Indonesia's model, the results showed that ME has a total effect of β = 0.737 (p < 0.05) on LE, SD has a total effect of β = 0.675 (p < 0.05) on LE, and HSR has a total effect of β = 0.823 (p < 0.05) on LE. In Oman's model, ME has a total effect of β = 0.848 (p < 0.05) on LE, SD has a total effect of β = 0.755 (p < 0.05) on LE, and HSR has a total effect of β = 0.335 (p < 0.05) on LE. The findings underscore the need for policies that meld health and societal perspectives to improve public health in both nations. A shift in public health interventions and perceptions towards socioeconomic well-being and societal issues is pivotal for advancing LE growth, potentially steering these countries from the middle-income trap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Widjanarko Otok
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Moon Fai Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
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2
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Rodríguez-Fernández L, Zorzo C, Arias JL. Photobiomodulation in the aging brain: a systematic review from animal models to humans. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01231-y. [PMID: 38861125 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial biological process that may be associated with cognitive decline. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-pharmacological therapy that shows promising results in the treatment or prevention of age-related cognitive impairments. The aim of this review is to compile the preclinical and clinical evidence of the effect of PBM during aging in healthy and pathological conditions, including behavioral analysis and neuropsychological assessment, as well as brain-related modifications. 37 studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases. Most studies use wavelengths of 800, 810, or 1064 nm but intensity and days of application were highly variable. In animal studies, it has been shown improvements in spatial memory, episodic-like memory, social memory, while different results have been found in recognition memory. Locomotor activity improved in Parkinson disease models. In healthy aged humans, it has been outlined improvements in working memory, cognitive inhibition, and lexical/semantic access, while general cognition was mainly enhanced on Alzheimer disease or mild cognitive impairment. Anxiety assessment is scarce and shows mixed results. As for brain activity, results outline promising effects of PBM in reversing metabolic alterations and enhancing mitochondrial function, as evidenced by restored CCO activity and ATP levels. Additionally, PBM demonstrated neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and hemodynamic effects. The findings suggest that PBM holds promise as a non-invasive intervention for enhancing cognitive function, and in the modulation of brain functional reorganization. It is necessary to develop standardized protocols for the correct, beneficial, and homogeneous use of PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Candela Zorzo
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Jorge L Arias
- ISPA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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3
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How-Kit A, Sahbatou M, Hardy LM, Tessier NP, Schiavon V, Le Buanec H, Sebaoun JM, Blanché H, Zagury JF, Deleuze JF. The CEPH aging cohort and biobank: a valuable collection of biological samples from exceptionally long-lived French individuals and their offspring for longevity studies. GeroScience 2024; 46:2681-2695. [PMID: 38141157 PMCID: PMC10828222 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing aging of the human population is currently and for the coming decades a major public health issue in many countries, requiring the implementation of global public health policies promoting healthy and successful aging. Individuals are not equal in the face of aging and some can present exceptional healthspan and/or lifespan, which are notably influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Research and studies on human aging, healthy aging and longevity should rely in particular on cohorts of long-lived individuals, also including biological samples allowing studies on the biology of aging and longevity. In this manuscript, we provide for the first time a complete description of the CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymophisme Humain) Aging cohort, an exceptional cohort recruited during the 90s to 2000s, including more than 1700 French long-lived individuals (≥ 90 years old) born between 1875 and 1916 as well as for some of them their siblings and offspring. Among the participants, 1265 were centenarians, including 255 semi-supercentenarians ([105-110] years old) and 25 supercentenarians (≥ 110 years old). The available anthropometric, epidemiologic and clinical data for the cohort participants are described and especially the collection of blood-derived biological samples associated with the cohort which includes DNA, cryopreserved cells and cell lines, plasma, and serum. This biological collection from the first cohort of centenarians in the world is an inestimable resource for ongoing and future molecular, cellular, and functional studies aimed at deciphering the mechanisms of human (successful) aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre How-Kit
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence GenMed, Paris, France.
| | - Mourad Sahbatou
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Lise M Hardy
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GenMed, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas P Tessier
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GenMed, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Schiavon
- INSERM U976 - HIPI Unit, Saint-Louis Research Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Le Buanec
- INSERM U976 - HIPI Unit, Saint-Louis Research Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Sebaoun
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blanché
- Laboratory of Excellence GenMed, Paris, France
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Zagury
- Équipe Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National Des Arts et Métiers, HESAM Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence GenMed, Paris, France.
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France.
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA, Institut François Jacob, Evry, France.
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4
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Piñeiro-Fernández JC, Rabuñal-Rey R, Maseda A, Romay-Lema E, Suárez-Gil R, Pértega-Díaz S. Demographic transition and hospital admissions in Spanish centenarians, 2004-2020: Geographical variations and sex-related differences. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105276. [PMID: 37984196 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the distribution and temporal trends of the centenarian population and their hospital admissions in Spain over the past two decades, focusing on regional and sex-based differences. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted using data from the Spanish National Health System's Hospital Discharge Records-Minimum Basic Data Set. The analysis included all hospitalized patients ≥100 years between January 2004 and December 2020. The crude annual centenarian population and admission rates were calculated. Joinpoint regression analysis and cross-correlation analysis were used to identify trends and associations. RESULTS From 2004 to 2020, the centenarian population in Spain increased by 89.0 %, with a larger increase observed in women (86.6 %) than men (32.9 %). Significant geographic variability was found, with rates from 1.1 to 5.2 × 10,000 inhabitants per year across different regions. Joinpoint analysis identified three trends: a decline from 2004 to 2008, an increase from 2008 to 2015, and a slower increase from 2015 to 2020. Hospital admissions of centenarians increased by 121.5 %, with a larger increase in women than men (212.1% vs 90.7 %); women represented 75.4 % of admissions. The proportion of centenarian admissions to total hospitalizations showed an upward trend until 2015 and then stabilized; it also varied among regions. CONCLUSION There was a significant increase in the centenarian population and hospital admissions of centenarians in Spain. There are regional disparities in their distribution, with women representing a larger proportion of centenarians and hospital admissions. Understanding these trends and differences is crucial for implementing interventions that ensure adequate healthcare for centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Piñeiro-Fernández
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, SERGAS, 1 Ulises Romero Street, 27003 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Ramón Rabuñal-Rey
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, SERGAS, 1 Ulises Romero Street, 27003 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Ana Maseda
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Eva Romay-Lema
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, SERGAS, 1 Ulises Romero Street, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Roi Suárez-Gil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, SERGAS, 1 Ulises Romero Street, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Sonia Pértega-Díaz
- Universidade da Coruña, Rheumatology and Health Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Esteiro, 15403 Ferrol, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Nursing and Health Care Research Group, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
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5
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Pignolo RJ. Successful Aging: The Longer One Lives, the Better One Has Eaten? Mayo Clin Proc 2023; 98:1751-1752. [PMID: 38043990 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Divisions of Hospital Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine; Section on Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology; and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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6
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Poser M, Sing KEA, Ebert T, Ziebolz D, Schmalz G. The rosetta stone of successful ageing: does oral health have a role? Biogerontology 2023; 24:867-888. [PMID: 37421489 PMCID: PMC10615965 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable aspect of life and thus successful ageing is an important focus of recent scientific efforts. The biological process of ageing is mediated through the interaction of genes with environmental factors, increasing the body's susceptibility to insults. Elucidating this process will increase our ability to prevent and treat age-related disease and consequently extend life expectancy. Notably, centenarians offer a unique perspective on the phenomenon of ageing. Current research highlights several age-associated alterations on the genetic, epigenetic and proteomic level. Consequently, nutrient sensing and mitochondrial function are altered, resulting in inflammation and exhaustion of regenerative ability.Oral health, an important contributor to overall health, remains underexplored in the context of extreme longevity. Good masticatory function ensures sufficient nutrient uptake, reducing morbidity and mortality in old age. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic inflammatory pathologies is well established. Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease are among the most significant disease burdens influenced by inflammatory oral health conditions. Evidence suggests that the interaction is bi-directional, impacting progression, severity and mortality. Current models of ageing and longevity neglect an important factor in overall health and well-being, a gap that this review intends to illustrate and inspire avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Poser
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Katie E A Sing
- Department of Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Tessier NP, Hardy LM, Deleuze JF, How-Kit A. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids of plasma in human aging, healthy aging and longevity: current state of knowledge. Front Genet 2023; 14:1321280. [PMID: 38090154 PMCID: PMC10715054 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1321280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free nucleic acids (ccfNAs) of plasma are a remarkable source of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic materials originating from different cells, tissues and organs of an individual. They have been increasingly studied over the past decade as they can carry several important pieces of information about the health status of an individual, which makes them biomarkers of choice for non-invasive diagnosis of numerous diseases and health conditions. However, few studies have investigated variations of plasma ccfNAs in healthy subjects, particularly in relation to aging, healthy aging and longevity, despite the great variability of these biological processes among individuals. Here, we reviewed several studies that focused on the analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) and microRNAs (ccfmiRNAs) during aging and in the elderly, including some on exceptionally long-lived individuals, i.e., centenarians. After a brief overview of the types, origins and functions of plasma ccfNAs, we described the variations of both ccfDNA and ccfmiRNAs during aging as well as the identification of several potential ccfDNA-based and ccfmiRNA-based biomarkers of aging, healthy aging and/or longevity. We finally highlighted some prospects offered by ccfNAs for the understanding and improvement of healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lise M. Hardy
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA, Institut François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Alexandre How-Kit
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
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8
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Ferraro KF, Bauldry S, Sauerteig-Rolston MR, Thomas PA. Dual Functionality in Later Life. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:1110-1116. [PMID: 36975021 PMCID: PMC10448984 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gerontologists have long shown interest in both longevity and quality of life during later life, but considerable debate has ensued as scholars sought to integrate the two. Drawing from research on the topics of exceptional longevity, successful aging, and active life expectancy, we propose the concept of dual functionality to examine how humans reach advanced ages while maintaining physical and cognitive function. Dual functionality refers to being free of both physical and cognitive impairment. The loss of dual functionality challenges social networks to respond to the functional loss and is a harbinger of additional losses. Evidence of change in the percent of the older population maintaining dual functionality would be helpful for evaluating public health policies to aid quality of life during later life. This article is based on the first author's Robert W. Kleemeier Award Lecture at The Gerontological Society of America 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth F Ferraro
- Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shawn Bauldry
- Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston
- Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Patricia A Thomas
- Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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9
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Marino N, Putignano G, Cappilli S, Chersoni E, Santuccione A, Calabrese G, Bischof E, Vanhaelen Q, Zhavoronkov A, Scarano B, Mazzotta AD, Santus E. Towards AI-driven longevity research: An overview. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1057204. [PMID: 36936271 PMCID: PMC10018490 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1057204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
While in the past technology has mostly been utilized to store information about the structural configuration of proteins and molecules for research and medical purposes, Artificial Intelligence is nowadays able to learn from the existing data how to predict and model properties and interactions, revealing important knowledge about complex biological processes, such as aging. Modern technologies, moreover, can rely on a broader set of information, including those derived from the next-generation sequencing (e.g., proteomics, lipidomics, and other omics), to understand the interactions between human body and the external environment. This is especially relevant as external factors have been shown to have a key role in aging. As the field of computational systems biology keeps improving and new biomarkers of aging are being developed, artificial intelligence promises to become a major ally of aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Marino
- Women’s Brain Project (WBP), Gunterhausen, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Nicola Marino,
| | | | - Simone Cappilli
- Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- UOC of Dermatology, Department of Abdominal and Endocrine Metabolic Medical and Surgical Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Chersoni
- Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Giuliana Calabrese
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, CatholicUniversity of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Quentin Vanhaelen
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bryan Scarano
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, CatholicUniversity of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro D. Mazzotta
- Department of Digestive, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
- Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’anna, Pisa, Italy
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10
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Bae H, Gurinovich A, Karagiannis TT, Song Z, Leshchyk A, Li M, Andersen SL, Arbeev K, Yashin A, Zmuda J, An P, Feitosa M, Giuliani C, Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Mengel-From J, Atzmon G, Barzilai N, Puca A, Schork NJ, Perls TT, Sebastiani P. A Genome-Wide Association Study of 2304 Extreme Longevity Cases Identifies Novel Longevity Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010116. [PMID: 36613555 PMCID: PMC9820206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of human extreme longevity (EL), defined as surviving past the 99th survival percentile, by aggregating data from four centenarian studies. The combined data included 2304 EL cases and 5879 controls. The analysis identified a locus in CDKN2B-AS1 (rs6475609, p = 7.13 × 10-8) that almost reached genome-wide significance and four additional loci that were suggestively significant. Among these, a novel rare variant (rs145265196) on chromosome 11 had much higher longevity allele frequencies in cases of Ashkenazi Jewish and Southern Italian ancestry compared to cases of other European ancestries. We also correlated EL-associated SNPs with serum proteins to link our findings to potential biological mechanisms that may be related to EL and are under genetic regulation. The findings from the proteomic analyses suggested that longevity-promoting alleles of significant genetic variants either provided EL cases with more youthful molecular profiles compared to controls or provided some form of protection from other illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease, and disease progressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Bae
- Biostatistics Program, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Gurinovich
- Center for Quantitative Methods and Data Science, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Tanya T. Karagiannis
- Center for Quantitative Methods and Data Science, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Zeyuan Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anastasia Leshchyk
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mengze Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stacy L. Andersen
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Konstantin Arbeev
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Anatoliy Yashin
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joseph Zmuda
- School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ping An
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Aging, Lobachevsky University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jonas Mengel-From
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
| | - Annibale Puca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Schork
- Quantitative Medicine & Systems Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Thomas T. Perls
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paola Sebastiani
- Center for Quantitative Methods and Data Science, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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11
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Effects of Fisetin, a Plant-Derived Flavonoid, on Response to Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121528. [PMID: 36558979 PMCID: PMC9786162 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a flavonoid abundant in various fruits and vegetables, including apple, strawberry, and onion, shows several beneficial effects such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. The free radical theory of aging suggests that age-related accumulation of oxidative damage is the major cause of aging and that decreasing cellular oxidative stress can regulate aging. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with fisetin on the stress response, aging, and age-related diseases. Fisetin reduced the cellular ROS levels and increased the resistance to oxidative stress. However, the response to UV irradiation was not affected by fisetin. Both the mean and maximum lifespans were significantly extended by fisetin; lifespan extension by fisetin was accompanied by reduced fertility as a trade-off. Age-related decline in motility was also delayed by supplementation with fisetin. Amyloid beta-induced toxicity was markedly decreased by fisetin, which required DAF-16 and SKN-1. Reduced motility induced by a high-glucose diet was completely recovered by supplementation with fisetin, which was dependent on SKN-1. Using a Parkinson's disease model, we showed that degeneration of dopaminergic neurons was significantly inhibited by treatment with fisetin. Genetic analysis revealed that lifespan extension by fisetin was mediated by DAF-16-induced stress response and autophagy. These findings support the free radical theory of aging and suggest that fisetin can be a strong candidate for use in novel anti-aging anti-oxidant nutraceuticals.
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12
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Kashtanova DA, Taraskina AN, Erema VV, Akopyan AA, Ivanov MV, Strazhesko ID, Akinshina AI, Yudin VS, Makarov VV, Kraevoy SA, Korolev DE, Tarasova IV, Beloshevskaya OA, Mkhitaryan EA, Tkacheva ON, Yudin SM. Analyzing Successful Aging and Longevity: Risk Factors and Health Promoters in 2020 Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8178. [PMID: 35805838 PMCID: PMC9266557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Geriatric syndromes (GSs) and aging-associated diseases (AADs) are common side effects of aging. They are affecting the lives of millions of older adults and placing immense pressure on healthcare systems and economies worldwide. It is imperative to study the factors causing these conditions and develop a holistic framework for their management. The so-called long-lived individuals-people over the age of 90 who managed to retain much of their health and functionality-could be holding the key to understanding these factors and their health implications. We analyzed the health status and lifestyle of the long-lived individuals and identified risk factors for GSs. Family history greatly contributes to the health and prevention of cognitive decline in older adults. Lifestyle and certain socioeconomic factors such as education, the age of starting to work and retiring, job type and income level, physical activity, and hobby were also associated with certain GSs. Moreover, the levels of total protein, albumin, alpha-1 globulins, high-density lipoprotein, free triiodothyronine, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were direct indicators of the current health status. The proposed mathematical model allows the prediction of successful aging based on family history, social and economic factors, and life-long physical activity (f1 score = 0.72, AUC = 0.68, precision = 0.83 and recall = 0.64).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Kashtanova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Anastasiia N. Taraskina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Veronika V. Erema
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Anna A. Akopyan
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Mikhail V. Ivanov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Irina D. Strazhesko
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Alexandra I. Akinshina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Vladimir S. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Valentin V. Makarov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Sergey A. Kraevoy
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Denis E. Korolev
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Irina V. Tarasova
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Olga A. Beloshevskaya
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Elen A. Mkhitaryan
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Olga N. Tkacheva
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Sergey M. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
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13
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Dulf EH, Vodnar DC, Danku A, Martău AG, Teleky BE, Dulf FV, Ramadan MF, Crisan O. Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Lactobacillus Species Single and Co-Culture Fermentation Processes in Wheat and Soy Dough Mixtures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:888827. [PMID: 35814014 PMCID: PMC9260078 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.888827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve food production via fermentation with co-cultures of microorganisms (e.g., multiple lactic acid bacteria-LAB strains), one must fully understand their metabolism and interaction patterns in various conditions. For example, LAB can bring added quality to bread by releasing several bioactive compounds when adding soy flour to wheat flour, thus revealing the great potential for functional food development. In the present work, the fermentation of three soy and wheat flour mixtures is studied using single cultures and co-cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei. Bio-chemical processes often require a significant amount of time to obtain the optimal amount of final product; creating a mathematical model can gain important information and aids in the optimization of the process. Consequently, mathematical modeling is used to optimize the fermentation process by following these LAB’s growth kinetics and viability. The present work uses both multiple regression and artificial neural networks (ANN) to obtain the necessary mathematical model, useful in both prediction and process optimization. The main objective is to find a model with optimal performances, evaluated using an ANOVA test. To validate each obtained model, the simulation results are compared with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-H. Dulf
- Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alex Danku
- Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Gheorghe Martău
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bernadette-Emőke Teleky
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Francisc V. Dulf
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- *Correspondence: Francisc V. Dulf,
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ovidiu Crisan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Baiamonte E, Guarrera M, Parisi A, Ruffolo C, Tagliaferri F, Barbagallo M. Healthy Aging and Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040889. [PMID: 35215539 PMCID: PMC8879056 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of factors contribute to the complex process of aging, which finally define whether someone will or not develop age-associated chronic diseases in late life. These determinants comprise genetic susceptibility as well as various behavioral, environmental, and dietary factors, all of which have been shown to influence specific pathways regulating the aging process and the extension of life, which makes longevity a multidimensional phenomenon. Although a “miraculous elixir” or a “nutrition pill” are not plausible, researchers agree on the notion that nutritional factors have major impact on the risk of age-associated chronic non-communicable diseases and mortality. In recent years nutrition research in relation to health outcomes has considerably changed from focusing exclusively on single nutrients to considering combinations of foods rather than nutrients in isolation. Although research on specific nutrients is scientifically valid providing crucial evidence on the mechanisms by which nutrition impacts health, the recent switch targeting the multifaceted synergistic interplay among nutrients, other dietary constituents, and whole foods, has promoted emerging interest on the actions of total dietary patterns. This narrative review aims to describe some specific dietary patterns with evidence of associations with reduction in the incidence of chronic diseases allowing older adults to live a long-lasting and healthier life, and confirming the powerful impact nutrition can exert on healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-091-655-4828; Fax: +39-091-655-2952
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Eleonora Baiamonte
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Guarrera
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Angela Parisi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Chiara Ruffolo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Federica Tagliaferri
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
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15
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Ni X, Bai C, Nie C, Qi L, Liu Y, Yuan H, Zhu X, Sun L, Zhou Q, Li Y, Zhen H, Su H, Li R, Lan R, Pang G, Lv Y, Zhang W, Yang F, Yao Y, Chen C, Wang Z, Gao D, Zhang N, Zhang S, Zhang L, Wu Z, Hu C, Zeng Y, Yang Z. Identification and replication of novel genetic variants of ABO gene to reduce the incidence of diseases and promote longevity by modulating lipid homeostasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24655-24674. [PMID: 34812738 PMCID: PMC8660604 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Genes related to human longevity have not been studied so far, and need to be investigated thoroughly. This study aims to explore the relationship among ABO gene variants, lipid levels, and longevity phenotype in individuals (≥90yrs old) without adverse outcomes. A genotype-phenotype study was performed based on 5803 longevity subjects and 7026 younger controls from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Four ABO gene variants associated with healthy longevity (rs8176719 C, rs687621 G, rs643434 A, and rs505922 C) were identified and replicated in the CLHLS GWAS data analysis and found significantly higher in longevity individuals than controls. The Bonferroni adjusted p-value and OR range were 0.013-0.020 and 1.126-1.151, respectively. According to the results of linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, the above four variants formed a block on the ABO gene (D’=1, r2range = 0.585-0.995). The carriers with genotypes rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, or rs505922 CX (prange = 2.728 x 10-107-5.940 x 10-14; ORrange = 1.004-4.354) and haplotype CGAC/XGXX (p = 2.557 x 10-27; OR = 2.255) had a substantial connection with longevity, according to the results of genetic model analysis. Following the genotype and metabolic phenotype analysis, it has been shown that the longevity individuals with rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, and rs505922 CX had a positive association with HDL-c, LDL-c, TC, TG (prange = 2.200 x 10-5-0.036, ORrange = 1.546-1.709), and BMI normal level (prange = 2.690 x 10-4-0.026, ORrange = 1.530-1.997). Finally, two pathways involving vWF/ADAMTS13 and the inflammatory markers (sE-selectin/ICAM1) that co-regulated lipid levels by glycosylation and effects on each other were speculated. In conclusion, the association between the identified longevity-associated ABO variants and better health lipid profile was elucidated, thus the findings can help in maintaining normal lipid metabolic phenotypes in the longevity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chen Bai
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Liping Qi
- College of Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Cangzhou 061100, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Hefu Zhen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Huabing Su
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rongqiao Li
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rushu Lan
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Pang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Danni Gao
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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16
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Nakanishi Y, Tsugihashi Y, Akahane M, Noda T, Nishioka Y, Myojin T, Kubo S, Higashino T, Okuda N, Robine JM, Imamura T. Comparison of Japanese Centenarians' and Noncentenarians' Medical Expenditures in the Last Year of Life. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2131884. [PMID: 34739063 PMCID: PMC8571656 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.31884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although research has shown that centenarians tend to experience shorter periods of serious illness compared with other age groups, few studies have focused on the medical expenditures of centenarians as a potential indicator of the scale of medical resources used in their last year of life. OBJECTIVE To compare Japanese centenarians' and noncentenarians' monthly medical expenditures during the year before death according to age and sex. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study used linked national health and long-term care insurance data collected from April 2013 to March 2018 in Nara Prefecture, Japan, for residents aged 75 years or older who were insured under the Medical Care System for older adults and died between April 2014 and March 2018. Data were analyzed from April 2013 to March 2018. EXPOSURES Age of 100 years or older (centenarians) vs 75 to 99 years (noncentenarians). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The numbers of unique inpatients and outpatients and medical expenditures related to decedents' hospitalization and outpatient care were extracted and analyzed based on sex and age group. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to identify trends in unadjusted medical expenditures by age group, and generalized estimating equations were used to estimate monthly median expenditures by age group with adjustment for comorbidity burden and functional status. RESULTS Of 34 317 patients aged 75 to 109 years (16 202 men [47.2%] and 18 115 women [52.8%]) who died between April 2014 and March 2018, 872 (2.5%) were aged 100 to 104 years (131 men [15.0%] and 741 women [85.0%]) and 78 (0.2%) were aged 105 to 109 years (fewer than 10 were men). The analysis of unadjusted medical expenditures in the last year of life showed a significant trend of lower expenditures for the older age groups; the median adjusted total expenditures during the 30 days before death by age group were $6784 (IQR, $4884-$9703) for ages 75 to 79 years, $5894 (IQR, $4292-$8536) for 80 to 84 years, $5069 (IQR, $3676-$7150) for 85 to 89 years, $4205 (IQR, $3085-$5914) for 90 to 94 years, $3522 (IQR, $2626-$4861) for 95 to 99 years, $2898 (IQR, $2241-$3835) for 100 to 104 years, and $2626 (IQR, $1938-$3527) for 105 to 109 years. The proportion of inpatients among all patients in the year before death also decreased with increasing age: 4311 of all 4551 patients aged 75 to 79 years (94.7%); 43 of all 78 patients aged 105 to 109 years (55.1%); 2831 of 2956 men aged 75 to 79 years (95.8%); 50.0% of men aged 105 to 109 years (the number is not reported owing to the small sample size); 1480 of 1595 women aged 75 to 79 years (92.8%); and 55.7% of women aged 105 to 109 years (the number of women is not reported to prevent back-calculation of the number of men). Specifically, 274 of 872 patients aged 100 to 104 years (31.4%) and 35 of 78 patients aged 105 to 109 years (44.9%) had not been admitted to a hospital in the year before death. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study found that medical expenditures in the last year of life tended to be lower for centenarians than for noncentenarians aged 75 years or older in Japan. The proportion of inpatients also decreased with increasing age. These findings may inform future health care services coverage and policies for centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nakanishi
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukio Tsugihashi
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Noda
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nishioka
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Myojin
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kubo
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Higashino
- Healthcare and Wellness Division, Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Okuda
- Japan Medical Association Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jean-Marie Robine
- Mécanismes Moléculaires Dans les Démences, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France, and Paris Sciences & Lettres Research University, Montpellier, France
- Centre de Recherche Médecine, Sciences, Santé, Santé Mentale, Société, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tomoaki Imamura
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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17
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Eden Friedman Y, Steinberg DM, Canetti M, Cohen I, Segev S, Salomon O. An impact of lipid profile and lipid lowering drugs on ≥70 year olds of an upper socioeconomic class: a retrospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:120. [PMID: 34587967 PMCID: PMC8480056 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life expectancy has greatly increased, generating an improvement in screening programs for disease prevention, lifesaving drugs and medical devices. The impact of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the very elderly is not well-established. Our aim was to explore the association of LDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and lipid lowering drugs (LLDs) on cognitive decline, malignancies and overall survival. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study. Our study comprised 1498 (72.7%) males and 561 (27.3%) females, aged ≥70 who had attended the Institute for Medical Screening (IMS), Sheba Medical Center, Israel at least twice during 2013-2019. Data were obtained from the computerized database of the IMS. A manual quality control to identify potential discrepancies was performed. RESULTS Overall, 6.3% of the subjects treated with LLDs (95/1421) versus 4.2% not treated (28/638), cognitively declined during the study years. No statistically significant effects of LDL-C, HDL-C and LLDs on cognitive decline were observed after correcting for age, prior stroke and other vascular risk factors. With regard to cancer, after adjusting for confounders and multiple inferences, no definite relationships were found. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of an elderly, high socioeconomic status cohort suggests several relationships between the use of LLDs and health outcomes, some beneficial, especially, with regard to certain types of cancer, but with a higher risk of cognitive decline. Further studies are warranted to clarify the health effects of these medications in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehudit Eden Friedman
- Internal Medicine Department E, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David M Steinberg
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Canetti
- Internal Medicine Department E, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ido Cohen
- Internal Medicine Department E, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Shlomo Segev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Medical Screening, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ophira Salomon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Thrombosis Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
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18
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Lua PL, Roslim NA, Ahmad A, Mansor M, Aung MMT, Hamzah F. Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Weight Loss: A Narrative Review. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 26:2515690X211043738. [PMID: 34496677 PMCID: PMC8436299 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x211043738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite various strategies, overweight and obesity problems are still increasingly prevalent worldwide with serious health outcomes. Consequently, the continuous demand for more effective, safe and acceptable therapies for reducing body weight is also escalating—including complementary and alternative therapies (CATs). The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most commonly- and recently-used CATs, with evaluation of their safety and efficacy for weight loss. Electronic scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed and EBSCO Host were explored for articles that reported CATs for overweight and obesity treatment from 2015 to December 2019. Only systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English were included. Studies whereby CATs were not utilized for reducing body weight were excluded. Eight systematic reviews and meta-analyses and 11 additional RCTs with 765 participants (50.2% overweight and 49.8% obese) related to hypnotherapy, acupuncture and dietary supplements met the inclusion criteria. Their results suggested that spirulina, chitosan, probiotic, EPA + DHA, vitamin D, fiber, and herbal extract supplementation may all provide small reductions in body weight (ranging from 1-10 kg). Interestingly, hypnotherapy and acupuncture reported significantly greater reduction in body weight compared with placebo (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Nonetheless, the evidence is still relatively limited and not encouraging to provide a definitive conclusion due to the methodological shortcomings and the presence of adverse events in chitosan and fiber supplementation. Hence, studies of this nature need to be further replicated and improved to corroborate the efficacy and safety of the CATs to combat weight issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin Lua
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Afiedia Roslim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Aryati Ahmad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mardiana Mansor
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Myat Moe Thwe Aung
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Farrahdilla Hamzah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
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Marcos-Pérez D, Saenz-Antoñanzas A, Matheu A. Centenarians as models of healthy aging: Example of REST. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101392. [PMID: 34139339 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Centenarians are a group of individuals exhibiting extreme longevity, who are characterized by a remarkable compression of morbidity. Therefore, centenarians have been postulated as a model of healthy aging. Different approaches have been used to decipher the biology and genetics of centenarians in order to identify key anti-aging pathways. The majority of studies have taken advantage of blood samples to perform their analysis. Besides, a recent study in human brain samples deciphered the transcription factor REST (Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription Factor) as an important player of extreme longevity and cognitive activity. This study goes from human to animal models and revealed that REST acts as an epigenetic regulator of neuronal homeostasis, to control aging and longevity. The aim of this view point is to summarize recent literature describing genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as molecular pathways associated with centenarians and the biology of aging. We will pay particular attention to the impact of REST in centenarians and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Marcos-Pérez
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Cellular Oncology, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Ander Matheu
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Cellular Oncology, San Sebastián, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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20
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Alvarez JA, Medford A, Strozza C, Thinggaard M, Christensen K. Stratification in health and survival after age 100: evidence from Danish centenarians. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:406. [PMID: 34210289 PMCID: PMC8252309 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existence of a super-select group of centenarians that demonstrates increased survivorship has been hypothesized. However, it is unknown if this super-select group possesses similar characteristics apart from extreme longevity. METHODS In this study, we analyse high-quality health and survival data of Danish centenarians born in 1895, 1905 and 1910. We use Latent Class Analysis to identify unobserved health classes and to test whether these super-select lives share similar health characteristics. RESULTS We find that, even after age 100, a clear and distinct gradient in health exists and that this gradient is remarkably similar across different birth cohorts of centenarians. Based on the level of health, we identify three clusters of centenarians - robust, frail and intermediate - and show that these groups have different survival prospects. The most distinctive characteristic of the robust centenarians is the outperformance in different health dimensions (physical, functional and cognitive). Finally, we show that our health class categorizations are good predictors of the survival prospects of centenarians. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear stratification in health and functioning among those over 100 years of age and these differences are associated with survival beyond age 100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús-Adrián Alvarez
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Anthony Medford
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cosmo Strozza
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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21
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Fernández-Blázquez MA, del Ser T, Frades-Payo B, Ávila-Villanueva M, Valentí-Soler M, Benítez-Robredo MT, Bermejo-Aguña A, Pedrero-Pérez EJ, Quilis-Sancho J, Pastor AB, Fernández-Garrido C, Morales-Alonso S, Diaz-Olalla JM, Santos NC, Maestú F, Gómez-Ramírez J. MADRID+90 study on factors associated with longevity: Study design and preliminary data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251796. [PMID: 33999936 PMCID: PMC8128242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive aging of the population represents a challenge for society. In particular, a strong increase in the number of people over 90 is expected in the next two decades. As this phenomenon will lead to an increase in illness and age-related dependency, the study of long-lived people represents an opportunity to explore which lifestyle factors are associated with healthy aging and which with the emergence of age-related diseases, especially Alzheimer's type dementia. The project "Factors associated with healthy and pathologically aging in a sample of elderly people over 90 in the city of Madrid" (MADRID+90) brings together a multidisciplinary research team in neurodegenerative diseases that includes experts in epidemiology, neurology, neuropsychology, neuroimaging and computational neuroscience. In the first phase of the project, a stratified random sampling was carried out according to the census of the city of Madrid followed by a survey conducted on 191 people aged 90 and over. This survey gathered information on demographics, clinical data, lifestyles and cognitive status. Here, the main results of that survey are showed. The second phase of the project aims to characterize individual trajectories in the course of either healthy and pathological aging, from a group of 50 subjects over 90 who will undergo a comprehensive clinical examination comprised of neurological and cognitive testing, MRI and EEG. The ultimate goal of the project is to characterize the biophysical and clinical profiles of a population that tends to receive little attention in the literature. A better understanding of the rapidly increasing group of nonagenarians will also help to design new policies that minimize the impact and future social and economic consequences of rapidly aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Fernández-Blázquez
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Teodoro del Ser
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Frades-Payo
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Ávila-Villanueva
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meritxell Valentí-Soler
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Bermejo-Aguña
- Municipal Statistics Service, S.D.G. for Statistics, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Quilis-Sancho
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Pastor
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara Morales-Alonso
- Evaluation and Quality Department, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Diaz-Olalla
- Evaluation and Quality Department, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadine Correia Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Ramírez
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Effect of longevity genetic variants on the molecular aging rate. GeroScience 2021; 43:1237-1251. [PMID: 33948810 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a genome-wide association study of 1320 centenarians from the New England Centenarian Study (median age = 104 years) and 2899 unrelated controls using >9 M genetic variants imputed to the HRC panel of ~65,000 haplotypes. The genetic variants with the most significant associations were correlated to 4131 proteins that were profiled in the serum of a subset of 224 study participants using a SOMAscan array. The genetic associations were replicated in a genome-wide association study of 480 centenarians and ~800 controls of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. The proteomic associations were replicated in a proteomic scan of approximately 1000 Ashkenazi Jewish participants from a third cohort. The analysis replicated a protein signature associated with APOE genotypes and confirmed strong overexpression of BIRC2 (p < 5E-16) and under-expression of APOB in carriers of the APOE2 allele (p < 0.05). The analysis also discovered and replicated associations between longevity variants and slower changes of protein biomarkers of aging, including a novel protein signature of rs2184061 (CDKN2A/CDKN2B in chromosome 9) that suggests a genetic regulation of GDF15. The analyses showed that longevity variants correlate with proteome signatures that could be manipulated to discover healthy-aging targets.
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23
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Souza PAD, Avant KC, Berndt AE. Nursing diagnoses of impaired memory and chronic confusion for older adults: diagnostic content validation. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200370. [PMID: 33624690 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnoses, impaired memory and chronic confusion for older adults, by testing diagnostic concept definitions among expert nurses. METHODS We used a Diagnostic content validation using an online survey of expert clinical nurses. RESULTS 195 expert nurses performed the diagnostic validations. Findings provided validity of impaired memory with 11 major defining characteristics and chronic confusion, with 11 major and one minor defining characteristics. In both diagnoses, content validity index was 0.85. Factor analysis provided four and five supported factors for impaired memory and chronic confusion, respectively. CONCLUSION The study provided evidence of validity of the two diagnoses and made them clearer. Using these updated nursing diagnoses, nurses have the potential to improve accuracy and quality of care for elderly patients, contributing to more accurate nursing gerontological care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Coalson Avant
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrea E Berndt
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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24
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Haas C, Neubauer J, Salzmann AP, Hanson E, Ballantyne J. Forensic transcriptome analysis using massively parallel sequencing. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2021; 52:102486. [PMID: 33657509 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The application of transcriptome analyses in forensic genetics has experienced tremendous growth and development in the past decade. The earliest studies and main applications were body fluid and tissue identification, using targeted RNA transcripts and a reverse transcription endpoint PCR method. A number of markers have been identified for the forensically most relevant body fluids and tissues and the method has been successfully used in casework. The introduction of Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS) opened up new perspectives and opportunities to advance the field. Contrary to genomic DNA where two copies of an autosomal DNA segment are present in a cell, abundant RNA species are expressed in high copy numbers. Even whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) of forensically relevant body fluids and of postmortem material was shown to be possible. This review gives an overview on forensic transcriptome analyses and applications. The methods cover whole transcriptome as well as targeted MPS approaches. High resolution forensic transcriptome analyses using MPS are being applied to body fluid/ tissue identification, determination of the age of stains and the age of the donor, the estimation of the post-mortem interval and to post mortem death investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Haas
- University of Zurich, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Genetics, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jacqueline Neubauer
- University of Zurich, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Genetics, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Patrizia Salzmann
- University of Zurich, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Genetics, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erin Hanson
- National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway, Suite 225, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Jack Ballantyne
- National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway, Suite 225, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; Department of Chemistry, National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway, Suite 225, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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25
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Dominguez LJ, Baiamonte E, Guarrera M, Parisi A, Tagliaferri F, Barbagallo M. Dietary Patterns and Healthy Ageing. HEALTHY AGEING AND LONGEVITY 2021:301-314. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83017-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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26
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Khalid S, Rasheed U, Qamar U. GenF: A longevity predicting framework to aid public health sectors. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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27
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Pignatti C, D’Adamo S, Stefanelli C, Flamigni F, Cetrullo S. Nutrients and Pathways that Regulate Health Span and Life Span. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5040095. [PMID: 33228041 PMCID: PMC7709628 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both life span and health span are influenced by genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. With the genetic influence on human life span estimated to be about 20–25%, epigenetic changes play an important role in modulating individual health status and aging. Thus, a main part of life expectance and healthy aging is determined by dietary habits and nutritional factors. Excessive or restricted food consumption have direct effects on health status. Moreover, some dietary interventions including a reduced intake of dietary calories without malnutrition, or a restriction of specific dietary component may promote health benefits and decrease the incidence of aging-related comorbidities, thus representing intriguing potential approaches to improve healthy aging. However, the relationship between nutrition, health and aging is still not fully understood as well as the mechanisms by which nutrients and nutritional status may affect health span and longevity in model organisms. The broad effect of different nutritional conditions on health span and longevity occurs through multiple mechanisms that involve evolutionary conserved nutrient-sensing pathways in tissues and organs. These pathways interacting each other include the evolutionary conserved key regulators mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated protein kinase, insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 pathway and sirtuins. In this review we provide a summary of the main molecular mechanisms by which different nutritional conditions, i.e., specific nutrient abundance or restriction, may affect health span and life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pignatti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Stefania D’Adamo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-1241
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The treatment of Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) improves the neuroplasticity of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in aged rats. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 83:108416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Pignolo RJ, Nath KA. Introduction to Thematic Reviews on Aging and Geriatric Medicine. Mayo Clin Proc 2020; 95:1102-1104. [PMID: 32498769 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Department of medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| | - Karl A Nath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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30
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Nehete PN, Williams LE, Chitta S, Nehete BP, Patel AG, Ramani MD, Wisniewski T, Scholtzova H. Class C CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Immunomodulatory Response in Aged Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri Boliviensis Boliviensis). Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:36. [PMID: 32194391 PMCID: PMC7063459 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One means of stimulating the mammalian innate immune system is via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) being exposed to unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) DNA, also known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of microbial origin. Synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with defined CpG motifs possess broad immunostimulatory properties that make CpG ODNs suitable as therapeutic interventions in a variety of human disease conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rodent models are often used to preclinically test the effectiveness of CpG ODN therapeutic agents for AD and other disorders. However, the translatability of findings in such models is limited due to the significant difference of the expression of TLR9 between primates and rodents. The squirrel monkey (SQM), a New World non-human primate (NHP), is known to be phylogenetically proximate to humans, and develops extensive age-dependent cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a key pathological feature of AD. Hence, this model is currently being used to test AD therapeutics. In the present study, we conducted the first examination of Class C CpG ODN's immunomodulatory role in elderly SQMs. We documented the effectiveness of CpG ODN to trigger an immune response in an aged cohort whose immune system is senescent. The specific immune response patterns detected here closely resembled CpG ODN-induced immunostimulatory patterns observed in prior human studies. Overall, our findings provide critical data regarding the immunomodulatory potential of CpG ODN in this NHP model, allowing for future translational studies of innate immunity stimulation via TLR9 agonists for diverse indications, including AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod N. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lawrence E. Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
| | - Sriram Chitta
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
| | - Bharti P. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
| | - Akash G. Patel
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Margish D. Ramani
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Henrieta Scholtzova
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Blood Metabolite Signatures of Metabolic Syndrome in Two Cross-Cultural Older Adult Cohorts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041324. [PMID: 32079087 PMCID: PMC7072935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects an increasing number of older adults worldwide. Cross-cultural comparisons can provide insight into how factors, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle, may influence MetS prevalence. Metabolomics, which measures the biochemical products of cell processes, can be used to enhance a mechanistic understanding of how biological factors influence metabolic outcomes. In this study we examined associations between serum metabolite concentrations, representing a range of biochemical pathways and metabolic syndrome in two older adult cohorts: The Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study (TMCS) from Japan (n = 104) and the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) from the United States (n = 146). We used logistic regression to model associations between MetS and metabolite concentrations. We found that metabolites from the phosphatidylcholines-acyl-alkyl, sphingomyelin, and hexose classes were significantly associated with MetS and risk factor outcomes in both cohorts. In BLSA, metabolites across all classes were uniquely associated with all outcomes. In TMCS, metabolites from the amino acid, biogenic amines, and free fatty acid classes were uniquely associated with MetS, and metabolites from the sphingomyelin class were uniquely associated with elevated triglycerides. The metabolites and metabolite classes we identified may be relevant for future studies exploring disease mechanisms and identifying novel precision therapy targets for individualized medicine.
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Abstract
The past two centuries have witnessed an unprecedented rise in human life expectancy. Sustaining longer lives with reduced periods of disability will require an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ageing, and genetics is a powerful tool for identifying these mechanisms. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have recently identified many loci that influence key human ageing traits, including lifespan. Multi-trait loci have been linked with several age-related diseases, suggesting shared ageing influences. Mutations that drive accelerated ageing in prototypical progeria syndromes in humans point to an important role for genome maintenance and stability. Together, these different strands of genetic research are highlighting pathways for the discovery of anti-ageing interventions that may be applicable in humans.
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Phosphatidylserine modulates response to oxidative stress through hormesis and increases lifespan via DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biogerontology 2020; 21:231-244. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li M, Wang D, He J, Chen L, Li H. Bcl-X L: A multifunctional anti-apoptotic protein. Pharmacol Res 2020; 151:104547. [PMID: 31734345 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) is one of the anti-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family that is localized in the mitochondria. Bcl-XL is one of the key regulators of apoptosis that can also regulate other important cellular functions. Bcl-XL is overexpressed in many cancers, and its inhibitors have shown good therapeutic effects. Bcl-XL interacts with Beclin 1, a key factor regulating autophagy. Bcl-XL is essential for the survival of neurons and plays protective roles in neuronal injuries. It can promote the growth of neurons and the correct formation of neural networks, enhance synaptic plasticity, and control neurotoxicity. Bcl-XL can also promote the transport of Ca2+ to mitochondria, increase the production of ATP, and improve metabolic efficiency. In addition, targeting Bcl-XL has shown potential value in autoimmune diseases and aging. In this review, we summarize the functions of Bcl-XL in cancer, autophagy, Ca2+ signaling, neuroprotection, neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity, energy metabolism, immunity, and senescence as revealed by investigations conducted in the past 10 years. Moreover, we list some inhibitors that have been developed based on the functions of Bcl-XL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dun Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Borras C, Ingles M, Mas-Bargues C, Dromant M, Sanz-Ros J, Román-Domínguez A, Gimeno-Mallench L, Gambini J, Viña J. Centenarians: An excellent example of resilience for successful ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 186:111199. [PMID: 31899226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Centenarians are remarkable not only because of their prolonged life, but also because they compress morbidity until the very last moments of their lives, thus being proposed as a model of successful, extraordinary ageing. From the medical viewpoint, centenarians do not escape the physiological decline or the age-related diseases or syndromes (i.e. frailty), but the rate of such processes is slow enough to be counterbalanced by their increased intrinsic capacity to respond to minor stresses of daily life (i.e. resilience). These new concepts are reviewed in this paper. Allostatic stresses lead to a chronic low-grade inflammation that has led to the proposal of the "inflammaging" theory of ageing and frailty. The biology of centenarians, described in this review, provides us with clues for intervention to promote healthy ageing in the general population. One of the major reasons for this healthy ageing has to do with the genetic signature that is specific for centenarians and certainly different from octogenarians who do not enjoy the extraordinary qualities of centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Borras
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Ingles
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Dromant
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Sanz-Ros
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Román-Domínguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Gimeno-Mallench
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Gambini
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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Ekmekcioglu C. Nutrition and longevity – From mechanisms to uncertainties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3063-3082. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1676698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia die, on average, 20 years before their peers, with 'natural causes' accounting for 80% of premature deaths. The aim of this narrative review is to address this phenomenon from the perspective of known factors that contribute to long life. The relevant literature from the last decade was searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Four factors have been shown to be common to centarians, people who live to be a hundred: genes, life style behaviors that favor a healthy heart, social support, and a subjective purpose in life. The latter three factors are potentially modifiable but, in the context of schizophrenia, there are barriers to change, namely poverty, illness symptoms, stress, stigma, and side effects of antipsychotic medication. Barriers to change need to be addressed before substantial progress can be made in increasing the health and mortality risk of people with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 260 Heath St. West, Suite #605, Toronto, Ontario, M5P 3L6, Canada.
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Moore JH, Raghavachari N. Artificial Intelligence Based Approaches to Identify Molecular Determinants of Exceptional Health and Life Span-An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging. Front Artif Intell 2019; 2:12. [PMID: 33733101 PMCID: PMC7861312 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2019.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful approach for integrated analysis of the rapidly growing volume of multi-omics data, including many research and clinical tasks such as prediction of disease risk and identification of potential therapeutic targets. However, the potential for AI to facilitate the identification of factors contributing to human exceptional health and life span and their translation into novel interventions for enhancing health and life span has not yet been realized. As researchers on aging acquire large scale data both in human cohorts and model organisms, emerging opportunities exist for the application of AI approaches to untangle the complex physiologic process(es) that modulate health and life span. It is expected that efficient and novel data mining tools that could unravel molecular mechanisms and causal pathways associated with exceptional health and life span could accelerate the discovery of novel therapeutics for healthy aging. Keeping this in mind, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) convened an interdisciplinary workshop titled “Contributions of Artificial Intelligence to Research on Determinants and Modulation of Health Span and Life Span” in August 2018. The workshop involved experts in the fields of aging, comparative biology, cardiology, cancer, and computational science/AI who brainstormed ideas on how AI can be leveraged for the analyses of large-scale data sets from human epidemiological studies and animal/model organisms to close the current knowledge gaps in processes that drive exceptional life and health span. This report summarizes the discussions and recommendations from the workshop on future application of AI approaches to advance our understanding of human health and life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H Moore
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Phosphatidylcholine Extends Lifespan via DAF-16 and Reduces Amyloid-Beta-Induced Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2860642. [PMID: 31379987 PMCID: PMC6657616 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2860642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine is one of the major phospholipids comprising cellular membrane and is known to have several health-promoting activities, including the improvement of brain function and liver repair. In this paper, we examine the in vivo effect of dietary supplementation with phosphatidylcholine on the response to environmental stressors and aging in C. elegans. Treatment with phosphatidylcholine significantly increased the survival of worms under oxidative stress conditions. However, there was no significant difference in response to stresses caused by heat shock or ultraviolet irradiation. Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the major causal factors of aging. Then, we examined the effect of phosphatidylcholine on lifespan and age-related physiological changes. Phosphatidylcholine showed a lifespan-extending effect and a reduction in fertility, possibly as a tradeoff for long lifespan. Age-related decline of motility was also significantly delayed by supplementation with phosphatidylcholine. Interestingly, the expressions of well-known longevity-assuring genes, hsp-16.2 and sod-3, were significantly upregulated by dietary intervention with phosphatidylcholine. DAF-16, a transcription factor modulating stress response genes, was accumulated in the nucleus by phosphatidylcholine treatment. Increase of the ROS level with phosphatidylcholine suggests that the antioxidant and lifespan-extending effects are due to the hormetic effect of phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholine also showed a protective effect against amyloid beta-induced toxicity in Alzheimer's disease model animals. Experiments with long-lived mutants revealed that the lifespan-extending effect of phosphatidylcholine specifically overlapped with that of reduced insulin/IGF-1-like signaling and required DAF-16. These findings showed the antioxidant and antiaging activities of phosphatidylcholine for the first time in vivo. Further studies focusing on the identification of underlying cellular mechanisms involved in the antiaging effect will increase the possibility of using phosphatidylcholine for the development of antiaging therapeutics.
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Schott N, Krull K. Stability of Lifestyle Behavior - The Answer to Successful Cognitive Aging? A Comparison of Nuns, Monks, Master Athletes and Non-active Older Adults. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1347. [PMID: 31231291 PMCID: PMC6567482 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies of the effect of physical activity on cognition demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and cognitive decline. However, such health behaviors are hardly invariable over time. The relative homogeneity of the adult lifestyle of nuns/monks as well as master athletes reduces the likelihood of confounding due to differences in their participation in regular life-long physical activities. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in cognitive functions between nuns/monks, master athletes and sedentary, but otherwise healthy older adults. Additionally, we examined associations between demographic variables (education, sex, age), BMI, physical activity, exercise, and fitness and cognitive performance. Methods: We recruited three groups of healthy participants without cognitive deficits: (1) Nuns/Monks (n = 20; age 77.5 ± 5.56; 5 M, 15 W), (2) Master Athletes (n = 20; age 76.5 ± 5.33; 12 M, 8 W), and (3) Sedentary (n = 20; 76.4 ± 5.96, 6 M, 14 W). Cognitive performance (working memory, inhibition) was measured with a n-back task and a flanker task, participation in physical activities with the "German-PAQ-50+," and physical fitness with the 30s chair stand and arm curl test. Results: As predicted, ANOVA comparing groups revealed the three groups differed in cognition, physical activity, and physical fitness with inactive older adults performing lower on all tests than the other two groups. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a positive influence of lifestyle stability on accuracy and reaction time for working memory and inhibitory performance. The highest correlation coefficients for fitness and cognitive performance emerged for the group of nuns and monks. Conclusion: Life-long stability of an active lifestyle may confer benefits to some aspects of working memory, attention, and inhibitory control. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further examine the causal relationship of lifestyle stability and cognitive function in such specific cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Schott
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Krull
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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