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Yasmin HAN, Kunasundari B, Shuit SH, Tompang MF. Paddy straw saccharification using immobilized laccase on magnetized multiwall carbon nanotubes. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:559-569. [PMID: 38748066 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The effective recovery of the immobilized enzymes using magnetic carriers has led to growing interest in this technology. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of immobilized laccase on magnetized multiwall carbon nanotubes (m-MWCNTs) in terms of stability and reusability. Laccases were efficiently adsorbed onto magnetized multiwall carbon nanotubes (m-MWCNTs) synthesized using water. The concentration of 7 mg laccase/mL was found to be ideal for immobilization. The optimal activity of both free and immobilized laccases was observed at pH 5, while for the latter, the optimal temperature was shifted from 40 to 50 °C. Compared to the free laccase, the immobilized laccase exhibited a greater range of stability at more extreme temperatures. At the fourth cycle of reactions, the immobilized laccase exhibited more than 60% relative activity in terms of reusability. Based on the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) peak at 2921 cm-1, saccharification of paddy straw using immobilized laccase verified lignin degradation. The easy recovery of the immobilized laccase on m-MWCNTs lends credence to its potential use in biomass hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balakrishnan Kunasundari
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Siew Hoong Shuit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fahrurrazi Tompang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
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2
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Liu X, Wu J, Yang S, Li L, Ji Y. Carboxy-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework as a Carrier for Lipase Immobilization and Its Application in Inhibitors Screening. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:4024-4037. [PMID: 37819460 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with large specific surface areas, high porosity, good stability, and designable structure are promising carriers for immobilized enzymes. It is important to explore lipase inhibitors from natural foods as lipase inhibitors are closely related to the treatment of obesity. In this work, a carboxyl functionalized covalent organic framework (TpBD-3COOH) was prepared by solvothermal method for covalent immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) and obtained the enzyme-decorated COF (PPL@COF). The immobilized lipase showed wider pH and temperature tolerance with the same optimal pH and temperature of 7.5 and 50 ℃ compared to free lipase. After 6 successive reuses, the PPL@COF maintained 53.0% of its original activity. Immobilized lipase also displayed enhanced storage stability (55.4% after 14 days at 4 ℃). When p-nitrophenyl acetate was applied as the substrate, the calculated Michaelis constant was 3.57 mM and the half maximal inhibitory concentration of orlistat was 3.20 μM. Finally, the PPL@COF was used for enzyme inhibitors screening from natural foods combined with UV spectrophotometry, and Hawthorn was screened for excellent lipase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Sakthivel S, Muthusamy K, Thangarajan AP, Thiruvengadam M, Venkidasamy B. Nano-based biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulose biomass: environmental sustainability and economic approach. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:971-990. [PMID: 38554183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass offers a promising approach to simultaneously address environmental sustainability and economic viability. This review provides an overview of the environmental and economic implications of integrating nanotechnology into biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we highlight the potential benefits and challenges of nano-based biofuel production. Nanomaterials provide opportunities to improve feedstock pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and catalysis, resulting in enhanced process efficiency, lower energy consumption, and reduced environmental impact. Conducting life cycle assessments is crucial for evaluating the overall environmental footprint of biofuel production. An economic perspective that focuses on the cost implications of utilizing nanomaterials in biofuel production is also discussed. A comprehensive understanding of both environmental and economic dimensions is essential to fully harness the potential of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass and to move towards sustainable future energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Sakthivel
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanthimathi Muthusamy
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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Araújo EV, Carneiro SV, Neto DMA, Freire TM, Costa VM, Freire RM, Fechine LMUD, Clemente CS, Denardin JC, Dos Santos JCS, Santos-Oliveira R, Rocha JS, Fechine PBA. Advances in surface design and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103166. [PMID: 38728773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant efforts by scientists in the development of advanced nanotechnology materials for smart diagnosis devices and drug delivery systems, the success of clinical trials remains largely elusive. In order to address this biomedical challenge, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained attention as a promising candidate due to their theranostic properties, which allow the simultaneous treatment and diagnosis of a disease. Moreover, MNPs have advantageous characteristics such as a larger surface area, high surface-to-volume ratio, enhanced mobility, mass transference and, more notably, easy manipulation under external magnetic fields. Besides, certain magnetic particle types based on the magnetite (Fe3O4) phase have already been FDA-approved, demonstrating biocompatible and low toxicity. Typically, surface modification and/or functional group conjugation are required to prevent oxidation and particle aggregation. A wide range of inorganic and organic molecules have been utilized to coat the surface of MNPs, including surfactants, antibodies, synthetic and natural polymers, silica, metals, and various other substances. Furthermore, various strategies have been developed for the synthesis and surface functionalization of MNPs to enhance their colloidal stability, biocompatibility, good response to an external magnetic field, etc. Both uncoated MNPs and those coated with inorganic and organic compounds exhibit versatility, making them suitable for a range of applications such as drug delivery systems (DDS), magnetic hyperthermia, fluorescent biological labels, biodetection and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thus, this review provides an update of recently published MNPs works, providing a current discussion regarding their strategies of synthesis and surface modifications, biomedical applications, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Araújo
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - S V Carneiro
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - D M A Neto
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - T M Freire
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - V M Costa
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - R M Freire
- Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330601, Chile.
| | - L M U D Fechine
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - C S Clemente
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60440-900, Brazil.
| | - J C Denardin
- Physics Department and CEDENNA, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170124, Chile.
| | - J C S Dos Santos
- Engineering and Sustainable Development Institute, International Afro-Brazilian Lusophone Integration University, Campus das Auroras, Redenção 62790970, CE, Brazil; Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil.
| | - R Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, RJ, Brazil; Zona Oeste State University, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy, Av Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203, Campo Grande 23070200, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Janaina S Rocha
- Industrial Technology and Quality Center of Ceará, R. Prof. Rômulo Proença, s/n - Pici, 60440-552 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - P B A Fechine
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Gama Cavalcante AL, Dari DN, Izaias da Silva Aires F, Carlos de Castro E, Moreira Dos Santos K, Sousa Dos Santos JC. Advancements in enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanomaterials: toward sustainable industrial applications. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17946-17988. [PMID: 38841394 PMCID: PMC11151160 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are widely used in biofuels, food, and pharmaceuticals. The immobilization of enzymes on solid supports, particularly magnetic nanomaterials, enhances their stability and catalytic activity. Magnetic nanomaterials are chosen for their versatility, large surface area, and superparamagnetic properties, which allow for easy separation and reuse in industrial processes. Researchers focus on the synthesis of appropriate nanomaterials tailored for specific purposes. Immobilization protocols are predefined and adapted to both enzymes and support requirements for optimal efficiency. This review provides a detailed exploration of the application of magnetic nanomaterials in enzyme immobilization protocols. It covers methods, challenges, advantages, and future perspectives, starting with general aspects of magnetic nanomaterials, their synthesis, and applications as matrices for solid enzyme stabilization. The discussion then delves into existing enzymatic immobilization methods on magnetic nanomaterials, highlighting advantages, challenges, and potential applications. Further sections explore the industrial use of various enzymes immobilized on these materials, the development of enzyme-based bioreactors, and prospects for these biocatalysts. In summary, this review provides a concise comparison of the use of magnetic nanomaterials for enzyme stabilization, highlighting potential industrial applications and contributing to manufacturing optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Luthierre Gama Cavalcante
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
| | - Dayana Nascimento Dari
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - Francisco Izaias da Silva Aires
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - Erico Carlos de Castro
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
| | - Kaiany Moreira Dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - José Cleiton Sousa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus do Pici, Bloco 940 Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
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6
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Kamali E, Dreekvandy F, Mohammadkhani A, Heydari A. Modified nano magnetic Fe 2O 3-MgO as a high active multifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for environmentally beneficial carbon-carbon synthesis. BMC Chem 2024; 18:78. [PMID: 38643240 PMCID: PMC11032600 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel nanomagnetic catalysts, namely Fe2O3-MgO@choline formate (Ch. F.) and Fe2O3-MgO@choline cyanide (Ch. CN), were synthesized through immobilizing choline-based ion liquids to magnetic support via a simple and cost-effective methodology. FT-IR, TGA, FE-SEM, VSM, EDS, BET, and XRD techniques were employed to assess and characterize these organic-inorganic compounds. Following the successful preparation of nanoparticles, the catalysts were utilized in Knoevenagel and benzoin condensations. Fe2O3-MgO@Ch.F. exhibited exceptional activity in Knoevenagel condensation under solvent-free conditions at room temperature, achieving high yields (91-98%) in a short timeframe. Similarly, Fe2O3-MgO@Ch.CN demonstrated remarkable activity in benzoin condensation under environmentally friendly solvent conditions, yielding higher isolated yields (76-88%). Furthermore, these magnetically recyclable multifunctional catalysts displayed the ability to be reused up to five times without a significant loss in efficiency. Additionally, the heterogeneity of this nanocatalyst was investigated using the hot filtration technique. The findings indicated that the reaction primarily occurs via a heterogeneous pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Kamali
- Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box: 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahim Dreekvandy
- Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box: 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Akbar Heydari
- Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box: 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Xu C, Tong S, Sun L, Gu X. Cellulase immobilization to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: An all-inclusive review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121319. [PMID: 37739542 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery plays a crucial role in the production of high-value biofuels and chemicals, with enzymatic hydrolysis being an essential component. The advent of cellulase immobilization has revolutionized this process, significantly enhancing the efficiency, stability, and reusability of cellulase enzymes. This review offers a thorough analysis of the fundamental principles underlying immobilization, encompassing various immobilization approaches such as physical adsorption, covalent binding, entrapment, and cross-linking. Furthermore, it explores a diverse range of carrier materials, including inorganic, organic, and hybrid/composite materials. The review also focuses on emerging approaches like multi-enzyme co-immobilization, oriented immobilization, immobilized enzyme microreactors, and enzyme engineering for immobilization. Additionally, it delves into novel carrier technologies like 3D printing carriers, stimuli-responsive carriers, artificial cellulosomes, and biomimetic carriers. Moreover, the review addresses recent obstacles in cellulase immobilization, including molecular-level immobilization mechanism, diffusion limitations, loss of cellulase activity, cellulase leaching, and considerations of cost-effectiveness and scalability. The knowledge derived from this review is anticipated to catalyze the evolution of more efficient and sustainable biocatalytic systems for lignocellulosic biomass conversion, representing the current state-of-the-art in cellulase immobilization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Liqun Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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El-Aziz SMA, Faraag AHI, Ibrahim AM, Albrakati A, Bakkar MR. Tyrosinase enzyme purification and immobilization from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 using cellulose coated magnetic nanoparticles: characterization and application in melanin production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:10. [PMID: 37947912 PMCID: PMC10638195 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is a brown-black pigment with significant roles in various biological processes. The tyrosinase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to melanin and has promising uses in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. This research aims to purify and immobilize the tyrosinase enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 using cellulose-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Various techniques were utilized to examine the synthesized nanoparticles, which exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 12 nm and a negative surface potential of - 55.7 mV with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.260. Comparing the immobilized magnetic tyrosinase enzyme with the free enzyme, the study's findings showed that the immobilized tyrosinase enzyme had optimal activity at a pH of 6 and a temperature of 35 °C, and its activity increased as the concentration of tyrosine increased. The study investigated the antibacterial and anticancer bioactivity of the enzyme's melanin product and found that it exhibited potential antibacterial activity against a multi-drug resistant strain including S. aureus and E. coli. The produced melanin also demonstrated the potential to decrease cell survival and induce apoptosis in initiation cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
| | | | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kaur G, Taggar MS, Kalia A. Cellulase-immobilized chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:111627-111647. [PMID: 37280490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Devising and consolidating cost-effective and greener technologies for sustainable energy production pertain to some of the most pressing needs of the present times. Bioconversion of abundantly available lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars to produce biofuels involves the cost-extensive requirement of hydrolytic enzymes called cellulases. Cellulases are highly selective and eco-friendly biocatalysts responsible for deconstruction of complex polysaccharides into simple sugars. Currently, immobilization of cellulases is being carried out on magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with suitable biopolymers such as chitosan. Chitosan, a biocompatible polymer, exhibits high surface area, chemical/thermal stability, functionality, and reusability. The chitosan-functionalized magnetic nanocomposites (Ch-MNCs) present a nanobiocatalytic system that enables easy retrieval, separation, and recycling of cellulases, thereby offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach for biomass hydrolysis. These functional nanostructures show enormous potential owing to certain physicochemical and structural features that have been discussed in a comprehensive manner in this review. It provides an insight into the synthesis, immobilization, and application of cellulase immobilized Ch-MNCs for biomass hydrolysis. This review aims to bridge the gap between sustainable utilization and economic viability of employing replenishable agro-residues for cellulosic ethanol production by incorporating the recently emerging nanocomposite immobilization approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkanwal Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Monica Sachdeva Taggar
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
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10
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Kumar P, Kermanshahi-Pour A, Brar SK, He QS, Rainey JK. Influence of elevated pressure and pressurized fluids on microenvironment and activity of enzymes. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108219. [PMID: 37488056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes have great potential in bioprocess engineering due to their green and mild reaction conditions. However, there are challenges to their application, such as enzyme extraction and purification costs, enzyme recovery, and long reaction time. Enzymatic reaction rate enhancement and enzyme immobilization have the potential to overcome some of these challenges. Application of high pressure (e.g., hydrostatic pressure, supercritical carbon dioxide) has been shown to increase the activity of some enzymes, such as lipases and cellulases. Under high pressure, enzymes undergo multiple alterations simultaneously. High pressure reduces the bond lengths of molecules of reaction components and causes a reduction in the activation volume of enzyme-substrate complex. Supercritical CO2 interacts with enzyme molecules, catalyzes structural changes, and removes some water molecules from the enzyme's hydration layer. Interaction of scCO2 with the enzyme also leads to an overall change in secondary structure content. In the extreme, such changes may lead to enzyme denaturation, but enzyme activation and stabilization have also been observed. Immobilization of enzymes onto silica and zeolite-based supports has been shown to further stabilize the enzyme and provide resistance towards perturbation under subjection to high pressure and scCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1Z1, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kermanshahi-Pour
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Quan Sophia He
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Jan K Rainey
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, and School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Barik S, Dash AK, Saharay M. Immobilization of Cellulase Enzymes on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Recycling of Enzymes and Better Yield of Bioethanol Using Computer Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5192-5203. [PMID: 37590465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of microbial cellulase enzymes for transforming plant biomass into biofuel or bioethanol, which can serve as a substitute for fossil fuel, is a subject of growing interest. Nonetheless, large-scale production of biofuel using cellulases is not economically feasible as the extraction of these enzymes from diverse microorganisms is an expensive process. To address this issue, immobilizing the enzyme to a substrate material, e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs), to recycle without a significant decline in its catalytic activity is a promising solution. Due to the hydrophobic nature of CNTs, we employed molecular docking and network analysis methodologies to identify potential CNT-binding sites on the outer surface of a wild-type cellulase enzyme, CelS. Classical molecular dynamics simulations of CNT-bound CelS through one of the selected binding sites resulted in negligible changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme and its catalytic domain, implying the least possible effect on the catalytic activity post-immobilization. Furthermore, our study reveals that while the unfolding near the CNT-binding region in CelS is more pronounced when the enzyme is interacting with a wider CNT, resulting in enhanced contact area and improved binding affinity, its impact on the overall CelS structure is relatively less significant when compared to thinner CNTs. Particularly, CNTs of diameter ∼12 Å can serve as a favorable option for substrate materials in cellulase immobilization. Our study also provides critical insights into the binding mechanisms between cellulase and CNTs, which could lead to the development of more efficient biocatalysts for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhashree Barik
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Akarsh Kumar Dash
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Moumita Saharay
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
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12
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Performance of Eversa Transform 2.0 Lipase in Ester Production Using Babassu Oil (Orbignya sp.) and Tucuman Oil (Astrocaryum vulgar): A Comparative Study between Liquid and Immobilized Forms in Fe3O4 Nanoparticles. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, biodiesel was produced through the enzymatic esterification of vegetable oils from two common Brazilian palm trees: babassu and tucuman. The oils were hydrolyzed by a chemical route and their free fatty acids esterified with ethanol and methanol using the lipase enzyme Eversa® Transform 2.0 in free forms and supported in iron magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) (enzymatic load: 80 UpNPBg−1). These enzymatic reactions were performed at an oil–alcohol molar ratio of 1:1, reaction temperature of 37 °C, agitation at 150 rpm, and reaction times of 2, 4, 6 and 8 h for the reactions catalyzed by the soluble enzyme and 8 h for the reactions using the biocatalyst. The conversions of fatty acids in ethyl and methyl esters obtained were monitored by gas chromatography (CG). The results obtained from ester synthesis using enzyme catalysts in free form were better: babassu 52.6% (methanol) and 57.5% (ethanol), and for tucuman 96.7% (methanol) and 93.4% (ethanol). In the case of immobilized enzymes, the results obtained ranged from 68.7% to 82.2% for babassu and from 32.5% to 86.0% for tucuman, with three cycles of reuse and without significant catalyst loss. Molecular coupling studies revealed the structures of lipase and that linoleic acid bonded near the active site of the enzyme with the best free energy of −6.5 Kcal/mol.
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13
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Ji X, Zhu N, Ma Y, Liu J, Hu Y. Protein C-Terminal Tyrosine Conjugation via Recyclable Immobilized BmTYR. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40532-40539. [PMID: 36385814 PMCID: PMC9647846 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein modification plays an essential role in biological and pharmaceutical research. Due to the ordinary selectivity and inevitable damage to proteins of chemical synthetic methods, increased efforts were focused on biocatalysts which exhibited high regioselectivity and mild reaction conditions. However, separation of the biocatalysts and modified proteins remained a problem, especially when scaling up. Here, we developed a simple method for site-specific protein modification with a recyclable biocatalyst. The immobilizing tyrosinase (BmTYR) on magnetic beads can oxidize C-terminal tyrosine residues of the target protein to o-quinone, followed by the spontaneous addition of different nucleophiles (e.g., aniline derivatives), resulting in a C-terminal modified protein. Compared to the homogeneous biocatalytic system reported before, this heterogeneous system leads to an easier separation. Furthermore, the solid-phase biocatalyst can be regenerated during separation, providing reusability and lower costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Ji
- State
Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nanlin Zhu
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanjie Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Youhong Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Sulman AM, Matveeva VG, Bronstein LM. Cellulase Immobilization on Nanostructured Supports for Biomass Waste Processing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3796. [PMID: 36364572 PMCID: PMC9656580 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanobiocatalysts, i.e., enzymes immobilized on nanostructured supports, received considerable attention because they are potential remedies to overcome shortcomings of traditional biocatalysts, such as low efficiency of mass transfer, instability during catalytic reactions, and possible deactivation. In this short review, we will analyze major aspects of immobilization of cellulase-an enzyme for cellulosic biomass waste processing-on nanostructured supports. Such supports provide high surface areas, increased enzyme loading, and a beneficial environment to enhance cellulase performance and its stability, leading to nanobiocatalysts for obtaining biofuels and value-added chemicals. Here, we will discuss such nanostructured supports as carbon nanotubes, polymer nanoparticles (NPs), nanohydrogels, nanofibers, silica NPs, hierarchical porous materials, magnetic NPs and their nanohybrids, based on publications of the last five years. The use of magnetic NPs is especially favorable due to easy separation and the nanobiocatalyst recovery for a repeated use. This review will discuss methods for cellulase immobilization, morphology of nanostructured supports, multienzyme systems as well as factors influencing the enzyme activity to achieve the highest conversion of cellulosic biowaste into fermentable sugars. We believe this review will allow for an enhanced understanding of such nanobiocatalysts and processes, allowing for the best solutions to major problems of sustainable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrina M. Sulman
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina St., 170026 Tver, Russia
| | - Valentina G. Matveeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina St., 170026 Tver, Russia
- Regional Technological Centre, Tver State University, Zhelyabova St., 33, 170100 Tver, Russia
| | - Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80303, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Bolivar JM, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6251-6290. [PMID: 35838107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- FQPIMA group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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16
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The Chemistry and Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Industrial Enzyme Immobilization Systems. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144529. [PMID: 35889401 PMCID: PMC9320690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic biocatalysis is a sustainable technology. Enzymes are versatile and highly efficient biocatalysts, and have been widely employed due to their biodegradable nature. However, because the three-dimensional structure of these enzymes is predominantly maintained by weaker non-covalent interactions, external conditions, such as temperature and pH variations, as well as the presence of chemical compounds, can modify or even neutralize their biological activity. The enablement of this category of processes is the result of the several advances in the areas of molecular biology and biotechnology achieved over the past two decades. In this scenario, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highlighted as efficient supports for enzyme immobilization. They can be used to ‘house’ a specific enzyme, providing it with protection from environmental influences. This review discusses MOFs as structures; emphasizes their synthesis strategies, properties, and applications; explores the existing methods of using immobilization processes of various enzymes; and lists their possible chemical modifications and combinations with other compounds to formulate the ideal supports for a given application.
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17
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Designing robust nano-biocatalysts using nanomaterials as multifunctional carriers - expanding the application scope of bio-enzymes. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Tan Z, Bilal M, Li X, Ju F, Teng Y, Iqbal HM. Nanomaterial-immobilized lipases for sustainable recovery of biodiesel – A review. FUEL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Rashid SS, Mustafa AH, Rahim MHA, Gunes B. Magnetic nickel nanostructure as cellulase immobilization surface for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1048-1053. [PMID: 35447264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a magnetic reusable nickel nanoparticle (NiNPs) supporting materials were prepared for cellulase enzyme immobilization. The immobilized cellulase showed high activity recovery, large & fast immobilization capacity and improved pH & temperature tolerance. The excellent stability and reusability enabled the immobilized cellulase to retain 84% of its initial activity after ten cycles. At 2 mg/mL enzyme concentration, highest 93% immobilization efficiency was achieved within two hours of immobilization. When the treatment temperature reached 40 °C and pH 5, the immobilized cellulase exhibited highest residual activity. The immobilized cellulase could be separated from the solution by a magnetic force. This study introduced a novel supporting material for cellulase immobilization, and the immobilized cellulase poses a great potential in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass which can used as an easily applicable and sustainable pre-treatment step for advanced biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Samiur Rashid
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Hasnat Mustafa
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hasbi Ab Rahim
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Burcu Gunes
- School of Biotechnology and DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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20
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Xu L, Liu R, Li Z, Li M, Zhao M, Li Y, Hou G, Li A, Suo H. Ionic Liquid Modification Optimizes the Interface between Lipase and Magnetic GO for Enhancing Biocatalysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Renmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Moju Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Guiyue Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Aifeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Hongbo Suo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
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21
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Maleki H, Khoshnevisan K, Baharifar H. Random and Positional Immobilization of Multi-enzyme Systems. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2487:133-150. [PMID: 35687233 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2269-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, three key techniques including random co-immobilization, positional co-immobilization, and compartmentalization for multi-enzyme immobilization were extensively considered. Herein, we investigate random co-immobilization and positional co-immobilization techniques for multi-enzyme systems in detail. We describe randomly co-immobilized glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the most used methods. Materials and methods are presented in terms of preparation of GO and rGO as well as enzyme immobilization procedure. Moreover, the principles of positional co-immobilization have been reviewed, and the relevant methods based on microfluidic systems and DNA structure considering HRP and GOx enzymes have been individually studied. It is believed that the benefits of using the methods associated with random and specifically positional immobilized multi-enzyme systems include not only enhanced cascade enzymatic activity via manipulated surface such as microfluidic systems (including porous materials) and DNA structure but also improved enzyme stability and ease of recovery for recycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Maleki
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamyar Khoshnevisan
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadi Baharifar
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Sankaran R, Markandan K, Khoo KS, Cheng CK, Ashokkumar V, Deepanraj B, Show PL. The Expansion of Lignocellulose Biomass Conversion Into Bioenergy via Nanobiotechnology. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.793528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has arisen as a solution to our energy and environmental challenges because it is rich in feedstock that can be converted to biofuels. Converting lignocellulosic biomass to sugar is a complicated system involved in the bioconversion process. There are indeed a variety of techniques that have been utilized in the bioconversion process consisting of physical, chemical, and biological approaches. However, most of them have drawbacks when used on a large scale, which include the high cost of processing, the development of harmful inhibitors, and the detoxification of the inhibitors that have been produced. These constraints, taken together, hinder the effectiveness of current solutions and demand for the invention of a new, productive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable technique for LB processing. In this context, the approach of nanotechnology utilizing various nanomaterials and nanoparticles in treating lignocellulose biomass and bioenergy conversion has achieved increased interest and has been explored greatly in recent times. This mini review delves into the application of nanotechnological techniques in the bioconversion of lignocellulose biomass into bioenergy. This review on nanotechnological application in biomass conversion provides insights and development tools for the expansion of new sectors, resulting in excellent value and productivity, contributing to the long-term economic progress.
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23
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Paul M, Mohapatra S, Kumar Das Mohapatra P, Thatoi H. Microbial cellulases - An update towards its surface chemistry, genetic engineering and recovery for its biotechnological potential. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125710. [PMID: 34365301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inherent resistance of lignocellulosic biomass makes it impervious for industrially important enzymes such as cellulases to hydrolyze cellulose. Further, the competitive absorption behavior of lignin and hemicellulose for cellulases, due to their electron-rich surfaces augments the inappropriate utilization of these enzymes. Hence, modification of the surface charge of the cellulases to reduce its non-specific binding to lignin and enhance its affinity for cellulose is an urgent necessity. Further, maintaining the stability of cellulases by the preservation of their secondary structures using immobilization techniques will also play an integral role in its industrial production. In silico approaches for increasing the catalytic activity of cellulase enzymes is also significant along with a range of substrate specificity. In addition, enhanced productivity of cellulases by tailoring the related genes through the process of genetic engineering and higher cellulase recovery after saccharification seems to be promising areas for efficient and large-scale enzyme production concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Takatpur, Baripada 757003, Odisha, India
| | - Sonali Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Das Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733134, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India; PAKB Environment Conservation Centre, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733134, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Takatpur, Baripada 757003, Odisha, India.
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24
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Zarei A, Alihosseini F, Parida D, Nazir R, Gaan S. Fabrication of Cellulase Catalysts Immobilized on a Nanoscale Hybrid Polyaniline/Cationic Hydrogel Support for the Highly Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49816-49827. [PMID: 34653337 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel conductive nanohydrogel hybrid support was prepared by in situ polymerization of polyaniline nanorods on an electrospun cationic hydrogel of poly(ε-caprolactone) and a cationic phosphine oxide macromolecule. Subsequently, the cellulase enzyme was immobilized on the hybrid support. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses confirmed a mesoporous, rod-like structure with a slit-like pore geometry for the immobilized support and exhibiting a high immobilization capacity and reduced diffusion resistance of the substrate. For comparison, the catalytic activity, storage stability, and reusability of the immobilized and free enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that the immobilized enzymes have higher thermal stability without changes in the optimal pH (5.5) and temperature (55 °C) for enzyme activity. A high immobilization efficiency (96%) was observed for the immobilized cellulose catalysts after optimization of parameters such as the pH, temperature, incubation time, and protein concentration. The immobilized enzyme retained almost 90% of its original activity after 4 weeks of storage and 73% of its original activity after the ninth reuse cycle. These results strongly suggest that the prepared hybrid support has the potential to be used as a support for protein immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Zarei
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Alihosseini
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Dambarudhar Parida
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Rashid Nazir
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
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25
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Jacob JJ, Suthindhiran K. Efficiency of Immobilized Enzymes on Bacterial Magnetosomes. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821050082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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26
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Immobilization of cellulase on magnetized multiwall carbon nanotubes (m-MWCNTs) synthesized via eco-friendly (water-based) method. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Qamar SA, Qamar M, Bilal M, Bharagava RN, Ferreira LFR, Sher F, Iqbal HMN. Cellulose-deconstruction potential of nano-biocatalytic systems: A strategic drive from designing to sustainable applications of immobilized cellulases. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:1-19. [PMID: 34146557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials along with an added value of polymers-based support carriers have gained high interest and considered ideal for enzyme immobilization. The recently emerged nanoscience interface in the form of nanostructured materials combined with immobilized-enzyme-based bio-catalysis has now become research and development frontiers in advance and applied bio-catalysis engineering. With the involvement of nanoscience, various polymers have been thoroughly developed and exploited to nanostructured engineer constructs as ideal support carriers/matrices. Such nanotechnologically engineered support carriers/matrix possesses unique structural, physicochemical, and functional attributes which equilibrate principal factors and strengthen the biocatalysts efficacy for multipurpose applications. In addition, nano-supported catalysts are potential alternatives that can outstrip several limitations of conventional biocatalysts, such as reduced catalytic efficacy and turnover, low mass transfer efficiency, instability during the reaction, and most importantly, partial, or complete inhibition/deactivation. In this context, engineering robust and highly efficient biocatalysts is an industrially relevant prerequisite. This review comprehensively covered various biopolymers and nanostructured materials, including silica, hybrid nanoflower, nanotubes or nanofibers, nanomembranes, graphene oxide nanoparticles, metal-oxide frameworks, and magnetic nanoparticles as robust matrices for cellulase immobilization. The work is further enriched by spotlighting applied and industrially relevant considerations of nano-immobilized cellulases. For instance, owing to the cellulose-deconstruction features of nano-immobilized cellulases, the applications like lignocellulosic biomass conversion into industrially useful products or biofuels, improved paper sheet density and pulp beat in paper and pulp industry, fruit juice clarification in food industry are evident examples of cellulases, thereof are discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad Ahmad Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahpara Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, U.P., India
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE 49032-490, Brazil; Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Hussain A, Rafeeq H, Qasim M, Jabeen Z, Bilal M, Franco M, Iqbal HMN. Engineered tyrosinases with broadened bio-catalysis scope: immobilization using nanocarriers and applications. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:365. [PMID: 34290948 PMCID: PMC8257883 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is a widely used technology for creating more stable, active, and reusable biocatalysts. The immobilization process also improves the enzyme's operating efficiency in industrial applications. Various support matrices have been designed and developed to enhance the biocatalytic efficiency of immobilized enzymes. Given their unique physicochemical attributes, including substantial surface area, rigidity, semi-conductivity, high enzyme loading, hyper catalytic activity, and size-assisted optical properties, nanomaterials have emerged as fascinating matrices for enzyme immobilization. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing monooxygenase that catalyzes the o-hydroxylation of monophenols to catechols and o-quinones. This enzyme possesses a wide range of uses in the medical, biotechnological, and food sectors. This article summarizes an array of nanostructured materials as carrier matrices for tyrosinase immobilization. Following a detailed background overview, various nanomaterials, as immobilization support matrices, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon dots (CDs), carbon black (CB), nanofibers, Graphene nanocomposite, platinum nanoparticles, nano-sized magnetic particles, lignin nanoparticles, layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles have been discussed. Next, applied perspectives have been spotlights with particular reference to environmental pollutant sensing, phenolic compounds detection, pharmaceutical, and food industry (e.g., cereal processing, dairy processing, and meat processing), along with other miscellaneous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Hussain
- grid.414839.30000 0001 1703 6673Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Rafeeq
- grid.414839.30000 0001 1703 6673Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- grid.411727.60000 0001 2201 6036International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zara Jabeen
- grid.414839.30000 0001 1703 6673Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- grid.417678.b0000 0004 1800 1941School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, 223003 China
| | - Marcelo Franco
- grid.412324.20000 0001 2205 1915Departament of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- grid.419886.a0000 0001 2203 4701Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849 Monterrey, Mexico
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Suo H, Li M, Liu R, Xu L. Enhancing bio-catalytic performance of lipase immobilized on ionic liquids modified magnetic polydopamine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 206:111960. [PMID: 34224932 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, imidazolium-based ionic liquid with [tf2N]- as the anion was successfully grafted to magnetic polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDA). The prepared materials were well characterized and used as supports for lipase immobilization. The immobilized lipase (PPL-ILs-MPDA) exhibited excellent activity and stability. The specific activity of PPL-ILs-MPDA was 2.15 and 1.49 folds higher than that of free PPL and PPL-MPDA. In addition, after 10 rounds of reuse, the residual activity of PPL-ILs-MPDA was 86.2 % higher than that of PPL-MPDA (75.4 %). Furthermore, the kinetic assay indicated that the affinity between PPL-ILs-MPDA and substrate had increased. Analysis of the secondary structure using circular dichroism was used to explain the mechanism underlying the improvement in the performance of PPL-ILs-MPDA. In addition, the immobilized lipase can be easily separated from the reaction system with a magnet. The observations regarding the development of new supports for lipase immobilization may provide new ideas regarding further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Suo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China
| | - Moju Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China
| | - Renmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
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Ozyilmaz E, Alhiali A, Caglar O, Yilmaz M. Preparation of regenerable magnetic nanoparticles for cellulase immobilization: Improvement of enzymatic activity and stability. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 37:e3145. [PMID: 33720529 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To obtain regenerable magnetic nanoparticles, triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane and iminodiacetic acid (IZ) were used as the starting material and immobilized on Fe3 O4 nanoparticles. Copper ions (Cu2+ ions) were loaded on the Fe-IZ nanoparticles and used for cellulase immobilization. The support was characterized by spectroscopic methods (FTIR, NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques. As a result of experiments, the amount of protein bound to immobilized cellulase (Fe-IZ-Cu-E) and cellulase activity was found to be 33.1 mg/g and 154 U/g at pH 5, 50°C, for 3 h. The results indicated that the free cellulase had kept only 50% of its activity after 2 h, while the Fe-IZ-Cu-E was observed to be around 77%, at 60°C. It was found that the immobilized cellulase maintained 93% of its initial catalytic activity after its sixth use. Furthermore, the Fe-IZ-Cu-E retained about 75% of its initial activity after 28 days of storage. To reuse the support material (Fe-IZ-Cu), it was regenerated by thorough washing with ammonia or imidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ozyilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alhiali
- Department of Chemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozge Caglar
- Department of Chemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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de Souza Lima J, Boemo APSI, de Araújo PHH, de Oliveira D. Immobilization of endoglucanase on kaolin by adsorption and covalent bonding. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1627-1637. [PMID: 33686500 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the current research, endoglucanase, one of the enzymes of the cellulolytic complex, was immobilized on kaolin by two different techniques, adsorption, and covalent bonding. A comparative study was conducted between free, adsorbed, and covalently immobilized endoglucanase. For the covalent bonding, the kaolin particles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and activated with glutaraldehyde. Immobilization by adsorption was performed using the kaolin without any treatment. Recovered activities after the endoglucanase immobilization by adsorption and covalent bonding were found to be 60 ± 2.5 and 65 ± 3.5%, respectively. The studies of optima pH and temperature, as well as thermal stability, showed that the catalytic characteristic of the enzyme was maintained after the immobilization by both adsorption and covalent bonding. Even after 8 cycles of use, the endoglucanase immobilized by the two techniques retained about 86% of its initial activity. The results showed that the adsorption was as effective as covalent bonding for the immobilization of endoglucanase on kaolin. However, the adsorption technique seems to have a greater potential for use in future studies, as it is simpler, cheaper, and faster than covalent immobilization. Therefore, in this work it was demonstrated that endoglucanases can be immobilized efficiently on kaolin through a very simple immobilization protocol, offering a promising strategy for performing repeated enzymatic hydrolysis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina de Souza Lima
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Serafini Immich Boemo
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Hermes de Araújo
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Duman YA, Bayer Y. Kinetics and thermodynamics of keratin degradation by partially purified and encapsulated keratinase from Bacillus vallismortis DSM11031. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2021.1876678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonca Avci Duman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye
| | - Yasemin Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye
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Preparation of Chitosan/Magnetic Porous Biochar as Support for Cellulase Immobilization by Using Glutaraldehyde. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112672. [PMID: 33198227 PMCID: PMC7697689 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, porous biochar was obtained from sugarcane bagasse by alkali activation and pyrolysis and then magnetized with γ-Fe2O3 by calcination. After functionalization with chitosan and activation with glutaraldehyde, the as-prepared chitosan/magnetic porous biochar served as a support to immobilize cellulase by covalent bonds. The immobilization amount of cellulase was 80.5 mg cellulase/g support at pH 5 and 25 °C for 12 h of immobilization. To determine the enzymatic properties, 1% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) (dissolved in 0.1 M buffer) was considered as a substrate for hydrolysis at different pH values (3–7) and temperatures (30–70 °C) for 30 min. The results showed that the optimum pH and temperature of the free and immobilized cellulase did not change, which were pH 4 and 60 °C, respectively. The immobilized cellulase had a relatively high activity recovery of 73.0%. However, it also exhibited a higher Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) value and a slower maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) value compared to the free enzyme. In the reusability assay, the immobilized cellulase showed initial glucose productivity of 330.9 mg glucose/g CMC and remained at 86.0% after 10 uses. In conclusion, the chitosan/magnetic porous biochar has great potential applications as a support for enzyme immobilization.
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Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase on Nanomaterials and Investigation of the Enzyme Activity and Enantioselectivity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:430-445. [PMID: 33025565 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study defines the lipase immobilization protocol and enzymatic kinetic resolution of 1-phenyl ethanol with the use of immobilized lipases (LI) as a biocatalyst. Commercially available lipase Candida antarctica B (Cal-B) was immobilized onto graphene oxide (GO), iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, and graphene oxide/iron oxide (GO/Fe3O4) nanocomposites. Characterization of pure and enzyme-loaded supports was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The influences of pH, temperature, immobilization time, crosslinker concentration, glutaraldehyde (GLA), epichlorohydrin (EPH), and surfactant concentrations (Tween 80 and Triton X-100) on the catalytic activity were evaluated for these three immobilized biocatalysts. The highest immobilized enzyme activities were 15.03 U/mg, 14.72 U/mg, and 13.56 U/mg for GO-GLA-CalB, Fe3O4-GLA-CalB, and GO/Fe3O4-GLA-CalB, respectively. Moreover, enantioselectivity and reusability of these immobilized lipases were compared for the kinetic resolution of 1-phenyl ethanol, using toluene as organic solvent and vinyl acetate as acyl donor. The highest values of enantiomeric excess (ees = 99%), enantioselectivity (E = 507.74), and conversion (c = 50.73%) were obtained by using lipase immobilized onto graphene oxide (GO-GLA-CalB). It was obtained that this enzymatic process may be repeated five times without important loss of enantioselectivity.
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Highly Active Ruthenium Catalyst Supported on Magnetically Separable Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10175769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A facile and direct method for synthesizing magnetic periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles from pure organosilane precursors is described. Magnetic ethylene- and phenylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMO NPs) were prepared by nanoemulsification techniques. For fabricating magnetic ethylene- or phenylene-bridged PMO NPs, hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles in an oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion were prepared, followed by a sol–gel condensation of the incorporated bridged organosilane precursor (1,2 bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane or 1,4 bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene), respectively. The resulting materials were characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR analysis, and nitrogen sorption analysis (N2-BET). The magnetic ethylene-bridged PMO NPs were successfully loaded using a ruthenium oxide catalyst by means of sonication and evaporation under mild conditions. The obtained catalytic system, termed Ru@M-Ethylene-PMO NPS, was applied in a reduction reaction of aromatic compounds. It exhibited very high catalytic behavior with easy separation from the reaction medium by applying an external magnetic field.
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Efficient nickel(II) immobilized on EDTA‐modified Fe3O4@SiO2 nanospheres as a novel nanocatalyst for amination of heteroaryl carbamates and sulfamates through the cleavage of C-O bond. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Poorakbar E, Saboury AA, Laame Rad B, Khoshnevisan K. Immobilization of Cellulase onto Core-Shell Magnetic Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized by Aspartic Acid and Determination of its Activity. Protein J 2020; 39:328-336. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-020-09906-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Papadopoulou A, Zarafeta D, Galanopoulou AP, Stamatis H. Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase Immobilized on Magnetic Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanoparticles. Protein J 2020; 38:640-648. [PMID: 31549278 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-019-09869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was immobilized by covalent or non-covalent binding onto magnetic hierarchical porous carbon (MHPC) nanomaterials. The immobilization yield and the enzyme activity were higher when covalent immobilization approach was followed. The covalent immobilization approach leads to higher immobilization yield (up to 96%) and enzyme activity (up to 1.35 U mg-1) compared to the non-covalent cellulase binding. The overall results showed that the thermal, storage and operational stability of the immobilized cellulase was considerably improved compared to the free enzyme. The immobilized cellulose catalyzed the hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose up to 6 consecutive successive reaction cycles, with a total operation time of 144 h at 50 °C. The half-life time of the immobilized enzyme in deep eutectic solvents-based media was up to threefold higher compared to the soluble enzyme. The increased pH and temperature tolerance of the immobilized cellulase, as well as the increased operational stability in aqueous and deep eutectic solvents-based media indicate that the use of MHPCs as immobilization nanosupport could expand the catalytic performance of cellulolytic enzymes in various reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitra Zarafeta
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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Suo H, Xu L, Xue Y, Qiu X, Huang H, Hu Y. Ionic liquids-modified cellulose coated magnetic nanoparticles for enzyme immobilization: Improvement of catalytic performance. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115914. [PMID: 32070532 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, ionic liquids-modified magnetic carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles (IL-MCMC) were prepared and used as supports for enzyme immobilization. The specific activity of immobilized lipase PPL-IL-MCMC was 1.43 and 2.81 folds higher than that of free PPL and PPL-MCMC, respectively. Water contact angle analysis indicated that the introduction of ionic liquids increased the hydrophobicity of supports, which in tune induced the lid-opening of lipase, allowing its active sites to become more accessible. In addition, the affinity between lipase and substrate immobilized on the prepared supports was enhanced. The same method was also applied to analyze immobilize penicillin G acylase (PGA) to further investigate the general applicability of the method. The results showed that the immobilized PGA exhibited higher stability than many other reported PGAs. The developed composites may be utilized as excellent supports for enzyme immobilization in industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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A detailed investigation on interactions between magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with aminated chitosan and a cell model membrane. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 109:110616. [PMID: 32228924 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite nanoparticles are promising materials for application in magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, enzyme immobilization and cancer therapies based on hyperthermia thanks to their biocompatibility, wide chemical affinity and superparamagnetic properties. However, there is still the lack of the knowledge of interactions between magnetite nanoparticles covered with the bioactive polymers and biological cells. In order to fulfil this gap, we have investigated interactions of newly synthetized magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with aminated chitosan (Fe3O4-aminated chitosan) and a model biological membrane made of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) using a Langmuir technique. Surface pressure-mean area per DPPC molecule isotherms and Brewster angle microscope images (BAM) recorded during compression of the two-component Fe3O4-aminated chitosan:DPPC films revealed the strong influence of the Fe3O4-aminated chitosan nanoparticles on the stability, phase state and structure of the phospholipid membrane. The studies on the adsorption/incorporation process of the Fe3O4-aminated chitosan nanoparticles showed that they can adsorb/incorporate into the DPPC model membrane at the surface pressure corresponding to this present in the cellular membrane under the biological conditions (35 mN·m-1). The number of the adsorbed/incorporated Fe3O4-aminated chitosan nanoparticles can be regulated by the nanoparticles concentration in the neighbourhood of the DPPC model membrane even at high surface pressure of 35 mN·m-1.
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Dong RJ, Zheng DF, Yang DJ, Qiu XQ. pH-responsive lignin-based magnetic nanoparticles for recovery of cellulase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122133. [PMID: 31525583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose to produce bioethanol by cellulase is an important method to alleviate the energy crisis. In this paper, in order to overcome the shortcomings of low efficiency, high cost and easy deactivation of cellulase in the process of bio-refinery, pH-responsive lignin-based magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/LSQA) were synthesized to immobilize and recover cellulase. It was shown that a high immobilization ratio of 55.52% for cellulase was obtained. Meanwhile, the desorption ratio was 68.27% by adjusting the pH of the system. After five reusing cycles, the desorbed cellulase retained 31.79% of the relative activity due to the pH responsiveness of Fe3O4/LSQA. These results not only provide a new idea for the recycling of cellulase, but also broaden the application of industrial lignin and increase the extra value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jing Dong
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Feng Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dong-Jie Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qing Qiu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Qi Y, Chen C, Zhao C, Ma Y, Yang W. Layered Co-Immobilization of β-Glucosidase and Cellulase on Polymer Film by Visible-Light-Induced Graft Polymerization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44913-44921. [PMID: 31670943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Exploring a suitable immobilization strategy to improve catalytic efficiency and reusability of cellulase is of great importance to lowering the cost and promoting the industrialization of cellulose-derived bioethanol. In this work, a layered structure with a thin PEG hydrogel as the inner layer and sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) brush as the outer layer was fabricated on low density polyethylene (LDPE) film by visible-light-induced graft polymerization. Two enzymes, β-glucosidase (BG) and cellulase, were separately coimmobilized onto this hierarchical film. As supplementary to cellulase for improving catalytic efficiency, BG was in situ entrapped into the inner PEG hydrogel layer during the graft polymerization from the LDPE surface. After graft polymerization of sodium acrylate on the PEG hydrogel layer was reinitiated, cellulase was covalently attached on the outer PAANa brush layer. Owing to the mild reaction condition (visible-light irradiation and room temperature), the immobilized BG could retain a high activity after the graft polymerization. The immobilization did not alter the optimal pH and temperature of BG or the optimal temperature of cellulase. However, the optimal pH of cellulase shifts to 5.0 after immobilization. Compared with the original activity of single cellulase system and isolated BG/cellulase immobilization system, the dual-enzyme system exhibited 82% and 20% increase in catalytic activity, respectively. The dual-enzyme system could maintain 93% of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) activity after repeating 10 cycles of hydrolysis and 89% of filter paper activity after 6 cycles relative to original activity, exhibiting excellent reusability. This layer coimmobilization system of BG and cellulase on the polymer film displays tremendous potential for practical application in a biorefinery.
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Abraham RE, Puri M. Nano-immobilized cellulases for biomass processing with application in biofuel production. Methods Enzymol 2019; 630:327-346. [PMID: 31931992 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Several researches have focused on the enzymatic pretreatment of lignocellulose biomass to produce fermentable sugars that can lead to ethanol production thus facilitating pathways for sustainable biofuel production. Enzymes are fundamental to the pretreatment process, however, are required in larger quantities during pretreatment process thus influencing biofuel production cost. Immobilization of enzymes to a suitable support/matrix could enhance its stability, and reusability thus containing cost. This chapter focuses on developing an advanced technology for immobilizing enzymes to nanomaterials; variety of nanomaterials used for immobilization, nature of enzyme/protein nanomaterial interactions, methods of enzyme immobilization, and factors affecting mode of interaction for achieving hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and natural cellulosic substrate. The binding of enzyme (94%) to a nanomaterial was established by spectroscopy techniques. The kinetics study, conducted at optimum pH (pH 4) and temperature (50°C for free and 60°C immobilized enzyme), exhibited improvement in immobilized enzyme properties. The immobilized enzyme retained up to 50% of its enzyme activity in five consecutive cycles. This chapter advocates the use of nano-immobilized enzymes in biomass hydrolysis for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinu E Abraham
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Munish Puri
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
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Sarsaiya S, Jain A, Kumar Awasthi S, Duan Y, Kumar Awasthi M, Shi J. Microbial dynamics for lignocellulosic waste bioconversion and its importance with modern circular economy, challenges and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121905. [PMID: 31387838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An extensive use of microbial dynamics for utilizing the lignocellulosic wastes has been attributed to their efficiency in bioenergy and bioproducts development as a cost effective high nutritional value. The integration of lignocellulosic waste into the circular economy can scaleup the sustainable bioproducts and bioenergy development. In this review paper, the aim is to describe the existing research efforts on organic lignocellulosic waste, cellulase producing microbes, their potential enzyme, modern circular economy with associated challenges and future perspectives. Presently, it has been reviewed that microbial cellulases have provided treasure bioproducts visions into industrial bioproducts marvels unveiled through lignocellulosic waste cutting-edge microbial explorations. Furthermore, the review focused on new insights of the growing circular economy of lignocellulosic waste used for many bioproducts and bioenergy dealings and explored the emergent lignocellulosic biorefinery approaches which could then be applied to review industrial-scale sustainable economic models for upgraded bioproducts and other production associated problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Archana Jain
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumin Duan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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Tamaddon F, Arab D, Ahmadi-AhmadAbadi E. Urease immobilization on magnetic micro/nano-cellulose dialdehydes: Urease inhibitory of Biginelli product in Hantzsch reaction by urea. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115471. [PMID: 31826427 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nano celluloses (MC)/NC) were magnetized by nanoγ-Fe2O3 into the nanoγ-Fe2O3@MC (NMMC) and nanoγ-Fe2O3@NC (NMMC) which oxidized to NMMCD and NMNCD dialdehydes for Schiff-base immobilization of urease as NMMCD/urease and NMMCD/urease. The relative enzyme-activity of the immobilized ureases were comparable with the free-urease, although 75%-80% of the enzyme activity preserved for NMMCD/urease and NMNCD/urease after six cycles. The compared catalytic activities of the NMMCD/urease and NMMCD/urease in Biginelli/Hantzsch reactions in water at 60 °C surprised us by 100% selectivity for the Biginelli product 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (DHPM1). With the superiority of NMNCD/urease, this high selectivity using immobilized ureases is owing to the admirable urease inhibitory of the formed Biginelli product DHPM1 by urea condensation instead of urea hydrolysis. The robust enzyme inhibitory of the DHPM1 for free urease was also confirmed by phenol red test to show the deactivation of enzyme for enzymatic hydrolysis of urea and ammonia production in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Tamaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Iran.
| | - Davood Arab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Iran.
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Enhanced catalytic performance of lipase covalently bonded on ionic liquids modified magnetic alginate composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:494-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Feng Y, Zhong L, Hou Y, Jia S, Cui J. Acid-resistant enzyme@MOF nanocomposites with mesoporous silica shells for enzymatic applications in acidic environments. J Biotechnol 2019; 306:54-61. [PMID: 31550490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) with tunable pore sizes and high surface areas have recently used as an effective support for immobilizing enzymes. However, the instability in the aqueous acidic environment has limited their practical applications in some cases. In this work, we develop a novel catalase/ZIFs composite with mesoporous silica shell (mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs) via co-precipitation, and controlled self-assembly of silanes. During preparation, the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide induced the formation of the mesostructured silica layer on the outer surface of CAT/ZIFs. The resultant mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs exhibited high activity recovery (92%). Compared with the conventional CAT/ZIFs and free CAT, mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs exhibited excellent acid resistance. For example, after 30 min in acetate buffer solution (pH 3.0), the CAT/ZIFs and free CAT almost lost activity whereas the mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs still retained 35% of original activity. Meanwhile, the thermostability of the mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs was enhanced significantly compared with conventional CAT/ZIFs. In addition, the mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs displayed excellent storage stability, and retained 60% of its initial activity after 15 days storage period. Furthermore, the mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs could maintain 70% of its initial activity after 8 continuous uses, demonstrating superior reusability than the free CAT and CAT/ZIFs. These results demonstrated that the mSiO2@CAT/ZIFs are potential for practical applications even in the acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Le Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Shiru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Jiandong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
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Carli S, Carneiro LABDC, Ward RJ, Meleiro LP. Immobilization of a β-glucosidase and an endoglucanase in ferromagnetic nanoparticles: A study of synergistic effects. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 160:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Biomimetic Mineralization of Cytochrome c Improves the Catalytic Efficiency and Confers a Functional Multi-Enzyme Composite. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9080648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The encapsulated enzyme system by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibits great potential in biofuel cells, pharmaceuticals, and biocatalysis. However, the catalytic efficiency and the enzymatic activity are severely hampered due to enzyme leaching and deficiency of storage stability. In this study, we immobilized cytochrome c (Cyt c) into dimethylimidazole-copper (Cu(Im)2) by biomimetic mineralization, and constructed a bioinorganic hybrid material, termed Cyt c@Cu(Im)2. Encapsulated Cyt c in Cu(Im)2 with a nanosheet structure exhibited significantly improved catalytic efficiency, enzymatic activity and kinetic performance. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) for Cyt c@Cu(Im)2 was ~20-fold higher compared to that of free Cyt c. Moreover, the increased activity was not affected by long-term storage. Based on this system, we further constructed a multi-enzyme composite with glucose-oxidase (GOx), termed GOx-Cyt c@Cu(Im)2, which exhibited greatly improved enzymatic activity, stability, and excellent selectivity for the detection of low concentrations of glucose. This strategy may provide new insights into the design of enzymes with high activity and stability, as well as the construction of multi-enzyme systems.
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Abdollahi K, Yazdani F, Panahi R. Fabrication of the robust and recyclable tyrosinase-harboring biocatalyst using ethylenediamine functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles: nanocarrier characterization and immobilized enzyme properties. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:943-959. [PMID: 31359184 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized tyrosinase onto the functionalized nanoparticles with the ability to be reused easily in different reaction cycles to degrade phenolic compounds is known as a substantial challenge, which can be overcome through surface modification of the particles via proper chemical groups. Herein, the synthesis and silica coating of superparamagnetic nanoparticles using a simple procedure as well as their potential for tyrosinase immobilization were demonstrated. Therefore, N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine was used to functionalize the silica-coated nanoparticles with amine groups. Then, the ethylenediamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (EMNPs) were suspended in a solution containing tetrahydrofuran and cyanuric chloride (as an activating agent) to modify nanocarriers. To immobilize enzyme, a mixture of tyrosinase and cyanuric chloride functionalized magnetic nanoparticle (Cyc/EMNPs) was shaken at room temperature. The particles were characterized by EDX, TGA, SEM, FTIR, and TEM. As a result, the successful functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticles and covalent attachment of tyrosinase onto the Cyc/EMNPs were confirmed. The fabricated nano-biocatalyst particles were semi-spherical in shape. The immobilized tyrosinase (Ty-Cyc/EMNPs) exhibited remarkable reusability of six consecutive reaction cycles while no considerable loss of activity was observed for the first three cycles. Moreover, the excellent stability of the biocatalyst at different temperatures and pHs was proved. The Ty-Cyc/EMNPs with interesting features are promising for practical applications in biosensor development and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Abdollahi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.,School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Farshad Yazdani
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Panahi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
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