1
|
Li X, Xu B, Shen P, Cheng H, Fan Y, Gao Q. Regulation and Response Mechanism of Acute Low-Salinity Stress during Larval Stages in Macrobrachium rosenbergii Based on Multi-Omics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6809. [PMID: 38928514 PMCID: PMC11203951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an essential species for freshwater economic aquaculture in China, but in the larval process, their salinity requirement is high, which leads to salinity stress in the water. In order to elucidate the mechanisms regulating the response of M. rosenbergii to acute low-salinity exposure, we conducted a comprehensive study of the response of M. rosenbergii exposed to different salinities' (0‱, 6‱, and 12‱) data for 120 h. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were found to be significantly inhibited in the hepatopancreas and muscle following low-salinity exposure, resulting in oxidative damage and immune deficits in M. rosenbergii. Differential gene enrichment in transcriptomics indicated that low-salinity stress induced metabolic differences and immune and inflammatory dysfunction in M. rosenbergii. The differential expressions of MIH, JHEH, and EcR genes indicated the inhibition of growth, development, and molting ability of M. rosenbergii. At the proteomic level, low salinity induced metabolic differences and affected biological and cellular regulation, as well as the immune response. Tyramine, trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediol, sorbitol, acetylcholine chloride, and chloroquine were screened by metabolomics as differential metabolic markers. In addition, combined multi-omics analysis revealed that metabolite chloroquine was highly correlated with low-salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Gao
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313000, China; (X.L.); (B.X.); (P.S.); (H.C.); (Y.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Terry D, Schweibenz C, Moberg K. Local Ecdysone synthesis in a wounded epithelium sustains developmental delay and promotes regeneration in Drosophila. Development 2024; 151:dev202828. [PMID: 38775023 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Regenerative ability often declines as animals mature past embryonic and juvenile stages, suggesting that regeneration requires redirection of growth pathways that promote developmental growth. Intriguingly, the Drosophila larval epithelia require the hormone ecdysone (Ec) for growth but require a drop in circulating Ec levels to regenerate. Examining Ec dynamics more closely, we find that transcriptional activity of the Ec-receptor (EcR) drops in uninjured regions of wing discs, but simultaneously rises in cells around the injury-induced blastema. In parallel, blastema depletion of genes encoding Ec biosynthesis enzymes blocks EcR activity and impairs regeneration but has no effect on uninjured wings. We find that local Ec/EcR signaling is required for injury-induced pupariation delay following injury and that key regeneration regulators upd3 and Ets21c respond to Ec levels. Collectively, these data indicate that injury induces a local source of Ec within the wing blastema that sustains a transcriptional signature necessary for developmental delay and tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Terry
- Graduate Programs in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Colby Schweibenz
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kenneth Moberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Musgrove L, Russell FD, Ventura T. Considerations for cultivated crustacean meat: potential cell sources, potential differentiation and immortalization strategies, and lessons from crustacean and other animal models. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38733287 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2342480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated crustacean meat (CCM) is a means to create highly valued shrimp, lobster, and crab products directly from stem cells, thus removing the need to farm or fish live animals. Conventional crustacean enterprises face increasing pressures in managing overfishing, pollution, and the warming climate, so CCM may provide a way to ensure sufficient supply as global demand for these products grows. To support the development of CCM, this review briefly details crustacean cell culture work to date, before addressing what is presently known about crustacean muscle development, particularly the molecular mechanisms involved, and how this might relate to recent work on cultivated meat production in vertebrate species. Recognizing the current lack of cell lines available to establish CCM cultures, we also consider primary stem cell sources that can be obtained non-lethally including tissues from limbs which are readily released and regrown, and putative stem cells in circulating hemolymph. Molecular approaches to inducing myogenic differentiation and immortalization of putative stem cells are also reviewed. Finally, we assess the current status of tools available to CCM researchers, particularly antibodies, and propose avenues to address existing shortfalls in order to see the field progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Musgrove
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Fraser D Russell
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Tomer Ventura
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Farhadi A, Xue L, Zhao Q, Han F, Xu C, Chen H, Li E. Identification of key genes and molecular pathways associated with claw regeneration in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101184. [PMID: 38154166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) possesses extensive regenerative abilities, enabling it to replace missing body parts, including claws, legs, and even eyes. Studying the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying regenerative ability in diverse animal phyla has the potential to provide new insights into regenerative medicine in humans. In the present study, we performed mRNA sequencing to reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying the claw regeneration in mud crab. Several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were expressed in biological pathways associated with cuticle synthase, collagen synthase, tissue regeneration, blastema formation, wound healing, cell cycle, cell division, and cell migration. The top GO enrichment terms were microtubule-based process, collagen trimer, cell cycle process, and extracellular matrix structural constituent. The most enriched KEGG pathways were ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion. The genes encoding key functional proteins, such as collagen alpha, cuticle protein, early cuticle protein, arthrodial cuticle protein, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1), and DNA replication licensing factor mcm2-like (MCM2) were the most significant and important DEGs suspected to participate in claw regeneration. The findings of this research offer a comprehensive and insightful understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying claw regeneration in S. paramamosain. By elucidating the specific genes and molecular pathways implicated in this process, our study contributes significantly to the broader field of regenerative biology and offers potential avenues for further exploration in crustacean limb regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Farhadi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Laizhong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Fenglu Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Terry D, Schweibenz C, Moberg K. Local ecdysone synthesis in a wounded epithelium sustains developmental delay and promotes regeneration in Drosophila. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.25.581888. [PMID: 38464192 PMCID: PMC10925115 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.25.581888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Regenerative ability often declines as animals mature past embryonic and juvenile stages, suggesting that regeneration requires redirection of growth pathways that promote developmental growth. Intriguingly, the Drosophila larval epithelia require the hormone ecdysone (Ec) for growth but require a drop in circulating Ec levels to regenerate. Examining Ec dynamics more closely, we find that transcriptional activity of the Ec-receptor (EcR) drops in uninjured regions of wing discs, but simultaneously rises in cells around the injury-induced blastema. In parallel, blastema depletion of genes encoding Ec biosynthesis enzymes blocks EcR activity and impairs regeneration but has no effect on uninjured wings. We find that local Ec/EcR signaling is required for injury-induced pupariation delay following injury and that key regeneration regulators upd3 and Ets21c respond to Ec levels. Collectively, these data indicate that injury induces a local source of Ec within the wing blastema that sustains a transcriptional signature necessary for developmental delay and tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Terry
- Graduate Programs in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Colby Schweibenz
- Graduate Programs in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Kenneth Moberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Li X, Fu S, Meng Y, Lv X, Zhang X, Liu G, Sun J. Adaptation of Glucose Metabolism to Limb Autotomy and Regeneration in the Chinese Mitten Crab. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:205-213. [PMID: 38227174 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Limb autotomy and regeneration represent distinctive responses of crustaceans to environmental stress. Glucose metabolism plays a pivotal role in energy generation for tissue development and regeneration across various species. However, the relationship between glucose metabolism and tissue regeneration in crustaceans remains elusive. Therefore, this study is aimed at analyzing the alterations of glucose metabolic profile during limb autotomy and regeneration in Eriocheir sinensis, while also evaluating the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on limb regeneration. The results demonstrated that limb autotomy triggered a metabolic profile adaption at the early stage of regeneration. Hemolymph glucose levels were elevated, and multiple glucose catabolic pathways were enhanced in the hepatopancreas. Additionally, glucose and ATP levels in the regenerative limb were upregulated, along with increased expression of glucose transporters. Furthermore, the gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis were repressed in the hepatopancreas. These findings indicate that limb regeneration triggers metabolic profile adaptations to meet the elevated energy requirements. Moreover, the study observed that supplementation with corn starch enhanced limb regeneration capacity by promoting wound healing and blastema growth. Interestingly, dietary carbohydrate addition influenced limb regeneration by stimulating gluconeogenesis rather than glycolysis in the regenerative limb. Thus, these results underscore the adaptation of glucose metabolism during limb autotomy and regeneration, highlighting its essential role in the limb regeneration process of E. sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Simiao Fu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yuxuan Meng
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guozheng Liu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cai P, Zhang W, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Qiao H, Yuan H, Gao Z, Zhou Y, Jin S, Fu H. Role of Mn-LIPA in Sex Hormone Regulation and Gonadal Development in the Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1399. [PMID: 38338678 PMCID: PMC10855233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role of lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA) in sex hormone regulation and gonadal development in Macrobrachium nipponense. The full-length Mn-LIPA cDNA was cloned, and its expression patterns were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in various tissues and developmental stages. Higher expression levels were observed in the hepatopancreas, cerebral ganglion, and testes, indicating the potential involvement of Mn-LIPA in sex differentiation and gonadal development. In situ hybridization experiments revealed strong Mn-LIPA signaling in the spermatheca and hepatopancreas, suggesting their potential role in steroid synthesis (such as cholesterol, fatty acids, cholesteryl ester, and triglycerides) and sperm maturation. Increased expression levels of male-specific genes, such as insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (IAG), sperm gelatinase (SG), and mab-3-related transcription factor (Dmrt11E), were observed after dsMn-LIPA (double-stranded LIPA) injection, and significant inhibition of sperm development and maturation was observed histologically. Additionally, the relationship between Mn-LIPA and sex-related genes (IAG, SG, and Dmrt11E) and hormones (17β-estradiol and 17α-methyltestosterone) was explored by administering sex hormones to male prawns, indicating that Mn-LIPA does not directly control the production of sex hormones but rather utilizes the property of hydrolyzing triglycerides and cholesterol to provide energy while influencing the synthesis and secretion of self-sex hormones. These findings provide valuable insights into the function of Mn-LIPA in M. nipponense and its potential implications for understanding sex differentiation and gonadal development in crustaceans. It provides an important theoretical basis for the realization of a monosex culture of M. nipponense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Cai
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| | - Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zijian Gao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongkang Zhou
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shubo Jin
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.C.); (H.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.Z.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Zuo J, Lv X, Ma J, Li X, Fu S, Sun J. Hedgehog signaling is essential in the regulation of limb regeneration in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108981. [PMID: 37543149 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue autotomy is a unique adaptive response to environmental stress, followed by regeneration process compensating for the loss of body parts. The crustaceans present remarkable activity of appendage autotomy and regeneration, however, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the Eriocheir sinensis Hedgehog (EsHH) and Smoothened (EsSMO) were identified in the regenerative limbs, and the function of Hedgehog signaling pathway on limb regeneration was evaluated. At the blastema growth stage of limb regeneration, the expression of EsHH and EsSMO was up-regulated in response to limb autotomy stress, and down-regulated at blastema differentiation stage. To clarify the effect of Hedgehog pathway during limb regeneration, the regenerative efficiency was evaluated with Smoothened inhibitor cyclopamine or RNAi (ds-HH) injection. We observed that the regenerative efficiency was significantly repressed with blockage of Hedgehog pathway at both the basal growth stage and the proecdysial growth stage, which was indicated by the delay of wound healing and blastema growth, as well as a decrease in the size of newly formed limbs. In addition, gene expression and BrdU incorporation assay showed that the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of blastema cells were suppressed with either cyclopamine or ds-HH injection. Thus, these results suggest that Hedgehog signaling pathway is essential for the establishment of limb regeneration in E. sinensis through promoting the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of blastema cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China.
| | - Jinmei Zuo
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jiahe Ma
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Simiao Fu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li C, Chen Y, Huang L, Zhang Y, Cao N, Guo X, Yao C, Li X, Duan L, Pang S. Potential toxicity and dietary risk of tricyclazole to Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in the rice-crab co-culture model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120514. [PMID: 36309304 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tricyclazole is used as a common fungicide to control rice blast. However, studies on the toxicity of tricyclazole to crabs in the rice-crab co-culture system are still extremely rare. Here, the environmental dissipation of tricyclazole was monitored in this model, and the potential toxicity of tricyclazole to E. sinensis at environmental concentrations as well as the dietary risk was evaluated. The results showed that tricyclazole had no significant acute toxicity to E. sinensis (LC50 > 100 mg/L), while it promoted body weight gain. Tricyclazole in the hepatopancreas had a higher persistent bioaccumulation risk than in the muscle. Tricyclazole suppressed the immune response of E. sinensis under prolonged exposure and there should be gender differences, with females being more sensitive. Lipid metabolism enzymes were also significantly inhibited. While tricyclazole stimulated males molting but prolonged molting duration, both molting and duration of females were also disturbed. The dietary risk assessment indicated that tricyclazole intake from current crab consumption was low risk. This evidence demonstrated that tricyclazole may have potential risks to individual development, nutritional quality, and economic value on E. sinensis and should be used with caution in rice-crab co-culture system whenever possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Niannian Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanjun Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlian Yao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li C, Huang L, Zhang Y, Guo X, Cao N, Yao C, Duan L, Li X, Pang S. Effects of triazole plant growth regulators on molting mechanism in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:646-653. [PMID: 36330873 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice crab co-culture is a new integrated farming model in China. The application of triazole plant growth regulators (PRGs) is often used as an advantageous option to combat rice lodging. However, there is still a gap regarding the toxicity of these PRGs on the growth and development of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis, E. sinensis). Here the effect of triazoles (paclobutrazol and uniconazole) on the molting mechanism of E. sinensis was investigated. Monitoring of regulatory genes associated with molting showed that the two PRGs were found to inhibit the expression of ecdysteroid hormone (EH), ecdysteroid receptors gene (EcR), and retinoid X receptors gene (RXR) and induce secretion of molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) gene. In addition, the activities of chitinase (CHIA) and N-acetyl-β-d-aminoglucosidase (β-NAGase) were also inhibited by exposure to PRGs. Exposure to PRGs also elevated the mRNA expression of the growth-related myostatin gene (MSTN). These results revealed that there is a long-term risk of exposure to triazoles PRGs that may inhibit molting and affect normal development and immune system of E. sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanjun Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Niannian Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlian Yao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang C, Shan B, Liu Y, Wang L, Liu M, Yao T, Sun D. Transcriptomic analysis of male three-spot swimming crab (Portunus sanguinolentus) infected with the parasitic barnacle Diplothylacus sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:260-268. [PMID: 35934240 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diplothylacus sinensis is reported as an intriguing parasitic barnacle that can negatively affect the growth, molting, reproduction in several commercially important portunid crabs. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of host-parasite interactions, we characterized the gene expression profiles from the healthy and D. sinensis infected Portunus sanguinolentus by high-through sequence method. Totally, the transcriptomic analysis generated 52, 266, 600 and 51, 629, 604 high quality reads from the infected and control groups, respectively. The clean reads were assembled to 90,740 and 69,314 unigenes, with the average length of 760 bp and 709 bp, respectively. The expression analysis showed that 18,959 genes were significantly changed by the parasitism of D. sinensis, including 4769 activated genes and 14,190 suppressed genes. The differentially expressed genes were categorized into 258 KEGG pathways and 647 GO terms. The GO analysis mapped 13 DEGs related to immune system process and 32 DEGs related to immune response, respectively, suggesting a potential alteration of transcriptional expression patterns in complement cascades of P. sanguinolentus. Additionally, 4 representative molting-related genes were down-regulated in parasitized group, indicating D. sinensis infection appeared to suppress the producing of ecdysteroid hormones. In conclusion, the present study improves our understanding on parasite-host interaction mechanisms, which focuses the function of Ecdysone receptor, Toll-like receptor and cytokine receptor of crustacean crabs infestation with rhizocephalan parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changping Yang
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Binbin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Liangming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Manting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Tuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Dianrong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Tian Y, Li X, Zuo J, Zhao R, Sun J. Insulin-like signaling promotes limb regeneration in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:268-275. [PMID: 35134516 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the pond culture of Chinese mitten crabs, limb autotomy seriously affects the feeding efficiency, immunity and survival. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanism of limb regeneration of mitten crabs, so that culture strategies could be developed to reduce the limb impairment rate. The insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway is evolutionarily conserved, and plays key roles in the growth and immunity of various species. In this study, a full-length cDNA of insulin-like receptor (EsInR) was identified from Eriocheir sinensis, and its mRNA expression patterns during limb regeneration was evaluated. The cDNA of EsInR includes a 4326 bp ORF encoding a protein of 1441 amino acids, with conserved α-and β-subunits. The EsInR and genes related to ILS were found to be upregulated during limb regeneration, which indicated that ILS plays a key role in limb regeneration of E. sinensis. Our experiment revealed that inhibition of ILS through injection of the InR inhibitor GSK1838705A at the blastema formation stage significantly reduced the limb regeneration rate compared to control group. In addition, injection of GSK1838705A also reduced the size of newly formed limbs after the molting cycle. Furthermore, we found that genes related to myogenesis were downregulated following injection of InR inhibitor both before and after molting. The results also indicated that cyclins and CDK1 were downregulated, while CKIs were upregulated following treatment with the InR inhibitor. These results suggest that ILS regulates limb regeneration in E. sinensis by promoting muscle growth and regeneration in response to autotomy stress. Thus, we identified a conserved insulin-like receptor in E. sinensis, and provide new evidence for the involvement of ILS in the regulation of limb autotomy and regeneration in crustaceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Yuxin Tian
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jinmei Zuo
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Ruihao Zhao
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ecdysone exerts biphasic control of regenerative signaling, coordinating the completion of regeneration with developmental progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2115017119. [PMID: 35086929 PMCID: PMC8812538 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115017119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster, loss of regenerative capacity in wing imaginal discs coincides with an increase in systemic levels of the steroid hormone ecdysone, a key coordinator of their developmental progression. Regenerating discs release the relaxin hormone Dilp8 (Drosophila insulin-like peptide 8) to limit ecdysone synthesis and extend the regenerative period. Here, we describe how regenerating tissues produce a biphasic response to ecdysone levels: lower concentrations of ecdysone promote local and systemic regenerative signaling, whereas higher concentrations suppress regeneration through the expression of broad splice isoforms. Ecdysone also promotes the expression of wingless during both regeneration and normal development through a distinct regulatory pathway. This dual role for ecdysone explains how regeneration can still be completed successfully in dilp8- mutant larvae: higher ecdysone levels increase the regenerative activity of tissues, allowing regeneration to reach completion in a shorter time. From these observations, we propose that ecdysone hormone signaling functions to coordinate regeneration with developmental progression.
Collapse
|
14
|
Vogt G. Cytology, function and dynamics of stem and progenitor cells in decapod crustaceans. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:817-850. [PMID: 34914163 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells play key roles in development, tissue homeostasis, regeneration, ageing and diseases. Comprehensive reviews on stem cells are available for the determinately growing mammals and insects and some lower invertebrates like hydra but are rare for larger, indeterminately growing invertebrates that can live for many decades. This paper reviews the cytology, function and dynamics of stem and progenitor cells in the decapod crustaceans, a species-rich and ecologically and economically important animal group that includes mainly indeterminate growers but also some determinate growers. Further advantages of decapods for stem cell research are almost 1000-fold differences in body size and longevity, the regeneration of damaged appendages and the virtual absence of age-related diseases and tumours in the indeterminately growing species. The available data demonstrate that the Decapoda possess a remarkable variety of structurally and functionally different stem cells in embryos and larvae, and in the epidermis, musculature, haematopoietic tissue, heart, brain, hepatopancreas, olfactory sense organs and gonads of adults. Some of these seem to be rather continuously active over a lifetime but others are cyclically activated and silenced in periods of days, weeks and years, depending on the specific organ and function. Stem cell proliferation is triggered by signals related to development, moulting, feeding, reproduction, injury, infection, environmental enrichment and social status. Some regulatory pathways have already been identified, including the evolutionarily conserved GATA-binding and runt-domain transcription factors, the widespread neurotransmitter serotonin, the arthropod-specific hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone and the novel astakine growth factors. Knowledge of stem cells in decapods primarily refines our picture on the development, growth and maintenance of tissues and organs in this animal group. Cultured decapod stem cells have good potential for toxicity testing and virus research with practical relevance for aquaculture. Knowledge of stem cells in decapods also broadens our understanding of the evolution of stem cells and regeneration in the animal kingdom. The stem cells of long-lived, indeterminately growing decapods may hold the key to understanding how stem and progenitor cells function into old age without adverse side effects, possibly evoking new ideas for the development of anti-ageing and anti-cancer treatments in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günter Vogt
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sasidharan V, Sánchez Alvarado A. The Diverse Manifestations of Regeneration and Why We Need to Study Them. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 14:a040931. [PMID: 34750171 PMCID: PMC9438785 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
For hundreds of years, the question of why some organisms can regenerate missing body parts while others cannot has remained poorly understood. This has been due in great part to the inability to genetically, molecularly, and cellularly dissect this problem for most of the history of the field. It has only been in the past 20-30 years that important mechanistic advances have been made in methodologies that introduce loss and gain of gene function in animals that can regenerate. However, we still have a very incomplete understanding of how broadly regenerative abilities may be dispersed across species and whether or not such properties share a common evolutionary origin, which may have emerged independently or both. Understanding regeneration, therefore, will require rigorously practiced fundamental, curiosity-driven, discovery research. Expanding the number of research organisms used to study regeneration allows us to uncover aspects of this problem we may not yet know exist and simultaneously increases our chances of solving this long-standing problem of biology.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan H, Qiao H, Fu Y, Fu H, Zhang W, Jin S, Gong Y, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Hu Y, Wu Y. RNA interference shows that Spook, the precursor gene of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), regulates the molting of Macrobrachium nipponense. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 213:105976. [PMID: 34418528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the function of the Mn-Spook gene, which was found in the ovary transcriptome of the Oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). The Spook gene, which is the precursor gene of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), plays an important role in the process of molting in many arthropods, but its function in M. nipponense is unclear. We cloned the full-length Mn-Spook gene from the ovary of M. nipponense and found that it had the same conserved domains as the P450 gene of the Halloween family of genes. The Mn-Spook gene was highly expressed in ovary and gill tissue during the breeding period. During ovarian development, Mn-spook gene expression was highest at the nearly-ripe stage, and it also was highly expressed in the zoea developmental stage. Cellular localization analysis showed that Mn-Spook signals accumulated in the cytoplasmic membrane and nucleus of oocytes. Finally, we used RNA interference to evaluate the function of the Mn-Spook gene. Compared with the control group, in vivo injection of Mn-Spook dsRNA effectively downregulated the expression of Mn-Spook and the content of 20E. The molting frequency of M. nipponense in the experimental group also was significantly inhibited. These results demonstrated that the Mn-Spook gene played an important role in the molting process of M. nipponense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yin Fu
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yuning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Feleke M, Bennett S, Chen J, Chandler D, Hu X, Xu J. Biological insights into the rapid tissue regeneration of freshwater crayfish and crustaceans. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:740-753. [PMID: 34165197 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater crayfish is capable of regenerating limbs, following autotomy, injury and predation. In arthropod species, regeneration and moulting are two processes linked and strongly regulated by ecdysone. The regeneration of crayfish limbs is divided into wound healing, blastema formation, cellular reprogramming and tissue patterning. Limb blastema cells undergo proliferation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. A limb bud, containing folded segments of the regenerating limb, is encased within a cuticular sheath. The functional limb regenerates, in proecdysis, in two to three consecutive moults. Rapid tissue growth is regulated by hormones, limb nerves and local cells. The TGF-β/activin signalling pathway has been determined in the crayfish, P. fallax f. virginalis, and is suggested as a potential regulator of tissue regeneration. In this review article, we discuss current understanding of tissue regeneration in the crayfish and various crustaceans. A thorough understanding of the cellular, genetic and molecular pathways of these biological processes is promising for the development of therapeutic applications for a wide array of diseases in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mesalie Feleke
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jiazhi Chen
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - David Chandler
- Australian Genome Research Facility, Medical Research Foundation, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The FTZ-F1 gene encodes two functionally distinct nuclear receptor isoforms in the ectoparasitic copepod salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251575. [PMID: 34014986 PMCID: PMC8136749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is an ectoparasitic crustacean that annually inflicts substantial losses to the aquaculture industry in the northern hemisphere and poses a threat to the wild populations of salmonids. The salmon louse life cycle consists of eight developmental stages each separated by a molt. Fushi Tarazu Factor-1 (FTZ-F1) is an ecdysteroid-regulated gene that encodes a member of the NR5A family of nuclear receptors that is shown to play a crucial regulatory role in molting in insects and nematodes. Characterization of an FTZ-F1 orthologue in the salmon louse gave two isoforms named αFTZ-F1 and βFTZ-F1, which are identical except for the presence of a unique N-terminal domain (A/B domain). A comparison suggest conservation of the FTZ-F1 gene structure among ecdysozoans, with the exception of nematodes, to produce isoforms with unique N-terminal domains through alternative transcription start and splicing. The two isoforms of the salmon louse FTZ-F1 were expressed in different amounts in the same tissues and showed a distinct cyclical expression pattern through the molting cycle with βFTZ-F1 being the highest expressed isoform. While RNA interference knockdown of βFTZ-F1 in nauplius larvae and in pre-adult males lead to molting arrest, knockdown of βFTZ-F1 in pre-adult II female lice caused disruption of oocyte maturation at the vitellogenic stage. No apparent phenotype could be observed in αFTZ-F1 knockdown larvae, or in their development to adults, and no genes were found to be differentially expressed in the nauplii larvae following αFTZ-F1 knockdown. βFTZ-F1 knockdown in nauplii larvae caused both down and upregulation of genes associated with proteolysis and chitin binding and affected a large number of genes which are in normal salmon louse development expressed in a cyclical pattern. This is the first description of FTZ-F1 gene function in copepod crustaceans and provides a foundation to expand the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of molting in the salmon louse and other copepods.
Collapse
|
19
|
A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:21. [PMID: 33795702 PMCID: PMC8016993 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration is an elegant and complex process informed by both local and long-range signals. Many current studies on regeneration are largely limited to investigations of local modulators within a canonical cohort of model organisms. Enhanced genetic tools increasingly enable precise temporal and spatial perturbations within these model regenerators, and these have primarily been applied to cells within the local injury site. Meanwhile, many aspects of broader spatial regulators of regeneration have not yet been examined with the same level of scrutiny. Recent studies have shed important insight into the significant effects of environmental cues and circulating factors on the regenerative process. These observations highlight that consideration of more systemic and possibly more broadly acting cues will also be critical to fully understand complex tissue regeneration. In this review, we explore the ways in which systemic cues and circulating factors affect the initiation of regeneration, the regenerative process, and its outcome. As this is a broad topic, we conceptually divide the factors based on their initial input as either external cues (for example, starvation and light/dark cycle) or internal cues (for example, hormones); however, all of these inputs ultimately lead to internal responses. We consider studies performed in a diverse set of organisms, including vertebrates and invertebrates. Through analysis of systemic mediators of regeneration, we argue that increased investigation of these "systemic factors" could reveal novel insights that may pave the way for a diverse set of therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
|
20
|
Su Y, Guo Q, Gong J, Cheng Y, Wu X. Functional expression patterns of four ecdysteroid receptor isoforms indicate their different functions during vitellogenesis of Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 248:110754. [PMID: 32649982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In arthropods, alternative splicing of ecdysteroid receptor gene (EcR) leads to multiple functions of different EcR isoforms during metamorphosis, growth and ovarian development via ecdysteroid signaling pathway. This study was conducted to investigate the expression patterns of four EcRs of Eriocheir sinensis (EsEcRs) and the changes of haemolymph ecdysteroid titer during the ovarian development. The results showed that four EsEcR isoforms had the tissue-specific expression among 12 examined tissues, and the highest transcript levels of the four EsEcR isoforms were detected in Y-organ or sinus gland. During the ovarian development, EsEcR1 showed the highest transcript abundance of the four EsEcR isoforms. The expression profiles of all the EsEcR isoforms were similar in the hepatopancreas during the ovarian maturation cycle of E. sinensis with a trend of "high-low-high-low". In ovary, the highest expression levels of EsEcR1 and EsEcR4 were both found at stage V ovary, while the peaks of EsEcR2 and EsEcR3 were found on stage III ovary and stage IV ovary, respectively. Meanwhile, the ecdysteroid titer in haemolymph decreased gradually during ovarian maturation cycle. Further regression analysis revealed significant negative correlations were found between the ovarian EsEcR3/ EsEcR4 expression levels and haemolymph ecdysteroid titer during part or whole ovarian development cycle. These results together indicated that four EsEcR isoforms may have different functions during ovary maturation of E. sinensis. All EcR isoforms and ecdysteroid seemed to have important roles in the hepatopancreas during early ovarian development stages, while EsEcR3 and EsEcR4 were closely related to the mid-late vitellogenesis stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gong
- School of Life Sciences (School of Ocean Science), Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fu Y, Liu L, Wang C, Zhu F, Liu X. Suppression of limb regeneration by RNA interference of WNT4 in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 234:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
22
|
Saikrithi P, Balasubramanian CP, Otta SK, Tomy S. Characterization and expression profile of farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase gene from Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 232:79-86. [PMID: 30880278 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Methyl farnesoate (MF), a sesquiterpenoid synthesized in the mandibular organ, regulates many physiological processes in crustaceans including growth and reproduction. In the present study, farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase (FAMeT), the key enzyme responsible for final step conversion of farnesoic acid (FA) to methyl farnesoate (MF), was cloned and characterized from the nervous tissues of Penaeus indicus. Multiple sequence alignment, prediction of conserved domain regions, phosphorylation sites identification and phylogenetic analysis indicated that putative FAMeT fragment from P. indicus (PiFAMeT), shares a high degree of sequence identity to FAMeT proteins isolated from other crustaceans species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed ubiquitous expression of PiFAMeT in all the tissues examined, with comparative higher mRNA levels in nervous tissue and ovary. Additionally, the levels of PiFAMeT also showed gradual increase of expression correlating with the advancement in ovarian maturation. Further to support their role in promoting ovarian development, serotonin treatment (5HT, 50 μg/g body weight) was given to eyestalk intact and unilaterally eyestalk ablated females which resulted in significant increase in PiFAMeT transcript levels at day 7 and day 14. The relatively higher levels of PiFAMeT, reflecting higher levels of MF, suggest a role during secondary vitellogenesis thereby regulating ovarian development in P. indicus. Further research is required to understand the synergistic interaction of MF pathways with serotonergic and other regulatory pathways in regulating ovarian maturation in penaeid shrimps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Saikrithi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C P Balasubramanian
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subhendu Kumar Otta
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sherly Tomy
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India..
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Suzuki Y, Chou J, Garvey SL, Wang VR, Yanes KO. Evolution and Regulation of Limb Regeneration in Arthropods. Results Probl Cell Differ 2019; 68:419-454. [PMID: 31598866 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23459-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration has fascinated both scientists and non-scientists for centuries. Many organisms can regenerate, and arthropod limbs are no exception although their ability to regenerate is a product shaped by natural and sexual selection. Recent studies have begun to uncover cellular and molecular processes underlying limb regeneration in several arthropod species. Here we argue that an evo-devo approach to the study of arthropod limb regeneration is needed to understand aspects of limb regeneration that are conserved and divergent. In particular, we argue that limbs of different species are comprised of cells at distinct stages of differentiation at the time of limb loss and therefore provide insights into regeneration involving both stem cell-like cells/precursor cells and differentiated cells. In addition, we review recent studies that demonstrate how limb regeneration impacts the development of the whole organism and argue that studies on the link between local tissue damage and the rest of the body should provide insights into the integrative nature of development. Molecular studies on limb regeneration are only beginning to take off, but comparative studies on the mechanisms of limb regeneration across various taxa should not only yield interesting insights into development but also answer how this remarkable ability evolved across arthropods and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Suzuki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA.
| | - Jacquelyn Chou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L Garvey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Victoria R Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Katherine O Yanes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hyde CJ, Elizur A, Ventura T. The crustacean ecdysone cassette: A gatekeeper for molt and metamorphosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 185:172-183. [PMID: 30157455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Arthropods have long been utilized as models to explore molecular function, and the findings derived from them can be applied throughout metazoa, including as a basis for medical research. This has led to the adoption of many representative insect models beyond Drosophila, as each lends its own unique perspective to questions in endocrinology and genetics. However, non-insect arthropods are yet to be realised for the potential insight they may provide in such studies. The Crustacea are among the most ancient arthropods from which insects descended, comprising a huge variety of life histories and ecological roles. Of the events in a typical crustacean development, metamorphosis is perhaps the most ubiquitous, challenging and highly studied. Despite this, our knowledge of the endocrinology which underpins metamorphosis is rudimentary at best; although several key molecules have been identified and studied in depth, the link between them is quite nebulous and leans heavily on well-explored insect models, which diverged from the Pancrustacea over 450 million years ago. As omics technologies become increasingly accessible, they bring the prospect of explorative molecular research which will allow us to uncover components and pathways unique to crustaceans. This review reconciles known components of crustacean metamorphosis and reflects on our findings in insects to outline a future search space, with focus given to the ecdysone cascade. To expand our knowledge of this ubiquitous endocrine system not only aids in our understanding of crustacean metamorphosis, but also provides a deeper insight into the adaptive capacity of arthropods throughout evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J Hyde
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Tomer Ventura
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ventura T, Stewart MJ, Chandler JC, Rotgans B, Elizur A, Hewitt AW. Molecular aspects of eye development and regeneration in the Australian redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
26
|
Shinji J, Gotoh H, Miyanishi H, Lavine MD, Lavine LC. The activin signaling transcription factor Smox is an essential regulator of appendage size during regeneration after autotomy in the crayfish. Evol Dev 2018; 21:44-55. [DOI: 10.1111/ede.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Shinji
- Department of Entomology; Washington State University; Pullman Washington
| | - Hiroki Gotoh
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyanishi
- Faculty of Agriculture; University of Miyazaki, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi; Miyazaki Japan
| | - Mark D. Lavine
- Department of Entomology; Washington State University; Pullman Washington
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu L, Fu Y, Zhu F, Mu C, Li R, Song W, Shi C, Ye Y, Wang C. Transcriptomic analysis of Portunus trituberculatus reveals a critical role for WNT4 and WNT signalling in limb regeneration. Gene 2018. [PMID: 29524579 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) is among the most economically important seawater crustacean species in Asia. Despite its commercial importance and being well-studied status, genomic and transcriptomic data are scarce for this crab species. In the present study, limb bud tissue was collected at different developmental stages post amputation for transcriptomic analysis. Illumina RNA-sequencing was applied to characterise the limb regeneration transcriptome and identify the most characteristic genes. A total of 289,018 transcripts were obtained by clustering and assembly of clean reads, producing 150,869 unigenes with an average length of 956 bp. Subsequent analysis revealed WNT signalling as the key pathway involved in limb regeneration, with WNT4 a key mediator. Overall, limb regeneration appears to be regulated by multiple signalling pathways, with numerous cell differentiation, muscle growth, moult, metabolism, and immune-related genes upregulated, including WNT4, LAMA, FIP2, FSTL5, TNC, HUS1, SWI5, NCGL, SLC22, PLA2, Tdc2, SMOX, GDH, and SMPD4. This is the first experimental study done on regenerating claws of P. trituberculatus. These findings expand existing sequence resources for crab species, and will likely accelerate research into regeneration and development in crustaceans, particularly functional studies on genes involved in limb regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yangfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis identifies proteins involved in limb regeneration of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 26:10-19. [PMID: 29482113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) has a striking capacity for limb regeneration, which has drawn the interest of many researchers. In this study, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach was utilised to investigate protein abundance changes during limb regeneration in this species. A total of 1830 proteins were identified, of which 181 were significantly differentially expressed, with 94 upregulated and 87 downregulated. Our results highlight the complexity of limb regeneration and its regulation through cooperation of various biological processes including cytoskeletal changes, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and ECM-receptor interactions, protein synthesis, signal recognition and transduction, energy production and conversion, and substance transport and metabolism. Additionally, real-time PCR confirmed that mRNA levels of differentially expressed genes were correlated with protein levels. Our results provide a basis for studying the regulatory mechanisms associated with crab limb regeneration.
Collapse
|
29
|
Girish BP, Swetha CH, Reddy PS. Serotonin induces ecdysteroidogenesis and methyl farnesoate synthesis in the mud crab, Scylla serrata. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1340-1345. [PMID: 28690150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we have examined the role of serotonin in regulating the levels of methyl farnesoate and ecdysteroids in the giant mud crab Scylla serrata and validated that serotonin indeed is a reproductive hormone. Administration of serotonin elevated circulatory levels of methyl farnesoate and ecdysteroids in crabs. Since methyl farnesoate and ecdysteroid act through retinoid X receptor (RXR) and ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) respectively and these receptors are involved in the regulation of reproduction in crustaceans, we have determined the mRNA levels of RXR and EcR in hepatopancreas and ovary after serotonin administration. The expression levels of both RXR and EcR increased significantly in the hepatopancreas and ovary of serotonin injected crabs when compared to the controls. In vitro organ culture studies revealed that incubation of Y-orgas and mandibular organ explants in the presence of serotonin resulted in a significant increase in the secretion of ecdysteroids by Y-organs, but without alterations in MF synthesis in mandibular organs. From the above studies it is evident that serotonin stimulates Y organs resulting in increased ecdysteroidogenesis. Though the circulatory levels methyl farnesoate elevated after serotonin administration, organ culture studies revealed serotonin mediated methyl farnesaote synthesis is indirect probably by inhibiting release of mandibular organ inhibiting hormone from eyestalks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Girish
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | - C H Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mykles DL, Burnett KG, Durica DS, Joyce BL, McCarthy FM, Schmidt CJ, Stillman JH. Resources and Recommendations for Using Transcriptomics to Address Grand Challenges in Comparative Biology. Integr Comp Biol 2016; 56:1183-1191. [PMID: 27639274 PMCID: PMC5146710 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology has become an important tool for studying physiological responses of organisms to changes in their environment. De novo assembly of RNA-seq data has allowed researchers to create a comprehensive catalog of genes expressed in a tissue and to quantify their expression without a complete genome sequence. The contributions from the "Tapping the Power of Crustacean Transcriptomics to Address Grand Challenges in Comparative Biology" symposium in this issue show the successes and limitations of using RNA-seq in the study of crustaceans. In conjunction with the symposium, the Animal Genome to Phenome Research Coordination Network collated comments from participants at the meeting regarding the challenges encountered when using transcriptomics in their research. Input came from novices and experts ranging from graduate students to principal investigators. Many were unaware of the bioinformatics analysis resources currently available on the CyVerse platform. Our analysis of community responses led to three recommendations for advancing the field: (1) integration of genomic and RNA-seq sequence assemblies for crustacean gene annotation and comparative expression; (2) development of methodologies for the functional analysis of genes; and (3) information and training exchange among laboratories for transmission of best practices. The field lacks the methods for manipulating tissue-specific gene expression. The decapod crustacean research community should consider the cherry shrimp, Neocaridina denticulata, as a decapod model for the application of transgenic tools for functional genomics. This would require a multi-investigator effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Mykles
- *Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Karen G Burnett
- Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - David S Durica
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Blake L Joyce
- BIO5 Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Fiona M McCarthy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Carl J Schmidt
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | - Jonathon H Stillman
- Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies and Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA 94920, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jaszczak JS, Halme A. Arrested development: coordinating regeneration with development and growth in Drosophila melanogaster. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 40:87-94. [PMID: 27394031 PMCID: PMC5135572 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The capacity for tissues to regenerate often varies during development. A better understanding how developmental context regulates regenerative capacity will be an important step towards enhancing the regenerative capacity of tissues to repair disease or damage. Recent work examining the regeneration of imaginal discs in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has begun to identify mechanisms by which developmental progress restricts regeneration, and elucidate how Drosophila coordinates regenerative repair with the growth and development of the entire organism. Here we review recent advances in describing the interplay between development and tissue regeneration in Drosophila and identify questions that arise from these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Jaszczak
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Adrian Halme
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sandlund L, Nilsen F, Male R, Dalvin S. The ecdysone receptor (EcR) is a major regulator of tissue development and growth in the marine salmonid ectoparasite, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae). Mol Biochem Parasitol 2016; 208:65-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
33
|
Gong J, Huang C, Shu L, Bao C, Huang H, Ye H, Zeng C, Li S. The retinoid X receptor from mud crab: new insights into its roles in ovarian development and related signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23654. [PMID: 27009370 PMCID: PMC4806290 DOI: 10.1038/srep23654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In arthropods, retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a highly conserved nuclear hormone receptor. By forming a heterodimeric complex with the ecdysone receptor (EcR), RXR is known to be vital importance for various physiological processes. However, in comparison to EcR, the RXR signaling pathway and its roles in crustacean reproduction are poorly understood. In the present study, the RXR mRNA was detected in the ovarian follicular cells of mud crab Scylla paramamosain (SpRXR) and during ovarian maturation, its expression level was found to increase significantly. In vitro experiment showed that both SpRXR and vitellogenin (SpVg) mRNA in the ovarian explants were significantly induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) but not methyl farnesoate (MF). However, differing from the in vitro experiment, injection of MF in in vivo experiment significantly stimulated the expressions of SpRXR and SpVg in female crabs at early vitellogenic stage, but the ecdysone and insect juvenile hormone (JH) signaling pathway genes were not induced. The results together suggest that both MF and SpRXR play significant roles in regulating the expression of SpVg and ovarian development of S. paramamosain through their own specific signaling pathway rather than sharing with the ecdysone or the insect JH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gong
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Chencui Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ling Shu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chenchang Bao
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huiyang Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chaoshu Zeng
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Shaojing Li
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Swetha CH, Girish BP, Reddy PS. Elucidation of the role of estradiol and progesterone in regulating reproduction in the edible crab, Oziothelphusa senex senex. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate sex steroids are ubiquitous and important bioactive mediators for many physiological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CH. Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati-517 502
- India
- Department of Zoology
| | - B. P. Girish
- Department of Biotechnology
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati-517 502
- India
- Department of Zoology
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Das S. Morphological, Molecular, and Hormonal Basis of Limb Regeneration across Pancrustacea: Table 1. Integr Comp Biol 2015; 55:869-77. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icv101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
36
|
Mykles DL, Hui JHL. Neocaridina denticulata: A Decapod Crustacean Model for Functional Genomics. Integr Comp Biol 2015; 55:891-7. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icv050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Gong J, Ye H, Xie Y, Yang Y, Huang H, Li S, Zeng C. Ecdysone receptor in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain: a possible role in promoting ovarian development. J Endocrinol 2015; 224:273-87. [PMID: 25563354 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In arthropods, it is known that ecdysteroids regulate molting, limb regeneration, and reproduction through activation of the ecdysone receptor (EcR). However, the ecdysteroid signaling pathway for promotion of ovarian development in crustaceans is still unclear. In this study, three cDNA isoforms of EcR were cloned from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. qRT-PCR revealed that the SpEcR mRNA was abundant in the eyestalk, ovary and epidermis. During ovarian development, the SpEcR transcripts increased from stage I (undeveloped stage) and reached a peak at stage IV (late vitellogenic stage) before dropping to a lower level at stage V (mature stage). Meanwhile, levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in the hemolymph, detected by HPLC-MS, displayed a similar pattern of increase with ovarian development. Results from in situ hybridization indicated that SpEcR mRNA was present in the follicular cells during vitellogenesis. Results from in vivo experiments revealed that 20E at 0.2 μg/g body weight significantly stimulated the expression of SpEcR and vitellogenin (SpVg) in female crabs during the early vitellogenic stage but not during the previtellogenic stage. This was confirmed by results from in vitro experiments which indicated that SpEcR and SpVg expression levels were significantly upregulated in early vitellogenic ovarian explants incubated with 5.0 μM 20E at 3 and 6 h but not in previtellogenic ovarian explants. Finally, results from in vitro gene silencing experiments indicated that the expression of SpEcR and SpVg in the ovary was significantly inhibited by SpEcR dsRNA. All these results together indicated that in S. paramamosain, 20E, and SpEcR, located in the follicular cells, play important roles in the promotion of ovarian development via regulating the expression of SpVg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gong
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Haihui Ye
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Yinjie Xie
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Yanan Yang
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Huiyang Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Shaojing Li
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Chaoshu Zeng
- College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Development and Utilization of Marine Biological ResourcesXiamen 361102, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shyamal S, Anilkumar G, Bhaskaran R, Doss GP, Durica DS. Significant fluctuations in ecdysteroid receptor gene (EcR) expression in relation to seasons of molt and reproduction in the grapsid crab, Metopograpsus messor (Brachyura: Decapoda). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 211:39-51. [PMID: 25448252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metopograpsus messor, a brachyuran crab inhabiting the estuaries of North Kerala (India), is a prolific breeder releasing approximately 14-16 broods a year. The present paper reports the sequence information on the DNA binding domain (C domain, DBD), linker (D domain) and ligand binding domain (E domain, LBD) of M. messor ecdysteroid receptor (MmEcR) gene, the first grapsid brachyuran crab EcR examined. We have also measured MmEcR transcript levels in the ovary and the hepatopancreas throughout the annual cycle, with special reference to seasons of molt and reproduction. MmEcR expression in both the tissues is found to be at its peak (P<0.05) in late premolt crabs (January/May, molt/reproduction season); the expression levels are lowest (P<0.05) during June/July, when the females would neither molt nor reproduce (season for molt/reproduction repose). Intermediate levels of expression were found during the breeding season (August/December). Interestingly, this pattern of gene expression is in concordance with the fluctuating ecdysteroid levels of the hemolymph and Y organ secretory activity. The significant levels of fluctuation in the ovarian expression of MmEcR strongly suggest the ovary as a potential target for ecdysteroid action. A season-wise comparison of the gene expression reveals that ovarian MmEcR transcript levels are higher in breeding crabs (August/December) than the non-breeding animals (June/July), implicating a possible ecdysteroid role in reproduction in M. messor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmishtha Shyamal
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Anilkumar
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Bhaskaran
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G P Doss
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D S Durica
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Durica DS, Das S, Najar F, Roe B, Phillips B, Kappalli S, Anilkumar G. Alternative splicing in the fiddler crab cognate ecdysteroid receptor: variation in receptor isoform expression and DNA binding properties in response to hormone. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 206:80-95. [PMID: 25025945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RXR cDNA cloning from three Uca species led to the identification of 4 conserved isoforms, indicative of alternative splicing in the hinge and ligand binding domains (LBD). Sequencing of overlapping clones from a Ucapugilator genomic library identified EcR isoforms matching previously identified cDNA variants; in addition, a cryptic exon in the LBD was detected and evidence for expression of this new isoform was obtained from next-generation sequencing. RNA-seq analysis also identified a new amino terminal EcR variant. EcR and RXR transcript abundance increases throughout ovarian maturation in U. pugilator, while cognate receptor transcript abundance remains constant in a related Indo-Pacific species with a different reproductive strategy. To examine if crab RXR LBD isoforms have different physical properties in vitro, electromobility shift assays were performed with different EcR isoforms. The cognate crab and fruit fly receptors differ in their responses to hormone. Ecdysteroids did not increase DNA binding for the crab heterodimers, while ecdysteroids stimulate binding for Drosophilamelanogaster EcR/USP heterodimers. In swapping experiments, UpEcR/USP heterodimers did not show ligand-responsive differences in DNA binding; both crab RXR LBD isoforms, however, conferred ligand-responsive increases in DNA binding with DmEcRs. These data indicate that both UpRXR LBD isoforms can heterodimerize with the heterologous DmEcR receptors and promote ligand and DNA binding. Unresponsiveness of the cognate receptors to ecdysteroid, however, suggest additional factors may be required to mediate endogenous, perhaps isoform-specific, differences in EcR conformation, consistent with previously reported effects of UpRXR isoforms on UpEcR ligand-binding affinities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Durica
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| | - Sunetra Das
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Fares Najar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Bruce Roe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Barret Phillips
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | | | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Biotechnology, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632 014, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Y, Bao C, Liu A, Ye H, Huang H, Li S. Immune responses of prophenoloxidase in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain against Vibrio alginolyticus infection: in vivo and in vitro gene silencing evidence. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 39:237-244. [PMID: 24859592 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Phenoloxidase (PO) plays an important role in arthropod melanization. In the present study, a proPO gene was obtained from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain, then we localized the proPO mRNA in hemocytes and detected the expression of proPO after bacterial challenge. In vivo and in vitro gene silencing mediated by dsRNA was also used to investigate the function of proPO in innate immune. The full-length of the proPO cDNA was 2600 bp and the predicted ORF encoded a protein of 673 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 77.3 kDa. The deduced amino acid and the main functional domain of proPO shared a high similarity to the mud crab Scylla serrata. In situ hybridization assay showed that the proPO mRNA was localized in the granular and semi-granular cells. The expression level of proPO in hemocytes showed a clear time-dependent pattern during the 96 h course after stimulated by Vibrio alginolyticus. In this study, high expression levels were observed at 3, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively and the highest expression level was observed at 12 h, and this suggested that proPO was induced by bacteria and involved in immune response. In vivo proPO and GFP dsRNA treatment experiments showed that, proPO mRNA transcript was reduced to 39%, but the PO activity showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Results indicated that the expression of proPO could be inhibited by dsRNA, and the enzyme activity may be influenced by incomplete knockdown of proPO, or hemocyanin, and other proPO isoforms as well. In vitro proPO-silenced experiments showed that the levels of proPO were decreased by 36%, 64% and 77% at 8, 16 and 32 h, respectively. Meanwhile, the quantity of bacteria was significantly larger in proPO dsRNA treatment than that in control at 3 h, calculated by 4,6-diamino-2-phenylindole staining (P < 0.01). These data demonstrated that the proPO gene plays an important role in the control of systemic bacterial infections and could help us to elucidate the defense role of the proPO-activating system in crabs. In addition, in vitro gene silencing operation mediated by dsRNA was expected to be a new tool for investigating the function of genes in crustaceans in the case of lacking cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Yang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chenchang Bao
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - An Liu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- Center for Marine Biotechnology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Huiyang Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Shaojing Li
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lobo D, Feldman EB, Shah M, Malone TJ, Levin M. A bioinformatics expert system linking functional data to anatomical outcomes in limb regeneration. REGENERATION (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2014; 1:37-56. [PMID: 25729585 PMCID: PMC4339036 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians and molting arthropods have the remarkable capacity to regenerate amputated limbs, as described by an extensive literature of experimental cuts, amputations, grafts, and molecular techniques. Despite a rich history of experimental efforts, no comprehensive mechanistic model exists that can account for the pattern regulation observed in these experiments. While bioinformatics algorithms have revolutionized the study of signaling pathways, no such tools have heretofore been available to assist scientists in formulating testable models of large-scale morphogenesis that match published data in the limb regeneration field. Major barriers preventing an algorithmic approach are the lack of formal descriptions for experimental regenerative information and a repository to centralize storage and mining of functional data on limb regeneration. Establishing a new bioinformatics of shape would significantly accelerate the discovery of key insights into the mechanisms that implement complex regeneration. Here, we describe a novel mathematical ontology for limb regeneration to unambiguously encode phenotype, manipulation, and experiment data. Based on this formalism, we present the first centralized formal database of published limb regeneration experiments together with a user-friendly expert system tool to facilitate its access and mining. These resources are freely available for the community and will assist both human biologists and artificial intelligence systems to discover testable, mechanistic models of limb regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lobo
- Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of BiologyTufts University200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600MedfordMA02155U.S.A.
| | - Erica B. Feldman
- Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of BiologyTufts University200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600MedfordMA02155U.S.A.
| | - Michelle Shah
- Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of BiologyTufts University200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600MedfordMA02155U.S.A.
| | - Taylor J. Malone
- Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of BiologyTufts University200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600MedfordMA02155U.S.A.
| | - Michael Levin
- Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of BiologyTufts University200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600MedfordMA02155U.S.A.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shen H, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Xu Z. Calcium–calmodulin dependent protein kinase I from Macrobrachium nipponense: cDNA cloning and involvement in molting. Gene 2014; 538:235-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
43
|
Lobo D, Solano M, Bubenik GA, Levin M. A linear-encoding model explains the variability of the target morphology in regeneration. J R Soc Interface 2014; 11:20130918. [PMID: 24402915 PMCID: PMC3899861 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental assumption of today's molecular genetics paradigm is that complex morphology emerges from the combined activity of low-level processes involving proteins and nucleic acids. An inherent characteristic of such nonlinear encodings is the difficulty of creating the genetic and epigenetic information that will produce a given self-assembling complex morphology. This 'inverse problem' is vital not only for understanding the evolution, development and regeneration of bodyplans, but also for synthetic biology efforts that seek to engineer biological shapes. Importantly, the regenerative mechanisms in deer antlers, planarian worms and fiddler crabs can solve an inverse problem: their target morphology can be altered specifically and stably by injuries in particular locations. Here, we discuss the class of models that use pre-specified morphological goal states and propose the existence of a linear encoding of the target morphology, making the inverse problem easy for these organisms to solve. Indeed, many model organisms such as Drosophila, hydra and Xenopus also develop according to nonlinear encodings producing linear encodings of their final morphologies. We propose the development of testable models of regeneration regulation that combine emergence with a top-down specification of shape by linear encodings of target morphology, driving transformative applications in biomedicine and synthetic bioengineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lobo
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Mauricio Solano
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - George A. Bubenik
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Michael Levin
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4600, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shyamal S, Sudha K, Gayathri N, Anilkumar G. The Y-organ secretory activity fluctuates in relation to seasons of molt and reproduction in the brachyuran crab, Metopograpsus messor (Grapsidae): Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 196:81-90. [PMID: 24291010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a first-time report on the localization, structure and seasonal secretory activity of the Y-organ of a grapsid brachyuran crab (Metopograpsus messor). Having exhibited discrete seasonality with reference to the programming of molt and reproduction, this brachyuran crab has offered us an excellent model to obtain a clear picture of the fluctuating secretory nature of the Yorgan, all the way through the reproductive (August-December) as well as the molt-reproduction active (January-May) and inactive (June-July) seasons. Ultrastructural studies revealed that the secretion of the Y-organ was at its peak in premolt crabs during molt-reproduction season (January-May). Interestingly, the Y-organs of the intermolt females that engaged in breeding activity showed higher levels of secretion than those of the molt-reproduction inactive season (June-July), implicating the gland's involvement in reproduction. Immunohistochemical studies using the antiserum raised against 2-succinyl conjugate of ecdysone have demonstrated the ecdysteroid nature of the secretion from the Y-organ, and results of the quantitative assay of ecdysteroids (through radioimmunoassay) revealed that the hormone titer fluctuates in consonance with the Y-organ's secretory activity during seasons of molt and reproduction. Pertinently, not only that the paper gives us a comprehensive understanding on the secretory activity of the Y-organ in a season-dependent fashion, it also allows us to have a better insight into the gland's function related to molting and reproduction (for the first time) in a grapsid brachyuran crab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmishtha Shyamal
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sudha
- PG Department of Zoology, Sree Narayana College, Kannur 670007, Kerala, India
| | - N Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560027, India
| | - G Anilkumar
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gene silencing in crustaceans: from basic research to biotechnologies. Genes (Basel) 2013; 4:620-45. [PMID: 24705266 PMCID: PMC3927571 DOI: 10.3390/genes4040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi) is gaining momentum for crustaceans, both in basic research and for commercial development. RNAi has proven instrumental in a growing number of crustacean species, revealing the functionality of novel crustacean genes essential among others to development, growth, metabolism and reproduction. Extensive studies have also been done on silencing of viral transcripts in crustaceans, contributing to the understanding of the defense mechanisms of crustaceans and strategies employed by viruses to overcome these. The first practical use of gene silencing in aquaculture industry has been recently achieved, through manipulation of a crustacean insulin-like androgenic gland hormone. This review summarizes the advancements in the use of RNAi in crustaceans, and assesses the advantages of this method, as well as the current hurdles that hinder its large-scale practice.
Collapse
|