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Liao C, Yu C, Guo J, Guan M. Subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. reduce Listeria monocytogenes motility and hemolytic activity but do not exhibit antimicrobial activity. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1388388. [PMID: 39086651 PMCID: PMC11288822 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1388388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Increases in the virulence and survival of some pathogens in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics have been reported. However, research on the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial substances derived from traditional Chinese medicine on pathogens is still insufficient. Glabridin is a well-known active isoflavone found in licorice roots that possesses a wide range of biological activities. Therefore, in this study, Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin was used as the research object. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for L. monocytogenes. We investigated the impacts of subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin on the morphology, motility, biofilm formation, adherence, and survival of L. monocytogenes. The results indicated that the MIC of glabridin for L. monocytogenes was 31.25 μg/mL. At 1/8, 1/4, or 1/2 of the MIC, glabridin did not affect the growth, morphology, flagellar production, or biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes. However, subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin inhibited bacterial swimming and swarming motility and decreased the hemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes. Glabridin reduced the hemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes culture supernatants. The results also showed that subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin had no toxic effect on RAW264.7 cells but decreased the intracellular growth of L. monocytogenes in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin triggered ROS production but did not induce MET formation in macrophages. In addition, glabridin did not enhance the capacity of L. monocytogenes to trigger METs or the extracellular killing of macrophages by METs. Thus, we conclude that subinhibitory concentrations of glabridin reduce L. monocytogenes motility and hemolytic activity but do not exhibit antimicrobial activity. Glabridin could be an interesting food additive as a bacteriostatic agent with anti-Listeria activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshui Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
| | - Jinxiang Guo
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengxiang Guan
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
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Kaptchouang Tchatchouang CD, Fri J, Montso PK, Amagliani G, Schiavano GF, Manganyi MC, Baldelli G, Brandi G, Ateba CN. Evidence of Virulent Multi-Drug Resistant and Biofilm-Forming Listeria Species Isolated from Various Sources in South Africa. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080843. [PMID: 36014964 PMCID: PMC9416180 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a foodborne disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes species and is known to cause severe complications, particularly in pregnant women, young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Listeria species in food and water using both biochemical and species-specific PCR analysis. L. monocytogenes isolates were further screened for the presence of various antibiotic resistance, virulence, and biofilm-forming determinants profiles using phenotypic and genotypic assays. A total of 207 samples (composed of meat, milk, vegetables, and water) were collected and analyzed for presence of L. monocytogenes using species specific PCR analysis. Out of 267 presumptive isolates, 53 (19.85%) were confirmed as the Listeria species, and these comprised 26 L. monocytogenes, 3 L. innocua, 2 L. welshimeri, and 1 L. thailandensis. The remaining 21 Listeria species were classified as uncultured Listeria, based on 16SrRNA sequence analysis results. A large proportion (76% to 100%) of the L. monocytogenes were resistant to erythromycin (76%), clindamycin (100%), gentamicin (100%), tetracycline (100%), novobiocin (100%), oxacillin (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), and kanamycin (100%). The isolates revealed various multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes, with E-DA-GM-T-NO-OX-NA-K being the most predominant MDR phenotypes observed in the L. monocytogenes isolates. The virulence genes prfA, hlyA, actA, and plcB were detected in 100%, 68%, 56%, and 20% of the isolates, respectively. In addition, L. monocytogenes isolates were capable of forming strong biofilm at 4 °C (%) after 24 to 72 h incubation periods, moderate for 8% isolates at 48 h and 20% at 72 h (p < 0.05). Moreover, at 25 °C and 37 °C, small proportions of the isolates displayed moderate (8−20%) biofilm formation after 48 and 72 h incubation periods. Biofilm formation genes flaA and luxS were detected in 72% and 56% of the isolates, respectively. These findings suggest that proper hygiene measures must be enforced along the food chain to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christ-Donald Kaptchouang Tchatchouang
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (C.-D.K.T.); (J.F.); (P.K.M.)
| | - Justine Fri
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (C.-D.K.T.); (J.F.); (P.K.M.)
| | - Peter Kotsoana Montso
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (C.-D.K.T.); (J.F.); (P.K.M.)
| | - Giulia Amagliani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; (G.A.); (G.B.); (G.B.)
| | | | - Madira Coutlyne Manganyi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa;
| | - Giulia Baldelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; (G.A.); (G.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; (G.A.); (G.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Collins Njie Ateba
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (C.-D.K.T.); (J.F.); (P.K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-18-389-2247
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3
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Assessment of multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes in milk and milk product and One Health perspective. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270993. [PMID: 35793329 PMCID: PMC9258876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and the antibiogram signatures of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) recovered from 65 milk samples and its products within the Eastern Cape province were examined. The EN ISO 11290:2017 procedures Parts 1 and 2 described by the International Organization for Standardization for the enumeration and isolation of Lm was adopted for the study. Lm was detected in 18.46% of all the samples examined, and the strains recovered from the samples belong to serotypes 4b and 1/2b. The virulence determinants including prfA, plcA, plcB, inlA, inlC, hly, mpl, actA, inlJ and inlB were detected in all the isolates. About 95.24% of the studied Lm isolates demonstrated potential capacity for biofilm formation. The antibiogram profile revealed high resistance against sulfamethoxazole (71.43%), trimethoprim (52.86%); erythromycin, cefotetan and oxytetracycline (42.86% respectively). About 85.71% exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes against the test antibiotics. The resistance determinants encoding resistance against the β-lactamase antibiotics [such as the blaTEM, blaSHV, blaTEMvariants (TEM-1 and TEM-2) and the blaZ], the tetracycline resistance genes (including tetA, tetD, tetG and tetM and tetK) were detected among resistant isolates. In addition, the aminoglycoside resistance gene aph (3)-IIa (aphA2)a was detected only in one isolate. Finally, the sulfonamide resistance genes including the sul2 and the sul1 genes were the most frequently observed among Lm isolates. Generally, 71.43% of all Lm isolates recovered from the samples investigated harboured one or more resistance genes encoding resistance against various antibiotics. The antibiogram signatures of Lm isolates observed in this study is an indication that empirical treatment of listeriosis may be challenging in the future as the pathogen may obliterate the success of antibiotics. We, therefore, advocate for the recognition of the One Health approach to ensuring food safety and curbing the spread of antimicrobial resistance in food.
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Listeria monocytogenes in Irrigation Water: An Assessment of Outbreaks, Sources, Prevalence, and Persistence. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071319. [PMID: 35889038 PMCID: PMC9323950 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As more fresh fruits and vegetables are needed to meet the demands of a growing population, growers may need to start depending on more varied sources of water, including environmental, recycled, and reclaimed waters. Some of these sources might be susceptible to contamination with microbial pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes. Surveys have found this pathogen in water, soil, vegetation, and farm animal feces around the world. The frequency at which this pathogen is present in water sources is dependent on multiple factors, including the season, surrounding land use, presence of animals, and physicochemical water parameters. Understanding the survival duration of L. monocytogenes in specific water sources is important, but studies are limited concerning this environment and the impact of these highly variable factors. Understanding the pathogen’s ability to remain infectious is key to understanding how L. monocytogenes impacts produce outbreaks and, ultimately, consumers’ health.
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Molecular characterization and hematological analysis of Listeria monocytogenes infection in dairy cows in Punjab (Pakistan). Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:201. [PMID: 35239048 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Listeriosis is an emerging bacterial disease of animals and humans worldwide, caused by Listeria monocytogenes. The infected dairy cows continuously shed the microbes in their milk, a human being's concern. This study was designed to molecular characterize the Listeria monocytogenes isolated from symptomatic cow's milk of tehsils Samundri, Gujar khan, and Alipur of Punjab. A total of 175 milk samples were collected, pre-enriched and cultured on PALCAM agar. The affirmation of the hlyA gene of Listeria monocytogenes was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 3.43% of isolates were found positive. The phylogenetic analysis showed a resemblance of our isolates of Listeria monocytogenes with India (KP965733), the USA (DQ812484), and 3 of our isolates made a clade. The leucocytes and neutrophils count were found significantly increased in listeriosis affected cows. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between poor quality silage feeding and listeriosis. The presence of L.monocytogenes in cow's milk indicates a potential threat to humans. It is further recommended that it should be consistently monitored to ensure food safety.
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6
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Shakuntala I, Prince Milton AA, Das S, Ghatak S, Sanjukta R, Puro KU, Pegu RK, Doijad SP, Barbuddhe SB, Sen A. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis fingerprinting of Listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from foods of animal origin and fishes in North-Eastern India. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2022; 13:133-139. [PMID: 35601777 PMCID: PMC9094589 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2020.121715.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogen of great concern to the food industry. The present study was aimed to explore the clonal relationships amongst L. monocytogenes strains isolated from foods of animal origin (milk, beef, chevon (goat meat), pork and chicken) and fish. Forty-seven L. monocytogenes strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The PFGE analysis using ApaI and AscI enzymes revealed 37 pulsotypes, with Simpson’s discriminatory index of 0.987. This study demonstrated the presence of a few similar L. monocytogenes pulsotypes in different foods of animal origin in different places and years of isolation and this indicates that some L. monocytogenes subtypes may be ubiquitous which are acclimatizing and persisting in different foods of animal origin. This also emphasizes the importance of cross-contamination in local wet markets. Thus, the understanding of genetic diversity will contribute to the development of rational and workable strategies to control this important zoonotic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingudam Shakuntala
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Samir Das
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Sandeep Ghatak
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Rajkumari Sanjukta
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Kekungu-U Puro
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | - Raj Kumar Pegu
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
| | | | | | - Arnab Sen
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, India
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7
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Barbuddhe SB, Rawool DB, Doijad SP, Vergis J, Malik SS, Chakraborty T. Ecology of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria species in India: the occurrence, resistance to biocides, genomic landscape and biocontrol. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:2759-2780. [PMID: 34693631 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of listeriosis, has been implicated in increasing foodborne outbreaks worldwide. The disease is manifested in various forms ranging from severe sepsis in immune-compromised individuals, febrile gastroenteritis, still birth, abortions and meningoencephalitis. In India, data from studies on the detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of L. monocytogenes are only recently emerging. The presence of Listeria in different ecological niches has been recorded from India, including foods, soil, vegetables, mangrove swamps, seafood, freshwater fishes, clinical cases, and also insects. The organism has also been isolated from women with spontaneous abortions, miscarriage or recurrent obstetric history, aborted foetuses, animal clinical cases and wildlife samples. A novel species of Listeria has also been characterized. Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical, environmental, and foods showed biofilm-forming abilities. Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolates of ST328, a predominant and unique ST observed in India, was repeatedly isolated from different sources, times, and geographical locations. Here, we reviewed the occurrence of Listeria in different sources in India, its resistance to biocides, and provide epidemiological analysis on its genomic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500092, India
| | - Swapnil Prakash Doijad
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Jess Vergis
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, 673576, India
| | - Satyaveer Singh Malik
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
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8
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Reddy B, Dubey SK. Exploring the allochthonous pollution influence on bacterial community and co-occurrence dynamics of River Ganga water through 16S rRNA-tagged amplicon metagenome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26990-27005. [PMID: 33501578 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
River Ganga is one of the largest and most sacred rivers of India. This river is largely affected by anthropogenic activities causing significant increase in water pollution. The impact of drains discharging polluted water on the bacterial community dynamics in the river remains unexplored. To elucidate this, the targeted 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region amplicon sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed using water from upstream, drain, and downstream of river Ganga. Analysis revealed significant difference in relative abundances of bacterial communities. The increase in bacterial abundance and alpha diversity was detected in the downstream compared to the upstream. Environmental factors were found significantly different between upstream and downstream water. At the phyla level, highly abundant taxa such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia were observed. Bacterial genera like Prevotella, Bacteroides, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium (fecal indicator) had higher abundance in the downstream site. Network co-occurrence revealed that bacterial communities have a modular profile with reduced interaction in drain and downstream water. The network of co-occurring bacterial communities consists of 283 nodes with edge connectivity of 6900, 7074, and 5294 in upstream, drain, and downstream samples, respectively. Upstream communities exhibited the highest positive interaction followed by the drain and the downstream sites. Additionally, highly abundant pathogenic species such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Prevotella copri were also detected in all samples. This study suggests the drain to be allochthonous pollution vector that significantly contributes to bacterial community enrichment. From the results of this study, it is apparent that the lotic water may be used as the ecological reference to understand and monitor the variations in the bacterial communities and their co-occurrence dynamics in the fresh water ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Reddy
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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9
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Jing J, Zhang R, Wang Y, Tang S, Yang H, Du L, Lin B, Shao L, Zhang F, Xue P. Less polar ginsenosides have better protective effects on mice infected by Listeria monocytogenes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112065. [PMID: 33636464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes widely exists in the natural environment and does great harm, which can cause worldwide public safety problem. Infection with L. monocytogenes can cause rapid death of Kupffer cell (KCs) in liver tissue and liver damage. American ginseng saponins is a natural compound in plants, which has great potential in inhibiting L. monocytogenes infection. Therefore, American ginseng stem-leaf saponins (AGS) and American ginseng heat-transformed saponins (HTS) were used as raw materials to study their bacteriostatic experiments in vivo and in vitro. In this experiment, female Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group, negative group, AGS group, HTS group (10 mg/kg/day in an equal volume via gastric administration) and penicillin group, each group containing six mice. Profiles AGS and HTS components were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The bacteriostatic effect of AGS and HTS on L. monocytogenes was evaluated by inhibition zone test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The bacteriostatic effect of AGS and HTS pretreatment on mice infected with L. monocytogenes were studies by animal experimental. The results showed that the content of polar saponins in AGS was 0.81 ± 0.003 mg/mg, less polar saponins was 0.08 ± 0.02 mg/mg, the content of polar saponins in HTS was 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/mg, less polar saponins was 0.76 ± 0.02 mg/mg. The in vitro bacteriostatic diameter of HTS (16.6 ± 0.8 mm) is large than that of AGS (10.2 ± 1.2 mm). AGS and HTS pretreatment could reduce the colony numbers in the livers of mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the livers of mice in the pretreatment group were significantly lower than those in the negative group. There were obvious leukoplakia, calcification and other liver damage on the liver surface in the negative control group, and obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in HE sections. AGS and HTS pretreatment can reduce liver injury caused by L. monocytogenes and protect the liver. Compared with AGS, HTS has higher content of less polar saponins and better bacteriostatic effect in vitro. The count of bacterial in liver tissue of HTS group was significantly lower, the survival rate was significantly higher than that of AGS group. Less polar saponins had better bacteriostatic effect. Collectively, less polar saponins pretreatment has a protective effect on mice infected with L. monocytogenes, to which alleviated liver damage, improved anti-inflammatory ability and immunity of the body, protected liver may contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jing
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhai Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanchao Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidong Du
- Clinical Medical Colleges, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Lin
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Shao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China.
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Heidarlo MN, Lotfollahi L, Yousefi S, Lohrasbi V, Irajian G, Talebi M. Analysis of virulence genes and molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from human, food, and livestock from 2008 to 2016 in Iran. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:127. [PMID: 33454847 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The frequency of Listeria monocytogenes isolates collected from a total of 1150 samples including food (n = 300), livestock (n = 50), and human clinical (n = 800) was evaluated during 2008-2016. Antimicrobial resistance patterns, virulence factors, and molecular characteristics of these isolates were analyzed using disk diffusion method, sequencing, serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The analysis of 44 L. monocytogenes isolates showed that 72.7% (32 of 44) of all the isolates belonged to Serotype 1/2c, and 15.9% (7 of 44) belonged to Serotype 3c. All 44 isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents with the most frequent resistance to penicillin (75%) and tetracycline (47.7%). Of the 44 L. monocytogenes strains, 100, 69.2, and 62.5% of livestock, human, and food strains were resistant to penicillin, respectively. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique, the isolates' genetic diversity was determined, and 28 PFGE patterns with 8 common (CT) and 20 single types (ST) were identified. This study highlights the high prevalence of Serotype 1/2c in clinical and livestock samples, while different serotypes were observed in food samples. The presence of rare serotypes such as 4c, belonging to the Lineage III, as well as 4e and 1/2c which are infrequent in Iran indicates that paying attention to uncommon serotypes, especially 1/2c, during the listeriosis outbreaks is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lida Lotfollahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Saber Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahid Lohrasbi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Irajian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Sarkar D, Ratkowsky DA, Wang B, Bowman JP, Tamplin ML. Modelling viability of Listeria monocytogenes in paneer. Food Microbiol 2021; 97:103738. [PMID: 33653517 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Paneer is a fresh, soft ready-to-eat cheese that is susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes contamination, exemplified by product recalls in Australia, Canada, and the USA. Previous research demonstrates that L. monocytogenes grows in paneer, however there are no paneer-specific predictive models that quantify the effect of environmental conditions on L. monocytogenes viability. This study measured the viability of a five-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes in freshly prepared paneer incubated at 4-40 °C. Growth rates were fitted with the extended Ratkowsky square root model, with growth rates ranging from 0.014 to 0.352 log10 CFU/h. In comparison with published models, only the ComBase L. monocytogenes broth model acceptably predicted growth (Bf = 1.01, Af = 1.12) versus the developed model. The influence of paneer pH (5.0-6.0) and storage temperature (41-45 °C) on L. monocytogenes growth at the upper temperature growth boundary was described using a logistic model. These models provide quantitative tools to improve the safety of paneer processing conditions, shelf-life estimation, food safety management plans, and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipon Sarkar
- Centre of Food Safety & Innovation, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
| | - David A Ratkowsky
- Centre of Food Safety & Innovation, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 N 21st St, Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States.
| | - John P Bowman
- Centre of Food Safety & Innovation, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
| | - Mark L Tamplin
- Centre of Food Safety & Innovation, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
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12
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Barman NN, Nath AJ, Doley S, Begum SA, Kakati P, Das SK, Rahman T, Bhuyan D, Baishya BC, Goswami S. Listeriosis in a peri-urban area: Cultural and molecular characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from encephalitic goats. Vet World 2020; 13:1743-1749. [PMID: 33132584 PMCID: PMC7566257 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1743-1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Listeriosis in food animals bears a significant threat to human health. Detailed investigations into the cause facilitate proper management of the disease. This study reports the cultural, pathological, and molecular characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from encephalitic goats from peri-urban Guwahati, Assam. Materials and Methods: Out of nine suspected samples, five positive isolates of L. monocytogenes were subjected to bacteriological, biochemical, and molecular tests. The genus and species-specific L. monocytogenes 16S rRNA and prs genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to yield 1200 and 370 bp sized products, respectively. The encephalitic form of the disease was characterized by circling movement, high fever, and terminal recumbence. Results: All the five isolates were confirmed to be L. monocytogenes based on PCR amplification of genus and species-specific 16S rRNA and prs gene products. The isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, oxytetracycline (OTC), and norfloxacin, but resistant to doxycycline and erythromycin. A high dose of OTC was used in a goat at the early stage of clinical symptom and the animal recovered clinically. Conclusion: Listeriosis in goats could pose a significant public health threat as the meat (occasionally milk) or meat products from goats are widely consumed by the people of Assam. Understanding the molecular epidemiological aspects of L. monocytogenes infections of food animal species should, therefore, be the priority in this part of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Nath Barman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Anjan Jyoti Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India
| | - Sharmita Doley
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Shameem Ara Begum
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Parikshit Kakati
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sailendra Kumar Das
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Taibur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Dipak Bhuyan
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bhaben Chandra Baishya
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Susanta Goswami
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India
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13
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Characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes from Food and Human Clinical Samples at Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.4.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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14
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Jaguezeski AM, da Silva AS, Gomes TMA, Bottari NB, Lopes TF, Cechin RA, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Giongo JL, de A Vaucher R. Experimental listeriosis: A study of purinergic and cholinergic inflammatory pathway. Vet Microbiol 2019; 241:108528. [PMID: 31882365 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic, purinergic and oxidative stress systems were related to nervous system damage in some pathologies, as well as being involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. The objective was to investigate changes in purinergic, cholinergic systems and oxidative stress related to the neuropathology of listeriosis. Gerbils were used as experimental models. The animals were divided in two groups: control and infected. The animals were orally infected with 5 × 108 CFU/animal of the pathogenic strain of Listeria monocytogenes. Collected of material was 6 and 12th days post-infection (PI). Infected animals showed moderate mixed inflammatory infiltrates in the liver. The spleen and brain was used for PCR analyses, confirming infection by L. monocytogenes. Increase in number of total leukocytes because of an increase in lymphocytes in infected (P < 0.001). ATP and ADP hydrolysis by NTPDase was lower at 6 and 12th days PI in infected animals than in the control group. ADA (adenosine deaminase) activity was higher on the 6th day PI (P < 0.05) and decreased on the 12th day PI (P < 0.05) in infected animals. AChE (acetylcholinesterase) activity did not differ between groups on the 6th day PI; however, activity decreased in infected group on the 12th day PI (P < 0.05). On the 12th day PI, an increase of oxygen-reactive species levels and lower catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the infected group was observed, characterizing a situation of cerebral oxidative stress. The inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms are present in listeriosis in asymptomatic animals, and that ectonucleotidases and cholinesterase's are involved in immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonise M Jaguezeski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Teane M A Gomes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense - IFC, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thalisson F Lopes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renan A Cechin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense - IFC, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria R C Schetinger
- Department of Molecular Biology and Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janice L Giongo
- Pharmacy Laboratory, Faculdade Anhanguera, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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15
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Tsai HC, Huang TY, Chen JS, Chen WJ, Lin CY, Hsu BM. Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in long-term care facilities in eastern Taiwan. Tzu Chi Med J 2019; 31:222-231. [PMID: 31867250 PMCID: PMC6905247 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_136_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The prevention of infections is crucial in long-term care programs. Investigations of the occurrence and sources of pathogens in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are still lacking, especially in eastern Taiwan. In this study, we conducted a surveillance of two common pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in LTCFs in Hualien. Materials and Methods: Pathogenic assays including isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted for AB and MRSA at LTCFs in Eastern Taiwan. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing assays were done to understand the relatedness of clonal strains of MRSA. Results: All AB-positive samples in the LTCFs were mainly from water-rich samples and were drug susceptible. Our data indicated that the AB strains from LTCFs were similar to those from Puzi River watersheds in Taiwan, which were not drug resistant to commonly used antibiotics. On the other hand, the drug resistance analysis of MRSA indicated that the genotypes from the LTCFs were similar to those from nearby hospitals. Eight strains of MRSA were isolated from four LTCFs, of which five were identified as hospital-acquired strains according to SSCmed typing assays. Conclusion: These findings suggest that MRSA in LTCFs might propagate from hospitals and could be transmitted between hospitals and LTCFs. Health authorities should be aware of this risk. The long-term follow-up of MRSA is recommended in local medical institutions as well as in LTCFs for correlative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chi Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Huang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Yen Lin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Mu Hsu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Center for Innovative on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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16
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SKOWRON KRZYSZTOF, WAŁECKA-ZACHARKSA EWA, GRUDLEWSKA KATARZYNA, WIKTORCZYK NATALIA, KACZMAREK AGNIESZKA, GRYŃ GRZEGORZ, KWIECIŃSKA-PIRÓG JOANNA, JUSZCZUK KLAUDIA, PALUSZAK ZBIGNIEW, KOSEK-PASZKOWSKA KATARZYNA, GOSPODAREK-KOMKOWSKA EUGENIA. Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Milk and Humans and the Possibility of Milk-Borne Strains Transmission. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 68:353-369. [PMID: 31880881 PMCID: PMC7256720 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2019-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological factor of listeriosis. The main source of these organisms is food, including dairy products. The aim was to determine the multiple correlations between the drug susceptibility, virulence genes (VGs), and biofilm formation on silicone teat cups of milk-borne and human L. monocytogenes strains. The spread of L. monocytogenes via contaminated teat rubbers was assessed. The L. monocytogenes strains recovered from milk (18), human blood (10), and the reference strain ATCC®19111™ were used in the study. Penicillin resistance was the most prevalent resistance in the milk isolates (n=8; 44.4%), whereas among clinical strains erythromycin resistance was predominating - (n=6; 60%). The most frequent VGs among strains isolated from milk were hlyA (100%) and plcB (100%) whereas in strains isolated from blood - hlyA (100%) and prfA (90%). All tested VGs were present in 50% of blood isolates and 11% of milk-borne strains. The strains isolated from milk formed a significantly stronger biofilm. The strains with more numerous virulence genes were resistant to more antibiotics and formed a stronger biofilm. It was shown that contaminated teat cups might contribute to the transmission of L. monocytogenes in the herd. It seems reasonable to monitor the occurrence of L. monocytogenes biofilm in a dairy processing environment. Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological factor of listeriosis. The main source of these organisms is food, including dairy products. The aim was to determine the multiple correlations between the drug susceptibility, virulence genes (VGs), and biofilm formation on silicone teat cups of milk-borne and human L. monocytogenes strains. The spread of L. monocytogenes via contaminated teat rubbers was assessed. The L. monocytogenes strains recovered from milk (18), human blood (10), and the reference strain ATCC®19111™ were used in the study. Penicillin resistance was the most prevalent resistance in the milk isolates (n=8; 44.4%), whereas among clinical strains erythromycin resistance was predominating – (n=6; 60%). The most frequent VGs among strains isolated from milk were hlyA (100%) and plcB (100%) whereas in strains isolated from blood – hlyA (100%) and prfA (90%). All tested VGs were present in 50% of blood isolates and 11% of milk-borne strains. The strains isolated from milk formed a significantly stronger biofilm. The strains with more numerous virulence genes were resistant to more antibiotics and formed a stronger biofilm. It was shown that contaminated teat cups might contribute to the transmission of L. monocytogenes in the herd. It seems reasonable to monitor the occurrence of L. monocytogenes biofilm in a dairy processing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- KRZYSZTOF SKOWRON
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - EWA WAŁECKA-ZACHARKSA
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - KATARZYNA GRUDLEWSKA
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - NATALIA WIKTORCZYK
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - AGNIESZKA KACZMAREK
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - GRZEGORZ GRYŃ
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research Institute, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - JOANNA KWIECIŃSKA-PIRÓG
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - KLAUDIA JUSZCZUK
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - ZBIGNIEW PALUSZAK
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - KATARZYNA KOSEK-PASZKOWSKA
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - EUGENIA GOSPODAREK-KOMKOWSKA
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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17
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Zhang Y, Dong S, Chen H, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Xu Z, Zhan L, Mei L. Prevalence, Genotypic Characteristics and Antibiotic Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes From Retail Foods in Bulk in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1710. [PMID: 31402906 PMCID: PMC6672743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen causing public concern. A total of 3354 retail foods in bulk were sampled and screened for L. monocytogenes. Seventy-three (2.2%) samples including 21 ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and 52 raw foods were confirmed positive for L. monocytogenes. Sushi and salmon sashimi occupied the top two slots in RTE foods with relatively high presence rate of 12.9 and 6.9%, respectively. Meanwhile, L. monocytogenes was found to be distributed unequally in raw foods; the presence rates in raw meat (3.5%) and poultry (3.8%) were significantly higher than that in raw seafood (1.3%). Notably, L. monocytogenes was not detected in raw freshwater food. The L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to four serotypes, 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b, with the most prevalent serotype being 1/2a (47.9%). Eighteen sequence types (STs) and eighteen virulence types (VTs) containing four newly assigned VTs (VT180, VT181, VT182, and VT183) were determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (MVLST). Among the 73 L. monocytogenes isolates, 23 (31.5%) belonged to epidemic clones (ECs) including ECI, ECIV, ECV, ECVI, ECVIII and ECXI among which ECV was predominant. Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed a high resistance rate (11.0%) to tetracycline. Moreover, we identified the distribution patterns of virulence genes of four Listeria pathogenicity islands (LIPI) in L. monocytogenes isolates. prfA, hly, plcA, plcB, mpl, actA genes in LIPI-1 and inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ genes in LIPI-2 were detected in approximately all L. monocytogenes isolates. The distribution of both LIPI-3 genes and LIPI-4 genes exhibited association with lineage and ST. LIPI-4 genes were present exclusively in ST87 isolates. Relatedness analysis revealed the absence of distinct association between STs, ECs, LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 distribution and specific food groups. This study provided fundamental data for Chinese food safety authorities to grasp the contamination status of L. monocytogenes in foods, assess the potential risk of this pathogen and further address the safety issue of retail foods in bulk in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shilei Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghu Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiancai Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Zhan
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Mei
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Shakuntala I, Das S, Ghatak S, Milton AAP, Sanjukta R, Puro KU, Pegu RK, Duarah A, Barbuddhe SB, Sen A. Prevalence, characterization, and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from foods of animal origin in North East India. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2019.1617167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingudam Shakuntala
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Samir Das
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sandeep Ghatak
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | | | - Rajkumari Sanjukta
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Kekungu-U Puro
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Raj Kumar Pegu
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Aparajita Duarah
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | | | - Arnab Sen
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
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19
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Jaguezeski AM, Souza CF, Perin G, Reis JH, Gomes TMA, Baldissera MD, Vaucher RA, de Andrade CM, Stefani LM, Gundel SS, Ourique AF, Da Silva AS. Effect of free and nano-encapsulated curcumin on treatment and energetic metabolism of gerbils infected by Listeria monocytogenes. Microb Pathog 2019; 134:103564. [PMID: 31163248 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections require special care since the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat them has been linked to the emergence of resistant strains. In this sense, phytoterapeutic alternatives such as curcumin and its nanocapsules have emerged as a promising supplement in optimizing availability of bioactives and reducing the development of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the effects of pure and nanoencapsulated curcumin in the treatment of experimental listeriosis in gerbils regarding many aspects including antibacterial effect, antioxidant mechanisms involved and the energetic metabolism. Four groups were used containing 6 animals each: T0 (control), T1 (infected), T2 (infected and treated with free curcumin - dose of 30 mg/kg/day) and T3 (infected and treated with nanocapsules containing curcumin - a dose of 3 mg/kg/day). Treated animals received curcumin for 6 consecutive days starting 24 h after Listeria monocytogenes infection. All animals were euthanized on the 12th day after L. monocytogenes infection. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) identified L. monocytogenes DNA in the spleens of all animals of the T1 group, as well as T2 (2 out of 6) and T3 (5 out of 6). The weight of the spleens confirmed the infection, since it was larger in the T1 group, differing statistically from T0, and similarly to T2 and T3. Hepatic histopathological examination showed mild infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, except for the T3 group (only 1/6). In the liver, the pyruvate kinase activity was higher in T1 and T2 compared to T0 and T3. The adenylate kinase activity did not differ between groups. The Na+/K+ATPase activity was lower in T1 group compared to T0 and T3. Lipoperoxidation was lower in the T3 group compared to groups T0, T1 and T2. The antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals was higher in T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to T0. In conclusion, free curcumin showed potent antibacterial effects; however, the nanoencapsulated form was able to minimize the effects caused by L. monocytogenes regarding tissue injury, changes on enzymes of the energetic metabolism, in addition to an antioxidant effect against lipoperoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonise M Jaguezeski
- Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gessica Perin
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João H Reis
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Teane M A Gomes
- Laboratory of Pathology Veterinary, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), RS, Brazil
| | | | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Science and Technology, UDESC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Samanta S Gundel
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline F Ourique
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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20
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Jamshidi A, Zeinali T. Significance and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes in Poultry Products. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2019; 2019:7835253. [PMID: 31139641 PMCID: PMC6500651 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7835253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most common foodborne pathogens. Poultry meat and products are of the main vehicles of pathogenic strains of L. monocytogenes for human. Poultry products are part of the regular diet of people and, due to nutrient content, more content of protein, and less content of fat, gain more attention. In comparison with red meat, poultry meat is more economical. So, it had a greater rate of consumption especially in barbecue form in which the growth of bacterium is favored. Subtyping of L. monocytogenes isolates is essential for epidemiological investigation and for identification of the source of contamination. In the following review, the main facet of presence of L. monocytogenes in poultry will be discussed. Most pathogenic serotypes of L. monocytogenes were detected in different products of poultry meat. Unfortunately, these isolated pathogens had sometimes resistance to commonly used antibiotics which were used for treatment of human infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jamshidi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Zeinali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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21
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Reddy B, Dubey SK. River Ganges water as reservoir of microbes with antibiotic and metal ion resistance genes: High throughput metagenomic approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:443-451. [PMID: 30579213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The large scale usage of antibiotics and trace elements leads to their progressive release in the environment, and ultimately the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and metal ion resistance genes (MRGs) in bacteria. A high-throughput metagenomic sequencing of the microbial community in water and sediments in the river Ganges harboring resistance genes was performed. The results revealed that the river harbors a broad spectrum of resistance genes with high abundance in sediments. The highly dominant ARGs type was beta-lactam, multidrug/efflux and elfamycin. The ARGs such as (tuf, parY, ileS, mfd) were highly abundant in water and sediments. The MRGs subtype acn was the most abundant metal resistance gene in water and sediments. Majority of ARGs types showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive correlation with the MRGs types in the river environment suggesting their distribution and transfer to be possibly linked. Taxonomic classification revealed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the two most abundant phyla in water and sediments. Arcobacter, Terrimicrobium, Acidibacter and Pseudomonas were the most abundant genera. This study suggests that antibiotics and metals are the driving force for the emergence of resistance genes, and their subsequent propagation and accumulation in the environmental bacteria. The present metagenomic investigation highlights significance of such study, and attracts attention for the mitigation of pollutants associated with the propagation of ARGs and MRGs in the river environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Reddy
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Listeria monocytogenes in Milk: Occurrence and Recent Advances in Methods for Inactivation. BEVERAGES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages5010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Milk is one of the most important food items consumed by humans worldwide. In addition to its nutritional importance, milk is an excellent culture medium for microorganisms, which may include pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). Traditional processing of milk for direct consumption is based on thermal treatments that efficiently eliminate pathogens, including pasteurization or sterilization. However, the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in milk as a consequence of failures in the pasteurization process or postpasteurization contamination is still a matter of concern. In recent years, consumer demand for minimally processed milk has increased due to the perception of better sensory and nutritional qualities of the products. This review deals with the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in milk in the last 10 years, including regulatory aspects, and recent advances in technologies for the inactivation of this pathogen in milk. The results from studies on nonthermal technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, ultrasounds, and ultraviolet irradiation, are discussed, considering their potential application in milk processing plants.
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Arslan S, Baytur S. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance ofListeriaspecies and subtyping and virulence factors ofListeria monocytogenesfrom retail meat. J Food Saf 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seza Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesBolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Gölköy/Bolu Turkey
| | - Selin Baytur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesBolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Gölköy/Bolu Turkey
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Lapworth DJ, Das P, Shaw A, Mukherjee A, Civil W, Petersen JO, Gooddy DC, Wakefield O, Finlayson A, Krishan G, Sengupta P, MacDonald AM. Deep urban groundwater vulnerability in India revealed through the use of emerging organic contaminants and residence time tracers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:938-949. [PMID: 29949845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Demand for groundwater in urban centres across Asia continues to rise with ever deeper wells being drilled to avoid shallow contamination. The vulnerability of deep alluvial aquifers to contaminant migration is assessed in the ancient city of Varanasi, India, using a novel combination of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) and groundwater residence time tracers (CFC and SF6). Both shallow and intermediate depth private sources (<100 m) and deep (>100 m) municipal groundwater supplies were found to be contaminated with a range of EOCs including pharmaceuticals (e.g. sulfamethoxazole, 77% detection frequency, range <0.0001-0.034 μg L-1), perfluoroalkyl substances (e.g. PFOS, range <0.0001-0.033 μg L-1) as well as a number of pesticides (e.g. phenoxyacetic acid, range <0.02-0.21 μg L-1). The profile of EOCs found in groundwater mirror those found in surface waters, albeit at lower concentrations, and reflect common waste water sources with attenuation in the subsurface. Mean groundwater residence times were found to be comparable between some deep groundwater and shallow groundwater sources with residence times ranging from >70 to 30 years. Local variations in aquifer geology influence the extent of modern recharge at depth. Both tracers provide compelling evidence of significant inputs of younger groundwater to depth >100 m within the aquifer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Lapworth
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK.
| | - P Das
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT-Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - A Shaw
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT-Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - A Mukherjee
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT-Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - W Civil
- National Laboratory Service, Star Cross, Exeter, EX6 8FD, UK
| | - J O Petersen
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - D C Gooddy
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - O Wakefield
- British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - A Finlayson
- British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK
| | - G Krishan
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P Sengupta
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT-Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - A M MacDonald
- British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK
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Prevalence and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates in Raw Milk, Heated Milk and Nunu, a Spontaneously Fermented Milk Beverage, in Ghana. BEVERAGES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages4020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Soni DK, Ahmad R, Dubey SK. Biosensor for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes: emerging trends. Crit Rev Microbiol 2018; 44:590-608. [PMID: 29790396 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2018.1473331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The early detection of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) and understanding the disease burden is of paramount interest. The failure to detect pathogenic bacteria in the food industry may have terrible consequences, and poses deleterious effects on human health. Therefore, integration of methods to detect and trace the route of pathogens along the entire food supply network might facilitate elucidation of the main contamination sources. Recent research interest has been oriented towards the development of rapid and affordable pathogen detection tools/techniques. An innovative and new approach like biosensors has been quite promising in revealing the foodborne pathogens. In spite of the existing knowledge, advanced research is still needed to substantiate the expeditious nature and sensitivity of biosensors for rapid and in situ analysis of foodborne pathogens. This review summarizes recent developments in optical, piezoelectric, cell-based, and electrochemical biosensors for Listeria sp. detection in clinical diagnostics, food analysis, and environmental monitoring, and also lists their drawbacks and advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Soni
- a Department of Botany, Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- b Sensors Lab, Electrical Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- a Department of Botany, Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
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Soni DK, Ghosh A, Chikara SK, Singh KM, Joshi CG, Dubey SK. Comparative whole genome analysis of Listeria monocytogenes 4b strains reveals least genome diversification irrespective of their niche specificity. GENE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk, milking equipment and dairy workers: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 10:264-270. [PMID: 28739228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic relatedness and patterns of antimicrobial resistance amongst L. monocytogenes isolated from raw milk, milking equipment, and hand swabs from workers in dairy farms. METHODS A total of 300 samples of raw milk, milking equipment, and hand swabs were collected from four dairy farms to examine the presence of Listeria species. Suspected isolates were further identified by VITEK-2 system and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility of the L. monocytogenes isolates was determined, and genotyping analysis was performed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). RESULTS Listeria spp. was isolated from 79 (26.3%) of the 300 samples, including 29 (36.7%), 32 (40.5%), and 18 (22.8%) isolates found in raw milk, milking equipment, and hand swabs, respectively. L. monocytogenes was the most common isolated (87.3%) species, while the remaining Listeria isolates were L. innocua (12.7%). Among the 69 L. monocytogenes isolates, 42 (60.8%) showed the mutual presence of hlyA, prfA, inlA, and inlB virulence-associated genes. L. monocytogenes isolates from raw milk, milking equipment, and hand swabs showed high genetic relatedness. The potentially virulent L. monocytogenes isolates were most frequently resistance to tetracycline and clindamycin (81%, each) followed by rifampicin (71.4%), whereas, antimicrobial susceptibility was most frequently observed for ampicillin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid, and tigecycline (100%, each). Furthermore, 88% of L. monocytogenes isolates showed multidrug-resistance. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study show that the contamination of dairy farms with L. monocytogenes is relatively high, and highlight the emergence of multi-drug resistant L. monocytogenes in dairy farms. However, ampicillin is a good choice for treatment of listeriosis in the study area.
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HASEBE R, NAKAO R, OHNUMA A, YAMASAKI T, SAWA H, TAKAI S, HORIUCHI M. Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains replicate in monocytes/macrophages more than the other serotypes. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:962-969. [PMID: 28420823 PMCID: PMC5487799 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the pathogenicity of various serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes using a Balb/c mouse intravenous injection model. The survival rates of mice inoculated with strains NS1/2b (serotype 1/2b), NS3b (serotype 3b) and NS 4b (serotype 4b) were 60, 63.6 and 63.6%, respectively. Although the survival rates were similar, the bacterial growth in the liver of NS3b-infected mice was 144.5-fold higher than that in the liver of NS4b-infected mice. Histopathological analyses suggest that the NS4b strain replicated more in monocytes/macrophages, whereas the NS3b strain replicated more in hepatocytes. These results raise a possibility that the serotype 4b strains replicated more in monocytes/macrophages compared to the other serotype strains. To assess this, we isolated CD11b-positive cells from mouse livers infected with EGDe (serotype 1/2a), NS1/2b, NS3b, NS4b and the serotype 4b strains 51414 and F17 and counted the number of live bacteria in these cells. CD11b-positive cells from the NS4b-, 51414- and F17-infected mice possessed 24.4- to 42.7-fold higher numbers of live bacteria than those from mice infected with EGDe and NS3b strains. These results suggest that serotype 4b strains replicated more in monocytes/macrophages than the other serotypes, and this may be involved in the pathogenicity of serotype 4b strains, particularly in the dissemination of L. monocytogenes through the host body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie HASEBE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of
Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ryo NAKAO
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Graduate School of
Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Aiko OHNUMA
- Administration Office, Hokkaido University Research Center
for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Takeshi YAMASAKI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of
Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hirofumi SAWA
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Hokkaido University
Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shinji TAKAI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori 034-0021, Japan
| | - Motohiro HORIUCHI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of
Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Sharma S, Sharma V, Dahiya DK, Khan A, Mathur M, Sharma A. Prevalence, Virulence Potential, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated From Bovine Raw Milk Samples Obtained From Rajasthan, India. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2017; 14:132-140. [PMID: 28085487 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a serious foodborne disease of a global concern, and can effectively be controlled by a continuous surveillance of the virulent and multidrug-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes. This study was planned to investigate prevalence of L. monocytogenes in bovine raw milk samples. A total of 457 raw milk samples collected from 15 major cities in Rajasthan, India, were analyzed for the presence of L. monocytogenes by using standard microbiological and molecular methods. Five of the 457 samples screen tested positive for L. monocytogenes. Multiplex serotyping showed that 3/5 strains belonged to serotype 4b followed by one strain each to 1/2a and to 1/2c. Further virulence potential assessment indicated that all strains possessed inlA and inlC internalins, and, in addition, two strains also possessed the gene for inlB. All strains were positive for Listeriolysin O (LLO) and showed phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) activity on an in vitro agar medium with variations in production levels among the strains. A good correlation between the in vitro pathogenicity test and the chick embryo test was observed, as the strains showing higher LLO and PI-PLC activity were found to be lethal to fertilized chick embryos. All strains were resistant to the majority of antibiotics and were designated as multidrug-resistant strains. However, these strains were susceptible to 9 of the 22 tested antibiotics. The maximum zone of inhibition (mm) and acceptable minimum inhibitory concentration were observed with azithromycin, and thus it could be the first choice of a treatment. Overall, the presence of multidrug-resistant L. monocytogenes strains in the raw milk of Rajasthan region is an indicator of public health hazard and highlighting the need of consumer awareness in place and implementation of stricter food safety regulations at all levels of milk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjita Sharma
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vishnu Sharma
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Dahiya
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aarif Khan
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manisha Mathur
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research , Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Nguyen TT, Van Giau V, Vo TK. Multiplex PCR for simultaneous identification of E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes in food. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:205. [PMID: 28330283 PMCID: PMC5042906 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid detection of pathogens in food is becoming increasingly critical for ensuring the safety of consumers, since the majority of food-borne illnesses and deaths are caused by pathogenic bacteria. Hence, rapid, sensitive, inexpensive and convenient approaches to detect food-borne pathogenic bacteria is essential in controlling food safety. In this study, a multiplex PCR assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes was established. The invA, stx and hlyA genes specifically amplified DNA fragments of 284, 404 and 510 bp from Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene was targeted as an internal control gene in the presence of bacterial DNA. The specificity and sensitivity of the multiplex PCR were performed by testing different strains. The multiplex PCR assay was able to specifically simultaneously detect ten colony-forming unit/mL of each pathogen in artificially inoculated samples after enrichment for 12 h. The whole process took less than 24 h to complete, indicating that the assay is suitable for reliable and rapid identification of these three food-borne pathogens, which could be suitable in microbial epidemiology investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), 475A Dien Bien Phu Street, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Faculty of Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI), 140 Le Trong Tan, Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea.
| | - Tuong Kha Vo
- Vietnam Sports Hospital, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Do Xuan Hop Road, My Dinh I Ward, Nam Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Osman KM, Samir A, Abo-Shama UH, Mohamed EH, Orabi A, Zolnikov T. Determination of virulence and antibiotic resistance pattern of biofilm producing Listeria species isolated from retail raw milk. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:263. [PMID: 27821054 PMCID: PMC5100219 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the foodborne pathogens is Listeria monocytogenes, which causes serious invasive illness in elderly and immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, newborns and infants ranking second after salmonellosis because of its high case fatality rate. Listerial cow mastitis marked by abnormal milk, increased cell counts and reduced production has not been reported. Therefore, apparently healthy cows can be reservoirs of L. monocytogenes. A number of 203 udder milk samples from apparently healthy animals (buffalo, n = 100; cow, n = 103) were collected and tested for Listeria. Isolated colonies on the PALCAM agar were Listeria species confirmed according to their biochemical and the Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen (CAMP) reactions. The Listeria species pathogenicity of was tested by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, DL-alanine-β-naphthylamide HCl, Dalanine-p-nitroanilide tests, chick embryo, mice inoculation tests, Vero cell cytotoxicity and biofilm formation. The virulence-associated genes, hlyA, plcB, actA and iap associated with Listeria were molecularly assayed. RESULTS The 17 isolated Listeria spp. represented a prevalence rate of 8.4 %. Of these 3 (1.4 %), 2 (1 %), 5 (2.5 %), 4 (2 %) and 3 (1.5 %) were confirmed as L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. seelegeri, respectively. While the L. monocytogenes isolate displayed all the four virulence-associated genes, L. seelegeri carried the hlyA gene only. The L. monocytogenes had a strong in vitro affinity to form a biofilm, in particular serotype 4 which is associated with human infections. L. monocytogenes showed resistance for 9/27 antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS The biofilm forming capability of the Listeria spps. makes them particularly successful in colonizing surfaces within the host thus being responsible for persistence infections and due to their antimicrobial resistant phenotype that this structure confers. In addition, strains belonging to serotypes associated with human infections and characterized by pathogenic potential (serotype 4) are capable to persist within the processing plants forming biofilm and thus being a medical hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamelia M. Osman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Samir
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Usama H. Abo-Shama
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Essam H. Mohamed
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Orabi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tara Zolnikov
- North Dakota State University, Developmental Science, Fargo, ND 58102 USA
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Prevalence and molecular characterization of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fish, shrimp, and cooked ready-to-eat (RTE) aquatic products in Iran. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Pinheiro J, Reis O, Vieira A, Moura IM, Zanolli Moreno L, Carvalho F, Pucciarelli MG, García-Del Portillo F, Sousa S, Cabanes D. Listeria monocytogenes encodes a functional ESX-1 secretion system whose expression is detrimental to in vivo infection. Virulence 2016; 8:993-1004. [PMID: 27723420 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1244589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogenicity deeply depends on the ability to secrete virulence factors that bind specific targets on host cells and manipulate host responses. The Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a human foodborne pathogen that remains a serious public health concern. To transport proteins across its cell envelope, this facultative intracellular pathogen engages a set of specialized secretion systems. Here we show that L. monocytogenes EGDe uses a specialized secretion system, named ESX-1, to secrete EsxA, a homolog of the virulence determinants ESAT-6 and EsxA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Our data show that the L. monocytogenes ESX-1 secretion system and its substrates are dispensable for bacterial invasion and intracellular multiplication in eukaryotic cell lines. Surprisingly, we found that the EssC-dependent secretion of EsxA has a detrimental effect on L. monocytogenes in vivo infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pinheiro
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal.,c Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Olga Reis
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal.,c Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal
| | - Ines M Moura
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal
| | - Luisa Zanolli Moreno
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal.,d Laboratório de Saúde Pública , Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Filipe Carvalho
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal.,c Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - M Graciela Pucciarelli
- e Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.,f Departamento de Biología Molecular , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Sandra Sousa
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal
| | - Didier Cabanes
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Group of Molecular Microbiology , Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC , Porto , Portugal
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Nowakiewicz A, Zięba P, Ziółkowska G, Gnat S, Muszyńska M, Tomczuk K, Majer Dziedzic B, Ulbrych Ł, Trościańczyk A. Free-Living Species of Carnivorous Mammals in Poland: Red Fox, Beech Marten, and Raccoon as a Potential Reservoir of Salmonella, Yersinia, Listeria spp. and Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155533. [PMID: 27171434 PMCID: PMC4865137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to examine a population of free-living carnivorous mammals most commonly found in Poland (red fox, beech marten, and raccoon) for the occurrence of bacteria that are potentially pathogenic for humans and other animal species and to determine their virulence potential (the presence of selected virulence genes). From the total pool of isolates obtained (n = 328), we selected 90 belonging to species that pose the greatest potential threat to human health: Salmonella spp. (n = 19; 4.51%), Yersinia enterocolitica (n = 10; 2.37%), Listeria monocytogenes and L. ivanovii (n = 21), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 40; 9.5%). The Salmonella spp. isolates represented three different subspecies; S. enterica subsp. enterica accounted for a significant proportion (15/19), and most of the serotypes isolated (S. Typhimurium, S. Infantis, S. Newport and S. Enteritidis) were among the 10 non-typhoidal Salmonella serotypes that are most often responsible for infections in Europe, including Poland. Y. enterococlitica was detected in the smallest percentage of animals, but 60% of strains among the isolates tested possessed the ail gene, which is responsible for attachment and invasion. Potentially pathogenic Listeria species were isolated from approx. 5% of the animals. The presence of all tested virulence genes was shown in 35% of L. monocytogenes strains, while in the case of the other strains, the genes occurred in varying numbers and configurations. The presence of the inlA, inlC, hlyA, and iap genes was noted in all strains, whereas the genes encoding PI-PLC, actin, and internalin Imo2821 were present in varying percentages (from 80% to 55%). S. aureus was obtained from 40 individuals. Most isolates possessed the hla, hld (95% for each), and hlb (32.5%) genes encoding hemolysins as well as the gene encoding leukotoxin lukED (70%). In a similar percentage of strains (77.5%), the presence of at least one gene encoding enterotoxin was found, with 12.5% exhibiting the presence of egc-like variants. In two animals, we also noted the gene encoding the TSST-1 toxin. The results of the study showed that free-living animals may be a significant reservoir of bacteria that are potentially pathogenic for humans. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that, among the animals species studied, the red fox constitutes the most important source of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Nowakiewicz
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Grażyna Ziółkowska
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Tomczuk
- Sub-Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Majer Dziedzic
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Trościańczyk
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
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Nyarko EB, Donnelly CW. Listeria monocytogenes: Strain Heterogeneity, Methods, and Challenges of Subtyping. J Food Sci 2015; 80:M2868-78. [PMID: 26588067 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that is associated with 20% to 30% case fatality rate. L. monocytogenes is a genetically heterogeneous species, with a small fraction of strains (serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 4b) implicated in human listeriosis. Monitoring and source tracking of L. monocytogenes involve the use of subtyping methods, with the performance of genetic-based methods found to be superior to phenotypic-based ones. Various methods have been used to subtype L. monocytogenes isolates, with the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) being the gold standard. Although PFGE has had a massive impact on food safety through the establishment of the PulseNet, there is no doubt that whole genome sequence (WGS) typing is accurate, has a discriminatory power superior to any known method, and allows genome-wide differences between strains to be quantified through the comparison of nucleotide sequences. This review focuses on the different techniques that have been used to type L. monocytogenes strains, their performance challenges, and the tremendous impact WGS typing could have on the food safety landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmond B Nyarko
- Dept. of Animal and Food Science, Univ. of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, 531 S. College Avenue, Newark, Del., 19716, U.S.A
| | - Catherine W Donnelly
- Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Univ. of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, 256 Carrigan Wing, Burlington, Vt., 05405, U.S.A
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Strydom A, Witthuhn CR. Listeria monocytogenes: A Target for Bacteriophage Biocontrol. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Strydom
- Dept. of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology; Univ. of the Free State; Private Bag 339 Bloemfontein 9300 South Africa
| | - Corli R. Witthuhn
- Dept. of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology; Univ. of the Free State; Private Bag 339 Bloemfontein 9300 South Africa
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Listeria monocytogenes Prevalence and Characteristics in Retail Raw Foods in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136682. [PMID: 26317852 PMCID: PMC4552630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and levels of Listeria monocytogenes in retail raw foods covering most provincial capitals in China were studied with testing of 1036 samples of vegetables, edible mushrooms, raw meat, aquatic products and quick-frozen products from September 2012 to January 2014. The total prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes was 20.0% (207/1036), and the most probable number (MPN) values of 65.7% of the positive samples ranged from 0.3 to 110 MPN/g. Geographical differences were observed in this survey, and the results of both qualitative and quantitative methods indicated that the levels in the samples from North China were higher than those in the samples from South China. A total of 248 isolates were analyzed, of which approximately half belonged to molecular serogroup 1/2a-3a (45.2%), followed by 1/2b-3b-7 (30.6%), 1/2c-3c (16.1%), 4b-4d-4e (5.2%) and 4a-4c (2.8%). Most of the isolates carried hly (100%), inlB (98.8%), inlA (99.6%), inlC (98.0%) and inlJ (99.2%), and 44.8% of the isolates were llsX-positive. Seventeen epidemic clones (ECs) were detected, with 7 strains belonging to ECI (2.8%) and 10 belonging to ECIII (4.03%). Resistance to clindamycin (46.8%) was commonly observed, and 59 strains (23.8%) were susceptible to all 14 tested antibiotics, whereas 84 (33.9%) showed an intermediate level of resistance or were resistant to two or more antibiotics, including 7 multi-resistant strains that exhibited resistance to more than 10 antibiotics. The data obtained in the present study provides useful information for assessment of the possible risk posed to Chinese consumers, and this information will have a significant public health impact in China. Furthermore, the presence of virulence markers, epidemic clones, as well as the antibiotic resistance amongst the isolates strongly implies that many of these strains might be capable of causing listeriosis, and more accurate treatment of human listeriosis with effective antibiotics should be considered. This research represents a more full-scale and systematical investigation of the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in retail raw foods in China, and it provides baseline information for Chinese regulatory authorities that will aid in the formulation of a regulatory framework for controlling L. monocytogenes with the aim of improving the microbiological safety of raw foods.
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Soni DK, Singh DV, Dubey SK. Pregnancy - associated human listeriosis: Virulence and genotypic analysis of Listeria monocytogenes from clinical samples. J Microbiol 2015; 53:653-60. [PMID: 26231373 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-015-5243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a life-threatening pathogen, poses severe risk during pregnancy, may cause abortion, fetal death or neonatal morbidity in terms of septicemia and meningitis. The present study aimed at characterizing L. monocytogenes isolated from pregnant women based on serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence genes, in vivo pathogenicity test and ERIC- and REP-PCR fingerprint analyses. The results revealed that out of 3700 human clinical samples, a total of 30 (0.81%) isolates [12 (0.80%) from placental bit (1500), 18 (0.81%) from vaginal swab (2200)] were positive for L. monocytogenes. All the isolates belonged to serogroup 4b, and were + ve for virulence genes tested i.e. inlA, inlC, inlJ, plcA, prfA, actA, hlyA, and iap. Based on the mice inoculation tests, 20 isolates showed 100% and 4 isolates 60% relative virulence while 6 isolates were non-pathogenic. Moreover, 2 and 10 isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and cefoxitin, respectively, while the rest susceptible to other antibiotics used in this study. ERIC- and REP-PCR collectively depicted that the isolates from placental bit and vaginal swab had distinct PCR fingerprints except a few isolates with identical patterns. This study demonstrates prevalence of pathogenic strains mostly resistant to cefoxitin and/or ciprofloxacin. The results indicate the importance of isolating and characterizing the pathogen from human clinical samples as the pre-requisite for accurate epidemiological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Soni
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Dhama K, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Shabbir MZ, Barbuddhe S, Malik SVS, Singh RK. Listeriosis in animals, its public health significance (food-borne zoonosis) and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2015; 35:211-35. [PMID: 26073265 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1063023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is an infectious and fatal disease of animals, birds, fish, crustaceans and humans. It is an important food-borne zoonosis caused by Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular pathogen with unique potential to spread from cell to cell, thereby crossing blood-brain, intestinal and placental barriers. The organism possesses a pile of virulence factors that help to infect the host and evade from host immune machinery. Though disease occurrence is sporadic throughout the world, it can result in severe damage during an outbreak. Listeriosis is characterized by septicaemia, encephalitis, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, abortion, stillbirth, perinatal infections and gastroenteritis with the incubation period varying with the form of infection. L. monocytogenes has been isolated worldwide from humans, animals, poultry, environmental sources like soil, river, decaying plants, and food sources like milk, meat and their products, seafood and vegetables. Since appropriate vaccines are not available and infection is mainly transmitted through foods in humans and animals, hygienic practices can prevent its spread. The present review describes etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, post-mortem lesions, pathogenesis, public health significance, and advances in diagnosis, vaccines and treatment of this disease. Special attention has been given to novel as well as prospective emerging therapies that include bacteriophage and cytokine therapy, avian egg yolk antibodies and herbal therapy. Various vaccines, including advances in recombinant and DNA vaccines and their modes of eliciting immune response, are also discussed. Due focus has also been given regarding appropriate prevention and control strategies to be adapted for better management of this zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- a Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122 , UP , India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- b Division of Bacteriology and Mycology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122 , UP , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- c Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology , College of Veterinary Sciences , Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura 281001 , India
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- d Quality Operations Laboratory , University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Sukhadeo Barbuddhe
- e Indian Council of Agricultural Research Complex for Goa , Old Goa, Goa 403402, India
| | - Satya Veer Singh Malik
- f Division of Veterinary Public Health , Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122 , UP , India
| | - Raj Kumar Singh
- g Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122 , UP , India
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Nayak DN, Savalia CV, Kalyani IH, Kumar R, Kshirsagar DP. Isolation, identification, and characterization of Listeria spp. from various animal origin foods. Vet World 2015; 8:695-701. [PMID: 27065632 PMCID: PMC4825267 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.695-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study was undertaken with the prime objective of isolating and identifying Listeria spp. from various foods of animal origin sold at retail market outlets in the city of Navsari, Gujarat. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 200 samples comprising of milk, milk products, meat, and fish (50 each) collected aseptically from local market which were subjected first to pre-enrichment in half strength Fraser broth followed by enrichment in full strength Fraser broth and subsequent plating on PALCAM agar. The growth with the typical colony characteristics were further identified up to species level on the basis of their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Cultures identified as Listeria monocytogenes were further subjected to in vitro pathogenicity tests and detection of different virulence-associated genes viz. actA, hlyA, and iap using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Of the total 200 food samples of animal origin; 18 (9%) were found positive for Listeria spp. which were identified as Listeria seeligeri (6, 33.3%), Listeria innocua (5, 27.7%), Listeria welshimeri (4, 22.2%), and L. monocytogenes (3, 16.6%). The highest prevalence was observed in milk samples (8). Species wise, 6 isolates of L. seeligeri which included two each from cow milk, buffalo milk, and meat samples; 5 L. innocua isolates included four recovered from fish and one from meat sample; 4 L. welshimeri comprised of two isolates from ice cream and one each from buffalo milk and meat sample; and 3 isolates of L. monocytogenes recovered from milk (1 cow and 2 buffalo milk). All 3 L. monocytogenes isolates screened for the presence of virulence genes viz. actA, hlyA, and iap using the specific primers revealed the presence of all the genes suggesting the possibility of danger of foodborne listeriosis among raw milk consumers. CONCLUSION Listeria spp. was isolated from 9% (18/200) of the animal origin food samples viz.; milk, milk products, meat, and fish with the highest prevalence in the milk samples. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 3 milk samples only. L. seeligeri was the predominant species isolated followed by L. innocua, L. welshimeri, and L. monocytogenes in this study. L. monocytogenes were found to carry virulence genes like actA, hly A, and iap genes suggesting the pathogenic potential of these isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti N. Nayak
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
| | - C. V. Savalia
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
| | - I. H. Kalyani
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
| | - D. P. Kshirsagar
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
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Genotypic characterization, invasion index and antimicrobial resistance pattern in Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical samples. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-6189(15)30024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Sarangi AN, Lohani M, Aggarwal R. Proteome mining for drug target identification in Listeria monocytogenes strain EGD-e and structure-based virtual screening of a candidate drug target penicillin binding protein 4. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 111:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Soni DK, Mishra SK, Prakash R, Dubey SK. Label-free impedimetric detection of Listeria monocytogenes based on poly-5-carboxy indole modified ssDNA probe. J Biotechnol 2015; 200:70-6. [PMID: 25746904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a life threatening pathogenic bacteria concerned with human health. The accurate and rapid detection of L. monocytogenes is required for preventing of listeriosis. In this study, DNA sensing probe based on conducting polymer poly-5-carboxy indole (5C Pin) was developed for the detection of L. monocytogenes hlyA gene responsible for pathogenicity. The probe sequences (24 mer ssDNA) were covalently immobilized on 5C Pin via N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimidehydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The probe having ssDNA was further hybridized with the target DNA sequence. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study was carried out to determine the extent of DNA hybridization over the probe. Significant change was observed in the impedance spectra before and after hybridization of ssDNA immobilized over the probe with the target DNA. RCT (charge transfer resistance) was estimated from the Nyquist plot (impedance plot) for target DNA (hlyA gene) in the solution. RCT vs. logarithmic concentrations of the target (genomic) DNA plot showed a linear range (1 × 10(-4) to 1 × 10(-12)M) in case hybridization was performed under optimized conditions. The method proposed, is simple, free from any label, and highly sensitive for the detection of L. monocytogenes in environmental and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Soni
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Central Instrument Facility Centre, Dr. H.S.G. Central University, Sagar 470003, India
| | - Rajiv Prakash
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Whole-Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Strains from Clinical and Environmental Samples from Varanasi, India. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/1/e01496-14. [PMID: 25657276 PMCID: PMC4319597 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01496-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We present here the whole-genome sequences of Listeria monocytogenes from Ganges River water, agricultural soil, and human clinical samples from Varanasi, India, which will be used for a comparative analysis.
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Shi W, Qingping W, Jumei Z, Moutong C, Zéan Y. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from retail ready-to-eat foods in China. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhan X, Zheng Q, Fu J, Xu J, Cao J. A Rapid Multiplex PCR-DHPLC Method of Detection and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Aquatic Products. J Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhan
- College of Plant protection; Shenyang Agricultural University; Dongling Road No.120, Shenhe District Shenyang 110866 China
| | - Qiuyue Zheng
- Microbiology Laboratory; Liaoning entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau; Changjiang East Road No.60 Zhongshan District Dalian 116001 China
| | - Junfan Fu
- College of Plant protection; Shenyang Agricultural University; Dongling Road No.120, Shenhe District Shenyang 110866 China
| | - Junyi Xu
- Microbiology Laboratory; Liaoning entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau; Changjiang East Road No.60 Zhongshan District Dalian 116001 China
| | - Jijuan Cao
- Microbiology Laboratory; Liaoning entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau; Changjiang East Road No.60 Zhongshan District Dalian 116001 China
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Phylogenetic analysis of the Listeria monocytogenes based on sequencing of 16S rRNA and hlyA genes. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:8219-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Soni DK, Singh M, Singh DV, Dubey SK. Virulence and genotypic characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from vegetable and soil samples. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:241. [PMID: 25195727 PMCID: PMC4172985 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-014-0241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen is ubiquitous to different environments including the agroecosystem. The organism poses serious public health problem. Therefore, an attempt has been made to gain further insight to their antibiotic susceptibility, serotypes and the virulence genes. Results Out of the 10 vegetables selected, 6 (brinjal, cauliflower, dolichos-bean, tomato, chappan-kaddu and chilli), 20 isolates (10%) tested positive for L. monocytogenes. The prevalence of the pathogen in the respective rhizosphere soil samples was 5%. Noticeably, L. monocytogenes was absent from only cabbage, broccoli, palak and cowpea, and also the respective rhizospheric soils. The 30 isolates + ve for pathogenicity, belonged to serogroup 4b, 4d or 4e, and all were positive for inlA, inlC, inlJ, plcA, prfA, actA, hlyA and iap gene except one (VC3) among the vegetable isolates that lacked the plcA gene. ERIC- and REP-PCR collectively revealed that isolates from vegetables and their respective rhizospheric soils had distinct PCR fingerprints. Conclusions The study demonstrates the prevalence of pathogenic L. monocytogenes in the selected agricultural farm samples. The increase in the number of strains resistant to ciprofloxacin and/or cefoxitin seems to pose serious public health consequences.
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Penduka D, Mosa R, Simelane M, Basson A, Okoh A, Opoku A. Evaluation of the anti-Listeria potentials of some plant-derived triterpenes. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2014; 13:37. [PMID: 25056181 PMCID: PMC4115164 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-014-0037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listeriosis is a fatal disease caused by pathogenic Listeria bacteria and it is most prevalent in immune-compromised individuals. The increase in numbers of immune-compromised individuals against a background of Listeria antibiotic resistance, limits listeriosis treatment options. This therefore calls for research into substitute treatments, of which, medicinal plants derived compounds offer a viable alternative. METHODS The broth microdilution assay was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of three plant triterpenes namely 3β-hydroxylanosta-9,24-dien-21-oic acid, methyl-3β-hydroxylanosta-9,24-dien-21-oate and 3β-acetylursolic acid, against Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii and Listeria grayi species. The chequerboard method was used to assess the interactions between the triterpenes and conventional antibiotics: ampicillin, neomycin, gentamicin and penicillin G. The lactate dehydrogenase membrane damage method was used to assess the triterpenes' membrane damaging potentials against the Listeria bacteria. RESULTS The triterpenes' MIC values were found to range from 0.185 to 1.67 mg/ml while, the MBC determination assay results revealed that the test triterpenes were bacteriostatic against the Listeria bacteria. The interactions involving 3β-hydroxylanosta-9,24-dien-21-oic acid were mainly additive with ampicillin and synergistic with neomycin, gentamicin and penicillin G. The interactions involving methyl-3β-hydroxylanosta-9,24-dien-21-oate were mainly antagonistic with ampicillin, indifferent with neomycin, ranging from synergistic to indifference with gentamicin and synergistic with penicillin G. The interactions involving 3β-acetylursolic acid were mainly indifferent with ampicillin, synergistic with neomycin and gentamicin while ranging between synergistic and additive with penicillin G. The low levels of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase released from the cells treated with 4× MIC concentration of the triterpenes in comparison to that of cells treated with 3% Triton X-100 proved that membrane damage was not the mode of action of the triterpenes. CONCLUSION This study therefore shows the potential that these plant triterpenes have in listeriosis chemotherapy especially as shown by the favourable interactions they had with penicillin G, one of the antibiotics of choice in listeriosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dambudzo Penduka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, P Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa.
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