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Huang F, Zhao Y, Chen S, Lin H, Teng J, Cai X, Zhang M. Mg 2+ addition: Unlocking optimized treatment performance and anti-fouling property in microalgal-bacterial membrane bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:171124. [PMID: 38382609 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
While microalgal-bacterial membrane bioreactors (microalgal-bacterial MBRs) have risen as an important technique in the realm of sustainable wastewater treatment, the membrane fouling caused by free microalgae is still a significant challenge to cost-effective operation of the microalgal-bacterial MBRs. Addressing this imperative, the current study investigated the influence of magnesium ion (Mg2+) addition on the biological dynamics and membrane fouling characteristics of the laboratory-scale submerged microalgal-bacterial MBRs. The results showed that Mg2+, important in augmenting photosynthetic process, yielded a biomass concentration of 2.92 ± 0.06 g/L and chlorophyll-a/MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) of 33.95 ± 1.44 mg/g in the RMg (Mg2+ addition test group). Such augmentation culminated in elevated total nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies, clocking 81.73 % and 80.98 % respectively in RMg. Remarkably, despite the enhanced microalgae activity and concentration in RMg, the TMP growth rate declined by a significant 46.8 % compared to R0. Detailed characterizations attributed reduced membrane fouling of RMg to a synergy of enlarged floc size and reduced EPS contents. This transformation is intrinsically linked to the bridging action of Mg2+ and its role in creating a non-stressed ecological environment for the microalgal-bacterial MBR. In conclusion, the addition of Mg2+ in the microalgal-bacterial MBR appears an efficient approach, improving the efficiency of pollutant treatment and mitigating fouling, which potentially revolutionizes cost-effective applications and propels the broader acceptance of microalgal-bacterial MBRs. It also of great importance to promote the development and application of microalgal-bacterial wastewater treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shilei Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiang Cai
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Meijia Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
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Xu B, Lu X, Fu Y, Diao L, Liang H, Bae S, Ng HY, Ma J. Novel use of ferrous iron/peroxymonosulfate for high-performance seawater desalination pretreatment under harmful algal blooms. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120758. [PMID: 37918194 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine harmful algae bloom (HAB) is a growing threat to desalination plants worldwide. This work proposes ferrous iron/peroxymonosulfate (Fe2+/PMS) as a novel pretreatment technology for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) under HAB. Herein, Fe2+/PMS achieved a significantly higher reduction of negative charge of algae-laden seawater as compared to conventional coagulation (i.e., coagulant is Fe3+), which thereby facilitated improved flocculation to remove algal cells, turbidity and algal organics matters (AOMs), and marine Ca2+ (∼430 mg/L) could partially contribute to the enhanced coagulation performance. A new understanding of the improved coagulation efficiency achieved with Fe2+/PMS in seawater has been proposed as compared to freshwater: seawater matrix (e.g., 504 mM Cl-) was demonstrated to significantly enhance the generation of high-valent iron (FeO2+) as the main reactive intermediate instead of the long-recognized Fe3+ and free radicals, as revealed by methyl phenyl sulfoxide (PMSO) probe, radicals scavenging analysis and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. This new mechanism is expected to provide valuable insights for the development of more novel oxidative seawater treatment technologies. Of note, while trade-off between particles and AOMs played an important role in membrane fouling reduction by different dosages of Fe2+/PMS, Fe2+/PMS with an optimal dosage of 0.1 mM/0.05 mM achieved an unprecedentedly higher reduction (95.26%) of modified fouling index (MFI) as compared to conventional coagulation (13.28%-42.36% with 0.1-0.2 mM of Fe3+). Optical-photothermal infrared spectromicroscopy with sub-micron spatial resolution was employed to analyze membrane foulants for the first time, and Fe2+/PMS was found to mainly cause reduced cake layer resistance, which was attributed to the collectively reduced concentration of algae cells, micro-particles with sizes from 2 to 10 µm, humic substances and biopolymers. Moreover, Fe2+/PMS resulted in lower dissolved Fe3+ (<0.027 mg/L) in ultrafiltration (UF) permeate, which would make it more reliable for SWRO operation as compared to conventional coagulation. When energy-intensive dissolved air flotation (DAF) was employed to withstand HAB, Fe2+/PMS outperformed it and was instrumental in achieving reduced MFI with 56.4% lower operational cost. In this context, Fe2+/PMS would facilitate a high-performance and low-cost pretreatment technology for seawater desalination plants under HAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Xu
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yuyao Fu
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Liyue Diao
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Sungwoo Bae
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - How Yong Ng
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Wang W, Li R, Bu F, Gao Y, Gao B, Yue Q, Yang M, Li Y. Coagulation and membrane fouling mechanism of Al species in removing humic acid: Effect of pH and a dynamics process analysis. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abada B, Joag S, Sharma R, Chellam S. Hypersaline produced water clarification by dissolved air flotation and sedimentation with ultrashort residence times. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119241. [PMID: 36279612 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Treatment and reuse of some produced waters is made difficult due to their hypersalinity, high concentrations of myriad other dissolved and suspended components, specialized technology requirements (modularity, portability, and short residence times), and lack of existing information on their processing. In this work, produced water containing ∼100,000 mg/L total dissolved solids from the Permian Basin was coagulated with aluminum chlorohydrate (ACH) and flocculated with an anionic high molecular weight organic polymer prior to dissolved air flotation (DAF) and sedimentation to reduce turbidity to < 4 NTU and iron < 0.8 mg/L (>95% removal in both cases) with a total coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation/flotation residence time of only 5 min. Two advantages of DAF over sedimentation were noted: (i) DAF required only half the dosage of the pre-hydrolyzed ACH coagulant to remove ∼90% of turbidity and iron even without the organic polymeric flocculant and (ii) DAF even operated successfully without ACH coagulation (i.e., using only the organic polymeric flocculant) evidencing its lower chemical dosing needs. Further, DAF attained all water quality and operational goals at a recycle ratio of only 12% demonstrating that it outperformed sedimentation to generate clean brine at relatively reduced excess energies necessary for air saturation. Higher DAF recycle ratios reduced turbidity and iron removal possibly due to floc breakage. Colloids were effectively destabilized by double layer compression (due to high water salinity), charge neutralization (via adsorption of Al13 polycations), and enmeshment (precipitation of amorphous aluminum). They were flocculated via interparticle bridging (by the anionic organic polymeric flocculant) to create large, compact flocs facilitating ultrashort flotation/sedimentation times. Direct evidence for these individual coagulation and flocculation mechanisms were obtained using electrophoretic mobility measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, computational image and video analysis, and scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Abada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA
| | - Sanket Joag
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA
| | - Ramesh Sharma
- Facilities Engineering, Global Production, ConocoPhillips, Houston, TX 77079, USA
| | - Shankararaman Chellam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA.
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Zou H, Long Y, Shen L, He Y, Zhang M, Lin H. Impacts of Calcium Addition on Humic Acid Fouling and the Related Mechanism in Ultrafiltration Process for Water Treatment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1033. [PMID: 36363588 PMCID: PMC9692280 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) is a major natural organic pollutant widely coexisting with calcium ions (Ca2+) in natural water and wastewater bodies, and the coagulation-ultrafiltration process is the most typical solution for surface water treatment. However, little is known about the influences of Ca2+ on HA fouling in the ultrafiltration process. This study explored the roles of Ca2+ addition in HA fouling and the potential of Ca2+ addition for fouling mitigation in the coagulation-ultrafiltration process. It was found that the filtration flux of HA solution rose when Ca2+ concentration increased from 0 to 5.0 mM, corresponding to the reduction of the hydraulic filtration resistance. However, the proportion and contribution of each resistance component in the total hydraulic filtration resistance have different variation trends with Ca2+ concentration. An increase in Ca2+ addition (0 to 5.0 mM) weakened the role of internal blocking resistance (9.02% to 4.81%) and concentration polarization resistance (50.73% to 32.17%) in the total hydraulic resistance but enhanced membrane surface deposit resistance (33.93% to 44.32%). A series of characterizations and thermodynamic analyses consistently suggest that the enlarged particle size caused by the Ca2+ bridging effect was the main reason for the decreased filtration resistance of the HA solution. This work revealed the impacts of Ca2+ on HA fouling and demonstrated the feasibility to mitigate fouling by adding Ca2+ in the ultrafiltration process to treat HA pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zou
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ying Long
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Meijia Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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6
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Zhang M, Leung KT, Lin H, Liao B. Evaluation of membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of SRT. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156414. [PMID: 35660432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a novel system, the microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor (MPBR) has better performance than the conventional MBRs in membrane fouling control. Nevertheless, how the operating conditions affect its fouling performance is rarely reported. In this study, a microalgal-bacterial MPBR was set and continuously operated to treat synthetic wastewater. Effects of solids retention time (SRT, 10, 20, and 30 d) on the membrane fouling were investigated. The results showed that the relationship between membrane fouling and SRT was nonlinear and the fastest membrane fouling was observed at SRT 20 d. The predominant fouling mechanism was gel layer formation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed a significant difference in the surface composition of the microalgal-bacterial consortia at different SRTs. The biological flocs at SRT of 20 d had the largest floc size, moderate filament abundance, and the highest content of bound EPS and SMP. The highest membrane fouling at SRT 20 d was mainly attributed to the highest concentration of EPS and SMP. Environmental stresses and fierce competition between microalgae and bacteria are considered to be the underlying reasons for the elevated production of EPS and SMP. In brief, optimizing the SRT value to control the balanced growth of microalgae and bacteria and keep them at an appropriate ratio is critical for delaying membrane fouling in microalgal-bacterial MPBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Zhang
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Kam-Tin Leung
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
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Zhu T, Qu F, Liu B, Liang H. The influence of environmental factor on the coagulation enhanced ultrafiltration of algae-laden water: Role of two anionic surfactants to the separation performance. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132745. [PMID: 34743800 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, more chemicals that humans rely on are entering the city and surrounding water bodies. Anionic surfactants are one of the essential products for human beings. It is also one of the inducements that cause the eutrophication. The algae-laden water caused by eutrophication is a headache in the traditional water treatment process. To solve the problem, ultrafitration combined process was widely investigated to treat the algae-laden water. The presence of stimuli, low concentration anionic surfactant, probably interfere the performance of ultrafiltration process during algae-laden water treatment. In this study, the influence of two typical anionic surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), on the performance of coagulation-enhanced ultrafiltration was investigated. The aluminum sulfate hydrate and iron sulfate hydrate were respectively employed as coagulant. Based on the residual turbidity and zeta potential, 4 mg/L Al and 8 mg/L Fe were determined as the optimal coagulant dosage. The floc morphology confirmed that Al-algae flocs with lower fractal dimension (Df) were looser and more porous compared to Fe-algae flocs. More coagulant was depleted by LAS due to the better hydrophobicity of LAS. During the filtration process, LAS caused a larger flux reduction compared with SDS regardless of the coagulant that was used. More organic compounds penetrate into membrane pores and block the pores with the presence of LAS since algal cell aggregation was weakened. Finally, the rejection of organic compounds by the coagulation-enhanced ultrafiltration process was studied, and the co-existing surfactants can cause effluent deterioration. Therefore, the presence of surfactants has a negative effect to the ultrafiltration treatment of algae-laden water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Zhang M, Leung KT, Lin H, Liao B. Membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of P-availability controlled by N:P ratio. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131015. [PMID: 34090001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor (MB-MPBR) is a promising technology to simultaneously remove organics and nutrients from wastewater. However, membrane fouling in MB-MPBR was seldom studied. In this study, potential effects of P-availability on biomass properties and membrane fouling in MB-MPBR were investigated. Under a nitrogen sufficient condition, a lower N:P ratio of 3.9:1 (P-rich) caused more severe membrane fouling. The dominant fouling mechanism was cake layer formation. Serial characterization showed a smaller particle size distribution (PSD), more free microalgae and significantly different surface composition of microalgal-bacterial flocs at N:P ratio of 3.9:1 compared with that of 9.7:1. The variations on PSD and surface composition were fully consistent with that of filtration resistance and thus considered as the primary contributors to the different fouling performance. The above results suggested that controlling microalgae/bacteria consortium in a good ratio by optimizing operating conditions is the key event for membrane fouling control in MB-MPBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Zhang
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Kam-Tin Leung
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada.
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Liang H, Xu W, Shi B, Huang X. The role of interactions between extracellular organic matter and humic substances on coagulation-ultrafiltration process. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128501. [PMID: 33039692 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Removals of extracellular organic matter (EOM) derived from cyanobacterium M. aeruginosa and humic acid (HA) in single-component and bi-component systems and the interactions during the coagulation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) process were investigated in this study. In a single-component system, only 23% EOM could be removed by alum at dose as high as 6 mg/L, which induced serious membrane fouling in the following UF process. Interestingly, higher EOM removal efficiency was achieved (increase by about 20%) with the existence of HA and EOM-HA achieved less decline of permeate flux compared with individual EOM C-UF process. Zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the interactions of HA and EOM can strengthen charge neutralization and reduce CH2 chemical bonds, which had a positive effect on the coagulation process. In addition, EOM-HA floc had a more open and looser structure than EOM floc, which was more favorable in the UF process. The extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory indicated that the acid-base interaction energy was mainly reduced, thereby alleviating membrane fouling. The study showed this beneficial interaction between the HA and EOM would enhance the EOM removal efficacy by coagulation and release the membrane fouling caused by EOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikai Liang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Weiying Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
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Zhang M, Leung KT, Lin H, Liao B. The biological performance of a novel microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of HRT and N/P ratio. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:128199. [PMID: 33113666 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor (MB-MPBR) was developed for simultaneous COD and nutrients (N and P) removals from synthetic municipal wastewater in a single stage for a long-term operation over 350 days. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and N/P ratio on the biological performance were systematically evaluated for the first time. The results showed that a lower N/P ratio (3.9:1) and shorter HRT (2 d) promoted more biomass production, as compared to a high HRT (3 d) and a high N/P ratio (9.7:1). The highest biomass concentration (2.55 ± 0.14 g L-1) and productivity (127.5 mg L-1·d-1) were achieved at N/P ratio of 3.9:1 and HRT of 2 d due to the highest nitrogen and phosphorus loadings under such conditions. A COD and ammonia-N removal efficiency of over 96% and 99%, respectively, were achieved regardless of HRTs and N/P ratios. In the absence of nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency, shorter HRT (2 d) yielded a higher nitrogen and phosphorus uptake but lower removal efficiency. In addition, the imbalance N/P ratio (9.7:1) would decrease nitrogen or phosphorus removal. Overall, the results suggested that it was feasible to simultaneously achieve complete or high removal of COD, nitrogen, and phosphorous in MB-MPBR under the appropriate conditions. This study demonstrated for the first time that MB-MPBR is a promising technology that could achieve a high-quality effluent meeting the discharge standards of COD and nutrients in one single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Zhang
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Kam-Tin Leung
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Biotechnoloy Research Program, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada.
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12
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Zhao S, Sun Q, Gu Y, Yang W, Chen Y, Lin J, Dong M, Cheng H, Hu H, Guo Z. Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide based coagulant aid for humic acids removal and ultrafiltration membrane fouling control. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:576-583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang J, Cahyadi A, Wu B, Pee W, Fane AG, Chew JW. The roles of particles in enhancing membrane filtration: A review. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Skibinski B, Uhlig S, Müller P, Slavik I, Uhl W. Impact of Different Combinations of Water Treatment Processes on the Concentration of Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Swimming Pool Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8115-8126. [PMID: 31180210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate microbial activity in swimming pools and to ensure hygienic safety for bathers, pool systems have a recirculating water system ensuring continuous water treatment and disinfection by chlorination. A major drawback associated with the use of chlorine as disinfectant is its potential to react with precursor substances present in pool water to form harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs). In this study, different combinations of conventional and advanced treatment processes were applied to lower the concentration of DBPs and their precursors in pool water by using a pilot-scale swimming pool model operated under reproducible and fully controlled conditions. The quality of the pool water was determined after stationary concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were reached. The relative removal of DOC (Δc cin-1) across the considered treatment trains ranged between 0.1 ± 2.9% and 7.70 ± 4.5%, where conventional water treatment (coagulation and sand filtration combined with granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration) was revealed to be the most effective. Microbial processes in the deeper, chlorine-free regions of the GAC filter have been found to play an important role in the degradation of organic substances. Almost all treatment combinations were capable of removing trihalomethanes to some degree and trichloramine and dichloroacetonitrile almost completely. However, the results demonstrated that effective removal of DBPs across the treatment train does not necessarily result in low DBP concentrations in the basin of a pool. This raises the importance of the DBP formation potential of the organic precursors, which has been shown to depend strongly on the treatment concept applied. Irrespective of the filtration technique employed, treatment combinations employing UV irradiation as a second treatment step revealed higher concentrations of volatile DBPs in the pool compared to those employing GAC filtration as a second treatment step. In the particular case of trichloramine, results confirm that its removal across the treatment train is not a feasible mitigation strategy because it cannot compensate for the fast formation in the basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Skibinski
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering , Technical University of Munich , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Chair of Water Supply Engineering , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Stephan Uhlig
- Chair of Water Supply Engineering , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Pascal Müller
- Chair of Water Supply Engineering , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Irene Slavik
- Chair of Water Supply Engineering , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Wahnbachtalsperrenverband , 53721 Siegburg , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uhl
- Chair of Water Supply Engineering , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , 0349 Oslo , Norway
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Institute of Civil and Environmental Engineering , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
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15
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Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16060996. [PMID: 30893920 PMCID: PMC6466417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL−1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L−1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L−1 to 1.38 mg·L−1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L−1 to 150.27 mg·L−1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. Furthermore, the CF could exhibit better chelation, electrical neutralization and bridge adsorption.
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16
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Xu W, Chen Y, Liang H, Sang G, Wei D, Wang D, Du B. A comparison study of in-situ coagulation and magnetic ion exchange (MIEX) as pre-treatments for ultrafiltration: Evaluating effectiveness of organic matters removals and fouling mitigation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:633-641. [PMID: 30292045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work was designed to compare the effectiveness of in-situ coagulation and MIEX as pre-treatments prior to ultrafiltration (UF) to improve organic matter (OM) removal and mitigate membrane fouling. Three kinds of OMs, i.e. salicylic acid (SA), humic acid (HA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were employed. The experimental results show that coagulation-UF led to most effective removal of HA (almost 90%), while the SA was uncoagulated and least removable, with the rejection rate of about 55%. Conversely, MIEX present superior ability for removing SA, contributing to additional efficiency of 71.95-77.21% than UF alone. Proper dosage of Al-based coagulants could alleviate flux loss, especially in the cases of HA and BSA. Increasing coagulant dose resulted in continuous decrement of irreversible resistance (Rir), which dominated the membrane fouling development by the SA water. For HA and BSA waters, alternatively, variations of Rr determined the flux declines. Floc compact degree was the decisive factor for Rr for coagulated SA; while for HA and BSA, Rr was most related to the floc size and foulant-foulant interaction. MIEX was most effective for alleviating flux loss when treating the hydrophilic SA with small molecules and for all the cases, MIEX exerted little influence on the Rr values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Yingying Chen
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China
| | - Huikai Liang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guoqing Sang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 Nanxinzhuang Western Road, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction &Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
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17
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Yu C, Zhao Y, Fan M, Gao B. The removal of silver nanoparticle by titanium tetrachloride and modified sodium alginate composite coagulants: floc properties, membrane fouling, and floc recycle. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21058-21069. [PMID: 29767310 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a modified sodium alginate (MSA) composited with TiCl4 was used to treat the synthetic Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) water in coagulation-ultrafiltration process. The floc properties and membrane fouling of TiCl4 and MSA composite coagulants (TiCl4 + MSA) were investigated by a laser diffraction instrument and ultrafiltration fouling model. The recycle of the AgNP-containing flocs was evaluated by XRD and photocatalytic experiments. The results showed that TiCl4 + MSA could achieve better coagulation performance than TiCl4 alone with AgNP and DOC removal up to 97 and 59% at the optimum condition (pH = 5 and dosage = 12 mg TiCl4/L). TiCl4 + MSA produced larger and looser flocs than TiCl4 and TiCl4 + SA composite coagulant (TiCl4 + SA), which was benefit for the inhibition of subsequence membrane fouling. The strongly attached external fouling resistance (Ref-s) and the reversible internal fouling resistance (Rif-r) of TiCl4 + MSA were only 43 and 39.2% of those achieved by TiCl4 at the optimal coagulation condition. Besides, the adopted AgCl-TiO2 could be recycled from AgNP-containing flocs. And MSA could promote the form of TiO2 anatase. It gives us a possible way for silver nanoparticle recycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Meixia Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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18
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Wang W, Yue Q, Li R, Bu F, Shen X, Gao B. Optimization of coagulation pre-treatment for alleviating ultrafiltration membrane fouling: The role of floc properties on Al species. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 200:86-92. [PMID: 29475032 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated membrane fouling in a coagulation/ultrafiltration (C-UF) process by comparing the floc properties and humic acid (HA) removal efficiency of three hydrous Al(III) species (Ala, Alb, and Alc). The results indicated that the coagulation and membrane mechanisms were different for all three Al species because of the differences in floc properties. The HA removal efficiency increased with increasing Al dosage until an equilibrium was reached at the optimal dosage of 6 mg L-1. In addition, membrane fouling gradually decreased as the Al dosages increased. Regardless of coagulant type, the OH and COOH functional groups of HA reacted with the Al species. Both external and internal membrane fouling were strongly dependent on the porosity of the cake layer and on the size distribution of the floc particulates, respectively. The pore area of the cake layer formed by the Ala-coagulated effluent was large because of the strong charge neutralization. Moreover, Ala generated large and loose flocs with a porous cake layer that mitigated external fouling. However, the internal fouling with the Alc coagulant was significant because the concentration of residual aggregates in the membrane pores was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Ruihua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fan Bu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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19
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Xu J, Zhao Y, Gao B, Han S, Zhao Q, Liu X. The influence of algal organic matter produced by Microcystis aeruginosa on coagulation-ultrafiltration treatment of natural organic matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 196:418-428. [PMID: 29324383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial bloom causes the release of algal organic matter (AOM), which inevitably affects the treatment processes of natural organic matter (NOM). This study works on treating micro-polluted surface water (SW) by emerging coagulant, namely titanium sulfate (Ti(SO4)2), followed by Low Pressure Ultrafiltration (LPUF) technology. In particular, we explored the respective influence of extracellular organic matter (EOM) and intracellular organic matter (IOM) on synergetic EOM-NOM/IOM-NOM removal, functional mechanisms and subsequent filtration performance. Results show that the IOM inclusion in surface water body facilitated synergic IOM-NOM composite pollutants removal by Ti(SO4)2, wherein loosely-aggregated flocs were produced, resulting in floc cake layer with rich porosity and permeability during LPUF. On the contrary, the surface water invaded by EOM pollutants increased Ti(SO4)2 coagulation burden, with substantially deteriorated both UV254-represented and dissolved organic matter (DOC) removal. Corresponded with the weak Ti(SO4)2 coagulation for EOM-NOM removal was the resultant serious membrane fouling during LPUF procedure, wherein dense cake layer was formed due to the compact structure of flocs. Although the IOM enhanced NOM removal with reduced Ti(SO4)2 dose and yielded mitigated membrane fouling, larger percentage of irreversible fouling was seen than NOM and EOM-NOM cases, which was most likely due to the substances with small molecular weight, such as microcystin, adhering in membrane pores. This research would provide theoretical basis for dose selection and process design during AOM-NOM water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China; Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Songlin Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
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20
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Application of a Low Cost Ceramic Filter for Recycling Sand Filter Backwash Water. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the application of a low cost ceramic filter for the treatment of sand filter backwash water (SFBW). The treatment process is comprised of pre-coagulation of SFBW with aluminum sulfate (Alum) followed by continuous filtration usinga low cost ceramic filter at different trans-membrane pressures (TMPs). Jar test results showed that 20 mg/L of alum is the optimum dose for maximum removal of turbidity, Fe, and Mn from SFBW. The filter can be operated at a TMP between 0.6 and 3 kPa as well as a corresponding flux of 480–2000 L/m2/d without any flux declination. Significant removal, up to 99%, was observed forturbidity, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). The flux started to decline at 4.5 kPa TMP (corresponding flux 3280 L/m2/d), thus indicated fouling of the filter. The complete pore blocking model was found as the most appropriate model to explain the insight mechanism of flux decline. The optimum operating pressure and the permeate flux were found to be 3 kPa and 2000 L/m2/d, respectively. Treated SFBW by a low cost ceramic filter was found to be suitable to recycle back to the water treatment plant. The ceramic filtration process would be a low cost and efficient option to recycle the SFBW.
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21
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Hormann V, Fischer HW. The physicochemical distribution of 131I in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 178-179:55-62. [PMID: 28779650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of therapeutic and diagnostic treatment of patients with thyroid diseases, 131I is introduced into the sewage system on a regular basis. This presents an opportunity to use the 131I as a tracer to study its partitioning and transport within a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In the case of nuclear accidents where 131I is one of the most prominent nuclides, an understanding of iodine partitioning and transport will be valuable for developing models that may prognosticate the activity concentrations in sludge and outflow, especially after an accidental input. In this study, samples from various locations inside a municipal WWTP were taken and for each sample, three different fractions were separated by a chemical extraction process. These fractions were analysed for their 131I activity concentrations by gamma-ray spectroscopy. While about 30% of the radioiodine activity in the inflow is associated with organic molecules, this amounts to about 90% after biological treatment. This is caused by the accumulation of 131I bound to organic matter in the return sludge and by a transfer of 131I from the inorganic to the organic fractions, most likely mediated by microbial action. In the outflow, inorganic and low-molecular 131I is dominant, but the overall activity concentration is reduced to about 50-75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Hormann
- University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Helmut W Fischer
- University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
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22
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Zhang D, Xu H, Wang X, Wang D, Duan J, Men B. Influence of coagulation process on the ultrafiltration performance – The roles of Al species and characteristics of algae-laden water. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Wang Y, Jia H, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu W. Performance of a novel recycling magnetic flocculation membrane filtration process for tetracycline-polluted surface water treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:490-500. [PMID: 28726714 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A recycling magnetic flocculation membrane filtration (RMFMF) process integrating circulating coagulation, magnetic enhanced flocculation and membrane filtration was investigated for the treatment of surface water micro-polluted by tetracycline, a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product. A bench-scale experiment was conducted and several water quality parameters including turbidity, ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), total organic carbon and tetracycline concentration were evaluated, taking coagulation membrane filtration and magnetic flocculation membrane filtration processes as reference treatments. The experimental results showed that at the optimum doses of 20 mg·L-1 ferric chloride (FeCl3), 4 mg·L-1 magnetite (Fe3O4) and 6 mg·L-1 reclaimed magnetic flocs in RMFMF processes, removal efficiencies of above evaluated parameters ranged from 55.8% to 92.9%, which performed best. Simultaneously, the largest average particle size of 484.71 μm and the highest fractal dimension of 1.37 of flocs were achieved, which did not only present the best coagulation effect helpful in enhancing the performance of removing multiple contaminants, but also lead to the generation of loose and porous cake layers favouring reduced permeate flux decline and membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China E-mail:
| | - Hui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China E-mail: ; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, No. 399, Bin Shui Xi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China E-mail:
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China E-mail: ; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, No. 399, Bin Shui Xi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wenjin Liu
- Oceanpower Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518040, China
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24
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Zhang Z, Liu D, Qian Y, Wu Y, He P, Liang S, Fu X, Li J, Ye C. Drinking water treatment using a submerged internal-circulation membrane coagulation reactor coupled with permanganate oxidation. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 56:153-163. [PMID: 28571851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A submerged internal circulating membrane coagulation reactor (MCR) was used to treat surface water to produce drinking water. Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) was used as coagulant, and a hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) submerged hollow fiber microfiltration membrane was employed. The influences of trans-membrane pressure (TMP), zeta potential (ZP) of the suspended particles in raw water, and KMnO4 dosing on water flux and the removal of turbidity and organic matter were systematically investigated. Continuous bench-scale experiments showed that the permeate quality of the MCR satisfied the requirement for a centralized water supply, according to the Standards for Drinking Water Quality of China (GB 5749-2006), as evaluated by turbidity (<1 NTU) and total organic carbon (TOC) (<5mg/L) measurements. Besides water flux, the removal of turbidity, TOC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the raw water also increased with increasing TMP in the range of 0.01-0.05MPa. High ZP induced by PACl, such as 5-9mV, led to an increase in the number of fine and total particles in the MCR, and consequently caused serious membrane fouling and high permeate turbidity. However, the removal of TOC and DOC increased with increasing ZP. A slightly positive ZP, such as 1-2mV, corresponding to charge neutralization coagulation, was favorable for membrane fouling control. Moreover, dosing with KMnO4 could further improve the removal of turbidity and DOC, thereby mitigating membrane fouling. The results are helpful for the application of the MCR in producing drinking water and also beneficial to the research and application of other coagulation and membrane separation hybrid processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongguo Zhang
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Peiran He
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Xiaozheng Fu
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Jiding Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Changqing Ye
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Jin Z, Meng F, Gong H, Wang C, Wang K. Improved low-carbon-consuming fouling control in long-term membrane-based sewage pre-concentration: The role of enhanced coagulation process and air backflushing in sustainable sewage treatment. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Wang W, Zhao S, Yue Q, Gao B, Song W, Feng L. Purification, characterization and application of dual coagulants containing chitosan and different Al species in coagulation and ultrafiltration process. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 51:214-221. [PMID: 28115133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different Al species and chitosan (CS) dosages on coagulation performance, floc characteristics (floc sizes, strength and regrowth ability and fractal dimension) and membrane resistance in a coagulation-ultrafiltration hybrid process. Results showed that different Al species combined with humic acid in diverse ways. Ala had better removal efficiency, as determined by UV254 and dissolved organic carbon, which could be further improved by the addition of CS. In addition, the optimal dosage of different Al species was determined to be 4.0mg/L with the CS concentration of 1.0mg/L, by orthogonal coagulation experiments. Combining Ala/Alb/Alc with CS resulted in larger flocs, higher recovery, and higher fractal dimension values corresponding to denser flocs; in particular, the floc size at the steady state stage was four times larger than that obtained with Al species coagulants alone. The results of ultrafiltration experiments indicated that the external fouling percentage was significantly higher than that of internal fouling, at around 85% and 15%, respectively. In addition, the total membrane resistance was significantly decreased due to CS addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wen Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry in Universities of Shandong, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jining University, Shandong 273155, China
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27
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Wang J, Xu W, Xu J, Wei D, Feng H, Xu Z. Effect of aluminum speciation and pH on in-line coagulation/diatomite microfiltration process: Correlations between aggregate characteristics and membrane fouling. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Wang W, Yue Q, Gao B, Li R. Floc proprieties and ultrafiltration characteristics by chitosan compound aluminum species coagulant under different pH conditions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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He C, Vidic RD. Application of microfiltration for the treatment of Marcellus Shale flowback water: Influence of floc breakage on membrane fouling. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Zhou M, Meng F. Aluminum-induced changes in properties and fouling propensity of DOM solutions revealed by UV-vis absorbance spectral parameters. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 93:153-162. [PMID: 26900968 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The integration of pre-coagulation with ultrafiltration (UF) is expected to not only reduce membrane fouling but also improve natural organic matter (NOM) removal. However, it is difficult to determine the proper coagulant dosage for different water qualities. The objective of this study was to probe the potential of UV-vis spectroscopic analysis to reveal the coagulant-induced changes in the fouling potentials of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and to determine the optimal coagulant dosage. The Zeta potentials (ZPs) and average particle size of the four DOM solutions (Aldrich humic acid (AHA), AHA-sodium alginate (SA), AHA-bovine serum albumin (BSA) and AHA-dextran (DEX)) coagulated with aluminum chloride (AlCl3) were measured. Results showed that increasing the aluminum coagulant dosage induced the aggregation of DOM. Meanwhile, the addition of aluminum coagulant resulted in an increase in DSlope(325-375) (the slope of the log-transformed absorbance spectra from 325 to 375 nm) and a decrease in S(275-295) (the slope of the log-transformed absorption coefficient from 275 to 295 nm) and SR (the ratio of Slope(275-295) and Slope(350-400)). The variations of these spectral parameters (i.e., DSlope(325-375), S(275-295) and SR) correlated well with the aluminum-caused changes in ZPs and average particle size. This implies that spectral parameters have the potential to indicate DOM aggregation. In addition, good correlations of spectral parameters and membrane fouling behaviors (i.e., unified membrane fouling index (UMFI)) suggest that the changes in DSlope(325-375), S(275-295) and SR were indicative of the aluminum-caused alterations of fouling potentials of all DOM solutions. Interestingly, the optimal dosage of aluminum (40 μM for AHA, AHA-BSA, and AHA-DEX) was obtained based on the relation between spectral parameters and fouling behaviors. Overall, the spectroscopic analysis, particularly for the utilization of spectral parameters, provided a convenient approach for the exploration of combined coagulation and UF systems for DOM removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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31
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Nan J, Yao M, Li Q, Zhan D, Chen T, Wang Z, Li H. The role of shear conditions on floc characteristics and membrane fouling in coagulation/ultrafiltration hybrid process – the effect of flocculation duration and slow shear force. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18328f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of shear conditions during coagulation on the ultrafiltration permeate flux in a coagulation–ultrafiltration (C–UF) process was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Meng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Qinggui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Dan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Zhenbei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- PR China
| | - Haoyu Li
- School of Science & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Taijin 300072
- PR China
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32
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Wang J, Yang S, Jia H, Zhang H. Effects of magnetization on Fe(iii) species in magnetically enhanced coagulation ultrafiltration processes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20026e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of magnetization on floc properties and membrane fouling in magnetically enhanced coagulation ultrafiltration (MEC-UF) processes for micro-polluted water treatment were investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
| | - Sasa Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Hui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
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33
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Feng L, Zhao S, Sun S, Wang W, Gao B, Yue Q. Effect of pH with different purified aluminum species on coagulation performance and membrane fouling in coagulation/ultrafiltration process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:67-74. [PMID: 26151386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The influences of solution pH on coagulation/ultrafiltration (C-UF) process were investigated by using three purified Al species of polyaluminium chloride (PACl). A series of online-simulation experiments were developed to assess the coagulation removal efficiencies (turbidity, UV254), floc properties and membrane fouling in this paper. The results showed that change of pH had a significant impact on coagulation efficiencies, floc properties, membrane flux as well as the whole process. Under acidic condition, the hydrolysis action of aluminum salts was restrained which is bad for charge neutralization. While under alkaline region, absorption was the dominant mechanism to combine HA-Kaolin. Meanwhile, HA is apt to soluble by deprotonating under alkaline region which is hard to remove. These common effects made the experiment results complex. HA removal efficiency of Ala and Alb were higher than that of Alc, but the turbidity removal by Alc was slightly higher under the same pH condition. Flocs generated by Ala at pH 6 had advantages such as larger size and the most loosely structure which contributed the most to alleviating membrane fouling. Membrane fouling with Alb and Alc in alkaline range was more serious than that in acidic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Key Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry in Universities of Shandong, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jining University, Qufu, Shandong 273155, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shenglei Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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34
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Yu H, Wang Z, Wu Z, Zhu C. Dynamic Membrane Formation in Anaerobic Dynamic Membrane Bioreactors: Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139703. [PMID: 26436551 PMCID: PMC4593540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic membrane (DM) formation in dynamic membrane bioreactors plays an important role in achieving efficient solid-liquid separation. In order to study the contribution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to DM formation in anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) processes, EPS extraction from and re-addition to bulk sludge were carried out in short-term filtration tests. DM formation behaviors could be well simulated by cake filtration model, and sludge with EPS re-addition showed the highest resistance coefficient, followed by sludge after EPS extraction. The DM layers exhibited a higher resistance and a lower porosity for the sludge sample after EPS extraction and for the sludge with EPS re-addition. Particle size of sludge flocs decreased after EPS extraction, and changed little with EPS re-addition, which was confirmed by interaction energy analysis. Further investigations by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis and batch tests suggested that the removal of in-situ EPS stimulated release of soluble EPS, and re-added EPS were present as soluble EPS rather than bound EPS, which thus improved the formation of DM. The present work revealed the role of EPS in anaerobic DM formation, and could facilitate the operation of AnDMBR processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhichao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chaowei Zhu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, P.R. China
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35
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Application of dispersed and immobilized hydrolases for membrane fouling mitigation in anaerobic membrane bioreactors. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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36
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Ang W, Mohammad A, Teow Y, Benamor A, Hilal N. Hybrid chitosan/FeCl3 coagulation–membrane processes: Performance evaluation and membrane fouling study in removing natural organic matter. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Dong H, Gao B, Yue Q, Wang Y, Li Q. Effect of pH on floc properties and membrane fouling in coagulation - ultrafiltration process with ferric chloride and polyferric chloride. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 130:90-97. [PMID: 25867785 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Impact of pH on coagulation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) process was investigated with respect to coagulation efficiency, floc characteristics and membrane fouling in this study. Ferric chloride (FeCl3) and polyferric chloride with basicity of 1.0 and 2.2 (denoted as PFC10 and PFC22) were used as coagulants and Fe (III) species in them was measured by a timed complexation spectroscopy method. Floc properties under four pH conditions were evaluated using a laser diffraction particle sizing device. Ultrafiltration experiments were conducted by a dead-end batch unit. The results showed that organic matter removal efficiency was higher under acidic conditions than under other pH conditions and turbidity removal efficiency was higher under alkaline condition. At same pH, FeCl3 containing higher monomeric and polymeric species (Fea and Feb) had better organic matter removal and higher turbidity removal efficiency was obtained by coagulants with larger percentage of polymer or colloidal species (Fec). Flocs formed under acidic ranges were larger, weaker and looser. At pH 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0, flocs by FeCl3 were larger and weaker than these by PFC10, followed by PFC22. In case of FeCl3 and PFC10, acidic pH conditions were helpful to reduce membrane fouling. For PFC22, permeate fluxes were less sensitive to pH variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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38
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Han N, Huang G, An C, Zhao S, Yao Y, Fu H, Li W. Removal of Sulfonated Humic Acid through a Hybrid Electrocoagulation–Ultrafiltration Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Han
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization,
Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization,
Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Institute
for Energy, Environment, Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization,
Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Institute
for Energy, Environment, Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Shan Zhao
- Institute
for Energy, Environment, Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yao Yao
- Institute
for Energy, Environment, Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Haiyan Fu
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wei Li
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization,
Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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39
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Zhao S, Gao B, Yue Q, Sun S, Song W, Jia R. Influence of Enteromorpha polysaccharides on variation of coagulation behavior, flocs properties and membrane fouling in coagulation-ultrafiltration process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 285:294-303. [PMID: 25528227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Enteromorpha polysaccharides (Ep) were used as a new coagulant aid together with polyaluminum chloride (PACl) in coagulation-ultrafiltration process to purify Yellow River water. The evolution of flocs size, growth rate, strength, recoverability and fractal structure due to Ep addition were systematically studied in this paper. On this basis, membrane fouling caused by the coagulation effluents of PACl and Ep were also investigated. Results indicated that Ep addition lead to 20% increase in coagulation performance, and meanwhile generate flocs with bigger sizes, faster growth rates and higher recovery abilities. Additionally, the flocs formed by PACl presented more compact structure with a larger D(f) value, while much looser flocs were obtained when Ep was added. Results of ultrafiltration experiments implied that with Ep addition, membrane fouling could be significantly reduced due to large size and loosely structures of flocs in coagulation effluents. Considering both the coagulation efficiency and ultrafiltration membrane performance, 0.2 mg/L Ep was determined as the optimal dosage in coagulation-ultrafiltration process in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, PR China.
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, PR China
| | - Shenglei Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, PR China
| | - Wuchang Song
- Jinan Water and Wastewater Monitoring Center, 250033 Jinan, PR China
| | - Ruibao Jia
- Jinan Water and Wastewater Monitoring Center, 250033 Jinan, PR China
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40
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Dong H, Gao B, Yue Q, Sun S, Wang Y, Li Q. Floc properties and membrane fouling of polyferric silicate chloride and polyferric chloride: the role of polysilicic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4566-4574. [PMID: 25318419 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Impact of polysilicic acid (pSi) in polyferric silicate chloride (PFSiC) on coagulation-ultrafiltration process was investigated in comparison with polyferric chloride (PFC). The Fe(III) species distribution in PFSiC and PFC was measured by a timed complexation spectroscopy method. Characteristics of flocs produced by PFSiC and PFC were studied using a laser diffraction particle sizing device. Moreover, membrane fouling was evaluated using a dead-end batch ultrafiltration unit under two operation modes, coagulation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) and coagulation-sedimentation-ultrafiltration (CSUF). The results indicated that PFSiC with various Si/Fe ratios had better turbidity removal efficiency but inferior organic matter removal. Flocs formed by PFSiC were larger than those by PFC. In case of PFSiC, floc size increased with Si/Fe ratio increasing. PFSiC with various Si/Fe ratios resulted in more compact and weaker flocs than PFC. Ultrafiltration experiments indicated that under C-UF mode, PFSiC with Si/Fe ratios of 0.07 and 0.10 presented better membrane performance than PFC. Under CSUF mode, addition of pSi could alleviate membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji' nan, 250100, Shandong, People' s Republic of China
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41
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Kimura M, Matsui Y, Saito S, Takahashi T, Nakagawa M, Shirasaki N, Matsushita T. Hydraulically irreversible membrane fouling during coagulation–microfiltration and its control by using high-basicity polyaluminum chloride. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Zhao S, Gao B, Sun S, Yue Q, Dong H, Song W. Coagulation efficiency, floc properties and membrane fouling of polyaluminum chloride in coagulation–ultrafiltration system: The role of magnesium. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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43
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Park NS, Kang MS, Jeong W, Kim JO. Experimental determination of the characteristics of physico-chemical particles in air-scouring-membrane (microfiltration) backwash water produced during drinking water treatment. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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44
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Park J, Kim HY, Park PK. Split injection of coagulant to enhance the water permeability of a cake layer in a coagulation–microfiltration process. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Li R, Gao B, Sun S, Wang H, Liu Y, Yue Q, Wang Y. Coagulation behavior and floc structure characteristics of cationic lignin-based polymer-polyferric chloride dual-coagulants under different coagulation conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22637f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To recycle papermaking sludge, a novel lignin-based flocculant with high cationic degree and molecular weight was introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglei Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxue Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
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46
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Dong S, Kim ES, Alpatova A, Noguchi H, Liu Y, Gamal El-Din M. Treatment of oil sands process-affected water by submerged ceramic membrane microfiltration system. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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47
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Zhao Y, Gao B, Zhang G, Qi Q, Wang Y, Phuntsho S, Kim JH, Shon H, Yue Q, Li Q. Coagulation and sludge recovery using titanium tetrachloride as coagulant for real water treatment: A comparison against traditional aluminum and iron salts. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xu W, Gao B, Du B, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Wei D. Influence of shear force on floc properties and residual aluminum in humic acid treatment by nano-Al₁₃. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 271:1-8. [PMID: 24583809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of various shear forces on floc sizes and structures in humic acid coagulations by polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and nano-Al13 were comparatively studied in this paper. The dynamic floc size was monitored by use of a laser diffraction particle sizing device. The floc structure was evaluated in terms of fractal dimension, analyzed by small-angle laser light scattering (SALLS). The effect of increased shear rate on residual Al of the coagulation effluents was then analyzed on the basis of different floc characteristics generated under various shear conditions. The results showed that floc size decreased with the increasing shear rate for both Al13 and PACl. Besides, floc strength and re-formation ability were also weakened by the enhanced shear force. Al13 resulted in small, strong and better recoverable flocs than PACl and moreover, in the shear range of 100-300 revolution per minute (rpm) (G=40.7-178.3s(-1)), the characteristics of HA-Al13 flocs displayed smaller scale changes than those of HA-PACl flocs. The results of residual Al measurements proved that with shear increased, the residual Al increased continuously but Al13 presented less sensitivity to the varying shear forces. PACl contributed higher residual Al than Al13 under the same shear condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Jinan, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Jinan, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghe Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Jinan, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Jinan, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Jinan, Ji'nan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Ma B, Yu W, Liu H, Qu J. Effect of low dosage of coagulant on the ultrafiltration membrane performance in feedwater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 51:277-83. [PMID: 24252454 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical issues for the widely application of ultrafiltration (UF) in water treatment is membrane fouling owning to the dissolved organic matter. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of various particle sizes caused by low dosages of coagulant with dissolved organic matter on the UF membrane performance. Aluminum chloride was added to the synthetic water with the hydrophobic humic acid (HA), the hydrophilic bovine serum albumin (BSA) - a protein- and their 1:1 (mass ratio) mixture. The results showed that there was a critical dose of Al that could cause dramatic flux reduction by blocking the membrane pores after coagulating with HA/BSA. For HA or BSA, the critical dose of Al was relatively lower at pH 6.0 than that at pH 8.0. After coagulation, the flux decline caused by HA was slightly varied as a function of pH while that caused by BSA was greatly affected by pH. The flux decline caused by the 1:1 (mass ratio) HA/BSA mixture after coagulation was similar to that caused by HA after coagulation because BSA could be encapsulated by HA. In addition, the peak value of the molecular weight (MW) distribution of HA coagulated with Al was changed more drastically compared to that of BSA after filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Wang S, Liu C, Li Q. Impact of Polymer Flocculants on Treated Water Quality in Surface Water Treatment by Coagulation-Microfiltration. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.864311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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