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Chen L, Liu L. Adipose thermogenic mechanisms by cold, exercise and intermittent fasting: Similarities, disparities and the application in treatment. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:2043-2056. [PMID: 39088961 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Given its nonnegligible role in metabolic homeostasis, adipose tissue has been the target for treating metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Besides its lipolytic function, adipose thermogenesis has gained increased interest due to the irreplaceable contribution to dissipating energy to restore equilibrium, and its therapeutic effects have been testified in various animal models. In this review, we will brief about the canonical cold-stimulated adipose thermogenic mechanisms, elucidate on the exercise- and intermittent fasting-induced adipose thermogenic mechanisms, with a focus on the similarities and disparities among these signaling pathways, in an effort to uncover the overlapped and specific targets that may yield potent therapeutic efficacy synergistically in improving metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linshan Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhua Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Li P, Wang Y, Liang Y, Jiang X, Tang T, Fan X, Wang R, Yang M, Liu Y, Qi K, Zhang Y. Imbalance of early-life vitamin D intake targets ROS-mediated crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and differentiation potential of MSCs associated the later obesity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:252. [PMID: 39135105 PMCID: PMC11321190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which is related with abnormal pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recently, there is growing evidence that the disorder of maternal vitamin D (VD) intake is a well-known risk factor for long-term adverse health outcomes to their offspring. Otherwise, less is known of its repercussion and underlying mechanisms on the different differentiation potential of MSCs. METHODS Four-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were fed with different VD reproductive diets throughout the whole pregnancy and lactation. The characteristics of BMSCs from their seven-day male offspring, VDR knockdown establishment of HuMSCs and HuMSCs under the different VD interventions in vitro were confirmed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. The roles of VD on their mitochondrial dysfunction and differentiation potential were also investigated. Then their remaining weaned male pups were induced by administrating high-fat-diet (HFD) for 16 weeks and normal fat diet was simultaneously as controls. Their lipid accumulation and adipocytes hypertrophy were determined by histological staining and related gene expressions. RESULTS Herein, it was proved that imbalance of early-life VD intake could significantly aggravate the occurrence of obesity by inducing the adipogenesis through affecting the VD metabolism and related metabolites (P < 0.05). Moreover, abnormally maternal VD intake might be involved on the disorders of differentiation potential to inhibit the maintenance of MSCs stemness through increasing the productions of ROS, which was accompanied by impairing the expression of related genes on the adipo-osteogenic differentiation (P < 0.05). Moreover, it was along with increasing potential of adipogenic differentiation of MSCs as higher ROS in the state of VD deficiency, while excessive maternal VD status could conversely enhance the osteogenic differentiation with slightly lower ROS (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms might be involved on the mitochondria dysfunctional, especially the mitophagy, by activating the LC3b, P62 and etc. using in vivo and in vitro studies (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that imbalance of early-life VD intake could target ROS-mediated crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and differentiation potential of MSCs, which was significantly associated with the later obesity. Obviously, our results could open up an attractive modality for the benefits of suitable VD intake during the pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Stem Cell & Regeneration Medicine, Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No.27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yueqing Liang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xueyi Jiang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Tiantian Tang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiuqin Fan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Mengyi Yang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yuanlin Liu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regeneration Medicine, Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No.27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Kemin Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell & Regeneration Medicine, Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No.27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Zhang C, Xiang J, Wang G, Di T, Chen L, Zhao W, Wei L, Zhou S, Wu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu H. Salvianolic acid B improves diabetic skin wound repair through Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39101795 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2024.2387693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic skin wound is a disturbing and rapidly evolving clinical issue. Here, we investigated how salvianolic acid B (Sal B) affected the diabetic wound healing process. Following Sal B administration, histopathological damage was investigated by H&E and Masson staining, and CD34, apoptosis and mitophagy markers were measured by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Migration, proliferation, and mitochondrial function of high glucose (HG) -induced HMEC-1 cells were measured. The effects of si-Parkin on endothelial cell migration, apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy were examined. Sal B alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and promoted angiogenesis in skin wound tissue. Apoptosis and mitophagy were ameliorated by Sal B in diabetic skin wound tissues and HG-induced HMEC-1 cells. Parkin inhibition impaired the migratorypromoted cell apoptosis and inhibited mitophagy of HMEC-1 cells. This finding demonstrated that Sal B promoted diabetic skin wound repair via Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, improved our understanding of the diabetic wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Monitoring, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guiyang, China
| | - Gengxin Wang
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Tietao Di
- Department of Trauma Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Lianggang Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xueli Wu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Wang Z, Yang T, Zeng M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Mitophagy suppression by miquelianin-rich lotus leaf extract induces 'beiging' of white fat via AMPK/DRP1-PINK1/PARKIN signaling axis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2597-2609. [PMID: 37991930 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf has been described to have anti-obesity activity, but the role of white fat 'browning' or 'beiging' in its beneficial metabolic actions remains unclear. Here, 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice were used to evaluate the effects of miquelianin-rich lotus leaf extract (LLE) on white-to-beige fat conversion and its regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Treatment with LLE increased mitochondrial abundance, mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD+ /NADH ratio in 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting its potential in promoting mitochondrial activity. qPCR and/or western blotting analysis confirmed that LLE induced the expression of beige fat-enriched gene signatures (e.g. Sirt1, Cidea, Dio2, Prdm16, Ucp1, Cd40, Cd137, Cited1) and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers (e.g. Nrf1, Cox2, Cox7a, Tfam) in 3T3-L1 cells and inguinal white adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, we found that LLE treatment inhibited mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 and blocked mitophagy markers such as PINK1, PARKIN, BECLIN1 and LC-3B. Chemical inhibition experiments revealed that AMPK/DRP1 signaling was required for LLE-induced beige fat formation via suppressing PINK1/PARKIN/mitophagy. CONCLUSION Our data reveal a novel mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effect of LLE, namely the induction of white fat beiging via AMPK/DRP1/mitophagy signaling. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Xiang G, Guo S, Xing N, Du Q, Qin J, Gao H, Zhang Y, Wang S. Mangiferin, a Potential Supplement to Improve Metabolic Syndrome: Current Status and Future Opportunities. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:355-386. [PMID: 38533569 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a considerable clinical and public health burden worldwide. Mangiferin (MF), a flavonoid compound present in diverse species such as mango (Mangifera indica L.), papaya (Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C. K. Schneid.), zhimu (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge), and honeybush tea (Cyclopia genistoides), boasts a broad array of pharmacological effects. It holds promising uses in nutritionally and functionally targeted foods, particularly concerning MetS treatment. It is therefore pivotal to systematically investigate MF's therapeutic mechanism for MetS and its applications in food and pharmaceutical sectors. This review, with the aid of a network pharmacology approach complemented by this experimental studies, unravels possible mechanisms underlying MF's MetS treatment. Network pharmacology results suggest that MF treats MetS effectively through promoting insulin secretion, targeting obesity and inflammation, alleviating insulin resistance (IR), and mainly operating via the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-[Formula: see text]B), microtubule-associated protein kinase (MAPK), and oxidative stress signaling pathways while repairing damaged insulin signaling. These insights provide a comprehensive framework to understand MF's potential mechanisms in treating MetS. These, however, warrant further experimental validation. Moreover, molecular docking techniques confirmed the plausibility of the predicted outcomes. Hereafter, these findings might form the theoretical bedrock for prospective research into MF's therapeutic potential in MetS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sa Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Nan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Qinyun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
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6
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Delgado-Anglés A, Blasco-Roset A, Godoy-Nieto FJ, Cairó M, Villarroya F, Giralt M, Villarroya J. Parkin depletion prevents the age-related alterations in the FGF21 system and the decline in white adipose tissue thermogenic function in mice. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:41-51. [PMID: 37914970 PMCID: PMC10808413 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00977-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkin is an ubiquitin-E3 ligase that is involved in cellular mitophagy and was recently shown to contribute to controlling adipose tissue thermogenic plasticity. We found that Parkin expression is induced in brown (BAT) and white (WAT) adipose tissues of aged mice. We determined the potential role of Parkin in the aging-associated decline in the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissues by analyzing subcutaneous WAT, interscapular BAT, and systemic metabolic and physiological parameters in young (5 month-old) and aged (16 month-old) mice with targeted invalidation of the Parkin (Park2) gene, and their wild-type littermates. Our data indicate that suppression of Parkin prevented adipose accretion, increased energy expenditure and improved the systemic metabolic derangements, such as insulin resistance, seen in aged mice. This was associated with maintenance of browning and reduction of the age-associated induction of inflammation in subcutaneous WAT. BAT in aged mice was much less affected by Parkin gene invalidation. Such protection was associated with a dramatic prevention of the age-associated induction of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) levels in aged Parkin-invalidated mice. This was associated with a parallel reduction in FGF21 gene expression in adipose tissues and liver in aged Parkin-invalidated mice. Additionally, Parkin invalidation prevented the protein down-regulation of β-Klotho (a key co-receptor mediating FGF21 responsiveness in tissues) in aged adipose tissues. We conclude that Parkin down-regulation leads to improved systemic metabolism in aged mice, in association with maintenance of adipose tissue browning and FGF21 system functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Delgado-Anglés
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Blasco-Roset
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Godoy-Nieto
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cairó
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición", Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición", Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Giralt
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición", Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición", Madrid, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
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Lee HJ, Chae CW, Han HJ. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in diabetes: Amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction-induced senescence. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115759. [PMID: 37865993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation offers significant potential for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. However, hyperglycemic conditions can induce senescence and dysfunction in both transplanted and resident MSCs, thereby limiting their therapeutic potential. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key contributors to this process in MSCs exposed to hyperglycemia. As such, strategies aimed at mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MSC transplantation in DM. In this review, we provide an updated overview of how mitochondrial dysfunction mediates MSC senescence. We present experimental evidence for the molecular mechanisms behind high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in MSCs, which include impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial calcium regulation, the mitochondrial antioxidant system, mitochondrial fusion-fission dynamics, mitophagy, and intercellular mitochondrial transfer. Furthermore, we propose potential pharmacological candidates that could improve the efficacy of MSC transplantation by enhancing mitochondrial function in patients with DM and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jik Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of South Korea; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of South Korea
| | - Chang Woo Chae
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Yang T, Zeng M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Miquelianin in Folium Nelumbinis extract promotes white-to-beige fat conversion via blocking AMPK/DRP1/mitophagy and modulating gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 181:114089. [PMID: 37804915 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of miquelianin (quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, Q3G), one of the main flavonoids in the Folium Nelumbinis extract (FNE), on beige adipocyte formation and its underlying mechanisms. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes Q3G (12.8%)-rich FNE treatment upregulated beige-related markers such as SIRT1, COX2, PGC-1α, TFAM, and UCP1. Furthermore, Q3G enhanced mitochondrial biosynthesis and inhibited mitophagy by downregulating the expression of PINK1, PARKIN, BECLIN1 and LC-3B in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice, Q3G markedly inhibited body weight gain, reduced blood glucose/lipid levels, reduced white adipose tissues (WAT) and mitigated hepatic steatosis. Meanwhile, the induced beiging accompanied by suppressed mitophagy was also demonstrated in inguinal WAT (iWAT). Chemical intervention of AMPK activity with Compound C (Com C) and Acadesine (AICAR) revealed that AMPK/DRP1 signaling was involved in Q3G-mediated mitophagy and the beiging process. Importantly, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that Q3G beneficially reshaped gut microbiota structure, specifically inhibiting unclassified_Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibaculum, Roseburia and Colidextribacter while increasing Bacteroides, Akkermansia and Mucispirillum, which may potentially facilitate WAT beiging. Collectively, our findings provide a novel biological function for Folium Nelumbinis and Q3G in the fight against obesity through activating the energy-dissipating capacity of beige fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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Jankauskas SS, Mone P, Avvisato R, Varzideh F, De Gennaro S, Salemme L, Macina G, Kansakar U, Cioppa A, Frullone S, Gambardella J, Di Mauro M, Tesorio T, Santulli G. miR-181c targets Parkin and SMAD7 in human cardiac fibroblasts: Validation of differential microRNA expression in patients with diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 212:111818. [PMID: 37116731 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis represents a key feature in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a condition highly prevalent amongst geriatric patients, especially if diabetic. The microRNA miR-181c has been shown to be associated with the response to exercise training in HFpEF patients and has been also linked to diabetic cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To measure circulating miR-181c in elderly patients with HFpEF and DM and identify gene targets pathophysiologically relevant in HFpEF. METHODS We quantified circulating miR-181c in frail older adults with a confirmed diagnosis of HFpEF and diabetes, and, as control, we enrolled age-matched subjects without HFpEF and without diabetes. We validated in human cardiac fibroblasts the molecular mechanisms linking miR-181c to a pro-fibrotic response. RESULTS 51 frail patients were included (34 patients with diabetes and HFpEF and 17 age-matched controls. We observed that miR-181c was significantly upregulated (p<0.0001) in HFpEF patients vs controls. We confirmed in vitro that miR-181c is targeting PRKN and SMAD7. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that miR-181c levels are significantly increased in frail elderly adults with diabetes and HFpEF and that miR-181c targets PRKN and SMAD7 in human cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; ASL Avellino, Avellino, 83100, Italy
| | - Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Luigi Salemme
- Casa di Cura "Montevergine", Mercogliano (Avellino), 83013, Italy
| | | | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Angelo Cioppa
- Casa di Cura "Montevergine", Mercogliano (Avellino), 83013, Italy
| | | | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Tullio Tesorio
- Casa di Cura "Montevergine", Mercogliano (Avellino), 83013, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
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10
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Tang J, Peng W, Ji J, Peng C, Wang T, Yang P, Gu J, Feng Y, Jin K, Wang X, Sun Y. GPR176 Promotes Cancer Progression by Interacting with G Protein GNAS to Restrain Cell Mitophagy in Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205627. [PMID: 36905238 PMCID: PMC10131842 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
GPR176 belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which responds to external stimuli and regulates cancer progression, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In the present study, expression analyses of GPR176 are performed in patients with colorectal cancer. Genetic mouse models of CRC coupled with Gpr176-deficiency are investigated, and in vivo and in vitro treatments are conducted. A positive correlation between GPR176 upregulation and the proliferation and poor overall survival of CRC is demonstrated. GPR176 is confirmed to activate the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and modulate mitophagy, promoting CRC oncogenesis and development. Mechanistically, the G protein GNAS is recruited intracellularly to transduce and amplify extracellular signals from GPR176. A homolog model tool confirmed that GPR176 recruits GNAS intracellularly via its transmembrane helix 3-intracellular loop 2 domain. The GPR176/GNAS complex inhibits mitophagy via the cAMP/PKA/BNIP3L axis, thereby promoting the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Tang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Jiangzhou Ji
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Chaofan Peng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Ji'ou Gu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Kangpeng Jin
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
- The First School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
- Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP. R. China
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11
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Jack BU, Ramharack P, Malherbe C, Gabuza K, Joubert E, Pheiffer C. Cyclopia intermedia (Honeybush) Induces Uncoupling Protein 1 and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Expression in Obese Diabetic Female db/db Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043868. [PMID: 36835279 PMCID: PMC9964215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that a crude polyphenol-enriched fraction of Cyclopia intermedia (CPEF), a plant consumed as the herbal tea, commonly known as honeybush, reduced lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and inhibited body weight gain in obese, diabetic female leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. In the current study, the mechanisms underlying decreased body weight gain in db/db mice were further elucidated using western blot analysis and in silico approaches. CPEF induced uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, 3.4-fold, p < 0.05) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα, 2.6-fold, p < 0.05) expression in brown adipose tissue. In the liver, CPEF induced PPARα expression (2.2-fold, p < 0.05), which was accompanied by a 31.9% decrease in fat droplets in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained liver sections (p < 0.001). Molecular docking analysis revealed that the CPEF compounds, hesperidin and neoponcirin, had the highest binding affinities for UCP1 and PPARα, respectively. This was validated with stabilising intermolecular interactions within the active sites of UCP1 and PPARα when complexed with these compounds. This study suggests that CPEF may exert its anti-obesity effects by promoting thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation via inducing UCP1 and PPARα expression, and that hesperidin and neoponcirin may be responsible for these effects. Findings from this study could pave the way for designing target-specific anti-obesity therapeutics from C. intermedia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babalwa Unice Jack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-219-380336
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Christiaan Malherbe
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
| | - Kwazi Gabuza
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
- Department of Food Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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12
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Wang Z, Xue C, Wang X, Zeng M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide-rich lotus leaf extract promotes a Brown-fat-phenotype in C 3H 10T 1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112198. [PMID: 36596137 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic perennial crop planted worldwide and its leaf (also called "He-Ye") has therapeutic effects on obesity. However, whether the underlying mechanism leads to increased energy expenditure by activation of brown adipocytes has not been clarified. Here, murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were employed to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts from lotus leaf (LLE) on brown adipocytes formation and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed LLE was rich in polyphenols (383.7 mg/g) and flavonoids (178.3 mg/g), with quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (Q3G) the most abundant (128.2 μg/mg). In LLE-treated C3H10T1/2 MSCs, the expressions of lipolytic factors (e.g., ATGL, HSL, and ABHD5) and brown regulators (e.g., Sirt1, PGC-1α, Cidea, and UCP1) were significantly upregulated compared to that in the untreated MSCs. Furthermore, LLE promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation, as evidenced by increases in the expression of Tfam, Cox7A, CoxIV, Cox2, Pparα, and Adrb3. Likewise, enhanced browning and mitochondrial biogenesis were also observed in Q3G-stimulated cells. Importantly, LLE and Q3G induced phosphorylation of AMPK accompanied by a remarkable increase in the brown fat marker UCP1, while pretreatment with Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) reversed these changes. Moreover, stimulating LLE or Q3G-treated cells with CL316243 (a beta3-AR agonist) increased p-AMPKα/AMPKα ratio and UCP1 protein expression, indicating β3-AR/AMPK signaling may involve in this process. Collectively, these observations suggested that LLE, especially the component Q3G, stimulates thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes, which may involve the β3-AR/AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chaoyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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13
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Liu X, Hou S, Xiang R, Hu C, Chen Z, Li N, Yan H, Yu X, Li X, Chi Y, Yang J. Imipramine activates FAM3A-FOXA2-CPT2 pathway to ameliorate hepatic steatosis. Metabolism 2022; 136:155292. [PMID: 35995281 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial FAM3A has been revealed to be a viable target for treating diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, its distinct mechanism in ameliorating hepatic steatosis remained unrevealed. High-throughput RNA sequencing revealed that carnitine palmityl transferase 2 (CPT2), one of the key enzymes for lipid oxidation, is the downstream molecule of FAM3A signaling pathway in hepatocytes. Intensive study demonstrated that FAM3A-induced ATP release activated P2 receptor to promote the translocation of calmodulin (CaM) from cytoplasm into nucleus, where it functioned as a co-activator of forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) to promote the transcription of CPT2, increasing free fatty acid oxidation and reducing lipid deposition in hepatocytes. Furthermore, antidepressant imipramine activated FAM3A-ATP-P2 receptor-CaM-FOXA2-CPT2 pathway to reduce lipid deposition in hepatocytes. In FAM3A-deficient hepatocytes, imipramine failed to activate CaM-FOXA2-CPT2 axis to increase lipid oxidation. Imipramine administration significantly ameliorated hepatic steatosis, hyperglycemia and obesity of obese mice mainly by activating FAM3A-ATP-CaM-FOXA2-CPT2 pathway in liver and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). In FAM3A-deficient mice fed on high-fat-diet, imipramine treatment failed to correct the dysregulated lipid and glucose metabolism, and activate thermogenesis in BAT. In conclusion, imipramine activates FAM3A-ATP-CaM-FOXA2-CPT2 pathway to ameliorate steatosis. For depressive patients complicated with metabolic disorders, imipramine may be recommended in priority as antidepressive drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Hou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chengqing Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- Hypertension Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yujing Chi
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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14
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Wen Q, Xie X, Ren Q, Du Y. Polybrominated diphenyl ether congener 99 (PBDE 99) promotes adipocyte lineage commitment of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133312. [PMID: 34919914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesogens are defined as chemicals that trigger obesity partially by stimulating adipogenesis. Adipogenesis consists of two successive processes: the adipocyte lineage commitment of pluripotent stem cells and the differentiation of preadipocytes. Compared with the differentiation of preadipocytes, the effects of most environmental obesogens on adipocyte lineage commitment remain largely unknown. In this study, investigations are performed to explore the influences of PBDE 99 on the adipocyte lineage commitment based on C3H10T1/2, which has been widely used as a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) model. Our results indicated that exposure to PBDE 99 during commitment stage resulted in significant up-regulation of subsequent adipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 MSCs. Interestingly, PBDE 99 did not affect the osteogenesis of C3H10T1/2 MSCs, although the adipogenesis and osteogenesis of MSCs are typically reciprocal. PBDE 99 was further demonstrated to significantly decrease the expression of Pref1, the marker of very early adipose mesenchymal precursor, and its downstream effector, Sox9. This result strongly suggested that PBDE 99 facilitated adipocyte commitment to exert adipogenic effect on C3H10T1/2 MSCs. Mechanistic studies revealed that PBDE 99 efficiently inhibited Hedgehog signaling transduction, a conserved negative regulator of the adipocyte lineage commitment. Furthermore, the effects of PBDE 99 on adipogenesis were abrogated by the co-treatment with SAG, a specific Hedgehog signaling activator, suggesting inhibition of Hedgehog signaling is responsible for the effect of PBDE 99 on adipocyte commitment. Taking together, these results strongly suggested enhanced adipocyte lineage commitment was involved in potential obesogenic effect of PBDE 99, presumably through repressing Hedgehog signalling during commitment stage. Moreover, the results of this study indicated that C3H10T1/2 can be used as a feasible MSCs cell model to evaluate the capabilities of potential obesogens on adipocyte commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Qidong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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15
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Tedesco B, Cristofani R, Ferrari V, Cozzi M, Rusmini P, Casarotto E, Chierichetti M, Mina F, Galbiati M, Piccolella M, Crippa V, Poletti A. Insights on Human Small Heat Shock Proteins and Their Alterations in Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:842149. [PMID: 35281256 PMCID: PMC8913478 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.842149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of the human small Heat Shock Proteins (HSPBs) consists of ten members of chaperones (HSPB1-HSPB10), characterized by a low molecular weight and capable of dimerization and oligomerization forming large homo- or hetero-complexes. All HSPBs possess a highly conserved centrally located α-crystallin domain and poorly conserved N- and C-terminal domains. The main feature of HSPBs is to exert cytoprotective functions by preserving proteostasis, assuring the structural maintenance of the cytoskeleton and acting in response to cellular stresses and apoptosis. HSPBs take part in cell homeostasis by acting as holdases, which is the ability to interact with a substrate preventing its aggregation. In addition, HSPBs cooperate in substrates refolding driven by other chaperones or, alternatively, promote substrate routing to degradation. Notably, while some HSPBs are ubiquitously expressed, others show peculiar tissue-specific expression. Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and neurons show high expression levels for a wide variety of HSPBs. Indeed, most of the mutations identified in HSPBs are associated to cardiomyopathies, myopathies, and motor neuropathies. Instead, mutations in HSPB4 and HSPB5, which are also expressed in lens, have been associated with cataract. Mutations of HSPBs family members encompass base substitutions, insertions, and deletions, resulting in single amino acid substitutions or in the generation of truncated or elongated proteins. This review will provide an updated overview of disease-related mutations in HSPBs focusing on the structural and biochemical effects of mutations and their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - R. Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E. Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: A. Poletti,
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16
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Abstract
The role of β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) in adipose tissue to promote lipolysis and the release of fatty acids and nonshivering thermogenesis in brown fat has been studied for so many decades that one would think there is nothing left to discover. With the rediscovery of brown fat in humans and renewed interest in UCP1 and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration, it seems that a review of adipose tissue as an organ, pivotal observations, and the investigators who made them would be instructive to understanding where the field stands now. The discovery of the β3-adrenergic receptor was important for accurately defining the pharmacology of the adipocyte, while the clinical targeting of this receptor for obesity and metabolic disease has had its highs and lows. Many questions still remain about how βARs regulate adipocyte metabolism and the signaling molecules through which they do it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Collins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA;
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17
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Chen J, Li M, Zhou X, Xie A, Cai Z, Fu C, Peng Y, Zhang H, Liu L. Rotenone-Induced Neurodegeneration Is Enabled by a p38-Parkin-ROS Signaling Feedback Loop. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13942-13952. [PMID: 34779196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone, a component of pesticides, is widely used in agriculture and potentially causes Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the regulatory mechanisms of rotenone-induced PD are unclear. Here, we revealed a novel feedback mechanism of p38-Parkin-ROS regulating rotenone-induced PD. Rotenone treatment led to not only the activation of p38 but also Parkin inactivation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in SN4741 cells. Meanwhile, p38 activation regulated Parkin phosphorylation at serine 131 to disrupt Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Notably, both p38 inhibition and Parkin overexpression decreased ROS levels. Additionally, the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) inhibited p38 and activated Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Both p38 inhibition and the ROS inhibitor NAC exerted a protective effect by restoring cell death and mitochondrial function in rotenone-induced PD models. Based on these results, the p38-Parkin-ROS signaling pathway is involved in neurodegeneration. This pathway represents a valuable treatment strategy for rotenone-induced PD, and our study provides basic research evidence for the safe use of rotenone in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Mingque Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Xueqiong Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ailun Xie
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Cai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Chunlai Fu
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Peng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Linhua Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
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Targeting PINK1 Using Natural Products for the Treatment of Human Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4045819. [PMID: 34751247 PMCID: PMC8572127 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4045819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PINK1, also known as PARK6, is a PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 that is encoded by nuclear genes. PINK1 is ubiquitously expressed and regulates mitochondrial function and mitophagy in a range of cell types. The dysregulation of PINK1 is associated with the pathogenesis and development of mitochondrial-associated disorders. Many natural products could regulate PINK1 to relieve PINK1-associated diseases. Here, we review the structure and function of PINK1, its relationship to human diseases, and the regulation of natural products to PINK1. We further highlight that the discovery of natural PINK1 regulators represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of PINK1-related diseases, including liver and heart diseases, cancer, and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, investigating PINK1 regulation of natural products can enhance the in-depth comprehension of the mechanism of action of natural products.
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Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Altered Autophagy in Acute Lung Injury and Construction of Underlying Competing Endogenous RNA Regulatory Mechanism. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6831770. [PMID: 34722769 PMCID: PMC8553468 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6831770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is a fatal syndrome frequently induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from the bacterial cell wall. LPS could also trigger autophagy of lung bronchial epithelial cell to relieve the inflammation, while the overwhelming LPS would impair the balance of autophagy consequently inducing serious lung injury. Methods We observed the autophagy variation of 16HBE, human bronchial epithelial cell, under exposure to different concentrations of LPS through western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and electron microscopy. Eight strands of 16HBE were divided into two groups upon 1000 ng/ml LPS stimulation or not, which were sent to be sequenced at whole transcriptome. Subsequently, we analyzed the sequencing data in functional enrichment, pathway analysis, and candidate gene selection and constructed a hsa-miR-663b-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Results We set a series of concentrations of LPS to stimulate 16HBE and observed the variation of autophagy in related protein expression and autophagosome count. We found that the effective concentration of LPS was 1000 ng/ml at 12 hours of exposure and sequenced the 1000 ng/ml LPS-stimulated 16HBE. As a result, a total of 750 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 449 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 76 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), and 127 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified. We constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to visualize the interaction between DEGs and located 36 genes to comprehend the core discrepancy between LPS-stimulated 16HBE and the negative control group. In combined analysis of differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs), we analyzed all the targeted relationships of ceRNA in DERNAs and figured hsa-miR-663b as a central mediator in the ceRNA network to play when LPS induced the variation of autophagy in 16HBE. Conclusion Our research indicated that the hsa-miR-663b-related ceRNA network may contribute to the key regulatory mechanism in LPS-induced changes of autophagy and ALI.
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Li Y, Zhang K, Liu J, Liu S, Nie C, Yan Y, Guan Y, Fan M, Qian H, Ying H, Wang L. Geniposide suppresses thermogenesis via regulating PKA catalytic subunit in adipocytes. Toxicology 2021; 464:153014. [PMID: 34718029 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Geniposide has been widely found to ameliorate many metabolic diseases. The recruitment and activation of brown/beige adipocytes are effective and promising methods for counteracting obesity and related diseases. However, the effect of geniposide on thermogenesis of adipocytes and its underlying mechanism have not yet been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that geniposide (25 mg/kg) reduces body temperature and cold tolerance of mice via suppressing thermogenic genes in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Consistently, geniposide (20 mg/mL) suppresses thermogenic capacity of adipocytes (brown adipocytes and 3T3L1 preadipocyte cells) in vitro. Mechanistically, geniposide reduces the level of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit and further suppresses transcription activity and protein stability of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), leading to reduction of thermogenic capacity in adipocytes. Moreover, pharmacological PKA activation reverses geniposide-induced UCP1 inhibition, which indicated that geniposide suppresses thermogenesis of adipocytes via regulating PKA signaling. Together, our findings suggest that geniposide is an inhibitor of fat thermogenesis, establishing a novel function characteristic of geniposide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Kuiliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Chenzhipeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanming Guan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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21
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Lin Q, Chen J, Gu L, Dan X, Zhang C, Yang Y. New insights into mitophagy and stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:452. [PMID: 34380561 PMCID: PMC8359610 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a specific autophagic phenomenon in which damaged or redundant mitochondria are selectively cleared by autophagic lysosomes. A decrease in mitophagy can accelerate the aging process. Mitophagy is related to health and longevity and is the key to protecting stem cells from metabolic stress damage. Mitophagy decreases the metabolic level of stem cells by clearing active mitochondria, so mitophagy is becoming increasingly necessary to maintain the regenerative capacity of old stem cells. Stem cell senescence is the core problem of tissue aging, and tissue aging occurs not only in stem cells but also in transport amplifying cell chambers and the stem cell environment. The loss of the autophagic ability of stem cells can cause the accumulation of mitochondria and the activation of the metabolic state as well as damage the self-renewal ability and regeneration potential of stem cells. However, the claim remains controversial. Mitophagy is an important survival strategy against nutrient deficiency and starvation, and mitochondrial function and integrity may affect the viability, proliferation and differentiation potential, and longevity of normal stem cells. Mitophagy can affect the health and longevity of the human body, so the number of studies in this field has increased, but the mechanism by which mitophagy participates in stem cell development is still not fully understood. This review describes the potential significance of mitophagy in stem cell developmental processes, such as self-renewal, differentiation and aging. Through this work, we discovered the role and mechanism of mitophagy in different types of stem cells, identified novel targets for killing cancer stem cells and curing cancer, and provided new insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingang Dan
- The Agricultural College of Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Therapeutic efficacy of 6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol in promoting browning of white adipocytes vis-à-vis enhanced thermogenesis portrayed in high fat milieu. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang Z, Yang D, Xiang J, Zhou J, Cao H, Che Q, Bai Y, Guo J, Su Z. Non-shivering Thermogenesis Signalling Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Applications of Brown Adipose Tissue. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2853-2870. [PMID: 34345212 PMCID: PMC8326120 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, thermogenic organs exist in the body that increase heat production and enhance energy regulation. Because brown adipose tissue (BAT) consumes energy and generates heat, increasing energy expenditure via BAT might be a potential strategy for new treatments for obesity and obesity-related diseases. Thermogenic differentiation affects normal adipose tissue generation, emphasizing the critical role that common transcriptional regulation factors might play in common characteristics and sources. An understanding of thermogenic differentiation and related factors could help in developing ways to improve obesity indirectly or directly through targeting of specific signalling pathways. Many studies have shown that the active components of various natural products promote thermogenesis through various signalling pathways. This article reviews recent major advances in this field, including those in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA), cyclic guanosine monophosphate-GMP-dependent protein kinase G (cGMP-AKT), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenic protein (TGF-β/BMP), transient receptor potential (TRP), Wnt, nuclear factor-κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κΒ), Notch and Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathways in brown and brown-like adipose tissue. To provide effective information for future research on weight-loss nutraceuticals or drugs, this review also highlights the natural products and their active ingredients that have been reported in recent years to affect thermogenesis and thus contribute to weight loss via the above signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Di Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junwei Xiang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engneering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Rahman MS, Kang I, Lee Y, Habib MA, Choi BJ, Kang JS, Park DS, Kim YS. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis YB0411 Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Pre-adipocytes and Reduces High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6032-6042. [PMID: 34008977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the health benefits of probiotics have been widely known for decades, there has still been limited use of probiotic bacteria in anti-obesity therapy. Herein, we demonstrated the role of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis YB0411 (YB, which was selected by an in vitro adipogenesis assay) in adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. We observed that YB-treatment effectively reduced triglyceride accumulation and the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, β, and δ (C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPδ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (aP2), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). YB-treatment also reduced the levels of core autophagic markers (p62 and LC3B) in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Small-interfering-RNA-mediated knockdown and competitive-chemical-inhibition assays showed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) commenced the anti-adipogenic effect of YB. In addition, YB supplement markedly reduced body weight and fat accretion in mice with high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Our findings suggest that YB may be used as a potential probiotic candidate to ameliorate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim Rahman
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseok Kang
- College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Youri Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Ahasun Habib
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jo Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanjiro, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanjiro, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sang Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam 31151, Republic of Korea
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25
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Lin C, Chen J, Hu M, Zheng W, Song Z, Qin H. Sesamol promotes browning of white adipocytes to ameliorate obesity by inducing mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibition mitophagy via β3-AR/PKA signaling pathway. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:7577. [PMID: 34262421 PMCID: PMC8254468 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is defined as an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, and it is a serious risk factor of non-communicable diseases. Recently many studies have shown that promoting browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) to increase energy consumption has a great therapeutic potential for obesity. Sesamol, a lignan from sesame oil, had shown potential beneficial functions on obesity treatment. Objective In this study, we used C57BL/6J mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes to investigate the effects and the fundamental mechanisms of sesamol in enhancing the browning of white adipocytes to ameliorate obesity. Methods Sixteen-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to establish the obesity models. Half of the obese mice were administered with sesamol (100 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]/day [d] by gavage for another 8 weeks. Triacylglycerol (TG) and total cholesterol assay kits were used to quantify serum TG and total cholesterol (TC). Oil red O staining was used to detect lipid droplet in vitro. Mito-Tracker Green was used to detect the mitochondrial content. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the levels of beige-specific genes. Immunoblotting was used to detect the proteins involved in beige adipocytes formation. Results Sesamol decreased the content of body fat and suppressed lipid accumulation in HFD-induced obese mice. In addition, sesamol significantly upregulated uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) protein in adipose tissue. Further research found that sesamol also significantly activated the browning program in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, manifested by the increase in beige-specific genes and proteins. Moreover, sesamol greatly increased mitochondrial biogenesis, as proved by the upregulated protein levels of mitochondrial biogenesis, and the inhibition of the proteins associated with mitophagy. Furthermore, β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR), protein kinase A-C (PKA-C) and Phospho-protein kinase A (p-PKA) substrate were elevated by sesamol, and these effects were abolished by the pretreatment of antagonists β3-AR. Conclusion Sesamol promoted browning of white adipocytes by inducing mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibiting mitophagy through the β3-AR/PKA pathway. This preclinical data promised the potential to consider sesamol as a metabolic modulator of HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minmin Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenya Zheng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyu Song
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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26
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Yan W, Diao S, Fan Z. The role and mechanism of mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism in the function regulation of the mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:140. [PMID: 33597020 PMCID: PMC7890860 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that show self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation, and paracrine and immune regulation. As a result of these properties, the MSCs have great clinical application prospects, especially in the regeneration of injured tissues, functional reconstruction, and cell therapy. However, the transplanted MSCs are prone to ageing and apoptosis and have a difficult to control direction differentiation. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively regulate the functions of the MSCs to promote their desired effects. In recent years, it has been found that mitochondria, the main organelles responsible for energy metabolism and adenosine triphosphate production in cells, play a key role in regulating different functions of the MSCs through various mechanisms. Thus, mitochondria could act as effective targets for regulating and promoting the functions of the MSCs. In this review, we discuss the research status and current understanding of the role and mechanism of mitochondrial energy metabolism, morphology, transfer modes, and dynamics on MSC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhao Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Diao
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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27
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Caffeic and Chlorogenic Acids Synergistically Activate Browning Program in Human Adipocytes: Implications of AMPK- and PPAR-Mediated Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249740. [PMID: 33371201 PMCID: PMC7766967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are phenolic compounds claimed to be responsible for the metabolic effects of coffee and tea consumption. Along with their structural similarities, they share common mechanisms such as activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity potential of CA and CGA as co-treatment in human adipocytes. The molecular interactions of CA and CGA with key adipogenic transcription factors were simulated through an in silico molecular docking approach. The expression levels of white and brown adipocyte markers, as well as genes related to lipid metabolism, were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses. Mechanistically, the CA/CGA combination induced lipolysis, upregulated AMPK and browning gene expression and downregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at both transcriptional and protein levels. The gene expression profiles of the CA/CGA-co-treated adipocytes strongly resembled brown-like signatures. Major pathways identified included the AMPK- and PPAR-related signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings indicated that CA/CGA co-stimulation exerted a browning-inducing potential superior to that of either compound used alone which merits implementation in obesity management. Further, the obtained data provide additional insights on how CA and CGA modify adipocyte function, differentiation and lipid metabolism.
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Rahman MS, Imran KM, Hossain M, Lee TJ, Kim YS. Biochanin A induces a brown-fat phenotype via improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and activation of AMPK signaling in murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Phytother Res 2020; 35:920-931. [PMID: 32840919 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of Biochanin A (BioA), an O-methylated isoflavone on the brown-fat phenotype formation and on the associated thermogenic program including mitochondrial biogenesis and lipolysis in C3H10T1/2 MSCs. Our data demonstrates that Treatment with BioA in an adipogenic differentiation cocktail induced formation of brown-fat-like adipocytes from C3H10T1/2 MSCs without treatment with a known browning inducer (rosiglitazone or T3) at an early stage of differentiation. The formation of brown-fat-like adipocytes by BioA treatment was evidenced by upregulation of key thermogenic markers: Ucp1, Pgc1α, Prdm16, and Pparγ. BioA also increased the expression of beige (Cd137 and Fgf21) and brown (Elovl3 and Zic1)-specific markers. Additionally, BioA treatment promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, judging by the upregulation of genes; Cox8b, Cidea, Dio2, Sirt1, Opa1, and Fis1. BioA treatment increased the amount of mitochondrial DNA and its encoded proteins: oxidative phosphorylation complexes (I-V); this change was associated with high oxygen consumption by C3H10T1/2 MSCs. A small-interfering-RNA-induced gene knockdown and experiments with dorsomorphin-driven competitive inhibition revealed that BioA exerts the thermogenic action via activation of AMPK signaling. Our study shows the mechanism of BioA-induced promotion of a brown-fat phenotype. Nonetheless, clinical research is necessary to validate BioA as a brown-fat-like signature inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim Rahman
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea
| | - Khan Mohammad Imran
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea
| | - Monir Hossain
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chung-nam, South Korea
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29
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Wightman EL, Jackson PA, Forster J, Khan J, Wiebe JC, Gericke N, Kennedy DO. Acute Effects of a Polyphenol-Rich Leaf Extract of Mangifera indica L. (Zynamite) on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2194. [PMID: 32717999 PMCID: PMC7468873 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts made from the leaves of the mango food plant (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae) have a long history of medicinal usage, most likely due to particularly high levels of the polyphenol mangiferin. In rodent models, oral mangiferin protects cognitive function and brain tissue from a number of challenges and modulates cerebro-electrical activity. Recent evidence has confirmed the latter effect in healthy humans following a mangiferin-rich mango leaf extract using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG). The current study therefore investigated the effects of a single dose of mango leaf extract, standardised to contain >60% mangiferin (Zynamite®), on cognitive function and mood. This study adopted a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design in which 70 healthy young adults (18 to 45 years) received 300 mg mango leaf extract and a matched placebo, on separate occasions, separated by at least 7 days. On each occasion, cognitive/mood assessments were undertaken pre-dose and at 30 min, 3 h and 5 h post-dose using the Computerised Mental Performance Assessment System (COMPASS) assessment battery and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). The results showed that a single dose of 300 mg mango leaf extract significantly improved performance accuracy across the tasks in the battery, with domain-specific effects seen in terms of enhanced performance on an 'Accuracy of Attention' factor and an 'Episodic Memory' factor. Performance was also improved across all three tasks (Rapid Visual Information Processing, Serial 3s and Serial 7s subtraction tasks) that make up the Cognitive Demand Battery sub-section of the assessment. All of these cognitive benefits were seen across the post-dose assessments (30 min, 3 h, 5 h). There were no interpretable treatment related effects on mood. These results provide the first demonstration of cognition enhancement following consumption of mango leaf extract and add to previous research showing that polyphenols and polyphenol rich extracts can improve brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Wightman
- NUTRAN, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
- Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (J.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Philippa A. Jackson
- Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (J.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Joanne Forster
- Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (J.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Julie Khan
- Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (J.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Julia C. Wiebe
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (J.C.W.); (N.G.)
| | - Nigel Gericke
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (J.C.W.); (N.G.)
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa
| | - David O. Kennedy
- Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (J.F.); (J.K.)
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Leiva M, Matesanz N, Pulgarín-Alfaro M, Nikolic I, Sabio G. Uncovering the Role of p38 Family Members in Adipose Tissue Physiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:572089. [PMID: 33424765 PMCID: PMC7786386 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.572089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex functions of adipose tissue have been a focus of research interest over the past twenty years. Adipose tissue is not only the main energy storage depot, but also one of the largest endocrine organs in the body and carries out crucial metabolic functions. Moreover, brown and beige adipose depots are major sites of energy expenditure through the activation of adaptive, non-shivering thermogenesis. In recent years, numerous signaling molecules and pathways have emerged as critical regulators of adipose tissue, in both homeostasis and obesity-related disease. Among the best characterized are members of the p38 kinase family. The activity of these kinases has emerged as a key contributor to the biology of the white and brown adipose tissues, and their modulation could provide new therapeutic approaches against obesity. Here, we give an overview of the roles of the distinct p38 family members in adipose tissue, focusing on their actions in adipogenesis, thermogenic activity, and secretory function.
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