1
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Power KM, Nguyen KC, Silva A, Singh S, Hall DH, Rongo C, Barr MM. NEKL-4 regulates microtubule stability and mitochondrial health in ciliated neurons. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202402006. [PMID: 38767515 PMCID: PMC11104396 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202402006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are often caused by defects in the ciliary microtubule core. Glutamylation is abundant in cilia, and its dysregulation may contribute to ciliopathies and neurodegeneration. Mutation of the deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration. In C. elegans, ccpp-1 loss causes age-related ciliary degradation that is suppressed by a mutation in the conserved NEK10 homolog nekl-4. NEKL-4 is absent from cilia, yet it negatively regulates ciliary stability via an unknown, glutamylation-independent mechanism. We show that NEKL-4 was mitochondria-associated. Additionally, nekl-4 mutants had longer mitochondria, a higher baseline mitochondrial oxidation state, and suppressed ccpp-1∆ mutant lifespan extension in response to oxidative stress. A kinase-dead nekl-4(KD) mutant ectopically localized to ccpp-1∆ cilia and rescued degenerating microtubule doublet B-tubules. A nondegradable nekl-4(PEST∆) mutant resembled the ccpp-1∆ mutant with dye-filling defects and B-tubule breaks. The nekl-4(PEST∆) Dyf phenotype was suppressed by mutation in the depolymerizing kinesin-8 KLP-13/KIF19A. We conclude that NEKL-4 influences ciliary stability by activating ciliary kinesins and promoting mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiden M. Power
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ken C. Nguyen
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andriele Silva
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - David H. Hall
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Maureen M. Barr
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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2
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Ropert B, Gallrein C, Schumacher B. DNA repair deficiencies and neurodegeneration. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 138:103679. [PMID: 38640601 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are the second most prevalent cause of death in industrialized countries. Alzheimer's Disease is the most widespread and also most acknowledged form of dementia today. Together with Parkinson's Disease they account for over 90 % cases of neurodegenerative disorders caused by proteopathies. Far less known are the neurodegenerative pathologies in DNA repair deficiency syndromes. Such diseases like Cockayne - or Werner Syndrome are described as progeroid syndromes - diseases that cause the premature ageing of the affected persons, and there are clear implications of such diseases in neurologic dysfunction and degeneration. In this review, we aim to draw the attention on commonalities between proteopathy-associated neurodegeneration and neurodegeneration caused by DNA repair defects and discuss how mitochondria are implicated in the development of both disorder classes. Furthermore, we highlight how nematodes are a valuable and indispensable model organism to study conserved neurodegenerative processes in a fast-forward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Ropert
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Christian Gallrein
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstraße 11, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany.
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3
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Zhong J, Hua Y, Zou S, Wang B. Juglone triggers apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer through the reactive oxygen species -mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299921. [PMID: 38814975 PMCID: PMC11139338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and oxidative stress plays a crucial role in its development. Juglone, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone in J. mandshurica, exhibits significant cytotoxic activity against various cancer cell lines. However, whether the anticancer activity of juglone is associated with oxidative stress remains unexplored. In this study, mouse Lewis lung cancer (LLC) and human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were used to explore the anticancer mechanisms of juglone. Juglone inhibited LLC and A549 cells viability, with IC50 values of 10.78 μM and 9.47 μM, respectively, for 24 h, and substantially suppressed the migration and invasion of these two lung cancer cells. Additionally, juglone arrested the cell cycle, induced apoptosis, increased the cleavage of caspase 3 and the protein expression of Bax and Cyt c, and decreased the protein expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3. Furthermore, juglone treatment considerably increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, but suppressed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. It also inhibited the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which was attenuated by 1,3-diCQA (an activator of PI3K/Akt). Moreover, N-acetylcysteine (a ROS scavenger) partially reversed the positive effects of juglone in terms of migration, invasion, ROS production, apoptosis, and PI3K/Akt pathway-associated protein expression. Finally, in tumor-bearing nude mouse models, juglone inhibited tumor growth without any apparent toxicity and significantly induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that juglone triggers apoptosis via the ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Therefore, juglone may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yongzhi Hua
- Digestive Department, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shuting Zou
- Digestive Department, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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4
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Zhao B, Wei D, Long Q, Chen Q, Wang F, Chen L, Li Z, Li T, Ma T, Liu W, Wang L, Yang C, Zhang X, Wang P, Zhang Z. Altered synaptic currents, mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics in Alzheimer's disease models and therapeutic potential of Dengzhan Shengmai capsules intervention. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:348-370. [PMID: 38618251 PMCID: PMC11010627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with alterations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics. However, the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear. In this study, we utilized Aβ42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models. The investigations included behavioural tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis, Nissl staining, thioflavin-S staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Golgi-Cox staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence staining, proteomics, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assessment, mitochondrial morphology analysis, electrophysiological studies, Western blotting, and molecular docking. The results revealed changes in synaptic currents, mitophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models. Remarkably, intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai (DZSM) capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation. Aβ42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention, which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission. The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions, including the hippocampal CA3, primary cingular cortex, prelimbic system, and dysgranular insular cortex. DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels, augmented long-term potential (LTP) amplitude, and enhanced dendritic spine density and length. Moreover, DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters, including ROS expression, MMP and ATP contents, and mitochondrial morphology. In conclusion, our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents, mitophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in AD, concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Dongfeng Wei
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qinghua Long
- Medical School, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Qingjie Chen
- HuBei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437100, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zefei Li
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Linshuang Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Caishui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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5
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Sun R, Liu M, Xiong F, Xu K, Huang J, Liu J, Wang D, Pu Y. Polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics induce gastric toxicity through ROS mediated oxidative stress and P62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169228. [PMID: 38101634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) exist widely in the environment and can enter the human body indirectly through the food chain or directly through inhalation or ingestion. The primary organ that MPs contaminated food or water enters the human body through the digestive tract is the stomach. However, at present, the effects of MPs on the stomach and the related mechanism remain unclear. In this study, our results indicated that 50 nm and 250 nm polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) at environmental related dose significantly decreased stomach organ coefficient, inhibited gastric juice secretion and mucus secretion, disrupted gastric barrier function and suppressed antioxidant ability in mice. In vitro experiments showed that PS-MPs inhibited cell viability, increased ROS generation, and induced apoptosis through mitochondria-dependent pathway. Simultaneously, PS-MPs also decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP level, disrupted mitochondrial kinetic homeostasis, and activated P62 / Nrf2 / Keap1 pathway. Furthermore, blocking ROS (NAC) partially alleviated ROS and apoptosis caused by PS-MPs. Based on above findings, the potential adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of PS-MPs-caused gastric toxicity was proposed which provides a new insight into the risk assessment of MP related gastric damage. Our study unveils the gastric injury induced by PS MPs is dependent on ROS - mediated P62 / Nrf2 / Keap1 signaling pathway, and provides scientific basis for further exploration the mechanism of gastric toxicity of PS MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Manman Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Power KM, Nguyen KC, Silva A, Singh S, Hall DH, Rongo C, Barr MM. NEKL-4 regulates microtubule stability and mitochondrial health in C. elegans ciliated neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.14.580304. [PMID: 38405845 PMCID: PMC10888866 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.14.580304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are often caused by defects in the ciliary microtubule core. Glutamylation is abundant in cilia, and its dysregulation may contribute to ciliopathies and neurodegeneration. Mutation of the deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration. In C. elegans, ccpp-1 loss causes age-related ciliary degradation that is suppressed by mutation in the conserved NEK10 homolog nekl-4. NEKL-4 is absent from cilia, yet negatively regulates ciliary stability via an unknown, glutamylation-independent mechanism. We show that NEKL-4 was mitochondria-associated. nekl-4 mutants had longer mitochondria, a higher baseline mitochondrial oxidation state, and suppressed ccpp-1 mutant lifespan extension in response to oxidative stress. A kinase-dead nekl-4(KD) mutant ectopically localized to ccpp-1 cilia and rescued degenerating microtubule doublet B-tubules. A nondegradable nekl-4(PESTΔ) mutant resembled the ccpp-1 mutant with dye filling defects and B-tubule breaks. The nekl-4(PESTΔ) Dyf phenotype was suppressed by mutation in the depolymerizing kinesin-8 KLP-13/KIF19A. We conclude that NEKL-4 influences ciliary stability by activating ciliary kinesins and promoting mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiden M Power
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ken C Nguyen
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Andriele Silva
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - David H Hall
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Maureen M Barr
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
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7
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Choudhury C, Gill MK, McAleese CE, Butcher NJ, Ngo ST, Steyn FJ, Minchin RF. The Arylamine N-Acetyltransferases as Therapeutic Targets in Metabolic Diseases Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:300-320. [PMID: 38351074 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In humans, there are two arylamine N-acetyltransferase genes that encode functional enzymes (NAT1 and NAT2) as well as one pseudogene, all of which are located together on chromosome 8. Although they were first identified by their role in the acetylation of drugs and other xenobiotics, recent studies have shown strong associations for both enzymes in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. There is growing evidence that this association may be causal. Consistently, NAT1 and NAT2 are shown to be required for healthy mitochondria. This review discusses the current literature on the role of both NAT1 and NAT2 in mitochondrial bioenergetics. It will attempt to relate our understanding of the evolution of the two genes with biologic function and then present evidence that several major metabolic diseases are influenced by NAT1 and NAT2. Finally, it will discuss current and future approaches to inhibit or enhance NAT1 and NAT2 activity/expression using small-molecule drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) NAT1 and NAT2 share common features in their associations with mitochondrial bioenergetics. This review discusses mitochondrial function as it relates to health and disease, and the importance of NAT in mitochondrial function and dysfunction. It also compares NAT1 and NAT2 to highlight their functional similarities and differences. Both NAT1 and NAT2 are potential drug targets for diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Choudhury
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melinder K Gill
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Courtney E McAleese
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Neville J Butcher
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rodney F Minchin
- School of Biomedical Sciences (C.C., M.K.G., C.E.M., N.J.B., F.J.S., R.F.M.) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (S.T.N.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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8
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Cunha-Oliveira T, Montezinho L, Simões RF, Carvalho M, Ferreiro E, Silva FSG. Mitochondria: A Promising Convergent Target for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:248. [PMID: 38334639 PMCID: PMC10854804 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, for which current treatment options are limited. Recent studies have shed light on the role of mitochondria in ALS pathogenesis, making them an attractive therapeutic intervention target. This review contains a very comprehensive critical description of the involvement of mitochondria and mitochondria-mediated mechanisms in ALS. The review covers several key areas related to mitochondria in ALS, including impaired mitochondrial function, mitochondrial bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species, metabolic processes and energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, turnover, autophagy and mitophagy, impaired mitochondrial transport, and apoptosis. This review also highlights preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated various mitochondria-targeted therapies for ALS treatment. These include strategies to improve mitochondrial function, such as the use of dichloroacetate, ketogenic and high-fat diets, acetyl-carnitine, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. Additionally, antiapoptotic agents, like the mPTP-targeting agents minocycline and rasagiline, are discussed. The paper aims to contribute to the identification of effective mitochondria-targeted therapies for ALS treatment by synthesizing the current understanding of the role of mitochondria in ALS pathogenesis and reviewing potential convergent therapeutic interventions. The complex interplay between mitochondria and the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS holds promise for the development of novel treatment strategies to combat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Montezinho
- Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Carvalho
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filomena S. G. Silva
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Mitotag Lda, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
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9
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Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Umare MD, Lokhande S, Upaganlawar AB, Wal P, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Khandige PS, Singh B, Sadananda V, Ramniwas S, Behl T. Revisiting the Mitochondrial Function and Communication in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:902-911. [PMID: 38482626 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128286655240304070740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are distinguished by the progressive loss of anatomically or physiologically relevant neural systems. Atypical mitochondrial morphology and metabolic malfunction are found in many neurodegenerative disorders. Alteration in mitochondrial function can occur as a result of aberrant mitochondrial DNA, altered nuclear enzymes that interact with mitochondria actively or passively, or due to unexplained reasons. Mitochondria are intimately linked to the Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and ER-mitochondrial communication governs several of the physiological functions and procedures that are disrupted in neurodegenerative disorders. Numerous researchers have associated these disorders with ER-mitochondrial interaction disturbance. In addition, aberrant mitochondrial DNA mutation and increased ROS production resulting in ionic imbalance and leading to functional and structural alterations in the brain as well as cellular damage may have an essential role in disease progression via mitochondrial malfunction. In this review, we explored the evidence highlighting the role of mitochondrial alterations in neurodegenerative pathways in most serious ailments, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohit D Umare
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanket Lokhande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandawad 423101, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, NH-19, Bhauti Road, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prasanna Shama Khandige
- Department of Conservative, Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhupendra Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
- Department of Pharmacy, S.N. Medical College, Agra, India
| | - Vandana Sadananda
- Department of Conservative, Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India
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10
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Gushi S, Balis V. Mitochondrial Inherited Disorders and their Correlation with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:381-393. [PMID: 37937560 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303250271231018103202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for the survival of a cell because they produce energy. The cells that need more mitochondria are neurons because they perform a variety of tasks that are necessary to support brain homeostasis. The build-up of abnormal proteins in neurons, as well as their interactions with mitochondrial proteins, or MAM proteins, cause serious health issues. As a result, mitochondrial functions, such as mitophagy, are impaired, resulting in the disorders described in this review. They are also due to mtDNA mutations, which alter the heritability of diseases. The topic of disease prevention, as well as the diagnosis, requires further explanation and exploration. Finally, there are treatments that are quite promising, but more detailed research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofjana Gushi
- Department of Health Science and Biomedical Science, Metropolitan College - Thessaloniki Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasileios Balis
- Department of Health Science and Biomedical Science, Metropolitan College - Thessaloniki Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Mangrulkar SV, Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Upaganlawar AB, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Anwer MK, Dailah HG, Mohan S, Behl T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Signaling Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Major Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:708-729. [PMID: 37162686 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are incurable and the most prevalent cognitive and motor disorders of elderly. Mitochondria are essential for a wide range of cellular processes playing a pivotal role in a number of cellular functions like metabolism, intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and immunity. A plethora of evidence indicates the central role of mitochondrial functions in pathogenesis of many aging related NDD. Considering how mitochondria function in neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress, and mutations in mtDNA both contribute to aging. Many substantial reports suggested the involvement of numerous contributing factors including, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitophagy, accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, and transport within axons in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Therapies therefore target fundamental mitochondrial processes such as energy metabolism, free-radical generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial redox state, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial quality control, and metabolism hold great promise to develop pharmacological based therapies in NDD. By emphasizing the most efficient pharmacological strategies to target dysfunction of mitochondria in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, this review serves the scientific community engaged in translational medical science by focusing on the establishment of novel, mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Shantabai Patil College of Diploma in Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashta, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
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12
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Fan C, Wang JX, Xiong ZE, Hu SS, Zhou AJ, Yuan D, Zhang CC, Zhou ZY, Wang T. Saponins from Panax japonicus improve neuronal mitochondrial injury of aging rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1401-1412. [PMID: 37667488 PMCID: PMC10484050 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2244532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Panax japonicus is the dried rhizome of Panax japonicus C.A. Mey. (Araliaceae). Saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ) exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of SPJ on aging rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats (18-months-old) were randomly divided into aging and SPJ groups (n = 8). Five-month-old rats were taken as the adult control (n = 8). The rats were fed a normal chow diet or the SPJ-containing diet (10 or 30 mg/kg) for 4 months. An in vitro model was established by d-galactose (d-Gal) in the SH-SY5Y cell line and pretreated with SPJ (25 and 50 µg/mL). The neuroprotection of SPJ was evaluated via Nissl staining, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS SPJ improved the neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial morphology that are associated with aging. Meanwhile, SPJ up-regulated the protein levels of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) and down-regulated the protein level of dynamin-like protein 1 (Drp1) in the hippocampus of aging rats (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 vs. 22 M). The in vitro studies also demonstrated that SPJ attenuated d-Gal-induced cell senescence concomitant with the improvement in mitochondrial function; SPJ, also up-regulated the Mfn2 and Opa1 protein levels, whereas the Drp1 protein level (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 vs. d-Gal group) was down-regulated. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Further research on the elderly population will contribute to the development and utilization of SPJ for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Academy of Nutrition and Health Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Jin-Xin Wang
- College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhang-E. Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Hu
- College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Ao-Jia Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Academy of Nutrition and Health Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Chang-Cheng Zhang
- College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhou
- College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Academy of Nutrition and Health Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
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13
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Andraini T, Moulédous L, Petsophonsakul P, Florian C, Gauzin S, Botella-Daloyau M, Arrázola M, Nikolla K, Philip A, Leydier A, Marque M, Arnauné-Pelloquin L, Belenguer P, Rampon C, Miquel MC. Mitochondrial OPA1 Deficiency Is Associated to Reversible Defects in Spatial Memory Related to Adult Neurogenesis in Mice. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0073-23.2023. [PMID: 37863658 PMCID: PMC10668243 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0073-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are integrative hubs central to cellular adaptive pathways. Such pathways are critical in highly differentiated postmitotic neurons, the plasticity of which sustains brain function. Consequently, defects in mitochondria and in their dynamics appear instrumental in neurodegenerative diseases and may also participate in cognitive impairments. To directly test this hypothesis, we analyzed cognitive performances in a mouse mitochondria-based disease model, because of haploinsufficiency in the mitochondrial optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1) protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics. In males, we evaluated adult hippocampal neurogenesis parameters using immunohistochemistry. We performed a battery of tests to assess basal behavioral characteristics and cognitive performances, and tested putative treatments. While in dominant optic atrophy (DOA) mouse models, the known main symptoms are late onset visual deficits, we discovered early impairments in hippocampus-dependent spatial memory attributable to defects in adult neurogenesis. Moreover, less connected adult-born hippocampal neurons showed a decrease in mitochondrial content. Remarkably, voluntary exercise or pharmacological treatment targeting mitochondrial dynamics restored spatial memory in DOA mice. Altogether, our study identifies a crucial role for OPA1-dependent mitochondrial functions in adult neurogenesis, and thus in hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions. More generally, our findings show that adult neurogenesis is highly sensitive to mild mitochondrial defects, generating impairments in spatial memory that can be detected at an early stage and counterbalanced by physical exercise and pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial dynamics. Thus, amplification of mitochondrial function at an early stage appears beneficial for late-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinovita Andraini
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Lionel Moulédous
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Petnoi Petsophonsakul
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédrick Florian
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Gauzin
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Botella-Daloyau
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Macarena Arrázola
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Kamela Nikolla
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Adam Philip
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice Leydier
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Manon Marque
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Belenguer
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Rampon
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Christine Miquel
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Toulouse 3, 31400, Toulouse, France
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14
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Zeng S, Du L, Lu G, Xing Y. CREG Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells loss and Retinal Function Impairment Against ischemia-reperfusion Injury in mice via Akt Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6018-6028. [PMID: 37402034 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The irreversible death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (CREG), a secreted glycoprotein involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation, has been shown to protect against myocardial and renal ischemia-reperfusion damage. However, the role of CREG in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of CREG on RGCs apoptosis after RIRI. METHODS We used male C57BL/6J mice to establish the RIRI model. Recombinant CREG was injected at 1 day before RIRI. The expression and distribution of CREG were examined by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. RGCs survival was assessed by immunofluorescence staining of flat-mounted retinas. Retinal apoptosis was measured by the staining of TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling and cleaved caspase-3. Electroretinogram (ERG) analysis and optomotor response were conducted to evaluate retinal function and visual acuity. The expressions of Akt, phospho-Akt (p-Akt), Bax, and Bcl-2 were analyzed by western blotting to determine the signaling pathways of CREG. RESULTS We found that CREG expression was decreased after RIRI, and intravitreal injection of CREG attenuated RGCs loss and retinal apoptosis. Besides, the amplitudes of a-wave, b-wave, and photopic negative response (PhNR) in ERG, as well as visual function, were significantly restored after treatment with CERG. Furthermore, intravitreal injection of CREG upregulated p-Akt and Bcl-2 expression and downregulated Bax expression. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that CREG protected RGCs from RIRI and alleviated retinal apoptosis by activating Akt signaling. In addition, CREG also improved retinal function and visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zeng
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Du
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Lu
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Gao L, Wang T, Zhuoma D, Yuan R, Huang S, Li B. Farrerol attenuates glutamate-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1009-1016. [PMID: 37348480 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Farrerol is a flavonoid found in plants with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including protection and enhancement of nerve cell function, as well as antioxidant and antibacterial properties, among others. Neurodegenerative diseases are irreversible neurological disorders resulting from the loss of neuronal cells in the brain and spinal cord. In this experiment, we investigated the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of farrerol on glutamate-induced HT22 cells. Our results showed that farrerol inhibited reactive oxygen species expression, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, and the activation of caspases 3 and 9 in HT22 cells induced by glutamate. Additionally, farrerol potentially regulated the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, as it attenuated the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and promoted the expression of HO-1. These findings suggest that farrerol has potential as a new therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhuoma
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Ruiying Yuan
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
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16
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Park D, Yu Y, Kim JH, Lee J, Park J, Hong K, Seo JK, Lim C, Min KT. Suboptimal Mitochondrial Activity Facilitates Nuclear Heat Shock Responses for Proteostasis and Genome Stability. Mol Cells 2023; 46:374-386. [PMID: 37077029 PMCID: PMC10258458 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress induces dynamic changes in nuclear proteins and relevant physiology as a part of the heat shock response (HSR). However, how the nuclear HSR is fine-tuned for cellular homeostasis remains elusive. Here, we show that mitochondrial activity plays an important role in nuclear proteostasis and genome stability through two distinct HSR pathways. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) depletion enhanced the nucleolar granule formation of HSP70 and ubiquitin during HSR while facilitating the recovery of damaged nuclear proteins and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport. Treatment of the mitochondrial proton gradient uncoupler masked MRP-depletion effects, implicating oxidative phosphorylation in these nuclear HSRs. On the other hand, MRP depletion and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger non-additively decreased mitochondrial ROS generation during HSR, thereby protecting the nuclear genome from DNA damage. These results suggest that suboptimal mitochondrial activity sustains nuclear homeostasis under cellular stress, providing plausible evidence for optimal endosymbiotic evolution via mitochondria-to-nuclear communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkeun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Youngim Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Ji-hyung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jongbin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kido Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jeong-Kon Seo
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Chunghun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
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17
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Markitantova Y, Simirskii V. Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells: An Updated Antioxidant Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10776. [PMID: 37445953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs a range of necessary functions within the neural layers of the retina and helps ensure vision. The regulation of pro-oxidative and antioxidant processes is the basis for maintaining RPE homeostasis and preventing retinal degenerative processes. Long-term stable changes in the redox balance under the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors can lead to oxidative stress (OS) and the development of a number of retinal pathologies associated with RPE dysfunction, and can eventually lead to vision loss. Reparative autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome utilization, the repair of damaged proteins, and the maintenance of their conformational structure are important interrelated mechanisms of the endogenous defense system that protects against oxidative damage. Antioxidant protection of RPE cells is realized as a result of the activity of specific transcription factors, a large group of enzymes, chaperone proteins, etc., which form many signaling pathways in the RPE and the retina. Here, we discuss the role of the key components of the antioxidant defense system (ADS) in the cellular response of the RPE against OS. Understanding the role and interactions of OS mediators and the components of the ADS contributes to the formation of ideas about the subtle mechanisms in the regulation of RPE cellular functions and prospects for experimental approaches to restore RPE functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Markitantova
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Simirskii
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Mormone E, Iorio EL, Abate L, Rodolfo C. Sirtuins and redox signaling interplay in neurogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, and neural cell reprogramming. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1073689. [PMID: 36816109 PMCID: PMC9929468 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1073689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) there are still mechanism to be clarified, such as the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the regulation of endogenous adult neurogenesis and its implication in neurodegeneration. Although stem cells require glycolysis to maintain their stemness, they can perform oxidative phosphorylation and it is becoming more and more evident that mitochondria are central players, not only for ATP production but also for neuronal differentiation's steps regulation, through their ability to handle cellular redox state, intracellular signaling, epigenetic state of the cell, as well as the gut microbiota-brain axis, upon dietary influences. In this scenario, the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) repair system would link mitochondrial DNA integrity to the modulation of neural differentiation. On the other side, there is an increasing interest in NSCs generation, from induced pluripotent stem cells, as a clinical model for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), although this methodology still presents several drawbacks, mainly related to the reprogramming process. Indeed, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), associated with telomere shortening, genomic instability, and defective mitochondrial dynamics, lead to pluripotency limitation and reprogramming efficiency's reduction. Moreover, while a physiological or moderate ROS increase serves as a signaling mechanism, to activate differentiation and suppress self-renewal, excessive oxidative stress is a common feature of NDs and aging. This ROS-dependent regulatory effect might be modulated by newly identified ROS suppressors, including the NAD+-dependent deacetylase enzymes family called Sirtuins (SIRTs). Recently, the importance of subcellular localization of NAD synthesis has been coupled to different roles for NAD in chromatin stability, DNA repair, circadian rhythms, and longevity. SIRTs have been described as involved in the control of both telomere's chromatin state and expression of nuclear gene involved in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression, as well as in several NDs and aging. SIRTs are ubiquitously expressed in the mammalian brain, where they play important roles. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on how SIRTs-dependent modulation of mitochondrial metabolism could impact on neurogenesis and neurodegeneration, focusing mainly on ROS function and their role in SIRTs-mediated cell reprogramming and telomere protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Mormone
- Unitá Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy,*Correspondence: Elisabetta Mormone, ;
| | | | - Lucrezia Abate
- Unitá Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Rodolfo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,Department of Paediatric Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy,Carlo Rodolfo,
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19
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Rahman MM, Tumpa MAA, Rahaman MS, Islam F, Sutradhar PR, Ahmed M, Alghamdi BS, Hafeez A, Alexiou A, Perveen A, Ashraf GM. Emerging Promise of Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Mitochondria in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1081-1099. [PMID: 36927428 PMCID: PMC10286587 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230316150559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for homeostasis and metabolism in all cellular eukaryotes. Brain mitochondria are the primary source of fuel that supports many brain functions, including intracellular energy supply, cellular calcium regulation, regulation of limited cellular oxidative capacity, and control of cell death. Much evidence suggests that mitochondria play a central role in neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ongoing studies of NDDs have revealed that mitochondrial pathology is mainly found in inherited or irregular NDDs and is thought to be associated with the pathophysiological cycle of these disorders. Typical mitochondrial disturbances in NDDs include increased free radical production, decreased ATP synthesis, alterations in mitochondrial permeability, and mitochondrial DNA damage. The main objective of this review is to highlight the basic mitochondrial problems that occur in NDDs and discuss the use mitochondrial drugs, especially mitochondrial antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability transition blockade, and mitochondrial gene therapy, for the treatment and control of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Afroza Alam Tumpa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Popy Rani Sutradhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- The Neuroscience Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
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20
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He CL, Tang Y, Chen X, Long T, He YN, Wei J, Wu JM, Lan C, Yu L, Huang FH, Gu CW, Liu J, Yu CL, Wong VKW, Law BYK, Qin DL, Wu AG, Zhou XG. Folium Hibisci Mutabilis extract, a potent autophagy enhancer, exhibits neuroprotective properties in multiple models of neurodegenerative diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154548. [PMID: 36610154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein aggregates are considered key pathological features in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The induction of autophagy can effectively promote the clearance of ND-related misfolded proteins. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to screen natural autophagy enhancers from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) presenting potent neuroprotective potential in multiple ND models. METHODS The autophagy enhancers were broadly screened in our established herbal extract library using the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) DA2123 strain. The neuroprotective effects of the identified autophagy enhancers were evaluated in multiple C. elegans ND models by measuring Aβ-, Tau-, α-synuclein-, and polyQ40-induced pathologies. In addition, PC-12 cells and 3 × Tg-AD mice were employed to further validate the neuroprotective ability of the identified autophagy enhancers, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, RNAi bacteria and autophagy inhibitors were used to evaluate whether the observed effects of the identified autophagy enhancers were mediated by the autophagy-activated pathway. RESULTS The ethanol extract of Folium Hibisci Mutabilis (FHME) was found to significantly increase GFP::LGG-1-positive puncta in the DA2123 worms. FHME treatment markedly inhibited Aβ, α-synuclein, and polyQ40, as well as prolonging the lifespan and improving the behaviors of C. elegans, while siRNA targeting four key autophagy genes partly abrogated the protective roles of FHME in C. elegans. Additionally, FHME decreased the expression of AD-related proteins and restored cell viability in PC-12 cells, which were canceled by cotreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or bafilomycin A1 (Baf). Moreover, FHME ameliorated AD-like cognitive impairment and pathology, as well as activating autophagy in 3 × Tg-AD mice. CONCLUSION FHME was successfully screened from our natural product library as a potent autophagy enhancer that exhibits a neuroprotective effect in multiple ND models across species through the induction of autophagy. These findings offer a new and reliable strategy for screening autophagy inducers, as well as providing evidence that FHME may serve as a possible therapeutic agent for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Long He
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Tao Long
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yan-Ni He
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Cai Lan
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Fei-Hong Huang
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Cong-Wei Gu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chong-Lin Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Vincent Kam-Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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21
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya H, Chacko L, Singh B, Chaudhary A, Javvaji K, Pradhan SR, Vallamkondu J, Dey A, Kalra RS, Jha NK, Jha SK, Reddy PH, Kandimalla R. Altered glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: Role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:134-157. [PMID: 36206930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a decline in its metabolism directly reflects on brain function. Weighing on recent evidence, here we systematically assessed the aberrant glucose metabolism associated with amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau accumulation in AD brain. Interlink between insulin signaling and AD highlighted the involvement of the IRS/PI3K/Akt/AMPK signaling, and GLUTs in the disease progression. While shedding light on the mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective glucose metabolism, we further assessed functional consequences of AGEs (advanced glycation end products) accumulation, polyol activation, and other contributing factors including terminal respiration, ROS (reactive oxygen species), mitochondrial permeability, PINK1/parkin defects, lysosome-mitochondrial crosstalk, and autophagy/mitophagy. Combined with the classic plaque and tangle pathologies, glucose hypometabolism with acquired insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction potentiate these factors to exacerbate AD pathology. To this end, we further reviewed AD and DM (diabetes mellitus) crosstalk in disease progression. Taken together, the present work discusses the emerging role of altered glucose metabolism, contributing impact of insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective cerebral glucose utilization in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, 1601 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Regional Station, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Orinin-BioSystems, LE-52, Lotus Road 4, CHD City, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Kalpana Javvaji
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India
| | | | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh Kalra
- Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 9040495, Japan
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology Departments School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, India.
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22
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Islam F, Islam MM, Khan Meem AF, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Akter A, Mitra S, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Khusro A, Simal-Gandara J, Eftekhari A, Karimi F, Baghayeri M. Multifaceted role of polyphenols in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136020. [PMID: 35985383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are conditions that cause neuron structure and/or function to deteriorate over time. Genetic alterations may be responsible for several NDDs. However, a multitude of physiological systems can trigger neurodegeneration. Several NDDs, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, are assigned to oxidative stress (OS). Low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are crucial for maintaining normal brain activities, as their increasing concentrations can promote neural apoptosis. OS-mediated neurodegeneration has been linked to several factors, including notable dysfunction of mitochondria, excitotoxicity, and Ca2+ stress. However, synthetic drugs are commonly utilized to treat most NDDs, and these treatments have been known to have side effects during treatment. According to providing empirical evidence, studies have discovered many occurring natural components in plants used to treat NDDs. Polyphenols are often safer and have lesser side effects. As, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, celastrol, berberine, genistein, and luteolin have p-values less than 0.05, so they are typically considered to be statistically significant. These polyphenols could be a choice of interest as therapeutics for NDDs. This review highlighted to discusses the putative effectiveness of polyphenols against the most prevalent NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India; Centre for Research and Development, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
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23
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Khot M, Sood A, Tryphena KP, Khan S, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. NLRP3 inflammasomes: A potential target to improve mitochondrial biogenesis in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 934:175300. [PMID: 36167151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition for which no approved treatment exists to prevent collective neuronal death. There is ample evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and associated caspase activity underlie the pathology observed. Neurons rely on mitochondrial activity since they have such high energy consumption. Therefore, it is not surprising that mitochondrial alterations favour neuronal degeneration. In particular, mitochondrial dysregulation contributes to PD, based on the observation that mitochondrial toxins can cause parkinsonism in humans and animal models. Also, it is known that inflammatory cytokine-mediated neuroinflammation is the key pathogenic mechanism in neuronal loss. In recent years, the research has focussed on mitochondria being the platform for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 activation are emerging as critical players in inducing and sustaining neuroinflammation. Moreover, mitochondrial-derived ROS and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could serve as the priming signal for forming inflammasome complexes responsible for the activation, maturation, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1(IL-1) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The current review takes a more comprehensive approach to elucidating the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant NLRP3 activation in PD. In addition, we focus on some inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammatory pathways to alleviate the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Khot
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Anika Sood
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Sabiya Khan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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24
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Inagaki E, Yoshimatsu S, Okano H. Accelerated neuronal aging in vitro ∼melting watch ∼. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:868770. [PMID: 36016855 PMCID: PMC9397486 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.868770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In developed countries, the aging of the population and the associated increase in age-related diseases are causing major unresolved medical, social, and environmental matters. Therefore, research on aging has become one of the most important and urgent issues in life sciences. If the molecular mechanisms of the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases are elucidated, we can expect to develop disease-modifying methods to prevent neurodegeneration itself. Since the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), there has been an explosion of disease models using disease-specific iPSCs derived from patient-derived somatic cells. By inducing the differentiation of iPSCs into neurons, disease models that reflect the patient-derived pathology can be reproduced in culture dishes, and are playing an active role in elucidating new pathological mechanisms and as a platform for new drug discovery. At the same time, however, we are faced with a new problem: how to recapitulate aging in culture dishes. It has been pointed out that cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells are juvenile, retain embryonic traits, and may not be fully mature. Therefore, attempts are being made to induce cell maturation, senescence, and stress signals through culture conditions. It has also been reported that direct conversion of fibroblasts into neurons can reproduce human neurons with an aged phenotype. Here, we outline some state-of-the-art insights into models of neuronal aging in vitro. New frontiers in which stem cells and methods for inducing differentiation of tissue regeneration can be applied to aging research are just now approaching, and we need to keep a close eye on them. These models are forefront and intended to advance our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of aging and contribute to the development of novel therapies for human neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Inagaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Yoshimatsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hideyuki Okano,
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25
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Mendes D, Peixoto F, Oliveira MM, Andrade PB, Videira RA. Mitochondria research and neurodegenerative diseases: on the track to understanding the biological world of high complexity. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:67-79. [PMID: 35623557 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
From the simple unicellular eukaryote to the highly complex multicellular organism like Human, mitochondrion emerges as a ubiquitous player to ensure the organism's functionality. It is popularly known as "the powerhouse of the cell" by its key role in ATP generation. However, our understanding of the physiological relevance of mitochondria is being challenged by data obtained in different fields. In this review, a short history of the mitochondria research field is presented, stressing the findings and questions that allowed the knowledge advances, and put mitochondrion as the main player of safeguarding organism life as well as a key to solve the puzzle of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mendes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- Chemistry Center - Vila Real (CQ-VR), Biological and Environment Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria M Oliveira
- Chemistry Center - Vila Real (CQ-VR), Chemistry Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
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26
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Liu Y, Li H, Zheng Z, Niu A, Liu S, Li W, Ren P, Liu Y, Inam M, Guan L, Ma H. Rosa rugosa polysaccharide induces autophagy-mediated apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:257-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Soares MV, Mesadri J, Gonçalves DF, Cordeiro LM, Franzen da Silva A, Obetine Baptista FB, Wagner R, Dalla Corte CL, Soares FAA, Ávila DS. Neurotoxicity induced by toluene: In silico and in vivo evidences of mitochondrial dysfunction and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118856. [PMID: 35033616 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Toluene is an air pollutant widely used as an organic solvent in industrial production and emitted by fossil fuel combustion, in addition to being used as a drug of abuse. Its toxic effects in the central nervous system have not been well established, and how and which neurons are affected remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to fill this gap by investigating three central questions: 1) How does toluene induce neurotoxicity? 2) Which neurons are affected? And 3) What are the long-term effects induced by airborne exposure to toluene? To this end, a Caenorhabditis elegans model was employed, in which worms at the fourth larval stage were exposed to toluene in the air for 24 h in a vapor chamber to simulate four exposure scenarios. After the concentration-response curve analysis, we chose scenarios 3 (E3: 792 ppm) and 4 (E4: 1094 ppm) for the following experiments. The assays were performed 1, 48, or 96 h after removal from the exposure environments, and an irreversible reduction in neuron fluorescence and morphologic alterations were observed in different neurons of exposed worms, particularly in the dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, a significant impairment in a dopaminergic-dependent behavior was also associated with negative effects in healthspan endpoints, and we also noted that mitochondria may be involved in toluene-induced neurotoxicity since lower adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) levels and mitochondrial viability were observed. In addition, a reduction of electron transport chain activity was evidenced using ex vivo protocols, which were reinforced by in silico and in vitro analysis, demonstrating toluene action in the mitochondrial complexes. Based on these findings model, it is plausible that toluene neurotoxicity can be initiated by complex I inhibition, triggering a mitochondrial dysfunction that may lead to irreversible dopaminergic neuronal death, thus impairing neurobehavioral signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Valandro Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mesadri
- Departamento: Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciência Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Farina Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marafiga Cordeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Franzen da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Bicca Obetine Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Departamento: Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciência Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lenz Dalla Corte
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Evaluation of 6-Hydroxydopamine and Rotenone In Vitro Neurotoxicity on Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells Using Applied Computational Statistics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063009. [PMID: 35328430 PMCID: PMC8953223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in life expectancy and consequent aging of the world’s population, the prevalence of many neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, without concomitant improvement in diagnostics and therapeutics. These diseases share neuropathological hallmarks, including mitochondrial dysfunction. In fact, as mitochondrial alterations appear prior to neuronal cell death at an early phase of a disease’s onset, the study and modulation of mitochondrial alterations have emerged as promising strategies to predict and prevent neurotoxicity and neuronal cell death before the onset of cell viability alterations. In this work, differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were treated with the mitochondrial-targeted neurotoxicants 6-hydroxydopamine and rotenone. These compounds were used at different concentrations and for different time points to understand the similarities and differences in their mechanisms of action. To accomplish this, data on mitochondrial parameters were acquired and analyzed using unsupervised (hierarchical clustering) and supervised (decision tree) machine learning methods. Both biochemical and computational analyses resulted in an evident distinction between the neurotoxic effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and rotenone, specifically for the highest concentrations of both compounds.
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Barmaver SN, Muthaiyan Shanmugam M, Chang Y, Bayansan O, Bhan P, Wu GH, Wagner OI. Loss of intermediate filament IFB-1 reduces mobility, density and physiological function of mitochondria in C. elegans sensory neurons. Traffic 2022; 23:270-286. [PMID: 35261124 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and intermediate filament (IF) accumulations often occur during imbalanced axonal transport leading to various types of neurological diseases. It is still poorly understood whether a link between neuronal IFs and mitochondrial mobility exist. In C. elegans, among the 11 cytoplasmic IF family proteins, IFB-1 is of particular interest as it is expressed in a subset of sensory neurons. Depletion of IFB-1 leads to mild dye-filling and significant chemotaxis defects as well as reduced life span. Sensory neuron development is affected and mitochondria transport is slowed down leading to reduced densities of these organelles. Mitochondria tend to cluster in neurons of IFB-1 mutants likely independent of the fission and fusion machinery. Oxygen consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential is measurably reduced in worms carrying mutations in the ifb-1 gene. Membrane potential also seems to play a role in transport such as FCCP treatment led to increased directional switching of mitochondria. Mitochondria colocalize with IFB-1 in worm neurons and appear in a complex with IFB-1 in pull-down assays. In summary, we propose a model in which neuronal intermediate filaments may serve as critical (transient) anchor points for mitochondria during their long-range transport in neurons for steady and balanced transport. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nooruzuha Barmaver
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yen Chang
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Odvogmed Bayansan
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Prerana Bhan
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Research Center for Healthy Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Gong-Her Wu
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Oliver I Wagner
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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30
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Benaroya H. Understanding mitochondria and the utility of optimization as a canonical framework for identifying and modeling mitochondrial pathways. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:657-690. [PMID: 35219282 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of our current understanding of mitochondrial function as a framework to motivate the hypothesis that mitochondrial behavior is governed by optimization principles that are constrained by the laws of the physical and biological sciences. Then, mathematical optimization tools can generally be useful to model some of these processes under reasonable assumptions and limitations. We are specifically interested in optimizations via variational methods, which are briefly summarized. Within such an optimization framework, we suggest that the numerous mechanical instigators of cell and intracellular functioning can be modeled utilizing some of the principles of mechanics that govern engineered systems, as well as by the frequently observed feedback and feedforward mechanisms that coordinate the multitude of processes within cells. These mechanical aspects would need to be coupled to governing biochemical rules. Of course, biological systems are significantly more complex than engineered systems, and require considerably more experimentation to ascertain and characterize parameters and subsequent behavior. That complexity requires well-defined limitations and assumptions for any derived models. Optimality is being motivated as a framework to help us understand how cellular decisions are made, especially those that transition between physiological behaviors and dysfunctions along pathophysiological pathways. We elaborate on our interpretation of optimality and cellular decision making within the body of this paper, as we revisit these ideas in the numerous different contexts of mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haym Benaroya
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
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31
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Zhang J, Hu T, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Lin J, Tang X, Liu X, Chen M, Khan NU, Shen L, Luo P. Investigating the Neurotoxic Impacts of Arsenic and the Neuroprotective Effects of Dictyophora Polysaccharide Using SWATH-MS-Based Proteomics. Molecules 2022; 27:1495. [PMID: 35268596 PMCID: PMC8911851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the most important toxic elements in the natural environment. Currently, although the assessment of the potential health risks of chronic arsenic poisoning has received great attention, the research on the effects of arsenic on the brain is still limited. It has been reported that dictyophora polysaccharide (DIP), a common bioactive natural compound found in dietary plants, could reduce arsenic toxicity. Following behavioral research, comparative proteomics was performed to explore the molecular mechanism of arsenic toxicity to the hippocampi of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats and the protective effect of DIP. The results showed that exposure to arsenic impaired the spatial learning and memory ability of SD rats, while DIP treatment improved both the arsenic-exposed rats. Proteomic analysis showed that arsenic exposure dysregulated the expression of energy metabolism, apoptosis, synapse, neuron, and mitochondria related proteins in the hippocampi of arsenic-exposed rats. However, DIP treatment reversed or restored the expression levels of these proteins, thereby improving the spatial learning and memory ability of arsenic-exposed rats. This study is the first to use high-throughput proteomics to reveal the mechanism of arsenic neurotoxicity in rats as well as the protective mechanism of DIP against arsenic neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Ting Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinglai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Huajie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Jing Lin
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Xukun Liu
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Margy Chen
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Naseer Ullah Khan
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.); (X.T.); (X.L.); (N.U.K.)
| | - Peng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
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32
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Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and apoptosis in major depressive disorder: Does inflammation play a role? Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1095-1102. [PMID: 34650203 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated neuroinflammatory pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Here, we aimed to assess the differences in markers of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, general autophagy, and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MDD patients (n = 77) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 24). Moreover, we studied inflammation engagement as a moderator of mitochondria dysfunctions on the severity of depressive symptoms. We found increased levels of Mfn-2 (p < 0.001), short Opa-1 (S-Opa-1) (p < 0.001) and Fis-1 (p < 0.001) in MDD patients, suggesting an increase in the mitochondrial fragmentation. We also found that MDD patients had higher levels of Pink-1 (p < 0.001), p62/SQSTM1 (p < 0.001), LC3B (p = 0.002), and caspase-3 active (p = 0.001), and lower levels of parkin (p < 0.001) compared with HCs. Moreover, we showed that that MDD patients with higher CRP levels had higher levels of Mfn-2 (p = 0.001) and LC3B (p = 0.002) when compared with MDD patients with low CRP. Another notable finding was that the severity of depressive symptoms in MDD is associated with changes in protein levels in pathways related to mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, and can be dependent on the inflammatory status. Overall, our study demonstrated that a disruption in the mitochondrial dynamics network could initiate a cascade of abnormal changes relevant to the critical pathological changes during the course of MDD and lead to poor outcomes.
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Overexpression of Neuroglobin Promotes Energy Metabolism and Autophagy Induction in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123394. [PMID: 34943907 PMCID: PMC8699457 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin (NGB) is an O2-binding globin mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and cerebrospinal fluid. Previously, it was demonstrated that NGB overexpression protects cells from hypoxia-induced death. To investigate processes promoted by NGB overexpression, we used a cellular model of neuroblastoma stably overexpressing an NGB-FLAG construct. We used a proteomic approach to identify the specific profile following NGB overexpression. To evaluate the role of NGB overexpression in increasing energetic metabolism, we measured oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the extracellular acidification rate through Seahorse XF technology. The effect on autophagy induction was evaluated by analyzing SQSTM1/p62 and LC3-II expression. Proteomic analysis revealed several differentially regulated proteins, involved in oxidative phosphorylation and integral mitochondrial proteins linked to energy metabolism. The analysis of mitochondrial metabolism demonstrated that NGB overexpression increases mitochondrial ATP production. Indeed, NGB overexpression enhances bioenergetic metabolism, increasing OCR and oxygen consumption. Analysis of autophagy induction revealed an increase of LC3-II together with a significant decrease of SQSTM1/p62, and NGB-LC3-II association during autophagosome formation. These results highlight the active participation of NGB in several cellular processes that can be upregulated in response to NGB overexpression, playing a role in the adaptive response to stress in neuroblastoma cells.
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González LF, Bevilacqua LE, Naves R. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Strategies to Repair the Mitochondrial Function in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2055. [PMID: 34959337 PMCID: PMC8707316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital organelles in eukaryotic cells that control diverse physiological processes related to energy production, calcium homeostasis, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and cell death. Several studies have demonstrated that structural and functional mitochondrial disturbances are involved in the development of different neuroinflammatory (NI) and neurodegenerative (ND) diseases (NI&NDDs) such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Remarkably, counteracting mitochondrial impairment by genetic or pharmacologic treatment ameliorates neurodegeneration and clinical disability in animal models of these diseases. Therefore, the development of nanosystems enabling the sustained and selective delivery of mitochondria-targeted drugs is a novel and effective strategy to tackle NI&NDDs. In this review, we outline the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, altered mitophagy, oxidative stress, energy deficit, and proteinopathies in NI&NDDs. In addition, we review different strategies for selective mitochondria-specific ligand targeting and discuss novel nanomaterials, nanozymes, and drug-loaded nanosystems developed to repair mitochondrial function and their therapeutic benefits protecting against oxidative stress, restoring cell energy production, preventing cell death, inhibiting protein aggregates, and improving motor and cognitive disability in cellular and animal models of different NI&NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo Naves
- Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (L.F.G.); (L.E.B.)
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35
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Empowering Melatonin Therapeutics with Drosophila Models. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040067. [PMID: 34698120 PMCID: PMC8544433 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin functions as a central regulator of cell and organismal function as well as a neurohormone involved in several processes, e.g., the regulation of the circadian rhythm, sleep, aging, oxidative response, and more. As such, it holds immense pharmacological potential. Receptor-mediated melatonin function mainly occurs through MT1 and MT2, conserved amongst mammals. Other melatonin-binding proteins exist. Non-receptor-mediated activities involve regulating the mitochondrial function and antioxidant cascade, which are frequently affected by normal aging as well as disease. Several pathologies display diseased or dysfunctional mitochondria, suggesting melatonin may be used therapeutically. Drosophila models have extensively been employed to study disease pathogenesis and discover new drugs. Here, we review the multiple functions of melatonin through the lens of functional conservation and model organism research to empower potential melatonin therapeutics to treat neurodegenerative and renal diseases.
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36
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Benaroya H. Brain energetics, mitochondria, and traumatic brain injury. Rev Neurosci 2021; 31:363-390. [PMID: 32004148 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We review current thinking about, and draw connections between, brain energetics and metabolism, and between mitochondria and traumatic brain injury. Energy is fundamental to proper brain function. Its creation in a useful form for neurons and glia, and consistently in response to the brain's high energy needs, is critical for physiological pathways. Dysfunction in the mechanisms of energy production is at the center of neurological and neuropsychiatric pathologies. We examine the connections between energetics and mitochondria - the organelle responsible for almost all the energy production in the cell - and how secondary pathologies in traumatic brain injury result from energetic dysfunction. This paper interweaves these topics, a necessity since they are closely coupled, and identifies where there exist a lack of understanding and of data. In addition to summarizing current thinking in these disciplines, our goal is to suggest a framework for the mathematical modeling of mechanisms and pathways based on optimal energetic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haym Benaroya
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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37
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Du J, Song D, Cao T, Li Y, Liu J, Li B, Li L. Saikosaponin-A induces apoptosis of cervical cancer through mitochondria- and endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent pathway in vitro and in vivo: involvement of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:2221-2232. [PMID: 34520332 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1974791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer causes considerable mortality in women worldwide. Saikosaponin-A, a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from Bupleurum falcatum, has been proven to exert anti-cancer property. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of saikosaponin-A on cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that saikosaponin-A induced cell death and altered cellular morphology dose-dependently. Saikosaponin-A significantly induced apoptosis in HeLa cells, confirmed by Hoechst 33,342 staining and flow cytometry. Sequentially, saikosaponin-A triggered the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis demonstrated by deficiency of MMP, induction of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, leakage of cytochrome c to cytoplasm, and activation of caspase-3. Moreover, ER stress also participated in the apoptosis induced by saikosaponin-A in HeLa cells as indicated by the upregulation of GPR78, CHOP and caspase-12 expression. Furthermore, HeLa cells showed increased expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT in response to saikosaponin-A treatment. Additionally, saikosaponin-A could inhibit HeLa tumor growth in nude mice and induce apoptosis, reflected by the induction of TUNEL and the expression of cytochrome c, caspase-3 and CHOP confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These findings at least to a certain extent suggested that saikosaponin-A triggered apoptosis through both mitochondrial pathway and ER stress pathway and inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling, thereby contributing to against cervical cancer. This work provides a new understanding of saikosaponin-A on therapeutic application in treatment of cancer, which has the potential to be a promising candidate therapeutic agent for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikun Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Central Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shajing People's Hospital of Bao'an Shenzhen, The Second People's Hospital of Bao'an Shenzhen (Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Daibo Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tianshou Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuanhua Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jierong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Baohong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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38
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Surinkaew P, Apaijai N, Sawaddiruk P, Jaiwongkam T, Kerdphoo S, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Mitochondrial Fusion Promoter Alleviates Brain Damage in Rats with Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:993-1003. [PMID: 32804148 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induces brain damage through increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, microglial hyperactivity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, amyloid-β deposition, loss of dendritic spines, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, and imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics. Previous studies demonstrated that mitochondrial fusion promoter reduced cardiac damage from cardiac I/R injury; however, following cardiac I/R injury, the roles of mitochondrial dynamics on the brain have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of pharmacological modulation using mitochondrial fusion promoter (M1) in the brain of rats following cardiac I/R injury. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were separated into two groups; 1) sham-operation (n = 8) and 2) cardiac I/R injury (n = 16). Rats in the cardiac I/R injury group were randomly received either normal saline solution as a vehicle or a mitochondrial fusion promoter (M1, 2 mg/kg) intravenously. Both treatments were given to the rats 15 minutes before cardiac I/R injury. At the end of the reperfusion protocol, the brain was rapidly removed to investigate brain mitochondrial function, mitochondrial dynamics proteins, microglial activity, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) related proteins. RESULTS Cardiac I/R injury induced brain mitochondrial dynamics imbalance as indicated by reduced mitochondrial fusion proteins expression without alteration in mitochondrial fission, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, BBB breakdown, increased macrophage infiltration, apoptosis, and AD-related proteins. Pretreatment with M1 effectively increased the expression of mitofusin 2, a mitochondrial outer membrane fusion protein, reduced brain mitochondrial dysfunction, BBB breakdown, macrophage infiltration, apoptosis, and AD-related proteins in rats following cardiac I/R injury. CONCLUSION This mitochondrial fusion promoter significantly protected rats with cardiac I/R injury against brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poomarin Surinkaew
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lamphun Hospital, Lamphun, Thailand.,Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Passakorn Sawaddiruk
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Living with the enemy: from protein-misfolding pathologies we know, to those we want to know. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101391. [PMID: 34119687 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conformational diseases are caused by the aggregation of misfolded proteins. The risk for such pathologies develops years before clinical symptoms appear, and is higher in people with alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) polymorphisms. Thousands of people with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) are underdiagnosed. Enemy-aggregating proteins may reside in these underdiagnosed AATD patients for many years before a pathology for AATD fully develops. In this perspective review, we hypothesize that the AAT protein could exert a new and previously unconsidered biological effect as an endogenous metal ion chelator that plays a significant role in essential metal ion homeostasis. In this respect, AAT polymorphism may cause an imbalance of metal ions, which could be correlated with the aggregation of amylin, tau, amyloid beta, and alpha synuclein proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, respectively.
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40
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Decreased Interactions between Calmodulin and a Mutant Huntingtin Model Might Reduce the Cytotoxic Level of Intracellular Ca 2+: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169025. [PMID: 34445734 PMCID: PMC8396531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant huntingtin (m-HTT) proteins and calmodulin (CaM) co-localize in the cerebral cortex with significant effects on the intracellular calcium levels by altering the specific calcium-mediated signals. Furthermore, the mutant huntingtin proteins show great affinity for CaM that can lead to a further stabilization of the mutant huntingtin aggregates. In this context, the present study focuses on describing the interactions between CaM and two huntingtin mutants from a biophysical point of view, by using classical Molecular Dynamics techniques. The huntingtin models consist of a wild-type structure, one mutant with 45 glutamine residues and the second mutant with nine additional key-point mutations from glutamine residues into proline residues (9P(EM) model). Our docking scores and binding free energy calculations show higher binding affinities of all HTT models for the C-lobe end of the CaM protein. In terms of dynamic evolution, the 9P(EM) model triggered great structural changes into the CaM protein’s structure and shows the highest fluctuation rates due to its structural transitions at the helical level from α-helices to turns and random coils. Moreover, our proposed 9P(EM) model suggests much lower interaction energies when compared to the 45Qs-HTT mutant model, this finding being in good agreement with the 9P(EM)’s antagonistic effect hypothesis on highly toxic protein–protein interactions.
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Qiu LZ, Zhou W, Yue LX, Wang YH, Hao FR, Li PY, Gao Y. Repeated Aconitine Treatment Induced the Remodeling of Mitochondrial Function via AMPK-OPA1-ATP5A1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646121. [PMID: 34177570 PMCID: PMC8224173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconitine is attracting increasing attention for its unique positive inotropic effect on the cardiovascular system, but underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. The cardiotonic effect always requires abundant energy supplement, which is mainly related to mitochondrial function. And OPA1 has been documented to play a critical role in mitochondrial morphology and energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the potential role of OPA1-mediated regulation of energy metabolism in the positive inotropic effect caused by repeated aconitine treatment and the possible mechanism involved. Our results showed that repeated treatment with low-doses (0-10 μM) of aconitine for 7 days did not induce detectable cytotoxicity and enhanced myocardial contraction in Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes (NRVMs). Also, we first identified that no more than 5 μM of aconitine triggered an obvious perturbation of mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes by accelerating mitochondrial fusion, biogenesis, and Parkin-mediated mitophagy, followed by the increase in mitochondrial function and the cellular ATP content, both of which were identified to be related to the upregulation of ATP synthase α-subunit (ATP5A1). Besides, with compound C (CC), an inhibitor of AMPK, could reverse aconitine-increased the content of phosphor-AMPK, OPA1, and ATP5A1, and the following mitochondrial function. In conclusion, this study first demonstrated that repeated aconitine treatment could cause the remodeling of mitochondrial function via the AMPK-OPA1-ATP5A1 pathway and provide a possible explanation for the energy metabolism associated with cardiotonic effect induced by medicinal plants containing aconitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Xin Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Ran Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Yan Li
- The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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42
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Lushnikova I, Nikandrova Y, Skibo G. Mitochondrial Events Determine the Status of Hippocampal Cells in the Post-Ischemic Period. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:1246-1250. [PMID: 34097225 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Lushnikova
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Yelyzaveta Nikandrova
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01024, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Skibo
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01024, Ukraine
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Shil SK, Kagawa Y, Umaru BA, Nanto-Hara F, Miyazaki H, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi S, Suzuki C, Abe T, Owada Y. Ndufs4 ablation decreases synaptophysin expression in hippocampus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10969. [PMID: 34040028 PMCID: PMC8155116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered function of mitochondrial respiratory chain in brain cells is related to many neurodegenerative diseases. NADH Dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 (Ndufs4) is one of the subunits of mitochondrial complex I and its mutation in human is associated with Leigh syndrome. However, the molecular biological role of Ndufs4 in neuronal function is poorly understood. In this study, upon Ndufs4 expression confirmation in NeuN-positive neurons, and GFAP-positive astrocytes in WT mouse hippocampus, we found significant decrease of mitochondrial respiration in Ndufs4-KO mouse hippocampus. Although there was no change in the number of NeuN positive neurons in Ndufs4-KO hippocampus, the expression of synaptophysin, a presynaptic protein, was significantly decreased. To investigate the detailed mechanism, we silenced Ndufs4 in Neuro-2a cells and we observed shorter neurite lengths with decreased expression of synaptophysin. Furthermore, western blot analysis for phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase (pERK) revealed that Ndufs4 silencing decreases the activity of ERK signalling. These results suggest that Ndufs4-modulated mitochondrial activity may be involved in neuroplasticity via regulating synaptophysin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kumar Shil
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Banlanjo Abdulaziz Umaru
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fumika Nanto-Hara
- Division of Animal Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0901, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-0905, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Zhu J, Yang X, Li X, Han S, Zhu Y, Xu L. Tang Luo Ning, a Traditional Chinese Compound Prescription, Ameliorates Schwannopathy of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Rats by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics In Vivo and In Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:650448. [PMID: 34054529 PMCID: PMC8160508 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tang Luo Ning (TLN), a traditional Chinese compound prescription, has been used clinically to treat diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in China. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of this study is to unravel the effects of TLN on mitochondrial dynamics of DPN in streptozotocin-induced rat models and Schwann cells cultured in 150 mM glucose. Mitochondrial function was determined by Ca2+ and ATP levels of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DPN rats and mitochondria structure, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mtDNA of high glucose incubated SCs. Mitochondrial dynamics protein including mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) were investigated using Western blot or immunofluorescence. Myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin protein zero (MPZ), and sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box 10 (Sox10) were measured to represent schwannopathy. Our results showed that TLN increased ATP levels (0.38 of model, 0.69 of HTLN, 0.61 of LTLN, P<0.01; 0.52 of 150 mM glucose, 1.00 of 10% TLN, P<0.01, 0.94 of 1% TLN, P<0.05), MMP (0.56 of 150 mM glucose, P<0.01, 0.75 of 10% TLN, P<0.05, 0.83 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), and mtDNA (0.32 of 150 mM glucose, 0.43 of 10% TLN, P<0.01) while decreased Ca2+ (1.54 of model, 1.06 of HTLN, 0.96 of LTLN, P<0.01) to improve mitochondrial function in vivo and in vitro. TLN helps maintain balance of mitochondrial dynamics: it reduces the mitochondria number (1.60 of 150 mM glucose, 1.10 of 10% TLN, P<0.01) and increases the mitochondria coverage (0.51 of 150 mM glucose, 0.80 of 10% TLN, 0.87 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), mitochondrial network size (0.51 of 150 mM glucose, 0.95 of 10% TLN, 0.94 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), and branch length (0.63 of 150 mM glucose, P<0.01, 0.73 of 10% TLN, P<0.05, 0.78 of 1% TLN, P<0.01). Further, mitochondrial dynamics–related Mfn1 (0.47 of model, 0.82 of HTLN, 0.77 of LTLN, P<0.01; 0.42 of 150 mM glucose, 0.56 of 10% TLN, 0.57 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), Mfn2 (0.40 of model, 0.84 of HTLN, 0.63 of LTLN, P<0.01; 0.46 of 150 mM glucose, 1.40 of 10% TLN, 1.40 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), and Opa1 (0.58 of model, 0.71 of HTLN, 0.90 of LTLN, P<0.01; 0.69 of 150 mM glucose, 0.96 of 10% TLN, 0.98 of 1% TLN, P<0.05) were increased, while Drp1 (1.39 of model, 0.96 of HTLN, 1.18 of LTLN, P<0.01; 1.70 of 150 mM glucose, 1.20 of 10% TLN, 1.10 of 1% TLN, P<0.05), phosphorylated Drp1 (2.61 of model, 1.44 of HTLN, P<0.05; 2.80 of 150 mM glucose, 1.50 of 10% TLN, 1.30 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), and Drp1 located in mitochondria (1.80 of 150 mM glucose, 1.00 of 10% TLN, P<0.05) were decreased after treatment with TLN. Additionally, TLN improved schwannopathy by increasing MBP (0.50 of model, 1.05 of HTLN, 0.94 of HTLN, P<0.01; 0.60 of 150 mM glucose, 0.78 of 10% TLN, P<0.01, 0.72 of 1% TLN, P<0.05), Sox101 (0.41 of model, 0.99 of LTLN, P<0.01; 0.48 of 150 mM glucose, 0.65 of 10% TLN, P<0.05, 0.69 of 1% TLN, P<0.01), and MPZ (0.48 of model, 0.66 of HTLN, 0.55 of HTLN, P<0.01; 0.60 of 150 mM glucose, 0.78 of 10% TLN, P<0.01, 0.75 of 1% TLN, P<0.05) expressions. In conclusion, our study indicated that TLN’s function on DPN may link to the improvement of the mitochondrial dynamics, which provides scientific evidence for the clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwei Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Diasease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mitochondrial dysfunction: A potential target for Alzheimer's disease intervention and treatment. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1991-2002. [PMID: 33962036 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative brain disorder which manifests as a progressive decline in cognitive function. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the early stages of AD, and advances the progression of this age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Therefore, it can be a potential target for interventions to treat AD. Several therapeutic strategies to target mitochondrial dysfunction have gained significant attention in the preclinical stage, but the clinical trials performed to date have shown little progress. Thus, we discuss the mechanisms and strategies of different therapeutic agents for targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. We hope that this review will inspire and guide the development of efficient AD drugs in the future.
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Yang L, Chen Y, Zhou J, Sun J, Jiang W, Liu T, Rao C, Pan X. Aconitine induces mitochondrial energy metabolism dysfunction through inhibition of AMPK signaling and interference with mitochondrial dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Lett 2021; 347:36-44. [PMID: 33945864 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aconitine, a highly toxic alkaloid derived from Aconitum L., affects the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. However, the underlying mechanism of aconitine-induced neurotoxicity remains unclear. This study investigates the effects and mechanism of aconitine on mitochondrial energy metabolism in SH-SY5Y cells. Results demonstrated that aconitine exposure suppressed cell proliferation and led to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and excessive lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Aconitine (400 μmol/L) induced abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism that quantified by the significant decrease in ATP production, basal respiration, proton leak, maximal respiration, and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Phosphorylation of AMPK was significantly reduced in aconitine-treated SH-SY5Y cells. The AMPK activator AIACR pretreatment effectively promoted ATP production to ameliorate mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder caused by aconitine. Mitochondrial biosynthesis was inhibited after treatment with 400 μmol/L aconitine, which was characterized by mitochondria number, TFAM expression, and mtDNA copy number. Moreover, aconitine prompted the down-regulation of mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1, Mfn1 and Mfn2, and the up-regulation of mitochondrial fission proteins p-Drp1 and p-Mff. These results suggest that aconitine induces mitochondrial energy metabolism dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells, which may involve the inhibition of AMPK signaling and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wanyanhan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- School of Sport, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chaolong Rao
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; R&D Center for Efficiency, Safety and Application in Chinese Materia Medica with Medical and Edible Values, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Pan
- School of Pharmacy and School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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The Multifaceted Roles of Zinc in Neuronal Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050489. [PMID: 33946782 PMCID: PMC8145363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a highly abundant cation in the brain, essential for cellular functions, including transcription, enzymatic activity, and cell signaling. However, zinc can also trigger injurious cascades in neurons, contributing to the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria, critical for meeting the high energy demands of the central nervous system (CNS), are a principal target of the deleterious actions of zinc. An increasing body of work suggests that intracellular zinc can, under certain circumstances, contribute to neuronal damage by inhibiting mitochondrial energy processes, including dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), leading to ATP depletion. Additional consequences of zinc-mediated mitochondrial damage include reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial permeability transition, and excitotoxic calcium deregulation. Zinc can also induce mitochondrial fission, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation, as well as inhibition of mitochondrial motility. Here, we review the known mechanisms responsible for the deleterious actions of zinc on the organelle, within the context of neuronal injury associated with neurodegenerative processes. Elucidating the critical contributions of zinc-induced mitochondrial defects to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration may provide insight into novel therapeutic targets in the clinical setting.
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48
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Tukker AM, Royal CD, Bowman AB, McAllister KA. The Impact of Environmental Factors on Monogenic Mendelian Diseases. Toxicol Sci 2021; 181:3-12. [PMID: 33677604 PMCID: PMC8599782 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors and gene-environment interactions modify the variable expressivity, progression, severity, and onset of some classic (monogenic) Mendelian-inherited genetic diseases. Cystic fibrosis, Huntington disease, Parkinson's disease, and sickle cell disease are examples of well-known Mendelian disorders that are influenced by exogenous exposures. Environmental factors may act by direct or indirect mechanisms to modify disease severity, timing, and presentation, including through epigenomic influences, protein misfolding, miRNA alterations, transporter activity, and mitochondrial effects. Because pathological features of early-onset Mendelian diseases can mimic later onset complex diseases, we propose that studies of environmental exposure vulnerabilities using monogenic model systems of rare Mendelian diseases have high potential to provide insight into complex disease phenotypes arising from multi-genetic/multi-toxicant interactions. Mendelian disorders can be modeled by homologous mutations in animal model systems with strong recapitulation of human disease etiology and natural history, providing an important advantage for study of these diseases. Monogenic high penetrant mutations are ideal for toxicant challenge studies with a wide variety of environmental stressors, because background genetic variability may be less able to alter the relatively strong phenotype driving disease-causing mutations. These models promote mechanistic understandings of gene-environment interactions and biological pathways relevant to both Mendelian and related sporadic complex disease outcomes by creating a sensitized background for relevant environmental risk factors. Additionally, rare disease communities are motivated research participants, creating the potential of strong research allies among rare Mendelian disease advocacy groups and disease registries and providing a variety of translational opportunities that are under-utilized in genetic or environmental health science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke M Tukker
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2051
| | - Charmaine D Royal
- Departments of African and African American Studies, Biology, Global Health, and Family Medicine and Community Health and Center on Genomics, Race, Identity, Difference, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2051
| | - Kimberly A McAllister
- Genes Environment and Health Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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Scaini G, Andrews T, Lima CNC, Benevenuto D, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical event in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:23-36. [PMID: 33340709 PMCID: PMC10494232 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) remains modest, despite recent advances in neurobiological research. The mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis of bipolar disorder has been corroborated by several studies involving postmortem brain analysis, neuroimaging, and specific biomarkers in both rodent models and humans. Evidence suggests that BD might be related to abnormal mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, neuroimmune dysfunction, and atypical mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders is also associated with abnormal Ca2+ levels, glutamate excitotoxicity, an imbalance between pro- and antiapoptotic proteins towards apoptosis, abnormal gene expression of electron transport chain complexes, and decreased ATP synthesis. This paper aims to review and discuss the implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in BD etiology and to explore mitochondria as a potential target for novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taylor Andrews
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Camila N C Lima
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Benevenuto
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and traffic jams in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:102-110. [PMID: 33639271 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal loss anatomically or physiologically and accumulation of protein in the cells. Mitochondria provide energy to these neuronal cells consuming 20% of the body's oxygen. Mitochondria are the dynamic membrane-bound cell organelles that function to generate ATP, regulate calcium homeostasis, and produce reactive oxygen species. Because of alterations in the electron transport chain, mutation, and environmental toxins, there is reduced ATP production, calcium dyshomeostasis, and increased oxidative stress, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS. ALS is described as the loss of upper and lower motor neurons resulting in progressive muscle denervation and loss of voluntary movements. There are multiple shreds of evidence in the literature regarding the mechanism involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and possible therapeutic targets to treat the condition. Moreover, different studies reported the role of different gene mutations and malfunctions in transport system responsible for the accumulation and aggregation of the proteins inside the brain cells. This accumulation and/or aggregation of proteins in the neuronal cells is known as neuronal traffic jam, which also plays the leading role in the progressive neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we have elucidated the critical insights into mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal traffic jam; and its role in the initiation and progression of ALS. Moreover, the pharmacological targets and possible conducts to this scenario are also brought together.
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