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Chen X, Wu W, Jeong JH, Rokavec M, Wei R, Feng S, Schroth W, Brauch H, Zhong S, Luo JL. Cytokines-activated nuclear IKKα-FAT10 pathway induces breast cancer tamoxifen-resistance. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1413-1426. [PMID: 38565741 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy that blocks estrogen signaling is the most effective treatment for patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, the efficacy of agents such as tamoxifen (Tam) is often compromised by the development of resistance. Here we report that cytokines-activated nuclear IKKα confers Tam resistance to ER+ breast cancer by inducing the expression of FAT10, and that the expression of FAT10 and nuclear IKKα in primary ER+ human breast cancer was correlated with lymphotoxin β (LTB) expression and significantly associated with relapse and metastasis in patients treated with adjuvant mono-Tam. IKKα activation or enforced FAT10 expression promotes Tam-resistance while loss of IKKα or FAT10 augments Tam sensitivity. The induction of FAT10 by IKKα is mediated by the transcription factor Pax5, and coordinated via an IKKα-p53-miR-23a circuit in which activation of IKKα attenuates p53-directed repression of FAT10. Thus, our findings establish IKKα-to-FAT10 pathway as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of Tam-resistant ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Weilin Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Ji-Hak Jeong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Matjaz Rokavec
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shaolong Feng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Werner Schroth
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, 70376, Germany
- iFIT Cluster of Excellence, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72074, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, 70376, Germany
- iFIT Cluster of Excellence, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72074, Germany
| | - Shangwei Zhong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA.
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Henyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, USA.
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Henyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Guo QY, Song JN, Chen YM, Yuan HN, Xue WS, Sun Y, Niu XL, Wang Y, Chen X. IL-6 regulates epithelial ovarian cancer EMT, invasion, and metastasis by modulating Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:155. [PMID: 38744773 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) play important roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumor development. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-6 promotes EMT, invasion, and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells by activating the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. MicroRNA (miRNA) is non-coding small RNAs that also play an important role in tumor development. Notably, Let-7 and miR-200 families are prominently altered in EOC. However, whether IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7 and miR-200 families through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling to induce EMT in EOC remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations using two EOC cell lines, SKOV3, and OVCAR3 cells. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 down-regulates the mRNA levels of Let-7c and miR-200c while up-regulating their target genes HMGA2 and ZEB1 through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling in EOC cells and in vivo. Additionally, to explore the regulatory role of HIF-1α on miRNAs, both exogenous HIF blockers YC-1 and endogenous high expression or inhibition of HIF-1α can be utilized. Both approaches can confirm that the downstream molecule HIF-1α inhibits the expression and function of Let-7c and miR-200c. Further mechanistic research revealed that the overexpression of Let-7c or miR-200c can reverse the malignant evolution of EOC cells induced by IL-6, including EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Consequently, our results suggest that IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway, thereby promoting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in EOC cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yun Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Technology, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jiang Nan Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yu Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hai Ning Yuan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Shu Xue
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiu Long Niu
- Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Dermatosis in Alpine Environment of Plateau, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
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3
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Xiao Y, Liu Y, Sun Y, Huang C, Zhong S. MEIS2 suppresses breast cancer development by downregulating IL10. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2064. [PMID: 38711262 PMCID: PMC11074520 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed female cancer. Homeobox protein MEIS2, a key transcription factor, is involved in the regulation of many developmental and cellular processes. However, the role of MEIS2 in the development of breast cancer is still unclear. AIMS We aimed to examine the role of myeloid ecotropic insertion site (MEIS2) in breast cancer and the association of MEIS2 with breast cancer clinical stages and pathological grades. We revealed the underlying mechanism by which MEIS2 affected breast cancer cell growth and tumor development. METHODS AND RESULTS Using human BC cell lines, clinical samples and animal xenograft model, we reveal that MEIS2 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. The expression of MEIS2 is inversely correlated with BC clinical stages and pathological grades. MEIS2 knockdown (MEIS2-KD) promotes while MEIS2 overexpression suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor development in vitro and in animal xenograft models, respectively. To determine the biological function of MEIS2, we screen the expression of a group of MEIS2 potential targeting genes in stable-established cell lines. Results show that the knockdown of MEIS2 in breast cancer cells up-regulates the IL10 expression, but MEIS2 overexpression opposed the effect on IL10 expression. Furthermore, the suppressive role of MEIS2 in breast cancer cell proliferation is associated with the IL10 expression and myeloid cells infiltration. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the tumor suppressor of MEIS2 in breast cancer progression is partially via down regulating the expression of IL10 and promoting myeloid cells infiltration. Targeting MEIS2 would be a potentially therapeutic avenue for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yingzhe Liu
- Xiangya International Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yangqing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityHunanChina
| | - Changhao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityHunanChina
| | - Shangwei Zhong
- The Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
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4
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Kzar Al-Shukri HH, Abdul-Jabbar Ali S, Al-Akkam KA, Hjazi A, Rasulova I, Mustafa YF, Al-Saidi DN, Alasheqi MQ, Alawadi A, Alsaalamy A. The role of exo-miRNA in diagnosis and treatment of cancers, focusing on effective miRNAs in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:280-289. [PMID: 38225535 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Small extracellular (EV) particles known as exosomes are released by a variety of cell types, including immune system cells, stem cells, and tumor cells. They are regarded as a subgroup of EVs and have a diameter that ranges from 30 to 150 nm. Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (including RNA and DNA), and different bioactive compounds are among the wide range of biomolecules that make up the cargo of exosomes. Exosomes are crucial for intercellular communication because they let cells share information and signaling chemicals. They are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses, tissue regeneration, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, it is essential to continue research into exosome-based cancer medicines to advance understanding, improve treatment plans, create personalized tactics, ensure safety, and speed up clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah H Kzar Al-Shukri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, Uzbekistan
- Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Dahlia N Al-Saidi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Kirkuk, Iraq
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5
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Wang D, Yin GH. Non-coding RNAs mediated inflammation in breast cancers. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:215-220. [PMID: 37244867 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major cancer that affects women all over the world. The awareness over past several decades has led to intensive screening and detection as well as successful treatments. Still, the breast cancer mortality is unacceptable and needs to be urgently addressed. Among many factors, inflammation has often been associated with tumorigenesis, including breast cancer. More than a third of all breast cancer deaths are marked by deregulated inflammation. The exact mechanisms are still not completely known but among the many putative factors, the epigenetic changes, particularly those mediated by non-coding RNAs are fascinating. microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs as well as circular RNAs seem to impact the inflammation in breast cancer which further highlights their important regulatory role in breast cancer pathogenesis. Understanding inflammation in breast cancer and its regulation by non-coding RNAs is the primary objective of this review article. We attempt to provide the most complete information on the topic in hopes of opening new areas of research and discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Guang-Hao Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China.
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6
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Song M, Wang Y, Annex BH, Popel AS. Experiment-based computational model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling exhibit similar potency in inducing downstream signaling in endothelial cells. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:45. [PMID: 37735165 PMCID: PMC10514195 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokine mediated responses are important in the development of many diseases that are associated with angiogenesis. Targeting angiogenesis as a prominent strategy has shown limited effects in many contexts such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. One potential reason for the unsuccessful outcome is the mutual dependent role between inflammation and angiogenesis. Inflammation-based therapies primarily target inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) in T cells, macrophages, cancer cells, and muscle cells, and there is a limited understanding of how these cytokines act on endothelial cells. Thus, we focus on one of the major inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, mediated intracellular signaling in endothelial cells by developing a detailed computational model. Our model quantitatively characterized the effects of IL-6 classic and trans-signaling in activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to phosphorylate STAT3, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, respectively. We applied the trained and validated experiment-based computational model to characterize the dynamics of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), Akt (pAkt), and ERK (pERK) in response to IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling. The model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling induced responses are IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) dose-dependent. Also, IL-6 classic and trans-signaling showed similar potency in inducing downstream signaling; however, trans-signaling induces stronger downstream responses and plays a dominant role in the overall effects from IL-6 due to the in vitro experimental setting of abundant sIL-6R. In addition, both IL-6 and sIL-6R levels regulate signaling strength. Moreover, our model identifies the influential species and kinetic parameters that specifically modulate the downstream inflammatory and/or angiogenic signals, pSTAT3, pAkt, and pERK responses. Overall, the model predicts the effects of IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling stimulation quantitatively and provides a framework for analyzing and integrating experimental data. More broadly, this model can be utilized to identify potential targets that influence IL-6 mediated signaling in endothelial cells and to study their effects quantitatively in modulating STAT3, Akt, and ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Youli Wang
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Brian H Annex
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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7
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Chin Y, Gumilar KE, Li XG, Tjokroprawiro BA, Lu CH, Lu J, Zhou M, Sobol RW, Tan M. Targeting HSF1 for cancer treatment: mechanisms and inhibitor development. Theranostics 2023; 13:2281-2300. [PMID: 37153737 PMCID: PMC10157728 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) is a master regulator of heat shock responsive signaling. In addition to playing critical roles in cellular heat shock response, emerging evidence suggests that HSF1 also regulates a non-heat shock responsive transcriptional network to handle metabolic, chemical, and genetic stress. The function of HSF1 in cellular transformation and cancer development has been extensively studied in recent years. Due to important roles for HSF1 for coping with various stressful cellular states, research on HSF1 has been very active. New functions and molecular mechanisms underlying these functions have been continuously discovered, providing new targets for novel cancer treatment strategies. In this article, we review the essential roles and mechanisms of HSF1 action in cancer cells, focusing more on recently discovered functions and their underlying mechanisms to reflect the new advances in cancer biology. In addition, we emphasize new advances with regard to HSF1 inhibitors for cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Chin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Khanisyah E Gumilar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Brahmana A. Tjokroprawiro
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chien-Hsing Lu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Robert W. Sobol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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8
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Mishra A, Kumar R, Mishra SN, Vijayaraghavalu S, Tiwari NK, Shukla GC, Gurusamy N, Kumar M. Differential Expression of Non-Coding RNAs in Stem Cell Development and Therapeutics of Bone Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081159. [PMID: 37190068 PMCID: PMC10137108 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells' self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation are regulated by a complex network consisting of signaling factors, chromatin regulators, transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Diverse role of ncRNAs in stem cell development and maintenance of bone homeostasis have been discovered recently. The ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs, micro RNAs, circular RNAs, small interfering RNA, Piwi-interacting RNAs, etc., are not translated into proteins but act as essential epigenetic regulators in stem cells' self-renewal and differentiation. Different signaling pathways are monitored efficiently by the differential expression of ncRNAs, which function as regulatory elements in determining the fate of stem cells. In addition, several species of ncRNAs could serve as potential molecular biomarkers in early diagnosis of bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone cancers, ultimately leading to the development of new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to explore the specific roles of ncRNAs and their effective molecular mechanisms in the growth and development of stem cells, and in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Furthermore, we focus on and explore the association of altered ncRNA expression with stem cells and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Rishabh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Satya Narayan Mishra
- Maa Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Prayagraj 211009, India
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Tiwari
- Department of IT-Satellite Centre, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Girish C Shukla
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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9
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Song M, Wang Y, Annex BH, Popel AS. Experiment-based Computational Model Predicts that IL-6 Trans-Signaling Plays a Dominant Role in IL-6 mediated signaling in Endothelial Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.03.526721. [PMID: 36778489 PMCID: PMC9915676 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.03.526721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokine mediated responses are important in the development of many diseases that are associated with angiogenesis. Targeting angiogenesis as a prominent strategy has shown limited effects in many contexts such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and cancer. One potential reason for the unsuccessful outcome is the mutual dependent role between inflammation and angiogenesis. Inflammation-based therapies primarily target inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) in T cells, macrophages, cancer cells, muscle cells, and there is a limited understanding of how these cytokines act on endothelial cells. Thus, we focus on one of the major inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, mediated intracellular signaling in endothelial cells by developing a detailed computational model. Our model quantitatively characterized the effects of IL-6 classic and trans-signaling in activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to phosphorylate STAT3, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, respectively. We applied the trained and validated experiment-based computational model to characterize the dynamics of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), Akt (pAkt), and extracellular regulated kinase (pERK) in response to IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling. The model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling induced responses are IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) dose-dependent. Also, IL-6 trans-signaling induces stronger downstream signaling and plays a dominant role in the overall effects from IL-6. In addition, both IL-6 and sIL-6R levels regulate signaling strength. Moreover, our model identifies the influential species and kinetic parameters that specifically modulate the pSTAT3, pAkt, and pERK responses, which represent potential targets for inflammatory cytokine mediated signaling and angiogenesis-based therapies. Overall, the model predicts the effects of IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling stimulation quantitatively and provides a framework for analyzing and integrating experimental data. More broadly, this model can be utilized to identify targets that influence inflammatory cytokine mediated signaling in endothelial cells and to study the effects of angiogenesis- and inflammation-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 21205
| | - Youli Wang
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA 30912
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA 30912
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 21205
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10
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Abstract
The HER2+ subtype of human breast cancer is associated with the malignant transformation of luminal ductal cells of the mammary epithelium. The sequence analysis of tumor DNA identifies loss of function mutations and deletions of the MAP2K4 and MAP2K7 genes that encode direct activators of the JUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). We report that in vitro studies of human mammary epithelial cells with CRISPR-induced mutations in the MAPK and MAP2K components of the JNK pathway caused no change in growth in 2D culture, but these mutations promoted epithelial cell proliferation in 3D culture. Analysis of gene expression signatures in 3D culture demonstrated similar changes caused by HER2 activation and JNK pathway loss. The mechanism of signal transduction cross-talk may be mediated, in part, by JNK-suppressed expression of integrin α6β4 that binds HER2 and amplifies HER2 signaling. These data suggest that HER2 activation and JNK pathway loss may synergize to promote breast cancer. To test this hypothesis, we performed in vivo studies using a mouse model of HER2+ breast cancer with Cre/loxP-mediated ablation of genes encoding JNK (Mapk8 and Mapk9) and the MAP2K (Map2k4 and Map2k7) that activate JNK in mammary epithelial cells. Kaplan-Meier analysis of tumor development demonstrated that JNK pathway deficiency promotes HER2+-driven breast cancer. Collectively, these data identify JNK pathway genes as potential suppressors for HER2+ breast cancer.
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11
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Sil S, Bertilla J, Rupachandra S. A comprehensive review on RNA interference-mediated targeting of interleukins and its potential therapeutic implications in colon cancer. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:18. [PMID: 36568500 PMCID: PMC9768089 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the world's fourth leading cause of death. It is cancer of the latter part of the large intestine, i.e. the colon. Chronic inflammation over a long period also leads to the development of cancer. Cancer in the colon region is arduous to diagnose and is detected at a later stage when it metastasizes to other parts of the body like the liver, lungs, peritoneum, etc. Colon cancer is a great example of solid tumours associated with chronic inflammation. Although conventional therapies are effective, they lose their effectiveness beyond a certain point. Relapse of the disease occurs frequently. RNA interference (RNAi) is emerging as a great tool to specifically attack the cancer cells of a target site like the colon. RNAi deals with epigenetic changes made in the defective cells which ultimately leads to their death without harming the healthy cells. In this review, two types of epigenetic modulators have been considered, namely siRNA and miRNA, and their effect on interleukins. Interleukins, a class of cytokines, are major inflammatory responses of the body that are released by immune cells like leukocytes and macrophages. Some of these interleukins are pro-inflammatory, thereby promoting inflammation which eventually causes cancer. RNAi can prevent colon cancer by inhibiting pro-inflammatory interleukins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagari Sil
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu 603 203 India
| | - Janet Bertilla
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu 603 203 India
| | - S. Rupachandra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu 603 203 India
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12
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Yang Z, Wan W, Zhang P, Wang S, Zhao Z, Xue J, Yao M, Zhao Y, Zheng W, Niu B, Wang M, Li H, Guo W, Ren Z, Hu Y. Crosstalk between heat shock factor 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 mediated by interleukin-8 autocrine signaling maintains the cancer stem cell phenotype in liver cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:138-152. [PMID: 36300571 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) cause therapeutic refractoriness and relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) plays versatile roles in multiple cancers. However, the role of HSF1 in LCSCs is not well understood. This study investigated the function and signal mechanisms of HSF1 in maintaining LCSC phenotypes. METHODS We established two LCSC lines, HepG2-R and HuH-7-R. Constitutive activation of HSF1 was observed in these LCSCs. Specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and chemical inhibitors were used to identify the relationship between HSF1 expression and LCSCs phenotypes. RESULTS We revealed a concomitant activation modality involving HSF1 and STAT3 in LCSCs and liver cancer tissues. We also found that liver cancer patients whose HSF1 and STAT3 mRNA expression levels were high presented with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Moreover, the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was elevated in the LCSC medium and was directly regulated by HSF1 at the transcriptional level. In turn, IL-8 activated HSF1 and STAT3 signaling, and a neutralizing IL-8 antibody inhibited HSF1 and STAT3 activity, reduced cancer stem cell marker expression, and decreased LCSC microsphere formation. Simultaneous intervention with HSF1 and STAT3 led to synergistically suppressed stemness acquisition and growth suppression in the LCSCs in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that IL-8 mediates the crosstalk between the HSF1 and Stat3 signaling pathways in LCSCs and that the combined targeting of HSF1 and STAT3 is a promising treatment strategy for patients with advanced liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Yang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenjuan Wan
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Pai Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuangfeng Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infections, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Henan University-Affiliated Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Xue
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengzhuo Yao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weifeng Zheng
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Baohua Niu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weikai Guo
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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13
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Guo H, Zhuang K, Ding N, Hua R, Tang H, Wu Y, Yuan Z, Li T, He S. High-fat diet induced cyclophilin B enhances STAT3/lncRNA-PVT1 feedforward loop and promotes growth and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:883. [PMID: 36266267 PMCID: PMC9584950 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) has been implicated to promote colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, oncogene Cyclophilin B (CypB) is reported to be induced by cholesterol. However, the role of CypB in CRC carcinogenesis and metastasis associated with HFD remains unknown. In the present study, we showed that HFD-induced CypB enhances proliferation and metastasis through an inflammation-driven circuit, including Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3)-triggered transcription of lncRNA-PVT1, and its binding with CypB that promotes activation of STAT3. CypB was found to be upregulated in CRC, which was correlated with elevated body mass index and poor prognosis. HFD induced CypB expression and proinflammatory cytokines in colon of mice. Besides, CypB restoration facilitated growth, invasion and metastasis in CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RIP sequencing data identified lncRNA-PVT1 as a functional binding partner of CypB. Mechanistically, PVT1 increased the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 in response to IL-6, through directly interaction with CypB, which impedes the binding of Suppressors Of Cytokine Signalling 3 (SOCS3) to STAT3. Furthermore, STAT3 in turn activated PVT1 transcription through binding to its promoter, forming a regulatory loop. Finally, this CypB/STAT3/PVT1 axis was verified in TCGA datasets and CRC tissue arrays. Our data revealed that CypB linked HFD and CRC malignancy by enhancing the CypB/STAT3/PVT1 feedforward axis and activation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Guo
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Department of Gastroenterology, Xi’an Central Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kun Zhuang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Department of Gastroenterology, Xi’an Central Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ning Ding
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Hua
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hailing Tang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Department of Gastroenterology, Xi’an Central Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Wu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ting Li
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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14
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Ahmad S, Manzoor S, Siddiqui S, Mariappan N, Zafar I, Ahmad A, Ahmad A. Epigenetic underpinnings of inflammation: Connecting the dots between pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and COVID-19. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 83:384-398. [PMID: 33484868 PMCID: PMC8046427 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential component of several respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is central to lung cancer, the leading cancer in terms of associated mortality that has affected millions of individuals worldwide. Inflammation and pulmonary manifestations are also the major causes of COVID-19 related deaths. Acute hyperinflammation plays an important role in the COVID-19 disease progression and severity, and development of protective immunity against the virus is greatly sought. Further, the severity of COVID-19 is greatly enhanced in lung cancer patients, probably due to the genes such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, PAI-1 and furin that are commonly involved in cancer progression as well as SAR-CoV-2 infection. The importance of inflammation in pulmonary manifestations, cancer and COVID-19 calls for a closer look at the underlying processes, particularly the associated increase in IL-6 and other cytokines, the dysregulation of immune cells and the coagulation pathway. Towards this end, several reports have identified epigenetic regulation of inflammation at different levels. Expression of several key inflammation-related cytokines, chemokines and other genes is affected by methylation and acetylation while non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs as well as long non-coding RNAs, also affect the overall inflammatory responses. Select miRNAs can regulate inflammation in COVID-19 infection, lung cancer as well as other inflammatory lung diseases, and can serve as epigenetic links that can be therapeutically targeted. Furthermore, epigenetic changes also mediate the environmental factors-induced inflammation. Therefore, a better understanding of epigenetic regulation of inflammation can potentially help develop novel strategies to prevent, diagnose and treat chronic pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shajer Manzoor
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Simmone Siddiqui
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nithya Mariappan
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Iram Zafar
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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15
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Yarani R, Shojaeian A, Palasca O, Doncheva NT, Jensen LJ, Gorodkin J, Pociot F. Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865777. [PMID: 35734163 PMCID: PMC9208551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Differential microRNA (miRNA or miR) regulation is linked to the development and progress of many diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is well-established that miRNAs are involved in the differentiation, maturation, and functional control of immune cells. miRNAs modulate inflammatory cascades and affect the extracellular matrix, tight junctions, cellular hemostasis, and microbiota. This review summarizes current knowledge of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues and peripheral blood of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. We combined comprehensive literature curation with computational meta-analysis of publicly available high-throughput datasets to obtain a consensus set of miRNAs consistently differentially expressed in mucosal tissues. We further describe the role of the most relevant differentially expressed miRNAs in IBD, extract their potential targets involved in IBD, and highlight their diagnostic and therapeutic potential for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yarani
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Reza Yarani, ; Flemming Pociot,
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Oana Palasca
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadezhda T. Doncheva
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Juhl Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Gorodkin
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Reza Yarani, ; Flemming Pociot,
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16
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Li H, Zheng Q, Xie X, Wang J, Zhu H, Hu H, He H, Lu Q. Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Bone-Related Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:811666. [PMID: 35004702 PMCID: PMC8733689 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.811666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases seriously affect the lives of patients and carry a heavy economic burden on society. Treatment methods cannot meet the diverse clinical needs of affected patients. Exosomes participate in the occurrence and development of many diseases through intercellular communication, including bone-related diseases. Studies have shown that exosomes can take-up and “package” non-coding RNAs and “deliver” them to recipient cells, thereby regulating the function of recipient cells. The exosomal non-coding RNAs secreted by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and other cells are involved in the regulation of bone-related diseases by inhibiting osteoclasts, enhancing chondrocyte activity and promoting angiogenesis. Here, we summarize the role and therapeutic potential of exosomal non-coding RNAs in the bone-related diseases osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone-fracture healing, and discuss the clinical application of exosomes in patients with bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiyue Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoye Hu
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Liu Z, Ren Y, Meng L, Li L, Beatson R, Deng J, Zhang T, Liu J, Han X. Epigenetic Signaling of Cancer Stem Cells During Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772211. [PMID: 34722553 PMCID: PMC8554148 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors pose a great challenge to human health, which has led to many studies increasingly elucidating the tumorigenic process. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have profound impacts on tumorigenesis and development of drug resistance. Recently, there has been increased interest in the relationship between inflammation and CSCs but the mechanism underlying this relationship has not been fully elucidated. Inflammatory cytokines produced during chronic inflammation activate signaling pathways that regulate the generation of CSCs through epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the effects of inflammation on cancer stem cells, particularly the role of signaling pathways such as NF-κB pathway, STAT3 pathway and Smad pathway involved in regulating epigenetic changes. We hope to provide a novel perspective for improving strategies for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingfang Meng
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhengzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Henan Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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18
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Targeting Inflammatory Signaling in Prostate Cancer Castration Resistance. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215000. [PMID: 34768524 PMCID: PMC8584457 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) as a whole, by its name, refers to the tumors that relapse and/or regrow independently of androgen after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), untreated tumor, even in early-stage primary prostate cancer (PCa), contains androgen-independent (AI) PCa cells. The transformation of androgen-dependent (AD) PCa to AI PCa under ADT is a forced evolutionary process, in which the small group of AI PCa cells that exist in primary tumors has the unique opportunity to proliferate and expand selectively and dominantly, while some AD PCa cells that have escaped from ADT-induced death acquire the capability to survive in an androgen-depleted environment. The adaptation and reprogramming of both PCa cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) under ADT make PCa much stronger than primary tumors so that, currently, there are no effective therapeutic methods available for the treatment of CRPC. Many mechanisms have been found to be related to the emergence and maintenance of PCa castration resistance; in this review, we focus on the role of inflammatory signaling in both PCa cells and the TME for the emergence and maintenance of CRPC and summarize the recent advances of therapeutic strategies that target inflammatory signaling for the treatment of CRPC.
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19
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Qiao K, Chen Q, Cao Y, Li J, Xu G, Liu J, Cui X, Tian K, Zhang W. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Articular Cartilage Lesions and Degenerative Joint Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:698614. [PMID: 34422779 PMCID: PMC8371972 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.698614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two leading contributors to the global disability are cartilage lesions and degenerative joint diseases, which are characterized by the progressive cartilage destruction. Current clinical treatments often fail due to variable outcomes and an unsatisfactory long-term repair. Cell-based therapies were once considered as an effective solution because of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppression characteristics as well as their differentiation capacity to regenerate the damaged tissue. However, stem cell-based therapies have inherent limitations, such as a high tumorigenicity risk, a low retention, and an engraftment rate, as well as strict regulatory requirements, which result in an underwhelming therapeutic effect. Therefore, the non-stem cell-based therapy has gained its popularity in recent years. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), in particular, like the paracrine factors secreted by stem cells, have been proven to play a role in mediating the biological functions of target cells, and can achieve the therapeutic effect similar to stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the therapeutic role of EVs in cartilage lesions and degenerative joint diseases can be discussed both in terms of time and favorability. In this review, we summarized the physiological environment of a joint and its pathological alteration after trauma and consequent changes in EVs, which are lacking in the current literature studies. In addition, we covered the potential working mechanism of EVs in the repair of the cartilage and the joint and also discussed the potential therapeutic applications of EVs in future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qiao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yiguo Cao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gang Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kang Tian
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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20
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Jin J, Lin J, Xu A, Lou J, Qian C, Li X, Wang Y, Yu W, Tao H. CCL2: An Important Mediator Between Tumor Cells and Host Cells in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:722916. [PMID: 34386431 PMCID: PMC8354025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.722916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) formation is a major cause of immunosuppression. The TME consists of a considerable number of macrophages and stromal cells that have been identified in multiple tumor types. CCL2 is the strongest chemoattractant involved in macrophage recruitment and a powerful initiator of inflammation. Evidence indicates that CCL2 can attract other host cells in the TME and direct their differentiation in cooperation with other cytokines. Overall, CCL2 has an unfavorable effect on prognosis in tumor patients because of the accumulation of immunosuppressive cell subtypes. However, there is also evidence demonstrating that CCL2 enhances the anti-tumor capability of specific cell types such as inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils. The inflammation state of the tumor seems to have a bi-lateral role in tumor progression. Here, we review works focusing on the interactions between cancer cells and host cells, and on the biological role of CCL2 in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinti Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ankai Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiumao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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The Anticancer Effects of Flavonoids through miRNAs Modulations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041212. [PMID: 33916931 PMCID: PMC8067583 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple- negative breast cancer (TNBC) incidence rate has regularly risen over the last decades and is expected to increase in the future. Finding novel treatment options with minimum or no toxicity is of great importance in treating or preventing TNBC. Flavonoids are new attractive molecules that might fulfill this promising therapeutic option. Flavonoids have shown many biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In addition to their anticancer effects by arresting the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing cancer cell proliferation, flavonoids can modulate non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) function. Several preclinical and epidemiological studies indicate the possible therapeutic potential of these compounds. Flavonoids display a unique ability to change miRNAs' levels via different mechanisms, either by suppressing oncogenic miRNAs or activating oncosuppressor miRNAs or affecting transcriptional, epigenetic miRNA processing in TNBC. Flavonoids are not only involved in the regulation of miRNA-mediated cancer initiation, growth, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but also control miRNAs-mediated biological processes that significantly impact TNBC, such as cell cycle, immune system, mitochondrial dysregulation, modulating signaling pathways, inflammation, and angiogenesis. In this review, we highlighted the role of miRNAs in TNBC cancer progression and the effect of flavonoids on miRNA regulation, emphasizing their anticipated role in the prevention and treatment of TNBC.
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22
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Krongbaramee T, Zhu M, Qian Q, Zhang Z, Eliason S, Shu Y, Qian F, Akkouch A, Su D, Amendt BA, Yang L, Hong L. Plasmid encoding microRNA-200c ameliorates periodontitis and systemic inflammation in obese mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1204-1216. [PMID: 33664998 PMCID: PMC7899952 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to characterize microRNA-200c (miR-200c) and its regulators in adipogenic differentiation, obesity, and periodontitis in obese subjects (PiOSs), and to determine the therapeutic efficacy of plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c as a treatment for PiOSs. We report that highly expressed miR-200c in gingival tissues was downregulated in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and during adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs). Local injection of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) in the maxilla interdental gingiva of DIO mice reduced miR-200c in gingival and adipose tissues and induced periodontal inflammation associated with systemic elevation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and impaired glucose tolerance. The inhibitory functions of Pg-LPS and IL-6 on miR-200c and their effectiveness on Zeb1 were confirmed in vitro. Injection of naked plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c into the gingiva effectively rescued miR-200c downregulation, prevented periodontal and systemic inflammation, and alleviated the impaired glucose metabolism in obese mice with LPS-induced periodontitis. Increased circulating exosomal miR-200c and its function on suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and adipogenesis explained the mechanism(s) of gingival application of miR-200c in attenuating systemic inflammation in PiOSs. These results demonstrated that miR-200c reduced by Pg-LPS and IL-6 in periodontitis and obesity might lead to the pathogenesis of PiOSs, and upregulation of miR-200c in the gingiva presents a therapeutic approach for PiOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadkamol Krongbaramee
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Min Zhu
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Qingwen Qian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Steven Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yi Shu
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Fang Qian
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adil Akkouch
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Liu Hong
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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23
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Cao X, Zhou Y, Mao F, Lin Y, Sun Q. Combination of preoperative fibrinogen concentration and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for prediction of the prognosis of patients with resectable breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:200. [PMID: 32963606 PMCID: PMC7491110 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the combination of high preoperative fibrinogen levels and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor outcomes in various types of cancer. The present study assessed the prognostic value of a scoring system based on the combination of fibrinogen concentration and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (F-NLR) in untreated patients with resectable breast cancer (BC). The present study retrospectively analyzed 906 patients who received surgery for resectable BC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the association between the F-NLR score and survival status. The cut-off values for fibrinogen and NLR determined via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were 3.21 g/l and 2.20, respectively. On the basis of these cut-off values, the whole cohort was divided into three groups according to their F-NLR score: Score 2, fibrinogen ≥3.21 g/l and NLR ≥2.20; score 1, fibrinogen ≥3.21 g/l or NLR ≥2.20; and score 0, fibrinogen <3.21 g/l and NLR <2.20. The F-NLR score was significantly associated with age (≤50 years vs. >50 years; P<0.001), tumor size (≤2 cm vs. >2 cm; P=0.001), lymph node status (P=0.029), TNM stage (I vs. II vs. III; P=0.002) and lymphovascular invasion (P<0.001). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates in the patients with F-NLR scores of 0, 1 and 2 were 95.7, 87.5 and 74.0%, respectively (P<0.001), and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.8, 90.9 and 79.9%, respectively (P<0.001). Furthermore, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the F-NLR score independently predicted DFS [hazard ratio (HR), 2.279; 95% CI, 1.758-2.954; P<0.001] and OS (HR, 2.414; 95% CI, 1.738-3.353; P<0.001). In conclusion, the preoperative F-NLR score was an independent prognostic indicator for untreated patients with resectable BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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24
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Wang H, Cai X, Ma L. Curcumin Modifies Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Through Regulation of miR-200c/EPM5. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9405-9415. [PMID: 33061628 PMCID: PMC7534868 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s260129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The serious side effect of current conventional treatments for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) highlights the requirement of an alternative treatment strategy. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, have been gained much attention due to its low toxicity and anti-tumor effect. Methods qPCR and Western blot were used to measure the molecular changes induced by curcumin. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay were conducted to study the effect on cell migration and invasion. RT1 PCR array was performed to identify the miRNAs involved in curcumin-repressed EMT. Three algorithms and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify EPM5 as a target of miR-200c. The bioinformatical analysis of TCGA-COAD and other CRC cohorts were used to examine the association of EPM5 with EMT signatures and clinical relevance. The ectopic expression or siRNA-mediated knockdown of EPM5 was applied to study the role of EPM5 in CRC. Results Treatment with curcumin changed the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression, repressed cell migration and invasion in CRC cells. Its anti-tumor capability required the upregulation of miR-200c. EPM5 was a direct target of miR-200c and enriched in the consensus molecular subtype (CMS) 4 of CRC. Ectopic expression of EPM5 alone was sufficient to induce EMT in CRC. Downregulation of EPM5 was necessary for curcumin-repressed EMT, migration, and invasion. Higher expression of EPM5 was associated with the advanced TNM stages and poor survival in CRC. Conclusion Our data provide the first evidence that the curcumin inhibits EMT in CRC by upregulation of miR-200c and downregulation of EPM5, and the use of curcumin might be able to prevent or delay CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Cai
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Longyang Ma
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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25
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Chuang TD, Khorram O. Cross-talk between miR-29c and transforming growth factor-β3 is mediated by an epigenetic mechanism in leiomyoma. Fertil Steril 2020; 112:1180-1189. [PMID: 31843095 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of miR-29c and its target gene transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) in leiomyoma and the mechanisms of their reciprocal regulation. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Women undergoing hysterectomy for leiomyoma. INTERVENTION(S) Overexpression and underexpression of miR-29c; blockade of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The miR-29c and its target gene TGF-β3 in leiomyoma and the effects of TGF-β3 and blockade of DNMT1 on miR-29c expression. RESULT(S) Leiomyoma expressed significantly lower levels of miR-29c, but higher expression of TGF-β3 compared with matched myometrium. The expression of TGF-β3 and miR-29c were independent of race/ethnicity. Using 3' untranslated region luciferase reporter assay we confirmed that TGF-β3 is a direct target of miR-29c in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells (LSMCs). Gain-of-function of miR-29c in LSMCs inhibited the expression of TGF-β3 at protein and messenger RNA levels, whereas loss-of-function of miR-29c had the opposite effect. Treatment of LSMCs with TGF-β3 inhibited the expression of miR-29c, whereas it stimulated DNMT1 expression. Knockdown of DNMT1 through transfection with small interfering RNA significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β3, and induced miR-29c expression. Knockdown of DNMT1 also attenuated the inhibitory effect of TGF-β3 on miR-29c expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TGF-β3 increased the methylation level of miR-29c promoter in LSMCs. CONCLUSION(S) There is an inverse relationship in the expression of TGF-β3 and miR-29c in leiomyoma. The TGF-β3 is a direct target of miR-29c and inhibits the expression of miR-29c through an epigenetic mechanism. The cross-talk between miR-29c and TGF-β3 provides a feed forward mechanism of fibrosis in leiomyoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Der Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California
| | - Omid Khorram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California.
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26
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The dual character of exosomes in osteoarthritis: Antagonists and therapeutic agents. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:15-25. [PMID: 32006653 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes have gained increasing attention as they participate in cell cross-talk in pathological environments and are functional paracrine factors of therapeutic stem cells. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common age-related degenerative joint disease, leading to a debilitating lifestyle for sufferers. However, currently no drugs on the market promote cartilage repair, and the patients usually have to undergo arthroplasty in the late stage of OA. Although significant progress has been made in the development of stem cells for the treatment of OA and cartilage injury, problems like immune rejection remain. Recently, increasing evidence has demonstrated that exosomes from the joint microenvironment ("negative" exosomes) could play vital and complicated roles in the progression of OA. Moreover, exosomes from therapeutic cells ("therapeutic" exosomes) have also shown enormous potential for OA therapy/cartilage repair. Here, we first discuss the definition and biological background of exosomes. Then, we critically examine the roles of the "negative" exosomes in OA-affected joint. Then, we will cover the potential of the "therapeutic" exosomes for OA therapy/cartilage repair. Next, the recent progress of tissue engineering with exosomes, especially for OA therapy/cartilage repair, will also be discussed. Finally, the limitations and opportunities of exosome-based OA therapy will be outlined. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As natural extracellular vesicles, exosomes participate in the intercellular communication. On the basis of biological characteristics of exosomes, exosomes have their two sides for osteoarthritis (OA). On the one hand, exosomes in the OA microenvironment are involved in pathology of OA. On the other hand, exosomes from therapeutic cells have the potential as advanced strategies for OA therapy. In addition, the development of tissue engineering technology is beneficial to the exosome-based OA therapy. According to the latest research status, exosomes are of great significance and interest for the personalized and precision treatment of OA in the future, despite the limitations and challenges.
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27
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Chen S, Tang Y, Yang C, Li K, Huang X, Cao J. Silencing CDC25A inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells by downregulating IL‑6 in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:743-752. [PMID: 31922225 PMCID: PMC7015122 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) is a core regulator of the cell cycle that has a dual‑specific phosphatase activity, which is closely associated with the occurrence and development of a tumor, and is overexpressed in liver cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of CDC25A in the development of liver cancer remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the effect of CDC25A on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and to investigate whether an interaction exists between CDC25A and interleukin (IL)‑6 in liver cancer. An Affymetrix human gene expression profiling chip screened differentially expressed genes in HepG2 cells with silenced CDC25A and the IL‑6 signaling pathway was revealed to be significantly inhibited (P<0.05). In the present study, the effects of CDC25A on cell proliferation and migration were analyzed using cell cycle, MTT and Transwell assays. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed that silencing the CDC25A gene downregulated the expression of IL‑6 in HepG2 cells and the mRNA and protein expression of IL‑1β, mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 (NIK) and nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB), which are regulatory molecules upstream of IL‑6. In addition, silencing CDC25A by short hairpin RNA inhibited the development of liver cancer xenograft tumor types in nude mice, and decreased the expression of IL‑1β, NIK, NF‑κB and IL‑6 in xenograft tumor types. In conclusion, silencing CDC25A significantly inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, potentially via an interaction with IL‑6 through the downregulation of the IL‑1β/NIK/NF‑κB signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Tang
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ji Cao
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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28
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Zhong S, Jeong JH, Chen Z, Chen Z, Luo JL. Targeting Tumor Microenvironment by Small-Molecule Inhibitors. Transl Oncol 2019; 13:57-69. [PMID: 31785429 PMCID: PMC6909103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a hypoxic, acidic, and immune/inflammatory cell–enriched milieu that plays crucial roles in tumor development, growth, progression, and therapy resistance. Targeting TME is an attractive strategy for the treatment of solid tumors. Conventional cancer chemotherapies are mostly designed to directly kill cancer cells, and the effectiveness is always compromised by their penetration and accessibility to cancer cells. Small-molecule inhibitors, which exhibit good penetration and accessibility, are widely studied, and many of them have been successfully applied in clinics for cancer treatment. As TME is more penetrable and accessible than tumor cells, a lot of efforts have recently been made to generate small-molecule inhibitors that specifically target TME or the components of TME or develop special drug-delivery systems that release the cytotoxic drugs specifically in TME. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent advances of small-molecule inhibitors that target TME for the tumor treatment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is an indispensable part of tumor and is an important therapeutic target. TME is more penetrable and accessible than tumor cell area. Small-molecule inhibitors that target TME are very promising. The target efficiency can be improved by specific deliver and release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei Zhong
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Ji-Hak Jeong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Zhikang Chen
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Zihua Chen
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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29
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Lai SC, Su YT, Chi CC, Kuo YC, Lee KF, Wu YC, Lan PC, Yang MH, Chang TS, Huang YH. DNMT3b/OCT4 expression confers sorafenib resistance and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma through IL-6/STAT3 regulation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:474. [PMID: 31771617 PMCID: PMC6878666 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is critical for the expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), which is highly associated with early tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family is closely linked with OCT4 expression and drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanism regarding the interplay between DNMTs and IL-6-induced OCT4 expression and the sorafenib resistance of HCC remains largely unclear. METHODS HCC tissue samples were used to examine the association between DNMTs/OCT4 expression levels and clinical prognosis. Serum levels of IL-6 were detected using ELISA assays (n = 144). Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in cell lines and mouse xenograft models to determine the underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that levels of DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3b) are significantly correlated with the OCT4 levels in HCC tissues (n = 144), and the OCT4 expression levels are positively associated with the serum IL-6 levels. Higher levels of IL-6, DNMT3b, or OCT4 predicted early HCC recurrence and poor prognosis. We show that IL-6/STAT3 activation increases DNMT3b/1 and OCT4 in HCC. Activated phospho-STAT3 (STAT-Y640F) significantly increased DNMT3b/OCT4, while dominant negative phospho-STAT3 (STAT-Y705F) was suppressive. Inhibiting DNMT3b with RNA interference or nanaomycin A (a selective DNMT3b inhibitor) effectively suppressed the IL-6 or STAT-Y640F-induced increase of DNMT3b-OCT4 and ALDH activity in vitro and in vivo. The fact that OCT4 regulates the DNMT1 expressions were further demonstrated either by OCT4 forced expression or DNMT1 silence. Additionally, the DNMT3b silencing reduced the OCT4 expression in sorafenib-resistant Hep3B cells with or without IL-6 treatment. Notably, targeting DNMT3b with nanaomycin A significantly increased the cell sensitivity to sorafenib, with a synergistic combination index (CI) in sorafenib-resistant Hep3B cells. CONCLUSIONS The DNMT3b plays a critical role in the IL-6-mediated OCT4 expression and the drug sensitivity of sorafenib-resistant HCC. The p-STAT3 activation increases the DNMT3b/OCT4 which confers the tumor early recurrence and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Findings from this study highlight the significance of IL-6-DNMT3b-mediated OCT4 expressions in future therapeutic target for patients expressing cancer stemness-related properties or sorafenib resistance in HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/biosynthesis
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Hep G2 Cells
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Middle Aged
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/biosynthesis
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics
- Prognosis
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Chuan Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Chi
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Kam-Fai Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wu
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Lan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217 Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33382 Taiwan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
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30
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Ding L, Gu H, Xiong X, Ao H, Cao J, Lin W, Yu M, Lin J, Cui Q. MicroRNAs Involved in Carcinogenesis, Prognosis, Therapeutic Resistance and Applications in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121492. [PMID: 31766744 PMCID: PMC6953059 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive, prevalent, and distinct subtype of breast cancer characterized by high recurrence rates and poor clinical prognosis, devoid of both predictive markers and potential therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) are a family of small, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded regulatory RNAs that bind to the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) complementary sequences and downregulate the translation of target mRNAs as post-transcriptional regulators. Dysregulation miRNAs are involved in broad spectrum cellular processes of TNBC, exerting their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on their cellular target involved in tumor initiation, promotion, malignant conversion, and metastasis. In this review, we emphasize on masses of miRNAs that act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), maintenance of stemness, tumor invasion and metastasis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. We also discuss miRNAs as the targets or as the regulators of dysregulation epigenetic modulation in the carcinogenesis process of TNBC. Furthermore, we show that miRNAs used as potential classification, prognostic, chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance markers in TNBC. Finally, we present the perspective on miRNA therapeutics with mimics or antagonists, and focus on the challenges of miRNA therapy. This study offers an insight into the role of miRNA in pathology progression of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Huan Gu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xianhui Xiong
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hongshun Ao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiaqi Cao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Min Yu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
- Correspondence:
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The Role of MicroRNAs upon Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111461. [PMID: 31752264 PMCID: PMC6912477 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggest the significance of inflammation in the progression of cancer, for example the development of colorectal cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients. Long-lasting inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract causes serious systemic complications and breaks the homeostasis of the intestine, where the altered expression of regulatory genes and miRNAs trigger malignant transformations. Several steps lead from acute inflammation to malignancies: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibitory microRNAs (miRNAs) are known factors during multistage carcinogenesis and IBD pathogenesis. In this review, we outline the interactions between EMT components and miRNAs that may affect cancer development during IBD.
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Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Cell Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Generation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101143. [PMID: 31557902 PMCID: PMC6829508 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neoplastic transformation of normal to metastatic cancer cells is a complex multistep process involving the progressive accumulation of interacting genetic and epigenetic changes that alter gene function and affect cell physiology and homeostasis. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, histone modifications and changes in noncoding RNA expression, and deregulation of epigenetic processes can alter gene expression during the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Cancer progression and metastasis through an ‘invasion–metastasis cascade’ involving an epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), invasion of adjacent tissues, and dissemination are fueled by inflammation, which is considered a hallmark of cancer. Chronic inflammation is generated by inflammatory cytokines secreted by the tumor and the tumor-associated cells within the tumor microenvironment. Inflammatory cytokine signaling initiates signaling pathways leading to the activation of master transcription factors (TFs) such as Smads, STAT3, and NF-κB. Moreover, the same inflammatory responses also activate EMT-inducing TF (EMT-TF) families such as Snail, Twist, and Zeb, and epigenetic regulators including DNA and histone modifying enzymes and micoRNAs, through complex interconnected positive and negative feedback loops to regulate EMT and CSC generation. Here, we review the molecular regulatory feedback loops and networks involved in inflammatory cytokine-induced EMT and CSC generation.
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Akkouch A, Zhu M, Romero-Bustillos M, Eliason S, Qian F, Salem AK, Amendt BA, Hong L. MicroRNA-200c Attenuates Periodontitis by Modulating Proinflammatory and Osteoclastogenic Mediators. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1026-1036. [PMID: 31017046 PMCID: PMC6661922 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether microRNA (miR)-200c can attenuate the inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis by using an in vitro and a rat model. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was used to facilitate the transfection of plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c into primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and gingival tissues of rats. We first analyzed how proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic mediators in HGFs with overexpression of miR-200c responded to Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-PG) challenge in vitro. We observed that overexpression of miR-200c significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-6 and 8 and repressed interferon-related developmental regulator-1 (IFRD1) in HGFs. miR-200c also downregulated p65 and p50. In a rat model of periodontitis induced by an LPS injection at the gingival sulcus of the second maxillary molar (M2), we analyzed how the mediators in rat gingiva and alveolar bone resorption responded to miR-200c treatment by a local injection of PEI-plasmid miR-200 nanoplexes. We observed that the local injection of miR-200c significantly upregulated miR-200c expression in gingiva and reduced IL-6, IL-8, IFRD1, and the ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin. Using micro-computed tomography analysis and histomorphometry, we further confirmed that local treatment with miR-200c effectively protected alveolar bone resorption in the rat model of periodontitis by reducing the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest and the inter-radicular space in the upper maxilla at M2. These findings imply that miR-200c may serve as a unique means to prevent periodontitis and associated bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Akkouch
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Min Zhu
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Steven Eliason
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fang Qian
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brad A. Amendt
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Liu Hong
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Howard N, Clementino M, Kim D, Wang L, Verma A, Shi X, Zhang Z, DiPaola RS. New developments in mechanisms of prostate cancer progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 57:111-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sui C, Zhang L, Hu Y. MicroRNA‑let‑7a inhibition inhibits LPS‑induced inflammatory injury of chondrocytes by targeting IL6R. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2633-2640. [PMID: 31322277 PMCID: PMC6691277 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease that affects the health of the elderly. OA is characterized by articular cartilage degradation and joint inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of microRNA-let-7a (Let-7a) in OA by examining its role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cartilage inflammatory injury in ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were treated with various concentrations of LPS. The present results suggested that 5 and 10 µg/ml LPS significantly inhibited ATDC5 cell viability, and 5 µg/ml LPS was selected for further experiments. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results suggested that treatment with LPS significantly induced the expression levels of multiple inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, and increased the expression level of Let-7a in ATDC5 cells. IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) was identified to be a direct target of Let-7a using TargetScan and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Subsequently, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry analyses identified that Let-7a inhibitor could significantly promote cell viability and reduce cell apoptosis in ATDC5 cells treated with LPS, and these effects could be reversed by transfection with small interfering (si)RNA-IL-6R. ELISA was used to examine the expression of inflammatory factors in ATDC5 cells following treatment with LPS. Additionally, RT-qPCR and western blotting were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression level of IL-6R and STAT3. The present results suggested that Let-7a inhibitor significantly reduced the expression level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 in ATDC5 cells, and this effect was reversed by transfecting siRNA-IL-6R. Moreover, RT-qPCR and western blot assay results suggested that Let-7a inhibitor significantly increased the expression level of IL-6R and phosphorylated STAT3, and these effects could be reversed by siRNA-IL-6R. Collectively, Let-7a inhibitor increased cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis and inhibited inflammatory response in ATDC5 cells treated with LPS. The present study provided a new potential therapeutic target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Sui
- Department of Orthopaedics (Trauma Orthopaedics Ward), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Lecheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics (Trauma Orthopaedics Ward), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics (Trauma Orthopaedics Ward), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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36
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Bahiraee A, Ebrahimi R, Halabian R, Aghabozorgi AS, Amani J. The role of inflammation and its related microRNAs in breast cancer: A narrative review. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19480-19493. [PMID: 31025369 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is recognized as the most common type of cancer among women with a high rate of mortality all over the world. Over the past years, growing attention has been regarded to realize more about the mechanisms underlying the disease process. It is revealed that the progression of breast cancer may be strongly linked to chronic inflammation owing to the role of inflammatory factors in genetic instability and subsequent cancer predisposition. Although the association between breast cancer and inflammatory pathways has been well-defined now, only recent evidence pointed towards the inflammation-related microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets involved in the crosstalk of multiple pathways during breast cancer development. Moreover, the practical interactions between these miRNAs and inflammatory factors are also a little characterized. In this review, we intended to describe the effects of predominant inflammatory pathways such as cytokines, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, and nuclear factor kappa B in association with tumor promoting and tumor suppressing miRNAs on breast cancer progression. Providing new studies in the field of combining biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring breast cancer are very important. Notably, understanding the underlying mechanisms of miRNAs as a possible link between inflammation and tumorigenesis may offer a novel insight for combating this epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Bahiraee
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirsaeed Sabeti Aghabozorgi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xia Z, Ouyang D, Li Q, Li M, Zou Q, Li L, Yi W, Zhou E. The Expression, Functions, Interactions and Prognostic Values of PTPRZ1: A Review and Bioinformatic Analysis. J Cancer 2019; 10:1663-1674. [PMID: 31205522 PMCID: PMC6548002 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Available studies demonstrate that receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta (PTPRZ1) is expressed in different tumor tissues, and functions in cell proliferation, cell adhesion and migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells and treatment resistance by interacting with or binding to several molecules. These included pleiotrophin (PTN), midkine, interleukin-34, β-catenin, VEGF, NF-κB, HIF-2, PSD-95, MAGI-3, contactin and ErbB4. PTPRZ1 was involved in survival signaling and could predict the prognosis of several tumors. This review discusses: the current knowledge about PTPRZ1, its expression, co-receptors, ligands, functions, signaling pathway, prognostic values and therapeutic agents that target PTPRZ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dengjie Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianying Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Moyun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiongyan Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Enxiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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McNamara RP, Chugh PE, Bailey A, Costantini LM, Ma Z, Bigi R, Cheves A, Eason AB, Landis JT, Host KM, Xiong J, Griffith JD, Damania B, Dittmer DP. Extracellular vesicles from Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus lymphoma induce long-term endothelial cell reprogramming. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007536. [PMID: 30716130 PMCID: PMC6361468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signaling is a mechanism that higher eukaryotes have evolved to facilitate organismal homeostasis. Recent years have seen an emerging interest in the role of secreted microvesicles, termed extracellular vesicles (EV) or exosomes in this signaling network. EV contents can be modified by the cell in response to stimuli, allowing them to relay information to neighboring cells, influencing their physiology. Here we show that the tumor virus Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) hijacks this signaling pathway to induce cell proliferation, migration, and transcriptome reprogramming in cells not infected with the virus. KSHV-EV activates the canonical MEK/ERK pathway, while not alerting innate immune regulators, allowing the virus to exert these changes without cellular pathogen recognition. Collectively, we propose that KSHV establishes a niche favorable for viral spread and cell transformation through cell-derived vesicles, all while avoiding detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P McNamara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Pauline E Chugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Q2 Solutions-EA Genomics, Morrisville, North Carolina
| | - Aubrey Bailey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lindsey M Costantini
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhe Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rachele Bigi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Avery Cheves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anthony B Eason
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Justin T Landis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kurtis M Host
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jack D Griffith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Blossom Damania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Zhang Q, Chai S, Wang W, Wan C, Zhang F, Li Y, Wang F. Macrophages activate mesenchymal stem cells to acquire cancer-associated fibroblast-like features resulting in gastric epithelial cell lesions and malignant transformation in vitro. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:747-756. [PMID: 30655826 PMCID: PMC6313054 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of premalignant gastric lesions develop in the mucosa that has been modified by chronic inflammation. As components of the gastritis microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages are critically involved in the initiation and development of the chronic gastritis-associated gastric epithelial lesions/malignancy process. However, in this process, the underlying mechanism of macrophages interacting with MSCs, particularly the effect of macrophages on MSCs phenotype and function remains to be elucidated. The present study revealed that human umbilical cord-derived MSCs were induced to differentiate into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) phenotype by co-culture with macrophages (THP-1 cells) in vitro, and which resulted in gastric epithelial lesions/potential malignancy via epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes. The results of the present study indicated that macrophages could induce MSCs to acquire CAF-like features and a pro-inflammatory phenotype to remodel the inflammatory microenvironment, which could potentiate oncogenic transformation of gastric epithelium cells. The present study provides potential targets and options for inflammation-associated gastric cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Chai
- Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Wan
- Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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Anfossi S, Fu X, Nagvekar R, Calin GA. MicroRNAs, Regulatory Messengers Inside and Outside Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1056:87-108. [PMID: 29754176 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74470-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with typical sequence lengths of 19-25 nucleotides and extraordinary abilities to regulate gene expression. Because miRNAs regulate multiple important biological functions of the cell (proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, differentiation, and drug resistance), their expression is highly controlled. Genetic and epigenetic alterations frequently found in cancer cells can cause aberrant expression of miRNAs and, consequently, of their target genes. The tumor microenvironment can also affect miRNA expression through soluble factors (e.g., cytokines and growth factors) secreted by either tumor cells or non-tumor cells (such as immune and stromal cells). Furthermore, like hormones, miRNAs can be secreted and regulate gene expression in recipient cells. Altered expression levels of miRNAs in cancer cells determine the acquisition of fundamental biological capabilities (hallmarks of cancer) responsible for the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Anfossi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rahul Nagvekar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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41
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Huang C, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Lian G, Chen Y, Li J, Su Y, Li J, Yang K, Chen S, Su H, Huang K, Zeng L. MMP1/PAR1/SP/NK1R paracrine loop modulates early perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Theranostics 2018; 8:3074-3086. [PMID: 29896303 PMCID: PMC5996366 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of perineural invasion (PNI) is unclear, and insufficient detection during early-stage PNI in vivo hampers its investigation. We aimed to identify a cytokine paracrine loop between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells and nerves and established a noninvasive method to monitor PNI in vivo. Methods: A Matrigel/ dorsal root ganglia (DRG) system was used to observe PNI in vitro, and a murine sciatic nerve invasion model was established to examine PNI in vivo. PNI was assessed by MRI with iron oxide nanoparticle labeling. We searched publicly available datasets as well as obtained PDAC tissues from 30 patients to examine MMP1 expression in human tumor and non-tumor tissues. Results: Our results showed that matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) activated AKT and induced protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1)-expressing DRG to release substance P (SP), which, in turn, activated neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R)-expressing PDAC cells and enhanced cellular migration, invasion, and PNI via SP/NK1R/ERK. In animals, hind limb paralysis and a decreased hind paw width were observed approximately 20 days after inoculation of cancer cells in the perineurium. MMP1 silencing with shRNA or treatment with either a PAR1 or an NK1R antagonist inhibited PNI. MRI detected PNI as early as 10 days after implantation of PDAC cells. PNI also induced PDAC liver metastasis. Bioinformatic analyses and pathological studies on patient tissues corroborated the clinical relevance of these findings. Conclusion: In this study, we provided evidence that the MMP1/PAR1/SP/NK1R paracrine loop contributes to PNI during the early stage of primary tumor formation. Furthermore, we established a sensitive and non-invasive method to detect nerve invasion using iron oxide nanoparticles and MRI.
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Premalignant alteration assessment in liver-like tissue derived from embryonic stem cells by aristolochic acid I exposure. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78872-78882. [PMID: 27713163 PMCID: PMC5346684 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro predictive evaluation of chemical carcinogenicity based on hepatic premalignance has so far not been established. Here, we report a novel approach to investigate the premalignant events triggered by human carcinogen aristolochic acid I (AAI) in the liver-like tissue derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. By AAI exposure, the liver-like tissue exhibited the paracrine interleukin-6 phenotypic characteristics. Hepatocytes expressed STAT3/p-STAT3, c-Myc and Lin28B in parallel. Some of them displayed the dedifferentiation characteristics, such as full of α-fetoprotein granules, increase in size, and nucleocytoplasmic shuttle of Oct4. When these cells were injected into mice, the xenografts mostly displayed the uniform area of hepatic-like tissue with malignant nuclei. The hepatic malignant markers, α-fetoprotein, cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 19, were co-expressed in albumin-positive areas, respectively. In conclusion, we established an approach to predict the hepatic premalignance triggered by carcinogen AAI. This premalignant assay system might aid to evaluate the effects of potential carcinogens in liver, and probably to screen the protecting against hepatocarcinogenic efficacy of pharmaceuticals in vitro.
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Chen HY, Lin LT, Wang ML, Lee SH, Tsai ML, Tsai CC, Liu WH, Chen TC, Yang YP, Lee YY, Chang YL, Huang PI, Chen YW, Lo WL, Chiou SH, Chen MT. Musashi-1 regulates AKT-derived IL-6 autocrinal/paracrinal malignancy and chemoresistance in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42485-42501. [PMID: 27285760 PMCID: PMC5173150 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is one of the most lethal human malignant brain tumors with high risks of recurrence and poor treatment outcomes. The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a marker of neural stem/progenitor cells. Recent study showed that high expression level of MSI1 positively correlates with advanced grade of GBM, where MSI1 increases the growth of GBM. Herein, we explore the roles of MSI1 as well as the underlying mechanisms in the regulation of drug resistance and tumorigenesis of GBM cells. Our results demonstrated that overexpression of MSI1 effectively protected GBM cells from drug-induced apoptosis through down-regulating pro-apoptotic genes; whereas inhibition of AKT withdrew the MSI1-induced anti-apoptosis and cell survival. We further showed that MSI1 robustly promoted the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, which was governed by AKT activity. Autonomously, the secreted IL-6 enhanced AKT activity in an autocrine/paracrine manner, forming a positive feedback regulatory loop with the MSI1-AKT pathway. Our results conclusively demonstrated a novel drug resistance mechanism in GBM cells that MSI1 inhibits drug-induced apoptosis through AKT/IL6 regulatory circuit. MSI1 regulates both cellular signaling and tumor-microenvironmental cytokine secretion to create an intra- and intercellular niche for GBM to survive from chemo-drug attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Yun Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Ting Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsien Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Long Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Tsai
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yen Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Lo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Teh Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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44
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Zhong B, Li Y, Liu X, Wang D. Association of mast cell infiltration with gastric cancer progression. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:755-764. [PMID: 29422964 PMCID: PMC5772921 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the expression of mast cells, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL-2) and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in gastric cancer tumor tissue; and the association of mast cells with the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. In addition, whether the stem cell factor (SCF)/c-Kit pathway was associated with the secretion of CCL-2 by gastric cancer cells was explored. Flow cytometry analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the relative number of mast cells, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were utilized to determine the expression of CCL-2 and CCR2 mRNA and protein. Following the co-culture of the mast cell line HMC-1 and the gastric cancer cell line BGC-823, a Transwell assay was used to validate the effect of mast cells on the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, Cell Counting kit-8 and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining assays were performed to determine the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, following co-culture with mast cells. The expression of SCF and c-Kit were also determined with a western blot analysis. A specific phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, wortmannin, was used to test the effect of PI3K inhibition on the secretion of CCL-2 in gastric cancer. The results demonstrated that the proportion of infiltrating mast cells, and the mRNA/protein expression of CCL-2 and CCR2, were significantly increased in tumor tissue relative to adjacent tissues. In addition, the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were significantly increased when mast cells were used as an attractant. When co-cultured with mast cells, the viability of gastric cancer cells was significantly increased and H2O2-induced apoptosis was inhibited. In gastric cancer tissue samples, the expression of SCF, c-Kit and phosphorylated (p)-Akt protein were significantly increased compared with normal adjacent tissues. It was hypothesized that SCF/c-Kit signaling pathway was activated by PI3K-Akt, resulting in an increase in the expression of CCL-2 mRNA and protein. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that CCL-2 mRNA and protein expression was significantly inhibited by treatment with the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin. Additionally, wortmannin intervention significantly inhibited gastric cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, the results of the present study demonstrated that mast cells may promote gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis. In addition, the activation of the SCF/c-Kit signaling pathway was identified to promote the expression of CCL-2, which is associated with the development and metastasis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhong
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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45
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Jeong JH, Dickinson SI, Luo JL. Targeting constitutive NF-κB specifically in tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93305-93306. [PMID: 29212145 PMCID: PMC5706791 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hak Jeong
- Jun-Li Luo: Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Jun-Li Luo
- Jun-Li Luo: Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
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46
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Sau A, Cabrita MA, Pratt MAC. NF-κB at the Crossroads of Normal Mammary Gland Biology and the Pathogenesis and Prevention of BRCA1-Mutated Breast Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 11:69-80. [PMID: 29101208 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that progesterone receptor (PR)-expressing cells respond to progesterone in part through the induction of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which acts in a paracrine manner to induce expansion of a RANK-expressing luminal progenitor cell population. The RANK+ population in human breast tissue from carriers of BRCA1 mutations (BRCA1mut/+) as well as the luminal progenitor population in Brca1-deficient mouse mammary glands is abnormally amplified. Remarkably, mouse Brca1+/- and human BRCA1mut/+ progenitor cells are able to form colonies in vitro in the absence of progesterone, demonstrating a hormone-independent proliferative capacity. Our research has demonstrated that proliferation in BRCA1-deficient cells results in a DNA damage response (DDR) that activates a persistent NF-κB signal, which supplants progesterone/RANKL signaling for an extended time period. Thus, the transcriptional targets normally activated by RANKL that promote a proliferative response in luminal progenitors can contribute to the susceptibility of mammary epithelial cells to BRCA1-mutated breast cancers as a consequence of DDR-induced NF-κB. Together, these latest findings mark substantial progress in uncovering the mechanisms driving high rates of breast tumorigenesis in BRCA1 mutation carriers and ultimately reveal possibilities for nonsurgical prevention strategies. Cancer Prev Res; 11(2); 69-80. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sau
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Mishra R, Foster D, Vasu VT, Thaikoottathil JV, Kosmider B, Chu HW, Bowler RP, Finigan JH. Cigarette Smoke Induces Human Epidermal Receptor 2-Dependent Changes in Epithelial Permeability. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:853-64. [PMID: 26600084 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0437oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium constitutes a protective barrier against inhaled insults, such as viruses, bacteria, and toxic fumes, including cigarette smoke (CS). Maintenance of bronchial epithelial integrity is central for airway health, and defective epithelial barrier function contributes to the pathogenesis of CS-mediated diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although CS has been shown to increase epithelial permeability, current understanding of the mechanisms involved in CS-induced epithelial barrier disruption remains incomplete. We have previously identified that the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal receptor (HER) 2 growth factor is activated by the ligand neuregulin-1 and increases epithelial permeability in models of inflammatory acute lung injury. We hypothesized that CS activates HER2 and that CS-mediated changes in barrier function would be HER2 dependent in airway epithelial cells. We determined that HER2 was activated in whole lung, as well as isolated epithelial cells, from smokers, and that acute CS exposure resulted in HER2 activation in cultured bronchial epithelial cells. Mechanistic studies determined that CS-mediated HER2 activation is independent of neuregulin-1 but required upstream activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. HER2 was required for CS-induced epithelial permeability as knockdown of HER2 blocked increases in permeability after CS. CS caused an increase in IL-6 production by epithelial cells that was dependent on HER2-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk) activation. Finally, blockade of IL-6 attenuated CS-induced epithelial permeability. Our data indicate that CS activates pulmonary epithelial HER2 and that HER2 is a central mediator of CS-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangnath Mishra
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Daniel Foster
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Vihas T Vasu
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Beata Kosmider
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Russell P Bowler
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - James H Finigan
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
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48
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Gao Y, Li W, Liu R, Guo Q, Li J, Bao Y, Zheng H, Jiang S, Hua B. Norcantharidin inhibits IL-6-induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition via the JAK2/STAT3/TWIST signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1224-1232. [PMID: 28677802 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), plays a vital role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and metastasis. Norcantharidin (NCTD; 7-oxabicyclo (2.2.1) heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride) plays anticancer roles in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. However, the molecular mechanism of HCC EMT and the effects of NCTD in the HCC EMT process have been either poorly elucidated or not studied. In this study, HCC EMT was induced by the treatment of IL-6 and various concentrations of NCTD (0, 30, 60 and 120 µM) were treated with HCC cell lines, HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721. We investigated the effect of NCTD on the invasion of HCC cells by using Transwell assay. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the protein and mRNA expression levels of HCC cells. Here, using cell line models, our data demonstrated that interleukin 6 (IL-6) induced EMT through the JAK/STAT3/TWIST pathway in HCC. Moreover, our studies revealed that NCTD markedly inhibited IL-6-induced EMT and cell invasiveness. Signaling studies revealed that NCTD sufficiently suppressed JAK/STAT3/TWIST signaling to reverse the IL-6-promoting effects. Collectively, these data provide evidence for the use of NCTD as a potential anticancer drug in HCC metastatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebo Gao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - Yanju Bao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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49
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Eun K, Jeon HM, Kim SO, Choi SH, Lee SY, Jin X, Kim SC, Kim H. A cell-autonomous positive-signaling circuit associated with the PDGF-NO-ID4-regulatory axis in glioblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:564-570. [PMID: 28327358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Most cancer-related signaling pathways sustain their active or inactive status via genetic mutations or various regulatory mechanisms. Previously, we demonstrated that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) activates Notch signaling through nitric oxide (NO)-signaling-driven activation of inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4) in glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells (GSCs) and endothelial cells in the vascular niche of GBM, leading to maintenance of GSC traits and GBM progression. Here, we determined that the PDGF-NO-ID4-signaling axis is constantly activated through a positive regulatory circuit. ID4 expression significantly increased PDGF subunit B expression in both in vitro cultures and in vivo tumor xenografts and regulated NO synthase 2 (NOS2) expression and NO production by activating PDGF signaling, as well as that of its receptor (PDGFR). Additionally, ectopic expression of PDGFRα, NOS2, or ID4 activated the PDGF-NO-ID4-signaling circuit and enhanced the self-renewal of GBM cell lines. These results suggested that the positive regulatory circuit associated with PDGF-NO-ID4 signaling plays a pivotal role in regulating the self-renewal and tumor-initiating capacity of GSCs and might provide a promising therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoung Eun
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiong Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Systems Structural Biology Analysis of Ligand Effects on ERα Predicts Cellular Response to Environmental Estrogens and Anti-hormone Therapies. Cell Chem Biol 2016; 24:35-45. [PMID: 28042045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens and anti-hormone therapies for breast cancer have diverse tissue- and signaling-pathway-selective outcomes, but how estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) mediates this phenotypic diversity is poorly understood. We implemented a statistical approach to allow unbiased, parallel analyses of multiple crystal structures, and identified subtle perturbations of ERα structure by different synthetic and environmental estrogens. Many of these perturbations were in the sub-Å range, within the noise of the individual structures, but contributed significantly to the activities of synthetic and environmental estrogens. Combining structural perturbation data from many structures with quantitative cellular activity profiles of the ligands enabled identification of structural rules for ligand-specific allosteric signaling-predicting activity from structure. This approach provides a framework for understanding the diverse effects of environmental estrogens and for guiding iterative medicinal chemistry efforts to generate improved breast cancer therapies, an approach that can be applied to understanding other ligand-regulated allosteric signaling pathways.
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