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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo-Fontanez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Schami A, Weintraub S, Tsao PS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Mitochondrial Transplantation Promotes Protective Effector and Memory CD4 + T Cell Response During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection and Diminishes Exhaustion and Senescence in Elderly CD4 + T cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401077. [PMID: 39039808 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is a major global health concern, particularly affecting those with weakened immune systems, including the elderly. CD4+ T cell response is crucial for immunity against M.tb, but chronic infections and aging can lead to T cell exhaustion and senescence, worsening TB disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, prevalent in aging and chronic diseases, disrupts cellular metabolism, increases oxidative stress, and impairs T-cell functions. This study investigates the effect of mitochondrial transplantation (mito-transfer) on CD4+ T cell differentiation and function in aged mouse models and human CD4+ T cells from elderly individuals. Mito-transfer in naïve CD4+ T cells is found to promote protective effector and memory T cell generation during M.tb infection in mice. Additionally, it improves elderly human T cell function by increasing mitochondrial mass and altering cytokine production, thereby reducing markers of exhaustion and senescence. These findings suggest mito-transfer as a novel approach to enhance aged CD4+ T cell functionality, potentially benefiting immune responses in the elderly and chronic TB patients. This has broader implications for diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to T-cell exhaustion and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A Headley
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Angelica Olmo-Fontanez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, UT health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Internaltional Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
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Kinney BL, Brammer B, Kansal V, Parrish CJ, Kissick HT, Liu Y, Saba NF, Buchwald ZS, El-Deiry MW, Patel MR, Boyce BJ, Kaka AS, Gross JH, Baddour HM, Chen AY, Schmitt NC. CD28-CD57+ T cells from head and neck cancer patients produce high levels of cytotoxic granules and type II interferon but are not senescent. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2367777. [PMID: 38887372 PMCID: PMC11181932 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2367777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes expressing CD57 and lacking costimulatory receptors CD27/CD28 have been reported to accumulate with aging, chronic infection, and cancer. These cells are described as senescent, with inability to proliferate but enhanced cytolytic and cytokine-producing capacity. However, robust functional studies on these cells taken directly from cancer patients are lacking. We isolated these T cells and their CD27/28+ counterparts from blood and tumor samples of 50 patients with previously untreated head and neck cancer. Functional studies confirmed that these cells have enhanced ability to degranulate and produce IFN-γ. They also retain the ability to proliferate, thus are not senescent. These data suggest that CD27/28-CD57+ CD8+ T cells are a subset of highly differentiated, CD45RA+ effector memory (TEMRA) cells with retained proliferative capacity. Patients with > 34% of these cells among CD8+ T cells in the blood had a higher rate of locoregional disease relapse, suggesting these cells may have prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan L.C. Kinney
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brianna Brammer
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Connor J. Parrish
- School of Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Haydn T. Kissick
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nabil F. Saba
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mark W. El-Deiry
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mihir R. Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian J. Boyce
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Azeem S. Kaka
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Gross
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H. Michael Baddour
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amy Y. Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicole C. Schmitt
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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3
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Stefanski AL, Dörner T, Kneitz C. [Influence of underlying disease and immunosuppression on the immunocompetence in inflammatory rheumatic diseases]. Z Rheumatol 2024; 83:87-97. [PMID: 37644129 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases have a higher risk of infections in comparison to the general population. For this patient group, in addition to cardiovascular diseases, infections play an important role with respect to morbidity and mortality. Even if it is difficult to make concrete statements with respect to individual diseases, it can be assumed that there is a lower risk of infections in inflammatory joint diseases in comparison to connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. The increased risk of infections is determined by multiple factors, whereby the underlying factors are classified into three main categories: patient-related factors (age, comorbidities, lifestyle), disease-related factors (immunological dysfunction as part of the disease pathophysiology) and drug-related factors (type and dosage of the immunosuppression and/or immunomodulation). An improved understanding of the complexity of these associations enables the optimization of treatment and disease control taking the individual risk factors into account, with the aim of a significant reduction in the risk of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-L Stefanski
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - T Dörner
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Kneitz
- Rheumatologische Schwerpunktpraxis Schwerin, Schwerin, Deutschland
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Palamidas DA, Chatzis L, Papadaki M, Gissis I, Kambas K, Andreakos E, Goules AV, Tzioufas AG. Current Insights into Tissue Injury of Giant Cell Arteritis: From Acute Inflammatory Responses towards Inappropriate Tissue Remodeling. Cells 2024; 13:430. [PMID: 38474394 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease affecting large vessels in patients over 50 years old. It is an exemplary model of a classic inflammatory disorder with IL-6 playing the leading role. The main comorbidities that may appear acutely or chronically are vascular occlusion leading to blindness and thoracic aorta aneurysm formation, respectively. The tissue inflammatory bulk is expressed as acute or chronic delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, the latter being apparent by giant cell formation. The activated monocytes/macrophages are associated with pronounced Th1 and Th17 responses. B-cells and neutrophils also participate in the inflammatory lesion. However, the exact order of appearance and mechanistic interactions between cells are hindered by the lack of cellular and molecular information from early disease stages and accurate experimental models. Recently, senescent cells and neutrophil extracellular traps have been described in tissue lesions. These structures can remain in tissues for a prolonged period, potentially favoring inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling. In this review, current advances in GCA pathogenesis are discussed in different inflammatory phases. Through the description of these-often overlapping-phases, cells, molecules, and small lipid mediators with pathogenetic potential are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Anastasios Palamidas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Loukas Chatzis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papadaki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Gissis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Evangelismos General Hospital, 11473 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas V Goules
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Research Institute for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, 11527 Athens, Greece
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5
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo-Fontanez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Schami A, Weintraub S, Tsao PS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Mitochondrial Transplantation promotes protective effector and memory CD4 + T cell response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and diminishes exhaustion and senescence in elderly CD4 + T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577036. [PMID: 38328206 PMCID: PMC10849707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains a significant health concern worldwide, especially in populations with weakened or compromised immune systems, such as the elderly. Proper adaptive immune function, particularly a CD4+ T cell response, is central to host immunity against M.tb. Chronic infections, such as M.tb, as well as aging promote T cell exhaustion and senescence, which can impair immune control and promote progression to TB disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to T cell dysfunction, both in aging and chronic infections and diseases. Mitochondrial perturbations can disrupt cellular metabolism, enhance oxidative stress, and impair T-cell signaling and effector functions. This study examined the impact of mitochondrial transplantation (mito-transfer) on CD4+ T cell differentiation and function using aged mouse models and human CD4+ T cells from elderly individuals. Our study revealed that mito-transfer in naïve CD4+ T cells promoted the generation of protective effector and memory CD4+ T cells during M.tb infection in mice. Further, mito-transfer enhanced the function of elderly human T cells by increasing their mitochondrial mass and modulating cytokine production, which in turn reduced exhaustion and senescence cell markers. Our results suggest that mito-transfer could be a novel strategy to reestablish aged CD4+ T cell function, potentially improving immune responses in the elderly and chronic TB patients, with a broader implication for other diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to T cell exhaustion and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A. Headley
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Angelica Olmo-Fontanez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, UT health San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Internaltional Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
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6
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Moulana M. Androgen-Induced Cardiovascular Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Role of T Lymphocytes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041010. [PMID: 37109539 PMCID: PMC10145997 DOI: 10.3390/life13041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An estimated 15-20% of reproductive-age women are affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is associated with substantial metabolic and cardiovascular long-term consequences. In young women with PCOS, several cardiovascular risk factors may be found, including chronic inflammation, high blood pressure, and elevated leukocytes. These women are at an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), not only during the reproductive years, but also with aging and menopause; therefore, the early prevention and treatment of future cardiovascular adverse effects are necessary. The fundamental characteristic of PCOS is hyperandrogenemia, which is associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and T lymphocytes. Whether these factors play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension, a risk factor of CVD, due to PCOS is not well established. This review will briefly discuss how a modest increase in androgens in females is linked to the development of hypertension through pro-inflammatory cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets and the promotion of renal injury. Moreover, it reveals a few existing research gaps in this area, including the lack of specific therapy directed at androgen-induced inflammation and immune activation, thus emphasizing the necessity to explore the systemic inflammation in women with PCOS to halt the inevitable inflammatory process targeting the underlying abnormalities of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadetheh Moulana
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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7
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Wanjalla CN, Gabriel CL, Fuseini H, Bailin SS, Mashayekhi M, Simmons J, Warren CM, Glass DR, Oakes J, Gangula R, Wilfong E, Priest S, Temu T, Newell EW, Pakala S, Kalams SA, Gianella S, Smith D, Harrison DG, Mallal SA, Koethe JR. CD4 + T cells expressing CX3CR1, GPR56, with variable CD57 are associated with cardiometabolic diseases in persons with HIV. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099356. [PMID: 36865544 PMCID: PMC9971959 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Persons with HIV (PWH) on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) have a higher incidence and prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases attributed, in part, to persistent inflammation despite viral suppression. In addition to traditional risk factors, immune responses to co-infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) may play an unappreciated role in cardiometabolic comorbidities and offer new potential therapeutic targets in a subgroup of individuals. We assessed the relationship of CX3CR1+, GPR56+, and CD57+/- T cells (termed CGC+) with comorbid conditions in a cohort of 134 PWH co-infected with CMV on long-term ART. We found that PWH with cardiometabolic diseases (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, calcified coronary arteries, or diabetes) had higher circulating CGC+CD4+ T cells compared to metabolically healthy PWH. The traditional risk factor most correlated with CGC+CD4+ T cell frequency was fasting blood glucose, as well as starch/sucrose metabolites. While unstimulated CGC+CD4+ T cells, like other memory T cells, depend on oxidative phosphorylation for energy, they exhibited higher expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A compared to other CD4+ T cell subsets, suggesting a potentially greater capacity for fatty acid β-oxidation. Lastly, we show that CMV-specific T cells against multiple viral epitopes are predominantly CGC+. Together, this study suggests that among PWH, CGC+ CD4+ T cells are frequently CMV-specific and are associated with diabetes, coronary arterial calcium, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Future studies should assess whether anti-CMV therapies could reduce cardiometabolic disease risk in some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestine N. Wanjalla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Curtis L. Gabriel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hubaida Fuseini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Samuel S. Bailin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mona Mashayekhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Joshua Simmons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Christopher M. Warren
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - David R. Glass
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jared Oakes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rama Gangula
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Erin Wilfong
- Division of Rheumatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Stephen Priest
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Tecla Temu
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Evan W. Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Suman Pakala
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Spyros A. Kalams
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Simon A. Mallal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John R. Koethe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
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8
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Blázquez-Bondia C, Parera M, Català-Moll F, Casadellà M, Elizalde-Torrent A, Aguiló M, Espadaler-Mazo J, Santos JR, Paredes R, Noguera-Julian M. Probiotic effects on immunity and microbiome in HIV-1 discordant patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1066036. [PMID: 36569851 PMCID: PMC9774487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1066036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some HIV-1 infected patients are unable to completely recover normal CD4+ T-cell (CD4+) counts after achieving HIV-1 suppression with combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART), hence being classified as immuno-discordant. The human microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and is a potential target towards immune reconstitution. Setting RECOVER (NCT03542786) was a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate if the novel probiotic i3.1 (AB-Biotics, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain) was able to improve immune reconstitution in HIV-1 infected immuno-discordant patients with stable cART and CD4+ counts <500 cells/mm3. The mixture consisted of two strains of L. plantarum and one of P. acidilactici, given with or without a fiber-based prebiotic. Methods 71 patients were randomized 1:2:2 to Placebo, Probiotic or probiotic + prebiotic (Synbiotic), and were followed over 6 months + 3-month washout period, in which changes on systemic immune status and gut microbiome were evaluated. Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability of the investigational product. Secondary endpoints were changes on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell (CD8+) counts, inflammation markers and faecal microbiome structure, defined by alpha diversity (Gene Richness), beta diversity (Bray-Curtis) and functional profile. Comparisons across/within groups were performed using standard/paired Wilcoxon test, respectively. Results Adverse event (AE) incidence was similar among groups (53%, 33%, and 55% in the Placebo, Probiotic and Synbiotic groups, respectively, the most common being grade 1 digestive AEs: flatulence, bloating and diarrhoea. Two grade 3 AEs were reported, all in the Synbiotic group: abdominal distension (possibly related) and malignant lung neoplasm (unrelated), and 1 grade 4 AE in the Placebo: hepatocarcinoma (unrelated). Synbiotic exposure was associated with a higher increase in CD4+/CD8+ T-cell (CD4/CD8) ratio at 6 months vs baseline (median=0.76(IQR=0.51) vs 0.72(0. 45), median change= 0.04(IQR=0.19), p = 0.03). At month 9, the Synbiotic group had a significant increase in CD4/CD8 ratio (0.827(0.55) vs 0.825(0.53), median change = 0.04(IQR=0.15), p= 0.02) relative to baseline, and higher CD4+ counts (447 (157) vs. 342(73) counts/ml, p = 0.03), and lower sCD14 values (2.16(0.67) vs 3.18(0.8), p = 0.008) than Placebo. No effect in immune parameters was observed in the Probiotic arm. None of the two interventions modified microbial gene richness (alpha diversity). However, intervention as categorical variable was associated with slight but significant effect on Bray-Curtis distance variance (Adonis R2 = 0.02, p = 0.005). Additionally, at month 6, Synbiotic intervention was associated with lower pathway abundances vs Placebo of Assimilatory Sulphate Reduction (8.79·10-6 (1.25·10-5) vs. 1.61·10-5 (2.77·10-5), p = 0.03) and biosynthesis of methionine (2.3·10-5 (3.17·10-5) vs. 4·10-5 (5.66·10-5), p = 0.03) and cysteine (1.83·10-5 (2.56·10-5) vs. 3.3·10-5 (4.62·10-5), p = 0.03). At month 6, probiotic detection in faeces was associated with significant decreases in C Reactive Protein (CRP) vs baseline (11.1(22) vs. 19.2(66), median change= -2.7 (13.2) ug/ml, p = 0.04) and lower IL-6 values (0.58(1.13) vs. 1.17(1.59) ug/ml, p = 0.02) when compared with samples with no detectable probiotic. No detection of the probiotic was associated with higher CD4/CD8 ratio at month 6 vs baseline (0.718(0.57) vs. 0.58(0.4), median change = 0.4(0.2), p = 0.02). After washout, probiotic non-detection was also associated with a significant increase in CD4+ counts (457(153) vs. 416(142), median change = 45(75), counts/ml, p = 0.005) and CD4/CD8 ratio (0.67(0.5) vs 0.59(0.49), median change = 0.04 (0.18), p = 0.02). Conclusion A synbiotic intervention with L. plantarum and P. acidilactici was safe and led to small increases in CD4/CD8 ratio and minor reductions in sCD14 of uncertain clinical significance. A probiotic with the same composition was also safe but did not achieve any impact on immune parameters or faecal microbiome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Ramon Santos
- Infectious Diseases Department and Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain,Infectious Diseases Department and Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia (UVic – UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Infectious Disease Networking Biomedical Research Center, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia (UVic – UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain,Infectious Disease Networking Biomedical Research Center, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Marc Noguera-Julian,
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9
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Lee GH, Lee JY, Jang J, Kang YJ, Choi SA, Kim HC, Park S, Kim MS, Lee W. Anti‐thymocyte globulin‐mediated immunosenescent alterations of T cells in kidney transplant patients. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1431. [PMCID: PMC9686013 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Kidney transplant (KT) is the most effective treatment for end‐stage renal disease. The immunosuppressant anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) has been applied for induction therapy to reduce the risk of acute transplant rejection for patients at high immunological risk. Despite its putative role in replicative stress during immune reconstitution, the effects of ATG on T‐cell immunosenescent changes remain to be understood. Methods Phenotypic and functional features of senescent T cells were examined by flow cytometry in 116 healthy controls (HC) and 95 KT patients for comparative analysis according to ATG treatment and CMV reactivation. The TCR repertoire was analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of KT patients. Results T cells of KT patients treated with ATG (ATG+) show typical immunosenescent features, accumulation of CD28−, CD85j+ or CD57+ T cells, and imbalance of functional T‐cell subsets, compared with untreated KT patients (ATG−). Plasma IL‐15 and CMV‐IgG levels were higher in KT patients than in HCs, and the IL‐15 level positively correlated with the frequency of CD28− T cells in KT patients. ATG+ patients had a higher prevalence of CMV reactivation, which is associated with an increased frequency of CD28− T cells. As a result, ATG+ patients had expanded CMV‐specific T cells and decreased TCR diversity. However, proliferation, cytokine‐producing capacity and polyfunctionality of T cells were preserved in ATG+ patients. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ATG treatment contributes to the accumulation of senescent T cells, which may have lifelong clinical implications in KT patients. Thus, these patients require long‐term and comprehensive immune monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hye Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jee Youn Lee
- Department of SurgeryKangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jiyeon Jang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yeon Jun Kang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Seung Ah Choi
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University Health SystemSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Kim
- Department of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Won‐Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Cancer Research Institute, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, and Institute of Infectious DiseasesSeoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research InstituteSeoulSouth Korea
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10
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Guan L, Crasta KC, Maier AB. Assessment of cell cycle regulators in human peripheral blood cells as markers of cellular senescence. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101634. [PMID: 35460888 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence has gained increasing interest during recent years, particularly due to causal involvement in the aging process corroborated by multiple experimental findings. Indeed, cellular senescence considered to be one of the hallmarks of aging, is defined as a stable growth arrest predominantly mediated by cell cycle regulators p53, p21 and p16. Senescent cells have frequently been studied in the peripheral blood of humans due to its accessibility. This review summarizes ex vivo studies describing cell cycle regulators as markers of senescence in human peripheral blood cells, along with detection methodologies and associative studies examining demographic and clinical characteristics. The utility of techniques such as the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), microarray, RNA sequencing and nCounter technologies for detection at the transcriptional level, along with Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry at the translational level, will be brought up at salient points throughout this review. Notably, housekeeping genes or proteins serving as controls such as GAPDH and β-Actin, were found not to be stably expressed in some contexts. As such, optimization and validation of such genes during experimental design were recommended. In addition, the expression of cell cycle regulators was found to vary not only between different types of blood cells such as T cells and B cells but also between stages of cellular differentiation such as naïve T cells and highly differentiated T cells. On the other hand, the associations of the presence of cell cycle regulators with demographics (age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status), clinical characteristics (body mass index, specific diseases, disease-related parameters) and lifestyle vary in groups of participants. One envisions that increased understanding and insights into the assessment of cell cycle regulators as markers of senescence in human peripheral blood cells will help inform prognostication and clinical intervention in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Guan
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Karen C Crasta
- Healthy Longevity Translational Researc h Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A⁎STAR), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Singapore.
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Healthy Longevity Translational Researc h Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.
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11
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New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Mechanisms Involved in Maintaining Vascular Inflammation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102905. [PMID: 35629030 PMCID: PMC9143803 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The giant cell arteritis (GCA) pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial, involving a predisposing genetic background, the role of immune aging and the activation of vascular dendritic cells by an unknown trigger. Once activated, dendritic cells recruit CD4 T cells and induce their activation, proliferation and polarization into Th1 and Th17, which produce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), respectively. IFN-γ triggers the production of chemokines by vascular smooth muscle cells, which leads to the recruitment of additional CD4 and CD8 T cells and also monocytes that differentiate into macrophages. Recent data have shown that IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF induce the differentiation of macrophage subpopulations, which play a role in the destruction of the arterial wall, in neoangiogenesis or intimal hyperplasia. Under the influence of different mediators, mainly endothelin-1 and PDGF, vascular smooth muscle cells migrate to the intima, proliferate and change their phenotype to become myofibroblasts that further proliferate and produce extracellular matrix proteins, increasing the vascular stenosis. In addition, several defects in the immune regulatory mechanisms probably contribute to chronic vascular inflammation in GCA: a defect in the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, a quantitative and qualitative Treg deficiency, the implication of resident cells, the role of GM-CSF and IL-6, the implication of the NOTCH pathway and the role of mucosal‑associated invariant T cells and tissue‑resident memory T cells.
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12
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Zhuo J, Wu Y, Li W, Li Z, Ding Y, Jin T. Missense Variant rs28362680 in BTNL2 Reduces Risk of Coronary Heart Disease. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:449-464. [PMID: 35572349 PMCID: PMC9091699 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s353085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathological basis of coronary heart disease (CHD) is atherosclerosis. BTNL2 can inhibit the activation of T cells. We aimed to explore the association between BTNL2 genetic variants and CHD risk in the southern Chinese Han population. Methods We recruited 1419 participants to perform an association analysis between missense variants in BTNL2 and CHD risk through SNPStats online software. Genotyping of all candidate SNPs were completed by the Agena MassARRAY. In addition, we used false-positive report probability analysis to detect whether the positive findings were noteworthy observations. We also used Haploview 4.2 software and SNPStats online software to conduct the haplotype analysis and analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD). Finally, the interaction of SNP-SNP in CHD risk was evaluated by multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR). Results The results showed that BTNL2-rs35624343, -rs117896888, -rs41441651, -rs41417449, -rs28362680 and -rs2076523 were significantly associated with the CHD susceptibility. Especially for BTNL2-rs28362680, the allele A (OR = 0.68, p < 0.0001), genotype AA (OR = 0.40, p = 0.001) or GA (OR = 0.68, p < 0.0001) were associated with the reducing CHD risk. And -rs28362680 significantly reduced the CHD risk under all genetic models (dominant: OR = 0.64, p < 0.0001; recessive: OR = 0.47, p = 0.003; overdominant: OR = 0.73, p = 0.004; log-additive: OR = 0.66, p < 0.0001). And -rs28362680 was also closely associated with CHD risk reduction in all stratified analyses (age, gender, smoking, drinking, hypertension and diabetes). In addition, haplotype analysis showed that the “Crs117896888Crs41441651Trs41417449Ars28362680” (OR = 0.65, p < 0.0001) and “Grs117896888Trs41441651Crs41417449Ars28362680” (OR = 0.68, p = 0.013) may reduce CHD risk. Conclusion Missense variants (rs35624343, rs117896888, rs41441651, rs41417449, rs28362680, rs2076523) may be protective factors for the CHD risk. In particular, there were sufficient evidences that BTNL2-rs28362680 can protective CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhuo
- Department of Emergency Service, People’s Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, 571500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Emergency Service, People’s Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, 571500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zerong Li
- Department of Emergency Service, People’s Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, 571500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Ding
- Department of General Practice, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yipeng Ding, Department of General Practice, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 19, Xinhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18976335858, Email
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi‘an, Shaanxi, 710069, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Tianbo Jin, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, #229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an, 710069, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-29-88895902, Email
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13
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González-Osuna L, Sierra-Cristancho A, Cafferata EA, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Rojas C, Carvajal P, Cortez C, Vernal R. Senescent CD4 +CD28 - T Lymphocytes as a Potential Driver of Th17/Treg Imbalance and Alveolar Bone Resorption during Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052543. [PMID: 35269683 PMCID: PMC8910032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells express a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with a pro-inflammatory bias, which contributes to the chronicity of inflammation. During chronic inflammatory diseases, infiltrating CD4+ T lymphocytes can undergo cellular senescence and arrest the surface expression of CD28, have a response biased towards T-helper type-17 (Th17) of immunity, and show a remarkable ability to induce osteoclastogenesis. As a cellular counterpart, T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) can also undergo cellular senescence, and CD28− Tregs are able to express an SASP secretome, thus severely altering their immunosuppressive capacities. During periodontitis, the persistent microbial challenge and chronic inflammation favor the induction of cellular senescence. Therefore, senescence of Th17 and Treg lymphocytes could contribute to Th17/Treg imbalance and favor the tooth-supporting alveolar bone loss characteristic of the disease. In the present review, we describe the concept of cellular senescence; particularly, the one produced during chronic inflammation and persistent microbial antigen challenge. In addition, we detail the different markers used to identify senescent cells, proposing those specific to senescent T lymphocytes that can be used for periodontal research purposes. Finally, we discuss the existing literature that allows us to suggest the potential pathogenic role of senescent CD4+CD28− T lymphocytes in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis González-Osuna
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (L.G.-O.); (R.V.)
| | - Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Emilio A. Cafferata
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru
| | - Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
| | - Paola Carvajal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile;
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (A.S.-C.); (E.A.C.); (S.M.-R.); (C.R.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
- Correspondence: (L.G.-O.); (R.V.)
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14
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Allegra A, Tonacci A, Musolino C, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Secondary Immunodeficiency in Hematological Malignancies: Focus on Multiple Myeloma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738915. [PMID: 34759921 PMCID: PMC8573331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary immunodeficiency is reported in most patients with hematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. The aim of our review was to evaluate the existing literature data on patients with hematological malignancies, with regard to the effect of immunodeficiency on the outcome, the clinical and therapeutic approach, and on the onset of noninfectious complications, including thrombosis, pleural effusion, and orofacial complications. Immunodeficiency in these patients has an intense impact on their risk of infection, in turn increasing morbidity and mortality even years after treatment completion. However, these patients with increased risk of severe infectious diseases could be treated with adequate vaccination coverage, but the vaccines' administration can be associated with a decreased immune response and an augmented risk of adverse reactions. Probably, immunogenicity of the inactivated is analogous to that of healthy subjects at the moment of vaccination, but it undertakes a gradual weakening over time. However, the dispensation of live attenuated viral vaccines is controversial because of the risk of the activation of vaccine viruses. A particular immunization schedule should be employed according to the clinical and immunological condition of each of these patients to guarantee a constant immune response without any risks to the patients' health.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Immunocompromised Host
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/epidemiology
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/therapy
- Incidence
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/epidemiology
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/therapy
- Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology
- Opportunistic Infections/immunology
- Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control
- Risk Factors
- Vaccination
- Vaccine Efficacy
- Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Vaccines/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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15
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González-Osuna L, Sierra-Cristancho A, Rojas C, Cafferata EA, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Cárdenas AM, Vernal R. Premature Senescence of T-cells Favors Bone Loss During Osteolytic Diseases. A New Concern in the Osteoimmunology Arena. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1150-1161. [PMID: 34341698 PMCID: PMC8279535 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a biological process triggered in response to time-accumulated DNA damage, which prioritizes cell survival over cell function. Particularly, senescent T lymphocytes can be generated prematurely during chronic inflammatory diseases regardless of chronological aging. These senescent T lymphocytes are characterized by the loss of CD28 expression, a co-stimulatory receptor that mediates antigen presentation and effective T-cell activation. An increased number of premature senescent CD4+CD28- T lymphocytes has been frequently observed in osteolytic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteopenia, osteoporosis, and osteomyelitis. Indeed, CD4+CD28- T lymphocytes produce higher levels of osteoclastogenic molecular mediators directly related to pathologic bone loss, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-17A, and receptor-activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), as compared with regular CD4+CD28+ T lymphocytes. In addition, premature senescent CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes have been negatively associated with bone healing and regeneration by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation and mesenchymal stromal cell survival. Therefore, accumulated evidence supports the role of senescent T lymphocytes in osteoimmunology. Moreover, premature senescence of T-cells seems to be associated with the functional imbalance between the osteolytic T-helper type-17 (Th17) and bone protective T regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes, as well as the phenotypic instability of Treg lymphocytes responsible for its trans-differentiation into RANKL-producing exFoxp3Th17 cells, a key cellular phenomenon directly related to bone loss. Herein, we present a framework for the understanding of the pathogenic characteristics of T lymphocytes with a premature senescent phenotype; and particularly, we revise and discuss their role in the osteoimmunology of osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis González-Osuna
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Emilio A Cafferata
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
| | - Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Angélica M Cárdenas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Health Sciences Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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16
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Fernandes SG, Dsouza R, Khattar E. External environmental agents influence telomere length and telomerase activity by modulating internal cellular processes: Implications in human aging. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:103633. [PMID: 33711516 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
External environment affects cellular physiological processes and impact the stability of our genome. The most important structural components of our linear chromosomes which endure the impact by these agents, are the chromosomal ends called telomeres. Telomeres preserve the integrity of our genome by preventing end to end fusions and telomeric loss through by inhibiting DNA damage response (DDR) activation. This is accomplished by the presence of a six membered shelterin complex at telomeres. Further, telomeres cannot be replicated by normal DNA polymerase and require a special enzyme called telomerase which is expressed only in stem cells, few immune cells and germ cells. Telomeres are rich in guanine content and thus become extremely prone to damage arising due to physiological processes like oxidative stress and inflammation. External environmental factors which includes various physical, biological and chemical agents also affect telomere homeostasis by increasing oxidative stress and inflammation. In the present review, we highlight the effect of these external factors on telomerase activity and telomere length. We also discuss how the external agents affect the physiological processes, thus modulating telomere stability. Further, we describe its implication in the development of aging and its related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina George Fernandes
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Rebecca Dsouza
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Ekta Khattar
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India.
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17
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Chronowski C, Akhanov V, Chan D, Catic A, Finegold M, Sahin E. Fructose Causes Liver Damage, Polyploidy, and Dysplasia in the Setting of Short Telomeres and p53 Loss. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060394. [PMID: 34204343 PMCID: PMC8234056 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in humans and model systems have established an important role of short telomeres in predisposing to liver fibrosis through pathways that are incompletely understood. Recent studies have shown that telomere dysfunction impairs cellular metabolism, but whether and how these metabolic alterations contribute to liver fibrosis is not well understood. Here, we investigated whether short telomeres change the hepatic response to metabolic stress induced by fructose, a sugar that is highly implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We find that telomere shortening in telomerase knockout mice (TKO) imparts a pronounced susceptibility to fructose as reflected in the activation of p53, increased apoptosis, and senescence, despite lower hepatic fat accumulation in TKO mice compared to wild type mice with long telomeres. The decreased fat accumulation in TKO is mediated by p53 and deletion of p53 normalizes hepatic fat content but also causes polyploidy, polynuclearization, dysplasia, cell death, and liver damage. Together, these studies suggest that liver tissue with short telomers are highly susceptible to fructose and respond with p53 activation and liver damage that is further exacerbated when p53 is lost resulting in dysplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Chronowski
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (V.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Viktor Akhanov
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (V.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Doug Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Andre Catic
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (V.A.); (A.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Milton Finegold
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ergün Sahin
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (V.A.); (A.C.)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-713-798-6685; Fax: +1-713-798-4146
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the state of chronic, treated HIV infection and its contribution to accelerated aging, and to evaluate recent research relevant to the study and treatment of aging and senescence. RECENT FINDINGS Chronic treated HIV-1 infection is associated with significant risk of end-organ impairment, non-AIDS-associated malignancies, and accelerated physiologic aging. Coupled with the chronologic aging of the HIV-1-positive population, the development of therapies that target these processes is of great clinical importance. Age-related diseases are partly the result of cellular senescence. Both immune and nonimmune cell subsets are thought to mediate this senescent phenotype, a state of stable cell cycle arrest characterized by sustained release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Recent research in the field of aging has identified a number of 'senotherapeutics' to combat aging-related diseases, pharmacologic agents that act either by selectively promoting the death of senescent cells ('senolytics') or modifying senescent phenotype ('senomorphics'). SUMMARY Senescence is a hallmark of aging-related diseases that is characterized by stable cell cycle arrest and chronic inflammation. Chronic HIV-1 infection predisposes patients to aging-related illnesses and is similarly marked by a senescence-like phenotype. A better understanding of the role of HIV-1 in aging will inform the development of therapeutics aimed at eliminating senescent cells that drive accelerated physiologic aging.
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19
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Lin RJ, Elias HK, van den Brink MRM. Immune Reconstitution in the Aging Host: Opportunities for Mechanism-Based Therapy in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674093. [PMID: 33953731 PMCID: PMC8089387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Older patients with hematologic malignancies are increasingly considered for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with encouraging outcomes. While aging-related thymic dysfunction remains a major obstacle to optimal and timely immune reconstitution post- transplantation, recent accumulating evidence has suggested that various aging hallmarks such as cellular senescence, inflamm-aging, and hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion, could also impact immune reconstitution post-transplantation in both thymic-dependent and independent manner. Here we review molecular and cellular aspects of immune senescence and immune rejuvenation related to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation among older patients and discuss potential strategies for mechanism-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lin
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Harold K Elias
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcel R M van den Brink
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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20
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Hu D, Yuan S, Zhong J, Liu Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Li J, Wen F, Liu J, Zhang J. Cellular senescence and hematological malignancies: From pathogenesis to therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107817. [PMID: 33587950 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence constitutes a permanent state of cell cycle arrest in proliferative cells induced by different stresses. The exploration of tumor pathogenesis and therapies has been a research hotspot in recent years. Cellular senescence is a significant mechanism to prevent the proliferation of potential tumor cells, but it can also promote tumor growth. Increasing evidence suggests that cellular senescence is involved in the pathogenesis and development of hematological malignancies, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and multiple myeloma (MM). Cellular senescence is associated with functional decline of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and increased risk of hematological malignancies. Moreover, the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has a crucial regulatory effect in the process of these diseases. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the BM microenvironment establishes a protumor environment that supports the proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Therefore, a series of therapeutic strategies targeting cellular senescence have been gradually developed, including the induction of cellular senescence and elimination of senescent cells. This review systematically summarizes the emerging information describing the roles of cellular senescence in tumorigenesis and potential clinical applications, which may be beneficial for designing rational therapeutic strategies for various hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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21
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Willis EL, Eberle R, Wolf RF, White GL, McFarlane D. Effects of Chronic Viral Infection on Lymphocyte Populations in Middle-aged Baboons ( Papio anubis). Comp Med 2021; 71:177-187. [PMID: 33579397 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-20-000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aging of the immune system is characterized by the loss of naïve T-cells, increased inflammation, and immune function impairment. Chronic infection with cytomegalovirus is thought to play a role in age-related changes in immunity. Therefore, to assess the effect of pathogens such as cytomegalovirus on the immune system, we determined lymphocyte populations and inflammatory markers over a 3-y period in captive, middle-age baboons, with various exposure to pathogens and shedding pressure. Groups included SPF (i.e., pathogen-negative; n = 14); large-group, conventionally housed (CONV LG; pathogen- positive; n = 14), and small-group, conventionally housed (CONV SM; pathogen-positive; n = 7). All baboon groups showed a decrease in CD45RA+ CD28+ (i.e., naive) cells over time during middle age, but the rate of decline appeared faster in CONV LG baboons than in the other groups. In addition, the reduction in CD45RA+ CD28+ cells in the CONV LG baboons coincided with higher IgG levels against baboon cytomegalovirus, increased serum cortisol concentration, and a greater inflammatory phenotype. The results of this project support a role for cytomegalovirus infection in immune system alterations in middle-aged baboons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Willis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Richard Eberle
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Roman F Wolf
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Current Address: Oklahoma City Veterans Administration Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Gary L White
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Current Address: Primate Consulting, Edmond, Oklahoma
| | - Dianne McFarlane
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma;,
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22
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Caetano AJ, Yianni V, Volponi A, Booth V, D'Agostino EM, Sharpe P. Defining human mesenchymal and epithelial heterogeneity in response to oral inflammatory disease. eLife 2021; 10:62810. [PMID: 33393902 PMCID: PMC7781605 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human oral soft tissues provide the first barrier of defence against chronic inflammatory disease and hold a remarkable scarless wounding phenotype. Tissue homeostasis requires coordinated actions of epithelial, mesenchymal, and immune cells. However, the extent of heterogeneity within the human oral mucosa and how tissue cell types are affected during the course of disease progression is unknown. Using single-cell transcriptome profiling we reveal a striking remodelling of the epithelial and mesenchymal niches with a decrease in functional populations that are linked to the aetiology of the disease. Analysis of ligand–receptor interaction pairs identify potential intercellular hubs driving the inflammatory component of the disease. Our work establishes a reference map of the human oral mucosa in health and disease, and a framework for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Caetano
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Val Yianni
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica Booth
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor M D'Agostino
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Pablos JL, Galindo M, Carmona L, Lledó A, Retuerto M, Blanco R, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Martinez-Lopez D, Castrejón I, Alvaro-Gracia JM, Fernández Fernández D, Mera-Varela A, Manrique-Arija S, Mena Vázquez N, Fernandez-Nebro A. Clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and chronic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a multicentric matched cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:1544-1549. [PMID: 32796045 PMCID: PMC7430185 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of inflammatory rheumatic diseases on COVID-19 severity is poorly known. Here, we compare the outcomes of a cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases with a matched control cohort to identify potential risk factors for severe illness. METHODS In this comparative cohort study, we identified hospital PCR+COVID-19 rheumatic patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis (IA) or connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Non-rheumatic controls were randomly sampled 1:1 and matched by age, sex and PCR date. The main outcome was severe COVID-19, defined as death, invasive ventilation, intensive care unit admission or serious complications. We assessed the association between the outcome and the potential prognostic variables, adjusted by COVID-19 treatment, using logistic regression. RESULTS The cohorts were composed of 456 rheumatic and non-rheumatic patients, in equal numbers. Mean age was 63 (IQR 53-78) years and male sex 41% in both cohorts. Rheumatic diseases were IA (60%) and CTD (40%). Most patients (74%) had been hospitalised, and the risk of severe COVID-19 was 31.6% in the rheumatic and 28.1% in the non-rheumatic cohort. Ageing, male sex and previous comorbidity (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular or lung disease) increased the risk in the rheumatic cohort by bivariate analysis. In logistic regression analysis, independent factors associated with severe COVID-19 were increased age (OR 4.83; 95% CI 2.78 to 8.36), male sex (1.93; CI 1.21 to 3.07) and having a CTD (OR 1.82; CI 1.00 to 3.30). CONCLUSION In hospitalised patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, having a CTD but not IA nor previous immunosuppressive therapies was associated with severe COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Alanine/analogs & derivatives
- Alanine/therapeutic use
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/complications
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/epidemiology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology
- Betacoronavirus
- COVID-19
- Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cohort Studies
- Comorbidity
- Connective Tissue Diseases/complications
- Connective Tissue Diseases/drug therapy
- Connective Tissue Diseases/epidemiology
- Coronavirus Infections/complications
- Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy
- Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
- Drug Combinations
- Female
- Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
- Hospitalization
- Humans
- Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Logistic Models
- Lopinavir/therapeutic use
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Obesity/epidemiology
- Pandemics
- Pneumonia, Viral/complications
- Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica/complications
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica/drug therapy
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica/epidemiology
- Prognosis
- Rheumatic Diseases/complications
- Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy
- Rheumatic Diseases/epidemiology
- Risk Factors
- Ritonavir/therapeutic use
- SARS-CoV-2
- Severity of Illness Index
- Sex Factors
- Sjogren's Syndrome/complications
- Sjogren's Syndrome/drug therapy
- Sjogren's Syndrome/epidemiology
- Spondylarthropathies/complications
- Spondylarthropathies/drug therapy
- Spondylarthropathies/epidemiology
- COVID-19 Drug Treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Pablos
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Galindo
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Loreto Carmona
- Instituto de Salud Musculoesquelética (INMUSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Lledó
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Retuerto
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Blanco
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Miguel A Gonzalez-Gay
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - David Martinez-Lopez
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Isabel Castrejón
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Alvaro-Gracia
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Fernández Fernández
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera-Varela
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sara Manrique-Arija
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Mena Vázquez
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Nebro
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
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24
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Tran-Nguyen TK, Xue J, Feghali-Bostwick C, Sciurba FC, Kass DJ, Duncan SR. CD70 Activation Decreases Pulmonary Fibroblast Production of Extracellular Matrix Proteins. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:255-265. [PMID: 32320626 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0450oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal, medically refractory syndrome characterized by intrapulmonary accumulations of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins produced by fibroblasts. Activation, clonal expansion, and differentiation of lymphocytes are also frequently present in IPF. Activated T cells are known to exert several effects that promote ECM production, but opposing homeostatic actions, wherein T cells can inhibit fibrosis, are less well understood. We found that CD27, a TNF receptor ubiquitously expressed on naive T cells, is downregulated on CD4 T cells of patients with IPF and that CD70, the sole ligand for CD27, is present on human pulmonary fibroblasts. We hypothesized that cognate engagements between lymphocyte CD27 and fibroblast CD70 could have functional consequences. Accordingly, a series of subsequent studies were conducted to examine the possible role of CD27-CD70 interactions in the regulation of fibrogenesis. Using IB, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and kinomic assays, we found that fibroblast CD70 expression was inversely correlated with cell density and upregulated by TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1). CD70 agonists, including T-cell-derived soluble CD27, markedly diminished fibroblast collagen and fibronectin synthesis, and these effects were potent enough to also inhibit profibrotic actions of TGF-β1 on ECM production in vitro and in two distinct ex vivo human skin models. CD70 activation was mediated by AKT (protein kinase B) and complex interconnected signaling pathways, and it was abated by prior CD70 knockdown. These results show that the CD70-CD27 axis modulates T-cell-fibroblast interactions and may be an important regulator of fibrosis and wound healing. Fibroblast CD70 could also be a novel target for specific mechanistically based antifibrosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi K Tran-Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jianmin Xue
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Frank C Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Daniel J Kass
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Steven R Duncan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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25
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Hartzell S, Bin S, Cantarelli C, Haverly M, Manrique J, Angeletti A, Manna GL, Murphy B, Zhang W, Levitsky J, Gallon L, Yu SMW, Cravedi P. Kidney Failure Associates With T Cell Exhaustion and Imbalanced Follicular Helper T Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583702. [PMID: 33117396 PMCID: PMC7552886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with kidney failure are at increased risk of cardiovascular events, as well as infections and malignancies, but the associated immunological abnormalities are unclear. We hypothesized that the uremic milieu triggers a chronic inflammatory state that, while accelerating atherosclerosis, promotes T cell exhaustion, impairing effective clearance of pathogens and tumor cells. Clinical and demographic data were collected from 78 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n = 42) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) (n = 36) and from 18 healthy controls (HC). Serum cytokines were analyzed by Luminex. Immunophenotype of T cells was performed by flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ESKD patients had significantly higher serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, sCD40L, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1β than CKD and HC. After mitogen stimulation, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in ESKD group demonstrated a pro-inflammatory phenotype with increased IFN-γ and TNF-α, whereas both CKD and ESKD patients had higher IL-2 levels. CKD and ESKD were associated with increased frequency of exhausted CD4+ T cells (CD4+KLRG1+PD1+CD57-) and CD8+ T cells (CD8+KLRG1+PD1+CD57-), as well as anergic CD4+ T cells (CD4+KLRG1-PD1+CD57-) and CD8+ T cells (CD8+KLRG1-PD1+CD57-). Although total percentage of follicular helper T cell (TFH) was similar amongst groups, ESKD had reduced frequency of TFH1 (CCR6-CXCR3+CXCR5+PD1+CD4+CD8-), but increased TFH2 (CCR6-CXCR3-CXCR5+PD1+CD4+CD8-), and plasmablasts (CD3-CD56-CD19+CD27highCD38highCD138-). In conclusion, kidney failure is associated with pro-inflammatory markers, exhausted T cell phenotype, and upregulated TFH2, especially in ESKD. These immunological changes may account, at least in part, for the increased cardiovascular risk in these patients and their susceptibility to infections and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hartzell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sofia Bin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chiara Cantarelli
- UO Nefrologia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Meredith Haverly
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joaquin Manrique
- Nephrology Service, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna Sant'Orsola- Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Murphy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Josh Levitsky
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lorenzo Gallon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Samuel Mon-Wei Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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26
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Perez MD, Seu L, Lowman KE, Moylan DC, Tidwell C, Samuel S, Duverger A, Wagner FH, Carlin E, Sharma V, Pope B, Raman C, Erdmann N, Locke J, Hu H, Sabbaj S, Kutsch O. The tetraspanin CD151 marks a unique population of activated human T cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15748. [PMID: 32978478 PMCID: PMC7519159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72719-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are a family of proteins with an array of functions that are well studied in cancer biology, but their importance in immunology is underappreciated. Here we establish the tetraspanin CD151 as a unique marker of T-cell activation and, in extension, an indicator of elevated, systemic T-cell activity. Baseline CD151 expression found on a subset of T-cells was indicative of increased activation of the MAPK pathway. Following TCR/CD3 activation, CD151 expression was upregulated on the overall T-cell population, a quintessential feature of an activation marker. CD151+ T-cell frequencies in the spleen, an organ with increased immune activity, were twice as high as in paired peripheral blood samples. This CD151+ T-cell frequency increase was not paralleled by an increase of CD25 or CD38, demonstrating that CD151 expression is regulated independently of other T-cell activation markers. CD151+ T-cells were also more likely to express preformed granzyme B, suggesting that CD151+ T cells are pro-inflammatory. To this end, HIV-1 patients on antiretroviral therapy who are reported to exhibit chronically elevated levels of immune activity, had significantly higher CD4+CD151+ T-cell frequencies than healthy controls, raising the possibility that proinflammatory CD151+ T cells could contribute to the premature immunological aging phenotype observed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mildred D Perez
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lillian Seu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kelsey E Lowman
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David C Moylan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christopher Tidwell
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shekwonya Samuel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alexandra Duverger
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Frederic H Wagner
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eric Carlin
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brandon Pope
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nathan Erdmann
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jayme Locke
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Steffanie Sabbaj
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Olaf Kutsch
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Akagi J, Baba H. Hydrogen gas activates coenzyme Q10 to restore exhausted CD8 + T cells, especially PD-1 +Tim3 +terminal CD8 + T cells, leading to better nivolumab outcomes in patients with lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:258. [PMID: 32994821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As previously reported, hydrogen gas improves the prognosis of patients with cancer by restoring exhausted CD8+ T cells into active CD8+ T cells, possibly by activating mitochondria. As mitochondrial activators exhibit synergistic effects with nivolumab, the current study investigated whether hydrogen gas also affects the clinical outcomes of nivolumab. A total of 42 of 56 patients with lung cancer treated with nivolumab received hydrogen gas. Exhausted markers (PD-1 and Tim-3) on cell populations in the CD8+ T cell differentiation pathway were analyzed using flow cytometry. The concentration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was measured as a marker of mitochondrial function. The 42 patients treated with hydrogen gas and nivolumab (HGN) indicated a significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared with those treated with nivolumab only (n=14). In multivariate analysis, PD-1+Tim-3+terminal CD8+ T cells (PDT+) were an independent poor prognostic factor in OS, and CoQ10 showed a tendency to be associated with improved OS. The change in the rate of PDT+ and CoQ10 after vs. before HGN (PDT+ ratio and CoQ10 ratio, respectively) revealed that patients with low PDT+ ratio (<0.81) and high CoQ10 ratio (>1.175) had significantly longer OS compared with those with high PDT+ ratio and low CoQ10 ratio. Furthermore, PDT+, with a significant reverse correlation with CoQ10, was significantly lower in patients with high CoQ10 and/or CoQ10 ratio than in those low CoQ10 and/or CoQ10. Hydrogen gas has been suggested to enhance the clinical efficacy of nivolumab by increasing CoQ10 (mitochondria) to reduce PDT+, with PDT+ and CoQ10 as reliable negative and positive biomarkers of nivolumab, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Akagi
- Department of Surgery, Tamana Regional Health Medical Center, Kumamoto 865-0005, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Orlik C, Deibel D, Küblbeck J, Balta E, Ganskih S, Habicht J, Niesler B, Schröder-Braunstein J, Schäkel K, Wabnitz G, Samstag Y. Keratinocytes costimulate naive human T cells via CD2: a potential target to prevent the development of proinflammatory Th1 cells in the skin. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:380-394. [PMID: 31324882 PMCID: PMC7109061 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between keratinocytes and immune cells, especially T cells, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases. During psoriasis, keratinocytes attract T cells by releasing chemokines, while skin-infiltrating self-reactive T cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines, e.g., IFNγ and IL-17A, that cause epidermal hyperplasia. Similarly, in chronic graft-versus-host disease, allogenic IFNγ-producing Th1/Tc1 and IL-17-producing Th17/Tc17 cells are recruited by keratinocyte-derived chemokines and accumulate in the skin. However, whether keratinocytes act as nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells to directly activate naive human T cells in the epidermis remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that under proinflammatory conditions, primary human keratinocytes indeed activate naive human T cells. This activation required cell contact and costimulatory signaling via CD58/CD2 and CD54/LFA-1. Naive T cells costimulated by keratinocytes selectively differentiated into Th1 and Th17 cells. In particular, keratinocyte-initiated Th1 differentiation was dependent on costimulation through CD58/CD2. The latter molecule initiated STAT1 signaling and IFNγ production in T cells. Costimulation of T cells by keratinocytes resulting in Th1 and Th17 differentiation represents a new explanation for the local enrichment of Th1 and Th17 cells in the skin of patients with a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Consequently, local interference with T cell-keratinocyte interactions may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of Th1 and Th17 cell-driven skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Orlik
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Deibel
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Küblbeck
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emre Balta
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabina Ganskih
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jüri Habicht
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beate Niesler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics, and nCounter Core Facility, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jutta Schröder-Braunstein
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Knut Schäkel
- Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Wabnitz
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Samstag
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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29
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Zhong C, Lang Q, Yu J, Wu S, Xu F, Tian Y. Phenotypical and potential functional characteristics of different immune cells expressing CD28H/B7-H5 and their relationship with cancer prognosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 200:12-21. [PMID: 31901178 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD28H and B7-H5 have been identified as receptor-ligand pairs in the B7/CD28 family, and have co-stimulatory activity in immune cells. Here, we have systematically reviewed the research reports concerning the CD28H/B7-H5 pathway. It was found that CD28H is mainly expressed in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells with naive and poorly differentiated properties, and repeated antigen stimulation leads to permanent loss of CD28H. In tumors, CD28H is mainly expressed in tissue-resident memory (TRM ) lymphocyte T cells, which is associated with improved tumor prognosis. B7-H5 is a ligand for CD28H and is widely expressed in tumor cells. B7-H5 expression is closely related to the prognosis of the tumor. Studies have shown that high expression of B7-H5 in tumor is related to a worse prognosis for lung cancer, osteosarcoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), breast carcinoma, human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), but is associated with a better prognosis for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and glioma. Controversial views exist in studies on gastric cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Q Lang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - S Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - F Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Tay C, Kanellakis P, Hosseini H, Cao A, Toh BH, Bobik A, Kyaw T. B Cell and CD4 T Cell Interactions Promote Development of Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3046. [PMID: 31998318 PMCID: PMC6965321 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between B and CD4 T cells is crucial for their optimal responses in adaptive immunity. Immune responses augmented by their partnership promote chronic inflammation. Here we report that interaction between B and CD4 T cells augments their atherogenicity to promote lipid-induced atherosclerosis. Genetic deletion of the gene encoding immunoglobulin mu (μ) heavy chain (μMT) in ApoE−/− mice resulted in global loss of B cells including those in atherosclerotic plaques, undetectable immunoglobulins and impaired germinal center formation. Despite unaffected numbers in the circulation and peripheral lymph nodes, CD4 T cells were also reduced in spleens as were activated and memory CD4 T cells. In hyperlipidemic μMT−/− ApoE−/− mice, B cell deficiency decreased atherosclerotic lesions, accompanied by absence of immunoglobulins and reduced CD4 T cell accumulation in lesions. Adoptive transfer of B cells deficient in either MHCII or co-stimulatory molecule CD40, molecules required for B and CD4 T cell interaction, into B cell-deficient μMT−/− ApoE−/− mice failed to increase atherosclerosis. In contrast, wildtype B cells transferred into μMT−/− ApoE−/− mice increased atherosclerosis and increased CD4 T cells in lesions including activated and memory CD4 T cells. Transferred B cells also increased their expression of atherogenic cytokines IL-1β, TGF-β, MCP-1, M-CSF, and MIF, with partial restoration of germinal centers and plasma immunoglobulins. Our study demonstrates that interaction between B and CD4 T cells utilizing MHCII and CD40 is essential to augment their function to increase atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. These findings suggest that targeting B cell and CD4 T cell interaction may be a therapeutic strategy to limit atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Tay
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Kanellakis
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hamid Hosseini
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anh Cao
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ban-Hock Toh
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Bobik
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tin Kyaw
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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31
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Zhou B, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Deng W, Li Y. Effect of Allogenic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on T Cells of Old Mice. Cell Reprogram 2019; 22:30-35. [PMID: 31895587 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate age-related changes in T cells and stem cell-related genes in mice and the changes in T cells and stem cell-related genes after allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation, BALB/c mice were divided into young (2 months, n = 5) and old (20 months, n = 5) groups and 1 × 107 BMSCs from 3-week-old C57BL/6J mice were injected into the old mice (n = 5). T lymphocytes including CD3+, CD8+, CD8+CD28+, and CD8+CD44lowCD62LhighSca-1+ stem cell-like memory T cells from spleens were analyzed by flow cytometry. mRNA transcriptions of the tumor suppressor p16INK4A and the senescence inhibiting AUF 1 and stem cell-related ADAM12, GIL3, c-MYC, NANOG, Wnt, HOX11, Sox2, Oct3/4, and KLF4 genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for comparison between young and old mice and old mice after BMSC application. Stem cell-related genes were reduced transcribed in old mice, an action that could be partly or completely reversed for some genes by BMSC injections. The proportion of CD8+CD28+ T cells in the spleens of old mice was significantly reduced (p < 0.01), indicating advanced proliferative T cell senescence. The CD8+CD44lowCD62Lhigh cell fraction was significantly reduced and that of CD8+CD44lowCD62LhighSca-1+ increased in splenic CD8+ cells of old mice, both actions of which were reversed by BMSC injections. p16INK4A transcription was enhanced and AUF1 transcription was reduced in old mice, the latter effect partly reversed by BMSC injections. BMSC injections led to recovery of stem cell-related gene activation or BMSC stem cell-related gene expression tolerance in spleens of old mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyu Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenmin Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Yang Si Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- International Medical Plastic and Cosmetic Centre, China Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
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32
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CD8 +CD28 - T cells: key cytotoxic players impacting disease pathogenesis in chronic HBV infection. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1917-1934. [PMID: 31477625 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During chronic hepatitis B (CHB), CD8+ T cells down-regulate CD28, the primary co-stimulation molecule for T-cell activation. Diverse functional attributes of CD8+CD28- T cells are suggested in various disease contexts. The present study aimed to characterize CD8+CD28- T cells in different phases of chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHI)- Immune-tolerance (IT), Hepatitis B e-antigen-positive CHB (EP-CHB), Inactive carriers (IC) and Hepatitis B e-antigen-negative CHB (EN-CHB), to appraise their contribution in HBV-related disease pathophysiology. Flow cytometry analysis of T cells in peripheral blood of study subjects revealed enhanced CD8+CD28- T-cell accumulation in EP-/EN-CHB, compared with IT/IC and they expanded equivalently in HBV-specific and non-specific CD8+ T-cell compartments. Profound increase in CD8+CD28- T cells expressing perforin/granzyme-B/CD57/IFN-γ/TNF-α and markers of terminal differentiation were observed exclusively in EP-/EN-CHB. Further, activation with anti-NKG2D resulted in heightened IFN-γ/TNF-α production selectively from CD8+CD28- T cells, suggesting NKG2D-mediated alternative co-stimulation. CD8+CD28- T cells sorted from CHB patients induced enhanced apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), including CD4+ T cells. However, NKG2D-ligand (major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecule A/B (MICA/B)) was preferentially expressed by HBV-specific CD4+ T cells of CHB patients, making these cells a potential target to NKG2D-dependent CD8+CD28- T-cell killing. Both CD28+ and CD28- T cells in CHB expressed CXCR3 at similar levels and thus capable of homing to the liver. A positive correlation was seen between CD8+CD28- T-cell frequency and serum-alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and CHB-derived CD8+CD28- T cells caused pronounced cell death in HBV-transfected Huh7 cells. Immunofluorescence staining identified greater intrahepatic incidence of CD8+CD28- T cells but decline in CD4+ T cells in CHB than IC. Collectively, CD8+CD28- T cells demonstrated differential distribution and phenotypic/functional skewing in different CHI phases and contribute to disease progression by Perforin-Granzyme- or IFN-γ-TNF-α-mediated cytotoxicity while restraining antiviral immunity through NKG2D-dependent HBV-specific CD4+ T-cell depletion.
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33
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Hid Cadena R, Reitsema RD, Huitema MG, van Sleen Y, van der Geest KSM, Heeringa P, Boots AMH, Abdulahad WH, Brouwer E. Decreased Expression of Negative Immune Checkpoint VISTA by CD4+ T Cells Facilitates T Helper 1, T Helper 17, and T Follicular Helper Lineage Differentiation in GCA. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1638. [PMID: 31379838 PMCID: PMC6646729 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of immune checkpoint (IC) Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) and PD-Ligand1 (PD-L1) expression has been implicated in the immunopathology of Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA). The contribution of the negative immune checkpoint V-domain Immunoglobulin-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) to GCA pathology has not yet been studied. The aim of our study was to investigate if expression of VISTA and other IC molecules by peripheral blood (PB) immune cells is modulated in GCA and at the site of vascular inflammation. In addition, we assessed the effect of VISTA-Ig engagement on in vitro CD4+ T helper (Th) lineage differentiation. To this end, frequencies of monocytes expressing CD80/86, PD-L1, PD-L2, and VISTA were determined in blood samples from 30 GCA patients and 18 matched healthy controls by flow cytometry. In parallel, frequencies of CD4+ cells expressing CD28, Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), PD-1, and VISTA were determined. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect VISTA, PD-1, and PD-L1-expressing cells in temporal artery biopsies (TABs) diagnostic of GCA. Furthermore, the effect of VISTA-Ig on in vitro CD4+ Th lineage differentiation in patients and controls was determined. Our study shows that frequencies of CD80/CD86+ and VISTA+ monocytes were decreased in treated GCA patients only. Moreover, proportions of PD-1+ and VISTA+ Th cells were significantly decreased in GCA patients. Clear infiltration of VISTA+, PD1+, and PD-L1+ cells was seen in GCA TABs. Finally, VISTA-Ig engagement failed to suppress Th1, Th17, and Tfh lineage development in GCA. Our results indicate that decreased expression of VISTA may facilitate development of pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells in GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Hid Cadena
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rosanne D Reitsema
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Minke G Huitema
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yannick van Sleen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Kornelis S M van der Geest
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Annemieke M H Boots
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wayel H Abdulahad
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Brouwer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Assessment of CD40 and CD40L expression in rheumatoid arthritis patients, association with clinical features and DAS28. Clin Exp Med 2019; 19:427-437. [PMID: 31313080 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The predominance of the effector mechanisms by CD4 + T cells is a characteristic of inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway contributes to these pathogenic mechanisms by promoting autoantibody production and inflammation. Aberrant expression of CD40 and CD40L in RA patients has been shown, the latter prevailing in females. However, contrasting results have emerged regarding the clinical associations of these findings. We determined the association of CD40 and CD40L expression with the clinical activity evaluated through DAS28 in RA patients. A total of 38 female RA patients and 10 age- and sex-matched control subjects were included. CD40 and CD40L mRNA expression was quantified by real-time qPCR, cell surface proteins were determined by flow cytometry, and protein soluble forms were determined by ELISA. The expansion of a CD4 + T cell subpopulation expressing CD40 was identified in the RA group. In addition, high frequencies of CD4 + CD40L + T cells expressing high levels of CD40L, increased levels of sCD40L and overexpression of CD40L mRNA were observed in these patients. Moreover, there was a gradual increase in CD40L when data were stratified according to DAS28, except for very active patients. No correlation was observed between the levels of mRNA, cell surface protein and soluble protein of CD40 and CD40L with the clinical features of RA patients. There is an altered expression of CD40L in female RA patients in association with clinical activity assessed by DAS28, these findings support the evidence that suggests CD40L as a marker of clinical activity.
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ElAlfy MS, Adly AAM, Ebeid FSE, Eissa DS, Ismail EAR, Mohammed YH, Ahmed ME, Saad AS. Immunological role of CD4 +CD28 null T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and interferon-gamma in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease: relation to disease severity and response to therapy. Immunol Res 2019; 66:480-490. [PMID: 29926339 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with alterations in immune phenotypes. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes have pro-inflammatory functions and are linked to vascular diseases. To assess the percentage of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), and IFN-gamma levels, we compared 40 children and adolescents with SCD with 40 healthy controls and evaluated their relation to disease severity and response to therapy. Patients with SCD steady state were studied, focusing on history of frequent vaso-occlusive crisis, hydroxyurea therapy, and IFN-gamma levels. Analysis of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes and NK cells was done by flow cytometry. Liver and cardiac iron overload were assessed. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes, NK cells, and IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher in patients than controls. Patients with history of frequent vaso-occlusive crisis and those with vascular complications had higher percentage of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes and IFN-gamma while levels were significantly lower among hydroxyurea-treated patients. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes were positively correlated to transfusional iron input while these cells and IFN-gamma were negatively correlated to cardiac T2* and duration of hydroxyurea therapy. NK cells were correlated to HbS and indirect bilirubin. Increased expression of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes highlights their role in immune dysfunction and pathophysiology of SCD complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saleh ElAlfy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Deena Samir Eissa
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Manar Elsayed Ahmed
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Sayed Saad
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, M.U.S.T. University, Cairo, Egypt
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Huff WX, Kwon JH, Henriquez M, Fetcko K, Dey M. The Evolving Role of CD8 +CD28 - Immunosenescent T Cells in Cancer Immunology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112810. [PMID: 31181772 PMCID: PMC6600236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional, tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes drive the adaptive immune response to cancer. Thus, induction of their activity is the ultimate aim of all immunotherapies. Success of anti-tumor immunotherapy is precluded by marked immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) leading to CD8+ effector T cell dysfunction. Among the many facets of CD8+ T cell dysfunction that have been recognized—tolerance, anergy, exhaustion, and senescence—CD8+ T cell senescence is incompletely understood. Naïve CD8+ T cells require three essential signals for activation, differentiation, and survival through T-cell receptor, costimulatory receptors, and cytokine receptors. Downregulation of costimulatory molecule CD28 is a hallmark of senescent T cells and increased CD8+CD28− senescent populations with heterogeneous roles have been observed in multiple solid and hematogenous tumors. T cell senescence can be induced by several factors including aging, telomere damage, tumor-associated stress, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Tumor-induced T cell senescence is yet another mechanism that enables tumor cell resistance to immunotherapy. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of CD8+CD28− senescent T cell population, their origin, their function in immunology and pathologic conditions, including TME and their implication for immunotherapy. Further characterization and investigation into this subset of CD8+ T cells could improve the efficacy of future anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei X Huff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Jae Hyun Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Mario Henriquez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Kaleigh Fetcko
- Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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37
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't Hart BA. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the common marmoset: a translationally relevant model for the cause and course of multiple sclerosis. Primate Biol 2019; 6:17-58. [PMID: 32110715 PMCID: PMC7041540 DOI: 10.5194/pb-6-17-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging Western societies are facing an increasing prevalence of chronic
autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disorders (AIMIDs) for which treatments that are safe and effective are scarce. One of the
main reasons for this situation is the lack of animal models, which accurately replicate
clinical and pathological aspects of the human diseases. One important AIMID is the
neuroinflammatory disease multiple sclerosis (MS), for which the mouse experimental
autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model has been frequently used in preclinical
research. Despite some successes, there is a long list of experimental treatments that
have failed to reproduce promising effects observed in murine EAE models when they were
tested in the clinic. This frustrating situation indicates a wide validity gap between
mouse EAE and MS. This monography describes the development of an EAE model in nonhuman
primates, which may help to bridge the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert A 't Hart
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
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Iannetta M, Zingaropoli MA, Latronico T, Pati I, Pontecorvo S, Prezioso C, Pietropaolo V, Cortese A, Frontoni M, D'Agostino C, Francia A, Vullo V, Mastroianni CM, Liuzzi GM, Ciardi MR. Dynamic changes of MMP-9 plasma levels correlate with JCV reactivation and immune activation in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:311. [PMID: 30670793 PMCID: PMC6342994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 plasma levels during natalizumab treatment and their correlation with JC virus (JCV) reactivation and T-lymphocyte phenotypic modifications in peripheral blood samples from 34 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. MMP-9 levels were assessed by zymography in plasma samples. JCV-DNA was detected through quantitative real time PCR in plasma samples. T-lymphocyte phenotype was assessed with flow cytometry. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted increased from 12 to 24 natalizumab infusions. Stratifying plasma samples according to JCV-DNA detection, MMP-9 plasma levels were significantly increased in JCV-DNA positive than JCV-DNA negative samples. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted positively correlated with JCV viral load. CD4 immune senescence, CD8 immune activation and CD8 effector percentages were positively correlated to MMP-9 plasma levels, whereas a negative correlation between CD8 naïve percentages and MMP-9 plasma levels was found. Our data indicate an increase of MMP-9 plasma levels between 12 and 24 natalizumab infusions and a correlation with JCV-DNA detection in plasma, T-lymphocyte immune activation and senescence. These findings could contribute to understand PML pathogenesis under natalizumab treatment, suggesting a potential role of MMP-9 as a predictive marker of PML in RRMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iannetta
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pati
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Pontecorvo
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cortese
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Frontoni
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia D'Agostino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Francia
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vullo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Habiel DM, Espindola MS, Kitson C, Azzara AV, Coelho AL, Stripp B, Hogaboam CM. Characterization of CD28 null T cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:212-222. [PMID: 30315241 PMCID: PMC6301115 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung disease, with unknown etiopathogenesis and suboptimal therapeutic options. Previous reports have shown that increased T-cell numbers and CD28null phenotype is predictive of prognosis in IPF, suggesting that these cells might have a role in this disease. Flow cytometric analysis of explanted lung cellular suspensions showed a significant increase in CD8+ CD28null T cells in IPF relative to normal lung explants. Transcriptomic analysis of CD3+ T cells isolated from IPF lung explants revealed a loss of CD28-transcript expression and elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in IPF relative to normal T cells. IPF lung explant-derived T cells (enriched with CD28null T cells), but not normal donor lung CD28+ T cells induced dexamethasone-resistant lung remodeling in humanized NSG mice. Finally, CD28null T cells expressed similar CTLA4 and significantly higher levels of PD-1 proteins relative to CD28+ T cells and blockade of either proteins in humanized NSG mice, using anti-CTLA4, or anti-PD1, mAb treatment-accelerated lung fibrosis. Together, these results demonstrate that IPF CD28null T cells may promote lung fibrosis but the immune checkpoint proteins, CTLA-4 and PD-1, appears to limit this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Habiel
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Milena S Espindola
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Chris Kitson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Pennington, NJ, 08534, USA
| | - Anthony V Azzara
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Pennington, NJ, 08534, USA
| | - Ana Lucia Coelho
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Barry Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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40
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Pera A, Caserta S, Albanese F, Blowers P, Morrow G, Terrazzini N, Smith HE, Rajkumar C, Reus B, Msonda JR, Verboom M, Hallensleben M, Blasczyk R, Davies KA, Kern F. CD28 null pro-atherogenic CD4 T-cells explain the link between CMV infection and an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4509-4519. [PMID: 30214635 PMCID: PMC6134924 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased risk of cardiovascular death in Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected individuals remains unexplained, although it might partly result from the fact that CMV infection is closely associated with the accumulation of CD28null T-cells, in particular CD28null CD4 T-cells. These cells can directly damage endothelium and precipitate cardiovascular events. However, the current paradigm holds that the accumulation of CD28null T-cells is a normal consequence of aging, whereas the link between these T-cell populations and CMV infection is explained by the increased prevalence of this infection in older people. Resolving whether CMV infection or aging triggers CD28null T-cell expansions is of critical importance because, unlike aging, CMV infection can be treated. Methods: We used multi-color flow-cytometry, antigen-specific activation assays, and HLA-typing to dissect the contributions of CMV infection and aging to the accumulation of CD28null CD4 and CD8 T-cells in CMV+ and CMV- individuals aged 19 to 94 years. Linear/logistic regression was used to test the effect of sex, age, CMV infection, and HLA-type on CD28null T-cell frequencies. Results: The median frequencies of CD28null CD4 T-cells and CD28null CD8 T-cells were >12-fold (p=0.000) but only approximately 2-fold higher (p=0.000), respectively, in CMV+ (n=136) compared with CMV- individuals (n=106). The effect of CMV infection on these T-cell subsets was confirmed by linear regression. Unexpectedly, aging contributed only marginally to an increase in CD28null T-cell frequencies, and only in CMV+ individuals. Interestingly, the presence of HLA-DRB1*0301 led to an approximately 9-fold reduction of the risk of having CD28null CD4 T-cell expansions (OR=0.108, p=0.003). Over 75% of CMV-reactive CD4 T-cells were CD28null. Conclusion: CMV infection and HLA type are major risk factors for CD28null CD4 T-cell-associated cardiovascular pathology. Increased numbers of CD28null CD8 T-cells are also associated with CMV infection, but to a lesser extent. Aging, however, makes only a negligible contribution to the expansion of these T-cell subsets, and only in the presence of CMV infection. Our results open up new avenues for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment.
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41
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Wandrer F, Han B, Liebig S, Schlue J, Manns MP, Schulze-Osthoff K, Bantel H. Senescence mirrors the extent of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:270-280. [PMID: 29863282 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic viral hepatitis is linked to fibrotic liver injury that can progress to liver cirrhosis with its associated complications. Recent evidence suggests a role of senescence in liver fibrosis, although the senescence regulators contributing to fibrosis progression remain unclear. AIM To investigate the role of senescence and different senescence markers for fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS The expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p21, p27 and p16 as well as the senescence markers p-HP1γ and γ-H2AX was analysed in liver tissue with different fibrosis stages. Senescence-associated chitotriosidase activity was measured in sera of HCV patients (n = 61) and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 22). RESULTS We found a remarkable up-regulation of the cell cycle inhibitors and senescence markers in chronic HCV infection compared to healthy liver tissue. Liver tissue with relevant fibrosis stages (F2-3) or cirrhosis (F4) revealed a significant increase in senescent cells compared to livers with no or minimal fibrosis (F0-1). In cirrhotic livers, a significantly higher number of p-HP1γ, p21 and p27 positive cells was detected compared to liver tissue with F2-3 fibrosis. Importantly, we identified T-cells as the dominant cell type contributing to increased senescence during fibrosis progression. Compared to healthy individuals, serum chitotriosidase was significantly elevated and correlated with histological fibrosis stages and liver stiffness as assessed by transient elastography. CONCLUSIONS Senescence of hepatic T-cells is enhanced in chronic viral hepatitis and increases with fibrosis progression. Serological detection of senescence-associated chitotriosidase might allow for the non-invasive detection of relevant fibrosis stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wandrer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Han
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - S Liebig
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Schlue
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - M P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - K Schulze-Osthoff
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
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42
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Mytych J, Romerowicz-Misielak M, Koziorowski M. Klotho protects human monocytes from LPS-induced immune impairment associated with immunosenescent-like phenotype. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:1-13. [PMID: 28478304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we provide a new evidence on immunosenescent-like phenotype induction in low density monocytes due to the long-term treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We show that LPS caused oxidative and nitrosative stress through zinc downregulation and calcium accumulation. In turn, increased amounts of ROS/RNS and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 led to the irreversible DNA damage, persistent DDR activation, proliferation inhibition, reduction in cell growth and immune impairment. Furthermore, we provide evidence that klotho reduced levels of ROS/RNS and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as upregulated secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in LPS-treated monocytes, thus the observed DNA damage was less severe, promptly and properly fixed and cells quickly resumed normal proliferation and maintained their immune functionality. Therefore, klotho protein could be considered as a protective factor against immunosenescent-like phenotype in monocytes an issue relevant to many immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mytych
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | - Maria Romerowicz-Misielak
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Marek Koziorowski
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
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43
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Kasakovski D, Xu L, Li Y. T cell senescence and CAR-T cell exhaustion in hematological malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:91. [PMID: 29973238 PMCID: PMC6032767 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell senescence has been recognized to play an immunosuppressive role in the aging population and cancer patients. Strategies dedicated to preventing or reversing replicative and premature T cell senescence are required to increase the lifespan of human beings and to reduce the morbidity from cancer. In addition, overcoming the T cell terminal differentiation or senescence from lymphoma and leukemia patients is a promising approach to enhance the effectiveness of adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT). Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell and T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T) cell therapy highly rely on functionally active T cells. However, the mechanisms which drive T cell senescence remain unclear and controversial. In this review, we describe recent progress for restoration of T cell homeostasis from age-related senescence as well as recovery of T cell activation in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Kasakovski
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 West of Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 West of Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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44
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Immunity and Inflammation: From Jekyll to Hyde. Exp Gerontol 2018; 107:98-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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45
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CD4 +CD28 null T Lymphocytes are Associated with the Development of Atrial Fibrillation after Elective Cardiac Surgery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9624. [PMID: 29941960 PMCID: PMC6018098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is postulated as a complex interaction of different pathogenic factors, suggesting inflammatory processes as a main trigger of this particular type of atrial fibrillation. Therefore, the study sought to assess the impact of cellular immunity on the development of POAF. Comparing patients developing POAF to individuals free of POAF the fraction of CD4+CD28null T Lymphocytes was significantly higher in individuals developing POAF (11.1% [POAF] vs. 1.9% [non-POAF]; p < 0.001). CD4+CD28null cells were independently associated with the development of POAF with an adjusted odds ratio per one standard deviation of 4.89 (95% CI: 2.68–8.97; p < 0.001). Compared to N-terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, the fraction of CD4+CD28null cells demonstrated an increased discriminatory power for the development of POAF (NRI: 87.9%, p < 0.001; IDI: 30.9%, p < 0.001). Interestingly, a pre-operative statin-therapy was associated with a lower fraction of CD4+CD28null cells (p < 0.001) and showed an inverse association with POAF (p < 0.001). CD4+CD28null cells proved to be predictive for the development of POAF after cardiac surgery. Our results potentially indicate an auto-immune impact of this preexisting, highly cytotoxic T cell subset in the pathogenesis of POAF, which might be modified via the anti-inflammatory potential of a pre-operative statin-therapy.
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46
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Muhsin-Sharafaldine MR, McLellan AD. Tumor-Derived Apoptotic Vesicles: With Death They Do Part. Front Immunol 2018; 9:957. [PMID: 29780392 PMCID: PMC5952256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells release lipid particles known as extracellular vesicles (EV) that contribute to cancer metastasis, to the immune response, and to thrombosis. When tumors are exposed to radiation or chemotherapy, apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs) are released in abundance as the plasma membrane delaminates from the cytoskeleton. Recent studies have suggested that ApoVs are distinct from the EVs released from living cells, such as exosomes or microvesicles. Depending on their treatment conditions, tumor-released ApoV have been suggested to either enhance or suppress anti-cancer immunity. In addition, tumor-derived ApoV possess procoagulant activity that could increase the thrombotic state in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Since ApoVs are one of the least appreciated type of EVs, we focus in this review on the distinctive characterization of tumor ApoVs and their proposed mechanistic effects on cancer immunity, coagulation, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander D McLellan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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47
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Song Y, Wang B, Song R, Hao Y, Wang D, Li Y, Jiang Y, Xu L, Ma Y, Zheng H, Kong Y, Zeng H. T-cell Immunoglobulin and ITIM Domain Contributes to CD8 + T-cell Immunosenescence. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12716. [PMID: 29349889 PMCID: PMC5847879 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with immune dysfunction, especially T-cell defects, which result in increased susceptibility to various diseases. Previous studies showed that T cells from aged mice express multiple inhibitory receptors, providing evidence of the relationship between T-cell exhaustion and T-cell senescence. In this study, we showed that T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domain (TIGIT), a novel co-inhibitory receptor, was upregulated in CD8+ T cells of elderly adults. Aged TIGIT+ CD8+ T cells expressed high levels of other inhibitory receptors including PD-1 and exhibited features of exhaustion such as downregulation of the key costimulatory receptor CD28, representative intrinsic transcriptional regulation, low production of cytokines, and high susceptibility to apoptosis. Importantly, their functional defects associated with aging were reversed by TIGIT knockdown. CD226 downregulation on aged TIGIT+ CD8+ T cells is likely involved in TIGIT-mediated negative immune suppression. Collectively, our findings indicated that TIGIT acts as a critical immune regulator during aging, providing a strong rationale for targeting TIGIT to improve dysfunction related to immune system aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzi Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Beibei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Rui Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe National Clinical Key Department of Infectious DiseaseBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Di Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuxin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yaluan Ma
- Lab for Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Theory on Chinese MedicineChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong Zheng
- Penn State Hershey Cancer InstitutePenn State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA
| | - Yaxian Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hui Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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48
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Hid Cadena R, Abdulahad WH, Hospers GAP, Wind TT, Boots AMH, Heeringa P, Brouwer E. Checks and Balances in Autoimmune Vasculitis. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29520282 PMCID: PMC5827159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated changes in the immune system including alterations in surface protein expression are thought to contribute to an increased susceptibility for autoimmune diseases. The balance between the expression of coinhibitory and costimulatory surface protein molecules, also known as immune checkpoint molecules, is crucial in fine-tuning the immune response and preventing autoimmunity. The activation of specific inhibitory signaling pathways allows cancer cells to evade recognition and destruction by the host immune system. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to treat cancer has proven to be effective producing durable antitumor responses in multiple cancer types. However, one of the disadvantages derived from the use of these agents is the appearance of inflammatory manifestations termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs are often relatively mild, but more severe irAEs have been reported as well including several forms of vasculitis. In this article, we argue that age-related changes in expression and function of immune checkpoint molecules lead to an unstable immune system, which is prone to tolerance failure and autoimmune vasculitis development. The topic is introduced by a case report from our hospital describing a melanoma patient treated with ICIs and who subsequently developed biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis. Following this case report, we present an in-depth review on the role of immune checkpoint pathways in the development and progression of autoimmune vasculitis and its relation with an aging immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Hid Cadena
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wayel H Abdulahad
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - G A P Hospers
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - T T Wind
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Annemieke M H Boots
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Brouwer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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49
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Lieberman NAP, DeGolier K, Haberthur K, Chinn H, Moyes KW, Bouchlaka MN, Walker KL, Capitini CM, Crane CA. An Uncoupling of Canonical Phenotypic Markers and Functional Potency of Ex Vivo-Expanded Natural Killer Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:150. [PMID: 29456538 PMCID: PMC5801405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cellular therapies for patients with cancer, including checkpoint blockade and ex vivo-expanded, tumor-specific T cells, have demonstrated that targeting the immune system is a powerful approach to the elimination of tumor cells. Clinical efforts have also demonstrated limitations, however, including the potential for tumor cell antigenic drift and neoantigen formation, which promote tumor escape and recurrence, as well as rapid onset of T cell exhaustion in vivo. These findings suggest that antigen unrestricted cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, may be beneficial for use as an alternative to or in combination with T cell based approaches. Although highly effective in lysing transformed cells, to date, few clinical trials have demonstrated antitumor function or persistence of transferred NK cells. Several recent studies describe methods to expand NK cells for adoptive transfer, although the effects of ex vivo expansion are not fully understood. We therefore explored the impact of a clinically validated 12-day expansion protocol using a K562 cell line expressing membrane-bound IL-15 and 4-1BB ligand with high-dose soluble IL-2 on the phenotype and functions of NK cells from healthy donors. Following expansions using this protocol, we found expression of surface proteins that implicate preferential expansion of NK cells that are not fully mature, as is typically associated with highly cytotoxic NK cell subsets. Despite increased expression of markers associated with functional exhaustion in T cells, we found that ex vivo-expanded NK cells retained cytokine production capacity and had enhanced tumor cell cytotoxicity. The preferential expansion of an NK cell subset that is phenotypically immature and functionally pleiotropic suggests that adoptively transferred cells may persist better in vivo when compared with previous methods using this approach. Ex vivo expansion does not quell killer immunoglobulin-like receptor diversity, allowing responsiveness to various factors in vivo that may influence activation and inhibition. Collectively, our data suggest that in addition to robust NK cell expansion that has been described using this method, expanded NK cells may represent an ideal cell therapy that is longer lived, highly potent, and responsive to an array of activating and inhibitory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A P Lieberman
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kole DeGolier
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristen Haberthur
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Harrison Chinn
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kara W Moyes
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Myriam N Bouchlaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kirsti L Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christian M Capitini
- Department of Pediatrics, Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Courtney A Crane
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Zhong JX, Chen J, Rao X, Duan L. Dichotomous roles of co-stimulatory molecules in diabetes mellitus. Oncotarget 2018; 9:2902-2911. [PMID: 29416823 PMCID: PMC5788691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have established the importance of immune dysfunction in the development of diabetes mellitus, including typ1 and typ2 diabetes, and it is worth noting that T cell activation acts a key role in the pathogenesis of loss of β cell mass, adipose inflammation and insulin resistance. Regarding as an important checkpoint in the process of T cell activation, co-stimulatory molecules interaction between antigen present cells and T cells have been identified the critical role in the development of diabetes mellitus. Thus, blockage of co-stimulatory dyads interaction between antigen present cells and T cells was supposed to a potential of therapeutic strategies. However, studies also showed that inhibition or deletion of some co-stimulatory molecules do not always reduce the development of diabetes, and even exacerbate the disease activity. Here, in this context, we highlight the dichotomous role of co-stimulatory molecules interaction in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xin Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, China 430061
| | - Jie Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
- Basic Medical Department of Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361102
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China 361003
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