1
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Nadri P, Nadri T, Gholami D, Zahmatkesh A, Hosseini Ghaffari M, Savvulidi Vargova K, Georgijevic Savvulidi F, LaMarre J. Role of miRNAs in assisted reproductive technology. Gene 2024; 927:148703. [PMID: 38885817 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Cellular proteins and the mRNAs that encode them are key factors in oocyte and sperm development, and the mechanisms that regulate their translation and degradation play an important role during early embryogenesis. There is abundant evidence that expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is crucial for embryo development and are highly involved in regulating translation during oocyte and early embryo development. MiRNAs are a group of short (18-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene silencing. The miRNAs are secreted outside the cell by embryos during preimplantation embryo development. Understanding regulatory mechanisms involving miRNAs during gametogenesis and embryogenesis will provide insights into molecular pathways active during gamete formation and early embryo development. This review summarizes recent findings regarding multiple roles of miRNAs in molecular signaling, plus their transport during gametogenesis and embryo preimplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Nadri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Touba Nadri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Dariush Gholami
- Department of Microbial Biotechniligy, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Azadeh Zahmatkesh
- Department of Anaerobic Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Karin Savvulidi Vargova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filipp Georgijevic Savvulidi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University, Prague, Kamýcká, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan LaMarre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada
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2
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Xing N, Gao L, Xie W, Deng H, Yang F, Liu D, Li A, Pang Q. Mining of potentially stem cell-related miRNAs in planarians. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:1045. [PMID: 39377855 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells and regenerative medicine have recently become important research topics. However, the complex stem cell regulatory networks involved in various microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Planarians are ideal animal models for studying stem cells owing to their rich stem cell populations (neoblasts) and extremely strong regeneration capacity. The roles of planarian miRNAs in stem cells and regeneration have long attracted attention. However, previous studies have generally provided simple datasets lacking integrative analysis. Here, we have summarized the miRNA family reported in planarians and highlighted conservation in both sequence and function. Furthermore, we summarized miRNA data related to planarian stem cells and regeneration and screened potential involved candidates. Nevertheless, the roles of these miRNAs in planarian regeneration and stem cells remain unclear. The identification of potential stem cell-related miRNAs offers more precise suggestions and references for future investigations of miRNAs in planarians. Furthermore, it provides potential research avenues for understanding the mechanisms of stem cell regulatory networks. Finally, we compiled a summary of the experimental methods employed for studying planarian miRNAs, with the aim of highlighting special considerations in certain procedures and providing more convenient technical support for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianhong Xing
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China.
| | - Wenshuo Xie
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Hongkuan Deng
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Fengtang Yang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Dongwu Liu
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Ao Li
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China.
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3
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Garg A, Shang R, Cvetanovic T, Lai EC, Joshua-Tor L. The structural landscape of Microprocessor-mediated processing of pri-let-7 miRNAs. Mol Cell 2024:S1097-2765(24)00741-X. [PMID: 39368465 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis is initiated upon cleavage of a primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) hairpin by the Microprocessor (MP), composed of the Drosha RNase III enzyme and its partner DGCR8. Multiple pri-miRNA sequence motifs affect MP recognition, fidelity, and efficiency. Here, we performed cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) and biochemical studies of several let-7 family pri-miRNAs in complex with human MP. We show that MP has the structural plasticity to accommodate a range of pri-miRNAs. These structures revealed key features of the 5' UG sequence motif, more comprehensively represented as the "flipped U with paired N" (fUN) motif. Our analysis explains how cleavage of class-II pri-let-7 members harboring a bulged nucleotide generates a non-canonical precursor with a 1-nt 3' overhang. Finally, the MP-SRSF3-pri-let-7f1 structure reveals how SRSF3 contributes to MP fidelity by interacting with the CNNC motif and Drosha's Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille (PAZ)-like domain. Overall, this study sheds light on the mechanisms for flexible recognition, accurate cleavage, and regulated processing of different pri-miRNAs by MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Garg
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Renfu Shang
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 430 East 67th St, ROC-10, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Todor Cvetanovic
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Eric C Lai
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 430 East 67th St, ROC-10, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Leemor Joshua-Tor
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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4
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Lee M, Byun WG, Son S, Park SB. Development of a molecular glue-based Lin28 degrader to regulate cellular proliferation and stemness. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39324213 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cellular processes including stemness and proliferation. Lin28, an RNA-binding protein, controls let-7 miRNA biogenesis and is a key factor in maintaining stem cell properties. We developed SB1349, a novel molecular glue-based degrader targeting Lin28. SB1349 induces Lin28 degradation through a proteasome-dependent pathway, enhances let-7 miRNA levels, and downregulates oncogenes c-Myc and IMP1. SB1349 also promotes the differentiation in neuroblastoma cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minha Lee
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Wan Gi Byun
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Sumin Son
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Seung Bum Park
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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5
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Garg A, Shang R, Cvetanovic T, Lai EC, Joshua-Tor L. The structural landscape of Microprocessor mediated pri- let-7 miRNA processing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.09.593372. [PMID: 38766155 PMCID: PMC11100773 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.593372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
miRNA biogenesis is initiated upon cleavage of a primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) hairpin by the Microprocessor (MP), composed of the Drosha RNase III enzyme and its partner DGCR8. Multiple pri-miRNA sequence motifs affect MP recognition, fidelity, and efficiency. Here, we performed cryo-EM and biochemical studies of several let-7 family pri-miRNAs in complex with human MP. We show that MP has the structural plasticity to accommodate a range of pri-miRNAs. These structures revealed key features of the 5' UG sequence motif, more comprehensively represented as the "fUN" motif. Our analysis explains how cleavage of class-II pri-let-7 members harboring a bulged nucleotide generates a noncanonical precursor with a 1-nt 3' overhang. Finally, the MP-SRSF3-pri-let-7f1 structure reveals how SRSF3 contributes to MP fidelity by interacting with the CNNC-motif and Drosha's PAZ-like domain. Overall, this study sheds light on the mechanisms for flexible recognition, accurate cleavage, and regulated processing of different pri-miRNAs by MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Garg
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Renfu Shang
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 430 East 67th St, ROC-10, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Todor Cvetanovic
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Eric C Lai
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 430 East 67th St, ROC-10, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Leemor Joshua-Tor
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Lead Contact
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6
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Cotino-Nájera S, García-Villa E, Cruz-Rosales S, Gariglio P, Díaz-Chávez J. The role of Lin28A and Lin28B in cancer beyond Let-7. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39152528 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Lin28A and Lin28B are paralogous RNA-binding proteins that play fundamental roles in development and cancer by regulating the microRNA family of tumor suppressor Let-7. Although Lin28A and Lin28B share some functional similarities with Let-7 inhibitors, they also have distinct expression patterns and biological functions. Increasing evidence indicates that Lin28A and Lin28B differentially impact cancer stem cell properties, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, and other hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, it is important to understand the overexpression of Lin28A and Lin28B paralogs in specific cancer contexts. In this review, we summarize the main similarities and differences between Lin28A and Lin28B, their implications in different cellular processes, and their role in different types of cancer. In addition, we provide evidence of other specific targets of each lin28 paralog, as well as the lncRNAs and miRNAs that promote or inhibit its expression, and how this impacts cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cotino-Nájera
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique García-Villa
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samantha Cruz-Rosales
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico
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7
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Aria H, Azizi M, Nazem S, Mansoori B, Darbeheshti F, Niazmand A, Daraei A, Mansoori Y. Competing endogenous RNAs regulatory crosstalk networks: The messages from the RNA world to signaling pathways directing cancer stem cell development. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35208. [PMID: 39170516 PMCID: PMC11337742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the cell types that account for cancer heterogeneity. The cancer cells arrest in G0 and generate non-CSC progeny through self-renewal and pluripotency, resulting in tumor recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. They can stimulate tumor relapse and re-grow a metastatic tumor. So, CSCs is a promising target for eradicating tumors, and developing an anti-CSCs therapy has been considered. In recent years competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) has emerged as a significant class of post-transcriptional regulators that affect gene expression via competition for microRNA (miRNA) binding. Furthermore, aberrant ceRNA expression is associated with tumor progression. Recent findings show that ceRNA network can cause tumor progression through the effect on CSCs. To overcome therapeutic resistance due to CSCs, we need to improve our current understanding of the mechanisms by which ceRNAs are implicated in CSC-related relapse. Thus, this review was designed to discuss the role of ceRNAs in CSCs' function. Targeting ceRNAs may open the path for new cancer therapeutic targets and can be used in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Aria
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shima Nazem
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Mansoori
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Darbeheshti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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8
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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Mohan Lal P, Hamza Siddiqui M, Soulat A, Mohan A, Tanush D, Tirath K, Raja S, Khuzzaim Khan M, Raja A, Chaulagain A, Tejwaney U. MicroRNAs as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic agents in breast cancer management: a comprehensive review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3543-3550. [PMID: 38846828 PMCID: PMC11152842 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), a complex and varied ailment, poses a significant global health burden. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as vital regulators in BC progression, with potential implications for diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to synthesize current insights into miRNA dysregulation in BC. MiRNAs, small RNA molecules, govern gene expression post-transcriptionally and are implicated in BC initiation, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Differential expression of specific miRNAs in BC tissues versus normal breast tissue sheds light on underlying molecular mechanisms. MiRNAs also offer promise as diagnostic biomarkers due to their stable nature, accessibility in bodily fluids, and altered expression patterns in early-stage disease, augmenting conventional diagnostic methods. Beyond diagnosis, miRNAs also hold promise as therapeutic targets in BC. By modulating the expression of specific dysregulated miRNAs, it may be possible to restore normal cellular functions and overcome treatment resistance. However, several challenges need to be addressed before miRNA-based therapies can be translated into clinical practice, including the development of efficient delivery systems and rigorous evaluation through preclinical and clinical trials. MiRNAs represent a promising avenue in BC research, offering potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions. As our understanding of miRNA biology deepens and technology advances, further research and collaborative efforts are needed to fully exploit the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNAs in BC management. Ultimately, the integration of miRNA-based approaches into clinical practice may lead to more personalized and effective strategies for combating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandesh Raja
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences
| | | | - Adarsh Raja
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aayush Chaulagain
- Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College and Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh
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10
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Bosgana P, Nikou S, Dimitrakopoulos FI, Bravou V, Kalophonos C, Kourea E, Tzelepi V, Zolota V, Sampsonas F. Expression of Pluripotency Factors OCT4 and LIN28 Correlates with Survival Outcome in Lung Adenocarcinoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:870. [PMID: 38929487 PMCID: PMC11205930 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lung adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality despite recent therapeutic advances. Cancer stem cells have gained increasing attention due to their ability to induce cancer cell proliferation through self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lineages. OCT4 and LIN28 (and their homologs A and B) have been identified as key regulators of pluripotency in mammalian embryonic (ES) and induced stem (IS) cells, and they are the crucial regulators of cancer progression. However, their exact role in lung adenocarcinoma has not yet been clarified. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to explore the role of the pluripotency factors OCT4 and LIN28 in a cohort of surgically resected human lung adenocarcinomas to reveal possible biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and potential therapeutic targets. The expressions of OCT4, LIN28A and LIN28B were analyzed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 96 patients with lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. The results were analyzed with clinicopathologic parameters and were related to the prognosis of patients. Results: Higher OCT4 expression was related to an improved 5-year overall survival (OS) rate (p < 0.001). Nuclear LIN28B expression was lower in stage I and II tumors (p < 0.05) compared to advanced stage tumors. LIN28B cytoplasmic expression was associated with 5-year OS rates not only in univariate (p < 0.005), but also in multivariate analysis (where age, gender, histopathological subtype and stage were used as cofactors, p < 0.01 HR = 2.592). Patients with lower LIN28B expression showed improved 5-year OS rates compared to patients with increased LIN28B expression. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that OCT4 and LIN28B are implicated in lung adenocarcinoma progression and prognosis outcome; thus, they serve as promising prognostic biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Bosgana
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (P.B.); (E.K.); (V.T.); (V.Z.)
| | - Sophia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (S.N.); (V.B.)
| | | | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (S.N.); (V.B.)
| | - Charalambos Kalophonos
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (F.-I.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Eleni Kourea
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (P.B.); (E.K.); (V.T.); (V.Z.)
| | - Vasiliki Tzelepi
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (P.B.); (E.K.); (V.T.); (V.Z.)
| | - Vassiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (P.B.); (E.K.); (V.T.); (V.Z.)
| | - Fotios Sampsonas
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
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11
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Messina S. The RAS oncogene in brain tumors and the involvement of let-7 microRNA. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:531. [PMID: 38637419 PMCID: PMC11026240 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
RAS oncogenes are master regulator genes in many cancers. In general, RAS-driven cancers have an oncogenic RAS mutation that promotes disease progression (colon, lung, pancreas). In contrast, brain tumors are not necessarily RAS-driven cancers because RAS mutations are rarely observed. In particular, glioblastomas (the most lethal brain tumor) do not appear to have dominant genetic mutations that are suitable for targeted therapy. Standard treatment for most brain tumors continues to focus on maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Yet the convergence of genomic aberrations such as EGFR, PDGFR and NF1 (some of which are clinically effective) with activation of the RAS/MAPK cascade is still considered a key point in gliomagenesis, and KRAS is undoubtedly a driving gene in gliomagenesis in mice. In cancer, microRNAs (miRNA) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate carcinogenesis. However, the functional consequences of aberrant miRNA expression in cancer are still poorly understood. let-7 encodes an intergenic miRNA that is classified as a tumour suppressor, at least in lung cancer. Let-7 suppresses a plethora of oncogenes such as RAS, HMGA, c-Myc, cyclin-D and thus suppresses cancer development, differentiation and progression. let-7 family members are direct regulators of certain RAS family genes by binding to the sequences in their 3'untranslated region (3'UTR). let-7 miRNA is involved in the malignant behaviour in vitro-proliferation, migration and invasion-of gliomas and stem-like glioma cells as well as in vivo models of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) via KRAS inhibition. It also increases resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy in GBM. Although let-7 therapy is not yet established, this review updates the current state of knowledge on the contribution of miRNA let-7 in interaction with KRAS to the oncogenesis of brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Messina
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Steinbuch SC, Lüß AM, Eltrop S, Götte M, Kiesel L. Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: From Molecular Pathologies to Clinical Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4306. [PMID: 38673891 PMCID: PMC11050613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue. Despite being benign, endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Ovarian cancer is rare, but more common in women with endometriosis, particularly endometrioid and clear-cell carcinomas. Factors such as hormonal imbalance, reproductive history, environmental exposures, and genetic predisposition contribute to the malignant transformation of endometriosis. Thus, understanding potential risk factors causing malignancy is crucial. Over the past few decades, various genetic mutations, microRNAs, as well as tumor microenvironmental factors have been identified, impacting pathways like PI3K/AKT/mTOR, DNA repair mechanisms, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Thus, this review aims to summarize molecular studies involved in EAOC pathogenesis as potential therapeutic targets. However, further research is needed to better understand the molecular and environmental factors driving EAOC development, to target the susceptibility of endometriotic lesions to malignant progression, and to identify effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Charlotte Steinbuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Lüß
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Eltrop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Bagheri M, Khansarinejad B, Mondanizadeh M, Azimi M, Alavi S. MiRNAs related in signaling pathways of women's reproductive diseases: an overview. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:414. [PMID: 38472662 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main health issues that can affect women's health is reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis (EMs), uterine leiomyomas (ULs), and ovarian cancer (OC). Although these diseases are very common, we do not have a complete understanding of their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. It is important to mention that the majority of patients are diagnosed with these diseases at later stages because of the absence of early diagnostic techniques and dependable molecular indicators. Hence, it is crucial to discover novel and non-invasive biomarkers that have prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. MiRNAs, also known as microRNAs, are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are short in length, typically consisting of around 22 nucleotides, and are highly conserved across species. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are expressed differently in various diseases and can act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS The author conducted a comprehensive review of all the pertinent papers available in web of science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. RESULTS We achieved three goals: providing readers with better information, enhancing search results, and making peer review easier. CONCLUSIONS This review focuses on the investigation of miRNAs and their involvement in various reproductive disorders in women, including their molecular targets. Additionally, it explores the role of miRNAs in the development and progression of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behzad Khansarinejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Mohadeseh Azimi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shima Alavi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghods Hospital, Arak, Iran
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14
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Jayawickrama SM, Ranaweera PM, Pradeep RGGR, Jayasinghe YA, Senevirathna K, Hilmi AJ, Rajapakse RMG, Kanmodi KK, Jayasinghe RD. Developments and future prospects of personalized medicine in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses and treatments. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2045. [PMID: 38522008 PMCID: PMC10961052 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision healthcare has entered a new era because of the developments in personalized medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This paper explores the dynamic landscape of personalized medicine as applied to HNSCC, encompassing both current developments and future prospects. RECENT FINDINGS The integration of personalized medicine strategies into HNSCC diagnosis is driven by the utilization of genetic data and biomarkers. Epigenetic biomarkers, which reflect modifications to DNA that can influence gene expression, have emerged as valuable indicators for early detection and risk assessment. Treatment approaches within the personalized medicine framework are equally promising. Immunotherapy, gene silencing, and editing techniques, including RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9, offer innovative means to modulate gene expression and correct genetic aberrations driving HNSCC. The integration of stem cell research with personalized medicine presents opportunities for tailored regenerative approaches. The synergy between personalized medicine and technological advancements is exemplified by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications. These tools empower clinicians to analyze vast datasets, predict patient responses, and optimize treatment strategies with unprecedented accuracy. CONCLUSION The developments and prospects of personalized medicine in HNSCC diagnosis and treatment offer a transformative approach to managing this complex malignancy. By harnessing genetic insights, biomarkers, immunotherapy, gene editing, stem cell therapies, and advanced technologies like AI and ML, personalized medicine holds the key to enhancing patient outcomes and ushering in a new era of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kalpani Senevirathna
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
| | | | | | - Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi
- School of DentistryUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
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15
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Guo H, Chen J, Feng Y, Dai Z. A Simple and Robust Exponential Amplification Reaction (EXPAR)-Based Hairpin Template (exp-Hairpin) for Highly Specific, Sensitive, and Universal MicroRNA Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2643-2650. [PMID: 38295438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Specific and sensitive detection of microRNAs continues to encounter significant challenges, especially in the development of rapid and efficient isothermal amplification strategies for point-of-care settings. The exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) has garnered significant attention owing to its simplicity and rapid amplification of signals within a short period. However, a substantial loss of amplification efficiency, difficulty in distinguishing closely related homologous sequences, and adapting the designed templates to other targets seriously hamper the practical application of the EXPAR. In this work, a hairpin template tailored for the EXPAR system (exp-Hairpin) was constructed by adding identical trigger sequences and enzyme cleavage sites on two arms of the hairpin, achieving theoretically more than 2n amplification efficiency and minimal background amplification of EXPAR. Modulating the stability of the exp-Hairpin template by increasing the stem length, the specificity of detecting target miRNA in highly homologous sequences could be significantly improved. Using miRNA let-7a as a target model, the exp-Hairpin with 8 bp stem length for EXPAR amplification curves could effectively distinguish target let-7a and nontarget let-7b/7c/7f/7g/7i homologous sequences. This strategy enabled the sensitive and accurate analysis of let-7a in diluted human serum with satisfactory recoveries. By simply replacing the loop recognition sequence of exp-Hairpin, the specific detection of miR-200b was also achieved, demonstrating the universality of this strategy. The exp-Hairpin EXPAR accelerates simple and rapid molecular diagnostic applications for short nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yaqiang Feng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Zong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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16
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Li G, Wakao S, Kitada M, Dezawa M. Tumor suppressor let-7 acts as a key regulator for pluripotency gene expression in Muse cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:54. [PMID: 38261036 PMCID: PMC10805825 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the expression of an RNA-binding pluripotency-relevant protein, LIN28, and the absence of its antagonist, the tumor-suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7, play a key role in maintaining pluripotency. Muse cells are non-tumorigenic pluripotent-like stem cells residing in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues as pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3(+). They express pluripotency genes, differentiate into triploblastic-lineage cells, and self-renew at the single cell level. Muse cells do not express LIN28 but do express let-7 at higher levels than in iPSCs. In Muse cells, we demonstrated that let-7 inhibited the PI3K-AKT pathway, leading to sustainable expression of the key pluripotency regulator KLF4 as well as its downstream genes, POU5F1, SOX2, and NANOG. Let-7 also suppressed proliferation and glycolysis by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT pathway, suggesting its involvement in non-tumorigenicity. Furthermore, the MEK/ERK pathway is not controlled by let-7 and may have a pivotal role in maintaining self-renewal and suppression of senescence. The system found in Muse cells, in which the tumor suppressor let-7, but not LIN28, tunes the expression of pluripotency genes, might be a rational cell system conferring both pluripotency-like properties and a low risk for tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan.
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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17
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Subramanian M, Mills WT, Paranjpe MD, Onuchukwu US, Inamdar M, Maytin AR, Li X, Pomerantz JL, Meffert MK. Growth-suppressor microRNAs mediate synaptic overgrowth and behavioral deficits in Fragile X mental retardation protein deficiency. iScience 2024; 27:108676. [PMID: 38235335 PMCID: PMC10792201 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal neuronal and synapse growth is a core pathology resulting from deficiency of the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), but molecular links underlying the excessive synthesis of key synaptic proteins remain incompletely defined. We find that basal brain levels of the growth suppressor let-7 microRNA (miRNA) family are selectively lowered in FMRP-deficient mice and activity-dependent let-7 downregulation is abrogated. Primary let-7 miRNA transcripts are not altered in FMRP-deficiency and posttranscriptional misregulation occurs downstream of MAPK pathway induction and elevation of Lin28a, a let-7 biogenesis inhibitor. Neonatal restoration of brain let-7 miRNAs corrects hallmarks of FMRP-deficiency, including dendritic spine overgrowth and social and cognitive behavioral deficits, in adult mice. Blockade of MAPK hyperactivation normalizes let-7 miRNA levels in both brain and peripheral blood plasma from Fmr1 KO mice. These results implicate dysregulated let-7 miRNA biogenesis in the pathogenesis of FMRP-deficiency, and highlight let-7 miRNA-based strategies for future biomarker and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Subramanian
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - William T. Mills
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Manish D. Paranjpe
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Uche S. Onuchukwu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Manasi Inamdar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amanda R. Maytin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xinbei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joel L. Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mollie K. Meffert
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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18
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Alshahrani SH, Yuliastanti T, Al-Dolaimy F, Korotkova NL, Rasulova I, Almuala AF, Alsaalamy A, Ali SHJ, Alasheqi MQ, Mustafa YF. A glimpse into let-7e roles in human disorders; friend or foe? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154992. [PMID: 38103367 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to abnormal expression and regulation in a number of diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have concentrated on miRNA Let-7e's significance in precision medicine for cancer screening and diagnosis as well as its prognostic and therapeutic potential. Differential let-7e levels in bodily fluids have the possibility to enable early detection of cancer utilizing less-invasive techniques, reducing biopsy-related risks. Although Let-7e miRNAs have been described as tumor suppressors, it is crucial to note that there exists proof to support their oncogenic activity in vitro and in in vivo. Let-7e's significance in chemo- and radiation treatment decisions has also been demonstrated. Let-7e can also prevent the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in a number of degenerative disorders, including musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. For the first time, an overview of the significance of let-7e in the prevention, detection, and therapy of cancer and other conditions has been given in the current review. Additionally, we focused on the specific molecular processes that underlie the actions of let-7e, more particularly, on malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadezhda L Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abbas Firras Almuala
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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19
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Min KW, Jo MH, Song M, Lee JW, Shim MJ, Kim K, Park HB, Ha S, Mun H, Polash A, Hafner M, Cho JH, Kim D, Jeong JH, Ko S, Hohng S, Kang SU, Yoon JH. Mature microRNA-binding protein QKI promotes microRNA-mediated gene silencing. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-15. [PMID: 38372062 PMCID: PMC10878027 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2314846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Argonaute (AGO) proteins have been the focus of microRNA (miRNA) studies, we observed AGO-free mature miRNAs directly interacting with RNA-binding proteins, implying the sophisticated nature of fine-tuning gene regulation by miRNAs. To investigate microRNA-binding proteins (miRBPs) globally, we analyzed PAR-CLIP data sets to identify RBP quaking (QKI) as a novel miRBP for let-7b. Potential existence of AGO-free miRNAs were further verified by measuring miRNA levels in genetically engineered AGO-depleted human and mouse cells. We have shown that QKI regulates miRNA-mediated gene silencing at multiple steps, and collectively serves as an auxiliary factor empowering AGO2/let-7b-mediated gene silencing. Depletion of QKI decreases interaction of AGO2 with let-7b and target mRNA, consequently controlling target mRNA decay. This finding indicates that QKI is a complementary factor in miRNA-mediated mRNA decay. QKI, however, also suppresses the dissociation of let-7b from AGO2, and slows the assembly of AGO2/miRNA/target mRNA complexes at the single-molecule level. We also revealed that QKI overexpression suppresses cMYC expression at post-transcriptional level, and decreases proliferation and migration of HeLa cells, demonstrating that QKI is a tumour suppressor gene by in part augmenting let-7b activity. Our data show that QKI is a new type of RBP implicated in the versatile regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Won Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Jo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Shim
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Bong Park
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinwon Ha
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Hyejin Mun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Ahsan Polash
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Dongsan Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ji-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungbeom Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sungchul Hohng
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ung Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
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20
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Maklad A, Sedeeq M, Chan KM, Gueven N, Azimi I. Exploring Lin28 proteins: Unravelling structure and functions with emphasis on nervous system malignancies. Life Sci 2023; 335:122275. [PMID: 37984514 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and stem cells share many characteristics related to self-renewal and differentiation. Both cell types express the same critical proteins that govern cellular stemness, which provide cancer cells with the growth and survival benefits of stem cells. LIN28 is an example of one such protein. LIN28 includes two main isoforms, LIN28A and LIN28B, with diverse physiological functions from tissue development to control of pluripotency. In addition to their physiological roles, LIN28A and LIN28B affect the progression of several cancers by regulating multiple cancer hallmarks. Altered expression levels of LIN28A and LIN28B have been proposed as diagnostic and/or prognostic markers for various malignancies. This review discusses the structure and modes of action of the different LIN28 proteins and examines their roles in regulating cancer hallmarks with a focus on malignancies of the nervous system. This review also highlights some gaps in the field that require further exploration to assess the potential of targeting LIN28 proteins for controlling cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Maklad
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mohammed Sedeeq
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kai Man Chan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Tasmania, Australia; Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Yang S, Gao J, Chen M, Sun Y, Qiao X, Mao H, Guo L, Yu Y, Yang D. Let-7a promotes periodontal bone regeneration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell aggregates via the Fas/FasL-autophagy pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:4056-4068. [PMID: 37855249 PMCID: PMC10746947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bone regeneration using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) transplantation is a promising method; however, the method for osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs needs to be improved. In this research, we sought to identify the roles of let-7a in the osteogenesis of BMMSCs and to provide a potential method for periodontal bone regeneration. Our previous study revealed that Fas/FasL is a target of let-7a. In this study, we demonstrated that let-7a overexpression significantly enhanced BMMSC-CAs osteogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, upregulation of Fas/FasL using the rfas/rfaslg plasmid obstructed the osteogenesis of BMMSCs by inhibiting autophagy. Furthermore, we confirmed that overexpression of let-7a activated autophagy and alleviated the inhibited osteogenesis by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and the rfas/rfaslg plasmid of BMMSCs. In general, our findings showed that let-7a promoted the osteogenesis of BMMSCs through the Fas/FasL-autophagy pathway, suggesting that the application of let-7a in BMMSC-CAs based periodontal bone regeneration could be a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Yang
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDaping Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
| | - Hongchen Mao
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Li Guo
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
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22
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Corallo D, Dalla Vecchia M, Lazic D, Taschner-Mandl S, Biffi A, Aveic S. The molecular basis of tumor metastasis and current approaches to decode targeted migration-promoting events in pediatric neuroblastoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115696. [PMID: 37481138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Cell motility is a crucial biological process that plays a critical role in the development of multicellular organisms and is essential for tissue formation and regeneration. However, uncontrolled cell motility can lead to the development of various diseases, including neoplasms. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the discovery of regulatory mechanisms underlying the metastatic spread of neuroblastoma, a solid pediatric tumor that originates in the embryonic migratory cells of the neural crest. The highly motile phenotype of metastatic neuroblastoma cells requires targeting of intracellular and extracellular processes, that, if affected, would be helpful for the treatment of high-risk patients with neuroblastoma, for whom current therapies remain inadequate. Development of new potentially migration-inhibiting compounds and standardized preclinical approaches for the selection of anti-metastatic drugs in neuroblastoma will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Corallo
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Dalla Vecchia
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Daria Lazic
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, CCRI, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Taschner-Mandl
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, CCRI, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Woman's and Child Health Department, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy.
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23
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He R, He Y, Du R, Liu C, Chen Z, Zeng A, Song L. Revisiting of TAMs in tumor immune microenvironment: Insight from NF-κB signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115090. [PMID: 37390708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of tumor immune microenvironment and play a dual role in promoting tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity. Therefore, regulating TAMs has become a promising method in cancer immunotherapy. NF- κB pathway is the key regulatory pathway of TAMs. Targeting this pathway has shown the potential to improve tumor immune microenvironment. At present, there are still some controversies and the idea of combined therapy in this field. This article reviews the progress in the field of immunotherapy in improving tumor immune microenvironment by exploring the mechanism of regulating TAMs (including promoting M1 polarization, inhibiting M2 polarization and regulating TAMs infiltration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Yan He
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Ran Du
- College of Education and Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Chenxin Liu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Zeran Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
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24
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Ibrahim S, Yang C, Yue C, Song X, Deng Y, Li Q, Lü W. Whole Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Global Molecular Responses of mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNAs, and Their ceRNA Networks to Salinity Stress in Hong Kong Oysters, Crassostrea hongkongensis. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:624-641. [PMID: 37493868 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis, is an estuarine bivalve with remarkable commercial value in South China, and the increase of salinity in estuaries during the dry season has posed a major threat to the oyster farming. To explore the global transcriptional response to salinity stress, a whole-transcriptome analysis was performed with the gills of oysters in 6‰, 18‰, and 30‰ filtered seawater. Overall, 2243, 194, 371, and 167 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs), differentially expressed circular RNAs (DEcircRNAs), and differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified, respectively. Based on GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis, these important DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs, DEcircRNAs, and DEmiRNAs were predicted to be mainly involved in amino acids metabolism, microtubule movement, and immune defense. This demonstrated the complexity of dynamic transcriptomic profiles of C. hongkongensis in response to salinity fluctuation. The regulatory relationships of DEmiRNAs-DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs-DEmiRNAs, and DEcircRNAs-DEmiRNAs were also predicted, and finally, a circRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, consisting of six DEcircRNAs, eight DEmiRNAs, and five DEmRNAs. The key roles of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism were highlighted in this ceRNA network, which was consistent with the major contribution of free amino acids to intracellular osmolality and cell volume regulation. Collectively, this study provides comprehensive data, contributing to the exploration of coding and non-coding RNAs in C. hongkongensis salinity response. The results would benefit the understanding of the response mechanism of bivalves against salinity fluctuation, and provide clues for genetic improvement of C. hongkongensis with hyper-salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salifu Ibrahim
- Guangdong Marine Invertebrates Science and Technology Innovation Center, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Chuangye Yang
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Chenyang Yue
- Guangdong Marine Invertebrates Science and Technology Innovation Center, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Xinyu Song
- Guangdong Marine Invertebrates Science and Technology Innovation Center, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wengang Lü
- Guangdong Marine Invertebrates Science and Technology Innovation Center, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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25
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Infante-Menéndez J, López-Pastor AR, González-Illanes T, González-López P, Huertas-Lárez R, Rey E, González-Rodríguez Á, García-Monzón C, Patil NP, de Céniga MV, Baker AB, Gómez-Hernández A, Escribano O. Increased let-7d-5p in non-alcoholic fatty liver promotes insulin resistance and is a potential blood biomarker for diagnosis. Liver Int 2023; 43:1714-1728. [PMID: 37057737 PMCID: PMC10523911 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The molecular mechanisms driving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are poorly understood; however, microRNAs might play a key role in these processes. We hypothesize that let-7d-5p could contribute to the pathophysiology of NAFLD and serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker. METHODS We evaluated let-7d-5p levels and its targets in liver biopsies from a cross-sectional study including patients with NAFLD and healthy donors, and from a mouse model of NAFLD. Moreover, the induction of let-7d-5p expression by fatty acids was evaluated in vitro. Further, we overexpressed let-7d-5p in vitro to corroborate the results observed in vivo. Circulating let-7d-5p and its potential as a NAFLD biomarker was determined in isolated extracellular vesicles from human plasma by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that hepatic let-7d-5p was significantly up-regulated in patients with steatosis, and this increase correlated with obesity and a decreased expression of AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), IGF-I receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (INSR). These alterations were corroborated in a NAFLD mouse model. In vitro, fatty acids increased let-7d-5p expression, and its overexpression decreased AKT, IGF-IR and IR protein expression. Furthermore, let-7d-5p hindered AKT phosphorylation in vitro after insulin stimulation. Finally, circulating let-7d-5p significantly decreased in steatosis patients and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses confirmed its utility as a diagnostic biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the emerging role of let-7d-5p as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD since its overexpression impairs hepatic insulin signalling, and also, as a novel non-invasive biomarker for NAFLD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Infante-Menéndez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea R. López-Pastor
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara González-Illanes
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula González-López
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Huertas-Lárez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Rey
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikita P. Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Melina Vega de Céniga
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aaron B. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Escribano
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
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26
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Li Q, Lu J, Yin X, Chang Y, Wang C, Yan M, Feng L, Cheng Y, Gao Y, Xu B, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cui G, Xu L, Sun Y, Zeng R, Li Y, Jing N, Xu GL, Wu L, Tang F, Li J. Base editing-mediated one-step inactivation of the Dnmt gene family reveals critical roles of DNA methylation during mouse gastrulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2922. [PMID: 37217538 PMCID: PMC10203112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryo development, DNA methylation is established by DNMT3A/3B and subsequently maintained by DNMT1. While much research has been done in this field, the functional significance of DNA methylation in embryogenesis remains unknown. Here, we establish a system of simultaneous inactivation of multiple endogenous genes in zygotes through screening for base editors that can efficiently introduce a stop codon. Embryos with mutations in Dnmts and/or Tets can be generated in one step with IMGZ. Dnmt-null embryos display gastrulation failure at E7.5. Interestingly, although DNA methylation is absent, gastrulation-related pathways are down-regulated in Dnmt-null embryos. Moreover, DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are critical for gastrulation, and their functions are independent of TET proteins. Hypermethylation can be sustained by either DNMT1 or DNMT3A/3B at some promoters, which are related to the suppression of miRNAs. The introduction of a single mutant allele of six miRNAs and paternal IG-DMR partially restores primitive streak elongation in Dnmt-null embryos. Thus, our results unveil an epigenetic correlation between promoter methylation and suppression of miRNA expression for gastrulation and demonstrate that IMGZ can accelerate deciphering the functions of multiple genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansen Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xidi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Yan
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Feng
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Beiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidi Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Naihe Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ligang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fuchou Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China.
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27
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Wang W, Zhang F, Guo K, Xu J, Zhao P, Xia Q. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of the let-7 seed sequence improves silk yield in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124793. [PMID: 37182624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Body size and silk protein synthesis ability are two crucial aspects of artificial selection in silkworm breeding; however, the role of genes in both pathways remains unknown. To determine whether let-7 microRNA could regulate larval development and silk gland growth simultaneously, we designed a guide RNA to edit let-7 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The indels predominantly appeared in the let-7 seed region, and the vast majority of the mutations were small-fragment deletions. Loss of let-7 function prolonged the fifth larval period, and substantially increased body weight during the wandering stage, but it resulted in developmental arrest during the pupal-moth transition. let-7 systemic knock down promoted silk gland growth and increased silk yield by >50 %, with efficiency significantly higher than in tissue-specific edited individuals. Hormone signaling and cell cycle pathway genes were activated in different patterns in the body and silk gland, implying that let-7 may regulate different target genes to play role in tissue growth. In summary, we first report that conditional knock down let-7 promoting the simultaneous growth of body and silk gland, greatly improve silk yield in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Kaiyu Guo
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, PR China.
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28
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Egea V, Megens RTA, Santovito D, Wantha S, Brandl R, Siess W, Khani S, Soehnlein O, Bartelt A, Weber C, Ries C. Properties and fate of human mesenchymal stem cells upon miRNA let-7f-promoted recruitment to atherosclerotic plaques. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:155-166. [PMID: 35238350 PMCID: PMC10022860 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries leading to the formation of atheromatous plaques. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are recruited from the circulation into plaques where in response to their environment they adopt a phenotype with immunomodulatory properties. However, the mechanisms underlying hMSC function in these processes are unclear. Recently, we described that miRNA let-7f controls hMSC invasion guided by inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Here, we investigated the role of let-7f in hMSC tropism to human atheromas and the effects of the plaque microenvironment on cell fate and release of soluble factors. METHODS AND RESULTS Incubation of hMSCs with LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide abundantly found in plaques, increased biosynthesis of let-7f and N-formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), enabling chemotactic invasion of the cells towards LL-37, as determined by qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and cell invasion assay analysis. In an Apoe-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis, circulating hMSCs preferentially adhered to athero-prone endothelium. This property was facilitated by elevated levels of let-7f in the hMSCs, as assayed by ex vivo artery perfusion and two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Exposure of hMSCs to homogenized human atheromatous plaque material considerably induced the production of various cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, as studied by PCR array and western blot analysis. Moreover, exposure to human plaque extracts elicited differentiation of hMSCs into cells of the myogenic lineage, suggesting a potentially plaque-stabilizing effect. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that let-7f promotes hMSC tropism towards atheromas through the LL-37/FPR2 axis and demonstrate that hMSCs upon contact with human plaque environment develop a potentially athero-protective signature impacting the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Egea
- Corresponding authors. Tel: +49-89-4400-55310, E-mail: (C.R.); Tel: +49-89-4400-43902, E-mail: (V.E.)
| | - Remco Theodorus Adrianus Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), UoS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Sarawuth Wantha
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Brandl
- St. Mary’s Square Institute for Vascular Surgery and Phlebology, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Siess
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sajjad Khani
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Alexander Bartelt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Ries
- Corresponding authors. Tel: +49-89-4400-55310, E-mail: (C.R.); Tel: +49-89-4400-43902, E-mail: (V.E.)
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29
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Gao Y, Cao H, Huang D, Zheng L, Nie Z, Zhang S. RNA-Binding Proteins in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041150. [PMID: 36831493 PMCID: PMC9953953 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of transcription and translation, with highly dynamic spatio-temporal regulation. They are usually involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, polyadenylation, and mRNA stability and mediate processes such as mRNA localization and translation, thereby affecting the RNA life cycle and causing the production of abnormal protein phenotypes that lead to tumorigenesis and development. Accumulating evidence supports that RBPs play critical roles in vital life processes, such as bladder cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Uncovering the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in bladder cancer is aimed at addressing the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer and finding new therapies for cancer treatment. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of several RBPs on bladder cancer and summarizes the different types of RBPs involved in the progression of bladder cancer and the potential molecular mechanisms by which they are regulated, with a view to providing information for basic and clinical researchers.
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Anfimova PA, Pankrasheva LG, Moiseev KY, Shirina ES, Porseva VV, Masliukov PM. Ontogenetic Changes in the Expression of the Lin28 Protein in the Rat Hypothalamic Tuberal Nuclei. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13468. [PMID: 36362250 PMCID: PMC9658212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a primary regulator of homeostasis, biological rhythms and adaptation to different environment factors. It also participates in the aging regulation. The expression of neurons containing Lin28 was studied by immunohistochemistry in male rats aged 2, 6, 12, and 24 months in the tuberal region of the rat hypothalamus. We have shown for the first time the presence of Lin28-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the ventromedial nucleus (VMH) and their absence in the dorsomedial and arcuate nuclei in all studied animals. With aging, the percentage of Lin28-IR neurons increases from 37 ± 4.7 in 2-month-old rat until 76 ± 4.6 in 6-month-old and further decreases to 41 ± 7.3 in 12-month-old rat and 28 ± 5.5 in 24-month-old rats. Many VMH Lin28-IR neurons colocalized components of insulin signaling including mTOR, Raptor, PI3K and Akt. The percentage of Lin28/Akt-IR neurons was maximal in 6-month-old and 1-year-old rats compared to 2-month-old and 2-year-old animals. The proportion of Lin28/PI3K-IR neurons significantly increased from 77 ± 1.2 in 2-month-old rat until 99 ± 0.3 in 24-month-old rats and 96-99% of Lin28-IR neurons colocalized mTOR and mTORC1 component Raptor without statistically significant differences in all studied age groups. Thus, Lin28 expresses only in the VMH neurons of the tuberal nuclei of the hypothalamus and the Lin 28 expression changes during the development together with the components of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Petr M. Masliukov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Yaroslavl State Medical University, ul. Revoliucionnaya 5, 150000 Yaroslavl, Russia
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Khan M, Lin J, Wang B, Chen C, Huang Z, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Bu J. A novel necroptosis-related gene index for predicting prognosis and a cold tumor immune microenvironment in stomach adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968165. [PMID: 36389725 PMCID: PMC9646549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) represents a major global clinical problem with very limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Necroptosis, a recently discovered inflammatory form of cell death, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and inducing necroptosis has also been considered as a therapeutic strategy. Objective We aim to evaluate the role of this pathway in gastric cancer development, prognosis and immune aspects of its tumor microenvironment. Methods and results In this study, we evaluated the gene expression of 55 necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) that were identified via carrying out a comprehensive review of the medical literature. Necroptosis pathway was deregulated in gastric cancer samples (n=375) as compared to adjacent normal tissues (n=32) obtained from the “The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)”. Based on the expression of these NRGs, two molecular subtypes were obtained through consensus clustering that also showed significant prognostic difference. Differentially expressed genes between these two clusters were retrieved and subjected to prognostic evaluation via univariate cox regression analysis and LASSO cox regression analysis. A 13-gene risk signature, termed as necroptosis-related genes prognostic index (NRGPI), was constructed that comprehensively differentiated the gastric cancer patients into high- and low-risk subgroups. The prognostic significance of NRGPI was validated in the GEO cohort (GSE84437: n=408). The NRGPI-high subgroup was characterized by upregulation of 10 genes (CYTL1, PLCL1, CGB5, CNTN1, GRP, APOD, CST6, GPX3, FCN1, SERPINE1) and downregulation of 3 genes (EFNA3, E2F2, SOX14). Further dissection of these two risk groups by differential gene expression analysis indicated involvement of signaling pathways associated with cancer cell progression and immune suppression such as WNT and TGF-β signaling pathway. Para-inflammation and type-II interferon pathways were activated in NRGPI-high patients with an increased infiltration of Tregs and M2 macrophage indicating an exhausted immune phenotype of the tumor microenvironment. These molecular characteristics were mainly driven by the eight NRGPI oncogenes (CYTL1, PLCL1, CNTN1, GRP, APOD, GPX3, FCN1, SERPINE1) as validated in the gastric cancer cell lines and clinical samples. NRGPI-high patients showed sensitivity to a number of targeted agents, in particular, the tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Conclusions Necroptosis appears to play a critical role in the development of gastric cancer, prognosis and shaping of its tumor immune microenvironment. NRGPI can be used as a promising prognostic biomarker to identify gastric cancer patients with a cold tumor immune microenvironment and poor prognosis who may response to selected molecular targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khan
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junguo Bu, ; Yawei Yuan,
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junguo Bu, ; Yawei Yuan,
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Wei L, Yang X, Gao L, Liang Z, Yu H, Zhang N, Li Y. Comparison of miRNA landscapes between the human oocytes with or without arrested development. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:2227-2237. [PMID: 36129629 PMCID: PMC9596657 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE By exploring the role of miRNAs in human oocyte development, the study was conducted to investigate the epigenetic mechanism contributing to the arrest of oocyte development. METHODS In total, 140 oocytes from 22 patients were collected in the developmentally arrested oocyte (DAO) group, whereas 420 oocytes from 164 patients were harvested in the control group. The pooled RNA was extracted from all 20 oocytes to establish a RNA library. The total RNA of every ten oocytes was extracted for qPCR validation of miRNA candidates. Bioinformatic software was applied to explore the miRNA candidates and their target genes. RESULTS Generally, the expression levels of miRNAs altered slightly during normal oocyte development but changed dramatically in the DAOs. Among the top 10 differential miRNAs, let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p, which were abundantly expressed throughout the oocyte development stages, had the broadest biological impact on oogenesis. Validated by qRT-PCR, both miRNAs were profoundly suppressed in the DAOs. During normal oocyte development, the expression levels of let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p at the GV stage were significantly higher than at MI and MII stages. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p might regulate oocyte development by targeting PI3K-Akt, P53, cell cycle, and FoxO signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS There are dramatic differences in miRNA landscapes between the human oocytes with or without development arrest. In addition, the suppression of let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p might be associated with the occurrence of development arrest. The findings could provide therapeutic targets to correct the arrest of oocyte development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wei
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic, Development and Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzhi Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongkun Liang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningfeng Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Bozgeyik E, Bozgeyik İ. Non-coding RNA variations in oral cancers: a comprehensive review. Gene 2022; 851:147012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yang A, Bofill-De Ros X, Stanton R, Shao TJ, Villanueva P, Gu S. TENT2, TUT4, and TUT7 selectively regulate miRNA sequence and abundance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5260. [PMID: 36071058 PMCID: PMC9452540 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TENTs generate miRNA isoforms by 3' tailing. However, little is known about how tailing regulates miRNA function. Here, we generate isogenic HEK293T cell lines in which TENT2, TUT4 and TUT7 are knocked out individually or in combination. Together with rescue experiments, we characterize TENT-specific effects by deep sequencing, Northern blot and in vitro assays. We find that 3' tailing is not random but highly specific. In addition to its known adenylation, TENT2 contributes to guanylation and uridylation on mature miRNAs. TUT4 uridylates most miRNAs whereas TUT7 is dispensable. Removing adenylation has a marginal impact on miRNA levels. By contrast, abolishing uridylation leads to dysregulation of a set of miRNAs. Besides let-7, miR-181b and miR-222 are negatively regulated by TUT4/7 via distinct mechanisms while the miR-888 cluster is upregulated specifically by TUT7. Our results uncover the selective actions of TENTs in generating 3' isomiRs and pave the way to investigate their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acong Yang
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Xavier Bofill-De Ros
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ryan Stanton
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Tie-Juan Shao
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Patricia Villanueva
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Shuo Gu
- RNA Mediated Gene Regulation Section; RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Atukeren P. Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Prognosis. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress describes the state of a cell where there is an imbalance
between free radical formation and antioxidants due to either excess formation of
reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inadequate antioxidant defence. It is very well known
that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various diseases
through impaired intracellular redox homeostasis. To evaluate and imply the excess
production of ROS, various biomarkers are used and suggested, yet it is also known
that there is a lack of standardization and validation for these methods. It is almost very
difficult to measure ROS directly because of their short half-life, yet it is still possible
with a suitable technique. The most frequently used biomarkers are represented by
oxidized macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are
modified via ROS, and also the amounts or activities of antioxidant molecules and
enzymes, respectively. There are also various genetic biomarkers measuring the
susceptibility of modification due to oxidative stress. However, the preferred biomarker
would be dependent on the aim of the study and the clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Atukeren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-
Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Parayath NN, Gandham SK, Amiji MM. Tumor-targeted miRNA nanomedicine for overcoming challenges in immunity and therapeutic resistance. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1355-1373. [PMID: 36255330 PMCID: PMC9706370 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA are critical messengers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that influence various processes leading to immune suppression, tumor progression, metastasis and resistance. Strategies to modulate miRNAs in the TME have important implications in overcoming these challenges. However, miR delivery to specific cells in the TME has been challenging. This review discusses nanomedicine strategies to achieve cell-specific delivery of miRNAs. The key goal of delivery is to activate the tumor immune landscape as well as to prevent chemotherapy resistance. Specifically, the use of hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticle miRNA delivery to the TME is discussed. The discussion is focused on miRNA-125b for reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages to overcome immunosuppression and miRNA-let-7b to overcome resistance to anticancer chemotherapeutics because both these miRNAs have been extensively evaluated for delivery with hyaluronic acid-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha N Parayath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Srujan K Gandham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 617 373 3137;
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Drakopoulou E, Anagnou NP, Pappa KI. Gene Therapy for Malignant and Benign Gynaecological Disorders: A Systematic Review of an Emerging Success Story. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133238. [PMID: 35805007 PMCID: PMC9265289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review discusses all the major advances in gene therapy of gynaecological disorders, highlighting the novel and potentially therapeutic perspectives associated with such an approach. It specifically focuses on the gene therapy strategies against major gynaecological malignant disorders, such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer, as well as benign disorders, such as uterine leiomyomas, endometriosis, placental, and embryo implantation disorders. The above therapeutic strategies, which employ both viral and non-viral systems for mutation compensation, suicide gene therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, antiangiogenesis and immunopotentiation approaches, have yielded promising results over the last decade, setting the grounds for successful clinical trials. Abstract Despite the major advances in screening and therapeutic approaches, gynaecological malignancies still present as a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Cervical cancer, although largely preventable through vaccination and regular screening, remains the fourth most common and most lethal cancer type in women, while the available treatment schemes still pose a fertility threat. Ovarian cancer is associated with high morbidity rates, primarily due to lack of symptoms and high relapse rates following treatment, whereas endometrial cancer, although usually curable by surgery, it still represents a therapeutic problem. On the other hand, benign abnormalities, such as fibroids, endometriosis, placental, and embryo implantation disorders, although not life-threatening, significantly affect women’s life and fertility and have high socio-economic impacts. In the last decade, targeted gene therapy approaches toward both malignant and benign gynaecological abnormalities have led to promising results, setting the ground for successful clinical trials. The above therapeutic strategies employ both viral and non-viral systems for mutation compensation, suicide gene therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, antiangiogenesis and immunopotentiation. This review discusses all the major advances in gene therapy of gynaecological disorders and highlights the novel and potentially therapeutic perspectives associated with such an approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekati Drakopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Nicholas P. Anagnou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (K.I.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kalliopi I. Pappa
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.D.); (K.I.P.)
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Stieg DC, Wang Y, Liu LZ, Jiang BH. ROS and miRNA Dysregulation in Ovarian Cancer Development, Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126702. [PMID: 35743145 PMCID: PMC9223852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse repertoires of cellular mechanisms that progress certain cancer types are being uncovered by recent research and leading to more effective treatment options. Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the most difficult cancers to treat. OC has limited treatment options, especially for patients diagnosed with late-stage OC. The dysregulation of miRNAs in OC plays a significant role in tumorigenesis through the alteration of a multitude of molecular processes. The development of OC can also be due to the utilization of endogenously derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Both miRNAs and ROS are involved in regulating OC angiogenesis through mediating multiple angiogenic factors such as hypoxia-induced factor (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The NAPDH oxidase subunit NOX4 plays an important role in inducing endogenous ROS production in OC. This review will discuss several important miRNAs, NOX4, and ROS, which contribute to therapeutic resistance in OC, highlighting the effective therapeutic potential of OC through these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Stieg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (D.C.S.); (L.-Z.L.)
| | - Yifang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (D.C.S.); (L.-Z.L.)
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Adipose-derived exosomes block muscular stem cell proliferation in aged mouse by delivering miRNA Let-7d-3p that targets transcription factor HMGA2. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102098. [PMID: 35679898 PMCID: PMC9257422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging-associated attenuation of muscular volume and strength and is the major cause of frailty and falls in elderly individuals. The number of individuals with sarcopenia is rapidly increasing worldwide; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of the disease. Sarcopenia often copresents with obesity, and some patients with sarcopenia exhibit accumulation of peri-organ or intra-organ adipose tissue as ectopic fat deposition, including atrophied skeletal muscle. In this study, we showed that transplantation of the perimuscular adipose tissue (PMAT) to the hindlimb thigh muscles of young mice decreased the number of integrin α7/CD29-double positive muscular stem/progenitor cells and that the reaction was mediated by PMAT-derived exosomes. We also found that the inhibition of cell proliferation was induced by Let-7d-3p miRNA that targets HMGA2, which is an important transcription factor for stem cell self-renewal, in muscular stem/progenitor cells and the composite molecular reaction in aged adipocytes. Reduction of Let-7 miRNA repressor Lin28 A/B and activation of nuclear factor-kappa B signaling can lead to the accumulation of Let-7d-3p in the exosomes of aged PMAT. These findings suggest a novel crosstalk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in the development of aging-associated muscular atrophy and indicate that adipose tissue–derived miRNAs may play a key role in sarcopenia.
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Xie Y, Ning S, Hu J. Molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1813-1823. [PMID: 35633416 PMCID: PMC9189092 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Rapid evolution of the therapeutic management of prostate cancer, especially in in second-generation androgen inhibitors, has increased the opportunity of transformation from prostate cancer (PCa) to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). NEPC still lacks effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Researches into the molecular characteristics of neuroendocrine differentiation is undoubtedly crucial to the discovery of new target genes for accurate diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Purpose In this review, we focus on the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms that have contributed to the transformation in the progression of PCa and discuss the potential targeted molecule that might improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness. Methods The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. Conclusion Several molecular characteristics influence the progression of neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer which will provide a novel sight for accurate diagnosis and target therapeutic intervention for patients with NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Xie
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Songyi Ning
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jianpeng Hu
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
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Fu Y, Wang Y, Huang Q, Zhao C, Li X, Kan Y, Li D. Long Noncoding RNA lncR17454 Regulates Metamorphosis of Silkworm Through let-7 miRNA Cluster. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:12. [PMID: 35640247 PMCID: PMC9155153 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in silkworm, but little is known about their functions. Recent study showed that the let-7 miRNA cluster (contains let-7, miR-2795, and miR-100) was transcribed from the last exon of lncRNA lncR17454 in silkworm. To investigate the functional role of lncR17454, dsRNAs of lncR17454 were injected into the hemolymph of 1-d-old third-instar larvae of Bombyx mori, repression of lncR17454 led to molting arrestment during the larval-larval and larval-pupal transition of silkworm, which was consistent to the result as let-7 knockdown in other studies. The expression level of mature let-7, miR-100, and miR-2795 decreased 40%, 36%, and 40%, respectively, while the mRNA level of two predicted target genes of let-7, the Broad Complex isoform 2 (BR-C-Z2) and the BTB-Zinc finger transcription repression factor gene Abrupt (Ab), increased significantly after lncR17454 knockdown. In contrast, when adding the 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) to silkworm BmN4 cell lines, the expression level of lncR17454 and let-7 cluster all increased significantly, but the expression of Abrupt, the predicted target gene of let-7, was repressed. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed Abrupt was the real target of let-7. Here we found that the lncRNA lncR17454 can play regulator roles in the metamorphosis of silkworm through let-7 miRNA cluster and the ecdysone signaling pathway, which will provide new clues for lepidopteran pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qunxia Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, 1638 Wolong Road, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Chenyue Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, 1638 Wolong Road, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Xinmei Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, 1638 Wolong Road, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
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Sbirkov Y, Vergov B, Mehterov N, Sarafian V. miRNAs in Lymphocytic Leukaemias-The miRror of Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094657. [PMID: 35563051 PMCID: PMC9103677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory disease and relapse remain the main causes of cancer therapy failure. Refined risk stratification, treatment regimens and improved early diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease have increased cure rates in malignancies like childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) to 90%. Nevertheless, overall survival in the context of drug resistance remains poor. The regulatory role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in cell differentiation, homeostasis and tumorigenesis has been under extensive investigation in different cancers. There is accumulating data demonstrating the significance of miRNAs for therapy outcomes in lymphoid malignancies and some direct demonstrations of the interplay between these small molecules and drug response. Here, we summarise miRNAs' impact on chemotherapy resistance in adult and paediatric ALL and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The main focus of this review is on the modulation of particular signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT, transcription factors such as NF-κB, and apoptotic mediators, all of which are bona fide and pivotal elements orchestrating the survival of malignant lymphocytic cells. Finally, we discuss the attractive strategy of using mimics, antimiRs and other molecular approaches pointing at miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. Such novel strategies to circumvent ALL and CLL resistance networks may potentially improve patients' responses and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Sbirkov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Bozhidar Vergov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
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Tsai YS, Huang CI, Tsai PC, Yeh ML, Huang CF, Hsieh MH, Liu TW, Lin YH, Liang PC, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Dai CY, Yu ML. Circulating Let-7 Family Members as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk after Antiviral Treatment among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2023. [PMID: 35454929 PMCID: PMC9030777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HCC, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, is diagnosed at advanced stages. Although antiviral therapy has reduced the risk of HCC among chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, the risk of HCC remains, thus, highlighting the unmet need for continuous surveillance. Therefore, stable and cost-effective biomarkers, such as circulating microRNAs, must be identified. We aimed to clarify whether serum levels of the Let-7 family can predict HCC risk in patients with CHC using univariate and multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards model. We analyzed the sera of 54 patients with CHC who developed HCC after antiviral therapy and compared the data with those of 173 patients without HCC development. The Let-7 family (except for let-7c) exhibited significant negative correlations with the fibrosis score (r = −0.2736 to −0.34, p = 0.0002 to <0.0001). After Cox’s regression model was used to adjust for age, sex, HCV genotype, and FIB-4 ≥ 3.25, patients with CHC with let-7i median ≥ −1.696 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.08−0.94, p = 0.0372) in the sustained virologic response (SVR) groups and ≥−1.696 (aHR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.08−0.94, p = 0.0022) in the non-SVR group were less likely to develop HCC. Thus, circulating let-7i can be used for early CHC surveillance in patients with HCC risk after antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shan Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Ching-I Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Hsieh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Wei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Yi-Hung Lin
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Po-Cheng Liang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Zu-Yau Lin
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Cherng Chen
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (C.-I.H.); (P.-C.T.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-F.H.); (M.-H.H.); (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-C.L.); (Z.-Y.L.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-F.H.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.D.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Gu F, Lu D, Zhang L. MicroRNA-30a contributes to pre-eclampsia through regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis modulation potential of mesenchymal stem cells by targeting AVEN. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8724-8734. [PMID: 35322749 PMCID: PMC9161923 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2054909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-associated disease related to an unprecedented hypertension attack. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in PE pathology. . Our research was designed to illustrate the functions of microRNA-30a (miR-30a) in proliferation, apoptosis, and the potential of regulating angiogenesis in MSCs, and to analyze its potential molecular mechanisms. TargetScan software and the luciferase reporter assay were used to forecast and verify the relationship between miR-30a and AVEN. MiR-30a and AVEN expression in the decidual tissue and decidua (d)MSCs of healthy pregnant women and PE patients were assessed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and transwell assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation, growth, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration. Furthermore, the tube formation ability was evaluated using the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation assay. AVEN is the target gene of miR-30a. MiR-30a was upregulated in decidual tissues and dMSCs of PE patients. However, AVEN was weakly expressed, and AVEN expression was negatively related to miR-30a levels in decidual tissues and dMSCs of PE patients. Compared to the mimic control group, upregulation of miR-30a inhibited dMSC proliferation and cell growth, promoted G0/G1 phase arrest, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the miR-30a mimic transfected dMSC culture supernatant suppressed HTR-8/SVneo cell migration ability and HUVEC tube formation ability. However, AVEN reversed these changes. In conclusion, miR-30a/AVEN may serve as a new axis for PE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangle Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou China
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Moon HJ, Lee NY, Do EK, Lee SY, Park GT, Lim JK, Seo JK, Kim JH. Kap1 Regulates the Stability of Lin28A in Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:385-396. [PMID: 35262736 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Lin28A is an RNA-binding protein that controls mammalian development and maintenance of the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) via regulating the processing of the microRNA let-7. Lin28A is highly expressed in ESCs, and ectopic expression of this protein facilitates reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the post-translational regulation of Lin28A protein stability in ESCs remain unclear. In the present study, we identified Kap1 (KRAB-associated protein 1) as a novel Lin28A-binding protein using affinity purification and mass spectrometry. Kap1 specifically interacted with the N-terminal region of Lin28A through its coiled-coil domain. Kap1 overexpression significantly attenuated Lin28A ubiquitination and increased its stability. However, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Kap1 promoted the ubiquitination of Lin28A, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Trim71, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, induced Lin28A degradation and Kap1 knockdown accelerated the Trim71-dependent degradation of Lin28A. Mutation of the lysine 177 residue of Lin28A to arginine abrogated the ubiquitination and degradation of Lin28A which were accelerated by Kap1 silencing. Moreover, Kap1 overexpression led to the accumulation of Lin28A in the cytoplasm, but not in the nucleus, and reduced the levels of let-7 subtypes. These results suggest that Kap1 plays a key role in regulation of the stability of Lin28A by modulating the Trim71-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Lin28A, thus playing a pivotal role in the regulation of ESC self-renewal and pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ji Moon
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Do
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yul Lee
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Park
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyong Lim
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Seo
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Costa SM, Saramago M, Matos RG, Arraiano CM, Viegas SC. How hydrolytic exoribonucleases impact human disease: Two sides of the same story. FEBS Open Bio 2022. [PMID: 35247037 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAs are extremely important molecules inside the cell which perform many different functions. For example, messenger RNAs, transfer RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs are involved in protein synthesis, whereas non-coding RNAs have numerous regulatory roles. Ribonucleases are the enzymes responsible for the processing and degradation of all types of RNAs, having multiple roles in every aspect of RNA metabolism. However, the involvement of RNases in disease is still not well understood. This review focuses on the involvement of the RNase II/RNB family of 3'-5' exoribonucleases in human disease. This can be attributed to direct effects, whereby mutations in the eukaryotic enzymes of this family (Dis3 (or Rrp44), Dis3L1 (or Dis3L), and Dis3L2) are associated with a disease, or indirect effects, whereby mutations in the prokaryotic counterparts of RNase II/RNB family (RNase II and/or RNase R) affect the physiology and virulence of several human pathogens. In this review, we will compare the structural and biochemical characteristics of the members of the RNase II/RNB family of enzymes. The outcomes of mutations impacting enzymatic function will be revisited, in terms of both the direct and indirect effects on disease. Furthermore, we also describe the SARS-CoV-2 viral exoribonuclease and its importance to combat COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, RNases may be a good therapeutic target to reduce bacterial and viral pathogenicity. These are the two perspectives on RNase II/RNB family enzymes that will be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Costa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saramago
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rute G Matos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cecília M Arraiano
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sandra C Viegas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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Gebrekiristos M, Melson J, Jiang A, Buckingham L. DNA methylation and miRNA expression in colon adenomas compared with matched normal colon mucosa and carcinomas. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:74-82. [PMID: 35229372 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of DNA methylation patterns and non-coding RNA, including miRNAs, has been implicated in colon cancer, and these changes may occur early in the development of carcinoma. In this study, the role of epigenetics as early changes in colon tumorigenesis was examined through paired sample analysis of patient-matched normal, adenoma and carcinoma samples. Global methylation was assessed by genomic 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) promoter methylation by pyrosequencing. KRAS mutations were also assessed by pyrosequencing. Expression of miRNA, specifically, two microRNA genes-miR-200a and let-7c-was analysed using RT-qPCR. Differences in global methylation in adenomas were not observed, compared with normal tissue. However, LINE-1 methylation was decreased in adenomas (p = .056) and carcinomas (p = .011) compared with normal tissue. Expressions of miRNA, miR-200a and let-7c were significantly higher in adenomas than normal tissues (p = .008 and p = .045 respectively). Thus the significant changes in LINE-1 methylation and microRNA expression in precancerous lesions support an early role for epigenetic changes in the carcinogenic process. Epigenetic characteristics in adenomas may provide potential diagnostic and prognostic therapeutic targets early in cancer development at the adenoma stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezgebe Gebrekiristos
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rush University College of Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joshua Melson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alice Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lela Buckingham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rush University College of Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Spectrum of microRNAs and their target genes in cancer: intervention in diagnosis and therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6827-6846. [PMID: 35031927 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Till date, several groups have studied the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, processing, stability, silencing, and their dysregulation in cancer. The miRNA coding genes recurrently go through abnormal amplification, deletion, transcription, and epigenetic regulation in cancer. Some miRNAs function as tumor promoters while few others are tumor suppressors based on the transcriptional regulation of target genes. A review of miRNAs and their target genes in a wide range of cancers is attempted in this article, which may help in the development of new diagnostic tools and intervention therapies. The contribution of miRNAs for drug sensitivity or resistance in cancer therapy and opportunities of miRNAs in cancer prognosis or diagnosis and therapy is also presented in detail.
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49
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Wang YX, Wang DX, Wang J, Liu B, Tang AN, Kong DM. DNA nanolantern-mediated catalytic hairpin assembly nanoamplifiers for simultaneous detection of multiple microRNAs. Talanta 2022; 236:122846. [PMID: 34635236 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) with high sensitivity can give accurate and reliable information for clinical applications. By uniformly anchoring hairpin probes on the surface of DNA nanolantern, a three-dimensional DNA nanostructure contains abundant and adjustable modification sites, highly integrated DNA nanoprobes were designed and developed as catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA)-based signal amplifiers for enzyme-free signal amplification detection of target miRNAs. The nanolantern-based CHA (NLC) amplifiers, which were facilely prepared via a simple "one-pot" annealing method, showed enhanced biostability, improved cell internalization efficiency, accelerated CHA reaction kinetics, and increased signal amplification capability compared to the single-stranded DNA hairpin probes used in traditional CHA reaction. By co-assembling multiple hairpin probes on a DNA nanolantern surface, as-prepared NLC amplifiers were demonstrated to work well for highly sensitive and specific imaging, expression level fluctuation analysis of two miRNAs in living cells, and miRNAs-guided tumor imaging in living mice. The proposed DNA nanolantern-based nanoamplifier strategy might provide a feasible way to promote the cellular and in vivo applications of nucleic acid probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Dong-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - An-Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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MicroRNA Hsa-Let-7b Regulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Targeting CTHRC1. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5791181. [PMID: 34950211 PMCID: PMC8692051 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5791181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Let-7 miRNA family has been proved as a key regulator of mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs') biological features. However, whether let-7b could affect the differentiation or proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) is still unknown. Here, we found that the expression of hsa-let-7b was visibly downregulated after mineralization induction of PDLSCs. After transfected with hsa-let-7b mimics or inhibitor reagent, the proliferation ability of PDLSCs was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. On the other hand, the osteogenic differentiation capacity was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity, alizarin red staining, Western blot, and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We verified that hsa-let-7b did not significantly impact the proliferation ability of PDLSCs, but it could curb the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Besides, we predicted CTHRC1 acts as the downstream gene of hsa-let-7b to affect this process. Moreover, the combination of CTHRC1 and hsa-let-7b was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Our results demonstrated that the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was enhanced after inhibiting hsa-let-7b, while was weakened after cotransfection with Si-CTHRC1. Collectively, hsa-let-7b can repress the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by regulating CTHRC1.
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