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Foster C, Gagnon CA, Ashraf AP. Altered lipid metabolism and the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 2024; 35:200-207. [PMID: 38484227 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An increasing amount of research has underscored the significant role of lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This comprehensive review examines the intricate relationship between lipoprotein abnormalities and the development of MAFLD. RECENT FINDINGS Atherogenic dyslipidemia seen in insulin resistance states play a significant role in initiating and exacerbating hepatic lipid accumulation. There are also specific genetic factors ( PNPLA3 , TM6SF2 , MBOAT7 , HSD17B13 , GCKR- P446L) and transcription factors (SREBP-2, FXR, and LXR9) that increase susceptibility to both lipoprotein disorders and MAFLD. Most monogenic primary lipid disorders do not cause hepatic steatosis unless accompanied by metabolic stress. Hepatic steatosis occurs in the presence of secondary systemic metabolic stress in conjunction with predisposing environmental factors that lead to insulin resistance. Identifying specific aberrant lipoprotein metabolic factors promoting hepatic fat accumulation and subsequently exacerbating steatohepatitis will shed light on potential targets for therapeutic interventions. SUMMARY The clinical implications of interconnection between genetic factors and an insulin resistant environment that predisposes MAFLD is many fold. Potential therapeutic strategies in preventing or mitigating MAFLD progression include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and emerging therapies targeting aberrant lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Foster
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Charles A Gagnon
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Marnix E. Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ambika P Ashraf
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Duan Y, Yang Y, Zhao S, Bai Y, Yao W, Gao X, Yin J. Crosstalk in extrahepatic and hepatic system in NAFLD/NASH. Liver Int 2024; 44:1856-1871. [PMID: 38717072 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an extremely progressive form of NAFLD, which, without timely intervention, may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Presently, a definitive comprehension of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH eludes us, and pharmacological interventions targeting NASH specifically remain constrained. The aetiology of NAFLD encompasses a myriad of external factors including environmental influences, dietary habits and gender disparities. More significantly, inter-organ and cellular interactions within the human body play a role in the development or regression of the disease. In this review, we categorize the influences affecting NAFLD both intra- and extrahepatically, elaborating meticulously on the mechanisms governing the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This exploration delves into progress in aetiology and promising therapeutic targets. As a metabolic disorder, the development of NAFLD involves complexities related to nutrient metabolism, liver-gut axis interactions and insulin resistance, among other regulatory functions of extraneous organs. It further encompasses intra-hepatic interactions among hepatic cells, Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH from a macroscopic standpoint is instrumental in the formulation of future therapies for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuesong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Joo K, Kang YW, Moon SY, Baek YH, Son M. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores and chronic periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38971999 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, few studies have reported that NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in the Asian population. METHODS This study was conducted on 129,087 individuals, and the NAFLD score was assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI). The incidence of chronic periodontitis was defined as a diagnostic code with dental procedures. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Nine thousand one hundred and twenty-eight chronic periodontitis cases (7.1%) were identified during a mean 7.4 years follow-up period. Each NAFLD score was related to chronic periodontitis. In the FLI score, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis compared with a low FLI group were as follows: indeterminate FLI: 1.19 (1.12-1.26), high FLI: 1.32 (1.18-1.47). In the HSI and FSI scores, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis were 1.13 (1.05-1.22) and 1.23 (1.05-1.31), respectively. CONCLUSIONS All NAFLD scores were associated with chronic periodontitis in the Korean population. As chronic periodontitis can aggravate the liver status, patients with NAFLD may need regular dental visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangmin Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Wool Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yi Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hyun Baek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Albitar O, D'Souza CM, Adeghate EA. Effects of Lipoproteins on Metabolic Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:2156. [PMID: 38999903 PMCID: PMC11243180 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids are primarily transported in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, which are macromolecules of lipids and conjugated proteins also known as apolipoproteins. The processes of lipoprotein assembly, secretion, transportation, modification, and clearance are crucial components of maintaining a healthy lipid metabolism. Disruption in any of these steps results in pathophysiological abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, atherosclerosis, peripheral artery disease, and cardiovascular diseases. By studying these genetic mutations, researchers can gain valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms that govern the relationship between protein structure and its physiological role. These lipoproteins, including HDL, LDL, lipoprotein(a), and VLDL, mainly serve the purpose of transporting lipids between tissues and organs. However, studies have provided evidence that apo(a) also possesses protective properties against pathogens. In the future, the field of study will be significantly influenced by the integration of recombinant DNA technology and human site-specific mutagenesis for treating hereditary disorders. Several medications are available for the treatment of dyslipoproteinemia. These include statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, niacin, PCSK9 inhibitors, evinacumab, DPP 4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists GLP1RAs, GLP-1, and GIP dual receptor agonists, in addition to SGLT2 inhibitors. This current review article exhibits, for the first time, a comprehensive reflection of the available body of publications concerning the impact of lipoproteins on metabolic well-being across various pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaida Albitar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Crystal M D'Souza
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest A Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
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Long J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Wu B, Wang C. Role of FXR in the development of NAFLD and intervention strategies of small molecules. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 757:110024. [PMID: 38703803 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains a prevailing etiological agent behind hepatocyte diseases like chronic liver disease. The spectrum of processes involved in NAFLD stages includes hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Without intervention, the progression of NASH can further deteriorate into cirrhosis and ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma. The cardinal features that characterize NAFLD are insulin resistance, lipogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis. Due to its complex pathogenesis, existing pharmaceutical agents fail to take a curative or ameliorative effect on NAFLD. Consequently, it is imperative to identify novel therapeutic targets and strategies for NAFLD, ideally to improve the aforementioned key features in patients. As an enterohepatic regulator of bile acid homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation, FarnesoidX receptor (FXR) is an important pharmacological target for the treatment of NAFLD. Manipulating FXR to regulate lipid metabolic signaling pathways is a potential mechanism to mitigate NAFLD. Therefore, elucidating the modulatory character of FXR in regulating lipid metabolism in NAFLD has the potential to yield groundbreaking perspectives for drug design. This review details recent advances in the regulation of lipid depletion in hepatocytes and investigates the pivotal function of FXR in the progress of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanhang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bingxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Caiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Dimala CA, Nso N, Wasserlauf J, Njei B. Electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102580. [PMID: 38653446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study review aimed to consolidate current knowledge on the electrocardiographic abnormalities observed in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), formerly known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). METHODS This was a systematic review of studies on the association between MASLD and electrocardiographic abnormalities, published between January 1, 1946, and October 31, 2023. Data from eligible studies were extracted, analyzed, synthesized, and summarized. RESULTS We evaluated a total of 27 studies with 8,607,500 participants overall and 1,005,101 participants with MASLD. There was a statistically significant association between MASLD and prevalent atrial fibrillation (pooled OR: 1.34 95 % CI: 1.20-1.49, p < 0.001, n = 12), shorter QRS duration (pooled SMD: -0.073, 95 % CI: -0.144 - -0.001, n = 2, p = 0.048, n = 2), QTc prolongation (p < 0.001, n = 2), LVH (pooled OR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.75, p < 0.001, n = 3), low voltage (p < 0.001, n = 1), ST changes (OR: 1.41, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.91, p = 0.027, n = 1), T wave inversion (p < 0.001, n = 1), axis deviation (OR: 3.21, 95 % CI: 1.99-5.17, p < 0.001, n = 1), conduction defect (OR: 2.79, 95 % CI: 1.83-4.26, p < 0.001, n = 1) and bundle branch block (OR: 2.90, 95 % CI: 1.82-4.61, p < 0.001, n = 1), any persistent heart block (p < 0.001, n = 1), fragmented QRS (p < 0.001, n = 1), and p wave dispersion (p < 0.001, n = 1) CONCLUSION: MASLD is associated with multiple ECG abnormalities which are potential markers of early cardiac involvement, highlighting the multisystemic nature of MASLD. These specific ECG abnormalities could be used in screening and management algorithms to improve cardiac risk stratification in MASLD patients. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023477501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Akem Dimala
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., 5.106 John Sealy Annex, Galveston, TX 77555-0553, United States.
| | - Nso Nso
- Division of Cardiology, University of Chicago (Northshore), Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jeremiah Wasserlauf
- Cardiovascular Institute, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Basile Njei
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Bilgin AG, Ekici B, Ozuynuk-Ertugrul AS, Erkan AF, Coban N. The minor allele of ANGPTL8 rs2278426 has a protective effect against CAD in T2DM patients. Gene 2024; 914:148418. [PMID: 38552749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide despite advanced treatment and diagnosis strategies. Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) mainly functions in the lipid mechanism, which is a dysregulated mechanism during CAD pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the associations between an ANGPTL8 polymorphism rs2278426 and the severity, presence, and risk factors of CAD. METHODS A total of 1367 unrelated Turkish individuals who underwent coronary angiography were recruited for the study and grouped as CAD (n = 736, ≥50 stenosis) and non-CAD (n = 549, ≤30 stenosis). Also, subjects were further divided into groups regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. Subjects were genotyped for rs2278426 (C/T) by quantitative real-time PCR. Secondary structure analyses of protein interactions were revealed using I-TASSER and PyMOL. RESULTS Among CAD patients, T allele carriage frequency was lower in the T2DM group (p = 0.046). Moreover, in male non-CAD group, T allele carriage was more prevalent among T2DM patients than non-T2DM (p = 0.033). In logistic regression analysis adjusted for obesity, T allele carrier males had an increased risk for T2DM in non-CAD group (OR = 2.244, 95 % CI: 1.057-4.761, p = 0.035). Also, in T2DM group, stenosis (p = 0.002) and SYNTAX score (p = 0.040) were lower in T allele carrier males than in non-carriers. Analyzes of secondary structure showed that ANGPTL8 could not directly form complexes with ANGPTL3 or ANGPTL4. CONCLUSION In conclusion, T allele carriage of ANGPTL8 rs2278426 has a protective effect on CAD in T2DM patients. Further research should be conducted to explore the association between ANGPTL8 polymorphism (rs2778426) and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Gizem Bilgin
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ekici
- Department of Cardiology, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aybike Sena Ozuynuk-Ertugrul
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aycan Fahri Erkan
- Department of Cardiology, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Coban
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Liu YN, Zhu HX, Li TY, Yang X, Li XJ, Zhang WK. Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated oleic acid induced lipotoxicity to hepatocytes via ROS overload and the DDIT3/BCL2/BAX/Caspases signaling in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:361-370. [PMID: 38945456 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver disease associated with clinical complications. Dietary fatty acids have been suggested to be involved in preventing or reversing the accumulation of hepatic fat. However, contradicting roles of monounsaturated fatty acids to the liver have been implicated in various human and murine models, mainly due to the insolubility nature of fatty acids. METHODS High pressure homogenization methods were used to fabricate oleic acid embedded lipid nanoparticles (OALNs). The in vitro and in vivo models were used to validate the physiological effect of this OALNs via various cellular and molecular approaches including cell viability essay, fluorescent staining, electron microscope, RNAseq, qPCR, Western blots, and IHC staining. RESULTS We successfully fabricated OALNs with enhanced stability and solubility. More importantly, lipid accumulation was successfully induced in hepatocytes via the application of OALNs in a dose-dependent manner. Overload of OALNs resulted in ROS accumulation and apoptosis of hepatocytes dose-dependently. With the help of transcriptome sequencing and traditional experimental approaches, we demonstrated that the lipotoxic effect induced by OALNs was exerted via the DDIT3/BCL2/BAX/Caspases signaling. Moreover, we also verified that OALNs induced steatosis and subsequent apoptosis in the liver of mice via the activation of DDIT3 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In all, our results established a potential pathogenic model of NAFLD for further studies and indicated the possible involvement of DDIT3 signaling in abnormal steatosis process of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No 182 Minzu Avenue, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Hong-Xia Zhu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Tao-Yu Li
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No 182 Minzu Avenue, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No 182 Minzu Avenue, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Wei Kevin Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, Guangdong Province, China.
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Dhanyalayam D, Thangavel H, Sidrat T, Oswal N, Lizardo K, Mauro M, Zhao X, Xue HH, Desai JV, Nagajyothi JF. The Influence of Body Fat Dynamics on Pulmonary Immune Responses in Murine Tuberculosis: Unraveling Sex-Specific Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6823. [PMID: 38999932 PMCID: PMC11241512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights a greater susceptibility of males to tuberculosis (TB), a vulnerability attributed to sex-specific variations in body fat and dietary factors. Our study delves into the unexplored terrain of how alterations in body fat influence Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) burden, lung pathology, immune responses, and gene expression, with a focus on sex-specific dynamics. Utilizing a low-dose Mtb-HN878 clinical strain infection model, we employ transgenic FAT-ATTAC mice with modulable body fat to explore the impact of fat loss (via fat ablation) and fat gain (via a medium-fat diet, MFD). Firstly, our investigation unveils that Mtb infection triggers severe pulmonary pathology in males, marked by shifts in metabolic signaling involving heightened lipid hydrolysis and proinflammatory signaling driven by IL-6 and localized pro-inflammatory CD8+ cells. This stands in stark contrast to females on a control regular diet (RD). Secondly, our findings indicate that both fat loss and fat gain in males lead to significantly elevated (1.6-fold (p ≤ 0.01) and 1.7-fold (p ≤ 0.001), respectively) Mtb burden in the lungs compared to females during Mtb infection (where fat loss and gain did not alter Mtb load in the lungs). This upsurge is associated with impaired lung lipid metabolism and intensified mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-regulated activity in lung CD8+ cells during Mtb infection. Additionally, our research brings to light that females exhibit a more robust systemic IFNγ (p ≤ 0.001) response than males during Mtb infection. This heightened response may either prevent active disease or contribute to latency in females during Mtb infection. In summary, our comprehensive analysis of the interplay between body fat changes and sex bias in Mtb infection reveals that alterations in body fat critically impact pulmonary pathology in males. Specifically, these changes significantly reduce the levels of pulmonary CD8+ T-cells and increase the Mtb burden in the lungs compared to females. The reduction in CD8+ cells in males is linked to an increase in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and a decrease in TNFα, which are essential for CD8+ cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Dhanyalayam
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Hariprasad Thangavel
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Tabinda Sidrat
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Neelam Oswal
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Kezia Lizardo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Michael Mauro
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jigar V Desai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jyothi F Nagajyothi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
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Núñez-Sánchez MÁ, Martínez-Sánchez MA, Martínez-Montoro JI, Balaguer-Román A, Murcia-García E, Fernández-Ruiz VE, Ferrer-Gómez M, Martínez-Cáceres CM, Sledzinski T, Frutos MD, Hernández-Morante JJ, Fernández-García JC, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Mika A, Ramos-Molina B. Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Alterations in Hepatic FA Profile Associated With MASLD Stage in Patients With Obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1781-1792. [PMID: 38217869 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the intracellular lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Excess caloric intake and high-fat diets are considered to significantly contribute to MASLD development. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hepatic and serum fatty acid (FA) composition in patients with different stages of MASLD, and their relationship with FA dietary intake and MASLD-related risk factors. METHODS This was a case-control study in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery at a university hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. Participants were distributed in 3 groups: no MASLD (n = 26), steatotic liver disease (n = 33), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (n = 32). Hepatic and serum FA levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nutritional status was evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires. The hepatic expression of genes involved in FA metabolism was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The hepatic, but not serum, FA profiles were significantly altered in patients with MASLD compared with those without MASLD. No differences were observed in FA intake between the groups. Levels of C16:0, C18:1, and the C18:1/C18:0 ratio were higher, while C18:0 levels and C18:0/C16:0 ratio were lower in patients with MASLD, being significantly different between the 3 groups. Hepatic FA levels and ratios correlated with histopathological diagnosis and other MASLD-related parameters. The expression of genes involved in the FA metabolism was upregulated in patients with MASLD. CONCLUSION Alterations in hepatic FA levels in MASLD patients were due to enhancement of de novo lipogenesis in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Núñez-Sánchez
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Andrés Balaguer-Román
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Murcia-García
- Eating Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Nursing, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Esperanza Fernández-Ruiz
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer-Gómez
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - María Dolores Frutos
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan José Hernández-Morante
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Eating Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Nursing, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Carlos Fernández-García
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Intercenter Medical Oncology Clinical Management Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, Málaga Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Biochemical and Immunology. Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio José Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
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11
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Zhuge H, Pan Y, Lai S, Chang K, Ding Q, Cao W, Song Q, Li S, Dou X, Ding B. Penthorum chinense Pursh extract ameliorates alcohol-related fatty liver disease in mice via the SIRT1/AMPK signaling axis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31195. [PMID: 38832279 PMCID: PMC11145240 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense), a functional food, has been applied to protect the liver against alcohol-related fatty liver disease (ALD) for a long history in China. This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative activity of the polyphenolic fraction in P. chinense (PGF) depending on the relief of ALD. The ALD mouse model was established by exposing the mice to a Lieber-DeCarli alcohol liquid diet. We found that PGF administration significantly ameliorated alcohol-induced liver injury, steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice. Furthermore, alcohol-increased levels of the critical hepatic lipid synthesis proteins sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor (SREBP-1) and diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) were attenuated by PGF. Similarly, PGF inhibited the expression of the lipid transport protein very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). Interestingly, PGF restored alcohol-inhibited expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), essential fatty acid β-oxidation proteins. Mechanistic studies revealed that PGF protects against alcohol-induced hepatocyte injury and lipid deposition via the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. In sum, this research clearly demonstrated the protective effects of PGF against ALD, which was mediated by activating SIRT1/AMPK pathways in hepatocytes. We provide a new theoretical basis for using P. chinense as a functional food in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhuge
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan Pan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shanglei Lai
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Kaixin Chang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qinchao Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Song
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songtao Li
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Bin Ding
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
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12
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Cheng L, Wu Q, Wang S. Association between cardiometabolic index and hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis: a population-based study. Hormones (Athens) 2024:10.1007/s42000-024-00572-9. [PMID: 38861108 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-024-00572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a new type of obesity index that is based on a combination of lipid levels and abdominal obesity indicators. It is closely correlated with the occurrence of diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other diseases, thus playing an important role in the screening of metabolic diseases. This is coupled with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis which are characterized by excessive liver fat deposition. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between CMI and hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis. METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was conducted using the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset to probe the relationship between CMI and hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis, while multiple linear regression models were used to test the linear association between CMI and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Smooth-fit curves and threshold effects analysis were used to describe the nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were performed according to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and smoking status. RESULTS A total of 3084 adults aged 18-80 years were included in this analysis, and after controlling for a variety of variables, there was a significant positive correlation between CMI and CAP [20.38 (16.27,24.49)]. When subgroups were analyzed, this positive correlation was found to be stronger in the female population than in the male (P for interaction = 0.0303). Furthermore, the association between CMI and CAP was nonlinear. Using multiple regression analysis, it was shown that the linear relationship between CMI and liver fibrosis was not significant [-0.09 (-0.47,0.29)]. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that elevated CMI levels are associated with hepatic steatosis, but that CMI is not linked to liver fibrosis. Larger prospective investigations are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Cheng
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
- Graduate School, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Qinggang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Graduate School, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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13
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Jiang FY, Yue SR, Tan YY, Tang N, Xu YS, Zhang BJ, Mao YJ, Xue ZS, Lu AP, Liu BC, Wang RR. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract Alleviates NASH in Mice: Exploration of Inflammation and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:1782. [PMID: 38892715 PMCID: PMC11174846 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) is a severe liver disease characterized by hepatic chronic inflammation that can be associated with the gut microbiota. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract (GPE), a Chinese herbal extract, on methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH mice. Based on the peak area, the top ten compounds in GPE were hydroxylinolenic acid, rutin, hydroxylinoleic acid, vanillic acid, methyl vanillate, quercetin, pheophorbide A, protocatechuic acid, aurantiamide acetate, and iso-rhamnetin. We found that four weeks of GPE treatment alleviated hepatic confluent zone inflammation, hepatocyte lipid accumulation, and lipid peroxidation in the mouse model. According to the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing of the colonic contents, the gut microbiota structure of the mice was significantly changed after GPE supplementation. Especially, GPE enriched the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Akkerrmansia and decreased the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Klebsiella. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed that the GPE group showed an anti-inflammatory liver characterized by the repression of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway compared with the MCD group. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) also showed that GPE downregulated the pathogen-induced cytokine storm pathway, which was associated with inflammation. A high dose of GPE (HGPE) significantly downregulated the expression levels of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes, as verified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Our results suggested that the therapeutic potential of GPE for NASH mice may be related to improvements in the intestinal microenvironment and a reduction in liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yan Jiang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Si-Ran Yue
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yi-Yun Tan
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Nan Tang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yue-Song Xu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bao-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yue-Jian Mao
- China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited, Hohhot 010000, China; (Y.-J.M.); (Z.-S.X.)
| | - Zheng-Sheng Xue
- China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited, Hohhot 010000, China; (Y.-J.M.); (Z.-S.X.)
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Bao-Cheng Liu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
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14
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Johnson SM, Bao H, McMahon CE, Chen Y, Burr SD, Anderson AM, Madeyski-Bengtson K, Lindén D, Han X, Liu J. PNPLA3 is a triglyceride lipase that mobilizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to facilitate hepatic secretion of large-sized very low-density lipoprotein. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4847. [PMID: 38844467 PMCID: PMC11156938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The I148M variant of PNPLA3 is closely associated with hepatic steatosis. Recent evidence indicates that the I148M mutant functions as an inhibitor of PNPLA2/ATGL-mediated lipolysis, leaving the role of wild-type PNPLA3 undefined. Despite showing a triglyceride hydrolase activity in vitro, PNPLA3 has yet to be established as a lipase in vivo. Here, we show that PNPLA3 preferentially hydrolyzes polyunsaturated triglycerides, mobilizing polyunsaturated fatty acids for phospholipid desaturation and enhancing hepatic secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Under lipogenic conditions, mice with liver-specific knockout or acute knockdown of PNPLA3 exhibit aggravated liver steatosis and reduced plasma VLDL-triglyceride levels. Similarly, I148M-knockin mice show decreased hepatic triglyceride secretion during lipogenic stimulation. Our results highlight a specific context whereby the wild-type PNPLA3 facilitates the balance between hepatic triglyceride storage and secretion, and suggest the potential contribution of a loss-of-function by the I148M variant to the development of fatty liver disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Cell Biology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hanmei Bao
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes; University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Cailin E McMahon
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department; Cornell College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Stephanie D Burr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aaron M Anderson
- Department of Developmental Biology; Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Katja Madeyski-Bengtson
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences; BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindén
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM); BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology; Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes; University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition; Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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15
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Hong J, Shi Y, Xu F, Chen J, Mi M, Ren Q, Kang Y. Integration of Lipidomics and Transcriptomics Identifies the Regulation of Lipid Homeostasis as Potential Mechanisms of Konjac Glucomannan against Hepatic Steatosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38833514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is characterized by substantial disruption in the liver's lipid level regulation. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is acknowledged as a nutritious food that has the potential to prevent hyperlipidemia. This study utilized lipidomics and transcriptomics to investigate the efficacy of KGM in alleviating high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating lipid homeostasis. The findings indicated that supplementation of KGM for a duration of 10 weeks led to significant decreases in body weight, liver weight, and epididymal fat tissue weight. Furthermore, improvements in lipid concentrations in plasma and liver samples were observed, along with enhancements in glucose tolerance and the mitigation of liver damage. Additionally, lipidomics analysis revealed that the primary differential lipid metabolites were mainly associated with fatty acid metabolism pathways. Transcriptomic analysis showed that KGM significantly altered the gene expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway in the liver. Moreover, KGM demonstrated a significant regulatory impact on the hepatic expression of PPARγ, potentially mitigating hepatic steatosis through modulation of the PPARγ-mediated lipid metabolism pathway. In conclusion, these findings suggest that KGM effectively mitigates steatosis by modulating hepatic lipid metabolites and controlling PPARγ-mediated genes in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hong
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medicine College, Lhasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Yun Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224051, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medicine College, Lhasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Fengzhuo Xu
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medicine College, Lhasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Ma Mi
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medicine College, Lhasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Qingjia Ren
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medicine College, Lhasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Yijun Kang
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Bitterer F, Kupke P, Adenugba A, Evert K, Glehr G, Riquelme P, Scheibert L, Preverin G, Böhm C, Hornung M, Schlitt HJ, Wenzel JJ, Geissler EK, Safinia N, Hutchinson JA, Werner JM. Soluble CD46 as a diagnostic marker of hepatic steatosis. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105184. [PMID: 38838471 PMCID: PMC11179574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) incurs substantial morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Detection and clinical intervention at early stages of disease improves prognosis; however, we are currently limited by a lack of reliable diagnostic tests for population screening and monitoring responses to therapy. To address this unmet need, we investigated human invariant Natural Killer T cell (iNKT) activation by fat-loaded hepatocytes, leading to the discovery that circulating soluble CD46 (sCD46) levels accurately predict hepatic steatosis. METHODS sCD46 in plasma was measured using a newly developed immuno-competition assay in two independent cohorts: Prospective living liver donors (n = 156; male = 66, female = 90) and patients with liver tumours (n = 91; male = 58, female = 33). sCD46 levels were statistically evaluated as a predictor of hepatic steatosis. FINDINGS Interleukin-4-secreting (IL-4+) iNKT cells were over-represented amongst intrahepatic lymphocytes isolated from resected human liver samples. IL-4+ iNKT cells preferentially developed in cocultures with a fat-loaded, hepatocyte-like cell line, HepaRG. This was attributed to induction of matrix metalloproteases (MMP) in fat-loaded HepaRG cells and primary human liver organoids, which led to indiscriminate cleavage of immune receptors. Loss of cell-surface CD46 resulted in unrepressed differentiation of IL-4+ iNKT cells. sCD46 levels were elevated in patients with hepatic steatosis. Discriminatory cut-off values for plasma sCD46 were found that accurately classified patients according to histological steatosis grade. INTERPRETATION sCD46 is a reliable clinical marker of hepatic steatosis, which can be conveniently and non-invasively measured in serum and plasma samples, raising the possibility of using sCD46 levels as a diagnostic method for detecting or grading hepatic steatosis. FUNDING F.B. was supported by the Else Kröner Foundation (Award 2016_kolleg.14). G.G. was supported by the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation for Immuno-Oncology (Award FA-19-009). N.S. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Fellowship (211113/A/18/Z). J.A.H. received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Award 860003). J.M.W. received funding from the Else Kröner Foundation (Award 2015_A10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bitterer
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Paul Kupke
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Akinbami Adenugba
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Gunther Glehr
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Paloma Riquelme
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Lena Scheibert
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Giulia Preverin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Christina Böhm
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies PLC, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Hornung
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Jürgen J Wenzel
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Niloufar Safinia
- Department of Hepatology, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - James A Hutchinson
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
| | - Jens M Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
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17
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Masson W, Barbagelata L, Godinez-Leiva E, Genua I, Nogueira JP. Association between hepatic steatosis and lipoprotein(a) levels in non-alcoholic patients: A systematic review. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024; 43:536-547. [PMID: 38036914 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is well known that lipid abnormalities exist in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and NAFLD is poorly understood. The main objective of the present study was to assess the association between Lp(a) levels and NAFLD. METHODS This systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42023392526). A literature search was performed to detect studies that evaluated the association between Lp(a) levels, NAFLD and steatohepatitis (NASH). RESULTS Ten observational studies, including 40,045 patients, were identified and considered eligible for this systematic review. There were 9266 subjects in the NAFLD groups and 30,779 individuals in the respective control groups. Five studies evaluated patients with NAFLD (hepatic steatosis was associated with lower Lp(a) levels in four studies, while the remaining showed opposite results). Two studies evaluating NASH patients showed that Lp(a) levels were not different compared to controls. However, the increment of Lp(a) levels was correlated with liver fibrosis in one of them. In addition, one study analyzed simultaneously patients with NAFLD and NASH, showing a neutral result in NAFLD patients and a positive relationship in NASH patients. Two studies that included patients with the new definition of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) also showed neutral results. CONCLUSION Although there could be an association between Lp(a) levels and hepatic steatosis, the results of the studies published to date are contradictory and not definitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Masson
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Perón 4190, C1199ABB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Barbagelata
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Perón 4190, C1199ABB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eddison Godinez-Leiva
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Universidad Internacional de Las Américas, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Idoia Genua
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Patricio Nogueira
- Centro de Investigación en Endocrinología, Nutrición Y Metabolismo (CIENM), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina
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18
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Wang Q, Wei Y, Wang Y, Yu Z, Qin H, Zhao L, Cheng J, Shen B, Jin M, Feng H. Total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera alleviate non-alcohol fatty liver disease via regulating Nrf2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159497. [PMID: 38649009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. The leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera contain a large number of flavonoids, which have a variety of biological functions. METHODS In vitro experiments, free fatty acids were used to stimulate HepG2 cells. NAFLD model was established in vivo in mice fed with high fat diet (HFD) or intraperitoneally injected with Tyloxapol (Ty). At the same time, Total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera (TFBP) was used to interfere with HepG2 cells or mice. RESULTS The results showed that TFBP significantly decreased the lipid accumulation induced by oil acid (OA) with palmitic acid (PA) in HepG2 cells. TFBP decreased the total cholesterol (TC), the triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in serum. TFBP could also effectively inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restrained the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and enhance the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to alleviate the injury from oxidative stress in the liver. Additionally, TFBP activated nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway to increasing the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Meanwhile, protein levels of mTORC signaling pathway were evidently restrained with the treatment of TFBP. CONCLUSION Our experiments proved that TFBP has the therapeutic effect in NAFLD, and the activation of Nrf2 and AMPK signaling pathways should make sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yunfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yeling Wang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Ziyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lilei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bingyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Meiyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haihua Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Ahn YJ, Kim B, Kim YH, Kim TY, Seo H, Park Y, Park SS, Ahn Y. Enzyme-Treated Zizania latifolia Ethanol Extract Improves Liver-Related Outcomes and Fatigability. Foods 2024; 13:1725. [PMID: 38890953 PMCID: PMC11171771 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term hepatic damage is associated with human morbidity and mortality owing to numerous pathogenic factors. A variety of studies have focused on improving liver health using natural products and herbal medicines. We aimed to investigate the effect of enzyme-treated Zizania latifolia ethanol extract (ETZL), which increases the content of tricin via enzymatic hydrolysis, for 8 weeks on liver-related outcomes, lipid metabolism, antioxidant activity, and fatigue compared to a placebo. Healthy Korean adult males aged 19-60 years were randomized into ETZL treatment and placebo groups, and alcohol consumption was 24.96 and 28.64 units/week, respectively. Alanine transaminase, a blood marker associated with liver cell injury, significantly decreased after 8 weeks compared to the baseline in the ETZL treatment group (p = 0.004). After 8 weeks, the treatment group showed significant changes in the levels of high-density lipoprotein and hepatic steatosis index compared to the baseline (p = 0.028 and p = 0.004, respectively). ETZL treatment tended to reduce antioxidant-activity-related factors, total antioxidant status, and malondialdehyde, but there was no significant difference. In the multidimensional fatigue scale, ETZL treatment showed a significant reduction in general fatigue and total-fatigue-related values after 8 weeks compared to the baseline (p = 0.012 and p = 0.032, respectively). Taken together, the 8-week treatment of enzyme-treated Zizania latifolia ethanol extract demonstrated positive effects on liver-related outcomes, lipid metabolism, and mental fatigue without adverse effects on safety-related parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Ahn
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of Smart-Bio, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yoon Hee Kim
- R&D Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- R&D Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeong Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooheon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Research Group of Functional Food Materials, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
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20
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Xu D, Xie L, Cheng C, Xue F, Sun C. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and cardiovascular diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1409653. [PMID: 38883601 PMCID: PMC11176465 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1409653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continues to rise steadily, making it a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis (AS) serves as a primary driver of these conditions, commencing silently at an early age and culminating in adverse cardiovascular events that severely impact patients' quality of life or lead to fatality. Dyslipidemia, particularly elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), plays a pivotal role in AS pathogenesis as an independent risk factor. Research indicates that abnormal LDL-C accumulation within arterial walls acts as a crucial trigger for atherosclerotic plaque formation. As the disease progresses, plaque accumulation may rupture or dislodge, resulting in thrombus formation and complete blood supply obstruction, ultimately causing myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and other common adverse cardiovascular events. Despite adequate pharmacologic therapy targeting LDL-C reduction, patients with cardiometabolic abnormalities remain at high risk for disease recurrence, highlighting the importance of addressing lipid risk factors beyond LDL-C. Recent attention has focused on the causal relationship between triglycerides, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), and their remnants in AS risk. Genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies suggest a causal relationship between TRLs and their remnants and the increased risk of AS, and this dyslipidemia may be an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. Particularly in patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, disordered TRLs and its remnants levels significantly increase the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease development. Accumulation of over-synthesized TRLs in plasma, impaired function of enzymes involved in TRLs lipolysis, and impaired hepatic clearance of cholesterol-rich TRLs remnants can lead to arterial deposition of TRLs and its remnants, promoting foam cell formation and arterial wall inflammation. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of TRLs-induced AS and targeting it therapeutically could slow or impede AS progression, thereby reducing cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, particularly coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chaonan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
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21
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Trillos-Almanza MC, Chvatal-Medina M, Connelly MA, Moshage H, Bakker SJL, de Meijer VE, Blokzijl H, Dullaart RPF. Circulating Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Is Elevated in Liver Transplant Recipients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6031. [PMID: 38892218 PMCID: PMC11172608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver transplant recipients (LTRs) have lower long-term survival rates compared with the general population. This underscores the necessity for developing biomarkers to assess post-transplantation mortality. Here we compared plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels with those in the general population, investigated its determinants, and interrogated its association with all-cause mortality in stable LTRs. Plasma TMAO was measured in 367 stable LTRs from the TransplantLines cohort (NCT03272841) and in 4837 participants from the population-based PREVEND cohort. TMAO levels were 35% higher in LTRs compared with PREVEND participants (4.3 vs. 3.2 µmol/L, p < 0.001). Specifically, TMAO was elevated in LTRs with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease, and polycystic liver disease as underlying etiology (p < 0.001 for each). Among LTRs, TMAO levels were independently associated with eGFR (std. β = -0.43, p < 0.001) and iron supplementation (std. β = 0.13, p = 0.008), and were associated with mortality (29 deaths during 8.6 years follow-up; log-rank test p = 0.017; hazard ratio of highest vs. lowest tertile 4.14, p = 0.007). In conclusion, plasma TMAO is likely elevated in stable LTRs, with impaired eGFR and iron supplementation as potential contributory factors. Our preliminary findings raise the possibility that plasma TMAO could contribute to increased mortality risk in such patients, but this need to be validated through a series of rigorous and methodical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camila Trillos-Almanza
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - Mateo Chvatal-Medina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | | | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - TransplantLines Investigators
- Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Vincent E. de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - Robin P. F. Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
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Wu P, Bie M, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhao L. Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum infection accelerates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed ApoE knockout mice by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38795023 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study sought to explore the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum on hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS ApoE KO mice, on a HFD, received F. nucleatum oral inoculation every other day. After 24 weeks, body weight, liver weight, and liver index were assessed. Serum biochemistry and pro-inflammatory factors in serum and liver were analyzed. The histopathology of right maxilla and live were performed. Oil red O, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining for the liver were conducted. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, apoptosis, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS, lipid peroxides, and hepatic lipids were also evaluated. Liver inflammation, fibrosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related molecule, and Nrf2/Keap1-related signaling molecule gene/protein expression were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and/or Western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS HFD-fed ApoE KO mice infected by F. nucleatum demonstrated significant changes, including increased body and liver weight, elevated proinflammatory factors and lipids in serum and liver, as well as neutrophil infiltration, fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Additionally, F. nucleatum stimulates hepatic lipid accumulation and activates de novo lipogenesis (DNL), while simultaneously suppressing the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study reveals that oral inoculation of F. nucleatum might promote hepatic steatosis by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Wu T, Zeng Z, Yu Y. Role of Probiotics in Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mouse Model: A Comparative Study. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1020. [PMID: 38792849 PMCID: PMC11124503 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver condition worldwide. Numerous studies conducted recently have demonstrated a connection between the dysbiosis of the development of NAFLD and gut microbiota. Rebuilding a healthy gut ecology has been proposed as a strategy involving the use of probiotics. The purpose of this work is to investigate and compare the function of probiotics Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) and VSL#3 in NAFLD mice. Rodent NAFLD was modeled using a methionine choline-deficient diet (MCD) with/without oral probiotic delivery. Subsequently, qPCR, histological staining, and liver function tests were conducted. Mass spectrometry-based analysis and 16S rDNA gene sequencing were used to investigate the liver metabolome and gut microbiota. We found that while both A. muciniphila and VSL#3 reduced hepatic fat content, A. muciniphila outperformed VSL#3. Furthermore, probiotic treatment restored the β diversity of the gut flora and A. muciniphila decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Ileibacterium valens. These probiotics altered the metabolism in MCD mice, especially the glycerophospholipid metabolism. In conclusion, our findings distinguished the role of A. muciniphila and VSL#3 in NAFLD and indicated that oral-gavage probiotics remodel gut microbiota and improve metabolism, raising the possibility of using probiotics in the cure of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
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24
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El-Beltagi HS, Rageb M, El-Saber MM, El-Masry RA, Ramadan KM, Kandeel M, Alhajri AS, Osman A. Green synthesis, characterization, and hepatoprotective effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera leaves in CCl 4-treated albino rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30627. [PMID: 38765133 PMCID: PMC11101797 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) causes liver injury. This research aims to create ZnO-NPs using green synthesis from Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves aqueous extract, and chemically prepared and confirming the synthesis by specialized equipment analysis. The sizes formed of ZnO-NPs were 80 and 55 nm for chemical and green methods, respectively. In addition, to study their ability to protect Wistar Albino male rats against oxidative stress exposed to carbon tetrachloride. MO leaf aqueous extract, green synthesized ZnO-NPs, and ZnO-NPs prepared chemically at 100 and 200 mg/kg BW per day were investigated for their hepatoprotective effects on liver enzyme biomarkers, renal biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, hematological parameters, and histopathological changes. Compared to the control group, all liver and kidney indicators were considerably elevated after the CCl4 injection. However, the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver was significantly reduced after the CCl4 injection. These outcomes indicate that MO leaf aqueous extract, greenly synthesized ZnO-NPs, and ZnO-NPs chemically prepared can restore normal liver and kidney function and activity, as well as hematological and antioxidant enzymes. The highest impact on enhancing the hepatoprotective effect was recorded for rats that received green synthesized ZnO-NPs. The increased drug delivery mechanism of green synthesized ZnO-NPs resulted in a higher protective effect than that of MO leaf aqueous extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Marwa Rageb
- Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. El-Saber
- Biochemistry Unit, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11753, Egypt
| | | | - Khaled M.A. Ramadan
- Central Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shobra, Cairo, 11241, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahlam Saleh Alhajri
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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25
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Bai Y, Liang S, Zhou Y, Zhou B. Transcriptomic analysis reveals pharmacological mechanisms mediating efficacy of Yangyinghuoxue Decoction in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1364023. [PMID: 38813108 PMCID: PMC11133554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1364023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose As a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yangyinghuoxue Decoction (YYHXD) is used clinically for therapy of hepatic fibrosis. The pharmacological profile of YYHXD comprises multiple components acting on many targets and pathways, but the pharmacological mechanisms underlying its efficacy have not been thoroughly elucidated. This study aimed at probing the pharmacological mechanisms of YYHXD in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Methods YYHXD aqueous extract was prepared and quality control using HPLC-MS fingerprint analysis was performed. A CCl4-induced rat model of hepatic fibrosis was established, and animals were randomly assigned to six groups: control, low-dose YYHXD (L-YYHXD), medium-dose YYHXD (M-YYHXD), high-dose YYHXD (H-YYHXD), CCl4 model, and colchicine group. Rats in the treatment groups received daily oral administration of YYHXD (5, 10, or 20 g/kg) or colchicine (0.2 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, while the control and model groups received distilled water. Histological analysis, including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome staining, was performed to evaluate hepatic fibrosis. Serum biochemical markers, such as AST, ALT, HA, and LN, were measured. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and oxidative stress indicators (SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA) in hepatic tissue were also assessed. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis using RNA-sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control, CCl4 model, and H-YYHXD groups. Bioinformatics analysis, including differential expression analysis, protein-protein interaction analysis, and functional enrichment analysis, were performed to probe the pharmacological mechanisms of YYHXD. The regulatory effects of YYHXD on fatty acid metabolism and biosynthesis were further confirmed by Oil Red O staining, enzyme activity assays, qPCR, and Western blotting. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining also validated the involvement of the AMPK signaling pathway in the occurrence and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Results HE and Masson's trichrome staining revealed reduced collagen deposition and improved liver architecture in YYHXD groups compared to the CCl4 model group. Serum biochemical markers, including AST, ALT, HA, and LN, were significantly improved in the YYHXD-treated groups compared to the CCl4 model group. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and oxidative stress indicators (decreased SOD and GSH-Px, increased MDA) in hepatic tissue were significantly ameliorated by YYHXD treatment compared to the CCl4 model group. Moreover, 96 genes implicated in YYHXD therapy of hepatic fibrosis were screened from the transcriptomic data, which were principally enriched in biological pathways such as fatty acid metabolism and biosynthesis, and the AMPK signaling pathway. Oil Red O staining showed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation by YYHXD in a dose-dependent manner, along with decreased serum TG, TC, and LDL-C levels. Additionally, qPCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated upregulated mRNA and protein expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and biosynthesis, Fasn and Fads2, modulated by YYHXD. YYHXD also dose-dependently enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK as evidenced by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. Conclusion YYHXD ameliorated CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats through pharmacological mechanisms that involved manifold targets and pathways, including aliphatic acid synthesis and metabolism pathways and the AMPK signaling pathway. This study provided a reference and basis for further research and clinical utilization of YYHXD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhao Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Li J, Wen W, Li J, Liu T, Sun J, Chen H. CNOT7 regulates lipid deposition in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150003. [PMID: 38772212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has ascended with the increasing number of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which will bring great medical burden to society. At present, multiple scientific experiments have found that the CCR4-NOT complex can participate in regulating obesity and energy metabolism. This study is designed to explore the role and mechanism of CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 (CNOT7), a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex in liver lipid deposition. METHODS To establish the NAFLD cell model, palmitic acid (PA) was utilized to stimulate HepG2 cells and LO2 cells, promoting intracellular lipid deposition. CNOT7 was knockdown by siRNA and lentivirus to evaluate the effect of CNOT7 in NAFLD. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the expression of CNOT7 was increased in the NAFLD cell model. After knocking down CNOT7, the lipid deposition declined in HepG2 or LO2 cells treated by PA reduced. We found the lipid synthesis genes and the lipid uptake and transport factors in the CNOT7 knockdown group were significantly downregulated compared to the non-knockdown group. Furthermore, knockdown of CNOT7 might promote fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSION Knocking down CNOT7 can improve lipid deposition and CNOT7 may be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiheng Wen
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jitong Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiancai Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Yang S, Li J, Yan L, Wu Y, Zhang L, Li B, Tong H, Lin X. Molecular Mechanisms of Fucoxanthin in Alleviating Lipid Deposition in Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10391-10405. [PMID: 38669300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is witnessing a global surge; however, it still lacks effective pharmacological interventions. Fucoxanthin, a natural bioactive metabolite derived from marine brown algae, exhibits promising pharmacological functions, particularly in ameliorating metabolic disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic efficacy in addressing MAFLD remain elusive. Our present findings indicated that fucoxanthin significantly alleviated palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatic lipid deposition in vitro and obesity-induced hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. Moreover, at both the protein and transcriptional levels, fucoxanthin effectively increased the expression of PPARα and CPT1 (involved in fatty acid oxidation) and suppressed FASN and SREBP1c (associated with lipogenesis) in both PA-induced HepG2 cells and hepatic tissues in ob/ob mice. This modulation was accompanied by the activation of AMPK. The capacity of fucoxanthin to improve hepatic lipid deposition was significantly attenuated when utilizing the AMPK inhibitor or siRNA-mediated AMPK silencing. Mechanistically, fucoxanthin activates AMPK, subsequently regulating the KEAP1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway to exert antioxidative effects and stimulating the PGC1α/NRF1 axis to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis. These collective actions contribute to fucoxanthin's amelioration of hepatic steatosis induced by metabolic perturbations. These findings offer valuable insights into the prospective utilization of fucoxanthin as a therapeutic strategy for managing MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouxing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jinhai Li
- Department of Liver and Gall Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, P.R. China
| | - Liping Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P.R. China
| | - Boyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P.R. China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P.R. China
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28
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Du S, Chen X, Ren R, Li L, Zhang B, Wang Q, Meng Y, Qiu Z, Wang G, Zheng G, Hu J. Integration of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics analysis to reveal the mechanisms underlying the amelioration of AKT-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by total flavonoids in vine tea. Food Funct 2024; 15:5158-5174. [PMID: 38630029 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main reason for chronic liver diseases and malignancies. Currently, there is a lack of approved drugs for the prevention or treatment of NAFLD. Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) has been used as a traditional Chinese beverage for centuries. Vine tea carries out several biological activities including the regulation of plasma lipids and blood glucose, hepato-protective function, and anti-tumor activity and contains the highest content of flavonoids. However, the underlying mechanisms of total flavonoids from vine tea (TF) in the attenuation of NAFLD remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the interventions and mechanisms of TF in mice with NAFLD using an integrated analysis of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics. Staining and biochemical tests revealed a significant increase in AKT-overexpression-induced (abbreviated as AKT-induced) NAFLD in mice. Lipid accumulation in hepatic intracellular vacuoles was alleviated after TF treatment. In addition, TF reduced the hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in mice with AKT-induced NAFLD. Lipidomics results showed 32 differential lipids in the liver, mainly including triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 314 differentially expressed genes were commonly upregulated in the AKT group and downregulated in the TF group. The differential regulation of lipids by the genes Pparg, Scd1, Chpt1, Dgkz, and Pla2g12b was further revealed by network enrichment analysis and confirmed by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect changes in the protein levels of the key proteins PPARγ and SCD1. In summary, TF can improve hepatic steatosis by targeting the PPAR signaling pathway, thereby reducing de novo fatty acid synthesis and modulating the glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Du
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Iannotta D, A A, Lai A, Nair S, Koifman N, Lappas M, Salomon C, Wolfram J. Chemically-Induced Lipoprotein Breakdown for Improved Extracellular Vesicle Purification. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307240. [PMID: 38100284 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized biomolecular packages involved in intercellular communication. EVs are released by all cells, making them broadly applicable as therapeutic, diagnostic, and mechanistic components in (patho)physiology. Sample purity is critical for correctly attributing observed effects to EVs and for maximizing therapeutic and diagnostic performance. Lipoprotein contaminants represent a major challenge for sample purity. Lipoproteins are approximately six orders of magnitude more abundant in the blood circulation and overlap in size, shape, and density with EVs. This study represents the first example of an EV purification method based on the chemically-induced breakdown of lipoproteins. Specifically, a styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymer is used to selectively breakdown lipoproteins, enabling subsequent size-based separation of the breakdown products from plasma EVs. The use of the polymer followed by tangential flow filtration or size-exclusion chromatography results in improved EV yield, preservation of EV morphology, increased EV markers, and reduced contaminant markers. SMA-based EV purification enables improved fluorescent labeling, reduces interactions with macrophages, and enhances accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity to detect EV biomarkers, indicating benefits for various downstream applications. In conclusion, SMA is a simple and effective method to improve the purity and yield of plasma-derived EVs, which favorably impacts downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Iannotta
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Amruta A
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Na'ama Koifman
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Australia, and Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Joy Wolfram
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Lee H, Kang EY, Lee J, Kim Y, Kang S, Kim H, Kim HK, Gang G, Lee SG, Lei C, Go GW. A combined extract containing Schisandra chinensis (SCE) reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation in rats fed a high-sucrose diet. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1449-1457. [PMID: 38585559 PMCID: PMC10992756 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive hepatic lipid accumulation is closely linked to inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndromes. We hypothesized that a combined extract containing Schisandra chinensis (SCE) could alleviate hepatic lipid accumulation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-sucrose diet (HSD) were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 6): normal diet (ND), HSD (60% kcal from sucrose), and HSD + SCE (HSD with 2.44% SCE). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that SCE contains chlorogenic acid (5.514 ± 0.009 mg/g) and schisandrin (0.179 ± 0.002 mg/g) as bioactive components. SCE did not alter the body weight, fat mass, lean mass, or glucose levels. Strikingly, SCE effectively reduced the plasma triglyceride (TG) and hepatic TG levels compared to the HSD group. Adiposity reduction is due to decreased activity of hepatic de novo lipogenic enzymes. These results indicated that SCE has nutraceutical potential for the prevention and treatment of hepatic steatosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01464-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneul Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Joowon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoungok Gang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-gil Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Cao Lei
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-woong Go
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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Qu YL, Song YH, Sun RR, Ma YJ, Zhang Y. Serum Vitamin D Level in Overweight Individuals and Its Correlation With the Incidence of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Physiol Res 2024; 73:265-271. [PMID: 38710056 PMCID: PMC11081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the serum vitamin D level in overweight individuals and its correlation with the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Between May 2020 and May 2021, the Department of Gastroenterology at the People's Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine treated a total of 321 outpatients and inpatients with NAFLD, who were included in the NAFLD group, while 245 healthy age- and gender-matched individuals were included in the control group. All the data were collected for the relevant indices, including fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine transaminase, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D. The patients with NAFLD were divided into the normal BMI group, the overweight group, and the obese group, according to the body mass index, and the 25(OH)D levels were compared between the different groups. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between the serum 25(OH)D level and NAFLD. Regarding the serum 25 (OH)D level, it was lower in the NAFLD group than in the control group ([18.36 + 1.41] µg/L vs [22.33 + 2.59] µg/L, t = ?5.15, P<0.001), and was lower in the overweight group than in the normal group ([18.09 ± 5.81] µg/L vs [20.60 ± 4.16] µg/L, t = 0.26, P = 0.041). The serum 25(OH)D level was thus negatively correlated with the incidence of NAFLD in overweight individuals (r = 0.625, P<0.05). In conclusion, the level of 25(OH)D decreased in patients with NAFLD with increasing BMI (normal, overweight, obese). Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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Chen ZF, Zhang L, Fei SK. Role of lactic acid and lactylation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:243-247. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i4.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
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Li Y, Zheng M, Limbara S, Zhang S, Yu Y, Yu L, Jiao J. Effects of the Pituitary-targeted Gland Axes on Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis in Endocrine-associated Fatty Liver Disease-A Concept Worth Revisiting. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:416-427. [PMID: 38638376 PMCID: PMC11022059 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipid homeostasis is not only essential for maintaining normal cellular and systemic metabolic function but is also closely related to the steatosis of the liver. The controversy over the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the past three years has once again sparked in-depth discussions on the pathogenesis of this disease and its impact on systemic metabolism. Pituitary-targeted gland axes (PTGA), an important hormone-regulating system, are indispensable in lipid homeostasis. This review focuses on the roles of thyroid hormones, adrenal hormones, sex hormones, and their receptors in hepatic lipid homeostasis, and summarizes recent research on pituitary target gland axes-related drugs regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. It also calls on researchers and clinicians to recognize the concept of endocrine-associated fatty liver disease (EAFLD) and to re-examine human lipid metabolism from the macroscopic perspective of homeostatic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meina Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Steven Limbara
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yutao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Yang C, Zhu D, Liu C, Wang W, He Y, Wang B, Li M. Lipid metabolic reprogramming mediated by circulating Nrg4 alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease during the early recovery phase after sleeve gastrectomy. BMC Med 2024; 22:164. [PMID: 38632600 PMCID: PMC11025198 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic benefits of bariatric surgery that contribute to the alleviation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have been reported. However, the processes and mechanisms underlying the contribution of lipid metabolic reprogramming after bariatric surgery to attenuating MASLD remain elusive. METHODS A case-control study was designed to evaluate the impact of three of the most common adipokines (Nrg4, leptin, and adiponectin) on hepatic steatosis in the early recovery phase following sleeve gastrectomy (SG). A series of rodent and cell line experiments were subsequently used to determine the role and mechanism of secreted adipokines following SG in the alleviation of MASLD. RESULTS In morbidly obese patients, an increase in circulating Nrg4 levels is associated with the alleviation of hepatic steatosis in the early recovery phase following SG before remarkable weight loss. The temporal parameters of the mice confirmed that an increase in circulating Nrg4 levels was initially stimulated by SG and contributed to the beneficial effect of SG on hepatic lipid deposition. Moreover, this occurred early following bariatric surgery. Mechanistically, gain- and loss-of-function studies in mice or cell lines revealed that circulating Nrg4 activates ErbB4, which could positively regulate fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes to reduce intracellular lipid deposition. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the rapid effect of SG on hepatic lipid metabolic reprogramming mediated by circulating Nrg4 alleviates MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Dongzi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chaofan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenyue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yining He
- Biostatistics Office of Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Meiyi Li
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Song YF, Bai ZY, Lai XH, Luo Z, Hogstrand C. Ip3r-Grp75-Vdac and Relevant Ca 2+ Signaling Regulate Dietary Palmitic Acid-Induced De Novo Lipogenesis by Mitochondria-Associated ER Membrane (MAM) Recruiting Seipin in Yellow Catfish. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00224-4. [PMID: 38641205 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) is the central hub for endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria functional communication. It plays a crucial role in hepatic lipid homeostasis. However, even though MAM has been acknowledged to be rich in enzymes that contribute to lipid biosynthesis, no study has yet investigated the exact role of MAM on hepatic neutral lipid synthesis. OBJECTIVES To address these gaps, this study investigated the systemic control mechanisms of MAM on neutral lipids synthesis by recruiting seipin, focusing on the role of the inositol trisphosphate receptor-1,4,5(Ip3r)-75 kDa glucose-regulated protein (Grp75)-voltage-dependent anion channel (Vdac) complex and their relevant Ca2+ signaling in this process. METHODS To this end, a model animal for lipid metabolism, yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), were fed 6 different diets containing a range of palmitic acid (PA) concentrations from 0-150 g/kg in vivo for 10 wk. In vitro, experiments were also conducted to intercept the MAM-mediated Ca2+ signaling in isolated hepatocytes by transfecting them with si-mitochondrial calcium uniporter (mcu). Because mcu was placed in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), si-mcu cannot disrupt MAM's structural integrity. RESULTS 1. Hepatocellular MAM subproteome analysis indicated excessive dietary PA intake enhanced hepatic MAM structure joined by activating Ip3r-Grp75-Vdac complexes. 2. Dietary PA intake induced hepatic neutral lipid accumulation through MAM recruiting Seipin, which activated lipid droplet biogenesis. Our findings also revealed a previously unidentified mechanism whereby MAM-recruited seipin and controlled hepatic lipid homeostasis, depending on Ip3r-Grp75-Vdac-controlled Ca2+ signaling and not only MAM's structural integrity. CONCLUSIONS These results offer a novel insight into the MAM-recruited seipin in controlling hepatic lipid synthesis in a MAM structural integrity-dependent and Ca2+ signaling-dependent manner, highlighting the critical contribution of MAM in maintaining hepatic neutral lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Lai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Eiras S, González-Juanatey JR. Endocrine activity of dysfunctional adipose tissue: Cardiovascular risk and progression markers. Int J Cardiol 2024; 401:131816. [PMID: 38307420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José R González-Juanatey
- Coronary Unit and Cardiology department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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37
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Fu Y, Wang Z, Qin H. Examining the Pathogenesis of MAFLD and the Medicinal Properties of Natural Products from a Metabolic Perspective. Metabolites 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38668346 PMCID: PMC11052500 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized primarily by hepatic steatosis, has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately two-fifths of the global population. The pathogenesis of MAFLD is extremely complex, and to date, there are no approved therapeutic drugs for clinical use. Considerable evidence indicates that various metabolic disorders play a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD, including lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and micronutrients. In recent years, the medicinal properties of natural products have attracted widespread attention, and numerous studies have reported their efficacy in ameliorating metabolic disorders and subsequently alleviating MAFLD. This review aims to summarize the metabolic-associated pathological mechanisms of MAFLD, as well as the natural products that regulate metabolic pathways to alleviate MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.F.); (Z.W.)
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Chen C, Xie L, Zhang M, Shama, Cheng KKY, Jia W. The interplay between the muscle and liver in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad073. [PMID: 38095440 PMCID: PMC11078061 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shama
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth King Yip Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Kounatidis D, Vallianou NG, Geladari E, Panoilia MP, Daskou A, Stratigou T, Karampela I, Tsilingiris D, Dalamaga M. NAFLD in the 21st Century: Current Knowledge Regarding Its Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2024; 12:826. [PMID: 38672181 PMCID: PMC11048710 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health issue worldwide. It is the most common liver disease in Western countries, andits global prevalence is estimated to be up to 35%. However, its diagnosis may be elusive, because liver biopsy is relatively rarely performed and usually only in advanced stages of the disease. Therefore, several non-invasive scores may be applied to more easily diagnose and monitor NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the various biomarkers and imaging scores that could be useful in diagnosing and managing NAFLD. Despite the fact that general measures, such as abstinence from alcohol and modulation of other cardiovascular disease risk factors, should be applied, the mainstay of prevention and management is weight loss. Bariatric surgery may be suggested as a means to confront NAFLD. In addition, pharmacological treatment with GLP-1 analogues or the GIP agonist tirzepatide may be advisable. In this review, we focus on the utility of GLP-1 analogues and GIP agonists in lowering body weight, their pharmaceutical potential, and their safety profile, as already evidenced inanimal and human studies. We also elaborate on other options, such as the use of vitamin E, probiotics, especially next-generation probiotics, and prebiotics in this context. Finally, we explore future perspectives regarding the administration of GLP-1 analogues, GIP agonists, and probiotics/prebiotics as a means to prevent and combat NAFLD. The newest drugs pegozafermin and resmetiron, which seem to be very promising, arealso discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 114 Vassilissis Sofias str, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Natalia G. Vallianou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogliou str, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Geladari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45–47Ipsilantou str, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Paraskevi Panoilia
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogliou str, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Daskou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogliou str, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45–47Ipsilantou str, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, Attikon General University Hospital, University of Athens, 1 Rimini str., 12461 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Demokritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str., 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Rajak S. Dynamics of cellular plasticity in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167102. [PMID: 38422712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a pathogenic stage of the broader non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Histological presentation of NASH includes hepatocyte ballooning, macrophage polarization, ductular reaction, and hepatic stellate cell (HSCs) activation. At a cellular level, a heterogenous population of cells such as hepatocytes, macrophages, cholangiocytes, and HSCs undergo dramatic intra-cellular changes in response to extracellular triggers, which are termed "cellular plasticity. This dynamic switch in the cellular structure and function of hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells and their crosstalk culminates in the perpetuation of inflammation and fibrosis in NASH. This review presents an overview of our current understanding of cellular plasticity in NASH and its molecular mechanisms, along with possible targeting to develop cell-specific NASH therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India.
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41
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Hagberg CE, Spalding KL. White adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-associated pathologies in humans. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:270-289. [PMID: 38086922 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and associated chronic diseases continues to increase worldwide, negatively impacting on societies and economies. Whereas the association between excess body weight and increased risk for developing a multitude of diseases is well established, the initiating mechanisms by which weight gain impairs our metabolic health remain surprisingly contested. In order to better address the myriad of disease states associated with obesity, it is essential to understand adipose tissue dysfunction and develop strategies for reinforcing adipocyte health. In this Review we outline the diverse physiological functions and pathological roles of human white adipocytes, examining our current knowledge of why white adipocytes are vital for systemic metabolic control, yet poorly adapted to our current obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty L Spalding
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Asiwe JN, Ojetola AA, Ekene NE, Osirim E, Nnamudi AC, Oritsemuelebi B, Onuelu JE, Asiwe N, Eruotor HO, Inegbenehi S. Pleiotropic attenuating effect of Ginkgo biloba against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction via improving Bcl-2/mTOR/ERK1/2/Na +, K +-ATPase activities. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:282-292. [PMID: 38706831 PMCID: PMC11064635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Myocardial infarction (MI) is linked to an imbalance in the supply and demand of blood oxygen in the heart muscles. Beta-blockers and calcium antagonists are just two of the common medications used to treat MI. However, these have reportedly been shown to be either ineffective or to have undesirable side effects. Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBE), a Chinese herbal product offers special compatibility benefits in therapeutic settings relating to inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress. In order to better understand how GBE affects MI in rats insulted by isoprenaline (ISO), the current study was designed. Methods The heart weight index, serum lipid profile, cardiac marker enzymes, endogenous antioxidants [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), nitrites and malondialdehyde (MDA)], inflammatory mediators [tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], immunohistochemical expressions of B-cell lymphoma factor-2 (Bcl-2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and histopathological analysis were used to assess the cardioprotective properties of GBE. Results The findings showed that GBE effectively attenuated myocardial infarction by boosting the body's natural antioxidant defense system and reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines as well as heart injury marker enzymes. The expression of Bcl-2, ERK1/2 and mTOR was increased while the histomorphological alterations were reversed. Conclusion The cardioprotective effects of GBE may be due to a mechanism involving increased Bcl-2/mTOR/ERK1/2/Na+, K+-ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ndudi Asiwe
- Department of Physiology, Delta State University, Abraka 1, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 3017, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas Asiwe
- Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Choba 5323, Nigeria
| | | | - Saviour Inegbenehi
- Department of Biochemistry, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt 500211, Nigeria
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Wang Y, Song W, Yuan Q, Mai M, Luo M, Fan J, Zhang P, Guo H. Serum remnant cholesterol is a potential predictor of liver stiffness in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:469-479. [PMID: 38131633 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2294693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with dyslipidemia, and the connection between dyslipidemia and remnant cholesterol (RC), a component of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, remains enigmatic. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, our primary aim was to investigate the role of RC in the progression of NAFLD and to provide robust evidence of RC's involvement in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We enrolled 2800 NAFLD patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between serum RC levels and liver stiffness, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic capability of RC. RESULTS RC exhibited an independent correlation with the extent of liver stiffness, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.02 for liver steatosis (p = 0.014) and 1.02 for liver fibrosis (p = 0.014). To predict NAFLD, the optimal RC thresholds were 17.25 mg/dL for males and 15.25 mg/dL for females in the case of liver steatosis. For advanced liver fibrosis, the best thresholds were 17.25 mg/dL for males and 16.25 mg/dL for females. CONCLUSIONS RC demonstrated a positive correlation with the degree of liver stiffness and exhibited superior diagnostic efficacy for liver steatosis and fibrosis compared to other cholesterol indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wanhan Song
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiqing Mai
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiahua Fan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Ogunjinmi OE, Oriyomi VO, Olaogun RA, Gbadegesin AT. Storage and time course effects on the quality of oil extracted from Phyllanthus amarus Schumach and Annona muricata Linn and their antidiabetic potentials. BIOTECHNOLOGIA 2024; 105:41-53. [PMID: 38633891 PMCID: PMC11020154 DOI: 10.5114/bta.2024.135641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With the advent of modern technology, advancements in processing and storage techniques, and increasing medical knowledge, people are becoming aware of deterioration in the quality of medicinal products due to storage methods and time. In most cases, herbal products are not consumed immediately after production; as such, improper storage can result in physical, chemical, and microbiological changes. The study evaluated the effect of storage methods and time on the quality of oil extracted from Phyllanthus amarus Schumach and Annona muricata Linn and assessed their antidiabetic and antioxidative effects. Plants were air-dried, pulverized, and then subjected to Soxhlet extraction in petroleum ether. The oil was evaluated for phytochemical constituents and the effects of time and storage methods on its physicochemical properties. Characterization of the oil was done by spectroscopic techniques. Oils from both plants contained tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, phlobotannins, resins, reducing sugar, phenols, and saponins in different proportions. The oil from A. muricata had higher phenolic (3.11 ± 0.31 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (11.82 ± 0.08 mg QUE/g), alkaloid (16.37 ± 0.56 mg APE/g), and tannin (7.13 ± 0.47 mg CE/g) contents than the oil from P. amarus, which had 0.54 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g, 7.83 ± 0.13 mg QUE/g, 9.87 ± 0.15 mg APE, and 3.16 ± 0.12 mg CE/g for total phenolic, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, respectively. Initial acid, iodine, peroxide, and saponification values recorded for P. amarus were 5.63 ± 0.82 mg KOH/g, 97.17 ±0.53 Wijis, 9.31 ± 0.15 mEq/kg, and 116.11 ± 0.74 mg KOH/g, respectively, significantly different from those of A. muricata , which had values of 1.17 ± 0.08 mg KOH, 76.23 ± 0.03 Wijis, 6.75 ± 0.47 mEq/kg, and 193.31 ± 0.52 mg KOH/g, respectively. FT-IR characterization of the oils revealed the presence of carboxylic acid, alkyl, alkene, alkane, haloalkane, aldehyde, aromatic amine, α-unsaturated and β-unsaturated esters, and phenol functional groups. P. amarus oil inhibited α-amylase (IC50 0.17 ± 0.03 mg/ml), α-glucosidase (IC50 0.64 ± 0.03 mg/ml), and xanthine oxidase (0.70 ± 0.01 mg/ml) to a greater extent than A. muricata oil, with IC50 values of 0.43 ± 0.05 mg/ml (α-amylase), 2.25 ± 0.31 mg/ml (α-glucosidase), and 0.78 ± 0.07 mg/ml (xanthine oxidase). This study showed that oils from the tested plants have low rancidity with a moderate shelf life. The extracts contained essential phytoconstituents that significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase. These effects of the oil indicate their potential to prevent diabetes, gout, and oxidative stress. Consequently, the supply of P. amarus and A. muricata in homemade diets is strongly encouraged for healthy living.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent O. Oriyomi
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Richard A. Olaogun
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Zhang X, Li J, Yang M, Huang H, Wang H, Zhang H. Accurate and sensitive low-density lipoprotein (LDL) detection based on the proximity ligation assisted rolling circle amplification (RCA). ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1894-1900. [PMID: 38482952 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the leading causes of mortality from chronic diseases worldwide, and it is strongly linked to dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia typically presents as an elevated concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL). Hence, accurate quantification of LDL particles is crucial for predicting the risks of cardiovascular illnesses. Nevertheless, conventional techniques can merely provide indirect measurements of LDL particle concentrations through the detection of cholesterol or proteins within LDL particles, and they often require significant effort and time. Therefore, an accurate and effective method for identifying intact LDL particles is highly desired. We have devised a method that allows for the measurement of LDL concentration without the need for isolation. This method relies on proximity ligation rolling circle amplification (RCA). This technique enables the direct and precise measurement of the concentration of "actual" LDL particles, rather than measuring the cholesterol content inside LDL. It has a detection limit of 7.3 μg dL-1, which also meets the requirements for analyzing lipoproteins in clinical samples. Hence, this platform exhibits immense potential in clinical applications and health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, No. 199, Renxing Road, Chongqing, China 401121.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China 400016
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, No. 199, Renxing Road, Chongqing, China 401121.
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China 401121
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China 400016
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, No. 199, Renxing Road, Chongqing, China 401121.
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Hao P, Yang X, Yin W, Wang X, Ling Y, Zhu M, Yu Y, Chen S, Yuan Y, Quan X, Xu Z, Zhang J, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Song C, Xu Q, Qin S, Wu Y, Shu X, Wei K. A study on the treatment effects of Crataegus pinnatifida polysaccharide on non-alcoholic fatty liver in mice by modulating gut microbiota. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1383801. [PMID: 38601914 PMCID: PMC11006196 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1383801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Crataegus pinnatifida polysaccharide (CPP) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. The findings demonstrated that CPP improved free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and effectively reduced liver steatosis and epididymal fat weight in NAFLD mice, as well as decreased serum levels of TG, TC, AST, ALT, and LDL-C. Furthermore, CPP exhibited inhibitory effects on the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes FASN and ACC while activating the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes CPT1A and PPARα. Additionally, CPP reversed disturbances in intestinal microbiota composition caused by HFD consumption. CPP decreased the firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, increased Akkermansia abundance, and elevated levels of total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content specifically butyric acid and acetic acid. Our results concluded that CPP may intervene in the development of NAFLD by regulating of intes-tinal microbiota imbalance and SCFAs production. Our study highlights that CPP has a potential to modulate lipid-related pathways via alterations to gut microbiome composition thereby ex-erting inhibitory effects on obesity and NAFLD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyao Zhu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shouhai Chen
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Quan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- College of Medicine (Institute of Translational Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunlian Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuangshuang Qin
- National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianghua Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production and Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials/Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
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Zhao Y, Yuan X, Lin T, Yang Q, Jiang X, Yang S, Qiu Y. Combined impact of alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome on liver dysfunction in an elderly Chinese population. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:74. [PMID: 38519973 PMCID: PMC10960482 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome(MetS), both prevalent in the general population, frequently co-occur. They are recognized as significant contributors to liver dysfunction, yet their combined effect is often challenging to delineate. This study delves into the compounding influence of alcohol consumption and metabolic disorder on liver dysfunction within an elderly demographic in Zhejiang Province, China. Our findings spotlight a heightened risk of liver dysfunction among females, younger individuals, rural dwellers, those with minimal educational attainment, single individuals, and those diagnosed with MetS. We also discerned a positive correlation correlation between the number of MetS components and the propensity for liver dysfunction. Furthermore, the risk of liver dysfunction escalated in tandem with the frequency of alcohol consumption. Interestingly, a prolonged abstinence period (≥ 5 years) seemed to mitigate this risk. Our research underscores the significance of refraining from excessive alcohol consumption, embracing a healthy lifestyle, and managing MetS components-especially triglyceride levels-for effective prevention of liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Tianxiang Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xuewen Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Song Yang
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Yinwei Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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Ravaut G, Carneiro A, Mounier C. Exploring the impacts of ketogenic diet on reversible hepatic steatosis: initial analysis in male mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1290540. [PMID: 38577162 PMCID: PMC10991688 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1290540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Ketogenic diet (KD), a diet with very low intake in carbohydrates, gained popularity as a weight-loss approach. However, in mice models, it has been reported that an excess exposition of dietary fat induces hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. However, data published is inconsistent. Herein, we investigated in a mouse model, the metabolic effects of KD and its contribution to the pathogenesis of NALFD. Mice were exposed to KD or CHOW diet for 12 weeks while a third group was exposed to KD for also 12 weeks and then switched to CHOW diet for 4 weeks to determine if we can rescue the phenotype. We evaluated the effects of diet treatments on fat distribution, glucose, and insulin homeostasis as well as hepatic steatosis. Mice fed with KD developed glucose intolerance but not insulin resistance accompanied by an increase of inflammation. KD-fed mice showed an increase of fat accumulation in white adipose tissue and liver. This effect could be explained by an increase in fat uptake by the liver with no changes of catabolism leading to MAFLD. Interestingly, we were able to rescue the phenotype by switching KD-fed mice for 4 weeks on a CHOW diet. Our studies demonstrate that even if mice develop hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance after 12 weeks of KD, they do not develop insulin resistance and more importantly, the phenotype can be reversed by switching the mice from a KD to a CHOW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine Mounier
- CERMO-FC Research Center, Molecular Metabolism of Lipids Laboratory, Biological Sciences Department, University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
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Liu C, Zhang Z, Li B, Huang K, Zhang Y, Li M, Letcher RJ. Lipid Metabolic Disorders Induced by Organophosphate Esters in Silver Carp from the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4904-4913. [PMID: 38437168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The Yangtze River fishery resources have declined strongly over the past few decades. One suspected reason for the decline in fishery productivity, including silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), has been linked to organophosphate esters (OPEs) contaminant exposure. In this study, the adverse effect of OPEs on lipid metabolism in silver carp captured from the Yangtze River was examined, and our results indicated that muscle concentrations of the OPEs were positively associated with serum cholesterol and total lipid levels. In vivo laboratory results revealed that exposure to environmental concentrations of OPEs significantly increased the concentrations of triglyceride, cholesterol, and total lipid levels. Lipidome analysis further confirmed the lipid metabolism dysfunction induced by OPEs, and glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids were the most affected lipids. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis found that OPEs caused significant alterations in the transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Pathways associated with lipid homeostasis, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signal pathway, cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis, were significantly changed. Furthermore, the affinities of OPEs were different, but the 11 OPEs tested could bind with PPARγ, suggesting that OPEs could disrupt lipid metabolism by interacting with PPARγ. Overall, this study highlighted the harmful effects of OPEs on wild fish and provided mechanistic insights into OPE-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Boqun Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa K1S 5B6 Ontario, Canada
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50
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Li X, Xia X, Jiang B, Yao Y, Ding F, Qin S. Higher serum chromium level may be associated with the presentation of depression in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: evidence from NHANES survey. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1330283. [PMID: 38563024 PMCID: PMC10982505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1330283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depressive symptoms are frequently observed in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), a prevalent metabolic disorder that affects many individuals. It is not yet clear whether there is an association between serum chromium levels and depression. Objective The purpose of this research was to explore the association between serum chromium level and the manifestation of depression among patients with MAFLD. Methods The selection of 1837 patients diagnosed with MAFLD was based on data obtained from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in this research. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was employed to evaluate the severity of depression. The researchers utilized logistic regression models that were weighted for multiple variables to investigate the association between depression and serum chromium levels. Results In our study, we found that 8.98% of US adults with MAFLD were suffering from depression at the time of evaluation. In the logistic regression model, serum chromium levels showed an inverse association with depression (OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.69-0.96; p=0.016), this relationship remained after adjusting for fully confounding factors (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.71-0.97; p=0.021), subgroup analyses showed that the association between serum chromium levels and depression existed in relatively high-prevalence of depression groups. Conclusion Patients diagnosed with MAFLD have a greater likelihood of experiencing depression, whereas individuals with higher levels of serum chromium are less likely to suffer from depression, and this association persists even after adjusting for other factors. These findings indicate supplementing chromium may be a viable treatment for their depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Xuezhong Xia
- Department of Nursing, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Bolin Jiang
- Department of Nursing, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Fengjiao Ding
- Department of Mental Health, No. 1 Middle School, Yiyang, China
| | - Shanyu Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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