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Isayama K, Rini DM, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Propionate regulates tight junction barrier by increasing endothelial-cell selective adhesion molecule in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Exp Cell Res 2023; 425:113528. [PMID: 36842619 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the intestinal barrier is closely associated with intestinal microbial metabolism. This study investigated the role of propionate, a major short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microorganisms, in the regulation of the tight junction (TJ) barrier in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Propionate strengthened TJ barrier integrity, as indicated by decreased permeability to macromolecules and increased transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco-2 cells. DNA microarray analysis revealed that propionate upregulated endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM), a TJ-associated protein, without any increase in other TJ proteins. The upregulation of ESAM was confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analyses. Luciferase promoter analysis demonstrated that propionate induced the transcriptional activation of ESAM. The effects of propionate were sensitive to nilotinib inhibition of NR2C2. Overexpression of human ESAM (hESAM) in canine kidney epithelial MDCK-II cells lowered the permeability to macromolecules in a manner similar to that of propionate-treated Caco-2 cells. hESAM overexpression facilitated calcium-induced assembly of the TJ complex in MDCK-II cells. Taken together, propionate strengthened the intestinal TJ barrier by increasing ESAM levels in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Isayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Dina Mustika Rini
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran", Surabaya, Jawa Timur, 60294, Indonesia
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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2
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Lecca M, Pehlivan D, Suñer DH, Weiss K, Coste T, Zweier M, Oktay Y, Danial-Farran N, Rosti V, Bonasoni MP, Malara A, Contrò G, Zuntini R, Pollazzon M, Pascarella R, Neri A, Fusco C, Marafi D, Mitani T, Posey JE, Bayramoglu SE, Gezdirici A, Hernandez-Rodriguez J, Cladera EA, Miravet E, Roldan-Busto J, Ruiz MA, Bauzá CV, Ben-Sira L, Sigaudy S, Begemann A, Unger S, Güngör S, Hiz S, Sonmezler E, Zehavi Y, Jerdev M, Balduini A, Zuffardi O, Horvath R, Lochmüller H, Rauch A, Garavelli L, Tournier-Lasserve E, Spiegel R, Lupski JR, Errichiello E. Bi-allelic variants in the ESAM tight-junction gene cause a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:681-690. [PMID: 36996813 PMCID: PMC10119151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an essential gatekeeper for the central nervous system and incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is higher in infants with a history of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We discovered a rare disease trait in thirteen individuals, including four fetuses, from eight unrelated families associated with homozygous loss-of-function variant alleles of ESAM which encodes an endothelial cell adhesion molecule. The c.115del (p.Arg39Glyfs∗33) variant, identified in six individuals from four independent families of Southeastern Anatolia, severely impaired the in vitro tubulogenic process of endothelial colony-forming cells, recapitulating previous evidence in null mice, and caused lack of ESAM expression in the capillary endothelial cells of damaged brain. Affected individuals with bi-allelic ESAM variants showed profound global developmental delay/unspecified intellectual disability, epilepsy, absent or severely delayed speech, varying degrees of spasticity, ventriculomegaly, and ICH/cerebral calcifications, the latter being also observed in the fetuses. Phenotypic traits observed in individuals with bi-allelic ESAM variants overlap very closely with other known conditions characterized by endothelial dysfunction due to mutation of genes encoding tight junction molecules. Our findings emphasize the role of brain endothelial dysfunction in NDDs and contribute to the expansion of an emerging group of diseases that we propose to rename as "tightjunctionopathies."
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lecca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Damià Heine Suñer
- Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; Genomics of Health, Institute of Health Research of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Karin Weiss
- Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Thibault Coste
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Moléculaire Neurovasculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-1141 Neurodiderot, Paris, France
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yavuz Oktay
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir 35340, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey
| | | | - Vittorio Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Malara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Contrò
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberta Zuntini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marzia Pollazzon
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Rosario Pascarella
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Neri
- Ophthalmology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dana Marafi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Tadahiro Mitani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Ellen Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sadik Etka Bayramoglu
- Tertiary ROP Center, Health Science University Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey
| | | | - Emilia Amengual Cladera
- Genomics of Health, Institute of Health Research of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Elena Miravet
- Metabolic Pathologies and Pediatric Neurology Unit, Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jorge Roldan-Busto
- Pediatric Radiology Unit, Radiology Service, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - María Angeles Ruiz
- Metabolic Pathologies and Pediatric Neurology Unit, Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Cristofol Vives Bauzá
- Neurobiology, Institute of Health Research of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Liat Ben-Sira
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sabine Sigaudy
- AP-HM, Service de Génétique, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Anaïs Begemann
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sheila Unger
- Medical Genetics Service, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serdal Güngör
- Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Research Center, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Semra Hiz
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey; Department of Pediatric Neurology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey
| | - Ece Sonmezler
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir 35340, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey
| | - Yoav Zehavi
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Department of Pediatrics B, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Michael Jerdev
- Poriya Medical Center and the Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland; University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Moléculaire Neurovasculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-1141 Neurodiderot, Paris, France
| | - Ronen Spiegel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Department of Pediatrics B, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edoardo Errichiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Kobayashi H, Looker HC, Satake E, Saulnier PJ, Md Dom ZI, O'Neil K, Ihara K, Krolewski B, Galecki AT, Niewczas MA, Wilson JM, Doria A, Duffin KL, Nelson RG, Krolewski AS. Results of untargeted analysis using the SOMAscan proteomics platform indicates novel associations of circulating proteins with risk of progression to kidney failure in diabetes. Kidney Int 2022; 102:370-381. [PMID: 35618095 PMCID: PMC9333266 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study applies a large proteomics panel to search for new circulating biomarkers associated with progression to kidney failure in individuals with diabetic kidney disease. Four independent cohorts encompassing 754 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and early and late diabetic kidney disease were followed to ascertain progression to kidney failure. During ten years of follow-up, 227 of 754 individuals progressed to kidney failure. Using the SOMAscan proteomics platform, we measured baseline concentration of 1129 circulating proteins. In our previous publications, we analyzed 334 of these proteins that were members of specific candidate pathways involved in diabetic kidney disease and found 35 proteins strongly associated with risk of progression to kidney failure. Here, we examined the remaining 795 proteins using an untargeted approach. Of these remaining proteins, 11 were significantly associated with progression to kidney failure. Biological processes previously reported for these proteins were related to neuron development (DLL1, MATN2, NRX1B, KLK8, RTN4R and ROR1) and were implicated in the development of kidney fibrosis (LAYN, DLL1, MAPK11, MATN2, endostatin, and ROR1) in cellular and animal studies. Specific mechanisms that underlie involvement of these proteins in progression of diabetic kidney disease must be further investigated to assess their value as targets for kidney-protective therapies. Using multivariable LASSO regression analysis, five proteins (LAYN, ESAM, DLL1, MAPK11 and endostatin) were found independently associated with risk of progression to kidney failure. Thus, our study identified proteins that may be considered as new candidate prognostic biomarkers to predict risk of progression to kidney failure in diabetic kidney disease. Furthermore, three of these proteins (DLL1, ESAM, and MAPK11) were selected as candidate biomarkers when all SOMAscan results were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kobayashi
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Devision of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Eiichiro Satake
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierre Jean Saulnier
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA; CHU Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Zaipul I Md Dom
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristina O'Neil
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katsuhito Ihara
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bozena Krolewski
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrzej T Galecki
- Cognitive Health Services Research Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monika A Niewczas
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Wilson
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin L Duffin
- Diabetes and Complication Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Andrzej S Krolewski
- Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Hassanpour M, Biray Avci Ç, Rahbarghazi R, Rezabakhsh A, Nourazarian A, Nabat E, Fathi F, Khaksar M. Resveratrol reduced the detrimental effects of malondialdehyde on human endothelial cells. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 13:131-140. [PMID: 34326967 PMCID: PMC8302894 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: According to the statistics, vascular injury occurs during the onset of diabetic changes after the production of several byproducts. Many authorities have focused to find an alternative therapy for diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of natural polyphenol like resveratrol on human endothelial cells exposed to malondialdehyde for 48 hours. Methods: Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells were randomly classified into four groups;control, malondialdehyde (2.5 mM), resveratrol (100 μM), and cells received the combined regime for 48 hours. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl) 2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Griess reaction was performed to measure the content of Nitric oxide (NO).Apoptosis was studied by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting assays. Levels of receptor tyrosine kinases like VEGFR-1, -2, Tie-1, and -2 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The affinity of resveratrol and malondialdehyde to serum albumin was measured by Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay. Any changes in chromatin remodeling were detected by PCR array analysis. Results: Resveratrol reduced cytotoxicity and NO content inside cells induced by malondialdehyde(MDA) (P < 0.05). Endothelial cell apoptosis was decreased by the reduction of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and increase of Bcl-2 following the incubation with resveratrol (P < 0.05). MDA-induced receptor tyrosine kinases increase was inhibited by resveratrol and reached near-to-normal levels (P < 0.05).Surface Plasmon Resonance revealed a higher affinity of resveratrol to albumin compared to the malondialdehyde-albumin complex. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array revealed the potency of resveratrol in chromatin remodeling following the treatment with malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, resveratrol has the potential to decrease diabetic vascular injury induced by lipid byproducts such as MDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Çıgır Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Nabat
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Majid Khaksar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Sol M, Kamps JAAM, van den Born J, van den Heuvel MC, van der Vlag J, Krenning G, Hillebrands JL. Glomerular Endothelial Cells as Instigators of Glomerular Sclerotic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:573557. [PMID: 33123011 PMCID: PMC7573930 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.573557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) dysfunction is important in the pathogenesis of glomerular sclerotic diseases, including Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and overt diabetic nephropathy (DN). GEnCs form the first cellular barrier in direct contact with cells and factors circulating in the blood. Disturbances in these circulating factors can induce GEnC dysfunction. GEnC dysfunction occurs in early stages of FSGS and DN, and is characterized by a compromised endothelial glycocalyx, an inflammatory phenotype, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, aberrant cell signaling, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). GEnCs are in an interdependent relationship with podocytes and mesangial cells, which involves bidirectional cross-talk via intercellular signaling. Given that GEnC behavior directly influences podocyte function, it is conceivable that GEnC dysfunction may culminate in podocyte damage, proteinuria, subsequent mesangial activation, and ultimately glomerulosclerosis. Indeed, GEnC dysfunction is sufficient to cause podocyte injury, proteinuria and activation of mesangial cells. Aberrant gene expression patterns largely contribute to GEnC dysfunction and epigenetic changes seem to be involved in causing aberrant transcription. This review summarizes literature that uncovers the importance of cross-talk between GEnCs and podocytes, and GEnCs and mesangial cells in the context of the development of FSGS and DN, and the potential use of GEnCs as efficacious cellular target to pharmacologically halt development and progression of DN and FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Sol
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan A A M Kamps
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jacob van den Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marius C van den Heuvel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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6
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Eftekhari A, Vahed SZ, Kavetskyy T, Rameshrad M, Jafari S, Chodari L, Hosseiniyan SM, Derakhshankhah H, Ahmadian E, Ardalan M. Cell junction proteins: Crossing the glomerular filtration barrier in diabetic nephropathy. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:475-482. [PMID: 31962072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy as a deleterious complication of diabetes mellitus and an important cause of end-stage renal failure is characterized by changes in the molecular and cellular levels. Cell-cell communication via the gap and tight junctions are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases such as diabetes and kidney failure. Studying cell junctions including gap junctions, tight junctions, and anchoring junctions within the nephron can be used as an early sign of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, cell junctions may be an upcoming target by pharmacological methods to improve treatments of diabetic nephropathy and pave the way to introduce promising therapeutic strategies based on cell-cell communications effects and its translation into clinical studies for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Eftekhari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine; The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Maryam Rameshrad
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Samira Jafari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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Zhang X, Low S, Ang K, Yeoh LY, Tavintharan S, Sum CF, Lim SC. Microvascular endothelial function is an independent predictor for albuminuria progression among Asians with type 2 diabetes-A prospective cohort study. Microcirculation 2018; 25:e12453. [PMID: 29602193 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to investigate whether microvascular endothelial dysfunction is an independent predictor for future albuminuria progression in T2DM cohort. METHODS A total of 1098 patients with T2DM were clinically assessed at baseline and 3.2-year follow-up. Progression was defined as transition from normoalbuminuria (ACR <30 mg/g) to microalbuminuria (ACR = 30-299 mg/g) or macroalbuminuria (ACR >300 mg/g), or microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria. Microvascular endothelial vasodilation at baseline was quantified using LDF. The increase in perfusion in response to ACh and NaNP was calculated. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the OR for albuminuria progression. RESULTS Albuminuria progression occurred in 226 (20.6%) patients. Baseline ACh was significantly higher in nonprogression than progression group (80.0 ± 53.2% vs 72.0 ± 49.7%, P = .04). There is no significant difference in NaNP between the two groups (111.1 ± 80.3% vs 121.1 ± 87.4%, P = .12). After multivariable adjustment, 1-SD increase in ACh was marginally associated with albuminuria progression (OR = 0.87, 95% CI, 0.72-1.02, P = .08) in all patients. When stratified by baseline albuminuria, 1-SD increase in ACh was significantly associated with albuminuria progression in normoalbuminuria (OR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.59-0.97, P = .03), but not in microalbuminuria patients (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 0.81-1.70, P = .39). CONCLUSIONS Impaired endothelial-dependent microvascular reactivity predicts the onset of albuminuria progression among T2DM patients with normoalbuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Serena Low
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lee Ying Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subramaniam Tavintharan
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Fang Sum
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Alicic RZ, Johnson EJ, Tuttle KR. Inflammatory Mechanisms as New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Kidney Disease. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2018; 25:181-191. [PMID: 29580582 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Approximately 30-40% of people with diabetes develop this microvascular complication, placing them at high risk of losing kidney function as well as of cardiovascular events, infections, and death. Current therapies are ineffective for arresting kidney disease progression and mitigating risks of comorbidities and death among patients with DKD. As the global count of people with diabetes will soon exceed 400 million, the need for effective and safe treatment options for complications such as DKD becomes ever more urgent. Recently, the understanding of DKD pathogenesis has evolved to recognize inflammation as a major underlying mechanism of kidney damage. In turn, inflammatory mediators have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for DKD. Phase 2 clinical trials testing inhibitors of monocyte-chemotactic protein-1 chemokine C-C motif-ligand 2 and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, in particular, have produced promising results.
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9
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Tong F, Liu S, Yan B, Li X, Ruan S, Yang S. Quercetin nanoparticle complex attenuated diabetic nephropathy via regulating the expression level of ICAM-1 on endothelium. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7799-7813. [PMID: 29123394 PMCID: PMC5661459 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s146978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to reveal the therapeutic effect of quercetin (QUE) nanoparticle complex on diabetic nephropathy (DN) by regulating the expression of intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1) on endothelium as compared to free QUE. QUE 10 mg/kg as a single abdominal subcutaneous injection daily for 8 weeks continuously in diabetic rats and 10 mg/kg QUE nanoparticle complex as a single abdominal subcutaneous injection every 5 days, continuously administered for 8 weeks to diabetic rats. Blood and left kidneys were collected; pathological change of kidney, renal function, oxidative stress level, blood glucose level, serum lipid, urine protein, and albumin/creatinine ratio were measured; and neutrophil adhesion, ICAM-1 expression, and CD11b+ cells infiltration were observed. Both QUE and QUE nanoparticle complex preconditioning ameliorated the pathological damage of kidney and improved renal function, alleviated renal oxidative stress injury, restricted inflammatory cells infiltration, and downregulated the ICAM-1 expression as compared to DN group, while QUE nanoparticle complex significantly alleviated this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Provincial Key Discipline of Pharmacology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang
| | - Suhuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Shiwei Ruan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen
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10
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Bus P, Scharpfenecker M, Van Der Wilk P, Wolterbeek R, Bruijn JA, Baelde HJ. The VEGF-A inhibitor sFLT-1 improves renal function by reducing endothelial activation and inflammation in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2017; 60. [PMID: 28620823 PMCID: PMC5552850 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Animal models of diabetic nephropathy show increased levels of glomerular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and several studies have shown that inhibiting VEGF-A in animal models of diabetes can prevent albuminuria and glomerular hypertrophy. However, in those studies, treatment was initiated before the onset of kidney damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether transfecting mice with the VEGF-A inhibitor sFlt-1 (encoding soluble fms-related tyrosine kinase 1) can reverse pre-existing kidney damage in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. In addition, we investigated whether transfection with sFlt-1 can reduce endothelial activation and inflammation in these mice. METHODS Subgroups of untreated 8-week-old female C57BL/6J control (n = 5) and diabetic mice (n = 7) were euthanised 5 weeks after the start of the experiment in order to determine the degree of kidney damage prior to treatment with sFLT-1. Diabetes was induced with three i.p. injections of streptozotocin (75 mg/kg) administered at 2 day intervals. Diabetic nephropathy was then investigated in diabetic mice transfected with sFlt-1 (n = 6); non-diabetic, non-transfected control mice (n = 5); non-diabetic control mice transfected with sFlt-1(n = 10); and non-transfected diabetic mice (n = 6). These mice were euthanised at the end of week 15. Transfection with sFlt-1 was performed in week 6. RESULTS We found that transfection with sFlt-1 significantly reduced kidney damage by normalising albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix content (i.e. glomerular collagen type IV protein levels) (p < 0.001). We also found that transfection with sFlt-1 reduced endothelial activation (p < 0.001), glomerular macrophage infiltration (p < 0.001) and glomerular TNF-α protein levels (p < 0.001). Finally, sFLT-1 decreased VEGF-A-induced endothelial activation in vitro (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that sFLT-1 might be beneficial in treating diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting VEGF-A, thereby reducing endothelial activation and glomerular inflammation, and ultimately reversing kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bus
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, L1Q, Room P0-107, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Marion Scharpfenecker
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, L1Q, Room P0-107, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Van Der Wilk
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, L1Q, Room P0-107, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Wolterbeek
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, L1Q, Room P0-107, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans J Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, L1Q, Room P0-107, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
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11
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Pichler R, Afkarian M, Dieter BP, Tuttle KR. Immunity and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: translating mechanisms to biomarkers and treatment targets. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F716-F731. [PMID: 27558558 PMCID: PMC6109808 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00314.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing incidences of obesity and diabetes have made diabetic kidney disease (DKD) the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite current pharmacological treatments, including strategies for optimizing glycemic control and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, DKD still makes up almost one-half of all cases of end-stage renal disease in the United States. Compelling and mounting evidence has clearly demonstrated that immunity and inflammation play a paramount role in the pathogenesis of DKD. This article reviews the involvement of the immune system in DKD and identifies important roles of key immune and inflammatory mediators. One of the most recently identified biomarkers is serum amyloid A, which appears to be relatively specific for DKD. Novel and evolving treatment approaches target protein kinases, transcription factors, chemokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors, advanced glycation end-products, and other inflammatory molecules. This is the beginning of a new era in the understanding and treatment of DKD, and we may have finally reached a tipping point in our fight against the growing burden of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Pichler
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;
| | - Maryam Afkarian
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Brad P Dieter
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
- Providence Health Care, Spokane, Washington
| | - Katherine R Tuttle
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
- Providence Health Care, Spokane, Washington
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12
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Monguchi T, Hara T, Hasokawa M, Nakajima H, Mori K, Toh R, Irino Y, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Shinohara M. Excessive intake of trans fatty acid accelerates atherosclerosis through promoting inflammation and oxidative stress in a mouse model of hyperlipidemia. J Cardiol 2017; 70:121-127. [PMID: 28254384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that trans fatty acids (TFAs) are a risk for coronary artery disease. However, the precise mechanism underlying the proatherogenic effect of TFA has not been completely elucidated. To obtain better understanding of the impact of TFA on vascular diseases, this study investigated the effect of TFA on oxidative stress using a mouse model of atherosclerosis. METHODS Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout mice were fed with diet containing 0.5% cholesterol (control), 0.5% cholesterol+5% elaidic acids (Trans group), and 0.5% cholesterol+5% oleic acids (Cis group) for 8 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesion and oxidative stress in aortic wall were evaluated. In vitro experiments using smooth muscle cells were performed to corroborate in vivo findings. RESULTS The atherosclerotic lesion area was significantly larger in Trans group than that in control or Cis group. Lipoprotein fractionation was similar among groups, while plasma oxidized LDL level and superoxide production in the vessel wall were markedly increased in Trans group. Elaidic acids were accumulated in a variety of tissues including liver and adipose tissue, which was associated with the high level of inflammatory cytokines in these tissues and plasma. Aortic wall from Trans group showed augmented expression of reactive oxygen species and NAPDH oxidase (p22phox) in smooth muscle cells. In vitro experiments confirmed that elaidic acids upregulated expression of NADPH oxidase and inflammatory cytokines in cultured smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION Excessive intake of TFA contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis by evoking inflammation and oxidative stress in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Monguchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Minoru Hasokawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideto Nakajima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenta Mori
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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13
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Nagao M, Toh R, Irino Y, Mori T, Nakajima H, Hara T, Honjo T, Satomi-Kobayashi S, Shinke T, Tanaka H, Ishida T, Hirata KI. β-Hydroxybutyrate elevation as a compensatory response against oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 475:322-8. [PMID: 27216458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) acts not only as a carrier of energy but also as a signaling molecule that has a role in diverse cellular functions. Circulating levels of ketone bodies have been previously reported to be increased in patients with congestive heart failure (HF). In this study, we investigated regulatory mechanism and pathophysiological role of βOHB in HF. First, we revealed that βOHB level was elevated in failing hearts, but not in blood, using pressure-overloaded mice. We also measured cellular βOHB levels in both cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes stimulated with or without H2O2 and revealed that increased myocardial βOHB was derived from cardiomyocytes but not non-cardiomyocytes under pathological states. Next, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms of myocardial βOHB elevation and its implication under pathological states. The gene and protein expression levels of CoA transferase (SCOT), a key enzyme involved in ketone body oxidation, was decreased in failing hearts. In cardiomyocytes, H2O2 stimulation caused βOHB accumulation concomitantly with SCOT downregulation, implying that the accumulation of myocardial βOHB occurs because of the decline in its utilization. Finally, we checked the effects of βOHB on cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress. We found that βOHB induced FOXO3a, an oxidative stress resistance gene, and its target enzyme, SOD2 and catalase. Consequently, βOHB attenuated reactive oxygen species production and alleviated apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. It has been reported that hyperadrenergic state in HF boost lipolysis and result in elevation of circulating free fatty acids, which can lead hepatic ketogenesis for energy metabolism alteration. The present findings suggest that the accumulation of βOHB also occurs as a compensatory response against oxidative stress in failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Nagao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshige Mori
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hideto Nakajima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Honjo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Seimi Satomi-Kobayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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14
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Park M, Kulkarni A, Beatty A, Ganz P, Regan M, Vittinghoff E, Whooley M. Soluble endothelial cell selective adhesion molecule and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary disease: A report from the Heart and Soul Study. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:546-52. [PMID: 26523992 PMCID: PMC4663109 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) is selectively expressed on vascular endothelium and is postulated to play a role in atherogenesis. We investigated the association of serum soluble ESAM (sESAM) levels with subsequent cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. METHODS We measured sESAM levels in 981 patients with stable coronary disease enrolled between September 2000 and December 2002 in a prospective cohort study. Poisson regression models were used to define the relationship between baseline sESAM levels and cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction, heart failure hospitalization, and mortality. RESULTS There were 293 occurrences of the composite endpoint over a median follow-up of 8.9 years. After adjusting for demographic and clinical risk factors, participants in the highest sESAM quartile (compared to the lower three sESAM quartiles) had a higher rate of the composite endpoint (incident rate ratio (IRR) 1.52 (95% CI 1.16-1.99) as well as of its individual components: myocardial infarction (IRR 1.64 (1.06-2.55)), heart failure hospitalizations (IRR 1.96 (1.32-2.81)), and death (IRR 1.5 (1.2-1.89)). These associations were no longer significant after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSIONS sESAM levels associate with myocardial infarction, heart failure, and death after adjustment for demographic and clinical risk factors, but not after adjustment for kidney function. sESAM may be involved in the pathogenesis of concurrent kidney and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyeon Park
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | - Alexis Beatty
- Division of Cardiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Division of Cardiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, USA
| | - Mathilda Regan
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary Whooley
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
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15
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Kacso IM, Potra AR, Bondor CI, Moldovan D, Rusu C, Patiu IM, Racasan S, Orasan R, Moldovan R, Ghigolea B, Vladutiu D, Spanu C, Nita C, Rusu A. ESAM predicts cardiovascular mortality in diabetic hemodialysis patients. Biomarkers 2015; 20:323-7. [PMID: 26329529 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1068866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess endothelial cell selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) as predictor of cardiovascular mortality in diabetic dialysis patients (DDPs). METHODS ESAM, clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed in 73 DDP. Cardiovascular mortality was recorded in a 2 years' prospective observational study. RESULTS Baseline ESAM was 17.1 (10.05-24.8) ng/ml and was correlated to phosphate (r = -0.42, p = 0.008), parathormone (r = -0.36, p = 0.048), albumin (r = -0.24, p = 0.048). ESAM significantly predicted cardiovascular death in univariate [HR = 1.03, 95% CI (1.006-1.054), p = 0.01] and multivariate [HR = 1.034, 95% CI (1.003-1.066), p = 0.03] Cox analysis. Time to cardiovascular death was shorter for patients with ESAM >12.44 ng/ml, p = 0.0045. CONCLUSION ESAM is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in DDP.
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16
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Kondo K, Ishida T, Yasuda T, Nakajima H, Mori K, Tanaka N, Mori T, Monguchi T, Shinohara M, Irino Y, Toh R, Rikitake Y, Kiyomizu K, Tomiyama Y, Yamamoto J, Hirata KI. Trans-fatty acid promotes thrombus formation in mice by aggravating antithrombogenic endothelial functions via Toll-like receptors. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:729-40. [PMID: 25546502 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Since excessive intake of trans-fatty acid (TFA) increases the risk of myocardial infarction, we investigated the effects of TFA on thrombus formation using animal and cell culture experiments. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice were fed a diet containing TFA or cis-fatty acid (5% each of total calories) or a chow diet for 4 weeks, and thrombus formation was induced in the carotid artery by He-Ne laser irradiation. The high-TFA diet significantly promoted thrombus formation in the carotid artery compared to the chow or cis-fatty acid diet. TFA activated the inflammatory signaling pathway in cultured endothelial cells and in mice; aortic gene expression levels of antithrombogenic molecules, including thrombomodulin and tissue factor pathway inhibitor, were decreased, and the expression levels of prothrombogenic molecules were increased in TFA-treated mice. TFA markedly upregulated the prothrombogenic molecules and downregulated the antithrombogenic molecules in endothelial cells. In addition, TFA induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. The TFA-activated signal pathways and prothrombogenic phenotypic changes of endothelial cells were inhibited by genetic or pharmacological inactivation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. CONCLUSION TFA aggravates the antithrombogenic phenotypes of vascular endothelial cells via Toll-like receptors and promotes thrombus formation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kondo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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17
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Wang H, Li X, Wang C, Zhu D, Xu Y. Abnormal ultrastructure of intestinal epithelial barrier in mice with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Alcohol 2014; 48:787-93. [PMID: 25454538 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction caused by chronic alcohol consumption is closely associated with disruption of the intestinal epithelial apical junction complex. The present study was undertaken to directly display by transmission electron microscopy the abnormal ultrastructure of the intestinal epithelial barrier in mice with alcoholic steatohepatitis. The results showed that chronic alcohol consumption could induce obvious liver injury, with diffuse lipid accumulation and focal inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver, assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The indicators of intestinal barrier dysfunction, d-lactic acid and lipopolysaccharide, were significantly higher in alcohol-fed mice than in control mice. Alcohol exposure obviously caused high permeability in the ileum to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD-4; molecular weight 4000). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that tight junctions and adherens junctions expanded noticeably in alcohol-fed mice. Although the tight junction (TJ) length of alcohol-fed mice had no significant difference compared with control mice, the adherens junction (AJ) length of alcohol-fed mice significantly decreased compared with control mice. Additionally, the ratios of both TJmax/TJmin and AJmax/AJmin were significantly larger in alcohol-fed mice than in control liquid-fed mice. In conclusion, high intestinal permeability caused by alcohol attributes to the irregular ultrastructure of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Xili, Tiantan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050 PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Xili, Tiantan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050 PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Xili, Tiantan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050 PR China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Xili, Tiantan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050 PR China.
| | - Youqing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Xili, Tiantan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050 PR China.
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18
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Hooper PL, Balogh G, Rivas E, Kavanagh K, Vigh L. The importance of the cellular stress response in the pathogenesis and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:447-64. [PMID: 24523032 PMCID: PMC4041942 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms have evolved to survive rigorous environments and are not prepared to thrive in a world of caloric excess and sedentary behavior. A realization that physical exercise (or lack of it) plays a pivotal role in both the pathogenesis and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM) has led to the provocative concept of therapeutic exercise mimetics. A decade ago, we attempted to simulate the beneficial effects of exercise by treating t2DM patients with 3 weeks of daily hyperthermia, induced by hot tub immersion. The short-term intervention had remarkable success, with a 1 % drop in HbA1, a trend toward weight loss, and improvement in diabetic neuropathic symptoms. An explanation for the beneficial effects of exercise and hyperthermia centers upon their ability to induce the cellular stress response (the heat shock response) and restore cellular homeostasis. Impaired stress response precedes major metabolic defects associated with t2DM and may be a near seminal event in the pathogenesis of the disease, tipping the balance from health into disease. Heat shock protein inducers share metabolic pathways associated with exercise with activation of AMPK, PGC1-a, and sirtuins. Diabetic therapies that induce the stress response, whether via heat, bioactive compounds, or genetic manipulation, improve or prevent all of the morbidities and comorbidities associated with the disease. The agents reduce insulin resistance, inflammatory cytokines, visceral adiposity, and body weight while increasing mitochondrial activity, normalizing membrane structure and lipid composition, and preserving organ function. Therapies restoring the stress response can re-tip the balance from disease into health and address the multifaceted defects associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L. Hooper
- />Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Gabor Balogh
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eric Rivas
- />Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
- />Department of Kinesiology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX USA
| | - Kylie Kavanagh
- />Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, NC USA
| | - Laszlo Vigh
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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19
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Shikata K, Makino H. Microinflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 4:142-9. [PMID: 24843643 PMCID: PMC4019266 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end‐stage renal failure in developed countries. Furthermore, diabetic nephropathy is related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases and an increase in mortality of diabetic patients. Several factors are involved in the development of nephropathy, including glomerular hyperfiltration, oxidative stress, accumulation of advanced glycation end‐products, activation of protein kinase C, acceleration of the polyol pathway and over‐expression of transforming growth factor‐β. Recently, accumulated data have emphasized the critical roles of chronic low‐grade inflammation, ‘microinflammation’, in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, suggesting that microinflammation is a common mechanism in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Expression of cell adhesion molecules, chemokines and pro‐inflammatory cytokines are increased in the renal tissues of diabetic patients and animals. Deficiency of pro‐inflammatory molecules results in amelioration of renal injuries after induction of diabetes in mice. Plasma and urinary levels of cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules, are elevated and correlated with albuminuria. Several kinds of drugs that have anti‐inflammatory actions as their pleiotropic effects showed renoprotective effects on diabetic animals. Modulation of the inflammatory process prevents renal insufficiency in diabetic animal models, suggesting that microinflammation is one of the promising therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy, as well as for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Shikata
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan ; Department of Medicine and Clinical Science Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science Okayama Japan
| | - Hirofumi Makino
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan ; Department of Medicine and Clinical Science Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science Okayama Japan
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Miranda DN, Coletta DK, Mandarino LJ, Shaibi GQ. Increases in insulin sensitivity among obese youth are associated with gene expression changes in whole blood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:1337-44. [PMID: 24470352 PMCID: PMC4008712 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle intervention can improve insulin sensitivity in obese youth, yet few studies have examined the molecular signatures associated with these improvements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore gene expression changes in whole blood that are associated with intervention-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity. METHODS Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese (BMI percentile = 96.3 ± 1.1) Latino adolescents (15.0 ± 0.9 years) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and 180 minutes of moderate-vigorous exercise per week. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by an oral glucose tolerance test and the Matsuda Index. Global microarray analysis profiling from whole blood was performed to examine changes in gene expression and to explore biological pathways that were significantly changed in response to the intervention. RESULTS A total of 1,459 probes corresponding to mRNA transcripts (717 up, 742 down) were differentially expressed with a fold change ≥1.2. These genes were mapped within eight significant pathways identified, including insulin signaling, type 1 diabetes, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Participants with increased insulin sensitivity exhibited five times the number of significant genes altered compared with nonresponders (1,144 vs. 230). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that molecular signatures from whole blood are associated with lifestyle-induced health improvements among high-risk Latino youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N. Miranda
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Mayo/ASU Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Dawn K. Coletta
- School of Life Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- Mayo/ASU Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Lawrence J. Mandarino
- School of Life Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- Mayo/ASU Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Gabriel Q. Shaibi
- Mayo/ASU Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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Luissint AC, Nusrat A, Parkos CA. JAM-related proteins in mucosal homeostasis and inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2014; 36:211-26. [PMID: 24667924 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-014-0421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells that form a physical barrier protecting the body against external noxious substances and pathogens. At a molecular level, the mucosal barrier is regulated by tight junctions (TJs) that seal the paracellular space between adjacent epithelial cells. Transmembrane proteins within TJs include junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) that belong to the cortical thymocyte marker for Xenopus family of proteins. JAM family encompasses three classical members (JAM-A, JAM-B, and JAM-C) and related molecules including JAM4, JAM-like protein, Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), CAR-like membrane protein and endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule. JAMs have multiple functions that include regulation of endothelial and epithelial paracellular permeability, leukocyte recruitment during inflammation, angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the roles of the JAM family members in the regulation of mucosal homeostasis and leukocyte trafficking with a particular emphasis on barrier function and its perturbation during pathological inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny-Claude Luissint
- Epithelial pathobiology and mucosal inflammation research unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, 30306, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ling C, Jinping L, Xia L, Renyong Y. Ursolic Acid provides kidney protection in diabetic rats. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2014; 75:59-63. [PMID: 24465045 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal failure. However, the treatment of DN is still a problem in the world. Inflammatory process plays a critical role in the development of DN. Therefore, anti-inflammatory treatment of DN is worth exploring now and in the future. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the impact of ursolic acid (UA) on renal function in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. METHODS Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were treated with UA for 16 weeks. After 16 weeks, urine albumin excretion, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were measured. In addition, renal oxidative stress level, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity, P-selectin expression, and kidney histopathologic changes were evaluated. RESULTS Sixteen weeks following streptozotocin injection, the rats produced significant alteration in renal function and increased oxidative stress, NF-κB activity, and P-selectin expression in the kidneys. Interestingly, UA significantly prevented biochemical and histopathologic changes in the kidneys associated with diabetes. Compared with untreated diabetic rats, UA treatment lowered urine albumin excretion, renal oxidative stress level, NF-κB activity, and P-selectin expression. Moreover, UA treatment also improved renal histopathologic changes in rats with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS UA treatment exhibited a protective effect on kidneys in diabetic rats, implying that UA could be a potential treatment for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Jinping
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Renyong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Kacso IM, Potra AR, Rusu A, Moldovan D, Rusu CC, Kacso G, Hancu ND, Muresan A, Bondor CI. Relationship of endothelial cell selective adhesion molecule to markers of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2014; 74:170-6. [DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2013.869700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Park M, Vittinghoff E, Ganz P, Peralta CA, Whooley M, Shlipak MG. Role of soluble endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule biomarker in albuminuria and kidney function changes in patients with coronary artery disease: the Heart and Soul Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 34:231-6. [PMID: 24177327 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction is a possible mechanism to explain the association between atherosclerosis and kidney disease. This study evaluated circulating soluble endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (sESAM), a marker of endothelial dysfunction, as a risk factor for kidney function decline and albuminuria. APPROACH AND RESULTS In the Heart and Soul Study, we measured sESAM from baseline serum samples and defined elevated levels of sESAM by the highest quartile (quartile 4 [Q4]: >65.4 ng/mL). We evaluated the associations of high sESAM with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and ratio of urine albumin to creatinine (ACR), and with longitudinal changes in eGFR and ACR. Among 990 participants with sESAM measurements, median sESAM was 54.5 ng/mL (interquartile range, 45.3-65.8). After multivariable adjustment, elevated levels of sESAM were strongly and independently associated with baseline reduced eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) (odds ratio [OR], 11.44; P<0.0001) and ACR ≥30 mg/g (OR, 5.23; P<0.0001). Associations of sESAM (Q4 versus quartile 1 [Q1]) with change in ACR (β=54.47; P<0.0001) were also significant after full adjustment. The association with change in eGFR (1.56%; P=0.0049) was not statistically significant after application of the Bonferroni correction for multiple markers. In unadjusted models, sESAM was associated with rapid kidney function loss, defined as 3% annual eGFR decline (OR, 2.28; P=0.0003), although this was attenuated by adjustment (OR, 2.11; P=0.0095). CONCLUSIONS sESAM is associated with albuminuria and reduced kidney function in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These findings implicate endothelial dysfunction as a potential contributor to the elevated kidney disease risk in persons with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyeon Park
- From the Division of Nephrology (M.P., C.A.P.), and Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (E.V., M.W., M.G.S.) and Medicine (P.G., M.W., M.G.S.), University of California, San Francisco, CA; Division of Cardiology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA (P.G.); and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (M.W., M.G.S.)
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Kacso IM, Bondor CI, Kacso G. Low serum endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule predicts increase in albuminuria in type 2 diabetes patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2013; 45:1319-26. [PMID: 23292509 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-012-0365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The newly discovered endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) stabilizes the interendothelial tight junction; it circulates in serum as a soluble fraction. In experimental diabetes, reduced ESAM expression in the kidney is associated with albuminuria. We investigated, for the first time, serum ESAM as a predictor of progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS T2D non-nephrotic patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) > 30 ml/min were included. History, medication and laboratory evaluation were assessed at inclusion and the end of study; ESAM was determined at baseline. RESULTS Eighty-eight patients--mean age 63 ± 10.84 years, 49 (55.68 %) males--were prospectively followed up for 20 months. Baseline GFR was 76.37 ± 29.56 ml/min, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) 21.63(7.08-94.52) mg/g; ESAM was 12.85(6.13-19.83) ng/ml. Difference (Δ) in UACR between end of study and baseline was inversely related to serum albumin (r = -0.27, p = 0.017) and ESAM (r = -0.21, p = 0.047); ΔGFR correlated to glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.22, p = 0.05). In multiple regression, introducing variables susceptible to influence progression of kidney disease, ΔUACR was significantly related to log ESAM (p = 0.005) and ΔGFR to glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.016). CONCLUSION Serum ESAM is a predictor of worsening of albuminuria in T2D patients without advanced kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Maria Kacso
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj Napoca, Dornei 47 street, 400171, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) contributes to the integrity of tight junctions and modulates endothelial function. ESAM has been linked to experimental diabetic nephropathy; its soluble fraction is related to atherosclerosis in humans. In this cross-sectional observational study, we describe for the first time serum ESAM in type 2 diabetic patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its relationship to vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Materials and methods We included diabetic patients with different stages of CKD and controls. History, laboratory evaluation, serum ESAM and VEGF-A and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were obtained. RESULTS Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule was higher in non-CKD diabetic patients 13.80 (6.15-18.70) ng/mL (n=45) than controls 7.30 (4.60-9.40) ng/mL (n=48), P=0.001. VEGF-A had a similar pattern: 71.3 (54.75-120.70) vs. 43.20 (30.1-65.90) pg/mL, P<0.0001. ESAM was 10.4 (5.6-17.4) ng/mL in predialysis CKD patients (n=59) and 22.35 (8.55-29.95) ng/mL in dialysis patients (n=36), P<0.001. Patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR)<15 mL/min had the highest ESAM (P=0.003). ESAM was similar in normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and proteinuric patients. ESAM was directly correlated with the duration of diabetes (r(2)=0.048, P=0.009), C-reactive protein (r(2)=0.028, P=0.05), VEGF-A (r(2)=0.040, P=0.01) and inversely with HbA1C (r(2)=0.036, P=0.03), haemoglobin (r(2)=0.062, P=0.005) and albumin (r(2)=0.0·40, P=0.026). In multiple regression diabetes duration, HbA1C and VEGF-A were significant predictors of ESAM. In controls, ESAM was inversely related to VEGF (r(2)=037, P=0.01). CONCLUSION Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule and VEGF-A are higher in patients with diabetes than in controls. The highest ESAM is found in dialysis patients. ESAM correlates with diabetes duration and control, inflammation and VEGF-A in patients with diabetes, but not in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina M Kacso
- Departments of Nephrology Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Lebedeva NO, Vikulova OK. Pre-clinical markers for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. DIABETES MELLITUS 2012. [DOI: 10.14341/2072-0351-5517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to progressive nature of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and limited effectiveness of therapeutic efforts at clinically overt stages, diagnosisof pre-clinical (and, therefore, potentially reversible) DN is especially important. To date, however, test for microalbuminuriaremains the only technique applicable for early diagnostics of DN. Current review addresses search for potential markers of pre-clinical stage of DN in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and embracesdata from latest experimental and clinical studies in this area.
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Sudo T, Yokota T, Oritani K, Satoh Y, Sugiyama T, Ishida T, Shibayama H, Ezoe S, Fujita N, Tanaka H, Maeda T, Nagasawa T, Kanakura Y. The Endothelial Antigen ESAM Monitors Hematopoietic Stem Cell Status between Quiescence and Self-Renewal. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:200-10. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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In vitro vessel-forming capacity of endothelial progenitor cells in high glucose conditions. Ann Hematol 2011; 91:311-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Inflammatory molecules and pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011; 7:327-40. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2011.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 750] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hara T, Ishida T, Kojima Y, Tanaka H, Yasuda T, Shinohara M, Toh R, Hirata KI. Targeted deletion of endothelial lipase increases HDL particles with anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo. J Lipid Res 2010; 52:57-67. [PMID: 20926433 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m008417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that targeted deletion of endothelial lipase (EL) markedly increases the plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level in mice. However, little is known about the functional quality of HDL particles after EL inhibition. Therefore, the present study assessed the functional quality of HDL isolated from EL(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. Anti-inflammatory functions of HDL from EL(-/-) and WT mice were evaluated by in vitro assays. The HDL functions such as PON-1 or PAF-AH activities, inhibition of cytokine-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression, inhibition of LDL oxidation, and the ability of cholesterol efflux were similar in HDL isolated from WT and EL(-/-) mice. In contrast, the lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing capacity of HDL was significantly higher in EL(-/-) mice than that in WT mice. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory actions of HDL in vivo, lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation was generated in these mice. EL(-/-) mice showed higher survival rate and lower expression of inflammatory markers than WT mice. Intravenous administration of HDL isolated from EL(-/-) mice significantly improved the mortality after lipopolysaccharide injection in WT mice. In conclusion, targeted disruption of EL increased HDL particles with preserved anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic functions. Thus, EL inhibition would be a useful strategy to raise 'good' cholesterol in the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Cangara HM, Ishida T, Hara T, Sun L, Toh R, Rikitake Y, Kundu RK, Quertermous T, Hirata KI, Hayashi Y. Role of endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule in hematogeneous metastasis. Microvasc Res 2010; 80:133-41. [PMID: 20153339 PMCID: PMC5316236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The spread of malignant cells from a localized tumor is thought to be directly related to the number of microvessels in the tumor. The endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that mediates homophilic interactions between endothelial cells. Previous studies have indicated that ESAM regulates angiogenesis in the primary tumor growth and endothelial permeability. In this study, we aimed to further elucidate the role of ESAM in tumor metastasis through angiogenic processes. ESAM expression was higher in hypervascular metastatic tumor tissues than in normal tissues in human lungs. Cell culture studies found that conditioned medium from B16F10 melanoma cells increased ESAM expression in endothelial cells and promoted endothelial migration and tube formation. The B16F10 medium-induced endothelial migration and tube formation were significantly attenuated when ESAM was downregulated by siRNA transfection. Intravenous injection of B16F10 cells into ESAM+/+ and ESAM-/- mice for comparison of metastatic potential resulted in the number of metastatic lung nodules in ESAM-/- mice being 83% lower than of those in ESAM+/+ mice. The microvascular density in the tumor was also lower in ESAM-/- than in ESAM+/+ mice. These findings indicate that ESAM regulates tumor metastasis through endothelial cell migration and tube formation in metastatic nodules. Inhibition of ESAM may therefore inhibit tumor metastasis by inhibiting the angiogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husni M. Cangara
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Li Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Rikitake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ramendra K. Kundu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ken-ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Hayashi
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Inoue M, Ishida T, Yasuda T, Toh R, Hara T, Cangara HM, Rikitake Y, Taira K, Sun L, Kundu RK, Quertermous T, Hirata KI. Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule modulates atherosclerosis through plaque angiogenesis and monocyte-endothelial interaction. Microvasc Res 2010; 80:179-87. [PMID: 20406651 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 04/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) is a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that ESAM regulates angiogenesis, endothelial permeability, and leukocyte transmigration. However, little is known concerning the role of ESAM in atherosclerosis. In this study, we assessed the effects of ESAM inactivation on atherosclerosis in mice. ESAM-/- mice were bred with apoE-/- mice to generate double knockout mice, and the aortic lesion size of apoE-/- and ESAM-/-apoE-/- mice was compared histologically. Although plasma cholesterol levels were higher in ESAM-/-apoE-/- mice, the lesion size was markedly smaller than in apoE-/- mice. ESAM-/-apoE-/- mice exhibited a decrease in the number of vasa vasorum and macrophages in the vessel wall. In vitro adhesion assays showed that THP-1 cells, which did not express ESAM, bound to the ESAM-coated culture plates, suggesting that ESAM may interact with heterophilic ligand(s) on monocytes. Moreover, downregulation of ESAM by siRNA in the endothelial monolayer diminished transendothelial migration of THP-1 cells. In conclusion, ESAM inactivation can reduce susceptibility to atherosclerosis by inhibiting plaque neovascularization and macrophage infiltration into the atheroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiko Inoue
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
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Kimura R, Ishida T, Kuriyama M, Hirata KI, Hayashi Y. Interaction of endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule and MAGI-1 promotes mature cell-cell adhesion via activation of RhoA. Genes Cells 2010; 15:385-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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