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Boo KJ, Kim DH, Cho E, Kim DH, Jeon SJ, Shin CY. Neonatal dysregulation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol induces impaired brain function in adult mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110045. [PMID: 38885736 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates neurotransmission linked to synaptic plasticity, cognition, and emotion. While it has been demonstrated that dysregulation of the ECS in adulthood is relevant not only to central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, cognitive dysfunction, and depression but also to brain function, there are few studies on how dysregulation of the ECS in the neonatal period affects the manifestation and pathophysiology of CNS disorders later in life. In this study, DO34, a diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLα) inhibitor affecting endocannabinoid 2-AG production, was injected into C57BL/6N male mice from postnatal day (PND) 7 to PND 10, inducing dysregulation of the ECS in the neonatal period. Subsequently, we examined whether it affects neuronal function in adulthood through electrophysiological and behavioral evaluation. DO34-injected mice showed significantly decreased cognitive functions, attributed to impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The findings suggest that regulation of ECS activity in the neonatal period may induce enduring effects on adult brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Jun Boo
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chan Young Shin
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Alves CDO, Waku I, Chiossi JN, de Oliveira AR. Dopamine D2-like receptors on conditioned and unconditioned fear: A systematic review of rodent pharmacological studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111080. [PMID: 38950840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports dopamine's role in aversive states, yet systematic reviews focusing on dopamine receptors in defensive behaviors are lacking. This study presents a systematic review of the literature examining the influence of drugs acting on dopamine D2-like receptors on unconditioned and conditioned fear in rodents. The review reveals a predominant use of adult male rats in the studies, with limited inclusion of female rodents. Commonly employed tests include the elevated plus maze and auditory-cued fear conditioning. The findings indicate that systemic administration of D2-like drugs has a notable impact on both innate and learned aversive states. Generally, antagonists tend to increase unconditioned fear, while agonists decrease it. Moreover, both agonists and antagonists typically reduce conditioned fear. These effects are attributed to the involvement of distinct neural circuits in these states. The observed increase in unconditioned fear induced by D2-like antagonists aligns with dopamine's role in suppressing midbrain-mediated responses. Conversely, the reduction in conditioned fear is likely a result of blocking dopamine activity in the mesolimbic pathway. The study highlights the need for future research to delve into sex differences, explore alternative testing paradigms, and identify specific neural substrates. Such investigations have the potential to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of aversive states and enhance the therapeutic application of dopaminergic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Oliveira Alves
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Waku
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Joyce Nonato Chiossi
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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3
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Yan C, Liu Z. The role of periaqueductal gray astrocytes in anxiety-like behavior induced by acute stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 720:150073. [PMID: 38754161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes in the central nervous system play a vital role in modulating synaptic transmission and neuronal activation by releasing gliotransmitters. The 5-HTergic neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) are important in anxiety processing. However, it remains uncertain whether the regulation of astrocytic activity on vlPAG 5-HTergic neurons is involved in anxiety processing. Here, through chemogenetic manipulation, we explored the impact of astrocytic activity in the PAG on the regulation of anxiety. To determine the role of astrocytes in the control of anxiety, we induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice through foot shock and investigated their effects on synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in vlPAG 5-HTergic neurons. Foot shock caused anxiety-like behaviors, which were accompanied with the increase of the amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), the area of slow inward currents (SICs), and the spike frequency of action potentials (AP) in vlPAG 5-HTergic neurons. The chemogenetic inhibition of vlPAG astrocytes was found to attenuate stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors and decrease the heightened synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability of vlPAG 5-HTergic neurons. Conversely, chemogenetic activation of vlPAG astrocytes triggered anxiety-like behaviors, enhanced synaptic transmission, and increased the excitability of vlPAG 5-HTergic neurons in unstressed mice. In summary, this study has provided initial insights into the pathway by which astrocytes influence behavior through the rapid regulation of associated neurons. This offers a new perspective for the investigation of the biological mechanisms underlying anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanting Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 Chang'an South Road, Xi'an, 710062, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, 555 Qiangye Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 Chang'an South Road, Xi'an, 710062, China.
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4
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Costa PA, Everett NA, Turner AJ, Umpierrez LS, Baracz SJ, Cornish JL. Adolescent alcohol binge drinking and withdrawal: behavioural, brain GFAP-positive astrocytes and acute methamphetamine effects in adult female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1539-1554. [PMID: 38705893 PMCID: PMC11269403 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcopop beverages are generally the first alcoholic beverage that young females drink which contain high levels of sugar and alcohol. The over-consumption of these drinks may encourage alcohol co-administration with methamphetamine (METH) impacting on drinking behaviour and glial function. AIMS The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of adolescent binge alcohol exposure on consumption level, anxiety-like behaviour, cross-sensitization with METH and on astrocyte expression in reward related brain regions. METHODS Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats had daily 1-hour oral alcohol consumption of alcopop (ALCP; with sucrose) or ethanol-only (ETOH; without sucrose), transitioned from 5 to 15% (v/v) ethanol content for 34 days. Water and sucrose groups act as controls. During alcohol withdrawal, rats were tested for anxiety on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and locomotor activity following saline or METH (1 mg/kg i.p) treatment. Brains were then collected to assess astrocyte immunofluorescence for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in reward-related brain regions. RESULTS Rats pretreated with 5% ALCP consumed significantly more volume and ethanol intake when compared to 5% EtOH rats. Both ALCP and EtOH groups had a higher preference ratio for 5% than 15% alcohol solutions and ALCP rats had greater ethanol intake at 15% than EtOH rats. Alcohol withdrawal showed no significant differences between groups on anxiety, METH cross-sensitization effects or GFAP intensity in the regions studied. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the addition of sucrose to alcoholic solutions encouraged female rats to consume larger volumes and greater ethanol intake compared to ethanol-only solutions, yet did not have long lasting effects on behaviour and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A Costa
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Everett
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Anita J Turner
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Laísa S Umpierrez
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sarah J Baracz
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Cornish
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Hosseini E. Ubiquitous extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields induces anxiety-like behavior: mechanistic perspectives. Electromagn Biol Med 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39074042 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2380305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is an adaptive condition characterized by heightened uneasiness, which in the long term can cause complications such as reducing the quality of life and problems related to the mental and physical health. Concerns have been raised regarding the potential dangers of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) ranging from 3 to 3000 Hz, which are omnipresent in our daily lives and there have been studies about the anxiogenic effects of these fields. Studies conducted in this specific area has revealed that ELF-EMF can have an impact on various brain regions, such as the hippocampus. In conclusion, studies have shown that ELF-EMF can interfere with hippocampus-prefrontal cortex pathway, inducing anxiety behavior. Also, ELF-EMF may initiate anxiety behavior by generating oxidative stress in hypothalamus and hippocampus. Moreover, ELF-EMF may induce anxiety behavior by reducing hippocampus neuroplasticity and increasing the NMDA2A receptor expression in the hippocampus. Furthermore, supplementation with antioxidants could serve as an effective protective measure against the adverse effects of FLF-FMF in relation to anxiety behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Hosseini
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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6
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Waltrick APF, Radulski DR, de Oliveira KM, Acco A, Verri WA, da Cunha JM, Zanoveli JM. Early evidence of beneficial and protective effects of Protectin DX treatment on behavior responses and type-1 diabetes mellitus related-parameters: A non-clinical approach. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 133:111028. [PMID: 38754696 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Protectin DX (PDX), a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator, presents potential therapeutic applications across various medical conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Since type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease with an inflammatory and oxidative profile, exploring the use of PDX in addressing T1DM and its associated comorbidities, including diabetic neuropathic pain, depression, and anxiety becomes urgent. Thus, in the current study, after 2 weeks of T1DM induction with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) in Wistar rats, PDX (1, 3, and 10 ng/animal; i.p. injection of 200 μl/animal) was administered specifically on days 14, 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27 after T1DM induction. We investigated the PDX's effectiveness in alleviating neuropathic pain (mechanical allodynia; experiment 1), anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors (experiment 2). Also, we studied whether the PDX treatment would induce antioxidant effects in the blood plasma, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex (experiment 3), brain areas involved in the modulation of emotions. For evaluating mechanical allodynia, animals were repeatedly submitted to the Von Frey test; while for studying anxiety-like responses, animals were submitted to the elevated plus maze (day 26) and open field (day 28) tests. To analyze depressive-like behaviors, the animals were tested in the modified forced swimming test (day 28) immediately after the open field test. Our data demonstrated that PDX consistently increased the mechanical threshold throughout the study at the two highest doses, indicative of antinociceptive effect. Concerning depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior, all PDX doses effectively prevented these behaviors when compared to vehicle-treated T1DM rats. The PDX treatment significantly protected against the increased oxidative stress parameters in blood plasma and in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, treated animals presented improvement on diabetes-related parameters by promoting weight gain and reducing hyperglycemia in T1DM rats. These findings suggest that PDX improved diabetic neuropathic pain, and induced antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects, in addition to improving parameters related to the diabetic condition. It is worth noting that PDX also presented a protective action demonstrated by its antioxidant effects. To conclude, our findings suggest PDX treatment may be a promising candidate for improving the diabetic condition per se along with highly disabling comorbidities such as diabetic neuropathic pain and emotional disturbances associated with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Farias Waltrick
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Débora Rasec Radulski
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Kauê Marcel de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil
| | | | - Joice Maria da Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Janaina Menezes Zanoveli
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Street Coronel Francisco H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, PR 81540-990, Brazil.
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Li G, Lu C, Yin M, Wang P, Zhang P, Wu J, Wang W, Wang D, Wang M, Liu J, Lin X, Zhang JX, Wang Z, Yu Y, Zhang YF. Neural substrates for regulating self-grooming behavior in rodents. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38993075 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Grooming, as an evolutionarily conserved repetitive behavior, is common in various animals, including humans, and serves essential functions including, but not limited to, hygiene maintenance, thermoregulation, de-arousal, stress reduction, and social behaviors. In rodents, grooming involves a patterned and sequenced structure, known as the syntactic chain with four phases that comprise repeated stereotyped movements happening in a cephalocaudal progression style, beginning from the nose to the face, to the head, and finally ending with body licking. The context-dependent occurrence of grooming behavior indicates its adaptive significance. This review briefly summarizes the neural substrates responsible for rodent grooming behavior and explores its relevance in rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases with aberrant grooming phenotypes. We further emphasize the utility of rodent grooming as a reliable measure of repetitive behavior in neuropsychiatric models, holding promise for translational psychiatry. Herein, we mainly focus on rodent self-grooming. Allogrooming (grooming being applied on one animal by its conspecifics via licking or carefully nibbling) and heterogrooming (a form of grooming behavior directing towards another animal, which occurs in other contexts, such as maternal, sexual, aggressive, or social behaviors) are not covered due to space constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chanyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Miaomiao Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhaoyuan City, Zhaoyuan 265400, China
| | - Jialiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiahan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinghan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yiqun Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
- Ear, Nose & Throat Institute, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
- Clinical and Research Center for Olfactory Disorders, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ,
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ,
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8
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Zoicas I, Licht C, Mühle C, Kornhuber J. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for depressive-like symptoms in rodent animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105726. [PMID: 38762128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) emerged as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Both preclinical and clinical studies as well as systematic reviews provide a heterogeneous picture, particularly concerning the stimulation protocols used in rTMS. Here, we present a review of rTMS effects in rodent models of depressive-like symptoms with the aim to identify the most relevant factors that lead to an increased therapeutic success. The influence of different factors, such as the stimulation parameters (stimulus frequency and intensity, duration of stimulation, shape and positioning of the coil), symptom severity and individual characteristics (age, species and genetic background of the rodents), on the therapeutic success are discussed. Accumulating evidence indicates that rTMS ameliorates a multitude of depressive-like symptoms in rodent models, most effectively at high stimulation frequencies (≥5 Hz) especially in adult rodents with a pronounced pathological phenotype. The therapeutic success of rTMS might be increased in the future by considering these factors and using more standardized stimulation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Christiane Licht
- Paracelsus Medical University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, Nürnberg 90419, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany
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9
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Cuervo Sánchez ML, Prado Spalm FH, Furland NE, Vallés AS. Pregestational fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in Wistar rats causes sexually dimorphic behavioral changes in their offspring. Dev Neurobiol 2024; 84:142-157. [PMID: 38664979 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), marked by enduring metabolic inflammation, has detrimental effects on cognitive performance and brain structure, influencing behavior. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal MetS could negatively impact the neurodevelopment and metabolism of offspring. To test this hypothesis, 2 months old female Wistar rats were subjected to a 10-week regimen of tap water alone or supplemented with 20% fructose to induce MetS. Dams were mated with healthy males to generate litters: OC (offspring from control dams) and OMetS (offspring from dams with MetS). To isolate prenatal effects, all pups were breastfed by control nurse dams, maintaining a standard diet and water ad libitum until weaning. Behavioral assessments were conducted between postnatal days (PN) 22 and 95, and metabolic parameters were analyzed post-sacrifice on PN100. Results from the elevated plus maze, the open field, and the marble burying tests revealed a heightened anxiety-like phenotype in OMetS females. The novel object recognition test showed that exclusively OMetS males had long-term memory impairment. In the reciprocal social interaction test, OMetS displayed a lower number of social interactions, with a notable increase in "socially inactive" behavior observed exclusively in females. Additionally, in the three-chamber test, social preference and social novelty indexes were found to be lower solely among OMetS females. An increase in visceral fat concomitantly with hypertriglyceridemia was the relevant postmortem metabolic finding in OMetS females. In summary, maternal MetS leads to enduring damage and adverse effects on offspring neurobehavior and metabolism, with notable sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marié L Cuervo Sánchez
- Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Laboratory, INIBIBB-CONICET-UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Facundo H Prado Spalm
- Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Laboratory, INIBIBB-CONICET-UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia E Furland
- Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Laboratory, INIBIBB-CONICET-UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana S Vallés
- Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Laboratory, INIBIBB-CONICET-UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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10
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Al-Shami AS, Abd Elkader HTAE, Moussa N, Essawy AE, Haroun M. Early-life bisphenol A exposure causes neuronal pyroptosis in juvenile and adult male rats through the NF-κB/IL-1β/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway: exploration of age and dose as effective covariates using an in vivo and in silico modeling approach. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05039-4. [PMID: 38941031 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a common endocrine-disrupting chemical, is found in a wide range of home plastics. Early-life BPA exposure has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders; however, the link between neuroinflammation, pyroptosis, and the development of psychiatric disorders is rarely studied. The current study attempted to investigate the toxic effect of BPA on inflammatory and microglial activation markers, as well as behavioral responses, in the brains of male rats in a dose- and age-dependent manner. Early BPA exposure began on postnatal day (PND) 18 at dosages of 50 and 125 mg/kg/day. We started with a battery of behavioral activities, including open field, elevated plus- and Y-maze tests, performed on young PND 60 rats and adult PND 95 rats. BPA causes anxiogenic-related behaviors, as well as cognitive and memory deficits. The in vivo and in silico analyses revealed for the first time that BPA is a substantial activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin (IL)-1β, -2, -12, cyclooxygenase-2, and the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, with higher beclin-1 and LC3B levels in BPA rats' PFC and hippocampus. Furthermore, BPA increased the co-localization of caspase-1 immunoreactive neurons, as well as unique neurodegenerative histopathological hallmarks. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that neuroinflammation and microglial activation are involved with changes in the brain after postnatal BPA exposure and that these alterations may be linked to the development of psychiatric conditions later in life. Collectively, our findings indicate that BPA triggers anxiety-like behaviors and pyroptotic death of nerve cells via the NF-κB/IL-1β/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Al-Shami
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Nermine Moussa
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amina E Essawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Medhat Haroun
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Volitaki E, Forro T, Li K, Nevian T, Ciocchi S. Activity of ventral hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons during anxiety. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114295. [PMID: 38796850 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety plays a key role in guiding behavior in response to potential threats. Anxiety is mediated by the activation of pyramidal neurons in the ventral hippocampus (vH), whose activity is controlled by GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. However, how different vH interneurons might contribute to anxiety-related processes is unclear. Here, we investigate the role of vH parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons while mice transition from safe to more anxiogenic compartments of the elevated plus maze (EPM). We find that vH PV interneurons increase their activity in anxiogenic EPM compartments concomitant with dynamic changes in inhibitory interactions between PV interneurons and pyramidal neurons. By optogenetically inhibiting PV interneurons, we induce an increase in the activity of vH pyramidal neurons and persistent anxiety. Collectively, our results suggest that vH inhibitory microcircuits may act as a trigger for enduring anxiety states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Volitaki
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Forro
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kaizhen Li
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nevian
- Neuronal Plasticity Group, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Ciocchi
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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12
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Wang Z, Lai C, Shen B, Li B, Chen J, Shen X, Huang Z, Yang C, Gao Y. Effects of Evodiamine on Behavior and Hippocampal Neurons through Inhibition of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Modulation of the Renin Angiotensin Pathway in a Mouse Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Nutrients 2024; 16:1957. [PMID: 38931311 PMCID: PMC11207023 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a persistent psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as warfare, natural disasters, or other catastrophic incidents, typically characterized by heightened anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognitive dysfunction. In this study, animals subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS) were administered evodiamine (EVO) and compared to a positive control group receiving sertraline. The animals were then assessed for alterations in anxiety, depression, and cognitive function. Histological analysis was conducted to examine neuronal changes in the hippocampus. In order to predict the core targets and related mechanisms of evodiamine intervention in PTSD, network pharmacology was used. The metabolic markers pre- and post-drug administration were identified using nontargeted serum metabolomics techniques, and the intersecting Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were screened. Finally, the core targets were validated through molecular docking, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and immunofluorescence staining to confirm the anti-PTSD effects and mechanisms of these targets. As well as improving cognitive impairment, evodiamine reversed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. It also inhibited the reduction in the number of hippocampal neuronal cells and Nissl bodies in SPS mice inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels in the hippocampus of SPS mice, and modulated the renin angiotensin pathway and its associated serum metabolites in brain tissue. Evodiamine shows promise as a potential candidate for alleviating the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Wang
- Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Z.W.); (C.L.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chengcai Lai
- Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Z.W.); (C.L.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Baoying Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Bowei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Junru Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zhengping Huang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China;
| | - Chunqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yue Gao
- Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Z.W.); (C.L.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (B.S.); (B.L.); (J.C.); (X.S.); (C.Y.)
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13
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Buján GE, D'Alessio L, Serra HA, Guelman LR, Molina SJ. Assessment of Hippocampal-Related Behavioral Changes in Adolescent Rats of both Sexes Following Voluntary Intermittent Ethanol Intake and Noise Exposure: A Putative Underlying Mechanism and Implementation of a Non-pharmacological Preventive Strategy. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:29. [PMID: 38856796 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) intake and noise exposure are particularly concerning among human adolescents because the potential to harm brain. Unfortunately, putative underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Moreover, implementing non-pharmacological strategies, such as enriched environments (EE), would be pertinent in the field of neuroprotection. This study aims to explore possible underlying triggering mechanism of hippocampus-dependent behaviors in adolescent animals of both sexes following ethanol intake, noise exposure, or a combination of both, as well as the impact of EE. Adolescent Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to an intermittent voluntary EtOH intake paradigm for one week. A subgroup of animals was exposed to white noise for two hours after the last session of EtOH intake. Some animals of both groups were housed in EE cages. Hippocampal-dependent behavioral assessment and hippocampal oxidative state evaluation were performed. Results show that different hippocampal-dependent behavioral alterations might be induced in animals of both sexes after EtOH intake and sequential noise exposure, that in some cases are sex-specific. Moreover, hippocampal oxidative imbalance seems to be one of the potential underlying mechanisms. Additionally, most behavioral and oxidative alterations were prevented by EE. These findings suggest that two frequently found environmental agents may impact behavior and oxidative pathways in both sexes in an animal model. In addition, EE resulted a partially effective neuroprotective strategy. Therefore, it could be suggested that the implementation of a non-pharmacological approach might also potentially provide neuroprotective advantages against other challenges. Finally, considering its potential for translational human benefit might be worth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Buján
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L D'Alessio
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H A Serra
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L R Guelman
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - S J Molina
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Werle I, Nascimento LMM, Dos Santos ALA, Soares LA, Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC, Bertoglio LJ. Ayahuasca-enhanced extinction of fear behaviour: Role of infralimbic cortex 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 1A receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1671-1689. [PMID: 38320596 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ayahuasca (AYA) is a botanical psychedelic with promising results in observational and small clinical trials for depression, trauma and drug use disorders. Its psychoactive effects primarily stem from N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). However, there is a lack of research on how and where AYA acts in the brain. This study addressed these questions by examining the extinction of aversive memories in AYA-treated rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We focused on the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, as DMT exhibits a high affinity for both of them, along with the infralimbic cortex in which activity and plasticity play crucial roles in regulating the mnemonic process under analysis. KEY RESULTS A single oral treatment with AYA containing 0.3 mg·kg-1 of DMT increased the within-session extinction of contextual freezing behaviour without affecting its recall. This protocol, when repeated twice on consecutive days, enhanced extinction recall. These effects were consistent for both 1- and 21-day-old memories in males and females. AYA effects on fear extinction were independent of changes in anxiety and general exploratory activity: AYA- and vehicle-treated animals showed no differences when tested in the elevated plus-maze. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL-11,939 and the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 infused into the infralimbic cortex respectively blocked within- and between-session fear extinction effects resulting from repeated oral administration of AYA. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings highlight complementary mechanisms by which AYA facilitates the behavioural suppression of aversive memories in the rat infralimbic cortex. These results suggest potential beneficial effects of AYA or DMT in stress-related disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Fear/drug effects
- Fear/physiology
- Male
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Extinction, Psychological/drug effects
- Rats
- Banisteriopsis/chemistry
- Hallucinogens/pharmacology
- Hallucinogens/administration & dosage
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Pyridines/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Werle
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Laura M M Nascimento
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aymee L A Dos Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciane A Soares
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Dos Santos
- Departamento de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology-Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- Departamento de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology-Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro J Bertoglio
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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15
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Kumar S, Jaiswal S, Gupta SK, Ayyannan SR. Benzimidazole-derived carbohydrazones as dual monoamine oxidases and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and evaluation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4710-4729. [PMID: 37345530 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2224887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel benzimidazole-derived carbohydrazones was designed, synthesized and evaluated for their dual inhibition potential against monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using multitarget-directed ligand approach (MTDL). The investigated compounds have exhibited moderate to excellent in vitro MAOs/AChE inhibitory activity at micromolar to nanomolar concentrations. Compound 12, 2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-N'-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylidene]acetohydrazide has emerged as a lead dual MAO-AChE inhibitor by exhibiting superior multi-target activity profile against MAO-A (IC50 = 0.067 ± 0.018 µM), MAO-B (IC50 = 0.029 ± 0.005 µM) and AChE (IC50 = 1.37 ± 0.026 µM). SAR studies suggest that the site A (hydrophobic ring) and site C (semicarbazone linker) modifications attempted on the semicarbazone-based MTDL resulted in a significant enhancement in the MAO-A/B inhibitory potential and a drastic decrease in the AChE inhibitory activity. Further, molecular docking and dynamics simulation experiments disclosed the possible molecular interactions of inhibitors inside the active site of respective enzymes. Also, computational prediction of drug-likeness and ADME parameters of test compounds revealed their drug-like characteristics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
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16
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Voulgaris A, Biedermann SV, Biedermann D, Bründl S, Roth L, Wiessner C, Briken P, Fuss J. The impact of psychopathic traits on anxiety-related behaviors in a mixed reality environment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11832. [PMID: 38782995 PMCID: PMC11116403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing debate about anxiety deficits in psychopathy and their possible impact on individual behavior. Data on actual anxiety- and threat-related behavior associated with psychopathy is still limited. We performed a mixed reality study using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) in a non-clinical sample (N = 160) to test anxiety-related behavior in relation to psychopathic personality traits measured through the Brief Questionnaire of Psychopathic Personality Traits (FPP). The psychopathy sum score correlated significantly with all measures of anxiety-related behavior on the EPM. Sensation seeking, but not general levels of acrophobia was moreover associated with psychopathic traits. Multivariate analyses revealed that the subscales Fearlessness and Lack of Empathy of the FPP predicted anxious behavior. Our findings are the first to demonstrate the relationship between psychopathic traits and actual behavior in an anxiety-inducing environment. This supports the low-anxiety hypothesis in psychopathy research. Implications for potentially harmful or risky behavior are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Voulgaris
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sarah V Biedermann
- Social and Emotional Neuroscience Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Biedermann
- Social and Emotional Neuroscience Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Alfredstr. 68-72, 45130, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Bründl
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Alfredstr. 68-72, 45130, Essen, Germany
| | - Lateefah Roth
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Alfredstr. 68-72, 45130, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Wiessner
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Fuss
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Alfredstr. 68-72, 45130, Essen, Germany.
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17
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Sadighi M, Mai L, Xu Y, Boillot M, Targa G, Mottarlini F, Brambilla P, Gass P, Caffino L, Fumagalli F, Homberg JR. Chronic exposure to imipramine induces a switch from depression-like to mania-like behavior in female serotonin transporter knockout rats: Role of BDNF signaling in the infralimbic cortex. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:128-142. [PMID: 38280571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly burdensome psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating states of mania and depression. A major challenge in the clinic is the switch from depression to mania, which is often observed in female BD patients during antidepressant treatment such as imipramine. However, the underlying neural basis is unclear. METHODS To investigate the potential neuronal pathways, serotonin transporter knockout (SERT KO) rats, an experimental model of female BD patients, were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests under chronic treatment of the antidepressant imipramine. In addition, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream signaling was examined in the prefrontal cortex. RESULTS Chronic exposure to imipramine reduced anxiety and sociability and problem-solving capacity, and increased thigmotaxis and day/night activity in all animals, but specifically in female SERT KO rats, compared to female wild-type (WT) rats. Further, we found an activation of BDNF-TrkB-Akt pathway signaling in the infralimbic, but not prelimbic, cortex after chronic imipramine treatment in SERT KO, but not WT, rats. LIMITATIONS Repeated testing behaviors could potentially affect the results. Additionally, the imipramine induced changes in behavior and in the BDNF system were measured in separate animals. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that female SERT KO rats, which mirror the female BD patients with the 5-HTTLPR s-allele, are at higher risk of a switch to mania-like behaviors under imipramine treatment. Activation of the BDNF-TrkB-Akt pathway in the infralimbic cortex might contribute to this phenotype, but causal evidence remains to be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Sadighi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lingling Mai
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Morgane Boillot
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Targa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Gass
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucia Caffino
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Wei QQ, Yin YY, Qiao YX, Ni H, Han SY, Yao Y, Li YF, Zhang LM, Li J. Anxiolytic-like effects of YL-IPA08, a potent ligand for the translocator protein (18 kDa) via regulating the synaptic plasticity in hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176394. [PMID: 38331342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
TSPO, translocator protein (18 kDa) ligands have demonstrated consistent antidepression and anxiolytic effects in several preclinical studies. This study aimed to examine whether YL-IPA08[N-ethyl-N-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-2-(3,4-ichlorophenyl) -7-methylimidazo [1,2-a] pyridine-3-acetamide hydrochloride], a potent and selective TSPO ligand synthesized by our institute, could alleviate anxiety-related behaviors induced by electric shock (ES) and investigate its underlying mechanism. As expected, we showed that chronic treatment with YL-IPA08 significantly reversed anxiety-related behaviors induced by electrical stimulation (0.5 mA, 12 times, duration 1s, interval 10s) exposure. Using the analysis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology, it was found that the differential genes associated with the anxiolytic effect of YL-IPA08 were mainly related to synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, YL-IPA08 restored the decreased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synapse-related protein (e.g. synapsin-1 and post-synaptic density95, PSD95), and the number of doublecortin (DCX) + neurons in the hippocampus of post-ES mice. In addition, YL-IPA08 also enhanced the dendritic complexity and dendritic spine density of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) granule neurons. Meanwhile, the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) was significantly enhanced by YL-IPA08. In summary, the findings from the current study showed that YL-IPA08 exerted a clear anxiolytic effect, which might be partially mediated by promoting hippocampal neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yin
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Xing Qiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China; Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Han Ni
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China; Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuo-Yu Han
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yishan Yao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China.
| | - Junxu Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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El Brouzi MY, Lamtai M, Zghari O, El Hamzaoui A, Rezqaoui A, Hadch Z, Fath N, Ouichou A, El Hessni A, Mesfioui A. Melatonin is a Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Agent against Neurotoxicity Induced by an Intrahippocampal Injection of Nickel in Rats. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:24. [PMID: 38598025 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The investigation into the hippocampal function and its response to heavy metal exposure is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity, this can potentially inform strategies for mitigating the adverse effects associated with heavy metal exposure. Melatonin is an essential neuromodulator known for its efficacy as an antioxidant. In this study, we aimed to determine whether melatonin could protect against Nickel (Ni) neurotoxicity. To achieve this, we performed an intracerebral injection of Ni (300 µM NiCl2) into the right hippocampus of male Wistar rats, followed by melatonin treatment. Based on neurobehavioral and neurobiochemical assessments, our results demonstrate that melatonin efficiently enhances Ni-induced behavioral dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Specifically, melatonin treatment positively influences anxious behavior, significantly reduces immobility time in the forced swim test (FST), and improves learning and spatial memory abilities. Moreover, neurobiochemical assays revealed that melatonin treatment modulates the Ni-induced alterations in oxidative stress balance by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, we observed that melatonin significantly attenuated the increased levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO). In conclusion, the data from this study suggests that melatonin attenuates oxidative stress, which is the primary mechanism responsible for Ni-induced neurotoxicity. Considering that the hippocampus is the main structure involved in the pathology associated with heavy metal intoxication, such as Ni, these findings underscore the potential therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in mitigating heavy metal-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yassine El Brouzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco.
| | - Mouloud Lamtai
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Oussama Zghari
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Abdelghafour El Hamzaoui
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Rezqaoui
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Zahra Hadch
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Nada Fath
- Compared Anatomy Unit, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ali Ouichou
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Aboubaker El Hessni
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Abdelhalem Mesfioui
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neuro-Immunology and Behavior Unit, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
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20
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Gencturk S, Unal G. Rodent tests of depression and anxiety: Construct validity and translational relevance. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:191-224. [PMID: 38413466 PMCID: PMC11039509 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Behavioral testing constitutes the primary method to measure the emotional states of nonhuman animals in preclinical research. Emerging as the characteristic tool of the behaviorist school of psychology, behavioral testing of animals, particularly rodents, is employed to understand the complex cognitive and affective symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders. Following the symptom-based diagnosis model of the DSM, rodent models and tests of depression and anxiety focus on behavioral patterns that resemble the superficial symptoms of these disorders. While these practices provided researchers with a platform to screen novel antidepressant and anxiolytic drug candidates, their construct validity-involving relevant underlying mechanisms-has been questioned. In this review, we present the laboratory procedures used to assess depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in rats and mice. These include constructs that rely on stress-triggered responses, such as behavioral despair, and those that emerge with nonaversive training, such as cognitive bias. We describe the specific behavioral tests that are used to assess these constructs and discuss the criticisms on their theoretical background. We review specific concerns about the construct validity and translational relevance of individual behavioral tests, outline the limitations of the traditional, symptom-based interpretation, and introduce novel, ethologically relevant frameworks that emphasize simple behavioral patterns. Finally, we explore behavioral monitoring and morphological analysis methods that can be integrated into behavioral testing and discuss how they can enhance the construct validity of these tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Gencturk
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boğaziçi University, 34342, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunes Unal
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boğaziçi University, 34342, Istanbul, Turkey.
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21
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Gan L, Tian S, Wang D, Liu W. Boldness suppresses hoarding behavior in food hoarding season and reduces over-wintering survival in a social rodent. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11252. [PMID: 38601856 PMCID: PMC11004661 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The "pace-of-life" syndrome (POLS) framework can encompass multiple personality axes that drive important functional behaviors (e.g., foraging behavior) and that co-vary with multiple life history traits. Food hoarding is an adaptive behavior important for an animal's ability to adapt to seasonal fluctuations in food availability. However, the empirical evidence for the relationships between animal personality and hoarding behavior remains unclear, including its fitness consequences in the POLS framework. In this study, the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), a social rodent, was used as a model system to investigate how boldness or shyness is associated with food hoarding strategies during the food hoarding season and their impact on over-winter survival and reproduction at both individual and group levels. The results of this study showed that, compared with shy gerbils, bold gerbils had a lower effort foraging strategy during the food hoarding season and exhibited lower over-winter survival rates. However, bold-shy personality differences had no effect on over-winter reproduction. These findings suggest that the personality is a crucial factor influencing the foraging strategy during the food hoarding season in Mongolian gerbils. Personality may be related to energy states or the reaction to environmental changes (e.g., predation risk and food availability) in bold or shy social animals. These results reflect animal life history trade-offs between current versus future reproduction and reproduction versus self-maintenance, thereby helping Mongolian gerbils in adapting to seasonal fluctuations in their habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuang‐Jie Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic InteractionsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - De‐Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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22
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Bustelli IB, Oliveira LM, Correa-Netto NF, Stilhano RS, Caetano AL. Behavioral effects of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced damage to nigro-striatal pathway and Locus coeruleus as a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2024; 462:114873. [PMID: 38266776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which leads to motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). NMS can appear many years before the classical motor symptoms and are associated with the neurodegeneration of several nuclei; in this work, we highlight the neurodegeneration of Locus coeruleus (LC) in PD. The aim was to investigate the effects of depleting SNpc and LC catecholaminergic neurons on behavioral and neurobiological endpoints. Here we used 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in order to induced neurotoxic damage in three independent experimental groups: SNpc lesion group, which 6-OHDA was injected into CPu (CPu-6-OHDA), LC lesion group, which 6-OHDA was injected directly on LC to selectively caused a damage on this nucleus (LC-6-OHDA), and the combined SNpc and LC lesion group (CL-6-OHDA). Next, the behavioral studies were performed using the Morris water maze (MWM), open field (OF), and elevated plus maze (EPM). After stereotaxic surgeries, the animals showed a loss of 67% and 77% of Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) reactive neurons in the SNpc and LC, respectively. The behavioral analysis showed the anxiety-like behavior in CL-6-OHDA group in the EPM test; in the MWM test, the combined lesions (CL-6-OHDA) showed an impairment in memory acquisition and spatial memory; and no changes were observed in locomotor activity in all the tests. Furthermore, our investigation demonstrating the effects of depleting SN and LC catecholaminergic neurons on behavioral and neurobiological parameters. All these data together lead us to believe that a bilateral PD model including a LC bilateral degeneration is potentially a more accurate model to evaluate the NMS in the pathological development of the disease in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella B Bustelli
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Luiz M Oliveira
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Nelson F Correa-Netto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Roberta S Stilhano
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Ariadiny L Caetano
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP 01221-020, Brazil.
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23
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Martins MG, Woodside B, Kiss ACI. Effects of maternal mild hyperglycemia associated with snack intake on offspring metabolism and behavior across the lifespan. Physiol Behav 2024; 276:114483. [PMID: 38331375 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes is of particular concern in women of childbearing age because of the short and long-term consequences of maternal diabetes for the health of the offspring, such as a greater risk of developing metabolic impairments and cognitive deficits. In addition, maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation might contribute to preventing or ameliorating adverse offspring outcomes. Recently, we described that access to snacks exacerbates glucose intolerance in mildly hyperglycemic pregnant dams. Therefore, we hypothesized that these offspring would show greater impairment in metabolic and behavioral outcomes across the lifespan. Neonatal STZ treatment was employed to induce maternal mild hyperglycemia in females. After mating, normo- and hyperglycemic dams were given access either to standard chow or standard show plus snacks. Male and female offspring were evaluated on postnatal days (PND) 30, 90, and 360. Offspring behavior was assessed in the marble burying task, the open-field test, the elevated-plus maze, and sucrose preference. Glucose tolerance and morphometric analyses were also carried out. Maternal hyperglycemia increased body weight and fat deposition only on PND 30, while retroperitoneal fat deposition was reduced in the offspring of snack-fed dams. However, maternal snack intake reduced offspring body weight and length on PND 90. Fasting glucose was increased in females born to hyperglycemic, snack-fed dams on PND 90. Glucose clearance was altered by both maternal conditions in male offspring on PND 30, however, this sex difference was reversed on PND 90, with maternal hyperglycemia impairing glucose clearance only in females. In addition, maternal hyperglycemia reduced anxiety-like behavior in female offspring on PND 30, especially in the offspring of snack-fed dams, while maternal snack intake reduced sucrose preference in both males and females in adulthood. These results suggest that the effects of maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation on offspring outcomes were not exacerbated by snack intake. Although additive effects of the two maternal conditions were hypothesized, the absence of such effects could be related to the mild maternal hyperglycemia induced by STZ treatment even when combined with snack intake. While maternal hyperglycemia alone impaired some offspring outcomes, its association with snack intake did not aggravate those impairments but rather resulted in outcomes more similar to those of offspring born to normoglycemic dams. Finally, females were found to be more susceptible to both the effects of maternal hyperglycemia and snack intake on metabolism and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Galleazzo Martins
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Woodside
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Psychology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ana Carolina Inhasz Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
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24
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Vitor-Vieira F, Patriarcha PP, Rojas VCT, Parreiras SS, Giusti FCV, Giusti-Paiva A. Influence of maternal immune activation on autism-like symptoms and coping strategies in male offspring. Physiol Behav 2024; 275:114432. [PMID: 38081404 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) caused by exposure to pathogens or inflammation during critical periods of gestation increased susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, in the offspring. In the present work, we aimed to provide characterization of the long-term consequences on anxiety-like behavior and cardiovascular stress response of MIA in the offspring. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MIA by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in adult male offspring. In our study, the animals were subjected to a range of behavioral and physiological tests, including the elevated plus maze, social interaction, cat odor response, open field behavior, contextual fear conditioning, and cardiovascular responses during restraint stress. In the offspring of MIA, our study unveiled distinct anxious behaviors. This was evident by fewer entries into the open arms of the maze, diminished anti-thigmotaxis in the open field, and a decrease in social interaction time. Moreover, these rats showed heightened sensitivity to cat odor, exhibited prolonged freezing during fear conditioning, and presented elevated 22 Hz ultrasonic vocalizations. Notably, during restraint stress, these animals manifested an augmented blood pressure response, and this was associated with an increase in c-fos expression in the locus coeruleus compared to the control group. These findings collectively underline the extensive behavioral and physiological alterations stemming from MIA. This study deepens our understanding of the significance of maternal health in predisposing offspring to neurobehavioral deficits and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vitor-Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro P Patriarcha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviana Carolina T Rojas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Sheila S Parreiras
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Giusti-Paiva
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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25
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Wojtas MN, Diaz-González M, Stavtseva N, Shoam Y, Verma P, Buberman A, Izhak I, Geva A, Basch R, Ouro A, Perez-Benitez L, Levy U, Borcel E, Nuñez Á, Venero C, Rotem-Dai N, Veksler-Lublinsky I, Knafo S. Interplay between hippocampal TACR3 and systemic testosterone in regulating anxiety-associated synaptic plasticity. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:686-703. [PMID: 38135756 PMCID: PMC11153148 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) is a member of the tachykinin receptor family and falls within the rhodopsin subfamily. As a G protein-coupled receptor, it responds to neurokinin B (NKB), its high-affinity ligand. Dysfunctional TACR3 has been associated with pubertal failure and anxiety, yet the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Hence, we have investigated the relationship between TACR3 expression, anxiety, sex hormones, and synaptic plasticity in a rat model, which indicated that severe anxiety is linked to dampened TACR3 expression in the ventral hippocampus. TACR3 expression in female rats fluctuates during the estrous cycle, reflecting sensitivity to sex hormones. Indeed, in males, sexual development is associated with a substantial increase in hippocampal TACR3 expression, coinciding with elevated serum testosterone and a significant reduction in anxiety. TACR3 is predominantly expressed in the cell membrane, including the presynaptic compartment, and its modulation significantly influences synaptic activity. Inhibition of TACR3 activity provokes hyperactivation of CaMKII and enhanced AMPA receptor phosphorylation, associated with an increase in spine density. Using a multielectrode array, stronger cross-correlation of firing was evident among neurons following TACR3 inhibition, indicating enhanced connectivity. Deficient TACR3 activity in rats led to lower serum testosterone levels, as well as increased spine density and impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus. Remarkably, aberrant expression of functional TACR3 in spines results in spine shrinkage and pruning, while expression of defective TACR3 increases spine density, size, and the magnitude of cross-correlation. The firing pattern in response to LTP induction was inadequate in neurons expressing defective TACR3, which could be rectified by treatment with testosterone. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between TACR3, sex hormones, anxiety, and synaptic plasticity. These findings highlight potential targets for therapeutic interventions to alleviate anxiety in individuals with TACR3 dysfunction and the implications of TACR3 in anxiety-related neural changes provide an avenue for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Natalia Wojtas
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Diaz-González
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nadezhda Stavtseva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Shoam
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Poonam Verma
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Assaf Buberman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Inbar Izhak
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aria Geva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Roi Basch
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alberto Ouro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- NeuroAging Group Laboratory (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Perez-Benitez
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Uri Levy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Erika Borcel
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ángel Nuñez
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar Venero
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noa Rotem-Dai
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Isana Veksler-Lublinsky
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shira Knafo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento Biología Celular e Histología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.
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26
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Frynta D, Tomanová L, Holubová K, Vobrubová B, Štolhoferová I, Rudolfová V. Structural consistency of exploratory behaviour of sub-adult and adult spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) in seven different tests. Behav Processes 2024; 216:105003. [PMID: 38336236 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2024.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The genus Acomys is of growing importance to many research fields. Previous research has shown that individuals differ when exploring new environments and that these behavioural strategies are consistent in time. In this study, we subjected 60 commensal Acomys cahirinus (37 males, 23 females) to a series of seven tests (free exploration, forced exploration under bright illumination, forced exploration under low illumination, hole board test, vertical activity test, elevated plus maze, and voluntary wheel running) to acquire independent behavioural traits and investigate whether and how personality develops in spiny mice. The full series of experiments was performed twice during ontogeny: once in the sub-adult stage (tested at 62-72 days of age) and once in the adult stage (102-112 days of age). We found that behaviour of the animals was repeatable both within (range of R values from 0.155 to 0.726) and across the two life-stages (0.238 to 0.563). While the structure of behaviour in adults was rather clear, it had not been fully crystalized in sub-adults, suggesting personality changes during maturation, even though some individual traits might be repeatable across ontogeny. Notably, the most consistent behavioural traits across the different tests were jumping and rearing, which are not commonly reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Frynta
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia
| | - Lenka Tomanová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia
| | - Kristína Holubová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, Klecany 250 67, Czechia
| | - Barbora Vobrubová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia
| | - Iveta Štolhoferová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia.
| | - Veronika Rudolfová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 128 00, Czechia; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, Klecany 250 67, Czechia
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27
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Cardoso VSL, Valente-Amaral A, Monteiro RFM, Meira CLS, de Meira NS, da Silva MN, Pinheiro JDJV, Bastos GDNT, Felício JS, Yamada ES. Aqueous extract of Swietenia macrophylla leaf exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-OHDA. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1351718. [PMID: 38449740 PMCID: PMC10914943 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1351718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease affects 2% of the population aged over 65 years and is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the general population. The appearance of motor symptoms is associated with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Clinically significant nonmotor symptoms are also important for severe disability with disease progression. Pharmacological treatment with levodopa, which involves dopamine restitution, results in a temporary improvement in motor symptoms. Among the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of the disease are exacerbated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. A phytochemical prospecting study showed that the aqueous extract of the leaves from Swietenia macrophylla (Melineaceae), known as mahogany, has polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity in a significantly higher percentage than leaf extracts from other Amazonian plants. Furthermore, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of aqueous extract of mahogany leaf has already been demonstrated in an in vitro model. In this study, we hypothesized that the aqueous extract of mahogany leaf (AEML) has a neuroprotective effect in a murine model of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-hydroxidopamine (6-OHDA), due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of its phenolic compounds. Methods Mice were treated daily with the mahogany extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg, starting 7 days before 6-OHDA infusion until post-surgery day 7. Results and discussion The animals from the 6-OHDA/mahogany group, which corresponds to animals injected with the toxin and treated with aqueous extract of the mahogany leaf, presented distinct behavioral phenotypes after apomorphine challenge and were therefore subdivided into 2 groups, 6-OHDA/mahogany F1 and 6-OHDA/mahogany F2. The F1 group showed a significant increase in contralateral rotations, whereas the F2 group did not show rotations after the apomorphine stimulus. In the F1 group, there was an increase, although not significant, in motor performance in the open field and elevated plus maze tests, whereas in the F2 group, there was significant improvement, which may be related to the lesser degree of injury to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. The TH+ histopathological analysis, a dopaminergic neuron marker, confirmed that the lesion to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway was more pronounced in 6-OHDA/mahogany F1 than in 6-OHDA/mahogany F2. Our main result consisted of signs of improvement in the inflammatory profile in both the F1 and F2 6-OHDA/mahogany groups, such as a lower number of IBA-1+ microglial cells in the ventral striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta and a reduction in GFAP+ expression, an astrocyte marker, in the dorsal striatum. In this study, several bioactive compounds in the aqueous extract of mahogany leaf may have contributed to the observed beneficial effects. Further studies are necessary to better characterize their applicability for treating chronic degenerative diseases with inflammatory and oxidative bases, such as Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Váldina Solimar Lopes Cardoso
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Oncology Research Center and Graduate Program in Oncology and Medical Sciences, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anderson Valente-Amaral
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rayan Fidel Martins Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Clarina Loius Silva Meira
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Natália Silva de Meira
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Liquid Chromatography Laboratory, Institute of Exact and Natural Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
- Oncology Research Center and Graduate Program in Oncology and Medical Sciences, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares Bastos
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - João Soares Felício
- Oncology Research Center and Graduate Program in Oncology and Medical Sciences, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Oncology Research Center and Graduate Program in Oncology and Medical Sciences, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Chen L, Lu Y, Hua X, Zhang H, Sun S, Han C. Three methods of behavioural testing to measure anxiety - A review. Behav Processes 2024; 215:104997. [PMID: 38278425 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2024.104997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Behavioural test is very useful to assess the anxiety activity, screen new anxiolytic drugs, explore the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Methods of behavioural testing that reflects different aspects of anxiety emotionality simultaneously have always been a critical issue for academics. In this paper, we reviewed previous methods to use behavioural test to evaluate the anxiety activity. A single test was used to measure only one aspect of anxiety emotionality. A battery of behavioural tests could get a comprehensive information of anxiety profile. In one single trial, open field test, elevated plus maze and light/dark box are integrated to assess different types of emotional behaviours. This new paradigm is useful for evaluating multiple dimensions of behaviours simultaneously, minimizing general concerns about previous test experience and inter-test intervals between tests. It is proposed as a promising alternative to using test battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- The People's Hospital of Huaiyin, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Xiaokai Hua
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Shiguang Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China.
| | - Chunchao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China.
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Lopes LM, Reis-Silva LL, Rodrigues B, Crestani CC. Pharmacological Manipulation of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors in the Anterior and Posterior Subregions of the Insular Cortex Differently Affects Anxiety-Like Behaviors in the Elevated Plus Maze in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:8322844. [PMID: 38327803 PMCID: PMC10849808 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8322844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimaging data in humans and neurobiological studies in rodents have suggested an involvement of the insular cortex (IC) in anxiety manifestations. However, the local neurochemical mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurotransmission has been described as a prominent neurochemical mechanism involved in the expression of anxiety-like behaviors, but the brain sites related are poorly understood. Additionally, several findings indicate that control of physiological and behavioral responses by the IC occurs in a site-specific manner along its rostrocaudal axis. Thus, this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of CRF receptor agonism and antagonism within the anterior and posterior subregions of the IC in controlling anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM). For this, independent groups (six groups) of animals received bilateral microinjections of vehicle, the selective CRF1 receptor antagonist CP376395, or CRF into either the anterior or posterior subregions of the IC. Ten minutes later, the behavior in the EPM was evaluated for five minutes. Treatment of the anterior IC with CP376395, but not with CRF, increased the time and number of entries into the open arms of the EPM. CRF, but not the CRF1 receptor antagonist, microinjected into the posterior IC also increased exploration of the EPM open arms. Taken together, these data indicate that CRFergic neurotransmission in the anterior IC is involved in the expression of anxiety-related behaviors in the EPM. This neurochemical mechanism does not seem to be activated within the posterior IC during exposure to the EPM, but the effects caused by CRF microinjection indicate that activation of CRF receptors in this IC subregion might evoke anxiolytic-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M. Lopes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian L. Reis-Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos C. Crestani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lagström O, Vestin E, Söderpalm B, Ericson M, Adermark L. Subregion specific neuroadaptations in the female rat striatum during acute and protracted withdrawal from nicotine. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:83-94. [PMID: 37500938 PMCID: PMC10769920 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies and clinical observations suggest that nicotine, a major contributor of the global burden of disease, acts in a partially sex specific manner. Still, preclinical research has primarily been conducted in males. More research is thus required to define the effects displayed by nicotine on the female brain. To this end, female rats received 15 injections of either nicotine (0.36mg/kg) or saline, over a 3-week period and were then followed for up to 3 months. Behavioral effects of nicotine were assessed using locomotor activity measurements and elevated plus maze, while neurophysiological changes were monitored using ex vivo electrophysiological field potential recordings conducted in subregions of the dorsal and ventral striatum. Behavioral assessments demonstrated a robust sensitization to the locomotor stimulatory properties of nicotine, but monitored behaviors on the elevated plus maze were not affected during acute (24 h) or protracted (3 months) withdrawal. Electrophysiological recordings revealed a selective increase in excitatory neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens shell and dorsomedial striatum during acute withdrawal. Importantly, accumbal neuroadaptations in nicotine-treated rats correlated with locomotor behavior, supporting a role for the nucleus accumbens in behavioral sensitization. While no sustained neuroadaptations were observed following 3 months withdrawal, there was an overall trend towards reduced inhibitory tone. Together, these findings suggest that nicotine produces selective transformations of striatal brain circuits that may drive specific behaviors associated with nicotine exposure. Furthermore, our observations suggest that sex-specificity should be considered when evaluating long-term effects by nicotine on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oona Lagström
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Edvin Vestin
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderpalm
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Beroendekliniken, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mia Ericson
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Adermark
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Ronquillo J, Nguyen MT, Rothi LY, Bui‐Tu T, Yang J, Halladay LR. Nature and nurture: Comparing mouse behavior in classic versus revised anxiety-like and social behavioral assays in genetically or environmentally defined groups. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12869. [PMID: 37872655 PMCID: PMC10733577 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Widely used rodent anxiety assays like the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the open field test (OFT) are conflated with rodents' natural preference for dark over light environments or protected over open spaces. The EPM and OFT have been used for decades but are often criticized by behavioral scientists. Years ago, two revised anxiety assays were designed to improve upon the "classic" tests by excluding the possibility to avoid or escape aversion. The 3-D radial arm maze (3DR) and the 3-D open field test (3Doft) utilize continual motivational conflict to better model anxiety; each consist of an open space connected to ambiguous paths toward uncertain escape. Despite their utility, the revised assays have not caught on. This could be because no study yet has directly compared classic and revised assays in the same animals. To remedy this, we contrasted behavior from a battery of assays (EPM, OFT, 3DR, 3Doft and a sociability test) in mice defined genetically by isogenic strain, or environmentally by postnatal experience. One major motivation for this work is to inform future studies by offering a transparent look at individual outcomes on these assays, as there is no one-size-fits-all test to assess rodent anxiety-like behavior. Findings suggest that classic assays may sufficiently characterize differences across genetically defined groups, but the revised 3DR may be advantageous for investigating more nuanced behavioral differences such as those stemming from environmental factors. Finally, exposure to multiple assays significantly affected sociability, highlighting concerns for designing and interpreting batteries of rodent behavioral tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Ronquillo
- Department of PsychologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael T. Nguyen
- Department of PsychologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Linnea Y. Rothi
- Department of PsychologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Trung‐Dan Bui‐Tu
- Department of PsychologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jocelyn Yang
- Department of PsychologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCaliforniaUSA
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Faizan M, Jahan I, Ishaq M, Alhalmi A, Khan R, Noman OM, Hasson S, Mothana RA. Neuroprotective effects of trigonelline in kainic acid-induced epilepsy: Behavioral, biochemical, and functional insights. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101843. [PMID: 37961069 PMCID: PMC10638067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trigonelline, an alkaloid found in the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek), has been recognized for its potential in treating various diseases. Notably, trigonelline has demonstrated a neuroprotective impact by reducing intrasynaptosomal calcium levels, inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and regulating cytokines. Kainic acid, an agonist of kainic acid receptors, is utilized for inducing temporal lobe epilepsy and is a common choice for establishing kainic acid-induced status epilepticus, a widely used epileptic model. The neuroprotective effect of trigonelline in the context of kainic acid-induced epilepsy remains unexplored. This study aimed to induce epilepsy by administering kainic acid (10 mg/kg, single subcutaneous dose) and subsequently evaluate the potential anti-epileptic effect of trigonelline (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration for 14 days). Ethosuccimide (ETX) (187.5 mg/kg) served as the standard drug for comparison. The anti-epileptic effect of trigonelline over a 14-day administration period was examined. Behavioral assessments, such as the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test, Open Field Test (OFT), and Plus Maze tests, were conducted 2 h after kainic acid administration to investigate spatial and non-spatial acquisition abilities in rats. Additionally, biochemical analysis encompassing intrasynaptosomal calcium levels, LDH activity, serotonin levels, oxidative indicators, and inflammatory cytokines associated with inflammation were evaluated. Trigonelline exhibited significant behavioral improvements by reducing anxiety in open field and plus maze tests, along with an amelioration of memory impairment. Notably, trigonelline substantially lowered intrasynaptosomal calcium levels and LDH activity, indicating its neuroprotective effect by mitigating cytotoxicity and neuronal injury within the hippocampus tissue. Moreover, trigonelline demonstrated a remarkable reduction in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress indicators. In summary, this study underscores the potential of trigonelline as an anti-epileptic agent in the context of kainic acid-induced epilepsy. The compound exhibited beneficial effects on behavior, neuroprotection, and inflammation, shedding light on its therapeutic promise for epilepsy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faizan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Iram Jahan
- Department of Physiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Science and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ishaq
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahmuddin Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Fu Q, Qiu R, Chen L, Chen Y, Qi W, Cheng Y. Music prevents stress-induced depression and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:317. [PMID: 37828015 PMCID: PMC10570293 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide and remains incurable; however, there is little research on its prevention. The leading cause of depression is stress, and music has been hypothesized to alleviate stress. To examine the potential beneficial effects of music on stress and depression, we subjected mice to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) during the day and music at night. Strikingly, our results indicated that music completely prevented CUMS-induced depression and anxiety-like behaviors in mice, as assessed by the open field, tail suspension, sucrose preference, novelty suppressed feeding, and elevated plus maze tests. We found that listening to music restored serum corticosterone levels in CUMS mice, which may contribute to the beneficial effects of music on the mouse brain, including the restoration of BDNF and Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, listening to music prevented CUMS-induced oxidative stress in the serum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus of mice. Moreover, the CUMS-induced inflammatory responses in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice were prevented by listening to music. Taken together, we have demonstrated for the first time in mice experiments that listening to music prevents stress-induced depression and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Music may restore hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis homeostasis, preventing oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotrophic factor deficits, which had led to the observed phenotypes in CUMS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Institute of National Security, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Institute of National Security, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China.
| | - Wen Qi
- College of Dance, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Institute of National Security, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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Iteire KA, Gbayisomore TJ, Olatuyi OM. Anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and memory enhancement potential of Phyllanthus amarus in potassium-dichromate induced neurotoxicity of male Wistar rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102308. [PMID: 37423467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of aqueous Phyllanthus amarus leaf extract (APALE) in Potassium dichromate (PDc)-induced neurotoxicity. Seventy young adult male, Wistar rats with a weight of 130-150 g, were randomised into seven groups (n = 10): Group 1; distilled water; Group 2: 300 mg/kg APALE; Group 3: 17 mg/kg PDc; Group 4: 5 mg/kg Donepezil (DPZ); Group 5: 17 mg/kg PDc + 400 mg/kg APALE; Group 6:17 mg/kg PDc + 200 mg/kg APALE; Group 7: 17 mg/kg PDc + 5 mg/kg DPZ. All administrations were given once daily via an orogastric cannula for 28 consecutive days. Cognitive assessment tests were employed to ascertain the treatments' effects on the rats' cognitive function. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, morphometric analysis was done, and the brains were dissected for histology, enzyme, and other biochemical analysis. Findings from this study showed that APALE significantly improved locomotive activity, recognition memory sensitivity, protection against fear and anxiety, enhanced decision-making, and improved memory function in a dose-dependent manner comparably to DPZ. In addition, APALE significantly increased antioxidants level, reducing oxidative stress in PDc-induced neurotoxic rats and significantly reducing brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity by regulating gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) levels in PDc-induced neurotoxic rats compared to DPZ. Furthermore, APALE alleviated neuroinflammatory responses via maintaining histoarchitecture and down-regulation of IBA1 and Tau in PDc-induced rats. In conclusion, APALE protected against PDc-induced neurotoxicity via a combination of anti-inflammatory, anticholinergic, and antioxidant effects on the prefrontal cortex of rats.
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Sirchi MM, Motaghi S, Hosseininasab NS, Abbasnejad M, Esmaili-Mahani S, Sepehri G. Age-related changes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114630. [PMID: 37586565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role as a neurotransmitter in anxiety circuits, prominently in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. The synthesis of GABA in the central nervous system is primarily governed by glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67). Aging is associated with emotional alterations, and isolation stress has been linked to increased anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the impact of aging on the gene expression of GAD67 (Gad1) in the medial prefrontal cortex (m PC) and ventral hippocampus (v Hip) of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress. To conduct the study, Wistar rats of different age groups 21-day-old (immature), 42-day-old (peri-adolescent), and 365-day-old (mature adult) were utilized. Each age level was categorized into four groups: 1) Control group - no pre-stressor, no maze, no drug, 2) Innate fear group (M) - no pre-stressor, maze, no drug, 3) Fear-potentiated group (IM) - isolation pre-stressor for 120 min, maze, no drug, and 4) Diazepam-treated group (IMD) - isolation pre-stressor for 120 min, maze, and diazepam administration. Following the tests, the (m PC) and (v Hip) regions were dissected, and Gad1 gene expression changes were assessed using Real-time PCR technique. The results revealed that, across all age groups, Gad1 expression in both the (m PC) and (v Hip) was significantly higher in the fear-potentiated groups (IM) compared to the control and innate fear (M) groups. Notably, in aged 365-day-old rats from the innate fear group (M), the expression of Gad1 in (v Hip) was also higher than that in the control group. Additionally, aged fear-potentiated rats exhibited elevated Gad1 gene expression in both structures compared to other age groups. These findings suggest that isolation stress before exposure to the elevated plus maze (EPM) can elevate Gad1 gene expression in both the (v Hip) and (m PC), and age may play a role in modulating its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Moradi Sirchi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahel Motaghi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Narges Sadat Hosseininasab
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sepehri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Abraham M, Schmerder K, Hedtstück M, Bösing K, Mundorf A, Freund N. Maternal separation and its developmental consequences on anxiety and parvalbumin interneurons in the amygdala. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:1167-1175. [PMID: 37294327 PMCID: PMC10460741 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The early postnatal period represents an exceptionally vulnerable phase for the development of neurobiological alterations, aberrant behavior, and psychiatric disorders. Altered GABAergic activity in the hippocampus and the amygdala have been identified in humans diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorders, as well as in respective animal models. Changes in GABAergic activity can be visualized by immunohistochemical staining of parvalbumin (PV) protein. Therewith, alterations in PV intensity as well as in the integrity of the perineural net surrounding PV positive (PV+) interneurons have been reported as consequences of early stress. In the current study, maternal separation (MS) was used to induce early life stress. Female and male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MS over 4 h from postnatal days 2-20. Then, anxiety behavior and PV+ interneurons in the amygdala were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in adolescence or adulthood. MS induced increased anxiety behavior in the marble-burying test in adolescence as well as in the elevated plus maze in adulthood. No effect of sex was found. Concerning alterations of parvalbumin expression in the amygdala, a trend towards a lower number of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons was shown in the amygdala after MS in adolescence, with no differences in the total number of cells. The current study offers a developmental perspective, suggesting that the kind of anxiety behavior expressed by rats following MS changes over time from active to passive avoidance, indicating that effects of MS are highly dependent on developmental state. Moreover, a cell-type-specific effect of MS on the cellular composition of the amygdala is discussed. The presented study demonstrates the long-lasting consequences of early stress on behavior, offers a possible neurobiological correlate, and discusses possible mediators in the development of these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mate Abraham
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kirsten Schmerder
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Malin Hedtstück
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kimberly Bösing
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annakarina Mundorf
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadja Freund
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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Gaspar L, Bartman S, Coppotelli G, Ross JM. Effect of apparatus characteristics on anxiety-like behavior in young adult and old mice of both sexes assessed by the elevated plus maze assay. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1182661. [PMID: 37638110 PMCID: PMC10450508 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1182661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of anxiety-like disorders in humans has been shown to decrease with aging; however, it is still under debate whether there are similarities in mice, which would support the use of mouse models in understanding the neuronal network changes that regulate anxiety-like behavior in aging. One of the most common tests used to assess anxiety-like behavior in laboratory animals is the elevated plus maze (EPM). Although several variables, such as room brightness and width of the maze arms, have been shown to influence the spontaneous animal behavior during the EPM test, none of these variables have ever been evaluated in aging to understand their possible differential effect on younger and older mice. We therefore decided to investigate the effect of apparatus construction on young adult and old mice of both sexes on EPM test performance. Our results show that distance traveled during the test is the variable that is most affected by apparatus characteristics independent of age and sex. We also found that apparatus construction was key in demonstrating that old mice spent more time and had relatively more entries in the open arms as compared to young mice, suggesting a decrease in anxiety-like behavior with age. Taken together, our data demonstrate that EPM apparatus characteristics dramatically affect test outcome with a wider arm apparatus being more effective in revealing age-dependent changes in anxiety-like behavior, thus, suggesting the use of a wider arm EPM when conducting aging studies in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Gaspar
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Sydney Bartman
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Giuseppe Coppotelli
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Jaime M. Ross
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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Sarkisova KY, Gabova AV, Fedosova EA, Shatskova AB, Narkevich VB, Kudrin VS. Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of L-Methionine in the WAG/Rij Rat Model of Depression Comorbid with Absence Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12425. [PMID: 37569798 PMCID: PMC10419169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a severe and widespread psychiatric disease that often accompanies epilepsy. Antidepressant treatment of depression comorbid with epilepsy is a major concern due to the risk of seizure aggravation. SAMe, a universal methyl donor for DNA methylation and the synthesis of brain monoamines, is known to have high antidepressant activity. This study aimed to find out whether L-methionine (L-MET), a precursor of SAMe, can have antidepressant and/or anxiolytic effects in the WAG/Rij rat model of depression comorbid with absence epilepsy. The results indicate that L-MET reduces the level of anxiety and depression in WAG/Rij rats and suppresses associated epileptic seizures, in contrast to conventional antidepressant imipramine, which aggravates absence seizures. The antidepressant effect of L-MET was comparable with that of the conventional antidepressants imipramine and fluoxetine. However, the antidepressant profile of L-MET was more similar to imipramine than to fluoxetine. Taken together, our findings suggest that L-MET could serve as a promising new antidepressant drug with anxiolytic properties for the treatment of depression comorbid with absence epilepsy. Increases in the level of monoamines and their metabolites-DA, DOPAC, HVA, NA, and MHPG-in several brain structures, is suggested to be a neurochemical mechanism of the beneficial phenotypic effect of L-MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Yu. Sarkisova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str. 5A, Moscow 117485, Russia; (A.V.G.); (E.A.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Alexandra V. Gabova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str. 5A, Moscow 117485, Russia; (A.V.G.); (E.A.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Fedosova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str. 5A, Moscow 117485, Russia; (A.V.G.); (E.A.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Alla B. Shatskova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str. 5A, Moscow 117485, Russia; (A.V.G.); (E.A.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Victor B. Narkevich
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Research Institute of Pharmacology named after V.V. Zakusov”, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, Moscow 125315, Russia; (V.B.N.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Vladimir S. Kudrin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Research Institute of Pharmacology named after V.V. Zakusov”, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, Moscow 125315, Russia; (V.B.N.); (V.S.K.)
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Esteban-Martos A, Brokate-Llanos AM, Real LM, Melgar-Locatelli S, de Rojas I, Castro-Zavala A, Bravo MJ, Mañas-Padilla MDC, García-González P, Ruiz-Galdon M, Pacheco-Sánchez B, Polvillo R, Rodriguez de Fonseca F, González I, Castilla-Ortega E, Muñoz MJ, Rivera P, Reyes-Engel A, Ruiz A, Royo JL. A Functional Pipeline of Genome-Wide Association Data Leads to Midostaurin as a Repurposed Drug for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12079. [PMID: 37569459 PMCID: PMC10418421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) constitute a powerful tool to identify the different biochemical pathways associated with disease. This knowledge can be used to prioritize drugs targeting these routes, paving the road to clinical application. Here, we describe DAGGER (Drug Repositioning by Analysis of GWAS and Gene Expression in R), a straightforward pipeline to find currently approved drugs with repurposing potential. As a proof of concept, we analyzed a meta-GWAS of 1.6 × 107 single-nucleotide polymorphisms performed on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our pipeline uses the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and Drug Gene Interaction (DGI) databases for a rational prioritization of 22 druggable targets. Next, we performed a two-stage in vivo functional assay. We used a C. elegans humanized model over-expressing the Aβ1-42 peptide. We assayed the five top-scoring candidate drugs, finding midostaurin, a multitarget protein kinase inhibitor, to be a protective drug. Next, 3xTg AD transgenic mice were used for a final evaluation of midostaurin's effect. Behavioral testing after three weeks of 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal treatment revealed a significant improvement in behavior, including locomotion, anxiety-like behavior, and new-place recognition. Altogether, we consider that our pipeline might be a useful tool for drug repurposing in complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Esteban-Martos
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
| | - Ana Maria Brokate-Llanos
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), UPO/CSIC/JA, Ctra Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-L.); (R.P.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Luis Miguel Real
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Melgar-Locatelli
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (I.d.R.); (P.G.-G.); (A.R.)
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Castro-Zavala
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Bravo
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
| | - Maria del Carmen Mañas-Padilla
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (I.d.R.); (P.G.-G.); (A.R.)
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maximiliano Ruiz-Galdon
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
| | - Beatriz Pacheco-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Rocío Polvillo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), UPO/CSIC/JA, Ctra Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-L.); (R.P.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Irene González
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
| | - Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Muñoz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), UPO/CSIC/JA, Ctra Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-L.); (R.P.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Patricia Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain; (S.M.-L.); (A.C.-Z.); (M.d.C.M.-P.); (B.P.-S.); (F.R.d.F.); (E.C.-O.); (P.R.)
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Armando Reyes-Engel
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (I.d.R.); (P.G.-G.); (A.R.)
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Royo
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Boulevard Louis Pasteur s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain; (A.E.-M.); (L.M.R.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-G.); (I.G.); (A.R.-E.)
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Korff A, Yang X, O’Donovan K, Gonzalez A, Teubner BJ, Nakamura H, Messing J, Yang F, Carisey AF, Wang YD, Patni T, Sheppard H, Zakharenko SS, Chook YM, Taylor JP, Kim HJ. A murine model of hnRNPH2-related neurodevelopmental disorder reveals a mechanism for genetic compensation by Hnrnph1. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e160309. [PMID: 37463454 PMCID: PMC10348767 DOI: 10.1172/jci160309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in HNRNPH2 cause an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with features that include developmental delay, motor function deficits, and seizures. More than 90% of patients with hnRNPH2 have a missense mutation within or adjacent to the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of hnRNPH2. Here, we report that hnRNPH2 NLS mutations caused reduced interaction with the nuclear transport receptor Kapβ2 and resulted in modest cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNPH2. We generated 2 knockin mouse models with human-equivalent mutations in Hnrnph2 as well as Hnrnph2-KO mice. Knockin mice recapitulated clinical features of the human disorder, including reduced survival in male mice, impaired motor and cognitive functions, and increased susceptibility to audiogenic seizures. In contrast, 2 independent lines of Hnrnph2-KO mice showed no detectable phenotypes. Notably, KO mice had upregulated expression of Hnrnph1, a paralog of Hnrnph2, whereas knockin mice failed to upregulate Hnrnph1. Thus, genetic compensation by Hnrnph1 may counteract the loss of hnRNPH2. These findings suggest that HNRNPH2-related disorder may be driven by a toxic gain of function or a complex loss of HNRNPH2 function with impaired compensation by HNRNPH1. The knockin mice described here are an important resource for preclinical studies to assess the therapeutic benefit of gene replacement or knockdown of mutant hnRNPH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Korff
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin O’Donovan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Abner Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Haruko Nakamura
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - James Messing
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexandre F. Carisey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Heather Sheppard
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Yuh Min Chook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - J. Paul Taylor
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Hong Joo Kim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Kwee CMB, Leen NA, Van der Kamp RC, Van Lissa CJ, Cath DC, Groenink L, Baas JMP. Anxiolytic effects of endocannabinoid enhancing compounds: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 72:79-94. [PMID: 37094409 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is a promising candidate for anxiolytic therapy, but translation to the clinic has been lagging. We meta-analyzed the evidence for anxiety-reduction by compounds that facilitate endocannabinoid signaling in humans and animals. To identify areas of specific potential, effects of moderators were assessed. Literature was searched in Pubmed and Embase up to May 2021. A placebo/vehicle-control group was required and in human studies, randomization. We excluded studies that co-administered other substances. Risk of bias was assessed with SYRCLE's RoB tool and Cochrane RoB 2.0. We conducted three-level random effects meta-analyses and explored sources of heterogeneity using Bayesian regularized meta-regression (BRMA). The systematic review yielded 134 studies. We analyzed 120 studies (114 animal, 6 human) that investigated cannabidiol (CBD, 61), URB597 (39), PF-3845 (6) and AM404 (14). Pooled effects on conditioned and unconditioned anxiety in animals (with the exception of URB597 on unconditioned anxiety) and on experimentally induced anxiety in humans favored the investigational drugs over placebo/vehicle. Publication year was negatively associated with effects of CBD on unconditioned anxiety. Compared to approach avoidance tests, tests of repetitive-compulsive behavior were associated with larger effects of CBD and URB597, and the social interaction test with smaller effects of URB597. Larger effects of CBD on unconditioned anxiety were observed when anxiety pre-existed. Studies reported few side effects at therapeutic doses. The evidence quality was low with indications of publication bias. More clinical trials are needed to translate the overall positive results to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M B Kwee
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Altrecht Academic Anxiety Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Nadia A Leen
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Brain Research & Innovation Center, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rian C Van der Kamp
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, VUmc medical faculty, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar J Van Lissa
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle C Cath
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; GGZ Drenthe, Department of specialist trainings, Assen, the Netherlands
| | - Lucianne Groenink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, UIPS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna M P Baas
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Ronquillo J, Nguyen MT, Rothi L, Bui-Tu TD, Yang J, Halladay LR. Nature and nurture: comparing mouse behavior in classic versus revised anxiety-like and social behavioral assays in genetically or environmentally defined groups. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.16.545212. [PMID: 37398211 PMCID: PMC10312802 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.16.545212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Widely used rodent anxiety assays like the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the open field test (OFT) are often conflated with rodents' natural preference for dark over light environments or protected over open spaces. The EPM and OFT have been used for many decades, yet have also been criticized by generations of behavioral scientists. Several years ago, two revised anxiety assays were designed to improve upon the "classic" tests by excluding the possibility to avoid or escape aversive areas of each maze. The 3-D radial arm maze (3DR) and the 3-D open field test (3Doft) each consist of an open space connected to ambiguous paths toward uncertain escape. This introduces continual motivational conflict, thereby increasing external validity as an anxiety model. But despite this improvement, the revised assays have not caught on. One issue may be that studies to date have not directly compared classic and revised assays in the same animals. To remedy this, we contrasted behavior in a battery of assays (EPM, OFT, 3DR, 3Doft, and a sociability test) in mice defined either genetically by isogenic strain, or environmentally by postnatal experience. Findings indicate that the optimal assay to assess anxiety-like behavior may depend upon grouping variable (e.g. genetic versus environment). We argue that the 3DR may be the most ecologically valid of the anxiety assays tested, while the OFT and 3Doft provided the least useful information. Finally, exposure to multiple assays significantly affected sociability measures, raising concerns for designing and interpreting batteries of behavioral tests in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Ronquillo
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Michael T. Nguyen
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Linnea Rothi
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Trung-Dan Bui-Tu
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Jocelyn Yang
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Lindsay R. Halladay
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
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Alsaud MM, Alhowail AH, Aldubayan MA, Almami IS. The Ameliorative Effect of Pioglitazone against Neuroinflammation Caused by Doxorubicin in Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:4775. [PMID: 37375330 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is linked with complications such as cardiotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction, known as chemobrain. Chemobrain affects up to 75% of cancer survivors, and there are no known therapeutic options for its treatment. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of pioglitazone (PIO) against DOX-induced cognitive impairment. Forty Wistar female rats were equally divided into four groups: control, DOX-treated, PIO-treated, and DOX + PIO-treated. DOX was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg, i.p., twice a week for two weeks (cumulative dose, 20 mg/kg). PIO was dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 2 mg/kg in the PIO and DOX-PIO groups. The survival rates, change in body weight, and behavioral assessment were performed using Y-maze, novel object recognition (NOR), and elevated plus maze (EPM), followed by estimation of neuroinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in brain homogenate and RT-PCR of a brain sample. Our results showed a survival rate of 40% and 65% in the DOX and DOX + PIO groups, respectively, compared with a 100% survival rate in the control and PIO treatment groups at the end of day 14. There was an insignificant increase in body weight in the PIO group and a significant reduction in the DOX and DOX + PIO groups as compared with the control groups. DOX-treated animals exhibited impairment of cognitive function, and the combination PIO showed reversal of DOX-induced cognitive impairment. This was evidenced by changes in IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and also by mRNA expression of TNF- α, and IL-6. In conclusion, PIO treatment produced a reversal of DOX-induced memory impairment by alleviating neuronal inflammation by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- May M Alsaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A Aldubayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtesam S Almami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Williford KM, Taylor A, Melchior JR, Yoon HJ, Sale E, Negasi MD, Adank DN, Brown JA, Bedenbaugh MN, Luchsinger JR, Centanni SW, Patel S, Calipari ES, Simerly RB, Winder DG. BNST PKCδ neurons are activated by specific aversive conditions to promote anxiety-like behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1031-1041. [PMID: 36941364 PMCID: PMC10209190 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical mediator of stress responses and anxiety-like behaviors. Neurons expressing protein kinase C delta (BNSTPKCδ) are an abundant but understudied subpopulation implicated in inhibiting feeding, but which have conflicting reports about their role in anxiety-like behaviors. We have previously shown that expression of PKCδ is dynamically regulated by stress and that BNSTPKCδ cells are recruited during bouts of active stress coping. Here, we first show that in vivo activation of this population is mildly aversive. This aversion was insensitive to prior restraint stress exposure. Further investigation revealed that unlike other BNST subpopulations, BNSTPKCδ cells do not exhibit increased cfos expression following restraint stress. Ex vivo current clamp recordings also indicate they are resistant to firing. To elucidate their afferent control, we next used rabies tracing with whole-brain imaging and channelrhodopsin-assisted circuit mapping, finding that BNSTPKCδ cells receive abundant input from affective, arousal, and sensory regions including the basolateral amygdala (BLA) paraventricular thalamus (PVT) and central amygdala PKCδ-expressing cells (CeAPKCδ). Given these findings, we used in vivo optogenetics and fiber photometry to further examine BNSTPKCδ cells in the context of stress and anxiety-like behavior. We found that BNSTPKCδ cell activity is associated with increased anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, increases following footshock, and unlike other BNST subpopulations, does not desensitize to repeated stress exposure. Taken together, we propose a model in which BNSTPKCδ cells may serve as threat detectors, integrating exteroceptive and interoceptive information to inform stress coping behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie M Williford
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anne Taylor
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James R Melchior
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hye Jean Yoon
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eryn Sale
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Milen D Negasi
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Danielle N Adank
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jordan A Brown
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michelle N Bedenbaugh
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joseph R Luchsinger
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Samuel W Centanni
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sachin Patel
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard B Simerly
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Danny G Winder
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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45
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de Souza FD, Fidale TM, Pereira TCR, Mantovani MM, Deconte SR, Moreira‐Silva D, de Moura FBR, Martins LDQ, Alex dos Santos L, Medeiros RDS, Neto MLF, Resende ES. Effects of hyperprotein diet on anxiety, haemodynamics and morphofunctional aspects of the heart of Wistar rats. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:818-826. [PMID: 36989159 PMCID: PMC10988522 DOI: 10.1113/ep090638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? The consumption of a high-protein diet has been associated with an anxiogenic factor that can influence anxiety and possible cardiovascular changes: does the consumption of a high-protein diet interfere with anxiety, haemodynamics and morphofunctional aspects of the heart of Wistar rats? What is the main finding and its importance? Our study showed that the high-protein diet did not interfere with anxiety and haemodynamics. The animals in the hyperproteic group showed positive heart adaptations characterized by less work and lower heart rate without impairing ejection fraction and systemic blood pressure. ABSTRACT Anxiety is a mechanism preparatory to a response in situations of threat and danger, involving behavioural, affective and physiological factors. Protein-based foods have a high concentration of amino acids which perform multiple functions, including in the biosynthesis of excitatory transmitters for the central nervous system. In recent years, adherence to high-protein diets has been gaining ground in society, on the basis that it brings benefits to the musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a high-protein diet in a state of anxiety and to investigate morphofunctional cardiovascular effects of a high-protein diet in Wistar rats. The experiment lasted 8 weeks and two groups of male rats were submitted to either a normoproteic or a hyperproteic diet. Anxiety was assessed using the plus maze test and cardiovascular morphofunctional aspects using transthoracic echocardiography and invasive measurements of femoral blood pressure. There was no statistically significant difference in the anxiety test, but the hyperproteic group was more agitated, with greater displacement during the test. Changes were found in systolic and end-diastolic volume, left ventricular diameter in systole and heart rate, which were significantly lower in the hyperproteic group, and there was an increase in the thickness of the interventricular septum in diastole. The results showed no influence of the higher protein diet on the animals' anxiety, body weight and haemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flander Diego de Souza
- Experimental Medicine LaboratoryFederal University of Uberlândia‐UFUUberlândiaMGBrazil
- Federal University of ABC, UFABCSão PauloSPBrazil
| | - Thiago Montes Fidale
- Institute of Biotechnology / Department of MedicineFederal University of CatalãoCatalãoGOBrazil
| | | | | | - Simone Ramos Deconte
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences / Department of PhysiologyFederal University of UberlândiaUberlândiaMGBrazil
| | - Daniel Moreira‐Silva
- Federal University of ABC, UFABCSão PauloSPBrazil
- Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Luiz Ferreira Neto
- Faculty of Medicine / Posgraduate Program in Health SciencesFederal University of UberlandiaUberlândiaMGBrazil
| | - Elmiro Santos Resende
- Institute of Biotechnology / Biology InstituteFederal University of Catalão‐GoiásCatalãoGOBrazil
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46
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Del Rosario Hernández T, Joshi NR, Gore SV, Kreiling JA, Creton R. An 8-cage imaging system for automated analyses of mouse behavior. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8113. [PMID: 37208415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of mouse behavior is used in biomedical research to study brain function in health and disease. Well-established rapid assays allow for high-throughput analyses of behavior but have several drawbacks, including measurements of daytime behaviors in nocturnal animals, effects of animal handling, and the lack of an acclimation period in the testing apparatus. We developed a novel 8-cage imaging system, with animated visual stimuli, for automated analyses of mouse behavior in 22-h overnight recordings. Software for image analysis was developed in two open-source programs, ImageJ and DeepLabCut. The imaging system was tested using 4-5 month-old female wild-type mice and 3xTg-AD mice, a widely-used model to study Alzheimer's disease (AD). The overnight recordings provided measurements of multiple behaviors including acclimation to the novel cage environment, day and nighttime activity, stretch-attend postures, location in various cage areas, and habituation to animated visual stimuli. The behavioral profiles were different in wild-type and 3xTg-AD mice. AD-model mice displayed reduced acclimation to the novel cage environment, were hyperactive during the first hour of darkness, and spent less time at home in comparison to wild-type mice. We propose that the imaging system may be used to study various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narendra R Joshi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sayali V Gore
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jill A Kreiling
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Robbert Creton
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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47
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de Oliveira-Silva J, Lisboa PC, Lotufo-Denucci B, Fraga M, de Moura EG, Nunes FC, Ribeiro-Carvalho A, Filgueiras CC, Abreu-Villaça Y, Manhães AC. Maternal protein restriction during the lactation period disrupts the ontogenetic development of behavioral traits in male Wistar rat offspring. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37185045 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal undernutrition in rats results in short- and long-term behavioral and hormonal alterations in the offspring. It is not clear, however, whether these effects are present since the original insult or if they develop at some specific age later in life. Here, we assessed the ontogenetic profile of behavioral parameters associated with anxiety, exploration and memory/learning of Wistar rat offspring that were subjected to protein malnutrition during lactation. Dams and respective litters were separated into two groups: (1) protein-restricted (PR), which received a hypoproteic chow (8% protein) from birth to weaning [postnatal day (PN) 21]; (2) control (C), which received normoproteic chow. Offspring's behaviors, corticosterone, catecholamines, T3 and T4 levels were assessed at PN21 (weaning), PN45 (adolescence), PN90 (young adulthood) or PN180 (adulthood). PR offspring showed an age-independent reduction in the levels of anxiety-like behaviors in the Elevated Plus Maze and better memory performance in the Radial Arm Water Maze. PR offspring showed peak exploratory activity in the Open Field earlier in life, at PN45, than C, which showed theirs at PN90. Corticosterone was reduced in PR offspring, particularly at young adulthood, while catecholamines were increased at weaning and adulthood. The current study shows that considerable age-dependent variations in the expression of the observed behaviors and hormonal levels exist from weaning to adulthood in rats, and that protein restriction during lactation has complex variable-dependent effects on the ontogenesis of the assessed parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Oliveira-Silva
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Lisboa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lotufo-Denucci
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Mabel Fraga
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Egberto G de Moura
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C Nunes
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Dr. Francisco Portela 1470 - Patronato, São Gonçalo, RJ, 24435-005, Brazil
| | - Cláudio C Filgueiras
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Yael Abreu-Villaça
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Alex C Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5 andar - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
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48
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Calisir M, Yilmaz O, Kolatan HE, Sezgin AK. EFFECTS OF LITTER SIZE AND CAGING ON PHYSICAL AND MENTAL DEVELOPMENT IN RATS. Physiol Behav 2023; 267:114200. [PMID: 37075964 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
As a multidisciplinary field, laboratory animal science promotes or accelerates the emergence of innovative ideas and products. As research has increased, so has the demand for laboratory animals with reliable, standardized characteristics. Thus, the breeding, reproduction, and welfare of laboratory animals are now animals reliable and more. The aim of this study to investigate whether different litter sizes of mothers and different husbandry methods affect the physical and mental development of pups. 30 adults female Wistar Hanover albino rats weighing 200-250 g were used for the study. The weight of the pups was measured once a week from birth until the end of the study, and their physical development was observed. After the pups were weaned, they were randomly divided into cages by sex. The 45 male and 45 female pups were housed in groups of three, five, and seven per cage. When the pups were 12 weeks old, open field test, elevated plus-maze test and Morris water maze behavioral tests were performed every other day, and then plasma corticosterone levels were measured. When the male and female pups in the groups were 14 weeks old, six females were taken from each housing group and mated, and the conception rates and maternal behavior of the pups were observed. During lactation, physical developmental parameters and the body weight of the rats were affected by litter size. Among the post-weaning housing groups, cage density was found to affect weight gain and body weight between groups. It was found that only the sex factor caused significant differences in the behavior of the animals. Females housed with seven rats per cage had higher corticosteroid levels than other females. As a result, it was observed that cages with seven female rats were more physically and psychologically affected than those with three and five rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Calisir
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Efsun Kolatan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Kocak Sezgin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
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49
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Fotio Y, Mabou Tagne A, Jung KM, Piomelli D. Fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition alleviates anxiety-like symptoms in a rat model used to study post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00213-023-06358-y. [PMID: 37017699 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a chronic debilitating condition that affects nearly 5-10% of American adults, is treated with a handful of FDA-approved drugs that provide at best symptomatic relief and exert multiple side effects. Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that inhibitors of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which deactivates the endocannabinoid anandamide, exhibit anxiolytic-like properties in animal models. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two novel brain-permeable FAAH inhibitors - the compounds ARN14633 and ARN14280 - in a rat model of predator stress-induced long-term anxiety used to study PTSD. METHODS We exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats to 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT), a volatile constituent of fox feces, and assessed anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test seven days later. We measured FAAH activity using a radiometric assay and brain levels of FAAH substrates by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Rats challenged with TMT developed persistent (≥ 7 days) anxiety-like symptoms in the EPM test. Intraperitoneal administration of ARN14633 or ARN14280 1 h before testing suppressed TMT-induced anxiety-like behaviors with median effective doses (ED50) of 0.23 and 0.33 mg/kg, respectively. The effects were negatively correlated (ARN14663: R2 = 0.455; ARN14280: R2 = 0.655) with the inhibition of brain FAAH activity and were accompanied by increases in brain FAAH substrate levels. CONCLUSIONS The results support the hypothesis that FAAH-regulated lipid signaling serves important regulatory functions in the response to stress and confirm that FAAH inhibitors may be useful for the management of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Fotio
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alex Mabou Tagne
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kwang-Mook Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA.
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50
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Hammad AM, Alhusban AA, Alzaghari LF, Alasmari F, Sari Y. Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Aspirin Treatment on Neurotransmitters’ Tissue Content in Rats’ Hippocampus and Amygdala. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040515. [PMID: 37110173 PMCID: PMC10145483 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke withdrawal can cause anxiety-like behavior and modulate neurotransmitter-related proteins in the brain. We examined the effects of cigarette smoke with and without aspirin treatment on the concentrations of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA in the amygdala and hippocampus. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four different groups: (1) control group exposed only to standard room air, (2) cigarette smoke exposed group treated with saline vehicle, (3) cigarette smoke exposed group treated with aspirin (30 mg/kg), and (4) control group treated only with aspirin (30 mg/kg). Cigarette smoke exposure was performed for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 31 days. Behavioral testing was carried out weekly, 24 h after cigarette smoke exposure, during acute withdrawal. At the end of week 4, rats were given either distilled water (1 mL) or aspirin 45 min before cigarette exposure for 11 days. Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA were extracted from both the amygdala and hippocampus and were separated and quantified using a developed and validated HPLC-MS/MS method. Cigarette smoke withdrawal induced anxiety behaviors, and aspirin treatment reduced this effect. Cigarette smoke exposure increased tissue content of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA, and aspirin treatment reversed this effect. Cigarette smoke caused an increase in tissue content of several neurotransmitters as well as anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were normalized by aspirin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Hammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Ala A. Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Lujain F. Alzaghari
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef Sari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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