1
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Kono M, Ishihara N, Nakane T, Nabetani Y, Kajino M, Okuda T, Hayashi M, Koriyama C, Vogel CFA, Tsuji M, Ishihara Y. Enhancement of keratinocyte survival and migration elicited by interleukin 24 upregulation in dermal microvascular endothelium upon welding-fume exposure. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38940434 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2372403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to welding fumes constitutes a serious health concern. Although the effects of fumes on the respiratory tract have been investigated, few apparent reports were published on their effects on the skin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to welding fumes on skin cells, focusing on interleukin-24 (IL-24), a cytokine involved in the pathophysiology of skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Treatment with welding fumes increased IL-24 expression and production levels in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) which were higher than that in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. IL-24 levels in Trolox and deferoxamine markedly suppressed welding fume-induced IL-24 expression in HDMEC, indicating that oxidative stress may be involved in this cytokine expression. IL-24 released from HDMEC protected keratinocytes from welding fume-induced damage and enhanced keratinocyte migration. Serum IL-24 was higher in welding workers than in general subjects and was positively correlated with elevated serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, an oxidative stress marker. In summary, welding fumes enhanced IL-24 expression in HDMEC, stimulating keratinocyte survival and migration. IL-24 expression in endothelial cells may act as an adaptive response to welding-fume exposure in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maori Kono
- Laboratory of Advanced Cosmetic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology Institute, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nami Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuto Nakane
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yu Nabetani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mizuo Kajino
- Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okuda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Chihaya Koriyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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2
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Panga MJ, Zhao Y. Male Reproductive Toxicity of Antifouling Chemicals: Insights into Oxidative Stress-Induced Infertility and Molecular Mechanisms of Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT). Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:173. [PMID: 38397771 PMCID: PMC10886347 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT), a widely utilized industrial chemical, is recognized for its versatile properties, including antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, and antifouling activities. Despite its widespread use, recent research has shed light on its toxicity, particularly towards the male reproductive system. While investigations into ZPT's impact on male reproduction have been conducted, most of the attention has been directed towards marine organisms. Notably, ZPT has been identified as a catalyst for oxidative stress, contributing to various indicators of male infertility, such as a reduced sperm count, impaired sperm motility, diminished testosterone levels, apoptosis, and degenerative changes in the testicular tissue. Furthermore, discussions surrounding ZPT's effects on DNA and cellular structures have emerged. Despite the abundance of information regarding reproductive toxicity, the molecular mechanisms underlying ZPT's detrimental effects on the male reproductive system remain poorly understood. This review focuses specifically on ZPT, delving into its reported toxicity on male reproduction, while also addressing the broader context by discussing other antifouling chemicals, and emphasizing the need for further exploration into its molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Elsammak GA, Talaat A, Reda S. The possible ameliorative role of Lycopene on Tributyltin induced thyroid damage in adult male albino rats (histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical study). Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:324-338. [PMID: 37125846 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2205922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin is used in industrial applications. This current research aimed to study the effect of Tributyltin on the thyroid gland structure and function of adult male albino rats and the protective effect of Lycopene. Twenty-one male adult albino rats were classified into three groups: Control, treated that received Tributyltin, and protective that received Lycopene with Tributyltin. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and T4, T3, and (TSH) were measured. Tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. Thyroid gland specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Then morphometric and statistical analyses were done. The treated group showed affection in thyroid function and histological structure as vacuolated colloid and cytoplasm and dark nuclei. Ultrastructurally, follicular cells showed irregular shrunken nuclei, atrophied apical microvilli, vacuoles, multiple lysosomal granules, mitochondria with destructed cristae, and extensively dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. There was increase in Caspase-3 immunoexpression and decrease in Beclin-1 immunoexpression. The thyroid structure and biochemical markers improved after Lycopene administration. The thyroid gland damage caused by Tributyltin is ameliorated by Lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada A Elsammak
- Medical Histology and cell biology Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Talaat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar Reda
- Medical Histology and cell biology Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
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4
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Peivasteh-roudsari L, Barzegar-bafrouei R, Sharifi KA, Azimisalim S, Karami M, Abedinzadeh S, Asadinezhad S, Tajdar-oranj B, Mahdavi V, Alizadeh AM, Sadighara P, Ferrante M, Conti GO, Aliyeva A, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Origin, dietary exposure, and toxicity of endocrine-disrupting food chemical contaminants: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18140. [PMID: 37539203 PMCID: PMC10395372 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a growing public health concern worldwide. Consumption of foodstuffs is currently thought to be one of the principal exposure routes to EDCs. However, alternative ways of human exposure are through inhalation of chemicals and dermal contact. These compounds in food products such as canned food, bottled water, dairy products, fish, meat, egg, and vegetables are a ubiquitous concern to the general population. Therefore, understanding EDCs' properties, such as origin, exposure, toxicological impact, and legal aspects are vital to control their release to the environment and food. The present paper provides an overview of the EDCs and their possible disrupting impact on the endocrine system and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raziyeh Barzegar-bafrouei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Kurush Aghbolagh Sharifi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shamimeh Azimisalim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Karami
- Food Safety and Hygiene Division, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Abedinzadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Asadinezhad
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Behrouz Tajdar-oranj
- Food and Drug Administration of Iran, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Mahdavi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 1475744741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Food Safety and Hygiene Division, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia,” Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia,” Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Aynura Aliyeva
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology – State Research Institute, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
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Zapata-Restrepio LM, Hauton C, Hudson MD, Williams ID, Hauton D. Toxicity of tributyltin to the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis: Metabolomic responses indicate impacts to energy metabolism, biochemical composition and reproductive maturation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280777. [PMID: 36745593 PMCID: PMC9901812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tri-Butyl Tin (TBT) remains as a legacy pollutant in the benthic environments. Although the toxic impacts and endocrine disruption caused by TBT to gastropod molluscs have been established, the changes in energy reserves allocated to maintenance, growth, reproduction and survival of European oysters Ostrea edulis, a target species of concerted benthic habitat restoration projects, have not been explored. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of TBT chloride (TBTCl) on potential ions and relevant metabolomic pathways and its association with changes in physiological, biochemical and reproductive parameters in O. edulis exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of TBTCl. Oysters were exposed to TBTCl 20 ng/L (n = 30), 200 ng/L (n = 30) and 2000 ng/L (n = 30) for nine weeks. At the end of the exposure, gametogenic stage, sex, energy reserve content and metabolomic profiling analysis were conducted to elucidate the metabolic alterations that occur in individuals exposed to those compounds. Metabolite analysis showed significant changes in the digestive gland biochemistry in oysters exposed to TBTCl, decreasing tissue ATP concentrations through a combination of the disruption of the TCA cycle and other important molecular pathways involved in homeostasis, mitochondrial metabolism and antioxidant response. TBTCl exposure increased mortality and caused changes in the gametogenesis with cycle arrest in stages G0 and G1. Sex determination was affected by TBTCl exposure, increasing the proportion of oysters identified as males in O. edulis treated at 20ng/l TBTCl, and with an increased proportion of inactive stages in oysters treated with 2000 ng/l TBTCl. The presence and persistence of environmental pollutants, such as TBT, could represent an additional threat to the declining O. edulis populations and related taxa around the world, by increasing mortality, changing reproductive maturation, and disrupting metabolism. Our findings identify the need to consider additional factors (e.g. legacy pollution) when identifying coastal locations for shellfish restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M. Zapata-Restrepio
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Chris Hauton
- Ocean and Earth Sciences, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm D. Hudson
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David Hauton
- Metabolomics Research Group, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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6
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Kono M, Okuda T, Ishihara N, Hagino H, Tani Y, Okochi H, Tokoro C, Takaishi M, Ikeda H, Ishihara Y. Chemokine expression in human 3-dimensional cultured epidermis exposed to PM2.5 collected by cyclonic separation. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:1-13. [PMID: 36726829 PMCID: PMC9839915 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has a risk of inducing several health problems, especially in the respiratory tract. The skin is the largest organ of the human body and is therefore the primary target of PM2.5. In this study, we examined the effects of PM2.5 on the skin using a human 3-dimensional cultured epidermis model. PM2.5 was collected by cyclonic separation in Yokohama, Japan. Global analysis of 34 proteins released from the epidermis revealed that the chemokines, chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) and interleukin 8 (IL-8), were significantly increased in response to PM2.5 exposure. These chemokines stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis in a C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2-dependent manner. The oxidative stress and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathways may be involved in the increased expression of CXCL1 and IL-8 in the human epidermis model. Interestingly, in the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line, PM2.5 did not affect chemokine expression but did induce IL-6 expression, suggesting a different effect of PM2.5 between the epidermis model and HaCaT cells. Overall, PM2.5 could induce the epidermis to release chemokines, followed by neutrophil activation, which might cause an unregulated inflammatory reaction in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maori Kono
- Laboratory of Advanced Cosmetic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
- Product Assurance Division, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, 540-8530 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okuda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, 223-8522 Japan
| | - Nami Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hagino
- Japan Automobile Research Institute, Ibaraki, 305-0822 Japan
| | - Yuto Tani
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okochi
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555 Japan
| | - Chiharu Tokoro
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555 Japan
| | - Masayuki Takaishi
- Laboratory of Advanced Cosmetic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
- Product Assurance Division, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, 540-8530 Japan
| | - Hidefumi Ikeda
- Laboratory of Advanced Cosmetic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
- Product Assurance Division, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, 540-8530 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521 Japan
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Pachwania S, Devi J, Taxak B, Boora A. Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of organotin(IV) complexes derived from Schiff bases of 3-methoxybenzohydrazide. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushila Pachwania
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Jai Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Bharti Taxak
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Ankit Boora
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
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Andrade MN, Melo-Paiva FD, Teixeira MP, Lima-Junior NCD, Soares P, Graceli JB, Carvalho DPD, Morris EAR, Ferreira ACF, Miranda-Alves L. Environmentally relevant dose of the endocrine disruptor tributyltin disturbs redox balance in female thyroid gland. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 553:111689. [PMID: 35690288 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an endocrine disruptor used as a biocide in nautical paints. Even though many TBT effects in marine species are known, data in mammals are scarce, especially regarding the thyroid gland. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a subchronic exposure to TBT on thyroid oxidative stress of female Wistar rats. Rats received vehicle (control group), 200 or 1000 ng TBT/kg body weight/day for 40 days. After euthanasia, one part of the thyroids were collected in order to assess iodide uptake; activity and/or mRNA expression of thyroperoxidase (TPO) and dual oxidases (DUOXs); activity and/or mRNA expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and NADPH oxidase 4 (CAT, GPx, SOD and NOX4); 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression and total thiol groups levels; and mRNA expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ). The remaining part of the thyroid was processed for morphological analysis of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and for collagen deposition. Iodide uptake was not changed with treatments. TPO activity and expression were increased in the TBT1000 group (259.81% and 95.17%). The activity, but not mRNA, of CAT (17.36% TBT200; 27.10% TBT1000) and GPx (29.24% TBT200; 28.97% TBT1000) were decreased by TBT. SOD and NADPH oxidase activity, as well as thiol group and 4-HNE levels remained unchanged. Interstitial collagen deposition increased in the TBT200 group (39.54%). The mRNA expression of ERα increased in TBT-treated rats (44.87% TBT200; 36.43% TBT1000), while protein expression was increased but not reaching significance (TBT1000, p = 0.056) by TBT. Therefore, our results show that TBT increases TPO expression and reduces antioxidant enzyme activities in the thyroid gland leading to oxidative stress. Some of these effects could be mediated by the ERα pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle Novaes Andrade
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisca Diana Melo-Paiva
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pires Teixeira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Niedson Correia de Lima-Junior
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Andrès Rios Morris
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Núcleo Multidisciplinar em Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental - NUMPEX-Bio, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ferraz da Silva I, Merlo E, Costa CS, Graceli JB, Rodrigues LCM. Tributyltin Exposure Is Associated With Recognition Memory Impairments, Alterations in Estrogen Receptor α Protein Levels, and Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Female Mice. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:654077. [PMID: 35295135 PMCID: PMC8915859 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.654077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a persistent organometallic pollutant widely used in several agricultural and industrial processes. TBT exposure is associated with various metabolic, reproductive, immune, and cardiovascular abnormalities. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of TBT on behavior. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether TBT exposure results in oxidative, neuroendocrine, and behavioral alterations. TBT was administered to adult female mice (250, 500, or 750 ng/kg/day or veh for 14 days), and their recognition memory was assessed. We have also evaluated estrogen receptor (ER)α protein expression and oxidative stress (OS) in brain areas related to memory, as well as the correlation between them. A reduction in short- and long-term recognition memory (STM and LTM) performance, as well as in total exploration time was observed in TBT mice. Reduced ERα protein expression was observed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of TBT mice, while an increase in TBARS concentration was observed in the PFC of treated animals. Collectively, these data suggest that TBT exposure impairs recognition memory in female mice as a result of, at least in part, its toxicological effects on ERα expression and OS in specific brain areas related to memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ferraz da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Charles S Costa
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Lívia C M Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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10
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Ganesan R, Sekaran S, Vimalraj S. Solid-state 1H NMR-based metabolomics assessment of tributylin effects in zebrafish bone. Life Sci 2022; 289:120233. [PMID: 34921865 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), an endocrine disruptor is used globally in agribusiness and industries as biocides, heat stabilizers, and in chemical catalysis. It is known for its deleterious effects on bone by negatively impacting the functions of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and mesenchymal stem cells. However, the impact of TBT on the metabolomics profile in bone is not yet studied. Here, we demonstrate alterations in chemical metabolomics profiles measured by solid state 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy in zebrafish bone following tributyltin (TBT) treatment. TBT of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/L were exposed to zebrafish. From this, zebrafish bone has subjected for further metabolomics profiling. Samples were measured via one-dimensional (1D) solvent -suppressed and T2- filtered methods with in vivo zebrafish metabolites. A dose dependent alteration in the metabolomics profile was observed and results indicated a disturbed aminoacid metabolism, TCA cycle, and glycolysis. We found a significant alteration in the levels of glutamate, glutamine, glutathione, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and other metabolites. This investigation hints us the deleterious effects of TBT on zebrafish bone enabling a comprehensive understanding of metabolomics profile and is expected to play a crucial role in understanding the deleterious effects of various endocrine disruptor on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India.
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11
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Mendes ABA, Motta NAV, Lima GF, Autran LJ, Brazão SC, Magliano DC, Sepúlveda-Fragoso V, Scaramello CBV, Graceli JB, Miranda-Alves L, Brito FCF. Evaluation of the effects produced by subacute tributyltin administration on vascular reactivity of male wistar rats. Toxicology 2022; 465:153067. [PMID: 34902535 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin chloride (TBT) is an organotin compound widely used in several high biocides for agroindustrial applications, such as fungicides, and marine antifouling paints leading to endocrine disrupting actions, such as imposex development in mollusks. In female rats, TBT has been shown to promote ovarian dysfunction, reduction of estrogen protective effect in the vascular morphophysiology, at least in part by oxidative stress consequences. Estrogen causes coronary endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation. However, the TBT effects on cardiovascular system of male rats are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of subacute TBT exposure in aorta vascular reactivity from male wistar rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (C), TBT 500 ng/kg/day and TBT 1000 ng/kg/day. TBT was administered daily for 30 days by oral gavage. We found that TBT exposure enhanced testosterone serum levels and it was also observed obesogenic properties. TBT exposure evoked an increase in endothelium-dependent and independent phenylephrine-induced contraction, associated to an inhibition in eNOS activity. On the other hand, it was observed an enhancement of iNOS and NF-kB protein expression. We also observed an increase in oxidative stress parameters, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase expression, and also an increase in malondialdehyde production. Finally, TBT exposure produced aortic intima-media thickness. Taken together, these data suggest a potential cardiovascular toxicological effect after subacute TBT exposure in male rats.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Wistar
- Testosterone/blood
- Trialkyltin Compounds/toxicity
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Araújo Mendes
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry and Postgraduate Program in Morphological Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Nadia Alice Vieira Motta
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ferreira Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lis Jappour Autran
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Stephani Correia Brazão
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - Vinícius Sepúlveda-Fragoso
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - Christianne Brêtas Vieira Scaramello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cell Toxicology, Department of Morphology/ CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry and Postgraduate Program in Morphological Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Ferreira Brito
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
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12
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Saavedra L, Wallace K, Freudenrich TF, Mall M, Mundy WR, Davila J, Shafer TJ, Wernig M, Haag D. Comparison of Acute Effects of Neurotoxic Compounds on Network Activity in Human and Rodent Neural Cultures. Toxicol Sci 2021; 180:295-312. [PMID: 33537736 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of neuroactive effects of chemicals in cell-based assays remains challenging as complex functional tissue is required for biologically relevant readouts. Recent in vitro models using rodent primary neural cultures grown on multielectrode arrays allow quantitative measurements of neural network activity suitable for neurotoxicity screening. However, robust systems for testing effects on network function in human neural models are still lacking. The increasing number of differentiation protocols for generating neurons from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) holds great potential to overcome the unavailability of human primary tissue and expedite cell-based assays. Yet, the variability in neuronal activity, prolonged ontogeny and rather immature stage of most neuronal cells derived by standard differentiation techniques greatly limit their utility for screening neurotoxic effects on human neural networks. Here, we used excitatory and inhibitory neurons, separately generated by direct reprogramming from hiPSCs, together with primary human astrocytes to establish highly functional cultures with defined cell ratios. Such neuron/glia cocultures exhibited pronounced neuronal activity and robust formation of synchronized network activity on multielectrode arrays, albeit with noticeable delay compared with primary rat cortical cultures. We further investigated acute changes of network activity in human neuron/glia cocultures and rat primary cortical cultures in response to compounds with known adverse neuroactive effects, including gamma amino butyric acid receptor antagonists and multiple pesticides. Importantly, we observed largely corresponding concentration-dependent effects on multiple neural network activity metrics using both neural culture types. These results demonstrate the utility of directly converted neuronal cells from hiPSCs for functional neurotoxicity screening of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Saavedra
- NeuCyte Inc., San Carlos, California 94070, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kathleen Wallace
- BCTD, CCTE, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Theresa F Freudenrich
- BCTD, CCTE, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Moritz Mall
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Cell Fate Engineering and Disease Modeling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - William R Mundy
- BCTD, CCTE, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Jorge Davila
- NeuCyte Inc., San Carlos, California 94070, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Timothy J Shafer
- BCTD, CCTE, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Marius Wernig
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Daniel Haag
- NeuCyte Inc., San Carlos, California 94070, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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13
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Magara G, Elia AC, Dörr AJM, Abete MC, Brizio P, Caldaroni B, Righetti M, Pastorino P, Scoparo M, Prearo M. Metal load and oxidative stress driven by organotin compounds on rainbow trout. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:35012-35022. [PMID: 33665696 PMCID: PMC8275540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin-based (TBT) antifouling paints, widely used for the treatment of flooded surfaces, have been banned in 2008 for their high environmental persistence and bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. Although it is still present in aquatic ecosystems, oxidative stress driven by TBT has been still poorly investigated in fish. The aim of the study was to examine the time-course stress responses in liver of rainbow trout that received a single intraperitoneal injection of tributyltin chloride (TBTC) or tributyltin ethoxide (TBTE), both at a dose of 0.05 and 0.5 mg/kg. Levels of metallothioneins, total glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase were evaluated at 3 and 6 days post-injection. Tin load was measured in the muscle of the same fish. Differences were observed in the time-course accumulation of tin with a clear dose-response relationship. Although individual oxidative stress biomarkers varied, the biomarker profile indicated different stress mechanisms caused by both TBTC and TBTE. The weak induction of metal-trapping metallothioneins and the changes of oxidative stress biomarkers suggested a stress-pressure in both TBT-treated trout, advising for an ecotoxicological risk for freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Magara
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ambrosius Josef Martin Dörr
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cesarina Abete
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Brizio
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Caldaroni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marzia Righetti
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Melissa Scoparo
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
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14
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Tanaka M, Fujikawa M, Oguro A, Itoh K, Vogel CFA, Ishihara Y. Involvement of the Microglial Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Neuroinflammation and Vasogenic Edema after Ischemic Stroke. Cells 2021; 10:718. [PMID: 33804845 PMCID: PMC8063823 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are activated after ischemic stroke and induce neuroinflammation. The expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has recently been reported to elicit cytokine expression. We previously reported that microglial activation mediates ischemic edema progression. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of AhR in inflammation and edema after ischemia using a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. MCAO upregulated AhR expression in microglia during ischemia. MCAO increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and then induced edema progression, and worsened the modified neurological severity scores, with these being suppressed by administration of an AhR antagonist, CH223191. In THP-1 macrophages, the NADPH oxidase (NOX) subunit p47phox was significantly increased by AhR ligands, especially under inflammatory conditions. Suppression of NOX activity by apocynin or elimination of superoxide by superoxide dismutase decreased TNFα expression, which was induced by the AhR ligand. AhR ligands also elicited p47phox expression in mouse primary microglia. Thus, p47phox may be important in oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation. In MCAO model mice, P47phox expression was upregulated in microglia by ischemia. Lipid peroxidation induced by MCAO was suppressed by CH223191. Taken together, these findings suggest that AhR in the microglia is involved in neuroinflammation and subsequent edema, after MCAO via p47phox expression upregulation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Tanaka
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.T.); (M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Masaho Fujikawa
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.T.); (M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Ami Oguro
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.T.); (M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Kouichi Itoh
- Laboratory for Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Neurology, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan;
| | - Christoph F. A. Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.T.); (M.F.); (A.O.)
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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15
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Yoon DS, Lee Y, Park JC, Lee MC, Lee JS. Alleviation of tributyltin-induced toxicity by diet and microplastics in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123739. [PMID: 33254767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To determine the effects of tributyltin (TBT) upon multiple exposures of diet and microplastic in rotifer, in vivo life parameters were measured. In 10 μg/L TBT-exposed rotifer, the 1 and 0.5 x diet groups resulted in reproduction reduction. However, 10 x diet treatment showed no significant changes in the total fecundity, despite a decrease in daily reproduction. Besides, differences in the lifespan were observed in response to different diet regimens. TBT and/or MP-exposed parental rotifer (F0) showed a significant delay in the pre-reproductive day under 0.5 x diet regimen. In all dietary regimens, exposure to TBT and MP induced an increase in reactive oxygen species, but antioxidant activities were perturbed. To further verify the carryover effect of TBT toxicity, progeny rotifer (F1) obtained from 24 h TBT and/or MP-exposed F0 was used. Interestingly, the faster hatching rate was observed only in F1 obtained from 1 x diet regimen-exposed F0. However, in the 0.5 x diet, the total fecundity was reduced and the pattern of the daily reproduction was collapsed. Thus, the toxicity of TBT can be alleviated by MP and nutrition status, but TBT-induced toxicity and its carryover effect are inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Seo Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yoseop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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16
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Škerlová J, Ismail A, Lindström H, Sjödin B, Mannervik B, Stenmark P. Structural and functional analysis of the inhibition of equine glutathione transferase A3-3 by organotin endocrine disrupting pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115960. [PMID: 33162212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organotin compounds are highly toxic environmental pollutants with neurotoxic and endocrine-disrupting effects. They are potent inhibitors of glutathione transferases (GSTs), thus impeding their detoxication and antioxidant functions. Several GSTs, including equine GST A3-3 (EcaGST A3-3), exhibit steroid double-bond isomerase activity and are involved in the biosynthesis of testosterone and progesterone. We have performed enzyme kinetics analyses of the inhibition of EcaGST A3-3 by organotin compounds. We have also solved crystal structures of EcaGST A3-3 in complexes with glutathione, and with glutathione together with covalently bound triethyltin. Our structural data indicate that the tin atom forms strong bonds with a covalent character not only with the glutathione, but also with a tyrosyl residue of the enzyme itself, thereby preventing the release of the glutathione-organotin adduct and completely blocking the enzyme function. This work presents a structural basis for the general mechanism of GST inhibition by organotin compounds and contributes to the understanding of their neurotoxic and endocrine disrupting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Škerlová
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aram Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lindström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Sjödin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Mannervik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pål Stenmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden.
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17
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Celesia A, Morana O, Fiore T, Pellerito C, D’Anneo A, Lauricella M, Carlisi D, De Blasio A, Calvaruso G, Giuliano M, Emanuele S. ROS-Dependent ER Stress and Autophagy Mediate the Anti-Tumor Effects of Tributyltin (IV) Ferulate in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218135. [PMID: 33143349 PMCID: PMC7663760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organotin compounds represent potential cancer therapeutics due to their pro-apoptotic action. We recently synthesized the novel organotin ferulic acid derivative tributyltin (IV) ferulate (TBT-F) and demonstrated that it displays anti-tumor properties in colon cancer cells related with autophagic cell death. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of TBT-F action in colon cancer cells. We specifically show that TBT-F-dependent autophagy is determined by a rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and correlated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. TBT-F evoked nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant response and Nrf2 silencing by RNA interference markedly increased the anti-tumor efficacy of the compound. Moreover, as a consequence of ROS production, TBT-F increased the levels of glucose regulated protein 78 (Grp78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), two ER stress markers. Interestingly, Grp78 silencing produced significant decreasing effects on the levels of the autophagic proteins p62 and LC3-II, while only p62 decreased in CHOP-silenced cells. Taken together, these results indicate that ROS-dependent ER stress and autophagy play a major role in the TBT-F action mechanism in colon cancer cells and open a new perspective to consider the compound as a potential candidate for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Celesia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Ornella Morana
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (O.M.); (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Tiziana Fiore
- Department of Physics and Chemistry “Emilio Segrè” (DiFC), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (T.F.); (C.P.)
- Inter-University Consortium for Research on the Chemistry of Metal Ions in Biological Systems (C.I.R.C.M.S.B.), Piazza Umberto I, 1-70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Pellerito
- Department of Physics and Chemistry “Emilio Segrè” (DiFC), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (T.F.); (C.P.)
- Inter-University Consortium for Research on the Chemistry of Metal Ions in Biological Systems (C.I.R.C.M.S.B.), Piazza Umberto I, 1-70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (O.M.); (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (O.M.); (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (O.M.); (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (O.M.); (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (S.E.)
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18
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The BXD21/TyJ recombinant inbred strain as a model for innate inflammatory response in distinct brain regions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13168. [PMID: 32759955 PMCID: PMC7406506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines affect the human brain, increasing the risk for mood and cognitive disorders. Such risk might be selective to brain-specific regions. Here, we determined whether BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mice strains are more suitable than C57BL/6J mice for the understanding of the relationship between antioxidant response and inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that inflammatory responses could be independent of antioxidant response and be inherent to brain-specific regions. This hypothesis will be addressed by the analyses of mRNA expression. We explored, at 7-months-of-age, the innate activation of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) mRNA in both male and female BXD84/RwwJ RI, BXD21/TyJ RI and control strain (C57BL/6J mice). We report that: (1) The cerebellum is more sensitive to antioxidant response in the BXD21/TyJ RI strain; (2) The cerebellum, hippocampus and striatum show increased levels of cytokines in the BXD21/TyJ RI strain; (3) The BXD RI strain has lower brain weight relative to control strain (C57BL/6 mice). In conclusion, our novel data show the utility of the BXD21/TyJ RI strain mice in offering mechanistic insight into Nrf2's role in the inflammatory system.
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19
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Rodrigues-Pereira P, Macedo S, Gaspar TB, Canberk S, Selmi-Ruby S, Máximo V, Soares P, Miranda-Alves L. Relevant dose of the environmental contaminant, tributyltin, promotes histomorphological changes in the thyroid gland of male rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 502:110677. [PMID: 31821856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Organotin compounds, such as tributyltin (TBT), are common environmental contaminants and suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Tributyltin is found in antifouling paints, widely used in ships and other vessels. The present study evaluated whether a 15-day treatment with TBT at a dose of 100 ng/kg/day could induce histomorphological changes in the thyroid gland of rats. TBT promoted relevant alterations in the thyroid architecture, being the most relevant histological findings the presence of increased number of small-size follicles in the treated group. In qualitative analyses, colloid vacuolization, papillary budging structures, cystic degeneration and chronic thyroiditis, were observed. Moreover, histomorphometric analysis showed statistically significant changes in the follicular architecture of TBT-treated rats, mainly a decrease in the follicle area (colloid) and an increased epithelial height that resulted in an increased epithelial height/colloid ratio. Augmented collagen deposition was also seen in the thyroids of treated groups. In immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses, the localization of NIS protein was described and a significant increased proliferation index (evaluated by Ki67 positive cells) in the treated group was reported. As an indirect measurement of oxidative stress, mitochondrial protein SDHA was also analyzed by IHC analysis. Although the cytoplasmic expression of SDHA was observed in both groups, the staining intensity score was higher in TBT-treated group. Our results suggest that besides causing histomorphological changes, environmental relevant dose of TBT treatment can also induce oxidative alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rodrigues-Pereira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sofia Macedo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Bordeira Gaspar
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sule Canberk
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Samia Selmi-Ruby
- Department of Tumoral Escape, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL)-UMR Inserm 1052-CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Mihaljević I, Bašica B, Maraković N, Kovačević R, Smital T. Interaction of organotin compounds with three major glutathione S-transferases in zebrafish. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104713. [PMID: 31706034 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in cellular detoxification as enzymatic mediators of glutathione (GSH) conjugation with a wide range of deleterious compounds, enabling their easier extrusion out of the organism. GSTs are shown to interact with organotin compounds (OTCs), known environmental pollutants, either as substrates, serving as electrophilic targets to the nucleophilic attack of GSH, or as noncompetitive inhibitors by binding to GST active sites and disrupting their enzymatic functions. There is a wide range of deleterious biological effects caused by OTCs in low concentration range. Their environmental concentrations, further potentiated by bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms, correspond with inhibitory constants reported for Gsts in zebrafish, which implies their environmental significance. Therefore, our main goal in this study was to analyze interactions of three major zebrafish Gsts - Gstp1, Gstr1, and Gstt1a - with a series of ten environmentally relevant organotin compounds. Using previously developed Gst inhibition assay with recombinant Gst proteins and fluorescent monochlorobimane as a model substrate, we determined Gst inhibitory constants for all tested OCTs. Furthermore, in order to elucidate nature of Gst interactions with OTCs, we determined type of interactions between tested Gsts and the strongest OTC inhibitors. Our results showed that OTCs can interact with zebrafish Gsts as competitive, noncompetitive, or mixed-type inhibitors. Determined types of interactions were additionally confirmed in silico by molecular docking studies of tested OTCs with newly developed Gst models. In silico models were further used to reveal structures of tested Gsts in more detail and identify crucial amino acid residues which interact with OTCs within Gst active sites. Our results revealed more extensive involvement of Gstr1 and Gstp1 in detoxification of numerous tested OTCs, with low inhibitory constants in nanomolar to low micromolar range and different types of inhibition, whereas Gstt1a noncompetitively interacted with only two tested OTCs with significantly higher inhibitory constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branka Bašica
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radmila Kovačević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tvrtko Smital
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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21
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Ishihara Y, Sakurai H, Oguro A, Tsuji M, Vogel CFA, Yamazaki T. Retinoid X receptor-mediated neuroprotection via CYP19 upregulation and subsequent increases in estradiol synthesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 193:105421. [PMID: 31265900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that one of the major neurosteroids, estradiol, has potent neuroprotective actions. We have reported that estradiol synthesis was enhanced when retinoic acid was added into rat hippocampal slice culture. In this study, we investigated the effects of a potent retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, bexarotene, on estrogen synthesis and neuroprotective action in hippocampal slices. Treatment with bexarotene increased estradiol levels as well as estrogen-synthesizing enzymes and CYP19 expression in hippocampal slice cultures. Bexarotene significantly suppressed neuronal cell death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation. RXR agonists other than bexarotene, such as CD3254, also suppressed neuronal cell death accompanied by OGD/reoxygenation. The RXR antagonists HX531 and UVI3003 and the CYP19 inhibitor letrozole abolished the neuroprotection elicited by bexarotene, indicating that estradiol produced by RXR stimulation protects neurons from ischemic insult. The human brain-specific CYP19 promoter had 6 RXR half sites, and 2 of 6 half sites were responsible for CYP19 expression induced by bexarotene. Bexarotene increased the expression of catalase and glutathione peroxidase 1 and inhibited lipid peroxidation elicited by OGD/reoxygenation, suggesting that the antioxidative property of estrogen contributes to RXR-mediated neuroprotection. Bexarotene also suppressed neuronal injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in the hippocampal slices. Taken together, RXR stimulation can protect neurons via enhanced synthesis of estradiol with antioxidative mechanisms. The RXR-estrogen axis might be a novel mechanism-based strategy to prevent or ameliorate ischemic and/or inflammatory neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Hikaru Sakurai
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Ami Oguro
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Program of Life and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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Klomparens EA, Ding Y. The neuroprotective mechanisms and effects of sulforaphane. Brain Circ 2019; 5:74-83. [PMID: 31334360 PMCID: PMC6611193 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables. It has been shown to have many protective effects against many diseases, including multiple types of cancer. SFN is a potent activator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant response element (ARE) genetic pathway. Upregulation of Nrf2-ARE increases the availability of multiple antioxidants. A substantial amount of preclinical research regarding the ability of SFN to protect the nervous system from many diseases and toxins has been done, but only a few small human trials have been completed. Preclinical data suggest that SFN protects the nervous system through multiple mechanisms and may help reduce the risk of many diseases and reduce the burden of symptoms in existing conditions. This review focuses on the literature regarding the protective effects of SFN on the nervous system. A discussion of neuroprotective mechanisms is followed by a discussion of the protective effects elicited by SFN administration in a multitude of neurological diseases and toxin exposures. SFN is a promising neuroprotective phytochemical which needs further human trials to evaluate its efficacy in preventing and decreasing the burden of many neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Klomparens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
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23
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Duan Q, Si E. MicroRNA-25 aggravates Aβ1-42-induced hippocampal neuron injury in Alzheimer's disease by downregulating KLF2 via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in a mouse model. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15891-15905. [PMID: 31144355 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered as key players in the regulation of neuronal processes. The purpose of the present study is to explore the effect of miR-25 on hippocampal neuron injury in Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by amyloid β (Aβ) peptide fragment 1 to 42 (Aβ1-42) via Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) through the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. A mouse model of AD was established through Aβ1-42 induction. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of miR-25 were analyzed through treatment of miR-25 mimics, miR-25 inhibitors, or small interfering RNA (siRNA) against KLF2 in hippocampal tissues and cells isolated from AD mice. The targeting relationship between miR-25 and KLF2 was predicted using a target prediction program and verified by luciferase activity determination. MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferative ability and flow cytometry to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. KLF2 was confirmed as a target gene of miR-25. When the mice were induced by Aβ1-42, proliferation was suppressed while apoptosis was promoted in hippocampal neurons as evidenced by lower levels of KLF2, Nrf2, haem oxygenase, glutathione S transferase α1, glutathione, thioredoxin, and B-cell lymphoma-2 along with higher bax level. However, such alternations could be reversed by treatment of miR-25 inhibitors. These findings indicate that miR-25 may inhibit hippocampal neuron proliferation while promoting apoptosis, thereby aggravating hippocampal neuron injury through downregulation of KLF2 via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Duan
- Department of Neurology, Heze Third People's Hospital, Heze, People's Republic of China
| | - Erwang Si
- Department of Neurology, Heze Third People's Hospital, Heze, People's Republic of China
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24
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Pereira CLV, Ximenes CF, Merlo E, Sciortino AS, Monteiro JS, Moreira A, Jacobsen BB, Graceli JB, Ginsburg KS, Ribeiro Junior RF, Bers DM, Stefanon I. Cardiotoxicity of environmental contaminant tributyltin involves myocyte oxidative stress and abnormal Ca 2+ handling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:371-382. [PMID: 30690233 PMCID: PMC7724993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin environmental pollutant widely used as an agricultural and wood biocide and in antifouling paints. Countries began restricting TBT use in the 2000s, but their use continues in some agroindustrial processes. We studied the acute effect of TBT on cardiac function by analyzing myocardial contractility and Ca2+ handling. Cardiac contractility was evaluated in isolated papillary muscle and whole heart upon TBT exposure. Isolated ventricular myocytes were used to measure calcium (Ca2+) transients, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content and SR Ca2+ leak (as Ca2+ sparks). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as superoxide anion (O2•-) was detected at intracellular and mitochondrial myocardium. TBT depressed cardiac contractility and relaxation in papillary muscle and intact whole heart. TBT increased cytosolic, mitochondrial ROS production and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. In isolated cardiomyocytes TBT decreased both Ca2+ transients and SR Ca2+ content and increased diastolic SR Ca2+ leak. Decay of twitch and caffeine-induced Ca2+ transients were slowed by the presence of TBT. Dantrolene prevented and Tiron limited the reduction in SR Ca2+ content and transients. The environmental contaminant TBT causes cardiotoxicity within minutes, and may be considered hazardous to the mammalian heart. TBT acutely induced a negative inotropic effect in isolated papillary muscle and whole heart, increased arrhythmogenic SR Ca2+ leak leading to reduced SR Ca2+ content and reduced Ca2+ transients. TBT-induced myocardial ROS production, may destabilize the SR Ca2+ release channel RyR2 and reduce SR Ca2+ pump activity as key factors in the TBT-induced negative inotropic and lusitropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L V Pereira
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - C F Ximenes
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - E Merlo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - A S Sciortino
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - J S Monteiro
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - A Moreira
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - B B Jacobsen
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - J B Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - K S Ginsburg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - R F Ribeiro Junior
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - D M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - I Stefanon
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo- UFES, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA.
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Bašica B, Mihaljević I, Maraković N, Kovačević R, Smital T. Molecular characterization of zebrafish Gstr1, the only member of teleost-specific glutathione S- transferase class. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:196-207. [PMID: 30682622 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional phase II detoxification enzymes with primary function of glutathione conjugation of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. Teleost-specific Gstr1 in zebrafish (Danio rerio) was previously shown to have high expression in toxicologically relevant tissues and high activity towards model substrates. The aim of this study was a detailed functional characterization of zebrafish Gstr1. Molecular docking analyses were used to get novel insight into structural characteristics of Gstr1 and elucidation of the mechanistic interactions with both GSH and various Gstr1 substrates or inhibitors. An initial screening inhibition assay performed using model fluorescence substrate monochlorobimane (MCB) revealed interactions of different endogenous compounds and environmentally relevant xenobiotics with zebrafish Gstr1. All interacting compounds were further analyzed to determine their inhibition type and Ki values. Our data revealed that pregnenolone, progesterone, testosterone, DHEAS and corticosterone competitively inhibited transformation of MCB by Gstr1 with the calculated Ki values in the range 14-26 μM, implying that these hormones are physiological substrates of zebrafish Gstr1. Estrogens had no effect on Gstr1 activity. Taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) expressed lower inhibition potency toward Gstr1 with the Ki value of 33 μM. Among tested xenobiotics tributyltin chloride and rifampicin non-enzymatically bound Gstr1 enzyme (the calculated Ki values are 0.26 μM and 65 μM, respectively) and inhibited its activity, showing that these compounds are reversible noncompetitive inhibitors of zebrafish Gstr1. Insecticide diazinon competitively inhibited Gstr1 activity with calculated Ki value of 27 μM, while other Gstr1-interacting insecticides, chlorpyrifos-methyl (CPF-methyl) and malathion, showed allosteric activation-like effect. Among tested pharmaceuticals, tetracycline, erythromycin and methotrexate demonstrated competitive type of inhibition with the calculated Ki values of 17.5, 36.5 and 29 μM, respectively. In summary, we suggest that zebrafish Gstr1 has an important role in steroidogenesis, metabolism and/or physiological actions of androgens, but not estrogens in fish. Finally, our results imply the role of Gstr1 in metabolism of xenobiotics and protection of fish against deleterious environmental contaminants such as organophosphate insecticides and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Bašica
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivan Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radmila Kovačević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tvrtko Smital
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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26
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Zeng J, Zhang Y, Ruan J, Yang Z, Wang C, Hong Z, Zuo Z. Protective effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol against tributyltin-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5582-5589. [PMID: 29222657 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a biocide extremely toxic to a wide range of organisms, which has been used for decades for industrial purposes. Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid that is isolated from seaweed, and fucoxanthinol is a major primary metabolite of fucoxanthin. Although fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol have been reported to possess anti-oxidant activities in vitro, little is known as to whether they protect against TBT-induced oxidative stress in cultured cells. In the present study, the protective effect of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol against oxidative stress induced by TBT was investigated. The data showed that incubation of HepG2 cells with 0.2 μM TBT significantly increased cell apoptosis, whereas treatment with fucoxanthin or fucoxanthinol (3 μM) significantly recovered cell viability. In addition, fucoxanthinol treatment significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in HepG2 cells incubated with TBT. Moreover, fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol markedly increased the expression level of Bcl-2/Bax. These results demonstrated that both fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol effectively prevented cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells treated with TBT, and the protective effect was likely associated with decreased intracellular ROS and MDA and increased Bcl-2/Bax levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhenggang Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhuan Hong
- Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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Ferraz da Silva I, Freitas-Lima LC, Graceli JB, Rodrigues LCDM. Organotins in Neuronal Damage, Brain Function, and Behavior: A Short Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 8:366. [PMID: 29358929 PMCID: PMC5766656 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The consequences of exposure to environmental contaminants have shown significant effects on brain function and behavior in different experimental models. The endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) present various classes of pollutants with potential neurotoxic actions, such as organotins (OTs). OTs have received special attention due to their toxic effects on the central nervous system, leading to abnormal mammalian neuroendocrine axis function. OTs are organometallic pollutants with a tin atom bound to one or more carbon atoms. OT exposure may occur through the food chain and/or contaminated water, since they have multiple applications in industry and agriculture. In addition, OTs have been used with few legal restrictions in the last decades, despite being highly toxic. In addition to their action as EDC, OTs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and show relevant neurotoxic effects, as observed in several animal model studies specifically involving the development of neurodegenerative processes, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this short review is to summarize the toxic effects of the most common OT compounds, such as trimethyltin, tributyltin, triethyltin, and triphenyltin, on the brain with a focus on neuronal damage as a result of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. We also aim to present evidence for the disruption of behavioral functions, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine pathways caused by OTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ferraz da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Leandro Ceotto Freitas-Lima
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carla de Melo Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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28
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Barbosa CMDL, Ferrão FM, Graceli JB. Organotin Compounds Toxicity: Focus on Kidney. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:256. [PMID: 29872423 PMCID: PMC5972511 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organotin compounds (OTs) are synthetic persistent organometallic xenobiotics widely used in several commercial applications. They exert well-described harmful effects in brain, liver, adipose tissue, and reproductive organs, as they are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), but the effects in the kidneys are less known. The kidneys are especially vulnerable to environmental contaminants because they are a metabolizing site of xenobiotics, therefore, pollutants can accumulate in renal tissue, leading to impaired renal function and to several renal abnormalities. Individuals chronically exposed to OTs present a threefold increase in the prevalence of kidney stones. These compounds can directly inhibit H+/K+-ATPase in renal intercalated cells, resulting in hypokalemia, renal tubular acidity, and increased urinary pH, which is a known risk factor for kidney stones formation. OTs effects are not only limited to induce nephrolithiasis, its nephrotoxicity is also due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). This increase leads to lipid peroxidation, abnormal cellular function, and cell death. Combined, the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems become deficient and there is a consequent uncontrolled generation of ROS that culminates in renal tissue damage. Still, few epidemiological and experimental studies have reported renal impact correlated to OTs exposure. This lack of investigation of the complete effect of OTs in renal function and structure led us to perform this review reporting the main researches about this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Monteiro de Lemos Barbosa
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Research on Vascular Biology (BioVasc), Department of Physiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Magalhães Ferrão
- Nucleus of Multidisciplinary Research in Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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Ximenes CF, Rodrigues SML, Podratz PL, Merlo E, de Araújo JFP, Rodrigues LCM, Coitinho JB, Vassallo DV, Graceli JB, Stefanon I. Tributyltin chloride disrupts aortic vascular reactivity and increases reactive oxygen species production in female rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24509-24520. [PMID: 28900851 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organotin compounds, such as tributyltin (TBT), are environment contaminants that induce bioaccumulation and have potential toxic effects on marine species and mammals. TBT have been banned by the International Maritime Organization in 2003. However, the assessment of butyltin and metal contents in marine sediments has demonstrated high residual levels of TBT in some cases exceeding 7000 ng Sn g-1. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) level for TBT established by the World Health Organization is 0.5 μg/kg bw/day is based on genotoxicity, reproduction, teratogenicity, immunotoxicity, and mainly neurotoxicity. However, their effect on the cardiovascular system is not well understood. In this study, female rats were exposed to 0.5 μg/kg/day of TBT for 15 days with the goal of understanding the effect of TBT on vascular function. Female Wistar rats were treated daily by gavage and divided into control (n = 10) and TBT (n = 10) groups. The aortic rings were incubated with phenylephrine in both the presence and absence of endothelium. The phenylephrine concentration-response curves were generated by exposing endothelium-intact samples to NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), apocynin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, tiron, and allopurinol. Acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were used to evaluate the relaxation response. Exposure to TBT reduced serum 17β-estradiol E2 levels and increased vascular reactivity. After incubation with L-NAME, the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine was significantly higher. Apocynin, SOD, catalase, and tiron decreased the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine to a significantly greater extent in TBT-treated rats than in the control rat. The relaxation induced by ACh and SNP was significantly reduced in TBT rats. Exposure to TBT induced aortic wall atrophy and increased superoxide anion production and collagen deposition. These results provide evidence that exposing rats to the current ADI for TBT (0.5 μg/kg) for 15 days induced vascular dysfunction due to oxidative stress and morphological damage and should be considered an important cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Falcão Ximenes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Samya Mere Lima Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Priscila Lang Podratz
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Julia Fernandez Puñal de Araújo
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carla Melo Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Juliana Barbosa Coitinho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil.
| | - Ivanita Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil.
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Siewiera P, Różalska S, Bernat P. Estrogen-mediated protection of the organotin-degrading strain Metarhizium robertsii against oxidative stress promoted by monobutyltin. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:96-104. [PMID: 28688342 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyltin (DBT) is a global pollutant characterized by pro-oxidative properties. The fungal strain Metarhizium robertsii can eliminate high levels of DBT efficiently. In this study, induction of oxidative stress as well as its alleviation through the application of natural estrogens during the elimination of DBT by M. robertsii were evaluated. During the first 24 h of incubation, the initial concentration of DBT (20 mg l-1) was reduced to 3.1 mg l-1, with simultaneous formation of a major byproduct - monobutyltin (MBT). In the presence of estrone (E1) or 17β-estradiol (E2), the amounts of dibutyltin residues in the fungal cultures were found to be approximately 2-fold higher compared to cultures without estrogens, which was associated with the simultaneous utilization of the compounds by cytochrome P450 enzymes. On the other hand, MBT levels were approximately 2.5 times lower in the fungal cultures with the addition of one of the estrogens. MBT (not DBT) promotes the generation of O2-, H2O2, and NO at levels 65.89 ± 18.08, 4.04 ± 3.62, and 27.92 ± 1.95, respectively. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities did not show any response of the M. robertsii strain against the overproduction of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Application of E1 as well as E2 ensured non-enzymatic defense against nitrosative and oxidative stress through scavenging of nitrogen and oxygen reactive species, and limited their levels from 1.5-fold to 21-fold, depending on the used estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Siewiera
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Różalska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Bernat
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
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Potentiation of 17β-estradiol synthesis in the brain and elongation of seizure latency through dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6268. [PMID: 28740157 PMCID: PMC5524681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) attenuates epileptic seizures; however, the molecular mechanism by which it achieves this effect is still largely unknown. DHA stimulates the retinoid X receptor, which reportedly regulates the expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom). This study aimed to clarify how DHA suppresses seizures, focusing on the regulation of 17β-estradiol synthesis in the brain. Dietary supplementation with DHA increased not only the expression of P450arom, but also 17β-estradiol in the cerebral cortex. While DHA did not affect the duration or scores of the seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole, DHA significantly prolonged the seizure latency. A P450arom inhibitor, letrozole, reduced 17β-estradiol levels and completely suppressed the elongation of seizure latency elicited by DHA. These results suggest that DHA delays the onset of seizures by promoting the synthesis of 17β-estradiol in the brain. DHA upregulated the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes in the cerebral cortex. The oxidation in the cerebral cortex induced by pentylenetetrazole was significantly attenuated by DHA, and letrozole completely inhibited this suppressive action. Thus, the anti-oxidative effects of 17β-estradiol may be involved in the prevention of seizures mediated by DHA. This study revealed that 17β-estradiol in the brain mediated the physiological actions of DHA.
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Badr El Dine FMM, Nabil IM, Dwedar FI. The effect of Tributyltin on thyroid follicular cells of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of green tea: a toxicological, histological and biochemical study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2017; 7:7. [PMID: 28781899 PMCID: PMC5514189 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-017-0012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tributyltin is one of the important and wide-spread persistent organic contaminants that accumulate in the food chain. It is suspected to cause endocrine-disrupting effects in mammals, due in part to its possible transfer through marine food chains and to the consumption of contaminated seafood. Aim of the work Was to study the possible toxic effect of Tributyltin on thyroid follicular cells of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible protective role of green tea. Material and methods Forty-five adult male albino rats were included and randomly divided into 3 equal groups: a control group (Group I); Group II: received tributyltin chloride (TBT) dissolved in corn oil orally in a dose of 5 mg/kg for 30 days. Group III: received tributyltin chloride in the same dose with concomitant oral administration of green tea extract for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to hormonal assay for T3, T4 and TSH levels. Malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione were assessed. The thyroid tissue was processed for histological and ultrastructure examination. The colloid area of thyroid follicles was evaluated morphometrically and statistically analyzed. Results A significant decrease in T3 and T4 levels and serum reduced glutathione in the group II when compared with the other groups. Furthermore, a significant increase in serum Malondialdehyde and TSH levels was recorded in group II treated group by comparison to the other two groups. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes of thyroid gland follicles were detected in tributyltin treated rats; the follicular cells appeared swollen and vacuolated. Epithelial stratification was noticed in some foci with excessive vacuolation of the colloid. Dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum filled with flocculent material and increased number of lysosomes were also detected together with variation in shape and size of the nuclei. A marked improvement in the histological features of thyroid follicles was noticed in group III. Conclusion Tributyltin induces oxidative stress in rats as well as anti-thyroid effect. The green tea extract is useful in combating tissue injury that is a result of tributyltin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M M Badr El Dine
- Departments of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El- Khartoum Square, Azarita Medical Campus, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iman M Nabil
- Histology and cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fatma I Dwedar
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Ishihara Y, Tsuji M, Kawamoto T, Yamazaki T. Involvement of reactive oxygen species derived from mitochondria in neuronal injury elicited by methylmercury. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 59:182-190. [PMID: 27895385 PMCID: PMC5110935 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury induces oxidative stress and subsequent neuronal injury. However, the mechanism by which methylmercury elicits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production remains under debate. In this study, we investigated the involvement of mitochondrial ROS in methylmercury-induced neuronal cell injury using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y-derived ρ0 cells, which have a deletion of mitochondrial DNA and thus decreased respiratory activity. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured for 60 days in the presence of ethidium bromide to produce ρ0 cells. Our ρ0 cells showed decreases in the cytochrome c oxidase expression and activity as well as oxygen consumption compared with original SH-SY5Y cells. Methylmercury at a concentration of 1 µM induced cell death with oxidative stress in original SH-SY5Y cells, but not ρ0 cells, indicating that ρ0 cells are resistant to methylmercury-induced oxidative stress. ρ0 cells also showed tolerance against hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, suggesting that ρ0 cells are resistant to total ROS. These data indicate that mitochondrial ROS are clearly involved in oxidative stress and subsequent cell death induced by methylmercury. Considering that the dominant mechanism of ROS generation elicited by methylmercury is due to direct antioxidant enzyme inhibition, mitochondria might play a role in amplifying ROS in methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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Nunes B, Vidal D, Barbosa I, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Pollution effects on biochemical pathways determined in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor collected in three Portuguese estuaries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:1208-1219. [PMID: 27499386 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00297h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring is an important tool for the assessment of the quality and functions of ecosystems, providing information about the pollutants present and the direct effects that they exert on organisms. Biomonitoring relies upon the quantification of variables that can be biochemical, genetic, morphological and physiological changes. Such variables are designated as biomarkers, and multiple biomarkers are usually determined simultaneously in order to have a more integrated analysis and information about sublethal early effects of contaminants. In this work, we quantified biomarkers, associated with oxidative stress (glutathione-S-transferases GSTs, and catalase CAT, activities; levels of peroxidative alterations, by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay, TBARS) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase activity, AChE) in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor. Organisms were collected at three distinct estuaries, Ria de Aveiro (Laranjo and São Jacinto), Douro River (São Paio, Afurada, and Ribeira da Granja), both impacted by human activities, and Minho River (Seixas), which has been used as a reference site. Obtained data showed the occurrence of anti-oxidant responses, in most samples from contaminated sites, which was not followed however by the occurrence of oxidative damage in organisms from Ria de Aveiro. None of the analyzed organisms had significant impairment of cholinesterasic activity, suggesting the absence of a prior exposure to neurotoxic compounds. In fact, organisms collected at Ria de Aveiro had largely increased AChE activity, suggesting an uncommon paradoxical biological response that is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Kanimozhi V, Palanivel K, Akbarsha MA, Kadalmani B. Tributyltin-mediated hepatic, renal and testicular tissue damage in male Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus): a study on impact of oxidative stress. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1523. [PMID: 27652096 PMCID: PMC5017992 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organotin compounds are a versatile group of organometallic chemicals that are used in a variety of industrial and agricultural applications. Tributyltin (TBT), a common organotin, brings about severe spermatotoxic and organotoxic effects. However, information about the adverse effects of TBT on liver, kidney and testis is scanty. Hence, the present study was undertaken to elucidate the TBT-mediated oxidative stress-induced impairments in these organs. Administration of TBT through oral route at increasing doses of 50, 100 and 150 ppm for 65 days to male Syrian hamsters resulted in drastically decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and decreased mean levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E) followed by a dramatic increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation in the liver, kidney and testis as compared to the control animals. Significantly high levels of serum urea, creatinine, uric acid and bilirubin were observed in TBT-treated hamsters. Also, TBT treatment induced drastic histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and testis combined with remarkable changes in serum levels of tissue injury marker enzymes Aspartate transaminases, Alkaline phosphatase and Alanine transaminase. These data affirm that exposure to TBT can lead to oxidative stress-induced damage to liver, kidney and testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kanimozhi
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024 India
| | - K Palanivel
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024 India
| | - M A Akbarsha
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024 India ; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - B Kadalmani
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024 India
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Ishihara Y, Fujitani N, Sakurai H, Takemoto T, Ikeda-Ishihara N, Mori-Yasumoto K, Nehira T, Ishida A, Yamazaki T. Effects of sex steroid hormones and their metabolites on neuronal injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Steroids 2016; 113:71-7. [PMID: 27389922 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, protective actions of the sex steroid hormones, progesterone, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol, against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation-induced neuronal cell death were examined using rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Progesterone, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol significantly attenuated neuronal cell death elicited by OGD/reoxygenation. While the neuroprotection conferred by progesterone was not affected by SU-10603, an inhibitor of cytochrome P45017α, finasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor that blocks the conversion of progesterone to allopregnanolone, partially reversed the neuroprotection induced by progesterone. The progesterone metabolite, allopregnanolone attenuated neuronal injury induced by OGD/reoxygenation. Pretreatment with letrozole, a cytochrome P450 aromatase inhibitor or 4-hydroxyphenyl-1-naphthol, a 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 inhibitor showed no effect on testosterone-mediated neuroprotection, while finasteride completely abolished the protective action of testosterone. Treatment with 5α-dihydrotestosterone significantly suppressed neuronal injury. Pretreatment with mifepristone, a progesterone receptor antagonist and hydroxyflutamid, an androgen receptor antagonist significantly diminished the neuroprotective effects of progesterone and testosterone, respectively. ICI182,780, an estrogen receptor antagonist, showed no effect on neuroprotection mediated by 17β-estradiol. Pretreatment with actinomycin D or cycloheximide clearly abolished the neuroprotective effects of progesterone and testosterone, while actinomycin D and cycloheximide did not show any effect on neuroprotection mediated by 17β-estradiol. Taken together, progesterone protects neurons via progesterone receptor-dependent genomic pathway, and allopregnanolone is involved in progesterone-mediated neuroprotection. Testosterone and its metabolite 5α-dihydrotestosterone protect neurons via the genomic pathway of the androgen receptor. Metabolism of sex steroid hormones in the brain might complicate their protective actions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Noriko Fujitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sakurai
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Takuya Takemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Nami Ikeda-Ishihara
- Division of Gene Research, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kanami Mori-Yasumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nehira
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ishida
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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Mitra S, Siddiqui WA, Khandelwal S. Differential susceptibility of brain regions to tributyltin chloride toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1393-1405. [PMID: 24895210 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a well-known endocrine disruptor, is an omnipresent environmental pollutant and is explicitly used in many industrial applications. Previously we have shown its neurotoxic potential on cerebral cortex of male Wistar rats. As the effect of TBT on other brain regions is not known, we planned this study to evaluate its effect on four brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum). Four-week-old male Wistar rats were gavaged with a single dose of TBT-chloride (TBTC) (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) and sacrificed on days 3 and 7, respectively. Effect of TBTC on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and tin (Sn) accumulation were measured. Oxidative stress indexes such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation were analyzed as they play an imperative role in various neuropathological conditions. Since metal catalyzed reactions are a major source of oxidant generation, levels of essential metals like iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) were estimated. We found that TBTC disrupted BBB and increased Sn accumulation, both of which appear significantly correlated. Altered metal homeostasis and ROS generation accompanied by elevated lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation indicated oxidative damage which appeared more pronounced in the striatum than in cerebellum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. This could be associated to the depleted GSH levels in striatum. These results suggest that striatum is more susceptible to TBTC induced oxidative damage as compared with other brain regions under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumonto Mitra
- Immunotoxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Waseem A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Khandelwal
- Immunotoxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
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Sun PY, Foley HB, Bao VWW, Leung KMY, Edmands S. Variation in tolerance to common marine pollutants among different populations in two species of the marine copepod Tigriopus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:16143-16152. [PMID: 26070741 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Geographical variation in chemical tolerance within a species can significantly influence results of whole animal bioassays, yet a literature survey showed that the majority of articles using bioassays did not provide detail on the original field collection site of their test specimens confounding the ability for accurate replication and comparison of results. Biological variation as a result of population-specific tolerance, if not addressed, can be misinterpreted as experimental error. Our studies of two marine copepod species, Tigriopus japonicus and Tigriopus californicus, found significant intra- and inter-specific variation in tolerance to copper and tributyltin. Because both species tolerate copper concentrations orders of magnitude higher than those found in coastal waters, difference in copper tolerance may be a by-product of adaptation to other stressors such as high temperature. Controlling for inter-population tolerance variation will greatly strengthen the application of bioassays in chemical toxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y Sun
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale PKWY STE 107, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Helen B Foley
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale PKWY STE 107, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Vivien W W Bao
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suzanne Edmands
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale PKWY STE 107, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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Mitra S, Siddiqui WA, Khandelwal S. C-Phycocyanin protects against acute tributyltin chloride neurotoxicity by modulating glial cell activity along with its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory property: A comparative efficacy evaluation with N-acetyl cysteine in adult rat brain. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 238:138-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ishihara Y, Takemoto T, Itoh K, Ishida A, Yamazaki T. Dual role of superoxide dismutase 2 induced in activated microglia: oxidative stress tolerance and convergence of inflammatory responses. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:22805-17. [PMID: 26231211 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.659151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are activated quickly in response to external pathogens or cell debris and clear these substances via the inflammatory response. However, excessive activation of microglia can be harmful to host cells due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is reportedly induced under various inflammatory conditions in the central nervous system. We herein demonstrated that activated microglia strongly express SOD2 and examined the role of SOD2, focusing on regulation of the microglial activity and the susceptibility of microglia to oxidative stress. When rat primary microglia were treated with LPS, poly(I:C), peptidoglycan, or CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, respectively, the mRNA and protein levels of SOD2 largely increased. However, an increased expression of SOD2 was not detected in the primary neurons or astrocytes, indicating that SOD2 is specifically induced in microglia under inflammatory conditions. The activated microglia showed high tolerance to oxidative stress, whereas SOD2 knockdown conferred vulnerability to oxidative stress. Interestingly, the production of proinflammatory cytokines was increased in the activated microglia treated with SOD2 siRNA compared with that observed in the control siRNA-treated cells. Pretreatment with NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenylene iodonium and apocynin, decreased in not only reactive oxygen species generation but also the proinflammatory cytokine expression. Notably, SOD2 knockdown largely potentiated the nuclear factor κB activity in the activated microglia. Taken together, increased SOD2 conferred tolerance to oxidative stress in the microglia and decreased proinflammatory cytokine production by attenuating the nuclear factor κB activity. Therefore, SOD2 might regulate neuroinflammation by controlling the microglial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan and
| | - Takuya Takemoto
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan and
| | - Kouichi Itoh
- the Laboratory for Brain Science, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ishida
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan and
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan and
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Takemoto T, Ishihara Y, Ishida A, Yamazaki T. Neuroprotection elicited by nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor released from astrocytes in response to methylmercury. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:199-205. [PMID: 26143513 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The protective roles of astrocytes in neurotoxicity induced by environmental chemicals, such as methylmercury (MeHg), are largely unknown. We found that conditioned medium of MeHg-treated astrocytes (MCM) attenuated neuronal cell death induced by MeHg, suggesting that astrocytes-released factors can protect neuronal cells. The increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was observed in MeHg-treated astrocytes. NGF and BDNF were detected in culture media as homodimers, which are able to bind specific tyrosine kinase receptors, tropomyosin related kinase (Trk) A and TrkB, respectively. The TrkA antagonist and TrkB antagonist abolished the protective effects of MCM in neuronal cell death induced by MeHg. Taken together, astrocytes synthesize and release NGF and BDNF in response to MeHg to protect neurons from MeHg toxicity. This study is considered to show a novel defense mechanism against MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Atsuhiko Ishida
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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42
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Niska K, Santos-Martinez MJ, Radomski MW, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. CuO nanoparticles induce apoptosis by impairing the antioxidant defense and detoxification systems in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cell line: Protective effect of crocetin. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:663-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hu Z, Brooks SA, Dormoy V, Hsu CW, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Massfelder T, Rathmell WK, Xia M, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Amedei A, Brown DG, Prudhomme KR, Colacci A, Hamid RA, Mondello C, Raju J, Ryan EP, Woodrick J, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Roy R, Forte S, Memeo L, Salem HK, Lowe L, Jensen L, Bisson WH, Kleinstreuer N. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: focus on the cancer hallmark of tumor angiogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S184-202. [PMID: 26106137 PMCID: PMC4492067 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the important 'hallmarks' of cancer is angiogenesis, which is the process of formation of new blood vessels that are necessary for tumor expansion, invasion and metastasis. Under normal physiological conditions, angiogenesis is well balanced and controlled by endogenous proangiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors. However, factors produced by cancer cells, cancer stem cells and other cell types in the tumor stroma can disrupt the balance so that the tumor microenvironment favors tumor angiogenesis. These factors include vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial tissue factor and other membrane bound receptors that mediate multiple intracellular signaling pathways that contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Though environmental exposures to certain chemicals have been found to initiate and promote tumor development, the role of these exposures (particularly to low doses of multiple substances), is largely unknown in relation to tumor angiogenesis. This review summarizes the evidence of the role of environmental chemical bioactivity and exposure in tumor angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. We identify a number of ubiquitous (prototypical) chemicals with disruptive potential that may warrant further investigation given their selectivity for high-throughput screening assay targets associated with proangiogenic pathways. We also consider the cross-hallmark relationships of a number of important angiogenic pathway targets with other cancer hallmarks and we make recommendations for future research. Understanding of the role of low-dose exposure of chemicals with disruptive potential could help us refine our approach to cancer risk assessment, and may ultimately aid in preventing cancer by reducing or eliminating exposures to synergistic mixtures of chemicals with carcinogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hu
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 614 685 4606; Fax: +1-614-247-7205;
| | - Samira A. Brooks
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- INSERM U1113, team 3 “Cell Signalling and Communication in Kidney and Prostate Cancer”, University of Strasbourg, Facultée de Médecine, 67085 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chia-Wen Hsu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Thierry Massfelder
- INSERM U1113, team 3 “Cell Signalling and Communication in Kidney and Prostate Cancer”, University of Strasbourg, Facultée de Médecine, 67085 Strasbourg, France
| | - W. Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Dustin G. Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences
, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kalan R. Prudhomme
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roslida A. Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate
, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences
, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, WashingtonDC 20057, USA
| | - A. Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advance Research), King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, WashingtonDC 20057, USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Hosni K. Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden and
| | - William H. Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., in support of the National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, NIEHS, MD K2-16, RTP, NC 27709, USA
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Protective actions of 17β-estradiol and progesterone on oxidative neuronal injury induced by organometallic compounds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:343706. [PMID: 25815107 PMCID: PMC4359856 DOI: 10.1155/2015/343706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones synthesized in and secreted from peripheral endocrine glands pass through the blood-brain barrier and play a role in the central nervous system. In addition, the brain possesses an inherent endocrine system and synthesizes steroid hormones known as neurosteroids. Increasing evidence shows that neuroactive steroids protect the central nervous system from various harmful stimuli. Reports show that the neuroprotective actions of steroid hormones attenuate oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the antioxidative effects of neuroactive steroids, especially 17β-estradiol and progesterone, on neuronal injury in the central nervous system under various pathological conditions, and then describe our recent findings concerning the neuroprotective actions of 17β-estradiol and progesterone on oxidative neuronal injury induced by organometallic compounds, tributyltin, and methylmercury.
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Ishihara Y, Itoh K, Ishida A, Yamazaki T. Selective estrogen-receptor modulators suppress microglial activation and neuronal cell death via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 145:85-93. [PMID: 25305410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that steroid hormones, especially 17β-estradiol (E2), protect neuronal cells by attenuating excess activation of microglia. However, the use of E2 in the clinic is controversial because of its peripheral actions in reproductive organs and its potential to increase risk for endometrial cancer and breast cancer. Selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) bind to estrogen receptors (ERs), but their effects as ER agonists or antagonists are dependent on the target tissue. SERMs pose very little cancer risk as a result of their anti-estrogen action in reproductive organs, but their action in the brain is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of SERMs tamoxifen (Tam) and raloxifene (Rlx) on microglial activation and subsequent neuronal injury. Tam and Rlx suppressed the increases in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine expression that were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat primary microglia cultures. The microglial-conditioned media pretreated with Tam or Rlx significantly attenuated cellular injury in SH-SY5Y cells elicited by microglial-conditioned media treated with LPS alone. Rat primary microglia expressed ERα and ERβ primarily in the nucleus, and thus we examined the involvement of ERs in the suppressive action of Tam and Rlx on microglial activation using a pure ER antagonist, ICI182,780. Pretreatment with ICI182,780 abolished the suppressive effects of SERMs on microglial activation, as well as their protective action on SH-SY5Y cells. A luciferase assay using a vector with three estrogen response elements (EREs) revealed that Tam and Rlx activated ERE-mediated transcription in rat primary microglia. Taken together, these results suggest that Tam and Rlx suppress microglial activation and subsequent neuronal cell death via an ER-mediated transcription pathway. SERMs could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for disorders of the central nervous system based on their ability to suppress neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Kouichi Itoh
- Laboratory for Brain Science, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ishida
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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Sun PY, Foley HB, Handschumacher L, Suzuki A, Karamanukyan T, Edmands S. Acclimation and adaptation to common marine pollutants in the copepod Tigriopus californicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:465-471. [PMID: 25048941 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Establishing water quality criteria using bioassays is complicated by variation in chemical tolerance between populations. Two major contributors to this variation are acclimation and adaptation, which are both linked to exposure history, but differ in how long their effects are maintained. Our study examines how tolerance changes over multiple generations of exposure to two common marine pollutants, copper (Cu) and tributyltin oxide (TBTO), in a sexually reproducing marine copepod, Tigriopus californicus. Lines of T. californicus were chronically exposed to sub-lethal levels of Cu and TBTO for 12 generations followed by a recovery period of 3 generations in seawater control conditions. At each generation, the average number of offspring produced and survived to 28 d was determined and used as the metric of tolerance. Lines exposed to Cu and TBTO showed an overall increase in tolerance over time. Increased Cu tolerance arose by generation 3 in the chronically exposed lines and was lost after 3 generations in seawater control conditions. Increased TBTO tolerance was detected at generation 7 and was maintained even after 3 generations in seawater control conditions. It was concluded from this study that tolerance to Cu is consistent with acclimation, a quick gain and loss of tolerance. In contrast, TBTO tolerance is consistent with adaptation, in which onset of tolerance was delayed relative to an acclimation response and maintained in the absence of exposure. These findings illustrate that consideration of exposure history is necessary when using bioassays to measure chemical tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y Sun
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Helen B Foley
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Handschumacher
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amanda Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tigran Karamanukyan
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Suzanne Edmands
- Department of Biological Science and Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Mitra S, Siddiqui WA, Khandelwal S. Early cellular responses against tributyltin chloride exposure in primary cultures derived from various brain regions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:1048-1059. [PMID: 24762416 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a potent biocide and commonly used in various industrial sectors. Humans are mainly exposed through the food chain. We have previously demonstrated tin accumulation in brain following TBT-chloride (TBTC) exposure. In this study, effect of TBTC on dissociated cells from different brain regions was evaluated. Cytotoxicity assay (MTT), mode of cell death (Annexin V/PI assay), oxidative stress parameters (ROS and lipid peroxidation), reducing power of the cell (GSH), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular Ca(2+) were evaluated to ascertain the effect of TBTC. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was measured to understand the effect on astroglial cells. TBTC as low as 30 nM was found to reduce GSH levels, whereas higher doses of 300 and 3000 nM induced ROS generation and marked loss in cell viability mainly through apoptosis. Striatum showed higher susceptibility than other regions, which may have further implications on various neurological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumonto Mitra
- Immunotoxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.
| | - Waseem A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Khandelwal
- Immunotoxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India.
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48
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Environmental pollutants and lifestyle factors induce oxidative stress and poor prenatal development. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29:17-31. [PMID: 24813750 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Developmental toxicity caused by exposure to a mixture of environmental pollutants has become a major health concern. Human-made chemicals, including xenoestrogens, pesticides and heavy metals, as well as unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, mainly tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and medical drug abuse, are major factors that adversely influence prenatal development and increase susceptibility of offspring to diseases. There is evidence to suggest that the developmental toxicological mechanisms of chemicals and lifestyle factors involve the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidative damage. Overproduction of ROS induces oxidative stress, a state where increased ROS generation overwhelms antioxidant protection and subsequently leads to oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules. Data on the involvement of oxidative stress in the mechanism of developmental toxicity following exposure to environmental pollutants are reviewed in an attempt to provide an updated basis for future studies on the toxic effect of such pollutants, particularly the notion of increased risk for developmental toxicity due to combined and cumulative exposure to various environmental pollutants. The aims of such studies are to better understand the mechanisms by which environmental pollutants adversely affect conceptus development and to elucidate the impact of cumulative exposures to multiple pollutants on post-natal development and health outcomes. Developmental toxicity caused by exposure to mixture of environmental pollutants has become a major health concern. Human-made chemicals, including xenoestrogens, pesticides and heavy metals, as well as unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, mainly tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and medical drug abuse, are major factors that adversely influence prenatal development and increase the susceptibility of offspring to development complications and diseases. There is evidence to suggest that the developmental toxicological mechanisms of human-made chemicals and unhealthy lifestyle factors involve the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidative damage. Overproduction of ROS induces oxidative stress, a state where increased generation of ROS overwhelms antioxidant protection and subsequently leads to oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules. Exposure to various environmental pollutants induces synergic and cumulative dose-additive adverse effects on prenatal development, pregnancy outcomes and neonate health. Data from the literature on the involvement of oxidative stress in the mechanism of developmental toxicity following in vivo exposure to environmental pollutants will be reviewed in an attempt to provide an updated basis for future studies on the toxic effect of such pollutants, particularly the notion of increased risk for developmental toxicity due to combined and cumulative exposure to various environmental pollutants. The aims of such studies are to better understand the mechanisms by which environmental pollutants adversely affect conceptus development and to elucidate the impact of cumulative exposures to multiple pollutants on postnatal development and health outcomes.
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49
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Bernat P, Gajewska E, Szewczyk R, Słaba M, Długoński J. Tributyltin (TBT) induces oxidative stress and modifies lipid profile in the filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:4228-35. [PMID: 24306727 PMCID: PMC3945233 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the response of the tributyltin-degrading fungal strain Cunninghamella elegans to the organotin, a comparative lipidomics strategy was employed using an LC/MS-MS technique. A total of 49 lipid species were identified. Individual phospholipids were then quantified using a multiple reaction monitoring method. Tributyltin (TBT) caused a decline in the amounts of many molecular species of phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine and an increase in the levels of phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine. In the presence of TBT, it was observed that overall unsaturation was lower than in the control. Lipidome data were analyzed using principal component analysis, which confirmed the compositional changes in membrane lipids in response to TBT. Additionally, treatment of fungal biomass with butyltin led to a significant increase in lipid peroxidation. It is suggested that modification of the phospholipids profile and lipids peroxidation may reflect damage to mycelium caused by TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Bernat
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewa Gajewska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Rafał Szewczyk
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Mirosława Słaba
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Jerzy Długoński
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
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50
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Dos Santos DM, Santos GS, Cestari MM, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, de Assis HCS, Yamamoto F, Guiloski IC, de Marchi MRR, Montone RC. Bioaccumulation of butyltins and liver damage in the demersal fish Cathorops spixii (Siluriformes, Ariidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:3166-3174. [PMID: 24217970 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of butyltin compounds (BTs), mainly tributyltin (TBT), has been reported in different organisms. However, such an analysis in fish after field exposure with reference to the related biomarkers has not been commonly observed in the literature. This study presents the uptake of BTs in the liver of a neotropical marine catfish Cathorops spixii in Paranagua Bay, an important estuarine system located in southern Brazil. Two different areas, close to and distant from the harbor, were used for chemical analysis evaluation of hepatotoxicity through genetic, enzymatic, and histopathological biomarkers. The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bile was also considered as a biomarker. The results showed a significant relationship between TBT levels and the inhibition of biotransformation enzymes and high occurrence of melanomacrophages in fish collected close to the harbor site. These effects were linked to the absence of TBT metabolites in the liver. In the second site, the presence of DBT was associated with an increase in EROD and GST activity. The larger amount of DNA damage as well as the highest oxidative stress was noted in fish from the less TBT-polluted area, where DBT and bile PAHs occurred. These findings showed different impact levels due to or increased by the chronic exposure of biota to BTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Moscardi Dos Santos
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Geological Oceanography, Oceanographic Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,
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