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Guldner S, Prignitz M, Nees F. Mindfulness facets are differentially related with reward processing stages in striatum and alcohol use in adolescence. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111113. [PMID: 39094927 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Attenuated functional processing of non-drug rewards in striatal regions is an important mechanism in the transition from normal to hazardous alcohol use. Recent interventions seek to enhance nondrug reward processing through mindfulness, a mechanism that targets attention regulation and self-regulatory processes. It is yet unclear which specific aspects of mindfulness and which stages of reward processing are relevant preventive targets, particularly in adolescence, where alcohol use is often initiated and reward relating processing streams undergo continuous maturation. Fifty-four 14- and 16-year-old adolescents (54% female) completed the monetary incentive delay task (MID) during event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Alcohol use and dispositional mindfulness facets were measured using self-report instruments. Mindful Attention Regulation was positively associated with anticipatory reward processing in ventral striatum, whereas feedback-related processing in dorsal striatum was associated with the mindfulness facet Body-Listening. Only Attention Regulation was additionally associated with frequency of alcohol consumption and mediated the relationship between functional activation in ventral striatum during reward anticipation and alcohol use. Attention Regulation, beyond other mindfulness facets, might contribute to potentially triggering neural mechanisms of anticipatory, but not feedback-related reward processing and alcohol use, presenting a potential target for preventive efforts in combating transitions to substance-related disorders in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Guldner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Maren Prignitz
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Mellick W, McTeague L, Hix S, Anton R, Prisciandaro JJ. Blunted reward-related activation to food scenes distinguishes individuals with alcohol use disorder in a pilot case-control fMRI pilot study. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1866-1875. [PMID: 39312084 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is thought to bias the neurocircuitry underlying reward processing and motivation to preferentially attend to conditioned alcohol cues over natural rewards. The present case-control pilot study evaluated this hypothesis using novel natural reward paradigms. METHODS Twenty-eight participants (AUD, n = 14, light drinkers, n = 14) were recruited-AUD participants reported 44.0% heavy drinking days (%HDD) and 4.67 drinks/day over the preceding 90 days. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired during the administration of three separate picture-viewing paradigms of alcohol cues, food scenes, and social reward, respectively. Independent samples t-tests were performed to compare groups' fMRI data and exploratory correlation analyses were performed to examine associations with clinical characteristics of AUD. RESULTS Food scenes elicited abnormally low reward-related activation, within the superior frontal gyrus and caudate bilaterally, among AUD participants. Lower activation to food scenes within the superior frontal gyrus was, in turn, associated with higher levels of past-month %HDD among AUD participants, specifically, along with craving and alcohol dependence severity when examined across the full sample. Contrasting reward types (e.g., alcohol cues vs. food scenes) did not reveal "preferential" activation to differentiate groups. CONCLUSIONS Heavy drinking appears associated with reduced responsivity to natural rewards, specifically food rather than social cues. Neural mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of malnutrition among individuals with AUD may involve some combination of blunted approach-related affect and reduced craving-related motivation to eat when food is present, resulting in limited engagement of cortico-striato-thalamic motor circuitry supporting food acquisition. However, given the preliminary nature of this pilot study, such formulations remain tentative until larger follow-up studies can be conducted. From a potential translational standpoint, the ability of promising therapeutics to demonstrate increased responsivity to natural rewards, specifically nutritive reward may serve as a valuable complementary efficacy indicator for future clinical neuroimaging trials in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mellick
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lisa McTeague
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sara Hix
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Raymond Anton
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - James J Prisciandaro
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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3
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Zhou J, Su H, Tang C, Wu X, Wang Z, Zhang W, Zhai R, Jiang H. Decreased consumption of natural rewards in rhesus monkeys with prolonged methamphetamine abstinence. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1446353. [PMID: 39310662 PMCID: PMC11412841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1446353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale Relapse to drug use is a major clinical challenge in the treatment of addictive disorders, including psychostimulant use and may be exacerbated by reduced sensitivity to natural, non-drug reward. Given the relatively limited set of outcomes, and short withdrawal time in rodent studies, we conducted a more detailed assessment of the response to natural rewards in methamphetamine (METH) naive versus exposed monkeys during long-term abstinence. Methods This study introduced an improved sucrose preference test (iSPT) to assess natural reward seeking and consumption in monkeys with long-term abstinence after methamphetamine (METH) use. The test was administered to sixteen naive monkeys and five METH exposed monkeys that had been abstinent for at least 3 months. Results METH exposed monkeys showed a lower sucrose preference score in both the iSPT (z = -2.10, p = 0.036) and the sucrose preference test (z = -2.61, p = 0.009). The sucrose preference score was significantly correlated with the latency of the establishment of stable sucrose-preference (r = -0.76, df = 46, p < 0.001) but not with the other variables. Furthermore, water-sucrose switch latency and switch times were significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.50, df = 20, p = 0.02). Conclusion These results show reductions in natural reward consumption during long-term methamphetamine abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhou
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjie Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongwei Zhai
- Department of Disease Biology, Lingang Laboratory,
Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tenekedjieva LT, McCalley DM, Goldstein-Piekarski AN, Williams LM, Padula CB. Transdiagnostic Mood, Anxiety, and Trauma Symptom Factors in Alcohol Use Disorder: Neural Correlates Across 3 Brain Networks. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:837-845. [PMID: 38432622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with high rates of trauma, mood, and anxiety disorders. Across these diagnoses, individual symptoms substantially overlap, highlighting the need for a transdiagnostic approach. Furthermore, there is limited research on how transdiagnostic psychopathology impacts the neural correlates of AUD. Thus, we aimed to identify symptom factors spanning diagnoses and examine how they relate to the neurocircuitry of addiction. METHODS Eighty-six veterans with AUD completed self-report measures and reward, incentive salience, and cognitive control functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks. Factor analysis was performed on self-reported trauma, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms to obtain transdiagnostic symptom compositions. Neural correlates of a priori-defined regions of interest in the 3 networks were assessed. Independent sample t tests were used to compare the same nodes by DSM-5 diagnosis. RESULTS Four symptom factors were identified: Trauma distress, Negative affect, Hyperarousal, and Somatic anxiety. Trauma distress score was associated with increased cognitive control activity during response inhibition (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex). Negative affect was related to lower activation in reward regions (right caudate) but higher activation in cognitive control regions during response inhibition (left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). Hyperarousal was related to lower reward activity during monetary reward anticipation (left caudate, right caudate). Somatic anxiety was not significantly associated with brain activation. No difference in neural activity was found by posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These hypothesis-generating findings offer transdiagnostic symptom factors that are differentially associated with neural function and could guide us toward a brain-based classification of psychiatric dysfunction in AUD. Results warrant further investigation of transdiagnostic approaches in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea-Tereza Tenekedjieva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
| | - Daniel M McCalley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Andrea N Goldstein-Piekarski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Claudia B Padula
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
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Mareckova K, Marecek R, Andryskova L, Brazdil M, Nikolova YS. Prenatal exposure to alcohol and its impact on reward processing and substance use in adulthood. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:220. [PMID: 38806472 PMCID: PMC11133468 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02941-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy maternal alcohol drinking during pregnancy has been associated with altered neurodevelopment in the child but the effects of low-dose alcohol drinking are less clear and any potential safe level of alcohol use during pregnancy is not known. We evaluated the effects of prenatal alcohol on reward-related behavior and substance use in young adulthood and the potential sex differences therein. Participants were members of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) prenatal birth cohort who participated in its neuroimaging follow-up in young adulthood. A total of 191 participants (28-30 years; 51% men) had complete data on prenatal exposure to alcohol, current substance use, and fMRI data from young adulthood. Maternal alcohol drinking was assessed during mid-pregnancy and pre-conception. Brain response to reward anticipation and reward feedback was measured using the Monetary Incentive Delay task and substance use in young adulthood was assessed using a self-report questionnaire. We showed that even a moderate exposure to alcohol in mid-pregnancy but not pre-conception was associated with robust effects on brain response to reward feedback (six frontal, one parietal, one temporal, and one occipital cluster) and with greater cannabis use in both men and women 30 years later. Moreover, mid-pregnancy but not pre-conception exposure to alcohol was associated with greater cannabis use in young adulthood and these effects were independent of maternal education and maternal depression during pregnancy. Further, the extent of cannabis use in the late 20 s was predicted by the brain response to reward feedback in three out of the nine prenatal alcohol-related clusters and these effects were independent of current alcohol use. Sex differences in the brain response to reward outcome emerged only during the no loss vs. loss contrast. Young adult men exposed to alcohol prenatally had significantly larger brain response to no loss vs. loss in the putamen and occipital region than women exposed to prenatal alcohol. Therefore, we conclude that even moderate exposure to alcohol prenatally has long-lasting effects on brain function during reward processing and risk of cannabis use in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Mareckova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Marecek
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Brazdil
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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McKenna BS, Anthenelli RM, Schuckit MA. Sex differences in alcohol's effects on fronto-amygdalar functional connectivity during processing of emotional stimuli. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:612-622. [PMID: 38379361 PMCID: PMC11015979 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amygdala function underlying emotion processing has been shown to vary with an individuals' biological sex. Expanding upon functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings reported previously where a low level of response was the focus, we examined alcohol and sex effects on functional connectivity between the amygdala and other brain regions. The central hypothesis predicted that sex would influence alcohol's effects on frontal-limbic functional circuits underlying the processing of negative and positive facial emotions. METHODS Secondary analyses were conducted on data from a double-blind, placebo controlled, within-subjects, cross-over study in 54 sex-matched pairs (N = 108) of 18- to 25-year-old individuals without an alcohol use disorder at baseline. Participants performed an emotional faces fMRI processing task after placebo or approximately 0.7 mL/kg of ethanol. Psychophysiological interaction analyses examined functional connectivity between the amygdala with other brain regions. RESULTS There were significant alcohol-by-sex interactions when processing negatively valenced faces. Whereas intoxicated men exhibited decreased functional connectivity between the amygdala and ventral and dorsal anterior cingulate, angular gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus connectivity was increased in intoxicated women. There was also a main sex effect where women exhibited less functional connectivity in the middle insula than men regardless of whether they received alcohol or placebo. For happy faces, main effects of both sex and alcohol were observed. Women exhibited less amygdala functional connectivity in the right inferior frontal gyrus than men. Both men and women exhibited greater functional connectivity in the superior frontal gyrus in response to alcohol than placebo. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol's effects on amygdala functional circuits that underlying emotional processing vary by sex. Women had higher functional connectivity than men following exposure to a moderate dose of alcohol which could indicate that women are better than men at processing affectively laden stimuli when intoxicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S McKenna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Robert M Anthenelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marc A Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA
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Mellick WH, Tolliver BK, Brenner HM, Anton RF, Prisciandaro JJ. Alcohol Cue Processing in Co-Occurring Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 2023; 80:1150-1159. [PMID: 37556131 PMCID: PMC10413222 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Importance Reward circuitry dysfunction is a candidate mechanism of co-occurring bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder (BD + AUD) that remains understudied. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research represents the first evaluation of alcohol cue reward processing in BD + AUD. Objective To determine how alcohol cue processing in individuals with BD + AUD may be distinct from that of individuals with AUD or BD alone. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional case-control study (April 2013-June 2018) followed a 2 × 2 factorial design and included individuals with BD + AUD, AUD alone, BD alone, and healthy controls. A well-validated visual alcohol cue reactivity fMRI paradigm was administered to eligible participants following their demonstration of 1 week or more of abstinence from alcohol and drugs assessed via serial biomarker testing. Study procedures were completed at the Medical University of South Carolina. Analysis took place between June and August 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Past-week mood symptoms were rated by clinicians using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. The Alcohol Dependence Scale, Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale were included questionnaires. Functional MRI whole-brain data were analyzed along with percent signal change within a priori regions of interest located in the ventral striatum, dorsal striatum, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Exploratory analyses of associations between cue reactivity and select behavioral correlates (alcohol craving, impulsivity, maximum number of alcohol drinks on a single occasion, and days since last alcohol drink) were also performed. Results Of 112 participants, 28 (25.0%) had BD + AUD, 26 (23.2%) had AUD alone, 31 (27.7%) had BD alone, and 27 (24.1%) were healthy controls. The mean (SD) age was 38.7 (11.6) years, 50 (45.5%) were female, 33 (30%) were smokers, and 37 (34.9%) reported recent alcohol consumption. Whole-brain analyses revealed a BD × AUD interaction (F = 10.64; P = .001; η2 = 0.09) within a cluster spanning portions of the right inferior frontal gyrus and insula. Region of interest analyses revealed a main association of BD (F = 8.02; P = .006; η2 = 0.07) within the dorsal striatum. In each instance, individuals with BD + AUD exhibited reduced activation compared with all other groups who did not significantly differ from one another. These hypoactivations were associated with increased impulsivity and obsessive-compulsive alcohol craving exclusively among individuals with BD + AUD. Conclusion and Relevance The findings of this study suggest conceptualizing reward dysfunction in BD + AUD by the potential interaction between blunted reward responsivity and deficient inhibitory control may help guide treatment development strategies. To this end, reduced right inferior frontal gyrus and insula alcohol cue reactivity represents a novel candidate biomarker of BD + AUD that may respond to pharmacological interventions targeting impulsivity-related neural mechanisms for improved executive control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan K. Tolliver
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Helena M. Brenner
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Raymond F. Anton
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - James J. Prisciandaro
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Ebrahimi C, Garbusow M, Sebold M, Chen K, Smolka MN, Huys QJ, Zimmermann US, Schlagenhauf F, Heinz A. Elevated Amygdala Responses During De Novo Pavlovian Conditioning in Alcohol Use Disorder Are Associated With Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer and Relapse Latency. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:803-813. [PMID: 37881557 PMCID: PMC10593898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Contemporary learning theories of drug addiction ascribe a key role to Pavlovian learning mechanisms in the development, maintenance, and relapse of addiction. In fact, cue-reactivity research has demonstrated the power of alcohol-associated cues to activate the brain's reward system, which has been linked to craving and subsequent relapse. However, whether de novo Pavlovian conditioning is altered in alcohol use disorder (AUD) has rarely been investigated. Methods To characterize de novo Pavlovian conditioning in AUD, 62 detoxified patients with AUD and 63 matched healthy control participants completed a Pavlovian learning task as part of a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer paradigm during a functional magnetic resonance imaging session. Patients were followed up for 12 months to assess drinking behavior and relapse status. Results While patients and healthy controls did not differ in their ability to explicitly acquire the contingencies between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, patients with AUD displayed significantly stronger amygdala responses toward Pavlovian cues, an effect primarily driven by stronger blood oxygen level-dependent differentiation during learning from reward compared with punishment. Moreover, in patients compared with controls, differential amygdala responses during conditioning were positively related to the ability of Pavlovian stimuli to influence ongoing instrumental choice behavior measured during a subsequent Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer test. Finally, patients who relapsed within the 12-month follow-up period showed an inverse association between amygdala activity during conditioning and relapse latency. Conclusions We provide evidence of altered neural correlates of de novo Pavlovian conditioning in patients with AUD, especially for appetitive stimuli. Thus, heightened processing of Pavlovian cues might constitute a behaviorally relevant mechanism in alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ebrahimi
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Garbusow
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Sebold
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Technische Hochschule Aschaffenburg, University of Applied Sciences, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Ke Chen
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Quentin J.M. Huys
- Applied Computational Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, Mental Health Neuroscience Department, University College London, London, England, United Kingdom
- Applied Computational Psychiatry Laboratory, Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England, United Kingdom
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich S. Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Addiction Medicine and Psychotherapy, kbo Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München, Haar, Germany
| | - Florian Schlagenhauf
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
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Stamatovich SN, Simons RM, Simons JS. Anhedonia and impulsivity in college alcohol use: A path analysis. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37722885 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2249116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol use is a substantial problem among college students and has several negative consequences. The current study examined the associations between anhedonia and alcohol use and related problems via impulsive behavior (e.g., negative urgency, sensation seeking). We parsed anhedonia into four specific facets: consummatory, anticipatory, recreational, and social anhedonia. PARTICIPANTS Six hundred and forty college students aged 18-25 were included in the final analysis. METHOD Data were collected via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Self-report inventories assessing for anhedonia, alcohol use, impulsive behavior, and depressed mood were utilized. RESULTS Recreational consummatory anhedonia was negatively associated with alcohol use and alcohol-related problems through negative urgency. Recreational consummatory anhedonia also had significant negative associations with alcohol consumption via sensation seeking. Further, social anticipatory anhedonia was positively associated with alcohol use and related problems via negative urgency. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights important associations between anhedonia, impulsivity, and alcohol use and related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney N Stamatovich
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Raluca M Simons
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Simons
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
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10
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Maggioni E, Rossetti MG, Allen NB, Batalla A, Bellani M, Chye Y, Cousijn J, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CR, Martin‐Santos R, Momenan R, Sinha R, Schmaal L, Solowij N, Suo C, van Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Yücel M, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H, Brambilla P, Lorenzetti V. Brain volumes in alcohol use disorder: Do females and males differ? A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging mega-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:4652-4666. [PMID: 37436103 PMCID: PMC10400785 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests distinct neurobiological correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) between sexes, which however remain largely unexplored. This work from ENIGMA Addiction Working Group aimed to characterize the sex differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) correlates of AUD using a whole-brain, voxel-based, multi-tissue mega-analytic approach, thereby extending our recent surface-based region of interest findings on a nearly matching sample using a complementary methodological approach. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 653 people with AUD and 326 controls was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. The effects of group, sex, group-by-sex, and substance use severity in AUD on brain volumes were assessed using General Linear Models. Individuals with AUD relative to controls had lower GM volume in striatal, thalamic, cerebellar, and widespread cortical clusters. Group-by-sex effects were found in cerebellar GM and WM volumes, which were more affected by AUD in females than males. Smaller group-by-sex effects were also found in frontotemporal WM tracts, which were more affected in AUD females, and in temporo-occipital and midcingulate GM volumes, which were more affected in AUD males. AUD females but not males showed a negative association between monthly drinks and precentral GM volume. Our results suggest that AUD is associated with both shared and distinct widespread effects on GM and WM volumes in females and males. This evidence advances our previous region of interest knowledge, supporting the usefulness of adopting an exploratory perspective and the need to include sex as a relevant moderator variable in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Electronics, Information and BioengineeringPolitecnico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Maria G. Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental HealthFondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of PsychiatryUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | | | - Albert Batalla
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of PsychiatryUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Yann Chye
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthSchool of Psychological SciencesMelbourneAustralia
- Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Neuroscience of Addiction Lab, Department of Psychology, Education and Child StudiesErasmus UniversityRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction ResearchAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- School of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry and of NeuroscienceYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Rocio Martin‐Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM and Institute of NeuroscienceUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- OrygenParkvilleAustralia
- Centre for Youth Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research InstituteUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
| | - Chao Suo
- Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Australian Characterisation Commons at Scale (ACCS) ProjectMonash eResearch CentreMelbourneAustralia
| | - Ruth J. van Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction ResearchAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of PsychiatryVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthSchool of Psychological SciencesMelbourneAustralia
- Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics InstituteKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of PsychiatryUniversite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine HospitalMontrealCanada
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental HealthFondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioral and Health SciencesFaculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic UniversityFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
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11
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Zeng J, You L, Sheng H, Luo Y, Yang X. The differential neural substrates for reward choice under gain-loss contexts and risk in alcohol use disorder: Evidence from a voxel-based meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 248:109912. [PMID: 37182355 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Making a risky decision is a complex process that involves the evaluation of both the values of the options and the associated risk level; this process is distinct from reward processing in gain versus loss contexts. Although disrupted reward processing in mesolimbic dopamine circuitry is suggested to underlie pathological incentive processing in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), the differential neural processes subserving these motivational tendencies for risk situations or gain/loss choices in decision-making have not been identified. METHODS To examine the common or distinct neural mechanisms in the evaluation of risk versus outcomes for AUD, we conducted two separate coordinate-based meta-analyses of functional neuroimaging studies by using Seed-Based d Mapping software to evaluate 13 studies investigating gain and loss processing and 10 studies investigating risky decision-making. RESULTS During gain and loss processing, relative to healthy controls, AUD patients showed reduced activation in the mesocortical-limbic circuit, including the orbital prefrontal cortex (OFC), dorsal striatum, insula, hippocampus, cerebellum, cuneus cortex and superior temporal gyrus, but hyperactivation in the inferior temporal gyrus and paracentral lobule (extending to the middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and precuneus). During decision-making under risk, AUD patients exhibited hypoactivity of the prefrontal and cingulate cortices, including the posterior cingulate cortex (extending to the MCC), middle frontal gyrus, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, OFC and anterior cingulate cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our results extend existing neurological evidence by showing that a reduced response in the mesocortical-limbic circuit is found in gain versus loss processing, with decreased responsivity in cortical regions in risk decision-making. Our results implicate dissociable neural circuit responses for gain-loss processing and risk decision-making, which contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism underlying nondrug incentive and risk processing in individuals with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Zeng
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lantao You
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoxuan Sheng
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Nimitvilai-Roberts S, Gioia D, Lopez MF, Glaser CM, Woodward JJ. Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure differentially alters the excitability of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala that project to the dorsal striatum. Neuropharmacology 2023; 228:109463. [PMID: 36792030 PMCID: PMC10006395 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is associated with altered neuron function including those in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) that send glutamatergic inputs to areas of the dorsal striatum (DS) that mediate goal and habit directed actions. Previous studies reported that chronic intermittent (CIE) exposure to ethanol alters the electrophysiological properties of OFC and BLA neurons, although projection targets for these neurons were not identified. In this study, we used male and female mice and recorded current-evoked spiking of retrobead labeled DS-projecting OFC and BLA neurons in the same animals following air or CIE treatment. DS-projecting OFC neurons were hyperexcitable 3- and 7-days following CIE exposure and spiking returned to control levels after 14 days of withdrawal. In contrast, firing was decreased in DS-projecting BLA neurons at 3-days withdrawal, increased at 7- and 14-days and returned to baseline at 28 days post-CIE. CIE exposure enhanced the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) of DS-projecting OFC neurons but had no effect on inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). In DS-projecting BLA neurons, the amplitude and frequency of sIPSCs was enhanced 3 days post-CIE with no change in sEPSCs while at 7-days post-withdrawal, sEPSC amplitude and frequency were increased and sIPSCs had returned to normal. Finally, in CIE-treated mice, acute ethanol no longer inhibited spike firing of DS-projecting OFC and BLA neurons. Overall, these results suggest that CIE-induced changes in the excitability of DS-projecting OFC and BLA neurons could underlie deficits in behavioral control often observed in alcohol-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominic Gioia
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Marcelo F Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Christina M Glaser
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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13
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Zeng J, You L, Yang F, Luo Y, Yu S, Yan J, Liu M, Yang X. A meta-analysis of the neural substrates of monetary reward anticipation and outcome in alcohol use disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:2841-2861. [PMID: 36852619 PMCID: PMC10089105 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity to anticipate and detect rewarding outcomes is fundamental for the development of adaptive decision-making and goal-oriented behavior. Delineating the neural correlates of different stages of reward processing is imperative for understanding the neurobiological mechanism underlying alcohol use disorder (AUD). To examine the neural correlates of monetary anticipation and outcome in AUD patients, we performed two separate voxel-wise meta-analyses of functional neuroimaging studies, including 12 studies investigating reward anticipation and 7 studies investigating reward outcome using the monetary incentive delay task. During the anticipation stage, AUD patients displayed decreased activation in response to monetary cues in mesocortical-limbic circuits and sensory areas, including the ventral striatum (VS), insula, hippocampus, inferior occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus and fusiform gyrus. During the outcome stage, AUD patients exhibited reduced activation in the dorsal striatum, VS and insula, and increased activation in the orbital frontal cortex and medial temporal area. Our findings suggest that different activation patterns are associated with nondrug rewards during different reward processing stages, potentially reflecting a changed sensitivity to monetary reward in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Zeng
- School of Economics and Business AdministrationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lantao You
- School of Economics and Business AdministrationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Chengdu Chenghua District Maternal and Child Health HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ya Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, State Key Lab of BiotherapyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuxian Yu
- School of Economics and Business AdministrationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiangnan Yan
- School of Economics and Business AdministrationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public AffairsChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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14
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Hu Y, Dong F, Xue T, Zhou M, Huang R, Sui F, Guo Q, Hou W, Cai W, Yuan K, Wang H, Yu D. Glutamate levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and resting‐state functional connectivity within reward circuits in alcohol‐dependent patients. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13272. [PMID: 37016753 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Great progress has been made in understanding the neural mechanisms associated with alcohol-dependent (AD) patients. However, the interactions within the reward circuits of the patients need further exploration. Glutamatergic projections from the prefrontal cortex to some brain regions are present in the reward circuit. However, little is known about the potential implications of glutamate levels in the prefrontal cortex on abnormal interactions within reward circuits in AD patients. To determine the potential roles of reward circuits in drinking, we investigated differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and multivariate Granger causality analysis between 20 AD patients and 20 healthy controls (HC). The neuroimaging findings were then correlated with clinical variables (alcohol use disorder identification test). The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VmPFC) is believed to play a critical role in addiction disorders, and glutamatergic projections from the prefrontal cortex to several regions of the brain are present in reward circuits. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was also performed to assess the difference in glutamate levels in VmPFC between AD patients and HC. The results showed that the strength of functional connectivity in the reward circuit was generally attenuated in AD patients, and the reciprocal enhancement of activity between the right insula, left thalamus and VmPFC was found to be significantly greater in AD patients. It is worth noting that although glutamate levels in the VmPFC did not show significant differences between the two groups, the level of glutamate in the VmPFC was significantly correlated with RSFC. We hope that the current findings will help us to develop new intervention models based on the important role of the VmPFC in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Hu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Fang Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Ting Xue
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
- School of Science Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Ruoyan Huang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Feng Sui
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital Xilinhaote China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital Xilinhaote China
| | - Wenbao Hou
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital Xilinhaote China
| | - Wenlong Cai
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital Xilinhaote China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Xi'an China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education Xi'an China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans‐Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Xi'an China
| | - Hongde Wang
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital Xilinhaote China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
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15
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Musial MPM, Beck A, Rosenthal A, Charlet K, Bach P, Kiefer F, Vollstädt-Klein S, Walter H, Heinz A, Rothkirch M. Reward Processing in Alcohol-Dependent Patients and First-Degree Relatives: Functional Brain Activity During Anticipation of Monetary Gains and Losses. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:546-557. [PMID: 35863919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the reward deficiency syndrome and allostatic hypotheses, hyposensitivity of mesocorticolimbic regions to non-alcohol-related stimuli predisposes to dependence or is long-lastingly enhanced by chronic substance use. To date, no study has directly compared mesocorticolimbic brain activity during non-drug reward anticipation between alcohol-dependent, at risk, and healthy subjects. METHODS Seventy-five abstinent alcohol-dependent human subjects (mean abstinence duration 957.66 days), 62 healthy first-degree relatives of alcohol-dependent individuals, and 76 healthy control subjects without family history of alcohol dependence performed a monetary incentive delay task. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data of the anticipation phase were analyzed, during which visual cues predicted that fast response to a target would result in monetary gain, avoidance of monetary loss, or a neutral outcome. RESULTS During gain anticipation, there were no significant group differences. During loss anticipation, abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects showed lower activity in the left anterior insula compared with healthy control subjects without family history of alcohol dependence only (Montreal Neurological Institute [MNI] -25 19 -5; t206 = 4.17, familywise error corrected p = .009). However, this effect was no longer significant when age was included as a covariate. There were no group differences between abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects and healthy first-degree relatives or between healthy first-degree relatives and healthy control subjects during loss anticipation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Neither the neural reward deficiency syndrome nor the allostatic hypotheses are supported by the results. Future studies should investigate whether the incentive salience hypothesis allows for more accurate predictions regarding mesocorticolimbic brain activity of subjects with alcohol dependence and healthy individuals during reward and loss anticipation and further examine the neural substrates underlying a predisposition to dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena P M Musial
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anne Beck
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany; Health and Medical University, Campus Potsdam, Faculty of Health, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annika Rosenthal
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Section on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patrick Bach
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Rothkirch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
- CCM, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Beck A, Ebrahimi C, Rosenthal A, Charlet K, Heinz A. The Dopamine System in Mediating Alcohol Effects in Humans. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 36705911 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain-imaging studies show that the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is determined by a complex interaction of different neurotransmitter systems and multiple psychological factors. In this context, the dopaminergic reinforcement system appears to be of fundamental importance. We focus on the excitatory and depressant effects of acute versus chronic alcohol intake and its impact on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, we describe alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission as associated with symptoms of alcohol dependence. We specifically focus on neuroadaptations to chronic alcohol consumption and their effect on central processing of alcohol-associated and reward-related stimuli. Altered reward processing, complex conditioning processes, impaired reinforcement learning, and increased salience attribution to alcohol-associated stimuli enable alcohol cues to drive alcohol seeking and consumption. Finally, we will discuss how the neurobiological and neurochemical mechanisms of alcohol-associated alterations in reward processing and learning can interact with stress, cognition, and emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Beck
- Faculty of Health, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Pelz P, Genauck A, Lorenz RC, Wüstenberg T, Wackerhagen C, Charlet K, Gleich T, Geisel O, Heinz A, Müller CA, Beck A. Effects of baclofen on insular gain anticipation in alcohol-dependent patients - a randomized, placebo-controlled, pharmaco-fMRI pilot trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:171-183. [PMID: 36538099 PMCID: PMC9816215 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE One hallmark of addiction is an altered neuronal reward processing. In healthy individuals (HC), reduced activity in fronto-striatal regions including the insula has been observed when a reward anticipation task was performed repeatedly. This effect could indicate a desensitization of the neural reward system due to repetition. Here, we investigated this hypothesis in a cohort of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), who have been treated with baclofen or a placebo. The efficacy of baclofen in AUD patients has been shown to have positive clinical effects, possibly via indirectly affecting structures within the neuronal reward system. OBJECTIVES Twenty-eight recently detoxified patients (13 receiving baclofen (BAC), 15 receiving placebo (PLA)) were investigated within a longitudinal, double-blind, and randomized pharmaco-fMRI design with an individually adjusted daily dosage of 30-270 mg. METHODS Brain responses were captured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during reward anticipation while participating in a slot machine paradigm before (t1) and after 2 weeks of individual high-dose medication (t2). RESULTS Abstinence rates were significantly higher in the BAC compared to the PLA group during the 12-week high-dose medication phase. At t1, all patients showed significant bilateral striatal activation. At t2, the BAC group showed a significant decrease in insular activation compared to the PLA group. CONCLUSIONS By affecting insular information processing, baclofen might enable a more flexible neuronal adaptation during recurrent reward anticipation, which could resemble a desensitization as previously observed in HC. This result strengthens the modulation of the reward system as a potential mechanism of action of baclofen. TRIAL REGISTRATION Identifier of the main trial (the BACLAD study) at clinical.gov: NCT0126665.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pelz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander Genauck
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin (BCCN), Unter Den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert C Lorenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Research Council Field of Focus IV, Core Facility for Neuroscience of Self-Regulation (CNSR), Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 51, Building 3011, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Section On Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics (CGET), National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1540, USA
| | - Tobias Gleich
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Herzbergstr. 79, 10365, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Geisel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian A Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Beck
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences | CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Health and Medical University, Campus Potsdam, Olympischer Weg 1, 14471, Potsdam, Germany
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18
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Li C, Dai W, Miao S, Xie W, Yu S. Medication overuse headache and substance use disorder: A comparison based on basic research and neuroimaging. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1118929. [PMID: 36937526 PMCID: PMC10017752 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1118929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has yet to be determined whether medication overuse headache (MOH) is an independent disorder or a combination of primary headache and substance addiction. To further explore the causes of MOH, we compared MOH with substance use disorder (SUD) in terms of the brain regions involved to draw more targeted conclusions. In this review, we selected alcohol use disorder (AUD) as a representative SUD and compared MOH and AUD from two aspects of neuroimaging and basic research. We found that in neuroimaging studies, there were many overlaps between AUD and MOH in the reward circuit, but the extensive cerebral cortex damage in AUD was more serious than that in MOH. This difference was considered to reflect the sensitivity of the cortex structure to alcohol damage. In future research, we will focus on the central amygdala (CeA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), orbital-frontal cortex (OFC), hippocampus, and other brain regions for interventions, which may have unexpected benefits for addiction and headache symptoms in MOH patients.
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19
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MacKillop J, Agabio R, Feldstein Ewing SW, Heilig M, Kelly JF, Leggio L, Lingford-Hughes A, Palmer AA, Parry CD, Ray L, Rehm J. Hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:80. [PMID: 36550121 PMCID: PMC10284465 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs globally. Hazardous drinking, defined by quantity and frequency of consumption, is associated with acute and chronic morbidity. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired control over drinking and other symptoms. Contemporary aetiological perspectives on AUDs apply a biopsychosocial framework that emphasizes the interplay of genetics, neurobiology, psychology, and an individual's social and societal context. There is strong evidence that AUDs are genetically influenced, but with a complex polygenic architecture. Likewise, there is robust evidence for environmental influences, such as adverse childhood exposures and maladaptive developmental trajectories. Well-established biological and psychological determinants of AUDs include neuroadaptive changes following persistent use, differences in brain structure and function, and motivational determinants including overvaluation of alcohol reinforcement, acute effects of environmental triggers and stress, elevations in multiple facets of impulsivity, and lack of alternative reinforcers. Social factors include bidirectional roles of social networks and sociocultural influences, such as public health control strategies and social determinants of health. An array of evidence-based approaches for reducing alcohol harms are available, including screening, pharmacotherapies, psychological interventions and policy strategies, but are substantially underused. Priorities for the field include translating advances in basic biobehavioural research into novel clinical applications and, in turn, promoting widespread implementation of evidence-based clinical approaches in practice and health-care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| | - Roberta Agabio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sarah W Feldstein Ewing
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markus Heilig
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - John F Kelly
- Recovery Research Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne Lingford-Hughes
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry & Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Charles D Parry
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Lara Ray
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (UofT), Toronto, Canada
- WHO European Region Collaborating Centre at Public Health Institute of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Technische Universität Dresden, Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie, Dresden, Germany
- Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Chen Y, Dhingra I, Le TM, Zhornitsky S, Zhang S, Li CSR. Win and Loss Responses in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task Mediate the Link between Depression and Problem Drinking. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121689. [PMID: 36552149 PMCID: PMC9775947 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and alcohol misuse, frequently comorbid, are associated with altered reward processing. However, no study has examined whether and how the neural markers of reward processing are shared between depression and alcohol misuse. We studied 43 otherwise-healthy drinking adults in a monetary incentive delay task (MIDT) during fMRI. All participants were evaluated with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) to assess the severity of drinking and depression. We performed whole brain regressions against each AUDIT and BDI-II score to investigate the neural correlates and evaluated the findings at a corrected threshold. We performed mediation analyses to examine the inter-relationships between win/loss responses, alcohol misuse, and depression. AUDIT and BDI-II scores were positively correlated across subjects. Alcohol misuse and depression shared win-related activations in frontoparietal regions and parahippocampal gyri (PHG), and right superior temporal gyri (STG), as well as loss-related activations in the right PHG and STG, and midline cerebellum. These regional activities (β's) completely mediated the correlations between BDI-II and AUDIT scores. The findings suggest shared neural correlates interlinking depression and problem drinking both during win and loss processing and provide evidence for co-morbid etiological processes of depressive and alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Isha Dhingra
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Thang M. Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-203-974-7354
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21
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Kang Y, Cosme D, Lydon-Staley D, Ahn J, Jovanova M, Corbani F, Lomax S, Stanoi O, Strecher V, Mucha PJ, Ochsner K, Bassett DS, Falk EB. Purpose in life, neural alcohol cue reactivity and daily alcohol use in social drinkers. Addiction 2022; 117:3049-3057. [PMID: 35915548 DOI: 10.1111/add.16012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alcohol craving is an urge to consume alcohol that commonly precedes drinking; however, craving does not lead to drinking for all people under all circumstances. The current study measured the correlation between neural reactivity and alcohol cues as a risk, and purpose in daily life as a protective factor that may influence the link between alcohol craving and the subsequent amount of consumption. DESIGN Observational study that correlated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on neural cue reactivity and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) on purpose in life and alcohol use. SETTING Two college campuses in the United States. PARTICIPANTS A total of 54 college students (37 women, 16 men, and 1 other) recruited via campus-based groups from January 2019 to October 2020. MEASUREMENTS Participants underwent fMRI while viewing images of alcohol; we examined activity within the ventral striatum, a key region of interest implicated in reward and craving. Participants then completed 28 days of EMA and answered questions about daily levels of purpose in life and alcohol use, including how much they craved and consumed alcohol. FINDINGS A significant three-way interaction indicated that greater alcohol cue reactivity within the ventral striatum was associated with heavier alcohol use following craving in daily life only when people were previously feeling a lower than usual sense of purpose. By contrast, individuals with heightened neural alcohol cue reactivity drank less in response to craving if they were feeling a stronger than their usual sense of purpose in the preceding moments (binteraction = -0.086, P < 0.001, 95% CI = -0.137, -0.035). CONCLUSIONS Neural sensitivity to alcohol cues within the ventral striatum appears to be a potential risk for increased alcohol use in social drinkers, when people feel less purposeful. Enhancing daily levels of purpose in life may promote alcohol moderation among social drinkers who show relatively higher reactivity to alcohol cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Kang
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Danielle Cosme
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Lydon-Staley
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeesung Ahn
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mia Jovanova
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Faustine Corbani
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Silicia Lomax
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ovidia Stanoi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Victor Strecher
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Peter J Mucha
- Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Kevin Ochsner
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.,Wharton Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States.,Wharton Operations, Information and Decisions Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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22
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van den Heuvel LL, Ahmed-Leitao F, du Plessis S, Hoddinott G, Spies G, Seedat S. Hazardous or harmful alcohol use and reward processing in people with HIV. J Neurovirol 2022; 28:514-526. [PMID: 36214999 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-022-01097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The intersecting epidemics of HIV and hazardous or harmful alcohol use (HAU) can have significant detrimental consequences. Both HIV and HAU have independent negative influences on executive function. Dysfunction in reward processing may play a role in these co-occurring epidemics. In this cross-sectional case-control study, we investigated the association of HAU with reward processing amongst people with HIV (PWH). We investigated the function of the ventral-striatal reward system using a functional MRI (fMRI) monetary incentive delay (MID) task in a sample of 60 South African adults (mean age 32.7 years): 42 living with HIV and on ART (21 with harmful alcohol use [HIV + HAU], 21 without [HIV-HAU]) and 18 healthy controls, matched for age, gender, and resident community. Education significantly influenced task performance, with those with a secondary level of education demonstrating a greater increase in reaction time (p = 0.048) and accuracy (p = 0.002) than those without. There were no significant differences in reward anticipation in the ventral striatum (VS) between HIV + HAU, HIV-HAU, and healthy controls when controlling for level of education. There were also no significant differences in reward outcome in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) between HIV + HAU, HIV-HAU, and healthy controls when controlling for level of education. In a sample of South African adults, we did not demonstrate significant differences in reward anticipation in the VS and reward outcome in the OFC in PWH, with and without HAU, and controls. Factors, such as task performance, education, and depression may have influenced our results. Further studies are needed to better delineate the potential links between HIV, HAU, and depression and reward system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Building, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa. .,Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Fatima Ahmed-Leitao
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Building, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.,DSI/NRF South African Research Chairs Initiative, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Stefan du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Building, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.,Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Graeme Hoddinott
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Georgina Spies
- Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,DSI/NRF South African Research Chairs Initiative, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Building, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.,Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,DSI/NRF South African Research Chairs Initiative, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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23
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Li G, Chen Y, Chaudhary S, Tang X, Li CSR. Loss and Frontal Striatal Reactivities Characterize Alcohol Use Severity and Rule-Breaking Behavior in Young Adult Drinkers. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:1007-1016. [PMID: 35709958 PMCID: PMC10249655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol misuse is associated with externalizing behaviors, including rule breaking. Studies have implicated altered reward processing in externalizing behaviors and alcohol misuse. Here, we investigated whether reward or punishment reactivity more significantly influenced alcohol use severity and rule-breaking behavior in young adult drinkers. METHODS We curated data from the Human Connectome Project and identified 181 binge (132 men) and 288 nonbinge (97 men) drinkers performing a gambling task during brain imaging. Alcohol use severity was quantified by the first principal component of principal-component analysis of all drinking measures. We analyzed the imaging data using published routines and evaluated the results at a corrected threshold. We examined the interrelationship between imaging and clinical metrics with mediation and path analyses. RESULTS Compared with nonbingers, bingers showed more severe rule-breaking behavior and responded significantly faster during post-loss than during post-win trials. Compared with nonbingers, bingers demonstrated greater inferior/middle frontal gyrus and cerebellum activations in loss-predominating blocks but no differences in regional responses to win-predominating blocks, relative to an interblock baseline. The right caudate body showed loss reactivity that was positively correlated with the rule-breaking score. No regional responses to wins were significantly correlated with the rule-breaking score. Mediation and path analyses demonstrated significant models with inferior/middle frontal gyrus and caudate reactivity to loss interrelating rule breaking and alcohol use severity. CONCLUSIONS Punishment rather than reward reactivity was associated with alcohol use severity and rule breaking in young adults. The findings highlight the roles of negative emotions in psychological models of externalizing behaviors and alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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24
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Canessa N, Basso G, Poggi P, Gianelli C. Altered striatal-opercular intrinsic connectivity reflects decreased aversion to losses in alcohol use disorder. Neuropsychologia 2022; 172:108258. [PMID: 35561813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The persistence of addictive behaviours despite their adverse consequences highlights decreased punishment sensitivity as a facet of decision-making impairments in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). This attitude departs from the typical loss aversion (LA) pattern, i.e. the stronger sensitivity to negative than positive outcomes, previously associated with striatal and limbic-somatosensory responsiveness in healthy individuals. Consistent evidence highlights decreased LA as a marker of disease severity in AUD, but its neural bases remain largely unexplored. AUD-specific modulations of frontolateral activity by LA were previously related to the higher executive demands of anticipating losses than gains, but the relationship between LA and executive/working-memory performance in AUD is debated. Building on previous evidence of overlapping neural bases of LA during decision-making and at rest, we investigated a possible neural signature of altered LA in AUDs, and its connections with executive skills, in terms of complementary facets of resting-state functioning. In patients, smaller LA than controls, unrelated to executive performance, reflected reduced connectivity within striatal and medial temporal networks, and altered connectivity from these regions to the insular-opercular cortex. AUD-specific loss-related modulations of intrinsic connectivity thus involved structures previously associated both with drug-seeking and with coding the trade-off between appetitive and aversive motivational drives. These findings fit the hypothesis that altered striatal coding of choice-related incentive value, and interoceptive responsiveness to prospective outcomes, enhance neural sensitivity to drug-related stimuli in addictions. LA and its neural bases might prove useful markers of AUD severity and effectiveness of rehabilitation strategies targeting the salience of negative choice outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Canessa
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Pavia Institute, 27100, Italy; IUSS Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON) Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
| | | | - Paolo Poggi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Radiology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100, Italy
| | - Claudia Gianelli
- IUSS Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON) Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, 27100, Italy; University of Messina, Messina, 98122, Italy
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25
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Magrabi A, Beck A, Schad DJ, Lett TA, Stoppel CM, Charlet K, Kiefer F, Heinz A, Walter H. Alcohol dependence decreases functional activation of the caudate nucleus during model-based decision processes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:749-758. [PMID: 35307836 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired decision making, a key characteristic of alcohol dependence (AD), manifests in continuous alcohol consumption despite severe negative consequences. The neural basis of this impairment in individuals with AD and differences with known neural decision mechanisms among healthy subjects are not fully understood. In particular, it is unclear whether the choice behavior among individuals with AD is based on a general impairment of decision mechanisms or is mainly explained by altered value attribution, with an overly high subjective value attributed to alcohol-related stimuli. METHODS Here, we use a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) monetary reward task to compare the neural processes of model-based decision making and value computation between AD individuals (n = 32) and healthy controls (n = 32). During fMRI, participants evaluated monetary offers with respect to dynamically changing constraints and different levels of uncertainty. RESULTS Individuals with AD showed lower activation associated with model-based decision processes in the caudate nucleus than controls, but there were no group differences in value-related neural activity or task performance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the role of the caudate nucleus in impaired model-based decisions of alcohol-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeus Magrabi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Beck
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel J Schad
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tristram A Lett
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian M Stoppel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Section on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Komarnyckyj M, Retzler C, Cao Z, Ganis G, Murphy A, Whelan R, Fouragnan EF. At-risk alcohol users have disrupted valence discrimination during reward anticipation. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13174. [PMID: 35470555 PMCID: PMC9286798 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is characterised by disrupted reward learning, underpinned by dysfunctional cortico-striatal reward pathways, although relatively little is known about the biology of reward processing in populations who engage in risky alcohol use. Cues that trigger reward anticipation can be categorized according to their learnt valence (i.e., positive vs. negative outcomes) and motivational salience (i.e., incentive vs. neutral cues). Separating EEG signals associated with these dimensions is challenging because of their inherent collinearity, but the recent application of machine learning methods to single EEG trials affords a solution. Here, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to quantify risky alcohol use, with participants split into high alcohol (HA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 13.82) and low alcohol (LA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 5.77) groups. We applied machine learning multivariate single-trial classification to the electroencephalography (EEG) data collected during reward anticipation. The LA group demonstrated significant valence discrimination in the early stages of reward anticipation within the cue-P3 time window (400-550 ms), whereas the HA group was insensitive to valence within this time window. Notably, the LA, but not the HA group demonstrated a relationship between single-trial variability in the early valence component and reaction times for gain and loss trials. This study evidences disrupted hypoactive valence sensitivity in the HA group, revealing potential neurophysiological markers for risky drinking behaviours which place individuals at-risk of adverse health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mica Komarnyckyj
- Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience University of Huddersfield Huddersfield UK
| | - Chris Retzler
- Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience University of Huddersfield Huddersfield UK
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- School of Psychology Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Giorgio Ganis
- School of Psychology University of Plymouth Plymouth UK
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health University of Plymouth Plymouth UK
| | - Anna Murphy
- Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience University of Huddersfield Huddersfield UK
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Elsa Florence Fouragnan
- School of Psychology University of Plymouth Plymouth UK
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health University of Plymouth Plymouth UK
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27
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Differentiating Individuals with and without Alcohol Use Disorder Using Resting-State fMRI Functional Connectivity of Reward Network, Neuropsychological Performance, and Impulsivity Measures. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12050128. [PMID: 35621425 PMCID: PMC9137599 DOI: 10.3390/bs12050128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) may manifest an array of neural and behavioral abnormalities, including altered brain networks, impaired neurocognitive functioning, and heightened impulsivity. Using multidomain measures, the current study aimed to identify specific features that can differentiate individuals with AUD from healthy controls (CTL), utilizing a random forests (RF) classification model. Features included fMRI-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) across the reward network, neuropsychological task performance, and behavioral impulsivity scores, collected from thirty abstinent adult males with prior history of AUD and thirty CTL individuals without a history of AUD. It was found that the RF model achieved a classification accuracy of 86.67% (AUC = 93%) and identified key features of FC and impulsivity that significantly contributed to classifying AUD from CTL individuals. Impulsivity scores were the topmost predictors, followed by twelve rsFC features involving seventeen key reward regions in the brain, such as the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and other cortical and subcortical structures. Individuals with AUD manifested significant differences in impulsivity and alterations in functional connectivity relative to controls. Specifically, AUD showed heightened impulsivity and hypoconnectivity in nine connections across 13 regions and hyperconnectivity in three connections involving six regions. Relative to controls, visuo-spatial short-term working memory was also found to be impaired in AUD. In conclusion, specific multidomain features of brain connectivity, impulsivity, and neuropsychological performance can be used in a machine learning framework to effectively classify AUD individuals from healthy controls.
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Pickard H. Is addiction a brain disease? A plea for agnosticism and heterogeneity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:993-1007. [PMID: 34825924 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Although increasingly subject to criticism, the brain disease model of addiction (BDMA) remains dominant within addiction science. Yet few advocates or critics of the BDMA have provided an account of what a brain disease is. The aim of this review is to conceptually clarify what it would mean for the BDMA to be true, rather than to argue decisively for or against it. OBJECTIVES Conceptual clarification of the BDMA requires consideration of possible models of disease and their relationship to the BDMA. A barrier to such consideration is belief that the BDMA is necessary to combatting addiction stigma. To address this barrier, I begin with discussion of what we know about the effects of the brain disease label on addiction stigma, and why labelling effects should have no bearing on the validity of the BDMA. I then distinguish strong, minimal, network, and mismatch models of disease, and I argue that the BDMA aligns with a strong disease model. This means that underlying brain pathology is hypothesized to be the cause of the personal-level observable signs and experienced symptoms characteristic of addiction. Evaluation of the BDMA therefore requires analysis of the concepts of brain dysfunction and causation, and their application to addiction science. RESULTS Brain dysfunction cannot be analyzed merely as brain changes or brain differences; nor can it be inferred merely from the presence of personal-level signs and symptoms. It is necessary to have an account of normal brain function by which to measure it. The theoretical and empirical challenges to developing such an account are not insurmountable, but they are substantial. Although there exist competing analyses of causation, there is a relatively standard method used to establish it within experimental science: intervention. Using this method, the causal significance of brain states, such as, e.g., extensive gray matter loss and/or neuroadapations in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, is not yet fully demonstrated. Further studies are necessary to determine their effect compared with other possible variables, such as, e.g., alternative reinforcers. CONCLUSIONS Conceptual clarification and preliminary empirical assessment of the BDMA recommends agnosticism about its validity and an openness to heterogeneity; in some cases addiction may be a brain disease, in others not. Either way, addiction stigma can be combatted by fighting moralism about drugs and moralistic drug policies directly, as opposed to resting hopes on the brain disease label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pickard
- William H. Miller III Department of Philosophy & Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, 281 Gilman Hall, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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Effects of the Fyn kinase inhibitor saracatinib on ventral striatal activity during performance of an fMRI monetary incentive delay task in individuals family history positive or negative for alcohol use disorder. A pilot randomised trial. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:840-846. [PMID: 34475522 PMCID: PMC8882177 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Altered striatal regulation of the GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors by the Fyn/Src family of protein tyrosine kinases has been implicated in animal alcohol consumption. Previously, we have described differences between individuals positive (FHP) and negative (FHN) for familial alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the ventral striatal (VS) activation associated with monetary incentive delay task (MIDT) performance during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Here, we used AZD0530 (saracatinib), a centrally active Fyn/Src inhibitor to probe the role of Fyn/Src regulation of NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in VS activation differences between FHP and FHN individuals during fMRI MIDT performance. We studied 21 FHN and 22 FHP individuals, all without AUD. In two sessions, spaced 1 week apart, we administered 125 mg of saracatinib or placebo in a double-blind manner, prior to measuring VS signal during fMRI MIDT performance. MIDT comprises reward prospect, anticipation, and outcome phases. During the initial (prospect of reward) task phase, there was a significant group-by-condition interaction such that, relative to placebo, saracatinib reduced VS BOLD signal in FHP and increased it in FHN individuals. This study provides the first human evidence that elevated signaling in striatal protein kinase A-dependent pathways may contribute to familial AUD risk via amplifying the neural response to the prospect of reward. As Fyn kinase is responsible for NMDAR upregulation, these data are consistent with previous evidence for upregulated NMDAR function within reward circuitry in AUD risk. These findings also suggest a possible therapeutic role for Src/Fyn kinase inhibitors in AUD risk.
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Martins JS, Joyner KJ, McCarthy DM, Morris DH, Patrick CJ, Bartholow BD. Differential brain responses to alcohol-related and natural rewards are associated with alcohol use and problems: Evidence for reward dysregulation. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13118. [PMID: 34877771 PMCID: PMC8891069 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple theoretical perspectives posit that drug use leads to biased valuation of drug-related reward, at the expense of naturally occurring rewarding activities (i.e., reward dysregulation). Recent research suggests that the comparative balance of drug-related and nondrug-related reward valuation is a powerful determinant of substance misuse and addiction. We examined differential neurophysiological responses-indexed with the P3 component of the event-related potential (ERP)-elicited by visual alcohol cues and cues depicting natural reward as a neurobiological indicator of problematic drinking. Nondependent, young adult drinkers (N = 143, aged 18-30 years) completed questionnaire measures assessing alcohol use and problems, and viewed alcohol cues (pictures of alcoholic beverages), high-arousing natural reward cues (erotica, adventure scenes), nonalcoholic beverage cues, and neutral scenes (e.g., household items) while ERPs were recorded. When examined separately, associations of P3-ERP reactivity to alcohol cues and natural reward cues with alcohol use and problems were weak. However, differential P3 response to the two types of cues (i.e., reward dysregulation P3) showed consistent and robust associations with all indices of alcohol use and problems and differentiated high-risk from lower-risk drinkers. The current results support the idea that the differential incentive-motivational value of alcohol, relative to naturally rewarding activities, is associated with increased risk for substance misuse and dependence, and highlight a novel neurophysiological indicator-the reward dysregulation P3-of this differential reward valuation.
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Hasler BP, Graves JL, Soehner AM, Wallace ML, Clark DB. Preliminary Evidence That Circadian Alignment Predicts Neural Response to Monetary Reward in Late Adolescent Drinkers. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:803349. [PMID: 35250449 PMCID: PMC8888521 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.803349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust evidence links sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances to alcohol use and alcohol-related problems, with a growing literature implicating reward-related mechanisms. However, the extant literature has been limited by cross-sectional designs, self-report or behavioral proxies for circadian timing, and samples without substantive alcohol use. Here, we employed objective measures of sleep and circadian rhythms, and an intensive prospective design, to assess whether circadian alignment predicts the neural response to reward in a sample of late adolescents reporting regular alcohol use. METHODS Participants included 31 late adolescents (18-22 y/o; 19 female participants) reporting weekly alcohol use. Participants completed a 14-day protocol including pre- and post-weekend (Thursday and Sunday) circadian phase assessments via the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), in counterbalanced order. Sleep-wake timing was assessed via actigraphy. Circadian alignment was operationalized as the DLMO-midsleep interval; secondary analyses considered social jet lag based on weekday-weekend differences in midsleep or DLMO. Neural response to reward (anticipation and outcome) was assessed via a monetary reward fMRI task (Friday and Monday scans). Alcohol use was assessed at baseline and via ecological momentary assessment. Mean BOLD signal was extracted from two regions-of-interest (striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC) for analyses in regression models, accounting for age, sex, racial identity, and scan order. RESULTS In primary analyses, shorter DLMO-midsleep intervals (i.e., greater misalignment) on Thursday predicted lower striatal and mPFC responses to anticipated reward, but not reward outcome, on Friday. Lower neural (striatum and mPFC) responses to anticipated reward on Friday correlated with more binge-drinking episodes at baseline, but were not associated with alcohol use in the post-scan weekend. In secondary analyses, greater social jet lag (particularly larger weekend delays in midsleep or DLMO) was associated with lower neural responses to reward anticipation on Monday. CONCLUSION Findings provide preliminary evidence of proximal associations between objectively determined circadian alignment and the neural response to anticipated monetary reward, which is linked in turn to patterns of problematic drinking. Replication in a larger sample and experimental designs will be important next steps to determining the extent to which circadian misalignment influences risk for alcohol involvement via alterations in reward function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brant P. Hasler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Rohlfing N, Bonnet U, Tendolkar I, Hinney A, Scherbaum N. Subjective reward processing and catechol- O- methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism as potential research domain criteria in addiction: A pilot study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:992657. [PMID: 36311493 PMCID: PMC9613938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.992657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach seeks to understand mental functioning in continuous valid dimensions ranging from functional to pathological. Reward processing is a transdiagnostic functioning domain of the RDoC. Due to prototypical abnormalities, addictions are especially applicable for the investigation of reward processing. Subjective reward processing is challenging to determine and differs between genotypes of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism for incomparable daily life experiences. Thus, we implemented the monetary incentive delay (MID) task with comparable reward cues and visual analog scales (VAS) to assess subjective reward processing in male abstinent cannabis-dependent individuals (N = 13) and a control group of nicotine smokers (N = 13). COMT Val158Met genotypes were nominally associated with differences in cigarettes smoked per day and motivation in the MID Task (p = 0.028; p = 0.017). For feedback gain, activation of the right insula was increased in controls, and activation correlated with gain expectancy and satisfaction about gain. Subjective value is not detached from reward parameters, but is modulated from expectancy and reward by the insula. The underlying neural mechanisms are a fundamental target point for treatments, interventions, and cognitive behavioral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Rohlfing
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Hospital Essen, Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Udo Bonnet
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Hospital Essen, Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Indira Tendolkar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Hospital Essen, Hospital of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Fogelman N, Hwang S, Sinha R, Seo D. Social Support Effects on Neural Stress and Alcohol Reward Responses. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 54:461-482. [PMID: 34734391 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Social support (SS), or having people to depend on during times of stress, may offer an emotional and neurological buffer to problem drinking. Specifically, SS may modulate reward and stress-related brain responses to mitigate perceptions of alcohol reward and stress. There is limited evidence, however, on this topic and specifically on brain networks that may modulate SS effects on stress and alcohol reward. Here we present a review of the current literature on this topic as well as data from a large community sample of 115 social drinkers. Findings from a novel fMRI task viewing alcohol cue, stress, and neutral images, in separate blocks, while providing ratings on subjective feelings of alcohol craving, stress, and arousal are included. Lower SS significantly predicted greater alcohol craving during alcohol cue and stress conditions, higher baseline levels of stress, and greater arousal in the alcohol cue, relative to neutral condition. Remarkably, individuals with low SS showed greater reward activation (ventral medial prefrontal cortex (VmPFC) and ventral striatum) during alcohol cue exposure, while those with high SS showed no such activation (p < 0.001, family wise error corrected at 0.05). Furthermore, individuals with lower SS showed greater stress circuit (VmPFC, dorsal striatum, and periaqueductal gray) activation not observed in the high SS groups. Both groups showed increased amygdala activation under stress condition. The findings support the notion that SS is a powerful modulator of stress response and reward motivation. High SS buffers neural and subjective stress responses, while low SS potentiates greater reward seeking with higher alcohol craving and greater brain activation during alcohol cue exposure. Previous research and current results suggest the need to further explore the role of SS in those at risk of developing alcohol use disorder and assess novel prevention strategies to boost SS in at-risk drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Fogelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Seungju Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dongju Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Zhou YU, Finlayson G, Liu X, Zhou Q, Liu T, Zhou C. Effects of Acute Dance and Aerobic Exercise on Drug Craving and Food Reward in Women with Methamphetamine Dependence. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2245-2253. [PMID: 34115731 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug dependence causes an overestimation of drug-related stimuli and an underestimation of non-drug-related stimuli, such as food. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute moderate-intensity dance and aerobic exercise on drug craving, appetite, prefrontal neural activation to food cues, and food reward in women with methamphetamine MA dependence. METHODS Thirty-nine women who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition MA dependence criteria participated in the experiment and were randomly assigned to either a dance (n = 20) or exercise (n = 19) group. A moderate-intensity (65%-75% maximum heart rate) 35-min dance or treadmill intervention counterbalanced with a reading control session was conducted. After the intervention or control, subjective drug craving was measured before and after exposure to drug-related cues. Visual analog scales were used to measure subjective feelings of appetite. Participants then completed a visual food cue paradigm while using functional near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor prefrontal blood oxygen changes. Finally, the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire was used to measure reward responses to different categories of food. RESULTS The results showed that the dance and exercise interventions reduced subjective craving for drugs after being exposed to drug cues (P = 0.019). Implicit wanting (P < 0.001) and relative preferences (P = 0.001) for high-calorie savory foods were all increased after interventions relative to control. Compared with the control session, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P = 0.020) was activated when viewing high-calorie foods after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. CONCLUSIONS The current results support the use of moderate-intensity exercise as a therapeutic intervention to restore the balance between drug and nondrug rewards by decreasing cue-induced MA craving and increasing food reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y U Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Xudong Liu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
| | - Qichen Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
| | - Tianze Liu
- People's Liberation Army Second Military Medical University Naval Medical University, Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
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Berhe O, Gerhardt S, Schmahl C. Clinical Outcomes of Severe Forms of Early Social Stress. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 54:417-438. [PMID: 34628586 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Early social stress, particularly severe but nevertheless frequent forms such as abuse and neglect, are among the major risk factors for the development of mental disorders. However, we only have very limited knowledge of the psychobiological disease mechanisms underlying the influence of early life stress and stress-related disorders during this vulnerable phase of life. Early stress can have long-lasting adverse effects on the brain and other somatic systems, e.g. through influences on brain development. In adulthood, the prior experience of abuse or neglect can result in complex clinical profiles. Besides conditions such as mood and anxiety disorders as well as posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders (SUD) are among the most prevalent sequelae of early social stress. Current social stress further influences the development and maintenance of these disorders, e.g., by increasing the risk of relapses. In this chapter, we will first give an overview of currently used methods to assess the phenomenology and pathophysiology of stress-related disorders and then focus on the phenomenological and neurobiological background of the interaction between early social stress and SUD. We will give an overview of important insights from neuroimaging studies and will also highlight recent findings from studies using digital tools such as ecological momentary assessment or virtual reality to capture the influence of early social stress as well as current social stress in everyday life of persons with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Berhe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerhardt
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Schmahl
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Cao Z, Ottino‐Gonzalez J, Cupertino RB, Schwab N, Hoke C, Catherine O, Cousijn J, Dagher A, Foxe JJ, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CR, London ED, Lorenzetti V, Luijten M, Martin‐Santos R, Momenan R, Paulus MP, Schmaal L, Sinha R, Sjoerds Z, Solowij N, Stein DJ, Stein EA, Uhlmann A, Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Wiers RW, Yücel M, Zhang S, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H. Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13010. [PMID: 33508888 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n = 1,796) and nondependent participants (n = 996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | | | - Renata B. Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Nathan Schwab
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Colin Hoke
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Orr Catherine
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Health Sciences Swinburne University Melbourne Australia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Departments of Psychology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Alain Dagher
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - John J. Foxe
- Department of Neuroscience and The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester New York USA
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Edythe D. London
- David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Australian Catholic University Sydney Australia
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Rocio Martin‐Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa Oklahoma USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen Parkville Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Zsuzsika Sjoerds
- Institute of Psychology and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden University Leiden Netherlands
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia
| | - Dan J. Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Ruth J. Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Reinout W. Wiers
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)‐lab, Department of Psychology and Center for Urban Mental Health University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Marina del Rey Californis USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
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Karl D, Bumb JM, Bach P, Dinter C, Koopmann A, Hermann D, Mann K, Kiefer F, Vollstädt-Klein S. Nalmefene attenuates neural alcohol cue-reactivity in the ventral striatum and subjective alcohol craving in patients with alcohol use disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2179-2189. [PMID: 33846866 PMCID: PMC8292278 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05842-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol use disorder is a common and devastating mental illness for which satisfactory treatments are still lacking. Nalmefene, as an opioid receptor modulator, could pharmacologically support the reduction of drinking by reducing the (anticipated) rewarding effects of alcohol and expanding the range of treatment options. It has been hypothesized that nalmefene acts via an indirect modulation of the mesolimbic reward system. So far, only a few imaging findings on the neuronal response to nalmefene are available. OBJECTIVES We tested the effect of a single dose of 18 mg nalmefene on neuronal cue-reactivity in the ventral and dorsal striatum and subjective craving. METHODS Eighteen non-treatment-seeking participants with alcohol use disorder (67% male, M = 50.3 ± 13.9 years) with a current high-risk drinking level (M = 76.9 ± 52 g of pure alcohol per day) were investigated using a cue-reactivity task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study/design. In addition, self-reported craving was assessed before and after exposure to alcohol cues. RESULTS An a priori defined region of interest (ROI) analysis of fMRI data from 15 participants revealed that nalmefene reduced alcohol cue-reactivity in the ventral, but not the dorsal striatum. Additionally, the subjective craving was significantly reduced after the cue-reactivity task under nalmefene compared to placebo. CONCLUSION In the present study, reduced craving and cue-reactivity to alcohol stimuli in the ventral striatum by nalmefene indicates a potential anti-craving effect of this drug via attenuation of neural alcohol cue-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Karl
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Malte Bumb
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Bach
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Dinter
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Koopmann
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Derik Hermann
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
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Surakka A, Vengeliene V, Skorodumov I, Meinhardt M, Hansson AC, Spanagel R. Adverse social experiences in adolescent rats result in persistent sex-dependent effects on alcohol-seeking behavior. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1468-1478. [PMID: 34273113 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that women with prior exposure to adverse childhood experiences are more susceptible to heavy drinking and other health-related behaviors. Yet, preclinical studies investigating sex-dependent effects of adolescent adverse social experiences (ASEs) on later alcohol-seeking behavior are lacking. This is mainly due to the unavailability of valid animal models and a shortage of studies that compare effects in males and females. Therefore, we sought to investigate the sex-dependent effects of ASE on adult alcohol-seeking behavior, locomotion, and reward sensitivity in male and female rats. METHODS We recently developed a rat model for childhood/adolescent peer rejection that allows us to study the long-term consequences of ASEs. Adolescent Wistar rats were reared from postnatal day (pd) 21 to pd 50 either within a group of Fischer 344 rats (ASE) or within a group of Wistar rats (control). Wistar rats housed with Fischer 344 rats do not reciprocate social play in adolescence. This reduced play across adolescence mimics peer rejection and results in chronic dysregulation of social and pain-related behaviors. We tested adult male and female rats in the reinstatement paradigm for cue-induced alcohol-seeking behavior, circadian locomotor activity, and sucrose consumption long after the termination of the peer rejection condition. RESULTS Peer rejection induced persistent sex-dependent changes in alcohol cue-induced reinstatement. Females showed an increased reinstatement effect while peer-rejected males demonstrated a decrease. Sex differences were observed in locomotor activity or reward sensitivity to sucrose. CONCLUSIONS Peer rejection has long-lasting sex-dependent consequences on alcohol-seeking behavior without affecting locomotion or sweet reward sensitivity. Our results suggest that peer-rejected female rats represent a vulnerable population in which to study relapse-like behaviors that are similar to clinical findings, while males seem to buffer the peer rejection effect and demonstrate resilience to later life alcohol-seeking behaviors, as measured by the reinstatement effect. Finally, we provide a novel approach to investigate the molecular and neurobiological underpinnings of ASEs on alcohol and other drug-seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akseli Surakka
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valentina Vengeliene
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ivan Skorodumov
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcus Meinhardt
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anita C Hansson
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Zeng J, Yu S, Cao H, Su Y, Dong Z, Yang X. Neurobiological correlates of cue-reactivity in alcohol-use disorders: A voxel-wise meta-analysis of fMRI studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:294-310. [PMID: 34171325 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Altered brain responses to alcohol-associated stimuli are a neural hallmark of alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and a promising target for pharmacotherapy. However, findings in cue-reactivity based functional MRI (fMRI) studies are inconclusive. To investigate the neural substrates of cue-reactivity and their relevance to treatment outcomes, alcohol craving and relapse in AUD patients, we performed five meta-analyses using signed differential mapping software. Our meta-analysis revealed that alcohol cues evoke greater cue-reactivity than neutral cues in the mesocorticolimbic circuit and lower reactivity in the parietal and temporal regions in AUD patients. Compared to controls, AUD individuals displayed hyperactivations in the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior/middle part of the cingulate cortex. After receiving AUD treatment, AUD patients exhibited greater activations in the precentral gyrus but reduced activations in the bilateral caudate nucleus, insula, right DLPFC, and left superior frontal gyrus. No significant results were found in cue-reactivity correlates of alcohol craving and relapse. Our results implicate cue-induced abnormalities in corticostriatal-limbic circuits may underline the pathophysiology of AUD, and have translational value for treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Zeng
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuxian Yu
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hempstead, NY, USA; Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Yueyue Su
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Grimm O, van Rooij D, Hoogman M, Klein M, Buitelaar J, Franke B, Reif A, Plichta MM. Transdiagnostic neuroimaging of reward system phenotypes in ADHD and comorbid disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:165-181. [PMID: 34144113 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ADHD is a disorder characterized by changes in the reward system and which is highly comorbid with other mental disorders, suggesting common neurobiological pathways. Transdiagnostic neuroimaging findings could help to understand whether a dysregulated reward pathway might be the actual link between ADHD and its comorbidities. We here synthesize ADHD neuroimaging findings on the reward system with findings in obesity, depression, and substance use disorder including their comorbid appearance regarding neuroanatomical features (structural MRI) and activation patterns (resting-state and functional MRI). We focus on findings from monetary-incentive-delay (MID) and delay-discounting (DD) tasks and then review data on striatal connectivity and volumetry. Next, for better understanding of comorbidity in adult ADHD, we discuss these neuroimaging features in ADHD, obesity, depression and substance use disorder and ask whether ADHD heterogeneity and comorbidity are reflected by a common dysregulation in the reward system. Finally, we highlight conceptual issues related to heterogeneous paradigms, different phenotyping, longitudinal prediction and highlight some promising future directions for using striatal reward functioning as a clinical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Grimm
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CNS Department, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CNS Department, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Klein
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CNS Department, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CNS Department, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CNS Department, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael M Plichta
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Mindfulness in Treatment Approaches for Addiction — Underlying Mechanisms and Future Directions. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
While the treatment of addictive disorders proves to be challenging, new treatment approaches that evolved around the concepts of mindfulness and acceptance have been utilized and investigated in recent years. Our goal is to summarize the efficacy and possible underlying mechanisms of mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) in addictive disorders.
Recent Findings
Various meta-analyses have suggested that MBIs show clinical efficacy in the treatment of addictive disorders. Considering the factors that impact addictive disorders, MBIs have been indicated to augment responsiveness to natural rewards in contrast to addiction-related cues as well as to increase top-down cognitive control, decrease subjective and physiological stress perception, and enhance positive affect.
Summary
In summary, MBIs hold promise in treating addictive disorders while larger randomized controlled trials with longitudinal study designs are needed to confirm their utility. Newest clinical endeavors strive to enhance the clinical utility of MBIs by augmentation or personalization.
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Ivanov I, Parvaz MA, Velthorst E, Shaik RB, Sandin S, Gan G, Spechler P, Albaugh MD, Chaarani B, Mackey S, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Artiges E, Lemaitre H, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Garavan H. Substance Use Initiation, Particularly Alcohol, in Drug-Naive Adolescents: Possible Predictors and Consequences From a Large Cohort Naturalistic Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 60:623-636. [PMID: 33011213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear whether deviations in brain and behavioral development, which may underpin elevated substance use during adolescence, are predispositions for or consequences of substance use initiation. Here, we examine behavioral and neuroimaging indices at early and mid-adolescence in drug-naive youths to identify possible predisposing factors for substance use initiation and its possible consequences. METHOD Among 304 drug-naive adolescents at baseline (age 14 years) from the IMAGEN dataset, 83 stayed drug-naive, 133 used alcohol on 1 to 9 occasions, 42 on 10 to 19 occasions, 27 on 20 to 39 occasions, and 19 on >40 occasions at follow-up (age 16 years). Baseline measures included brain activation during the Monetary Incentive Delay task. Data at both baseline and follow-up included measures of trait impulsivity and delay discounting. RESULTS From baseline to follow-up, impulsivity decreased in the 0 and 1- to 9-occasions groups (p < .004), did not change in the 10- to 19-occasions and 20- to 29-occasions groups (p > .294), and uncharacteristically increased in the >40-occasions group (p = .046). Furthermore, blunted medial orbitofrontal cortex activation during reward outcome at baseline significantly predicted higher alcohol use frequency at follow-up, above and beyond behavioral and clinical variables (p = .008). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the transition from no use to frequent drinking in early to mid-adolescence may disrupt normative developmental changes in behavioral control. In addition, blunted activity of the medial orbitofrontal cortex during reward outcome may underscore a predisposition toward the development of more severe alcohol use in adolescents. This distinction is clinically important, as it informs early intervention efforts in preventing the onset of substance use disorder in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Riaz B Shaik
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Sven Sandin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Herta Flor
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Penny Gowland
- University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- 12Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Herve Lemaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- University of Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Henrik Walter
- 12Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Loganathan K, Ho ETW. Value, drug addiction and the brain. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106816. [PMID: 33453587 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, various models have been proposed to explain the psychology and biology of drug addiction, built primarily around the habit and compulsion models. Recent research indicates drug addiction may be goal-directed, motivated by excessive valuation of drugs. Drug consumption may initially occur for the sake of pleasure but may transition to a means of escaping withdrawal, stress and negative emotions. In this hypothetical paper, we propose a value-based neurobiological model for drug addiction. We posit that during dependency, the value-based decision-making system in the brain is not inactive but has instead prioritized drugs as the reward of choice. In support of this model, we consider the role of valuation in choice, its influence on pleasure and punishment, and how valuation is contrasted in impulsive and compulsive behaviours. We then discuss the neurobiology of value, beginning with the dopaminergic system and its relationship with incentive salience before moving to brain-wide networks involved in valuation, control and prospection. These value-based neurobiological components are then integrated into the cycle of addiction as we consider the development of drug dependency from a valuation perspective. We conclude with a discussion of cognitive interventions utilizing value-based decision-making, highlighting not just advances in recalibrating the valuation system to focus on non-drug rewards, but also areas for improvement in refining this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavinash Loganathan
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Tatt Wei Ho
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia; Dept of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia
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Kumar R, Kumar KJ, Benegal V, Roopesh BN, Ravi GS. Effectiveness of an Integrated Intervention Program for Alcoholism: Electrophysiological Findings. Indian J Psychol Med 2021; 43:223-233. [PMID: 34345098 PMCID: PMC8287391 DOI: 10.1177/0253717620927870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroelectrophysiological measures such as electroencephalograms (EEGs) in resting state and event-related potentials (ERPs) provide valuable information about the vulnerability and treatment-related changes in persons with alcoholism. This study examined the effectiveness of an Integrated Intervention Program for Alcoholism (IIPA) using electrophysiological measures. METHODS Fifty individuals with early onset of alcohol dependence participated. They were grouped randomly into two: the treatment as usual (TAU) group and the treatment group, matched on age (±1 year) and education (±1 year). eyes closed and resting state EEGs and ERPs on cognitive tasks (flanker task, alcohol Go/No-Go task, and single outcome gambling task) were recorded before and after treatment. The TAU group received pharmacotherapy, six days/week yoga sessions, and three sessions/week group therapy on relapse prevention while the treatment group received IIPA along with usual treatment (except yoga) for 18 days. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the groups pre-treatment. RM-ANOVA for pre- and post-treatment stages showed a significant difference between the two groups in the absolute power of alpha, beta, theta, and delta, during eye closure, in the resting-state EEGs. The treatment group showed significantly larger N200/N2 amplitude in congruent and incongruent conditions (flanker task), N200/N2 amplitude for alcohol No-Go, P300/P3 amplitude for neutral No-Go on alcohol Go/No-Go task, and outcome-related positivity (ORP) amplitude on single outcome gambling task. CONCLUSION This exploratory study suggests that IIPA is effective for enhancing relaxation state and attentiveness, decreasing hyperarousal, and ameliorating neurocognitive dysfunctions of conflict-monitoring, response inhibition, and reward processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Keshav Janakiprasad Kumar
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vivek Benegal
- Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bangalore N Roopesh
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Girikematha S Ravi
- Dept. of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Faulkner ML, Momenan R, Leggio L. A neuroimaging investigation into the role of peripheral metabolic biomarkers in the anticipation of reward in alcohol use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108638. [PMID: 33667782 PMCID: PMC8527598 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between alcohol use and metabolism has focused on the effects of alcohol use on metabolic factors. Metabolic factors, such as triglycerides, cholesterol, and glucose, have been shown to be associated with increased risk for heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD). It's been suggested that changes in metabolic factors may play a role in reward seeking behaviors and pathways. Studies on feeding behavior and obesity revealed the role of triglycerides in neural response to food cues in neurocircuitry regulating reward and feeding behaviors. This study aimed to explore the relationship of peripheral metabolism, alcohol use, and reward processing in individuals that use alcohol. METHODS Ninety participants from a previously collected dataset were included in the analysis. Participants were treatment seeking, detoxified individuals with AUD and healthy individuals without AUD, with the following metabolic biomarkers: triglyceride, glucose, high- and low-density cholesterol, and HbA1c levels. Participants completed a neuroimaging version of the Monetary Incentive Delay task (MID). RESULTS Correlations on peripheral metabolic biomarkers, alcohol use, and neural activity during reward anticipation and outcome during the MID task were not significant. Mediation models revealed triglycerides and high-density cholesterol had significant effects on left anterior insula during anticipation of potential monetary loss and this effect was not mediated by alcohol use. CONCLUSION Limbic recruitment by anticipation of monetary rewards revealed an independent relationship with peripheral metabolism and was not affected by individual differences in alcohol use, despite the effects of alcohol use on metabolic markers and reward processing neural circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L. Faulkner
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, MD, USA, 20814
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical Neuroimaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20814
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA.
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Aloi J, Crum KI, Blair KS, Zhang R, Bashford-Largo J, Bajaj S, Schwartz A, Carollo E, Hwang S, Leiker E, Filbey FM, Averbeck BB, Dobbertin M, Blair RJR. Individual associations of adolescent alcohol use disorder versus cannabis use disorder symptoms in neural prediction error signaling and the response to novelty. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 48:100944. [PMID: 33773241 PMCID: PMC8024914 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the most commonly used illegal substances by adolescents are alcohol and cannabis. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are associated with poorer decision-making in adolescents. In adolescents, level of AUD symptomatology has been negatively associated with striatal reward responsivity. However, little work has explored the relationship with striatal reward prediction error (RPE) representation and the extent to which any augmentation of RPE by novel stimuli is impacted. One-hundred fifty-one adolescents participated in the Novelty Task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this task, participants learn to choose novel or non-novel stimuli to gain monetary reward. Level of AUD symptomatology was negatively associated with both optimal decision-making and BOLD response modulation by RPE within striatum and regions of prefrontal cortex. The neural alterations in RPE representation were particularly pronounced when participants were exploring novel stimuli. Level of CUD symptomatology moderated the relationship between novelty propensity and RPE representation within inferior parietal lobule and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. These data expand on an emerging literature investigating individual associations of AUD symptomatology levels versus CUD symptomatology levels and RPE representation during reinforcement processing and provide insight on the role of neuro-computational processes underlying reinforcement learning/decision-making in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Aloi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Kathleen I Crum
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Adolescent Behavioral Health Research Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Karina S Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Ru Zhang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Johannah Bashford-Largo
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Sahil Bajaj
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Amanda Schwartz
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Erin Carollo
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Soonjo Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Emily Leiker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Francesca M Filbey
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- Section on Learning and Decision Making, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew Dobbertin
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - R James R Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research in Children, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
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[ICD-11: changes in the diagnostic criteria of substance dependence]. DER NERVENARZT 2021; 93:51-58. [PMID: 33591416 PMCID: PMC8763741 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-021-01071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund In der ICD(International Classification of Diseases)-11 ändern sich die Kriterien für die Diagnose der Substanzabhängigkeit. Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung) Erörterung der Vor- und Nachteile der neu verfassten Diagnosekriterien. Material und Methoden Diskussion unter Berücksichtigung neurobiologischer, sozialer und klinischer Forschungsergebnisse. Ergebnisse Im ICD-11 werden wie bisher Abhängigkeitserkrankungen und schädlicher Gebrauch unterschieden. Zur Diagnose der Abhängigkeit werden die ehemals 6 Diagnosekriterien in 3 Paaren gebündelt, von denen künftig 2 erfüllt sein müssen. Innerhalb der Paare genügt ein erfülltes Kriterium, damit das Paar als bejaht gilt. Unter Bezugnahme wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse im Suchtbereich zeigen sich Vor- und Nachteile. Hierbei könnte sich die Spezifität der Diagnosestellung gegenüber dem ICD-10 verschlechtern, da pro Paar nur ein Kriterium erfüllt sein muss und somit die Möglichkeit besteht, dass nicht problematisches Konsumverhalten inkorrekt pathologisiert und falsch diagnostiziert wird. Das erscheint als problematisch, da die Definition des ICD-10 „Anhaltender Konsum trotz eindeutiger schädlicher Folgen“, im ICD-11 weiter gefasst wird als „Oft fortgeführter Konsum trotz Auftreten von Problemen“. Dies könnte dazu führen, dass das Kriterium einfach deshalb erfüllt wird, weil der Konsum einer Substanz in einem bestimmten Land illegal ist. In der bisher größten multinationalen Studie in 10 Ländern zur Konkordanz der Diagnosesysteme wurde unter Verwendung der ICD-11 die Alkoholabhängigkeit ca. 10 % häufiger gestellt als mittels ICD-10. Schlussfolgerung In der ICD-11 werden die Diagnosen der Substanzabhängig und des Missbrauchs als klinisch sinnvolle Syndrome aufrechterhalten. Ob die diagnostischen Neuerungen in der Praxis hilfreich sind oder beispielsweise negative soziale Auswirkungen für die Betroffenen im Sinne unangemessener Pathologisierung mit sich bringen, ist systematisch zu prüfen.
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Maurage P, Pabst A, Lannoy S, D'Hondt F, de Timary P, Gaudelus B, Peyroux E. Tackling heterogeneity: Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:299-307. [PMID: 33096328 PMCID: PMC7738413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with social cognition deficits. Patients with SAUD are impaired for the recognition of emotional facial expressions, particularly at early stages of abstinence. These deficits damage interpersonal relations and increase relapse risk. However, uncertainties still abound on their variation across emotions and on the heterogeneity of emotional impairments across patients. We addressed these questions by exploring how the deficit varies according to emotions' type/intensity and patients' heterogeneity. METHODS Sixty-five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched healthy controls performed the Facial Emotion Recognition Test, assessing the ability to identify six emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) displayed by morphed faces with various intensities. Accuracy scores and detection thresholds were collected for each emotion. Beyond group comparisons, multiple single-case analyses determined the percentage of patients presenting decoding deficits for each emotion. RESULTS When current depression and anxiety symptoms were controlled for, patients did not present a general emotion decoding deficit, but were rather characterized by specific deficits for disgust/contempt in accuracy, and for disgust in detection threshold scores. Single-case analyses showed that only a third of patients presented a clinically significant emotional deficit. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SAUD only present emotional decoding deficits for specific interpersonal emotions (disgust/contempt) when subclinical psychopathological states are controlled for, and show no general emotional impairment. This goes against the proposal of a generalized social cognition deficit in this population. This group effect moreover masks a massive heterogeneity across patients, which has implications at experimental and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Gaudelus
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
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Qiu Z, Wang J. A voxel-wise meta-analysis of task-based functional MRI studies on impaired gain and loss processing in adults with addiction. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E128-E146. [PMID: 33185525 PMCID: PMC7955844 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in gain and loss processing have been extensively reported in adults with addiction, a brain disorder characterized by obsession with addictive substances or behaviours. Previous studies have provided conflicting results with respect to neural abnormalities in gain processing in addiction, and few investigations into loss processing. METHODS We conducted voxel-wise meta-analyses of abnormal task-evoked regional activities in adults with substance dependence and gambling addiction during the processing of gains and losses not related to their addiction (mainly monetary). We identified 24 studies, including 465 participants with substance dependence, 81 with gambling addiction and 490 healthy controls. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, all participants with addictions showed hypoactivations in the prefrontal cortex, striatum and insula and hyperactivations in the default mode network during gain anticipation; hyperactivations in the prefrontal cortex and both hyper- and hypoactivations in the striatum during loss anticipation; and hyperactivations in the occipital lobe during gain outcome. In the substance dependence subgroup, activity in the occipital lobe was increased during gain anticipation but decreased during loss anticipation. LIMITATIONS We were unable to conduct meta-analyses in the gambling addiction subgroup because of a limited data set. We did not investigate the effects of clinical variables because of limited information. CONCLUSION The current study identified altered brain activity associated with higher- and lower-level function during gain and loss processing for non-addiction (mainly monetary) stimuli in adults with substance dependence and gambling addiction. Adults with addiction were more sensitive to anticipatory gains than losses at higher- and lower-level brain areas. These results may help us to better understand the pathology of gain and loss processing in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeguo Qiu
- From the Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, China (Qiu, Wang); and the School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Australia (Qiu)
| | - Junjing Wang
- From the Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, China (Qiu, Wang); and the School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Australia (Qiu)
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Strosche A, Zhang X, Kirsch M, Hermann D, Ende G, Kiefer F, Vollstädt‐Klein S. Investigation of brain functional connectivity to assess cognitive control over cue-processing in Alcohol Use Disorder. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12863. [PMID: 31908107 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder has been associated with impairments of functional connectivity between neural networks underlying reward processing and cognitive control. Evidence for aberrant functional connectivity between the striatum, insula, and frontal cortex in alcohol users exists at rest, but not during cue-exposure. In this study, we investigated functional connectivity changes during a cue-reactivity task across different subgroups of alcohol consumers. Ninety-six participants (ranging from light social to heavy social drinkers and nonabstinent dependent to abstinent dependent drinkers) were examined. A functional magnetic resonance imaging cue-reactivity paradigm was administered, during which alcohol-related and neutral stimuli were presented. Applying psychophysiological interaction analyses, we found: (a) Abstinent alcohol-dependent patients compared with non-abstinent dependent drinkers showed a greater increase of functional connectivity of the ventral striatum and anterior insula with the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the presentation of alcohol cues compared with neutral cues. (b) Subjective craving correlated positively with functional connectivity change between the posterior insula and the medial orbitofrontal cortex and negatively with functional connectivity change between the ventral striatum and the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. (c) Compulsivity of alcohol use correlated positively with functional connectivity change between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum, anterior insula, and posterior insula. Results suggest increased cognitive control over cue-processing in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients, compensating high levels of cue-provoked craving and compulsive use. Clinical trial registration details: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00926900.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Strosche
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui China
- Hefei Medical Research Center on Alcohol Addiction Anhui Mental Health Center Hefei China
- Academy of Psychology and Behavior Tianjin Normal University Tianjin China
| | - Martina Kirsch
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Derik Hermann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Gabriele Ende
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt‐Klein
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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