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Burré J, Edwards RH, Halliday G, Lang AE, Lashuel HA, Melki R, Murayama S, Outeiro TF, Papa SM, Stefanis L, Woerman AL, Surmeier DJ, Kalia LV, Takahashi R. Research Priorities on the Role of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38946200 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Various forms of Parkinson's disease, including its common sporadic form, are characterized by prominent α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregation in affected brain regions. However, the role of αSyn in the pathogenesis and evolution of the disease remains unclear, despite vast research efforts of more than a quarter century. A better understanding of the role of αSyn, either primary or secondary, is critical for developing disease-modifying therapies. Previous attempts to hone this research have been challenged by experimental limitations, but recent technological advances may facilitate progress. The Scientific Issues Committee of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) charged a panel of experts in the field to discuss current scientific priorities and identify research strategies with potential for a breakthrough. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Burré
- Appel Institute for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert H Edwards
- Department of Physiology and Neurology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Glenda Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilal A Lashuel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- The Brain Bank for Neurodevelopmental, Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Stella M Papa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- First Department of Neurology, Eginitio Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amanda L Woerman
- Department of Biology, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Prion Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Dalton James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Lorraine V Kalia
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Potera K, Tomala K. Using yeasts for the studies of nonfunctional factors in protein evolution. Yeast 2024. [PMID: 38895906 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolution of protein sequence is driven not only by factors directly related to protein function and shape but also by nonfunctional factors. Such factors in protein evolution might be categorized as those connected to energetic costs, synthesis efficiency, and avoidance of misfolding and toxicity. A common approach to studying them is correlational analysis contrasting them with some characteristics of the protein, like amino acid composition, but these features are interdependent. To avoid possible bias, empirical studies are needed, and not enough work has been done to date. In this review, we describe the role of nonfunctional factors in protein evolution and present an experimental approach using yeast as a suitable model organism. The focus of the proposed approach is on the potential negative impact on the fitness of mutations that change protein properties not related to function and the frequency of mutations that change these properties. Experimental results of testing the misfolding avoidance hypothesis as an explanation for why highly expressed proteins evolve slowly are inconsistent with correlational research results. Therefore, more efforts should be made to empirically test the effects of nonfunctional factors in protein evolution and to contrast these results with the results of the correlational analysis approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Potera
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tomala
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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3
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Xu S, Yang TJ, Xu S, Gong YN. Plasma membrane repair empowers the necrotic survivors as innate immune modulators. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:93-106. [PMID: 37648621 PMCID: PMC10872800 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is crucial to the survival of animal cells, and damage to it can be lethal, often resulting in necrosis. However, cells possess multiple mechanisms for repairing the membrane, which allows them to maintain their integrity to some extent, and sometimes even survive. Interestingly, cells that survive a near-necrosis experience can recognize sub-lethal membrane damage and use it as a signal to secrete chemokines and cytokines, which activate the immune response. This review will present evidence of necrotic cell survival in both in vitro and in vivo systems, including in C. elegans, mouse models, and humans. We will also summarize the various membrane repair mechanisms cells use to maintain membrane integrity. Finally, we will propose a mathematical model to illustrate how near-death experiences can transform dying cells into innate immune modulators for their microenvironment. By utilizing their membrane repair activity, the biological effects of cell death can extend beyond the mere elimination of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Xu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Burn and Wound Repair of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; International Biomedicine-X Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, 718 East Haizhou Rd., Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China
| | - Tyler J Yang
- Departments of Biology and Advanced Placement Biology, White Station High School, Memphis, TN 38117, USA
| | - Suhong Xu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Burn and Wound Repair of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; International Biomedicine-X Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, 718 East Haizhou Rd., Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Gong
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Center Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Melki R. Disease Mechanisms of Multiple System Atrophy: What a Parallel Between the Form of Pasta and the Alpha-Synuclein Assemblies Involved in MSA and PD Tells Us. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:13-21. [PMID: 35657577 PMCID: PMC10864476 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular deposits rich in aggregated alpha-synuclein that appear within the central nervous system are intimately associated to Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. While it is understandable that the aggregation of proteins, which share no primary structure identity, such as alpha-synuclein and tau protein, leads to different diseases, that of a given protein yielding distinct pathologies is counterintuitive. This short review relates molecular and mechanistic processes to the observed pathological diversity associated to alpha-synuclein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France.
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Meem TM, Khan U, Mredul MBR, Awal MA, Rahman MH, Khan MS. A Comprehensive Bioinformatics Approach to Identify Molecular Signatures and Key Pathways for the Huntington Disease. Bioinform Biol Insights 2023; 17:11779322231210098. [PMID: 38033382 PMCID: PMC10683407 DOI: 10.1177/11779322231210098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a degenerative brain disease caused by the expansion of CAG (cytosine-adenine-guanine) repeats, which is inherited as a dominant trait and progressively worsens over time possessing threat. Although HD is monogenetic, the specific pathophysiology and biomarkers are yet unknown specifically, also, complex to diagnose at an early stage, and identification is restricted in accuracy and precision. This study combined bioinformatics analysis and network-based system biology approaches to discover the biomarker, pathways, and drug targets related to molecular mechanism of HD etiology. The gene expression profile data sets GSE64810 and GSE95343 were analyzed to predict the molecular markers in HD where 162 mutual differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Ten hub genes among them (DUSP1, NKX2-5, GLI1, KLF4, SCNN1B, NPHS1, SGK2, PITX2, S100A4, and MSX1) were identified from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network which were mostly expressed as down-regulated. Following that, transcription factors (TFs)-DEGs interactions (FOXC1, GATA2, etc), TF-microRNA (miRNA) interactions (hsa-miR-340, hsa-miR-34a, etc), protein-drug interactions, and disorders associated with DEGs were predicted. Furthermore, we used gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to emphasize relevant gene ontology terms (eg, TF activity, sequence-specific DNA binding) linked to DEGs in HD. Disease interactions revealed the diseases that are linked to HD, and the prospective small drug molecules like cytarabine and arsenite was predicted against HD. This study reveals molecular biomarkers at the RNA and protein levels that may be beneficial to improve the understanding of molecular mechanisms, early diagnosis, as well as prospective pharmacologic targets for designing beneficial HD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahera Mahnaz Meem
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Umama Khan
- Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bazlur Rahman Mredul
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Awal
- Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salauddin Khan
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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6
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Bigi A, Cascella R, Cecchi C. α-Synuclein oligomers and fibrils: partners in crime in synucleinopathies. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2332-2342. [PMID: 37282450 PMCID: PMC10360081 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.371345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein is the general hallmark of a group of devastating neurodegenerative pathologies referred to as synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In such conditions, a range of different misfolded aggregates, including oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils, are present both in neurons and glial cells. Growing experimental evidence supports the proposition that soluble oligomeric assemblies, formed during the early phases of the aggregation process, are the major culprits of neuronal toxicity; at the same time, fibrillar conformers appear to be the most efficient at propagating among interconnected neurons, thus contributing to the spreading of α-synuclein pathology. Moreover, α-synuclein fibrils have been recently reported to release soluble and highly toxic oligomeric species, responsible for an immediate dysfunction in the recipient neurons. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the plethora of mechanisms of cellular dysfunction caused by α-synuclein oligomers and fibrils, both contributing to neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bigi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Xu SQ, Sie ZY, Hsu JI, Tan KT. Small Plasma Membrane-Targeted Fluorescent Dye for Long-Time Imaging and Protein Degradation Analyses. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15549-15555. [PMID: 37816133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane (PM)-targeted fluorescent dyes have become an important tool to visualize morphological and dynamic changes in the cell membrane. However, most of these PM dyes are either too large and thus might potentially perturb the membrane and affect its functions or exhibit a short retention time on the cell membrane. The rapid internalization problem is particularly severe for PM dyes based on cationic and neutral hydrophobic fluorescent dyes, which can be easily transported into the cells by transmembrane potential and passive diffusion mechanisms. In this paper, we report a small but highly specific PM fluorescent dye, PM-1, which exhibits a very long retention time on the plasma membrane with a half-life of approximately 15 h. For biological applications, we demonstrated that PM-1 can be used in combination with protein labeling probes to study ectodomain shedding and endocytosis processes of cell surface proteins and successfully demonstrated that native transmembrane human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCAIX) is degraded via the ectodomain shedding mechanism. In contrast, hCAIX undergoes endocytic degradation in the presence of sheddase inhibitors. We believe that PM-1 can be a versatile tool to provide detailed insights into the dynamic processes of the cell surface proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Qiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yan Sie
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jung-I Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kui-Thong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tiwari A, Pradhan S, Sannigrahi A, Mahakud AK, Jha S, Chattopadhyay K, Biswas M, Saleem M. “Interplay of lipid-head group and packing defects in driving Amyloid-beta mediated myelin-like model membrane deformation”. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104653. [PMID: 36990217 PMCID: PMC10148160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that amyloid plaque associated myelin lipid loss as a result of elevated amyloid burden might also contribute to Alzheimer's disease. The amyloid fibrils though closely associated with lipids under physiological conditions, however, the progression of membrane remodeling events leading to lipid-fibril assembly remains unknown. Here we first reconstitute the interaction of Aβ-40 with myelin-like model membrane and show that the binding of Aβ-40 induces extensive tubulation. To look into the mechanism of membrane tubulation we chose a set of membrane conditions varying in lipid packing density and net charge that allows us to dissect the contribution of lipid specificity of Aβ-40 binding, aggregation kinetics, and subsequent changes in membrane parameters such as fluidity, diffusion, and compressibility modulus. We show that the binding of Aβ-40 depends predominantly on the lipid packing defect densities and electrostatic interactions and results in rigidification of the myelin-like model membrane during the early phase of amyloid aggregation. Furthermore, elongation of Aβ-40 into higher oligomeric and fibrillar species leads to eventual fluidization of the model membrane followed by extensive lipid membrane tubulation observed in the late phase. Taken together, our results capture mechanistic insights into snapshots of temporal dynamics of Aβ-40 - myelin-like model membrane interaction and demonstrate how short timescale, local phenomena of binding, and fibril-mediated load generation results in the consequent association of lipids with growing amyloid fibrils.
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Mitra S, Dash R, Sohel M, Chowdhury A, Munni YA, Ali C, Hannan MA, Islam T, Moon IS. Targeting Estrogen Signaling in the Radiation-induced Neurodegeneration: A Possible Role of Phytoestrogens. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:353-379. [PMID: 35272592 PMCID: PMC10190149 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220310115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation for medical use is a well-established therapeutic method with an excellent prognosis rate for various cancer treatments. Unfortunately, a high dose of radiation therapy comes with its own share of side effects, causing radiation-induced non-specific cellular toxicity; consequently, a large percentage of treated patients suffer from chronic effects during the treatment and even after the post-treatment. Accumulating data evidenced that radiation exposure to the brain can alter the diverse cognitive-related signaling and cause progressive neurodegeneration in patients because of elevated oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and loss of neurogenesis. Epidemiological studies suggested the beneficial effect of hormonal therapy using estrogen in slowing down the progression of various neuropathologies. Despite its primary function as a sex hormone, estrogen is also renowned for its neuroprotective activity and could manage radiation-induced side effects as it regulates many hallmarks of neurodegenerations. Thus, treatment with estrogen and estrogen-like molecules or modulators, including phytoestrogens, might be a potential approach capable of neuroprotection in radiation-induced brain degeneration. This review summarized the molecular mechanisms of radiation effects and estrogen signaling in the manifestation of neurodegeneration and highlighted the current evidence on the phytoestrogen mediated protective effect against radiationinduced brain injury. This existing knowledge points towards a new area to expand to identify the possible alternative therapy that can be taken with radiation therapy as adjuvants to improve patients' quality of life with compromised cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Apusi Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, North-South University, Dhaka-12 29, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Chayan Ali
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 08, Sweden
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju38066, Republic of Korea
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10
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Fyn nanoclustering requires switching to an open conformation and is enhanced by FTLD-Tau biomolecular condensates. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:946-962. [PMID: 36258016 PMCID: PMC9908554 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fyn is a Src kinase that controls critical signalling cascades and has been implicated in learning and memory. Postsynaptic enrichment of Fyn underpins synaptotoxicity in dementias such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tau pathology (FTLD-Tau). The FLTD P301L mutant Tau is associated with a higher propensity to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and form biomolecular condensates. Expression of P301L mutant Tau promotes aberrant trapping of Fyn in nanoclusters within hippocampal dendrites by an unknown mechanism. Here, we used single-particle tracking photoactivated localisation microscopy to demonstrate that the opening of Fyn into its primed conformation promotes its nanoclustering in dendrites leading to increased Fyn/ERK/S6 downstream signalling. Preventing the auto-inhibitory closed conformation of Fyn through phospho-inhibition or through perturbation of its SH3 domain increased Fyn's nanoscale trapping, whereas inhibition of the catalytic domain had no impact. By combining pharmacological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that P301L Tau enhanced both Fyn nanoclustering and Fyn/ERK/S6 signalling via its ability to form biomolecular condensates. Together, our findings demonstrate that Fyn alternates between a closed and an open conformation, the latter being enzymatically active and clustered. Furthermore, pathogenic immobilisation of Fyn relies on the ability of P301L Tau to form biomolecular condensates, thus highlighting the critical importance of LLPS in controlling nanoclustering and downstream intracellular signalling events.
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11
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Oliveira DV, Coupland KG, Shao W, Jin S, Del Gaudio F, Wang S, Fox R, Rutten JW, Sandin J, Zetterberg H, Lundkvist J, Lesnik Oberstein SAJ, Lendahl U, Karlström H. Active immunotherapy reduces NOTCH3 deposition in brain capillaries in a CADASIL mouse model. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16556. [PMID: 36524456 PMCID: PMC9906330 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic form of familial small vessel disease; no preventive or curative therapy is available. CADASIL is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene, resulting in a mutated NOTCH3 receptor, with aggregation of the NOTCH3 extracellular domain (ECD) around vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we have developed a novel active immunization therapy specifically targeting CADASIL-like aggregated NOTCH3 ECD. Immunizing CADASIL TgN3R182C150 mice with aggregates composed of CADASIL-R133C mutated and wild-type EGF1-5 repeats for a total of 4 months resulted in a marked reduction (38-48%) in NOTCH3 deposition around brain capillaries, increased microglia activation and lowered serum levels of NOTCH3 ECD. Active immunization did not impact body weight, general behavior, the number and integrity of vascular smooth muscle cells in the retina, neuronal survival, or inflammation or the renal system, suggesting that the therapy is tolerable. This is the first therapeutic study reporting a successful reduction of NOTCH3 accumulation in a CADASIL mouse model supporting further development towards clinical application for the benefit of CADASIL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Oliveira
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Kirsten G Coupland
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Wenchao Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Shaobo Jin
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | | | - Sailan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Rhys Fox
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Julie W Rutten
- Department of Clinical GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Johan Sandin
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Alzecure FoundationHuddingeSweden,Alzecure PharmaHuddingeSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden,Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden,Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of Neurology, Queen SquareLondonUK,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK,Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water BayHong KongChina
| | - Johan Lundkvist
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Alzecure FoundationHuddingeSweden,Sinfonia BiotherapeuticsHuddingeSweden
| | | | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Helena Karlström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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12
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Vicic N, Guo X, Chan D, Flanagan JG, Sigal IA, Sivak JM. Evidence of an Annexin A4 mediated plasma membrane repair response to biomechanical strain associated with glaucoma pathogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3687-3702. [PMID: 35862065 PMCID: PMC9891715 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common neurodegenerative blinding disease that is closely associated with chronic biomechanical strain at the optic nerve head (ONH). Yet, the cellular injury and mechanosensing mechanisms underlying the resulting damage have remained critically unclear. We previously identified Annexin A4 (ANXA4) from a proteomic analyses of human ONH astrocytes undergoing pathological biomechanical strain that mimics glaucomatous conditions. Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins with key functions in plasma membrane repair (PMR); an active mechanism to limit and mend cellular injury that involves membrane and cytoskeletal reorganizations. However, a role for direct membrane damage and PMR has not been well studied in the context of biomechanical strain, such as that associated with glaucoma. Here we report that this moderate strain surprisingly damages cell membranes to increase permeability in a calcium-dependent manner, and induces rapid aggregation of ANXA4 at injury sites. ANXA4 loss-of-function increases permeability, while exogenous ANXA4 reduces it. Furthermore, ANXA4 aggregation is associated with F-actin dynamics in vitro, and remarkably this interaction and aggregation signature is also observed in the glaucomatous ONH in patient samples. Together these studies link moderate biomechanical strain with direct membrane damage and actin dynamics, and identify an active PMR role for ANXA4 in new model of cell injury associated with glaucoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Vicic
- Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoxin Guo
- Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darren Chan
- Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John G Flanagan
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ian A. Sigal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Sivak
- Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. Interactions between the Nicotinic and Endocannabinoid Receptors at the Plasma Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:812. [PMID: 36005727 PMCID: PMC9414690 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compartmentalization, together with transbilayer and lateral asymmetries, provide the structural foundation for functional specializations at the cell surface, including the active role of the lipid microenvironment in the modulation of membrane-bound proteins. The chemical synapse, the site where neurotransmitter-coded signals are decoded by neurotransmitter receptors, adds another layer of complexity to the plasma membrane architectural intricacy, mainly due to the need to accommodate a sizeable number of molecules in a minute subcellular compartment with dimensions barely reaching the micrometer. In this review, we discuss how nature has developed suitable adjustments to accommodate different types of membrane-bound receptors and scaffolding proteins via membrane microdomains, and how this "effort-sharing" mechanism has evolved to optimize crosstalk, separation, or coupling, where/when appropriate. We focus on a fast ligand-gated neurotransmitter receptor, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and a second-messenger G-protein coupled receptor, the cannabinoid receptor, as a paradigmatic example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofía Vallés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina
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14
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Tian Y, Liu J, Yang F, Lian C, Zhang H, Viles JH, Li Z. Therapeutic potential for amyloid surface inhibitor: only amyloid-β oligomers formed by secondary nucleation disrupt lipid membrane integrity. FEBS J 2022; 289:6767-6781. [PMID: 35670622 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregation is a promising therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as Aβ aggregation is generally believed to trigger AD pathology. Pre-fibril Aβ-oligomers induce membrane disruption and are crucial to neurotoxicity. We have previously designed a short peptide called cyclic helical amyloid surface inhibitor (cHASI) that can selectively bind to the Aβ fibril surface. Here, we use cHASI to efficiently inhibit the surface-catalysed secondary nucleation process of Aβ in a lipid membrane environment. By incubating Aβ monomers with lipid vesicles, we show that during the assembly of Aβ into amyloid fibrils, oligomers are formed that markedly disrupt the lipid bilayer. Remarkably, when Aβ monomers are incubated with cHASI, although Aβ forms amyloid fibrils via primary nucleation and elongation, this pathway to fibrils does not damage the lipid bilayer. This indicates that only oligomers produced during secondary surface nucleation disrupt membrane integrity. The protective effect of cHASI is confirmed by cytotoxicity assays. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential for inhibiting the secondary nucleation process in Aβ aggregation, rather than inhibiting all pathways to fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tian
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China
| | - Fadeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China
| | - Chenshan Lian
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - John H Viles
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Zigang Li
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China
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15
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Shafiq M, Da Vela S, Amin L, Younas N, Harris DA, Zerr I, Altmeppen HC, Svergun D, Glatzel M. The prion protein and its ligands: Insights into structure-function relationships. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119240. [PMID: 35192891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prion protein is a multifunctional protein that exists in at least two different folding states. It is subject to diverse proteolytic processing steps that lead to prion protein fragments some of which are membrane-bound whereas others are soluble. A multitude of ligands bind to the prion protein and besides proteinaceous binding partners, interaction with metal ions and nucleic acids occurs. Although of great importance, information on structural and functional consequences of prion protein binding to its partners is limited. Here, we will reflect on the structure-function relationship of the prion protein and its binding partners considering the different folding states and prion protein fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Shafiq
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefano Da Vela
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg c/o German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ladan Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Neelam Younas
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - David A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hermann C Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri Svergun
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg c/o German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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16
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Impact of α-Synuclein Fibrillar Strains and β-Amyloid Assemblies on Mouse Cortical Neurons Endo-Lysosomal Logistics. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0227-21.2022. [PMID: 35470226 PMCID: PMC9118757 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0227-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal transport and positioning cooperate in the establishment of neuronal compartment architecture, dynamics, and function, contributing to neuronal intracellular logistics. Furthermore, dysfunction of endo-lysosomal has been identified as a common mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we analyzed endo-lysosomal transport when α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrillar polymorphs, β-amyloid (Aβ) fibrils, and oligomers were externally applied on primary cultures of mouse cortical neurons. To measure this transport, we used a simple readout based on the spontaneous endocytosis in cultured neurons of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs), a perfectly stable nano-emitter, and the subsequent automatic extraction and quantification of their directed motions at high-throughput. α-Syn fibrillar polymorphs, Aβ fibrils, and oligomers induce a 2-fold decrease of the fraction of nanodiamonds transported along microtubules, while only slightly reducing their interaction with cortical neurons. This important decrease in moving endosomes is expected to have a huge impact on neuronal homeostasis. We next assessed lysosomes dynamics, using LysoTracker. Neurons exposure to Aβ oligomers led to an increase in the number of lysosomes, a decrease in the fraction of moving lysosome and an increase in their size, reminiscent of that found in APP transgenic model of Alzheimer’s disease. We then analyzed the effect of α-syn fibrillar polymorphs, Aβ fibrils, and oligomers on endosomal and lysosomal transport and quantified directed transport of those assemblies within cortical neurons. We report different impacts on endosomal and lysosomal transport parameters and differences in the trajectory lengths of cargoes loaded with pathogenic protein assemblies. Our results suggest that intraneuronal pathogenic protein aggregates internalization and transport may represent a target for novel neuroprotective therapeutic strategies.
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17
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Melki R. Amyloid polymorphs and pathological diversities. Neurochem Int 2022; 156:105335. [PMID: 35395342 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The presence of protein aggregates within the central nervous system is intimately associated to debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. While the aggregation of proteins, that share no primary structure identity, is understandable in different diseases, that of a given protein yielding distinct pathologies is counterintuitive. This short review relates molecular and mechanistic processes to the observed pathological diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses cedex, France.
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18
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Sanders HM, Jovcevski B, Marty MT, Pukala TL. Structural and mechanistic insights into amyloid-β and α-synuclein fibril formation and polyphenol inhibitor efficacy in phospholipid bilayers. FEBS J 2022; 289:215-230. [PMID: 34268903 PMCID: PMC8727495 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Under certain cellular conditions, functional proteins undergo misfolding, leading to a transition into oligomers which precede the formation of amyloid fibrils. Misfolding proteins are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. While the importance of lipid membranes in misfolding and disease aetiology is broadly accepted, the influence of lipid membranes during therapeutic design has been largely overlooked. This study utilized a biophysical approach to provide mechanistic insights into the effects of two lipid membrane systems (anionic and zwitterionic) on the inhibition of amyloid-β 40 and α-synuclein amyloid formation at the monomer, oligomer and fibril level. Large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were shown to increase fibrillization and largely decrease the effectiveness of two well-known polyphenol fibril inhibitors, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol; however, use of immunoblotting and ion mobility mass spectrometry revealed this occurs through varying mechanisms. Oligomeric populations in particular were differentially affected by LUVs in the presence of resveratrol, an elongation phase inhibitor, compared to EGCG, a nucleation targeted inhibitor. Ion mobility mass spectrometry showed EGCG interacts with or induces more compact forms of monomeric protein typical of off-pathway structures; however, binding is reduced in the presence of LUVs, likely due to partitioning in the membrane environment. Competing effects of the lipids and inhibitor, along with reduced inhibitor binding in the presence of LUVs, provide a mechanistic understanding of decreased inhibitor efficacy in a lipid environment. Together, this study highlights that amyloid inhibitor design may be misguided if effects of lipid membrane composition and architecture are not considered during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry M. Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Blagojce Jovcevski
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Michael T. Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tara L. Pukala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia,Correspondence: Tara L. Pukala: School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; ; Tel. +61 8 8313 5497
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19
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El-Battari A, Rodriguez L, Chahinian H, Delézay O, Fantini J, Yahi N, Di Scala C. Gene Therapy Strategy for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Aimed at Preventing the Formation of Neurotoxic Oligomers in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11550. [PMID: 34768981 PMCID: PMC8583875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We present here a gene therapy approach aimed at preventing the formation of Ca2+-permeable amyloid pore oligomers that are considered as the most neurotoxic structures in both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Our study is based on the design of a small peptide inhibitor (AmyP53) that combines the ganglioside recognition properties of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ, Alzheimer) and α-synuclein (α-syn, Parkinson). As gangliosides mediate the initial binding step of these amyloid proteins to lipid rafts of the brain cell membranes, AmyP53 blocks, at the earliest step, the Ca2+ cascade that leads to neurodegeneration. Using a lentivirus vector, we genetically modified brain cells to express the therapeutic coding sequence of AmyP53 in a secreted form, rendering these cells totally resistant to oligomer formation by either Aβ or α-syn. This protection was specific, as control mCherry-transfected cells remained fully sensitive to these oligomers. AmyP53 was secreted at therapeutic concentrations in the supernatant of cultured cells, so that the therapy was effective for both transfected cells and their neighbors. This study is the first to demonstrate that a unique gene therapy approach aimed at preventing the formation of neurotoxic oligomers by targeting brain gangliosides may be considered for the treatment of two major neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assou El-Battari
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France; (A.E.-B.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Léa Rodriguez
- CUO-Recherche, Département d’ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval and Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Henri Chahinian
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France; (A.E.-B.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Olivier Delézay
- Faculté de Médecine, SAINBIOSE INSERM U1059, Campus Santé Innovations, 42270 St. Priest en Jarez, France;
| | - Jacques Fantini
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France; (A.E.-B.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Nouara Yahi
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France; (A.E.-B.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Coralie Di Scala
- Neuroscience Center—HiLIFE, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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20
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Structural mapping techniques distinguish the surfaces of fibrillar 1N3R and 1N4R human tau. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101252. [PMID: 34592311 PMCID: PMC8551503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The rigid core of intracellular tau filaments from Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease (PiD), and Corticobasal disease (CBD) brains has been shown to differ in their cryo-EM atomic structure. Despite providing critical information on the intimate arrangement of a fraction of htau molecule within the fibrillar scaffold, the cryo-EM studies neither yield a complete picture of tau fibrillar assemblies structure nor contribute insights into the surfaces that define their interactions with numerous cellular components. Here, using proteomic approaches such as proteolysis and molecular covalent painting, we mapped the exposed amino acid stretches at the surface and those constituting the fibrillar core of in vitro-assembled fibrils of human htau containing one N-terminal domain and three (1N3R) or four (1N4R) C-terminal microtubule-binding repeat domains as a result of alternative splicing. Using limited proteolysis, we identified the proteolytic fragments composing the molecular “bar-code” for each type of fibril. Our results are in agreement with structural data reported for filamentous tau from AD, PiD, and CBD cases predigested with the protease pronase. Finally, we report two amino acid stretches, exposed to the solvent in 1N4R not in 1N3R htau, which distinguish the surfaces of these two kinds of fibrils. Our findings open new perspectives for the design of highly specific ligands with diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
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21
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Dias C, Nita E, Faktor J, Tynan AC, Hernychova L, Vojtesek B, Nylandsted J, Hupp TR, Kunath T, Ball KL. CHIP-dependent regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to neuronal cell membrane integrity. iScience 2021; 24:102878. [PMID: 34401662 PMCID: PMC8350547 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CHIP is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that contributes to healthy aging and has been characterized as neuroprotective. To elucidate dominant CHIP-dependent changes in protein steady-state levels in a patient-derived human neuronal model, CHIP function was ablated using gene-editing and an unbiased proteomic analysis conducted to compare knock-out and wild-type isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons. Rather than a broad effect on protein homeostasis, loss of CHIP function impacted on a focused cohort of proteins from actin cytoskeleton signaling and membrane integrity networks. In support of the proteomics, CHIP knockout cells had enhanced sensitivity to induced membrane damage. We conclude that the major readout of CHIP function in cortical neurons derived from iPSC of a patient with elevate α-synuclein, Parkinson's disease and dementia, is the modulation of substrates involved in maintaining cellular "health". Thus, regulation of the actin cytoskeletal and membrane integrity likely contributes to the neuroprotective function(s) of CHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Dias
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Erisa Nita
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jakub Faktor
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ailish C. Tynan
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lenka Hernychova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Membrane Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Kathryn L. Ball
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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22
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Yahi N, Di Scala C, Chahinian H, Fantini J. Innovative treatment targeting gangliosides aimed at blocking the formation of neurotoxic α-synuclein oligomers in Parkinson's disease. Glycoconj J 2021; 39:1-11. [PMID: 34328594 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder which exhibits many of the characteristics of a pandemic. Current therapeutic strategies are centered on the dopaminergic system, with limited efficacy, so that a treatment that has a direct impact on the underlying disease pathogenesis is urgently needed. Although α-synuclein is a privileged target for such therapies, this protein has been in the past wrongly considered as exclusively intracellular, so that the impact of paracrine neurotoxicity mechanisms in PD have been largely ignored. In this article we review the data showing that lipid rafts act as plasma membrane machineries for the formation of α-synuclein pore-like oligomers which trigger an increase of intracellular Ca2+. This Ca2+ influx is responsible for a self-sustained cascade of neurotoxic events, including mitochondrial oxidative stress, tau phosphorylation, Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, Lewy body formation, and extracellular release of α-synuclein in exosomes. The first step of this cascade is the binding of α-synuclein to lipid raft gangliosides, suggesting that PD should be considered as both a proteinopathy and a ganglioside membrane disorder lipidopathy. Accordingly, blocking α-synuclein-ganglioside interactions should annihilate the whole neurotoxic cascade and stop disease progression. A pipeline of anti-oligomer molecules is under development, among which an in-silico designed synthetic peptide AmyP53 which is the first drug targeting gangliosides and thus able to prevent the formation of α-synuclein oligomers and all downstream neurotoxicity. These new therapeutic avenues challenge the current symptomatic approaches by finally targeting the root cause of PD through a long-awaited paradigm shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouara Yahi
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015, Marseille, France
| | - Coralie Di Scala
- Neuroscience Center-HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henri Chahinian
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Fantini
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015, Marseille, France.
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23
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Oliveira LMA, Gasser T, Edwards R, Zweckstetter M, Melki R, Stefanis L, Lashuel HA, Sulzer D, Vekrellis K, Halliday GM, Tomlinson JJ, Schlossmacher M, Jensen PH, Schulze-Hentrich J, Riess O, Hirst WD, El-Agnaf O, Mollenhauer B, Lansbury P, Outeiro TF. Alpha-synuclein research: defining strategic moves in the battle against Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2021; 7:65. [PMID: 34312398 PMCID: PMC8313662 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of the genetic era in Parkinson's disease (PD) research in 1997, α-synuclein was identified as an important player in a complex neurodegenerative disease that affects >10 million people worldwide. PD has been estimated to have an economic impact of $51.9 billion in the US alone. Since the initial association with PD, hundreds of researchers have contributed to elucidating the functions of α-synuclein in normal and pathological states, and these remain critical areas for continued research. With this position paper the authors strive to achieve two goals: first, to succinctly summarize the critical features that define α-synuclein's varied roles, as they are known today; and second, to identify the most pressing knowledge gaps and delineate a multipronged strategy for future research with the goal of enabling therapies to stop or slow disease progression in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M A Oliveira
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Edwards
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Markus Zweckstetter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Hilal A Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kostas Vekrellis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julianna J Tomlinson
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Schlossmacher
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Poul Henning Jensen
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine & DANDRITE, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julia Schulze-Hentrich
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Warren D Hirst
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Omar El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Tiago F Outeiro
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
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24
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Natesh SR, Hummels AR, Sachleben JR, Sosnick TR, Freed KF, Douglas JF, Meredith SC, Haddadian EJ. Molecular dynamics study of water channels in natural and synthetic amyloid-β fibrils. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:235102. [PMID: 34241272 PMCID: PMC8214467 DOI: 10.1063/5.0049250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared all-atom explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations of three types of Aβ(1-40) fibrils: brain-seeded fibrils (2M4J, with a threefold axial symmetry) and the other two, all-synthetic fibril polymorphs (2LMN and 2LMP, made under different fibrillization conditions). Fibril models were constructed using either a finite or an infinite number of layers made using periodic images. These studies yielded four conclusions. First, finite fibrils tend to unravel in a manner reminiscent of fibril dissolution, while infinite fibrils were more stable during simulations. Second, salt bridges in these fibrils remained stable in those fibrils that contained them initially, and those without salt bridges did not develop them over the time course of the simulations. Third, all fibrils tended to develop a "stagger" or register shift of β-strands along the fibril axis. Fourth and most importantly, the brain-seeded, 2M4J, infinite fibrils allowed bidirectional transport of water in and out of the central longitudinal core of the fibril by rapidly developing gaps at the fibril vertices. 2LMP fibrils also showed this behavior, although to a lesser extent. The diffusion of water molecules in the fibril core region involved two dynamical states: a localized state and directed diffusion in the presence of obstacles. These observations provided support for the hypothesis that Aβ fibrils could act as nanotubes. At least some Aβ oligomers resembled fibrils structurally in having parallel, in-register β-sheets and a sheet-turn-sheet motif. Thus, our findings could have implications for Aβ cytotoxicity, which may occur through the ability of oligomers to form abnormal water and ion channels in cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Natesh
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A. R. Hummels
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J. R. Sachleben
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - T. R. Sosnick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K. F. Freed
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J. F. Douglas
- Material Measurement Laboratory, Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - S. C. Meredith
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - E. J. Haddadian
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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25
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The differential solvent exposure of N-terminal residues provides "fingerprints" of alpha-synuclein fibrillar polymorphs. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100737. [PMID: 33933456 PMCID: PMC8163981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of intracellular deposits containing the protein alpha-synuclein (aSYN) within patients’ brains. It has been shown that aSYN can form structurally distinct fibrillar assemblies, also termed polymorphs. We previously showed that distinct aSYN polymorphs assembled in vitro, named fibrils, ribbons, and fibrils 91, differentially bind to and seed the aggregation of endogenous aSYN in neuronal cells, which suggests that distinct synucleinopathies may arise from aSYN polymorphs. In order to better understand the differential interactions of aSYN polymorphs with their partner proteins, we mapped aSYN polymorphs surfaces. We used limited proteolysis, hydrogen–deuterium exchange, and differential antibody accessibility to identify amino acids on their surfaces. We showed that the aSYN C-terminal region spanning residues 94 to 140 exhibited similarly high solvent accessibility in these three polymorphs. However, the N-terminal amino acid residues 1 to 38 of fibrils were exposed to the solvent, while only residues 1 to 18 within fibrils 91 were exposed, and no N-terminal residues within ribbons were solvent-exposed. It is likely that these differences in surface accessibility contribute to the differential binding of distinct aSYN polymorphs to partner proteins. We thus posit that the polypeptides exposed on the surface of distinct aSYN fibrillar polymorphs are comparable to fingerprints. Our findings have diagnostic and therapeutic potential, particularly in the prion-like propagation of fibrillar aSYN, as they can facilitate the design of ligands that specifically bind and distinguish between fibrillar polymorphs.
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26
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Bella ED, Bersano E, Antonini G, Borghero G, Capasso M, Caponnetto C, Chiò A, Corbo M, Filosto M, Giannini F, Spataro R, Lunetta C, Mandrioli J, Messina S, Monsurrò MR, Mora G, Riva N, Rizzi R, Siciliano G, Silani V, Simone I, Sorarù G, Tugnoli V, Verriello L, Volanti P, Furlan R, Nolan JM, Abgueguen E, Tramacere I, Lauria G. The unfolded protein response in amyotrophic later sclerosis: results of a phase 2 trial. Brain 2021; 144:2635-2647. [PMID: 33905493 PMCID: PMC8557337 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through an altered regulation of proteostasis. Robust preclinical findings demonstrated that guanabenz selectively inhibits ER stress-induced eIF2α-phosphatase allowing misfolded protein clearance, reduces neuronal death and prolongs survival in in vitro and in vivo models. Its efficacy and safety in ALS patients are unknown. To address these issues, we conducted a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial, with futility design. ALS patients with onset of symptoms within the previous 18 months were randomly assigned to receive in a 1:1:1:1 ratio guanabenz 64 mg, 32 mg, 16 mg or placebo daily for 6 months as add-on therapy to riluzole. The purpose of the placebo group blinding was safety but not efficacy. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients progressing to higher stages of disease in 6 months as measured by the ALS Milano-Torino staging compared to a historical cohort of 200 ALS patients. The secondary outcomes were the rate of decline in ALSFRS-R total score, slow vital capacity change, time to death, tracheotomy or permanent ventilation and serum light neurofilament level at 6 months. The primary analysis of efficacy was performed by intention-to-treat. Guanabenz 64 mg and 32 mg arms, both alone and combined, reached the primary hypothesis of non-futility with proportions of patients who progressed to higher stage of disease at 6 months significantly lower than that expected under the hypothesis of non-futility and significantly lower difference in the median rate of change of the ALSFRS-R total score. This effect was driven by patients with bulbar onset, none of whom (0/18) progressed to a higher stage of disease at 6 months compared with those in guanabenz 16 mg (4/8; 50%), historical cohort alone (21/49; 43%; p = 0.001) or plus placebo (25/60; 42%; p = 0.001). The proportion of patients who experienced at least one adverse event was higher in any guanabenz arm than in the placebo arm, with higher dosing arms having significantly higher proportion of drug-related side effects and the 64 mg arm significantly higher drop-out rate. The number of serious adverse events did not significantly differ between guanabenz arms and placebo. Our findings indicate that a larger trial with a molecule targeting the UPR pathway without the alpha-2 adrenergic related side-effect profile of guanabenz is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Dalla Bella
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Bersano
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Antonini
- NESMOS Department, Neuromuscolar Disease Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital and University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Centre "Rita Levi Montalcini", Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitaton, Casa Cura Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia and NeMO-Brescia Clinical Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Giannini
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Sonia Messina
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and University of Messina, AOU Policlinico "G. Martino", Messina, Italy.,NEuroMuscular Omnicentre of Messina, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Nilo Riva
- Department of Neurology IRCCS "San Raffaele" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Romana Rizzi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuro-Motor Diseases, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurology Unit, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology-Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Centre and Centre for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Simone
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Tugnoli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Division of Neurology, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Verriello
- Neurology Unit, S. Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Volanti
- Intensive Neurorehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Mistretta, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - John M Nolan
- Drew University, Caspersen School of Graduate Studies, Madison, NJ, USA
| | | | - Irene Tramacere
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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27
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Gonzalez-Garcia M, Fusco G, De Simone A. Membrane Interactions and Toxicity by Misfolded Protein Oligomers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642623. [PMID: 33791300 PMCID: PMC8006268 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The conversion of otherwise soluble proteins into insoluble amyloid aggregates is associated with a range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as non-neuropathic conditions such as type II diabetes and systemic amyloidoses. It is increasingly evident that the most pernicious species among those forming during protein aggregation are small prefibrillar oligomers. In this review, we describe the recent progress in the characterization of the cellular and molecular interactions by toxic misfolded protein oligomers. A fundamental interaction by these aggregates involves biological membranes, resulting in two major model mechanisms at the onset of the cellular toxicity. These include the membrane disruption model, resulting in calcium imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular reactive oxygen species, and the direct interaction with membrane proteins, leading to the alteration of their native function. A key challenge remains in the characterization of transient interactions involving heterogeneous protein aggregates. Solving this task is crucial in the quest of identifying suitable therapeutic approaches to suppress the cellular toxicity in protein misfolding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gonzalez-Garcia
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, United Kingdom
| | - Giuliana Fusco
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Misfolding Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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28
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Caruana M, Camilleri A, Farrugia MY, Ghio S, Jakubíčková M, Cauchi RJ, Vassallo N. Extract from the Marine Seaweed Padina pavonica Protects Mitochondrial Biomembranes from Damage by Amyloidogenic Peptides. Molecules 2021; 26:1444. [PMID: 33799979 PMCID: PMC7962105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of compounds which protect the double-membrane of mitochondrial organelles from disruption by toxic confomers of amyloid proteins may offer a therapeutic strategy to combat human neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we exploited an extract from the marine brown seaweed Padina pavonica (PPE) as a vital source of natural bioactive compounds to protect mitochondrial membranes against insult by oligomeric aggregates of the amyloidogenic proteins amyloid-β (Aβ), α-synuclein (α-syn) and tau, which are currently considered to be major targets for drug discovery in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). We show that PPE manifested a significant inhibitory effect against swelling of isolated mitochondria exposed to the amyloid oligomers, and attenuated the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. Using cardiolipin-enriched synthetic lipid membranes, we also show that dye leakage from fluorophore-loaded vesicles and formation of channel-like pores in planar bilayer membranes are largely prevented by incubating the oligomeric aggregates with PPE. Lastly, we demonstrate that PPE curtails the ability of Aβ42 and α-syn monomers to self-assemble into larger β-aggregate structures, as well as potently disrupts their respective amyloid fibrils. In conclusion, the mito-protective and anti-aggregator biological activities of Padina pavonica extract may be of therapeutic value in neurodegenerative proteinopathies, such as AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caruana
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
| | - Angelique Camilleri
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
| | - Maria Ylenia Farrugia
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
| | - Stephanie Ghio
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
| | - Michaela Jakubíčková
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ruben J. Cauchi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
| | - Neville Vassallo
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta; (M.C.); (A.C.); (M.Y.F.); (S.G.); (M.J.); (R.J.C.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, 2023 Msida, Malta
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29
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Plasma membrane integrity in health and disease: significance and therapeutic potential. Cell Discov 2021; 7:4. [PMID: 33462191 PMCID: PMC7813858 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-00233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of plasma membrane integrity is essential for normal cell viability and function. Thus, robust membrane repair mechanisms have evolved to counteract the eminent threat of a torn plasma membrane. Different repair mechanisms and the bio-physical parameters required for efficient repair are now emerging from different research groups. However, less is known about when these mechanisms come into play. This review focuses on the existence of membrane disruptions and repair mechanisms in both physiological and pathological conditions, and across multiple cell types, albeit to different degrees. Fundamentally, irrespective of the source of membrane disruption, aberrant calcium influx is the common stimulus that activates the membrane repair response. Inadequate repair responses can tip the balance between physiology and pathology, highlighting the significance of plasma membrane integrity. For example, an over-activated repair response can promote cancer invasion, while the inability to efficiently repair membrane can drive neurodegeneration and muscular dystrophies. The interdisciplinary view explored here emphasises the widespread potential of targeting plasma membrane repair mechanisms for therapeutic purposes.
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30
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Veys L, Van Houcke J, Aerts J, Van Pottelberge S, Mahieu M, Coens A, Melki R, Moechars D, De Muynck L, De Groef L. Absence of Uptake and Prion-Like Spreading of Alpha-Synuclein and Tau After Intravitreal Injection of Preformed Fibrils. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:614587. [PMID: 33519421 PMCID: PMC7843377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.614587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although very different in etiology and symptoms, numerous neurodegenerative diseases can be classified as proteinopathies. More so, evidence indicates that the key misfolded proteins at the basis of different neuropathies might share common mechanisms of propagation. As such, the prion-like spreading of protein aggregates through the neural network is subject of intensive research focus and requires adequate models. Here, we made use of the well-defined architecture and large accessibility of the visual system, of which the retinotopic connections represent a simple route of anterograde signaling and an elegant model to investigate transsynaptic, prion-like spreading. In two independent studies, uptake and seeding of alpha-synuclein and tau were examined after intravitreal injection of preformed fibrils. However, extracellular matrix components in the vitreous space and at the vitreoretinal surface appeared to act as a barrier for the entry of both fibrils into the retina. These results show that further experimental refinement is needed to fully realize the potential of the visual system as a model for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms of anterograde, transsynaptic spreading of prion-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Veys
- Laboratory Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessie Van Houcke
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Aerts
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sophie Van Pottelberge
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Michel Mahieu
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Audrey Coens
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA-CNRS, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute François Jacob, MIRCen, CEA-CNRS, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Dieder Moechars
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Louis De Muynck
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- Laboratory Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Dash R, Ali MC, Jahan I, Munni YA, Mitra S, Hannan MA, Timalsina B, Oktaviani DF, Choi HJ, Moon IS. Emerging potential of cannabidiol in reversing proteinopathies. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101209. [PMID: 33181336 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant accumulation of disease-specific protein aggregates accompanying cognitive decline is a pathological hallmark of age-associated neurological disorders, also termed as proteinopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. Along with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, disruption in protein homeostasis (proteostasis), a network that constitutes protein surveillance system, plays a pivotal role in the pathobiology of these dementia disorders. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa, is known for its pleiotropic neuropharmacological effects on the central nervous system, including the ability to abate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and protein misfolding. Over the past years, compelling evidence has documented disease-modifying role of CBD in various preclinical and clinical models of neurological disorders, suggesting the potential therapeutic implications of CBD in these disorders. Because of its putative role in the proteostasis network in particular, CBD could be a potent modulator for reversing not only age-associated neurodegeneration but also other protein misfolding disorders. However, the current understanding is insufficient to underpin this proposition. In this review, we discuss the potentiality of CBD as a pharmacological modulator of the proteostasis network, highlighting its neuroprotective and aggregates clearing roles in the neurodegenerative disorders. We anticipate that the current effort will advance our knowledge on the implication of CBD in proteostasis network, opening up a new therapeutic window for aging proteinopathies.
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32
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González-Sanmiguel J, Schuh CMAP, Muñoz-Montesino C, Contreras-Kallens P, Aguayo LG, Aguayo S. Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Cells 2020; 9:E2476. [PMID: 33203002 PMCID: PMC7697492 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are brain conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. These diseases are associated with the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ), alpha synuclein (α-Syn) and prion protein (PrP) depositions in the brain, respectively, which lead to synaptic disconnection and subsequent progressive neuronal death. Although considerable progress has been made in elucidating the pathogenesis of these diseases, the specific mechanisms of their origins remain largely unknown. A body of research suggests a potential association between host microbiota, neuroinflammation and dementia, either directly due to bacterial brain invasion because of barrier leakage and production of toxins and inflammation, or indirectly by modulating the immune response. In the present review, we focus on the emerging topics of neuroinflammation and the association between components of the human microbiota and the deposition of Aβ, α-Syn and PrP in the brain. Special focus is given to gut and oral bacteria and biofilms and to the potential mechanisms associating microbiome dysbiosis and toxin production with neurodegeneration. The roles of neuroinflammation, protein misfolding and cellular mediators in membrane damage and increased permeability are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina M. A. P. Schuh
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile; (C.M.A.P.S.); (P.C.-K.)
| | - Carola Muñoz-Montesino
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (J.G.-S.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Pamina Contreras-Kallens
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile; (C.M.A.P.S.); (P.C.-K.)
| | - Luis G. Aguayo
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (J.G.-S.); (C.M.-M.)
- Program on Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Sebastian Aguayo
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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33
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Farrugia MY, Caruana M, Ghio S, Camilleri A, Farrugia C, Cauchi RJ, Cappelli S, Chiti F, Vassallo N. Toxic oligomers of the amyloidogenic HypF-N protein form pores in mitochondrial membranes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17733. [PMID: 33082392 PMCID: PMC7575562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74841-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the amyloidogenic N-terminal domain of the E. coli HypF protein (HypF-N) have contributed significantly to a detailed understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases characterised by the formation of misfolded oligomers, by proteins such as amyloid-β, α-synuclein and tau. Given that both cell membranes and mitochondria are increasingly recognised as key targets of oligomer toxicity, we investigated the damaging effects of aggregates of HypF-N on mitochondrial membranes. Essentially, we found that HypF-N oligomers characterised by high surface hydrophobicity (type A) were able to trigger a robust permeabilisation of mito-mimetic liposomes possessing cardiolipin-rich membranes and dysfunction of isolated mitochondria, as demonstrated by a combination of mitochondrial shrinking, lowering of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release. Furthermore, using single-channel electrophysiology recordings we obtained evidence that the type A aggregates induced currents reflecting formation of ion-conducting pores in mito-mimetic planar phospholipid bilayers, with multi-level conductances ranging in the hundreds of pS at negative membrane voltages. Conversely, HypF-N oligomers with low surface hydrophobicity (type B) could not permeabilise or porate mitochondrial membranes. These results suggest an inherent toxicity of membrane-active aggregates of amyloid-forming proteins to mitochondria, and that targeting of oligomer-mitochondrial membrane interactions might therefore afford protection against such damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ylenia Farrugia
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Mario Caruana
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Stephanie Ghio
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Angelique Camilleri
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | | | - Ruben J Cauchi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Sara Cappelli
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Neville Vassallo
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
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Parra-Damas A, Saura CA. Tissue Clearing and Expansion Methods for Imaging Brain Pathology in Neurodegeneration: From Circuits to Synapses and Beyond. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:914. [PMID: 33122983 PMCID: PMC7571329 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the structural alterations occurring during diseases of the nervous system requires imaging heterogeneous cell populations at the circuit, cellular and subcellular levels. Recent advancements in brain tissue clearing and expansion methods allow unprecedented detailed imaging of the nervous system through its entire scale, from circuits to synapses, including neurovascular and brain lymphatics elements. Here, we review the state-of-the-art of brain tissue clearing and expansion methods, mentioning their main advantages and limitations, and suggest their parallel implementation for circuits-to-synapses brain imaging using conventional (diffraction-limited) light microscopy -such as confocal, two-photon and light-sheet microscopy- to interrogate the cellular and molecular basis of neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss recent studies in which clearing and expansion methods have been successfully applied to study neuropathological processes in mouse models and postmortem human brain tissue. Volumetric imaging of cleared intact mouse brains and large human brain samples has allowed unbiased assessment of neuropathological hallmarks. In contrast, nanoscale imaging of expanded cells and brain tissue has been used to study the effect of protein aggregates on specific subcellular structures. Therefore, these approaches can be readily applied to study a wide range of brain processes and pathological mechanisms with cellular and subcellular resolution in a time- and cost-efficient manner. We consider that a broader implementation of these technologies is necessary to reveal the full landscape of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo Parra-Damas
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos A Saura
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Catania M, Di Fede G. One or more β-amyloid(s)? New insights into the prion-like nature of Alzheimer's disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 175:213-237. [PMID: 32958234 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of proteins play a central role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's and Lewy Body diseases, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and prion diseases. Increasing evidence supports the view that Aβ and tau, which are the two main molecular players in AD, share with the prion protein several "prion-like" features that can be relevant for disease pathogenesis. These features essentially include structural/conformational/biochemical variations, resistance to degradation by endogenous proteases, seeding ability, attitude to form neurotoxic assemblies, spreading and propagation of toxic aggregates, transmissibility of tau- and Aβ-related pathology to animal models. Following this view, part of the recent scientific literature has generated a new reading frame for AD pathophysiology, based on the application of the prion paradigm to the amyloid cascade hypothesis in an attempt to definitely explain the key events causing the disease and inducing its occurrence under different clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Catania
- Neurology 5 / Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology 5 / Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
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36
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Polypeptides derived from α-Synuclein binding partners to prevent α-Synuclein fibrils interaction with and take-up by cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237328. [PMID: 32790707 PMCID: PMC7425896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) fibrils spread from one neuronal cell to another. This prion-like phenomenon is believed to contribute to the progression of the pathology in Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies. The binding of αSyn fibrils originating from affected cells to the plasma membrane of naïve cells is key in their prion-like propagation propensity. To interfere with this process, we designed polypeptides derived from proteins we previously showed to interact with αSyn fibrils, namely the molecular chaperone Hsc70 and the sodium/potassium pump NaK-ATPase and assessed their capacity to bind αSyn fibrils and/or interfere with their take-up by cells of neuronal origin. We demonstrate here that polypeptides that coat αSyn fibrils surfaces in such a way that they are changed affect αSyn fibrils binding to the plasma membrane components and/or their take-up by cells. Altogether our observations suggest that the rationale design of αSyn fibrils polypeptide binders that interfere with their propagation between neuronal cells holds therapeutic potential.
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37
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Fantini J, Chahinian H, Yahi N. Progress toward Alzheimer's disease treatment: Leveraging the Achilles' heel of Aβ oligomers? Protein Sci 2020; 29:1748-1759. [PMID: 32567070 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
After three decades of false hopes and failures, a pipeline of therapeutic drugs that target the actual root cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is now available. Challenging the old paradigm that focused on β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) aggregation in amyloid plaques, these compounds are designed to prevent the neurotoxicity of Aβ oligomers that form Ca2+ permeable pores in the membranes of brain cells. By triggering an intracellular Ca2+ overdose, Aβ oligomers induce a cascade of neurotoxic events including oxidative stress, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuronal loss. Targeting any post-Ca2+ entry steps (e.g., tau) will not address the root cause of the disease. Thus, preventing Aβ oligomers formation and/or blocking their toxicity is by essence the best approach to stop any progression of AD. Three categories of anti-oligomer compounds are already available: antibodies, synthetic peptides, and small drugs. Independent in silico-based designs of a peptide (AmyP53) and a monoclonal antibody (PMN310) converged to identify a histidine motif (H13/H14) that is critical for oligomer neutralization. This "histidine trick" can be viewed as the Achilles' heel of Aβ in the fight against AD. Moreover, lipid rafts and especially gangliosides play a critical role in the formation and toxicity of Aβ oligomers. Recognizing AD as a membrane disorder and gangliosides as the key anti-oligomer targets will provide innovative opportunities to find an efficient cure. A "full efficient" solution would also need to be affordable to anyone, as the number of patients has been following an exponential increase, affecting every part of the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Fantini
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Henri Chahinian
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Nouara Yahi
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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38
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Genetic Variation in Complex Traits in Transgenic α-Synuclein Strains of Caenorhabditis elegans. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070778. [PMID: 32664512 PMCID: PMC7397059 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different genetic backgrounds can modify the effect of mutated genes. Human α-synuclein (SNCA) gene encodes α-synuclein, and its oligomeric complexes accumulate with age and mediate the disruption of cellular homeostasis, resulting in the neuronal death that is characteristic of Parkinson’s Disease. Polymorphic variants modulate this complex pathologic mechanism. Previously, we constructed five transgenic introgression lines of a Caenorhabditis elegans model of α-synuclein using genetic backgrounds that are genetically diverse from the canonical wild-type Bristol N2. A gene expression analysis revealed that the α-synuclein transgene differentially affects genome-wide transcription due to background modifiers. To further investigate how complex traits are affected in these transgenic lines, we measured the α-synuclein transgene expression, the overall accumulation of the fusion protein of α-synuclein and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), the lysosome-related organelles, and the body size. By using quantitative PCR (qPCR), we demonstrated stable and similar expression levels of the α-synuclein transgene in different genetic backgrounds. Strikingly, we observed that the levels of the a-synuclein:YFP fusion protein vary in different genetic backgrounds by using the COPAS™ biosorter. The quantification of the Nile Red staining assay demonstrates that α-synuclein also affects lysosome-related organelles and body size. Our results show that the same α-synuclein introgression in different C. elegans backgrounds can produces differing effects on complex traits due to background modifiers.
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Bucciantini M, Leri M, Stefani M, Melki R, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Nosi D. The Amphipathic GM1 Molecule Stabilizes Amyloid Aggregates, Preventing their Cytotoxicity. Biophys J 2020; 119:326-336. [PMID: 32579964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid aggregates have been demonstrated to exert cytotoxic effects in several diseases. It is widely accepted that the complex and fascinating aggregation pathway involves a series of steps during which many heterogeneous intermediates are generated. This process may be greatly potentiated by the presence of amphipathic components of plasma membrane because they may serve as interaction, condensation, and nucleation points. However, there are few data regarding structural alterations induced by the binding between the amyloid fibrils and membrane components and its direct effects on cell integrity. In this study, we found, by 1-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonic acid and transmission electron microscopy/fast Fourier transform, that yeast prion Sup35 oligomers showed higher structural uniformity and altered surface properties when grown in the presence of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside, a component of the cell membrane. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and confocal/sensitized Förster resonance energy transfer analyses revealed that these fibrils showed low cytotoxicity and affinity to plasma membrane. Moreover, time-lapse analysis of Sup35 oligomer fibrillation on cells suggested that the amyloid aggregation process per se exerts cytotoxic effects through the interaction of amyloid intermediates with plasma membrane components. These data provide, to our knowledge, new insights to understand the mechanism of amyloid growth and cytotoxicity in the pathogenesis of amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Area of Medicine and Health of the Child of the University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob, CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Daniele Nosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Abstract
Regulation of neurotransmitter receptor content at synapses is achieved through a dynamic equilibrium between biogenesis and degradation pathways, receptor stabilization at synaptic sites, and receptor trafficking in and out synapses. In the past 20 years, the movements of receptors to and from synapses have emerged as a series of highly regulated processes that mediate postsynaptic plasticity. Our understanding of the properties and roles of receptor movements has benefited from technological advances in receptor labeling and tracking capacities, as well as from new methods to interfere with their movements. Focusing on two key glutamatergic receptors, we review here our latest understanding of the characteristics of receptor movements and their role in tuning the efficacy of synaptic transmission in health and brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Groc
- Interdisciplinary Institute for NeuroScience, CNRS, UMR 5297, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, 146, rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- IINS, University of Bordeaux, UMR5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel Choquet
- Interdisciplinary Institute for NeuroScience, CNRS, UMR 5297, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, 146, rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- IINS, University of Bordeaux, UMR5297, Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Bannai H, Niwa F, Sakuragi S, Mikoshiba K. Inhibitory synaptic transmission tuned by Ca 2+ and glutamate through the control of GABA A R lateral diffusion dynamics. Dev Growth Differ 2020; 62:398-406. [PMID: 32329058 PMCID: PMC7496684 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The GABAergic synapses, a primary inhibitory synapse in the mammalian brain, is important for the normal development of brain circuits, and for the regulation of the excitation‐inhibition balance critical for brain function from the developmental stage throughout life. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation, maintenance, and modulation of GABAergic synapses is less understood compared to that of excitatory synapses. Quantum dot‐single particle tracking (QD‐SPT), a super‐resolution imaging technique that enables the analysis of membrane molecule dynamics at single‐molecule resolution, is a powerful tool to analyze the behavior of proteins and lipids on the plasma membrane. In this review, we summarize the recent application of QD‐SPT in understanding of GABAergic synaptic transmission. Here we introduce QD‐SPT experiments that provide further insights into the molecular mechanism supporting GABAergic synapses. QD‐SPT studies revealed that glutamate and Ca2+ signaling is involved in (a) the maintenance of GABAergic synapses, (b) GABAergic long‐term depression, and GABAergic long‐term potentiation, by specifically activating signaling pathways unique to each phenomenon. We also introduce a novel Ca2+ imaging technique to describe the diversity of Ca2+ signals that may activate the downstream signaling pathways that induce specific biological output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Bannai
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Biosciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Niwa
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan.,Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Shigeo Sakuragi
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Biosciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan.,Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
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42
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Liebau J, Tersa M, Trastoy B, Patrick J, Rodrigo-Unzueta A, Corzana F, Sparrman T, Guerin ME, Mäler L. Unveiling the activation dynamics of a fold-switch bacterial glycosyltransferase by 19F NMR. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9868-9878. [PMID: 32434931 PMCID: PMC7380196 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fold-switch pathways remodel the secondary structure topology of proteins in response to the cellular environment. It is a major challenge to understand the dynamics of these folding processes. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the α-helix–to–β-strand and β-strand–to–α-helix transitions and domain motions displayed by the essential mannosyltransferase PimA from mycobacteria. Using 19F NMR, we identified four functionally relevant states of PimA that coexist in dynamic equilibria on millisecond-to-second timescales in solution. We discovered that fold-switching is a slow process, on the order of seconds, whereas domain motions occur simultaneously but are substantially faster, on the order of milliseconds. Strikingly, the addition of substrate accelerated the fold-switching dynamics of PimA. We propose a model in which the fold-switching dynamics constitute a mechanism for PimA activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobst Liebau
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Montse Tersa
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Beatriz Trastoy
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Joan Patrick
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ane Rodrigo-Unzueta
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Instituto Biofisika, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Marcelo E Guerin
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain .,Departamento de Bioquímica and Instituto Biofisika, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lena Mäler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden .,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Bendifallah M, Redeker V, Monsellier E, Bousset L, Bellande T, Melki R. Interaction of the chaperones alpha B-crystallin and CHIP with fibrillar alpha-synuclein: Effects on internalization by cells and identification of interacting interfaces. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:760-769. [PMID: 32430178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The spread of fibrillar alpha-synuclein from affected to naïve neuronal cells is thought to contribute to the progression of synucleinopathies. The binding of fibrillar alpha-synuclein to the plasma membrane is key in this process. We and others previously showed that coating fibrillar alpha-synuclein by the molecular chaperone Hsc70 affects fibrils properties. Here we assessed the effect of the two molecular chaperones alpha B-crystallin and CHIP on alpha-synuclein fibrils uptake by Neuro-2a cells. We demonstrate that both chaperones diminish fibrils take up by cells. We identify through a cross-linking and mass spectrometry strategy the interaction interfaces between alpha-synuclein fibrils and alpha B-crystallin or CHIP. Our results open the way for designing chaperone-derived polypeptide binders that interfere with the propagation of pathogenic alpha-synuclein assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Bendifallah
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Virginie Redeker
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Elodie Monsellier
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Tracy Bellande
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Annexin B12 Trimer Formation is Governed by a Network of Protein-Protein and Protein-Lipid Interactions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5301. [PMID: 32210350 PMCID: PMC7093510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane protein oligomerization mediates a wide range of biological events including signal transduction, viral infection and membrane curvature induction. However, the relative contributions of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions to protein oligomerization remain poorly understood. Here, we used the Ca2+-dependent membrane-binding protein ANXB12 as a model system to determine the relative contributions of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions toward trimer formation. Using an EPR-based detection method, we find that some protein-protein interactions are essential for trimer formation. Surprisingly, these interactions are largely hydrophobic, and they do not include the previously identified salt bridges, which are less important. Interfering with membrane interaction by mutating selected Ca2+-ligands or by introducing Lys residues in the membrane-binding loops had variable, strongly position-dependent effects on trimer formation. The strongest effect was observed for the E226Q/E105Q mutant, which almost fully abolished trimer formation without preventing membrane interaction. These results indicate that lipids engage in specific, trimer-stabilizing interactions that go beyond simply providing a concentration-enhancing surface. The finding that protein-membrane interactions are just as important as protein-protein interactions in ANXB12 trimer formation raises the possibility that the formation of specific lipid contacts could be a more widely used driving force for membrane-mediated oligomerization of proteins in general.
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45
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Shrivastava AN, Bousset L, Renner M, Redeker V, Savistchenko J, Triller A, Melki R. Differential Membrane Binding and Seeding of Distinct α-Synuclein Fibrillar Polymorphs. Biophys J 2020; 118:1301-1320. [PMID: 32059758 PMCID: PMC7091477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of the protein α-synuclein (α-Syn) leads to different synucleinopathies. We recently showed that structurally distinct fibrillar α-Syn polymorphs trigger either Parkinson’s disease or multiple system atrophy hallmarks in vivo. Here, we establish a structural-molecular basis for these observations. We show that distinct fibrillar α-Syn polymorphs bind to and cluster differentially at the plasma membrane in both primary neuronal cultures and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures from wild-type mice. We demonstrate a polymorph-dependent and concentration-dependent seeding. We show a polymorph-dependent differential synaptic redistribution of α3-Na+/K+-ATPase, GluA2 subunit containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors, and GluN2B-subunit containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, but not GluA1 subunit containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 receptors. We also demonstrate polymorph-dependent alteration in neuronal network activity upon seeded aggregation of α-Syn. Our findings bring new, to our knowledge, insight into how distinct α-Syn polymorphs differentially bind to and seed monomeric α-Syn aggregation within neurons, thus affecting neuronal homeostasis through the redistribution of synaptic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Nidhi Shrivastava
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Luc Bousset
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marianne Renner
- INSERM, UMR- S 839 Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Redeker
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jimmy Savistchenko
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Antoine Triller
- École Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, INSERM, CNRS, PSL, Research University, Paris, France.
| | - Ronald Melki
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Killinger BA, Melki R, Brundin P, Kordower JH. Endogenous alpha-synuclein monomers, oligomers and resulting pathology: let's talk about the lipids in the room. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2019; 5:23. [PMID: 31728405 PMCID: PMC6851126 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein is an intrinsically disordered, highly dynamic protein that pathogenically aggregates into inclusion structures called Lewy bodies, in several neurogenerative diseases termed synucleinopathies. Despite its importance for understanding disease, the oligomerization status of alpha-synuclein in healthy cells remains unclear. Alpha-synuclein may exist predominantly as either a monomer or a variety of oligomers of different molecular weights. There is solid evidence to support both theories. Detection of apparent endogenous oligomers are intimately dependent on vesicle and lipid interactions. Here we consider the possibility that apparent endogenous alpha-synuclein oligomers are in fact conformations of membrane-bound alpha-synuclein and not a bona fide stable soluble species. This perspective posits that the formation of any alpha-synuclein oligomers within the cell is likely toxic and interconversion between monomer and oligomer is tightly controlled. This differs from the hypothesis that there is a continuum of endogenous non-toxic oligomers and they convert, through unclear mechanisms, to toxic oligomers. The distinction is important, because it clarifies the biological origin of synucleinopathy. We suggest that a monomer-only, lipid-centric view of endogenous alpha-synuclein aggregation can explain how alpha-synuclein pathology is triggered, and that the interactions between alpha-synuclein and lipids can represent a target for therapeutic intervention. This discussion is well-timed due to recent studies that show lipids are a significant component of Lewy pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Killinger
- 1Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Ronald Melki
- 2CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CNRS, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses cedex, France
| | - Patrik Brundin
- 3Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 USA
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- 1Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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Colon-Perez LM, Ibanez KR, Suarez M, Torroella K, Acuna K, Ofori E, Levites Y, Vaillancourt DE, Golde TE, Chakrabarty P, Febo M. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging reveals white matter and hippocampal microstructure changes produced by Interleukin-6 in the TgCRND8 mouse model of amyloidosis. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116138. [PMID: 31472250 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposits and inflammatory immune activation are thought to alter various aspects of tissue microstructure, such as extracellular free water, fractional anisotropy and diffusivity, as well as the density and geometric arrangement of axonal processes. Quantifying these microstructural changes in Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative dementias could serve to monitor or predict disease course. In the present study we used high-field diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to investigate the effects of Aβ and inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL6), alone or in combination, on in vivo tissue microstructure in the TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer's-type Aβ deposition. TgCRND8 and non-transgenic (nTg) mice expressing brain-targeted IL6 or enhanced glial fibrillary protein (EGFP controls) were scanned at 8 months of age using a 2-shell, 54-gradient direction dMRI sequence at 11.1 T. Images were processed using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model or the neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) model. DTI and NODDI processing in TgCRND8 mice revealed a microstructure pattern in white matter (WM) and hippocampus consistent with radial and longitudinal diffusivity deficits along with an increase in density and geometric complexity of axonal and dendritic processes. This included reduced FA, mean, axial and radial diffusivity, and increased orientation dispersion (ODI) and intracellular volume fraction (ICVF) measured in WM and hippocampus. IL6 produced a 'protective-like' effect on WM FA in TgCRND8 mice, observed as an increased FA that counteracted a reduction in FA observed with endogenous Aβ production and accumulation. In addition, we found that ICVF and ODI had an inverse relationship with the functional connectome clustering coefficient. The relationship between NODDI and graph theory metrics suggests that currently unknown microstructure alterations in WM and hippocampus are associated with diminished functional network organization in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Colon-Perez
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Kristen R Ibanez
- Center for Translational Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Mallory Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Kristin Torroella
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Kelly Acuna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Edward Ofori
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Yona Levites
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Center for Translational Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - David E Vaillancourt
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Todd E Golde
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Center for Translational Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Center for Translational Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.
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Mandler M, Rockenstein E, Overk C, Mante M, Florio J, Adame A, Kim C, Santic R, Schneeberger A, Mattner F, Schmidhuber S, Galabova G, Spencer B, Masliah E, Rissman RA. Effects of single and combined immunotherapy approach targeting amyloid β protein and α-synuclein in a dementia with Lewy bodies-like model. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:1133-1148. [PMID: 31378574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapeutic approaches targeting amyloid β (Aβ) protein and tau in Alzheimer's disease and α-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson's disease are being developed for treating dementia with Lewy bodies. However, it is unknown if single or combined immunotherapies targeting Aβ and/or α-syn may be effective. METHODS Amyloid precursor protein/α-syn tg mice were immunized with AFFITOPEs® (AFF) peptides specific to Aβ (AD02) or α-syn (PD-AFF1) and the combination. RESULTS AD02 more effectively reduced Aβ and pTau burden; however, the combination exhibited some additive effects. Both AD02 and PD-AFF1 effectively reduced α-syn, ameliorated degeneration of pyramidal neurons, and reduced neuroinflammation. PD-AFF1 more effectively ameliorated cholinergic and dopaminergic fiber loss; the combined immunization displayed additive effects. AD02 more effectively improved buried pellet test behavior, whereas PD-AFF1 more effectively improved horizontal beam test; the combined immunization displayed additive effects. DISCUSSION Specific active immunotherapy targeting Aβ and/or α-syn may be of potential interest for the treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Rockenstein
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cassia Overk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Mante
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jazmin Florio
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Adame
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Division of Neuroscience and Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Neuroscience and Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Rifampicin and Its Derivative Rifampicin Quinone Reduce Microglial Inflammatory Responses and Neurodegeneration Induced In Vitro by α-Synuclein Fibrillary Aggregates. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080776. [PMID: 31349736 PMCID: PMC6721546 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
: Aggregated forms of the synaptic protein α-synuclein (αS) have been proposed to operate as a molecular trigger for microglial inflammatory processes and neurodegeneration in Parkinson´s disease. Here, we used brain microglial cell cultures activated by fibrillary forms of recombinant human αS to assess the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of the antibiotic rifampicin (Rif) and its autoxidation product rifampicin quinone (RifQ). Pretreatments with Rif and RifQ reduced the secretion of prototypical inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-6) and the burst of oxidative stress in microglial cells activated with αS fibrillary aggregates. Note, however, that RifQ was constantly more efficacious than its parent compound in reducing microglial activation. We also established that the suppressive effects of Rif and RifQ on cytokine release was probably due to inhibition of both PI3K- and non-PI3K-dependent signaling events. The control of oxidative stress appeared, however, essentially dependent on PI3K inhibition. Of interest, we also showed that RifQ was more efficient than Rif in protecting neuronal cells from toxic factors secreted by microglia activated by αS fibrils. Overall, data with RifQ are promising enough to justify further studies to confirm the potential of this compound as an anti-parkinsionian drug.
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Taoufik E, Kouroupi G, Zygogianni O, Matsas R. Synaptic dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases: an overview of induced pluripotent stem-cell-based disease models. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180138. [PMID: 30185603 PMCID: PMC6170506 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction in CNS disorders is the outcome of perturbations in physiological synapse structure and function, and can be either the cause or the consequence in specific pathologies. Accumulating data in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, point to a neurodevelopmental origin of these pathologies. Due to a relatively early onset of behavioural and cognitive symptoms, it is generally acknowledged that mental illness initiates at the synapse level. On the other hand, synaptic dysfunction has been considered as an endpoint incident in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's, mainly due to the considerably later onset of clinical symptoms and progressive appearance of cognitive deficits. This dichotomy has recently been challenged, particularly since the discovery of cell reprogramming technologies and the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from patient somatic cells. The creation of 'disease-in-a-dish' models for multiple CNS pathologies has revealed unexpected commonalities in the molecular and cellular mechanisms operating in both developmental and degenerative conditions, most of which meet at the synapse level. In this review we discuss synaptic dysfunction in prototype neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing overlapping features of synaptopathy that have been suggested by studies using induced pluripotent stem-cell-based systems. These valuable disease models have highlighted a potential neurodevelopmental component in classical neurodegenerative diseases that is worth pursuing and investigating further. Moving from demonstration of correlation to understanding mechanistic causality forms the basis for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Era Taoufik
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vassilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kouroupi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vassilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Zygogianni
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vassilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Rebecca Matsas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vassilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece
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