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Pellegrino G, Isabella SL, Ferrazzi G, Gschwandtner L, Tik M, Arcara G, Marinazzo D, Schuler AL. Reliable measurement of auditory-driven gamma synchrony with a single EEG electrode: A simultaneous EEG-MEG study. Neuroimage 2024; 300:120862. [PMID: 39305968 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Auditory-driven gamma synchrony (GS) is linked to the function of a specific cortical circuit based on a parvalbumin+ and pyramidal neuron loop. This circuit is impaired in neuropsychiatric conditions (i.e. schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, stroke etc.) and its relevance in clinical practice is increasingly being recognized. Auditory stimulation at a typical gamma frequency of 40 Hz can be applied as a 'stress test' of excitation/inhibition (E/I) of the entire cerebral cortex, to drive GS and record it with magnetoencephalography (MEG) or high-density electroencephalography (EEG). However, these two techniques are costly and not widely available. Therefore, we assessed whether a single EEG electrode is sufficient to provide an accurate estimate of the auditory-driven GS level of the entire cortical surface while expecting the highest correspondence in the auditory and somatosensory cortices. METHODS We measured simultaneous EEG-MEG in 29 healthy subjects, utilizing 3 EEG electrodes (C4, F4, O2) and a full MEG setup. Recordings were performed during binaural exposure to auditory gamma stimulation and during silence. We compared GS measurement of each of the three EEG electrodes separately against full MEG mapping. Time-resolved phase locking value (PLVt) was computed between EEG signals and cortex reconstructed MEG signals. RESULTS During auditory stimulation, but not at rest, EEG captures a significant amount of GS, especially from both auditory cortices and motor-premotor regions. This was especially true for frontal (C4) and central electrodes (F4). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS While hd-EEG and MEG are necessary for accurate spatial mapping of GS at rest and during auditory stimulation, a single EEG channel is sufficient to detect the global level of GS. These results have great translational potential for mapping GS in standard clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pellegrino
- Clinical Neurological Sciences Department, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvia L Isabella
- Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 80, 30126, Venice, Italy
| | | | - Laura Gschwandtner
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Tik
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 80, 30126, Venice, Italy; Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniele Marinazzo
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anna-Lisa Schuler
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Hughes H, Brady LJ, Schoonover KE. GABAergic dysfunction in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: implications for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1440834. [PMID: 39381500 PMCID: PMC11458443 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1440834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The microcircuitry within superficial layers of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), composed of excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, has been suggested as the neural substrate of working memory performance. In schizophrenia, working memory impairments are thought to result from alterations of microcircuitry within the DLPFC. GABAergic interneurons, in particular, are crucially involved in synchronizing neural activity at gamma frequency, the power of which increases with working memory load. Alterations of GABAergic interneurons, particularly parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) subtypes, are frequently observed in schizophrenia. Abnormalities of GABAergic neurotransmission, such as deficiencies in the 67 kDA isoform of GABA synthesis enzyme (GAD67), vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT), and GABA reuptake transporter 1 (GAT1) in presynaptic boutons, as well as postsynaptic alterations in GABA A receptor subunits further contribute to impaired inhibition. This review explores GABAergic abnormalities of the postmortem DLPFC in schizophrenia, with a focus on the roles of interneuron subtypes involved in cognition, and GABAergic neurotransmission within presynaptic boutons and postsynaptic alterations. Where available, comparisons between schizophrenia and affective disorders that share cognitive pathology such as bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder will be made. Challenges in directly measuring GABA levels are addressed, emphasizing the need for innovative techniques. Understanding GABAergic abnormalities and their implications for neural circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Hughes
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Lillian J. Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tuskegee, AL, United States
- Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Kirsten E. Schoonover
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tuskegee, AL, United States
- Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tuskegee, AL, United States
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, College of Arts and Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
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3
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Gergues MM, Lalani LK, Kheirbek MA. Identifying dysfunctional cell types and circuits in animal models for psychiatric disorders with calcium imaging. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01942-y. [PMID: 39122815 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
A central goal of neuroscience is to understand how the brain transforms external stimuli and internal bodily signals into patterns of activity that underlie cognition, emotional states, and behavior. Understanding how these patterns of activity may be disrupted in mental illness is crucial for developing novel therapeutics. It is well appreciated that psychiatric disorders are complex, circuit-based disorders that arise from dysfunctional activity patterns generated in discrete cell types and their connections. Recent advances in large-scale, cell-type specific calcium imaging approaches have shed new light on the cellular, circuit, and network-level dysfunction in animal models for psychiatric disorders. Here, we highlight a series of recent findings over the last ~10 years from in vivo calcium imaging studies that show how aberrant patterns of activity in discrete cell types and circuits may underlie behavioral deficits in animal models for several psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. These advances in calcium imaging in pre-clinical models demonstrate the power of cell-type-specific imaging tools in understanding the underlying dysfunction in cell types, activity patterns, and neural circuits that may contribute to disease and provide new blueprints for developing more targeted therapeutics and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Gergues
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lahin K Lalani
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mazen A Kheirbek
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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4
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Wu H, Qi J, Purwanto E, Zhu X, Yang P, Chen J. Multi-Scale Feature and Multi-Channel Selection toward Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis with EEG. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4634. [PMID: 39066031 PMCID: PMC11280892 DOI: 10.3390/s24144634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motivated by Health Care 4.0, this study aims to reducing the dimensionality of traditional EEG features based on manual extracted features, including statistical features in the time and frequency domains. METHODS A total of 22 multi-scale features were extracted from the UNM and Iowa datasets using a 4th order Butterworth filter and wavelet packet transform. Based on single-channel validation, 29 channels with the highest R2 scores were selected from a pool of 59 common channels. The proposed channel selection scheme was validated on the UNM dataset and tested on the Iowa dataset to compare its generalizability against models trained without channel selection. RESULTS The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves an optimal classification accuracy of 100%. Additionally, the generalization capability of the channel selection method is validated through out-of-sample testing based on the Iowa dataset Conclusions: Using single-channel validation, we proposed a channel selection scheme based on traditional statistical features, resulting in a selection of 29 channels. This scheme significantly reduced the dimensionality of EEG feature vectors related to Parkinson's disease by 50%. Remarkably, this approach demonstrated considerable classification performance on both the UNM and Iowa datasets. For the closed-eye state, the highest classification accuracy achieved was 100%, while for the open-eye state, the highest accuracy reached 93.75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wu
- Department of Computing, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univeristy, Suzhou 215000, China; (H.W.); (E.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Computing, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univeristy, Suzhou 215000, China; (H.W.); (E.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Erick Purwanto
- Department of Computing, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univeristy, Suzhou 215000, China; (H.W.); (E.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Department of Computing, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univeristy, Suzhou 215000, China; (H.W.); (E.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Po Yang
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Computing, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univeristy, Suzhou 215000, China; (H.W.); (E.P.); (X.Z.)
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5
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Ishibashi T, Nobukawa S, Tobe M, Kikuchi M, Takahashi T. Alterations in the hub structure of whole-brain functional networks in patients with drug-naïve schizophrenia: Insights from electroencephalography-based research. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e164. [PMID: 38868477 PMCID: PMC11114440 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to identify atypical hubs in the whole-brain networks of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and examine the effects of antipsychotic medications, using electroencephalography (EEG) data. Methods We estimated the functional connectivity across all electrodes by applying the phase lag index to the EEG signals of 21 drug-naïve patients with SZ and 31 age-matched healthy controls. Betweenness centrality (BC), a measure of hub status, was calculated for each electrode and frequency band. Data from 14 patients were re-evaluated after initiating treatment with antipsychotic medications. Results BC values decreased significantly at the Fz site in the beta band, decreased significantly at Pz in the gamma band, and increased significantly at O1 in the gamma band among patients with SZ. These changes persisted after antipsychotic treatment and were unrelated to clinical symptoms. Conclusion The abnormal hub topology we observed, especially in the high-frequency band, may reflect the pathophysiology of SZ, and this study highlights the utility of BC analysis of EEG data for detecting alterations in the whole-brain networks of patients with SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sou Nobukawa
- Department of Computer ScienceChiba Institute of TechnologyChibaJapan
- Graduate School of Information and Computer ScienceChiba Institute of TechnologyChibaJapan
- Research Center for Mathematical EngineeringChiba Institute of TechnologyChibaJapan
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Mayuna Tobe
- Graduate School of Information and Computer ScienceChiba Institute of TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral ScienceKanazawa UniversityIshikawaJapan
- Research Center for Child Mental DevelopmentKanazawa UniversityIshikawaJapan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of NeuropsychiatryUniversity of FukuiFukuiJapan
- Research Center for Child Mental DevelopmentKanazawa UniversityIshikawaJapan
- Uozu Shinkei SanatoriumUozuJapan
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Meiron O, Yaniv A, Rozenberg S, David J. Transcranial direct-current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex enhances working memory and suppresses pathological gamma power elevation in schizophrenia. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:217-226. [PMID: 38084398 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2294150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This investigation examines the clinical benefits of prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment of working memory (WM) dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 34 schizophrenia (SZ) patients were evaluated at baseline, and 29 patients were randomly assigned to either active tDCS intervention or sham tDCS intervention. tDCS intervention applied 10 consecutive sessions (20 minutes, 2 mA, two sessions a day) over 5 days. WM performance (N = 25), symptom severity (N = 29), and resting EEG (N = 17) were assessed from pre- to post-tDCS intervention. Additionally, symptom severity was noted over a 12-week follow-up period. RESULTS WM accuracy significantly improved in the active tDCS group while WM accuracy in the sham tDCS group was unchanged. Significant symptom-severity reduction was sustained for one week after active tDCS intervention. Sustained resting gamma stability (RGS) was noted from baseline to post tDCS in the active-treatment group versus a significant elevation in pathological gamma power in the sham-tDCS group. CONCLUSIONS Examining treatment effects on RGS in SZ could be critical in identifying effective novel treatment strategies that promote left-DLPFC excitability and enhance WM functioning. Further empirical support is warranted to support the clinical benefits over longer periods of time. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04637724. ETHICS APPROVAL REGISTRATION NO 337-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Meiron
- The Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Clinical Research Center for Brain Sciences, Herzog Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaf Yaniv
- The Clinical Research Center for Brain Sciences, Herzog Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sylvie Rozenberg
- Community Mental Health Center, Herzog Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan David
- The Clinical Research Center for Brain Sciences, Herzog Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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7
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Mahoney HL, Bloom CA, Justin HS, Capraro BM, Morris C, Gonzalez D, Sandefur E, Faulkner J, Reiss S, Valladares A, Ocampo A, Carter B, Lussier AL, Dinh LP, Weeber E, Gamsby J, Gulick D. DISC1 and reelin interact to alter cognition, inhibition, and neurogenesis in a novel mouse model of schizophrenia. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1321632. [PMID: 38283751 PMCID: PMC10813205 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1321632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) is multifactorial, and depending on a host of genetic and environmental factors. Two putative SCZ susceptibility genes, Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) and reelin (RELN), interact at a molecular level, suggesting that combined disruption of both may lead to an intensified SCZ phenotype. To examine this gene-gene interaction, we produced a double mutant mouse line. Mice with heterozygous RELN haploinsufficiency were crossed with mice expressing dominant-negative c-terminal truncated human DISC1 to produce offspring with both mutations (HRM/DISC1 mice). We used an array of behavioral tests to generate a behavioral phenotype for these mice, then examined the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus using western blotting and immunohistochemistry to probe for SCZ-relevant molecular and cellular alterations. Compared to wild-type controls, HRM/DISC1 mice demonstrated impaired pre-pulse inhibition, altered cognition, and decreased activity. Diazepam failed to rescue anxiety-like behaviors, paradoxically increasing activity in HRM/DISC1 mice. At a cellular level, we found increased α1-subunit containing GABA receptors in the prefrontal cortex, and a reduction in fast-spiking parvalbumin positive neurons. Maturation of adult-born neurons in the hippocampus was also altered in HRM/DISC1 mice. While there was no difference in the total number proliferating cells, more of these cells were in immature stages of development. Homozygous DISC1 mutation combined with RELN haploinsufficiency produces a complex phenotype with neuropsychiatric characteristics relevant to SCZ and related disorders, expanding our understanding of how multiple genetic susceptibility factors might interact to influence the variable presentation of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Danielle Gulick
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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8
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Li S, Hu R, Yan H, Chu L, Qiu Y, Gao Y, Li M, Li J. 40-Hz auditory steady-state response deficits are correlated with the severity of persistent auditory verbal hallucination in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 336:111748. [PMID: 37984158 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) has been observed in some psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the role of 40 Hz ASSR in persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (pAVHs) schizophrenia (SCZ) is still unknown. This study aims to investigate whether the 40 Hz ASSR impairment is related to pAVHs and can detect pAVHs severity. METHODS We analyzed high-density electroencephalography data that from 43 pAVHs patients (pAVH group), 20 moderate auditory verbal hallucinations patients (mid-AVH group), and 24 without auditory verbal hallucinations patients (non-AVH group). Event-related spectral perturbation and inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) were calculated to quantify dynamic changes of the 40 Hz ASSR power and ITPC, respectively. RESULTS Frontal-central, the 40 Hz ASSR power, and ITPC were significantly lower in the pAVH group than in the non-AVH group; There was no significant difference between the pAVH and mid-AVH group. The 40 Hz ASSR was significantly negatively correlated with the severity of pAVHs. The 40 Hz ASSR power, and ITPC could be used as a combinational marker to detect SCZ patients with and without pAVHs. CONCLUSION Our findings have shed light on the pathological mechanism of pAVHs in SCZ patients. These results can provide potential avenues for therapeutic intervention of pAVHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobing Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Ruxin Hu
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Huiming Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Lijun Chu
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yuying Qiu
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China.
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Jacob MS, Sargent K, Roach BJ, Shamshiri EA, Mathalon DH, Ford JM. The Scanner as the Stimulus: Deficient Gamma-BOLD Coupling in Schizophrenia at Rest. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1364-1374. [PMID: 37098100 PMCID: PMC10483456 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanners are unavoidably loud and uncomfortable experimental tools that are necessary for schizophrenia (SZ) neuroscience research. The validity of fMRI paradigms might be undermined by well-known sensory processing abnormalities in SZ that could exert distinct effects on neural activity in the presence of scanner background sound. Given the ubiquity of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) paradigms in SZ research, elucidating the relationship between neural, hemodynamic, and sensory processing deficits during scanning is necessary to refine the construct validity of the MR neuroimaging environment. We recorded simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)-fMRI at rest in people with SZ (n = 57) and healthy control participants without a psychiatric diagnosis (n = 46) and identified gamma EEG activity in the same frequency range as the background sounds emitted from our scanner during a resting-state sequence. In participants with SZ, gamma coupling to the hemodynamic signal was reduced in bilateral auditory regions of the superior temporal gyri. Impaired gamma-hemodynamic coupling was associated with sensory gating deficits and worse symptom severity. Fundamental sensory-neural processing deficits in SZ are present at rest when considering scanner background sound as a "stimulus." This finding may impact the interpretation of rs-fMRI activity in studies of people with SZ. Future neuroimaging research in SZ might consider background sound as a confounding variable, potentially related to fluctuations in neural excitability and arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Jacob
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaia Sargent
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Brian J Roach
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Elhum A Shamshiri
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Jacob D, Guerrini L, Pescaglia F, Pierucci S, Gelormini C, Minutolo V, Fratini A, Di Lorenzo G, Petersen H, Gargiulo P. Adaptation strategies and neurophysiological response in early-stage Parkinson's disease: BioVRSea approach. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1197142. [PMID: 37529404 PMCID: PMC10389765 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1197142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is accumulating evidence that many pathological conditions affecting human balance are consequence of postural control (PC) failure or overstimulation such as in motion sickness. Our research shows the potential of using the response to a complex postural control task to assess patients with early-stage Parkinson's Disease (PD). Methods We developed a unique measurement model, where the PC task is triggered by a moving platform in a virtual reality environment while simultaneously recording EEG, EMG and CoP signals. This novel paradigm of assessment is called BioVRSea. We studied the interplay between biosignals and their differences in healthy subjects and with early-stage PD. Results Despite the limited number of subjects (29 healthy and nine PD) the results of our work show significant differences in several biosignals features, demonstrating that the combined output of posturography, muscle activation and cortical response is capable of distinguishing healthy from pathological. Discussion The differences measured following the end of the platform movement are remarkable, as the induced sway is different between the two groups and triggers statistically relevant cortical activities in α and θ bands. This is a first important step to develop a multi-metric signature able to quantify PC and distinguish healthy from pathological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Jacob
- Institute of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lorena Guerrini
- Institute of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Aversa, Italy
| | - Federica Pescaglia
- Institute of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Simona Pierucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmine Gelormini
- Department of Civil Engineering and Computer Science Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Minutolo
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Aversa, Italy
| | - Antonio Fratini
- Engineering for Health Research Centre, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Hannes Petersen
- Department of Anatomy, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Paolo Gargiulo
- Institute of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Science, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
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11
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Batista-Brito R, Majumdar A, Nuño A, Ward C, Barnes C, Nikouei K, Vinck M, Cardin JA. Developmental loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons disrupts state-dependent cortical circuit dynamics. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3133-3143. [PMID: 37069344 PMCID: PMC10618960 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
GABAergic inhibition plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of cortical circuits during development. Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) and its interneuron-specific receptor ErbB4 are key elements of a signaling pathway critical for the maturation and proper synaptic connectivity of interneurons. Using conditional deletions of the ERBB4 gene in mice, we tested the role of this signaling pathway at two developmental timepoints in parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons, the largest subpopulation of cortical GABAergic cells. Loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons during embryonic, but not late postnatal development leads to alterations in the activity of excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons, along with severe disruption of cortical temporal organization. These impairments emerge by the end of the second postnatal week, prior to the complete maturation of the PV interneurons themselves. Early loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons also results in profound dysregulation of excitatory pyramidal neuron dendritic architecture and a redistribution of spine density at the apical dendritic tuft. In association with these deficits, excitatory cortical neurons exhibit normal tuning for sensory inputs, but a loss of state-dependent modulation of the gain of sensory responses. Together these data support a key role for early developmental Nrg1/ErbB4 signaling in PV interneurons as a powerful mechanism underlying the maturation of both the inhibitory and excitatory components of cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Batista-Brito
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Antara Majumdar
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Sherrington Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, England
| | - Alejandro Nuño
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Claire Ward
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Clayton Barnes
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Kasra Nikouei
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Vinck
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstraße 46, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jessica A Cardin
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Kavli Institute of Neuroscience, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, 100 College St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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12
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Dormann OD, Schuelert N, Rosenbrock H. Effects of the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 on two models of disturbed auditory evoked brain oscillations in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:150. [PMID: 37147311 PMCID: PMC10162958 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and is poorly addressed by currently available medication. This is partly because the underlying circuits are insufficiently understood, and available animal models for brain dysfunction do not adequately mimic human pathology. To improve the translatability of animal studies and complement behavioral data, EEG measurements are being increasingly used in preclinical research. Brain oscillations are similar across species and can be impaired via several means. In this study, we used two approaches to impair early sensory processing and cortical oscillations in mice: a pharmacological model targeting NMDA receptor function in the whole brain via systemic MK-801 application and an optogenetic model targeting parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons locally in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We evoked brain activity using auditory stimulation, a tool with high translatability from mouse to human. We then investigated the effect of LY379268, an agonist of mGlu2/3 receptors, a potential therapeutic target for schizophrenia, on single neuron and EEG responses. LY379268 was able to rescue MK-801-induced deficits for a variety of clinically relevant early sensory EEG biomarkers. Single neuron recordings revealed a strong effect of LY379268 on the signal-to-noise ratio during auditory stimulation and optogenetic inhibition of PV+ interneurons. Our results contribute to a better understanding of how group II metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate neuronal population and network activity under sensory stimulation while challenged pharmacologically or optogenetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Daniela Dormann
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riss, Germany.
| | - Niklas Schuelert
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riss, Germany
| | - Holger Rosenbrock
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riss, Germany
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13
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Yeh TC, Huang CCY, Chung YA, Park SY, Im JJ, Lin YY, Ma CC, Tzeng NS, Chang HA. Resting-State EEG Connectivity at High-Frequency Bands and Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Stabilized Schizophrenia Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040737. [PMID: 37109695 PMCID: PMC10141517 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Attentional dysfunction has long been viewed as one of the fundamental underlying cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. There is an urgent need to understand its neural underpinning and develop effective treatments. In the process of attention, neural oscillation has a central role in filtering information and allocating resources to either stimulus-driven or goal-relevant objects. Here, we asked if resting-state EEG connectivity correlated with attentional performance in schizophrenia patients. Materials and Methods: Resting-state EEG recordings were obtained from 72 stabilized patients with schizophrenia. Lagged phase synchronization (LPS) was used to measure whole-brain source-based functional connectivity between 84 intra-cortical current sources determined by eLORETA (exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography) for five frequencies. The Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II) was administered for evaluating attentional performance. Linear regression with a non-parametric permutation randomization procedure was used to examine the correlations between the whole-brain functional connectivity and the CPT-II measures. Results: Greater beta-band right hemispheric fusiform gyrus (FG)-lingual gyrus (LG) functional connectivity predicted higher CPT-II variability scores (r = 0.44, p < 0.05, corrected), accounting for 19.5% of variance in the CPT-II VAR score. Greater gamma-band right hemispheric functional connectivity between the cuneus (Cu) and transverse temporal gyrus (TTG) and between Cu and the superior temporal gyrus (STG) predicted higher CPT-II hit reaction time (HRT) scores (both r = 0.50, p < 0.05, corrected), accounting for 24.6% and 25.1% of variance in the CPT-II HRT score, respectively. Greater gamma-band right hemispheric Cu-TTG functional connectivity predicted higher CPT-II HRT standard error (HRTSE) scores (r = 0.54, p < 0.05, corrected), accounting for 28.7% of variance in the CPT-II HRTSE score. Conclusions: Our study indicated that increased right hemispheric resting-state EEG functional connectivity at high frequencies was correlated with poorer focused attention in schizophrenia patients. If replicated, novel approaches to modulate these networks may yield selective, potent interventions for improving attention deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chuan Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Cathy Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| | - Yong-An Chung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonya Youngju Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeon Jamie Im
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yen-Yue Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325208, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 112003, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
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14
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Qin Y, Mahdavi A, Bertschy M, Anderson PM, Kulikova S, Pinault D. The psychotomimetic ketamine disrupts the transfer of late sensory information in the corticothalamic network. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:440-455. [PMID: 36226598 PMCID: PMC10092610 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In prodromal and early schizophrenia, disorders of attention and perception are associated with structural and chemical brain abnormalities and with dysfunctional corticothalamic networks exhibiting disturbed brain rhythms. The underlying mechanisms are elusive. The non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine simulates the symptoms of prodromal and early schizophrenia, including disturbances in ongoing and task & sensory-related broadband beta-/gamma-frequency (17-29 Hz/30-80 Hz) oscillations in corticothalamic networks. In normal healthy subjects and rodents, complex integration processes, like sensory perception, induce transient, large-scale synchronised beta/gamma oscillations in a time window of a few hundred ms (200-700 ms) after the presentation of the object of attention (e.g., sensory stimulation). Our goal was to use an electrophysiological multisite network approach to investigate, in lightly anesthetised rats, the effects of a single psychotomimetic dose (2.5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) of ketamine on sensory stimulus-induced oscillations. Ketamine transiently increased the power of baseline beta/gamma oscillations and decreased sensory-induced beta/gamma oscillations. In addition, it disrupted information transferability in both the somatosensory thalamus and the related cortex and decreased the sensory-induced thalamocortical connectivity in the broadband gamma range. The present findings support the hypothesis that NMDA receptor antagonism disrupts the transfer of perceptual information in the somatosensory cortico-thalamo-cortical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Université de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- INSERM U1114, Neuropsychologie cognitive et physiopathologie de la schizophrénieStrasbourgFrance
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecineStrasbourgFrance
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS)StrasbourgFrance
- Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceThe Netherlands
| | - Ali Mahdavi
- Université de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- INSERM U1114, Neuropsychologie cognitive et physiopathologie de la schizophrénieStrasbourgFrance
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecineStrasbourgFrance
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS)StrasbourgFrance
- The University of Freiburg, Bernstein Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Marine Bertschy
- Université de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- INSERM U1114, Neuropsychologie cognitive et physiopathologie de la schizophrénieStrasbourgFrance
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecineStrasbourgFrance
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Paul M. Anderson
- Dept. Cognitive Neurobiology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaAustria
| | - Sofya Kulikova
- National Research University Higher School of EconomicsPermRussia
| | - Didier Pinault
- Université de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- INSERM U1114, Neuropsychologie cognitive et physiopathologie de la schizophrénieStrasbourgFrance
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecineStrasbourgFrance
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS)StrasbourgFrance
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15
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Haaf M, Curic S, Rauh J, Steinmann S, Mulert C, Leicht G. Opposite Modulation of the NMDA Receptor by Glycine and S-Ketamine and the Effects on Resting State EEG Gamma Activity: New Insights into the Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031913. [PMID: 36768234 PMCID: PMC9916476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
NMDA-receptor hypofunction is increasingly considered to be an important pathomechanism in schizophrenia. However, to date, it has not been possible to identify patients with relevant NMDA-receptor hypofunction who would respond to glutamatergic treatments. Preclinical models, such as the ketamine model, could help identify biomarkers related to NMDA-receptor function that respond to glutamatergic modulation, for example, via activation of the glycine-binding site. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of opposing modulation of the NMDA receptor on gamma activity (30-100 Hz) at rest, the genesis of which appears to be highly dependent on NMDA receptors. The effects of subanesthetic doses of S-ketamine and pretreatment with glycine on gamma activity at rest were examined in twenty-five healthy male participants using 64-channel electroencephalography. Psychometric scores were assessed using the PANSS and the 5D-ASC. While S-ketamine significantly increased psychometric scores and gamma activity at the scalp and in the source space, pretreatment with glycine did not significantly attenuate any of these effects when controlled for multiple comparisons. Our results question whether increased gamma activity at rest constitutes a suitable biomarker for the target engagement of glutamatergic drugs in the preclinical ketamine model. They might further point to a differential role of NMDA receptors in gamma activity generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Haaf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)40-741059514
| | - Stjepan Curic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Center of Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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16
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Sibilska S, Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Development of network oscillations through adolescence in male and female rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1135154. [PMID: 37213214 PMCID: PMC10196069 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1135154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this research was to study the developmental trajectory of oscillatory synchronization in neural networks of normal healthy rats during adolescence, corresponding to the vulnerable age of schizophrenia prodrome in human. To monitor the development of oscillatory networks through adolescence we used a "pseudo-longitudinal" design. Recordings were performed in terminal experiments under urethane anesthesia, every day from PN32 to PN52 using rats-siblings from the same mother, to reduce individual innate differences between subjects. We found that hippocampal theta power decreased and delta power in prefrontal cortex increased through adolescence, indicating that the oscillations in the two different frequency bands follow distinct developmental trajectories to reach the characteristic oscillatory activity found in adults. Perhaps even more importantly, theta rhythm showed age-dependent stabilization toward late adolescence. Furthermore, sex differences was found in both networks, more prominent in the prefrontal cortex compared with hippocampus. Delta increase was stronger in females and theta stabilization was completed earlier in females, in postnatal days PN41-47, while in males it was only completed in late adolescence. Our finding of a protracted maturation of theta-generating networks in late adolescence is overall consistent with the findings of longitudinal studies in human adolescents, in which oscillatory networks demonstrated a similar pattern of maturation.
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17
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Beño-Ruiz-de-la-Sierra RM, Fernández-Linsenbarth I, Roig-Herrero A, Díez-Revuelta Á. Electroencephalography for the Study of the Auditory P300 Evoked Potential and Derived Measurements. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2687:93-106. [PMID: 37464165 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3307-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool in neuropsychiatry research. The most used measurements in EEG are the amplitude and latency of the cortical electrophysiological activity in response to stimulus, known as evoked potentials. Besides potentials, time/frequency analysis is also used to obtain information on global fluctuations of the recordings, which evoked potentials do not provide. Time/frequency analysis results in different values known as derived measures. In this work, a brief introduction to evoked potentials and time/frequency analyses in schizophrenia is given, focusing on P300, noise power, and spectral entropy. Finally, a detailed description is given on how to obtain EEG recordings, evoked potentials, and derived measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Álvaro Díez-Revuelta
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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18
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Syed SA, Schnakenberg Martin AM, Cortes-Briones JA, Skosnik PD. The Relationship Between Cannabinoids and Neural Oscillations: How Cannabis Disrupts Sensation, Perception, and Cognition. Clin EEG Neurosci 2022:15500594221138280. [PMID: 36426543 DOI: 10.1177/15500594221138280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Disruptions in neural oscillations are believed to be one critical mechanism by which cannabinoids, such as delta-9-tetrahyrdrocannabinol (THC; the primary psychoactive constituent of cannabis), perturbs brain function. Here we briefly review the role of synchronized neural activity, particularly in the gamma (30-80 Hz) and theta (4-7 Hz) frequency range, in sensation, perception, and cognition. This is followed by a review of clinical studies utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) which have demonstrated that both chronic and acute cannabinoid exposure disrupts neural oscillations in humans. We also offer a hypothetical framework through which endocannabinoids modulate neural synchrony at the network level. This also includes speculation on how both chronic and acute cannabinoids disrupt functionally relevant neural oscillations by altering the fine tuning of oscillations and the inhibitory/excitatory balance of neural circuits. Finally, we highlight important clinical implications of such oscillatory disruptions, such as the potential relationship between cannabis use, altered neural synchrony, and disruptions in sensation, perception, and cognition, which are perturbed in disorders such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariful A Syed
- Department of Psychiatry, 12228Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ashley M Schnakenberg Martin
- Department of Psychiatry, 12228Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jose A Cortes-Briones
- Department of Psychiatry, 12228Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Patrick D Skosnik
- Department of Psychiatry, 12228Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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19
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Tuduri P, Bouquier N, Girard B, Moutin E, Thouaye M, Perroy J, Bertaso F, Ster J. Modulation of Hippocampal Network Oscillation by PICK1-Dependent Cell Surface Expression of mGlu3 Receptors. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8897-8911. [PMID: 36202617 PMCID: PMC9698693 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0063-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor Type 3 (mGlu3) controls the sleep/wake architecture, which plays a role in the glutamatergic pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Interestingly, mGlu3 receptor expression is decreased in the brain of schizophrenic patients. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating mGlu3 receptors at the cell membrane. Subcellular receptor localization is strongly dependent on protein-protein interactions. Here we show that mGlu3 interacts with PICK1 and that this scaffolding protein is important for mGlu3 surface expression and function in hippocampal primary cultures. Disruption of their interaction via an mGlu3 C-terminal mimicking peptide or an inhibitor of the PDZ domain of PICK1 altered the functional expression of mGlu3 receptors in neurons. We next investigated the impact of disrupting the mGlu3-PICK1 interaction on hippocampal theta oscillations in vitro and in vivo in WT male mice. We found a decreased frequency of theta oscillations in organotypic hippocampal slices, similar to what was previously observed in mGlu3 KO mice. In addition, hippocampal theta power was reduced during rapid eye movement sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and wake states after intraventricular administration of the mGlu3 C-terminal mimicking peptide. Targeting the mGlu3-PICK1 complex could thus be relevant to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dysregulation of the glutamatergic system might play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Metabotropic glutamate receptors Type 3 (mGlu3) have been proposed as potential targets for schizophrenia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating mGlu3 receptor at the cell membrane is critical toward comprehending how their dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Here we describe that the binding of the signaling and scaffolding protein PICK1 to mGlu3 receptors is important for their localization and physiological functions. The identification of new proteins that associate specifically to mGlu3 receptors will advance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms associated with their targeting and function and ultimately might provide new therapeutic strategies to counter these psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pola Tuduri
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Nathalie Bouquier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Benoit Girard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Enora Moutin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Maxime Thouaye
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Federica Bertaso
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Jeanne Ster
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, 34094, France
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20
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Thörn CW, Kafetzopoulos V, Kocsis B. Differential Effect of Dopamine D4 Receptor Activation on Low-Frequency Oscillations in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus May Bias the Bidirectional Prefrontal–Hippocampal Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911705. [PMID: 36233007 PMCID: PMC9569525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) mechanisms are implicated in psychiatric diseases characterized by cognitive deficits, including schizophrenia, ADHD, and autism. The cellular mechanisms are poorly understood, but impaired neuronal synchronization in cortical networks was proposed to contribute to these deficits. In animal experiments, D4R activation was shown to generate aberrant increased gamma oscillations and to reduce performance on cognitive tasks requiring functional prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) networks. While fast oscillations in the gamma range are important for local synchronization within neuronal ensembles, long-range synchronization between distant structures is achieved by slow rhythms in the delta, theta, alpha ranges. The characteristics of slow oscillations vary between structures during cognitive tasks. HPC activity is dominated by theta rhythm, whereas PFC generates unique oscillations in the 2–4 Hz range. In order to investigate the role of D4R on slow rhythms, cortical activity was recorded in rats under urethane anesthesia in which slow oscillations can be elicited in a controlled manner without behavioral confounds, by electrical stimulation of the brainstem reticular formation. The local field potential segments during stimulations were extracted and subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain power density spectra. The selective D4R agonist A-412997 (5 and 10 mg/kg) and antagonists L-745870 (5 and 10 mg/kg) were injected systemically and the peak power in the two frequency ranges were compared before and after the injection. We found that D4R compounds significantly changed the activity of both HPC and PFC, but the direction of the effect was opposite in the two structures. D4R agonist enhanced PFC slow rhythm (delta, 2–4 Hz) and suppressed HPC theta, whereas the antagonist had an opposite effect. Analogous changes of the two slow rhythms were also found in the thalamic nucleus reuniens, which has connections to both forebrain structures. Slow oscillations play a key role in interregional cortical coupling; delta and theta oscillations were shown in particular, to entrain neuronal firing and to modulate gamma activity in interconnected forebrain structures with a relative HPC theta dominance over PFC. Thus, the results of this study indicate that D4R activation may introduce an abnormal bias in the bidirectional PFC–HPC coupling which can be reversed by D4R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasilios Kafetzopoulos
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +617-331-1782
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21
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Mancini V, Rochas V, Seeber M, Grent-'t-Jong T, Rihs TA, Latrèche C, Uhlhaas PJ, Michel CM, Eliez S. Oscillatory Neural Signatures of Visual Perception Across Developmental Stages in Individuals With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:407-418. [PMID: 35550793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous behavioral studies have highlighted the contribution of visual perceptual deficits to the nonverbal cognitive profile of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. However, the neurobiological processes underlying these widespread behavioral alterations are yet to be fully understood. Thus, in this paper, we investigated the role of neural oscillations toward visuoperceptual deficits to elucidate the neurobiology of sensory impairments in deletion carriers. METHODS We acquired 125 high-density electroencephalography recordings during a visual grating task in a group of 62 deletion carriers and 63 control subjects. Stimulus-elicited oscillatory responses were analyzed with 1) time-frequency analysis using wavelets decomposition at sensor and source level, 2) intertrial phase coherence, and 3) Granger causality connectivity in source space. Additional analyses examined the development of neural oscillations across age bins. RESULTS Deletion carriers had decreased theta-band (4-8 Hz) and gamma-band (58-68 Hz) spectral power compared with control subjects in response to the visual stimuli, with an absence of age-related increase of theta- and gamma-band responses. Moreover, adult deletion carriers had decreased gamma- and theta-band responses but increased alpha/beta desynchronization (10-25 Hz) that correlated with behavioral performance. Granger causality estimates reflected an increased frontal-occipital connectivity in the beta range (22-40 Hz). CONCLUSIONS Deletion carriers exhibited decreased theta- and gamma-band responses to visual stimuli, while alpha/beta desynchronization was preserved. Overall, the lack of age-related changes in deletion carriers implicates developmental impairments in circuit mechanisms underlying neural oscillations. The dissociation between the maturation of theta/gamma- and alpha/beta-band responses may indicate a selective impairment in supragranular cortical layers, leading to compensatory top-down connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mancini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Vincent Rochas
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Human Neuroscience Platform, Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Seeber
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tonia A Rihs
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Caren Latrèche
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Hudson MR, Jones NC. Deciphering the code: Identifying true gamma neural oscillations. Exp Neurol 2022; 357:114205. [PMID: 35985554 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Neural oscillatory activity occurring in the gamma frequency range (30-80 Hz) has been proposed to play essential roles in sensory and cognitive processing. Supporting this, abnormalities in gamma oscillations have been reported in patients with diverse neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders in which cognitive impairment is prominent. Understanding the mechanisms underpinning this relationship is the focus of extensive research. But while an increasing number of studies are investigating the intricate relationship between gamma oscillations and cognition, interpretation and generalisation of these studies is limited by the diverse, and at times questionable, methodologies used to analyse oscillatory activity. For example, a variety of different types of gamma oscillatory activity have been characterised, but all are generalised non-specifically as 'gamma oscillations'. This creates confusion, since distinct cellular and network mechanisms are likely responsible for generating these different types of rhythm. Moreover, in some instances, certain analytical measures of electrophysiological data are overinterpreted, with researchers pushing the boundaries of what would be considered rhythmic or oscillatory in nature. Here, we provide clarity on these issues, firstly presenting an overview of the different measures of gamma oscillatory activity, and describing common signal processing techniques used for analysis. Limitations of these techniques are discussed, and recommendations made on how future studies should optimise analyses, presentation and interpretation of gamma frequency oscillations. This is an essential progression in order to harmonise future studies, allowing us to gain a clearer understanding of the role of gamma oscillations in cognition, and in cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Hudson
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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23
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Schuler AL, Ferrazzi G, Colenbier N, Arcara G, Piccione F, Ferreri F, Marinazzo D, Pellegrino G. Auditory driven gamma synchrony is associated with cortical thickness in widespread cortical areas. Neuroimage 2022; 255:119175. [PMID: 35390460 PMCID: PMC9168448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gamma synchrony is a fundamental functional property of the cerebral cortex, impaired in multiple neuropsychiatric conditions (i.e. schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, stroke etc.). Auditory stimulation in the gamma range allows to drive gamma synchrony of the entire cortical mantle and to estimate the efficiency of the mechanisms sustaining it. As gamma synchrony depends strongly on the interplay between parvalbumin-positive interneurons and pyramidal neurons, we hypothesize an association between cortical thickness and gamma synchrony. To test this hypothesis, we employed a combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study. METHODS Cortical thickness was estimated from anatomical MRI scans. MEG measurements related to exposure of 40 Hz amplitude modulated tones were projected onto the cortical surface. Two measures of cortical synchrony were considered: (a) inter-trial phase consistency at 40 Hz, providing a vertex-wise estimation of gamma synchronization, and (b) phase-locking values between primary auditory cortices and whole cortical mantle, providing a measure of long-range cortical synchrony. A correlation between cortical thickness and synchronization measures was then calculated for 72 MRI-MEG scans. RESULTS Both inter-trial phase consistency and phase locking values showed a significant positive correlation with cortical thickness. For inter-trial phase consistency, clusters of strong associations were found in the temporal and frontal lobes, especially in the bilateral auditory and pre-motor cortices. Higher phase-locking values corresponded to higher cortical thickness in the frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal lobes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS In healthy subjects, a thicker cortex corresponds to higher gamma synchrony and connectivity in the primary auditory cortex and beyond, likely reflecting underlying cell density involved in gamma circuitries. This result hints towards an involvement of gamma synchrony together with underlying brain structure in brain areas for higher order cognitive functions. This study contributes to the understanding of inherent cortical functional and structural brain properties, which might in turn constitute the basis for the definition of useful biomarkers in patients showing aberrant gamma synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Ferrazzi
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | - Nigel Colenbier
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | | | - Florinda Ferreri
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Daniele Marinazzo
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University
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24
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Survey of Machine Learning Techniques in the Analysis of EEG Signals for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects 7–10 million people worldwide. Its diagnosis is clinical and can be supported by image-based tests, which are expensive and not always accessible. Electroencephalograms (EEG) are non-invasive, widely accessible, low-cost tests. However, the signals obtained are difficult to analyze visually, so advanced techniques, such as Machine Learning (ML), need to be used. In this article, we review those studies that consider ML techniques to study the EEG of patients with PD. Methods: The review process was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, which are used to provide quality standards for the objective evaluation of various studies. All publications before February 2022 were included, and their main characteristics and results were evaluated and documented through three key points associated with the development of ML techniques: dataset quality, data preprocessing, and model evaluation. Results: 59 studies were included. The predominating models were Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). In total, 31 articles diagnosed PD with a mean accuracy of 97.35 ± 3.46%. There was no standard cleaning protocol for EEG and a great heterogeneity in EEG characteristics was shown, although spectral features predominated by 88.37%. Conclusions: Neither the cleaning protocol nor the number of EEG channels influenced the classification results. A baseline value was provided for the PD diagnostic problem, although recent studies focus on the identification of cognitive impairment.
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25
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Yanagi M, Tsuchiya A, Hosomi F, Terada T, Ozaki S, Shirakawa O, Hashimoto M. Evaluating delay of gamma oscillations in patients with schizophrenia using evoked response audiometry system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11327. [PMID: 35790750 PMCID: PMC9256618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired gamma oscillations found in a 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) in patients with schizophrenia are the robust findings that can be used for future biomarker-based therapeutics. To apply these significant observations into the clinical practice, a clinical system for evoked response audiometry (ERA) may be available. In this study, the delayed 40-Hz ASSR, which was reported as a potent biomarker for schizophrenia, was examined using the ERA system in patients with schizophrenia and its clinical relevance was investigated. The phase of ASSR was significantly delayed in patients with schizophrenia compared with the healthy subjects. The delayed phase was associated with severity of the disease symptoms in the patients. A phase delay with aging was found in healthy subjects, but not in patients with schizophrenia. These findings show availability of the ERA system to identify the delayed 40-Hz ASSR and its clinical implication in patients with schizophrenia. Further applications of the ERA system in clinical psychiatry are warranted in developing biological assessments of schizophrenia with 40-Hz ASSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Aki Tsuchiya
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Hosomi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Toru Terada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Shirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Mamoru Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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26
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Farcas A, Iftene F. Findings, limitations and new directions in tACS studies in schizophrenia research: A scoping review. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 151:291-298. [PMID: 35525231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe neurodevelopmental spectrum disorder with significant consequences for the individual who is diagnosed and their family, resulting in notable system-level costs associated with the current methods of treatment. With a complex etiology, this syndrome continues to evade our thorough understanding and invites cautious analysis into how the newest research findings may translate into meaningful interventions. Recent explorations of non-invasive interventions in psychiatry suggest that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a safe and potentially promising add-on to the current SZ treatment. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search for tACS studies on SZ in three databases - Embase, Pubmed and Medline. The search yielded 29 titles and abstracts, of which 8 met the criteria for inclusion: experimental use of tACS on patients with SZ. RESULTS We found 8 publications where findings from tACS were applied on participants with SZ. The most common frequencies used were theta (4.5 Hertz [Hz] and 6 Hz), alpha (10 Hz) and gamma (40 Hz). The main findings resulting from tACS delivery were: (1) decrease in auditory hallucinations; (2) decrease in negative symptoms; (3) cognitive improvement; and, (4) no change. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review provides a highlight of current protocols used in tACS studies on SZ, their main findings and limitations, and points towards a direction for new approaches. The wide variety of objectives, protocols and assessments used by researchers demonstrates the diversified nature of research currently used in this field, suggesting the need for a more thorough exploration as results continue to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Farcas
- Center of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Felicia Iftene
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Center of Neuroscience, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Mannekote Thippaiah S, Pradhan B, Voyiaziakis E, Shetty R, Iyengar S, Olson C, Tang YY. Possible Role of Parvalbumin Interneurons in Meditation and Psychiatric Illness. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:113-123. [PMID: 35040663 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are present in multiple brain regions and produce complex influences on brain functioning. An increasing number of research findings indicate that the function of these interneurons is more complex than solely to inhibit pyramidal neurons in the cortex. They generate feedback and feedforward inhibition of cortical neurons, and they are critically involved in the generation of neuronal network oscillation. These oscillations, generated by various brain regions, are linked to perceptions, thought processes, and cognitive functions, all of which, in turn, influence human emotions and behavior. Both animal and human studies consistently have found that meditation practice results in enhancement in the effects of alpha-, theta-, and gamma-frequency oscillations, which may correspond to positive changes in cognition, emotion, conscious awareness, and, subsequently, behavior. Although the study of meditation has moved into mainstream neuroscience research, the link between PV interneurons and any role they might play in meditative states remains elusive. This article is focused primarily on gamma-frequency oscillation, which is generated by PV interneurons, to develop insight and perspective into the role of PV interneurons in meditation. This article also points to new and emerging directions that address whether this role of PV interneurons in meditation extends to a beneficial, and potentially therapeutic, role in the treatment of common psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinagesh Mannekote Thippaiah
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Basant Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Emanuel Voyiaziakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Rashika Shetty
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Sloka Iyengar
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Carol Olson
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
| | - Yi-Yuan Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Valleywise Behavioral Health Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix (Mannekote Thippaiah, Olson); Division of Neuromodulation and Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, N.J. (Pradhan); Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, N.Y. (Voyiaziakis); Department of Neuroscience, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Shetty); American Museum of Natural History, New York (Iyengar); Psychiatry Division, District Medical Group, Phoenix (Olson); and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe (Tang)
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28
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Banea OC, Bandeira Dos Santos LG, Marcu S, Stefánnson SB, Wassermann EM, Ívarsson E, Jónasson VD, Aubonnet R, Jónasson AD, Magnúsdóttir BB, Haraldsson M, Gargiulo P. Network signatures of rTMS treatment in patients with schizophrenia and auditory verbal hallucination during an auditory-motor task using HD-EEG. Schizophr Res 2022; 243:310-314. [PMID: 34217547 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C Banea
- Neurology Department, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | | | - Sara Marcu
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Eric M Wassermann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eysteinn Ívarsson
- Neurology Department, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Viktor D Jónasson
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Romain Aubonnet
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Aron D Jónasson
- Neurology Department, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Magnús Haraldsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Paolo Gargiulo
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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29
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Analysis of complexity in the EEG activity of Parkinson's disease patients by means of approximate entropy. GeroScience 2022; 44:1599-1607. [PMID: 35344121 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to explore the brain resting state differences between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (elderly) in terms of complexity of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. One non-linear approach to determine the complexity of EEG is the entropy. In this pilot study, 28 resting state EEGs were analyzed from 13 PD patients and 15 elderly subjects, applying approximate entropy (ApEn) analysis to EEGs in ten regions of interest (ROIs), five for each brain hemisphere (frontal, central, parietal, occipital, temporal). Results showed that PD patients presented statistically higher ApEn values than elderly confirming the hypothesis that PD is characterized by a remarkable modification of brain complexity and globally modifies the underlying organization of the brain. The higher-than-normal entropy of PD patients may describe a condition of low order and consequently low information flow due to an alteration of cortical functioning and processing of information. Understanding the dynamics of brain applying ApEn could be a useful tool to help in diagnosis, follow the progression of Parkinson's disease, and set up personalized rehabilitation programs.
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30
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Mancini V, Rochas V, Seeber M, Roehri N, Rihs TA, Ferat V, Schneider M, Uhlhaas PJ, Eliez S, Michel CM. Aberrant Developmental Patterns of Gamma-Band Response and Long-Range Communication Disruption in Youths With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 2022; 179:204-215. [PMID: 35236117 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.21020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain oscillations play a pivotal role in synchronizing responses of local and global ensembles of neurons. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit impairments in oscillatory response, which are thought to stem from abnormal maturation during critical developmental stages. Studying individuals at genetic risk for psychosis, such as 22q11.2 deletion carriers, from childhood to adulthood may provide insights into developmental abnormalities. METHODS The authors acquired 106 consecutive T1-weighted MR images and 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) with high-density (256 channel) EEG in a group of 58 22q11.2 deletion carriers and 48 healthy control subjects. ASSRs were analyzed with 1) time-frequency analysis using Morlet wavelet decomposition, 2) intertrial phase coherence (ITPC), and 3) theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling estimated in the source space between brain regions activated by the ASSRs. Additionally, volumetric analyses were performed with FreeSurfer. Subanalyses were conducted in deletion carriers who endorsed psychotic symptoms and in subgroups with different age bins. RESULTS Deletion carriers had decreased theta and late-latency 40-Hz ASSRs and phase synchronization compared with control subjects. Deletion carriers with psychotic symptoms displayed a further reduction of gamma-band response, decreased ITPC, and decreased top-down modulation of gamma-band response in the auditory cortex. Reduced gamma-band response was correlated with the atrophy of auditory cortex in individuals with psychotic symptoms. In addition, a linear increase of theta and gamma power from childhood to adulthood was found in control subjects but not in deletion carriers. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that while all deletion carriers exhibit decreased gamma-band response, more severe local and long-range communication abnormalities are associated with the emergence of psychotic symptoms and gray matter loss. Additionally, the lack of age-related changes in deletion carriers indexes a potential developmental impairment in circuits underlying the maturation of neural oscillations during adolescence. The progressive disruption of gamma-band response in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome supports a developmental perspective toward understanding and treating psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mancini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Vincent Rochas
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Martin Seeber
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Nicolas Roehri
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Tonia A Rihs
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Victor Ferat
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory (Mancini, Schneider, Eliez) and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development (Eliez), University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Rochas, Seeber, Roehri, Rihs, Ferat, Michel); Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva (Schneider); Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (Uhlhaas); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (Uhlhaas); Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva (Michel)
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Rezayat E, Clark K, Dehaqani MRA, Noudoost B. Dependence of Working Memory on Coordinated Activity Across Brain Areas. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 15:787316. [PMID: 35095433 PMCID: PMC8792503 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.787316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural signatures of working memory (WM) have been reported in numerous brain areas, suggesting a distributed neural substrate for memory maintenance. In the current manuscript we provide an updated review of the literature focusing on intracranial neurophysiological recordings during WM in primates. Such signatures of WM include changes in firing rate or local oscillatory power within an area, along with measures of coordinated activity between areas based on synchronization between oscillations. In comparing the ability of various neural signatures in any brain area to predict behavioral performance, we observe that synchrony between areas is more frequently and robustly correlated with WM performance than any of the within-area neural signatures. We further review the evidence for alteration of inter-areal synchrony in brain disorders, consistent with an important role for such synchrony during behavior. Additionally, results of causal studies indicate that manipulating synchrony across areas is especially effective at influencing WM task performance. Each of these lines of research supports the critical role of inter-areal synchrony in WM. Finally, we propose a framework for interactions between prefrontal and sensory areas during WM, incorporating a range of experimental findings and offering an explanation for the observed link between intra-areal measures and WM performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Rezayat
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kelsey Clark
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Mohammad-Reza A. Dehaqani
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
- Cognitive Systems Laboratory, Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrad Noudoost
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Behrad Noudoost,
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Yanagi M, Tsuchiya A, Hosomi F, Ozaki S, Shirakawa O. Application of evoked response audiometry for specifying aberrant gamma oscillations in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:287. [PMID: 34997139 PMCID: PMC8741931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma oscillations probed using auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are promising clinical biomarkers that may give rise to novel therapeutic interventions for schizophrenia. Optimizing clinical settings for these biomarker-driven interventions will require a quick and easy assessment system for gamma oscillations in psychiatry. ASSR has been used in clinical otolaryngology for evoked response audiometry (ERA) in order to judge hearing loss by focusing on the phase-locked response detectability via an automated analysis system. Herein, a standard ERA system with 40- and 46-Hz ASSRs was applied to evaluate the brain pathophysiology of patients with schizophrenia. Both ASSRs in the ERA system showed excellent detectability regarding the phase-locked response in healthy subjects and sharply captured the deficits of the phase-locked response caused by aberrant gamma oscillations in individuals with schizophrenia. These findings demonstrate the capability of the ERA system to specify patients who have aberrant gamma oscillations. The ERA system may have a potential to serve as a real-world clinical medium for upcoming biomarker-driven therapeutics in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Aki Tsuchiya
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Hosomi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Shirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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Chu C, Zhang Z, Wang J, Liu S, Wang F, Sun Y, Han X, Li Z, Zhu X, Liu C. Deep learning reveals personalized spatial spectral abnormalities of high delta and low alpha bands in EEG of patients with early Parkinson's disease. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34875634 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac40a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and early diagnosis is crucial to delay disease progression. The diagnosis of early PD has always been a difficult clinical problem due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most common clinical detection method, and studies have attempted to discover the EEG spectrum characteristics of early PD, but the reported conclusions are not uniform due to the heterogeneity of early PD patients. There is an urgent need for a more advanced algorithm to extract spectrum characteristics from EEG to satisfy the personalized requirements.Approach.The structured power spectral density with spatial distribution was used as the input of convolutional neural network (CNN). A visualization technique called gradient-weighted class activation mapping was used to extract the optimal frequency bands for identifying early PD. Based on the model visualization, we proposed a novel quantitative index of spectral characteristics, spatial-mapping relative power (SRP), to detect personalized abnormalities in the spatial spectral characteristics of EEG in early PD.Main results.We demonstrated the feasibility of applying CNN to identify the patients with early PD with an accuracy of 99.87% ± 0.03%. The models indicated the characteristic frequency bands (high-delta (3.5-4.5 Hz) and low-alpha (7.5-11 Hz) frequency bands) that are used to identify the early PD. The SRP of these two characteristic bands in early PD patients was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the abnormalities were consistent at the group and individual levels.Significance.This study provides a novel personalized detection algorithm based on deep learning to reveal the optimal frequency bands for identifying early PD and obtain the spatial frequency characteristics of early PD. The findings of this study will provide an effective reference for the auxiliary diagnosis of early PD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Chu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Liu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Han
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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The Control of Rat Hippocampal Gamma Oscillation Strength by BK Channel Activity. Neuroscience 2021; 475:220-228. [PMID: 34509547 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal network oscillations in the gamma frequency band (30-80 Hz, γ oscillations) are associated with the higher brain functions such as perception, attention, learning and memory. BK channels mediate rapid repolarization and fast afterhyperpolarization in neurons and control neuronal excitability, and potentially control hippocampal γ oscillations. In this study, we examined the effects of modulating BK channels on hippocampal γ oscillations in the absence or presence of Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) or Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPAR). We found that blocking BK channels enhanced γ power, without affecting oscillation frequency or regularity, suggesting that BK channel activity suppresses γ oscillations. Blocking either VGCC or CP-AMPAR itself enhanced γ power, and completely occluded the effect of BK channel blockers on γ oscillations, whereas blocking BK channels first could not prevent a further γ power increase upon blockade of either CP-AMPAR or VGCC. We propose that Ca2+ influx through VGCC or CP-AMPAR during γ oscillations, cause membrane BK channel activation and regulate hippocampal γ oscillation strength by negative feedback.
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Sinha M, Narayanan R. Active Dendrites and Local Field Potentials: Biophysical Mechanisms and Computational Explorations. Neuroscience 2021; 489:111-142. [PMID: 34506834 PMCID: PMC7612676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurons and glial cells are endowed with membranes that express a rich repertoire of ion channels, transporters, and receptors. The constant flux of ions across the neuronal and glial membranes results in voltage fluctuations that can be recorded from the extracellular matrix. The high frequency components of this voltage signal contain information about the spiking activity, reflecting the output from the neurons surrounding the recording location. The low frequency components of the signal, referred to as the local field potential (LFP), have been traditionally thought to provide information about the synaptic inputs that impinge on the large dendritic trees of various neurons. In this review, we discuss recent computational and experimental studies pointing to a critical role of several active dendritic mechanisms that can influence the genesis and the location-dependent spectro-temporal dynamics of LFPs, spanning different brain regions. We strongly emphasize the need to account for the several fast and slow dendritic events and associated active mechanisms - including gradients in their expression profiles, inter- and intra-cellular spatio-temporal interactions spanning neurons and glia, heterogeneities and degeneracy across scales, neuromodulatory influences, and activitydependent plasticity - towards gaining important insights about the origins of LFP under different behavioral states in health and disease. We provide simple but essential guidelines on how to model LFPs taking into account these dendritic mechanisms, with detailed methodology on how to account for various heterogeneities and electrophysiological properties of neurons and synapses while studying LFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Sinha
- Cellular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Rishikesh Narayanan
- Cellular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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Vandevelde A, Métivier L, Dollfus S. Impact cérébral structurel et fonctionnel de la Clozapine chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie : revue systématique des études longitudinales en neuroimagerie. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2021; 66:683-700. [PMID: 33131322 PMCID: PMC8329901 DOI: 10.1177/0706743720966459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF L'objectif de cette revue est d'identifier les corrélats anatomo-fonctionnels cérébraux lors d'un traitement par clozapine (CLZ) ainsi que les marqueurs anatomo-fonctionnels prédictifs de la réponse à la CLZ. MÉTHODES Nous avons réalisé une revue systématique de la littérature avec les bases de données MEDLINE et Web of Science afin d'identifier et d'examiner toutes les études longitudinales en neuroimagerie investiguant l'impact cérébral de la CLZ. RÉSULTATS 30 études ont été incluses et analysées. La CLZ induit une diminution du volume et de la perfusion dans les noyaux gris centraux chez les patients répondeurs. Un plus grand volume de substance grise et perfusion dans ces structures avant l'instauration de la CLZ étaient associés à une meilleure réponse au traitement. La diminution de volume et de perfusion au niveau du cortex préfrontal (CPF) est observée malgré l'instauration de CLZ mais de façon moins importante chez les patients sous CLZ que chez les patients sous antipsychotiques typiques. Un plus grand volume au niveau du CPF avant l'instauration de la CLZ est associé à une meilleure réponse clinique dans la majorité des études. Enfin, la CLZ semble induire une réduction des altérations au niveau de la substance blanche. CONCLUSION Les corrélats anatomo-fonctionnels de la CLZ différent de ceux des autres antipsychotiques avec une action spécifique de la CLZ au niveau des ganglions de la base et du CPF pouvant participer à sa supériorité en termes de réponse clinique. Plusieurs données cliniques et d'imagerie conduisent à l'hypothèse d'un meilleur pronostic associé à une instauration plus rapide de la CLZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vandevelde
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, GIP 55388Cyceron, boulevard Henri-Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France.,26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,Anaïs Vandevelde et Lucie Métivier ont participé de la même façon à ce travail et sont co-premier auteurs
| | - Lucie Métivier
- 26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,CHU de Caen, centre Esquirol, service de psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France.,Anaïs Vandevelde et Lucie Métivier ont participé de la même façon à ce travail et sont co-premier auteurs
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, GIP 55388Cyceron, boulevard Henri-Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France.,26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,CHU de Caen, centre Esquirol, service de psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France
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Boland C, Jalihal V, Organ C, Oak K, McLean B, Laugharne R, Woldman W, Beck R, Shankar R. EEG Markers in Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder-A Possible Outcome Measure for Neurofeedback: A Narrative Review. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:254-273. [PMID: 32635758 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420937948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. There is growing evidence for the use of biofeedback (BF) in affective disorders, dissocial personality disorder, and in children with histories of abuse. Electroencephalogram (EEG) markers could be used as neurofeedback in emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) management especially for those at high risk of suicide when emotionally aroused. This narrative review investigates the evidence for EEG markers in EUPD. Methods. PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct a narrative review. A structured search method was developed and implemented in collaboration with an information specialist. Studies were identified via 3 electronic database searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. A predesigned inclusion/exclusion criterion was applied to selected papers. A thematic analysis approach with 5 criteria was used. Results. From an initial long list of 5250 papers, 229 studies were identified and screened, of which 44 met at least 3 of the predesigned inclusion criteria. No research to date investigates EEG-based neurofeedback in EUPD. A number of different EEG biomarkers are identified but there is poor consistency between studies. Conclusions. The findings heterogeneity may be due to the disorder complexity and the variable EEG related parameters studied. An alternative explanation may be that there are a number of different neuromarkers, which could be clustered together with clinical symptomatology, to give new subdomains. Quantitative EEGs in particular may be helpful to identify more specific abnormalities. EEG standardization of neurofeedback protocols based on specific EEG abnormalities detected may facilitate targeted use of neurofeedback as an intervention in EUPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailín Boland
- Saint James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,8809Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Katy Oak
- 8028Royal Cornwall Hospitals Trust, Truro, UK
| | | | - Richard Laugharne
- 7491Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Truro, UK.,151756Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Randy Beck
- Institute of Functional Neuroscience, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rohit Shankar
- 7491Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Truro, UK.,151756Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
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Sleep abnormalities in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:328-334. [PMID: 33744512 PMCID: PMC8085028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Youth at clinical high risk (CHR) represent a unique population enriched for precursors of major psychiatric disorders. Sleep disturbances are consistently reported in CHR individuals. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating quantifiable objective measures of sleep dysfunction in CHR youth. In this study, sleep high density (hd)-EEG recordings were collected in twenty-two CHR and twenty healthy control (HC) subjects. Sleep architecture parameters, as well as sleep EEG power spectra in five frequency bands, were computed and compared between CHR and HC groups during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Furthermore, correlation analyses between sleep EEG power spectra, sleep architecture parameters, and clinical symptoms, assessed with the scale of prodromal symptoms (SOPS), were conducted in CHR participants. Our results show that CHR individuals had more wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) compared to HC participants. CHR also showed a higher NREM sleep gamma EEG power, which was observed in a large fronto-parieto-occipital area, relative to HC. Additionally, higher NREM gamma activity in lateral fronto-occipital regions was associated with more WASO, and increased NREM gamma power in medial fronto/parietal areas correlated with worse SOPS negative symptoms. Altogether, these findings suggest that topographically specific increases in EEG gamma activity during NREM sleep represent neurophysiological signatures underlying some of the objectively assessed sleep disturbances and clinical symptoms of CHR individuals.
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Neural network dynamics underlying gamma synchronization deficits in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110224. [PMID: 33340619 PMCID: PMC8631608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-band (40-Hz) activity is critical for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks during sensory and cognitive processing. Patients with schizophrenia show selective reductions in the capacity to support synchronized gamma-band oscillations in response to auditory stimulation presented 40-Hz. Despite widespread application of this 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) as a translational electroencephalographic biomarker for therapeutic development for neuropsychiatric disorders, the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying the ASSR have not been fully characterized. In this study, a novel Granger causality analysis was applied to assess the propagation of gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz steady-state stimulation across cortical sources in schizophrenia patients (n = 426) and healthy comparison subjects (n = 293). Both groups showed multiple ASSR source interactions that were broadly distributed across brain regions. Schizophrenia patients showed distinct, hierarchically sequenced connectivity abnormalities. During the response onset interval, patients exhibited abnormal increased connectivity from the inferior frontal gyrus to the superior temporal gyrus, followed by decreased connectivity from the superior temporal to the middle cingulate gyrus. In the later portion of the ASSR response (300-500 ms), patients showed significantly increased connectivity from the superior temporal to the middle frontal gyrus followed by decreased connectivity from the left superior frontal gyrus to the right superior and middle frontal gyri. These findings highlight both the orchestration of distributed multiple sources in response to simple gamma-frequency stimulation in healthy subjects as well as the patterns of deficits in the generation and maintenance of gamma-band oscillations across the temporo-frontal sources in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0559, USA.
| | - Yash B. Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Juan L. Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - David L. Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Neal R. Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA
| | - Gregory A. Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11040414. [PMID: 33806170 PMCID: PMC8103241 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural oscillations are repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous systems. Oscillations of the neurons in different frequency bands are evident in electroencephalograms and local field potential measurements. These oscillations are understood to be one of the key mechanisms for carrying out normal functioning of the brain. Abnormality in any of these frequency bands of oscillations can lead to impairments in different cognitive and memory functions leading to different pathological conditions of the nervous system. However, the exact role of these neural oscillations in establishing various brain functions is still under investigation. Closed loop deep brain stimulation paradigms with neural oscillations as biomarkers could be used as a mechanism to understand the function of these oscillations. For making use of the neural oscillations as biomarkers to manipulate the frequency band of the oscillation, phase of the oscillation, and stimulation signal are of importance. This paper reviews recent trends in deep brain stimulation systems and their non-invasive counterparts, in the use of phase specific stimulation to manipulate individual neural oscillations. In particular, the paper reviews the methods adopted in different brain stimulation systems and devices for stimulating at a definite phase to further optimize closed loop brain stimulation strategies.
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Jones ZB, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhou Y. Inhibition of 14-3-3 Proteins Alters Neural Oscillations in Mice. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:647856. [PMID: 33776658 PMCID: PMC7994333 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.647856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a disorder of the brain’s communication, a result of functional and structural dysconnectivities. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit irregular neuronal circuit and network activity, but the causes and consequences of such activity remain largely unknown. Inhibition of 14-3-3 proteins in the mouse brain leads to the expression of multiple schizophrenia endophenotypes. Here we investigated how 14-3-3 inhibition alters neuronal network activity in the mouse hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), key brain regions implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. We implanted monopolar recording electrodes in these two regions to record local field potentials both at rest and during a cognitive task. Through our assessment of band power, coherence, and phase-amplitude coupling, we found that neural oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency ranges were altered as a result of 14-3-3 dysfunction. Utilizing transgenic and viral mouse models to assess the effects of chronic and acute 14-3-3 inhibition on oscillatory activities, respectively, we observed several fundamental similarities and differences between the two models. We localized viral mediated 14-3-3 protein inhibition to either the HPC or PFC, allowing us to assess the individual contributions of each region to the observed changes in neural oscillations. These findings identify a novel role of 14-3-3 proteins in neural oscillations that may have implications for our understanding of schizophrenia neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary B Jones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Parciauskaite V, Bjekic J, Griskova-Bulanova I. Gamma-Range Auditory Steady-State Responses and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:217. [PMID: 33579014 PMCID: PMC7916793 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a result of entrainment of the brain's oscillatory activity to the frequency and phase of temporally modulated stimuli. Gamma-range ASSRs are utilized to observe the dysfunctions of brain-synchronization abilities in neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders with cognitive symptoms. However, the link between gamma-range ASSRs and cognitive functioning is not clear. We systematically reviewed existing findings on the associations between gamma-range ASSRs and cognitive functions in patients with neuropsychiatric or developmental disorders and healthy subjects. The literature search yielded 1597 articles. After excluding duplicates and assessing eligibility, 22 articles were included. In healthy participants, the gamma-range ASSR was related to cognitive flexibility and reasoning as measured by complex tasks and behavioral indicators of processing speed. In patients with schizophrenia, the studies that reported correlations found a higher ASSR to be accompanied by better performance on short-term memory tasks, long-term/semantic memory, and simple speeded tasks. The main findings indicate that individual differences in the gamma-range ASSR reflect the level of attentional control and the ability to temporary store and manipulate the information, which are necessary for a wide range of complex cognitive activities, including language, in both healthy and impaired populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vykinta Parciauskaite
- Life Sciences Centre, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Jovana Bjekic
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Inga Griskova-Bulanova
- Life Sciences Centre, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Kaminski J, Mascarell-Maricic L, Fukuda Y, Katthagen T, Heinz A, Schlagenhauf F. Glutamate in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:270-277. [PMID: 33129486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there is no systematic overview of glutamate in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of patients with schizophrenia. Here, we meta-analyzed case-control studies of high-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) investigating glutamate in DLPFC. Additionally, we estimated variance ratios to investigate homo/heterogeneity. METHODS Preregistration of the study was performed on September 20, 2019. The predefined literature search on PubMed comprised articles with search terms (magnetic resonance spectroscopy OR MRS) AND (glutamate OR glut∗ OR GLX) AND (schizophrenia OR psychosis OR schizophren∗). Meta-analyses with a fixed- and random-effects model with inverse variance method, DerSimonian-Laird estimator for τ2, and Cohen's d were calculated. For differences in variability, we calculated a random-effects model for measures of variance ratios. The primary study outcome was the difference in glutamate in the DLPFC in cases versus controls. Secondary outcomes were differences in variability. RESULTS The quantitative analysis comprised 429 cases and 365 controls. Overall, we found no group difference (d = 0.03 [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.20 to 0.26], z = 0.28, p = .78). Sensitivity analysis revealed an effect for medication status (Q = 8.35, p = .039), i.e., increased glutamate in antipsychotic-naïve patients (d = 0.46 [95% CI, 0.08 to 0.84], z = 2.37, p = .018). Concerning variance ratios, we found an effect of medication status (Q = 16.95, p < .001) due to lower coefficient of variation ratio (CVR) in medication-naïve patients (logCVR = -0.49 [95% CI, -0.78 to -0.20], z = -3.33, p < .001). In studies with medicated patients, we found higher CVR (logCVR = 0.22 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.39], z = 2.67; p = .008). CONCLUSIONS We carefully interpret the higher levels and lower variability in cortical glutamate in antipsychotic-naïve patients as a possible key factor resulting from a putative allostatic mechanism. We conclude that care has to be taken when evaluating metabolite levels in clinical samples in which medication might confound findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Kaminski
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lea Mascarell-Maricic
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Fukuda
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Katthagen
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Schlagenhauf
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science, Leipzig, Germany
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Curic S, Andreou C, Nolte G, Steinmann S, Thiebes S, Polomac N, Haaf M, Rauh J, Leicht G, Mulert C. Ketamine Alters Functional Gamma and Theta Resting-State Connectivity in Healthy Humans: Implications for Schizophrenia Treatment Targeting the Glutamate System. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:671007. [PMID: 34177660 PMCID: PMC8222814 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.671007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbed functional connectivity is assumed to cause neurocognitive deficits in patients suffering from schizophrenia. A Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction has been suggested as a possible mechanism underlying altered connectivity in schizophrenia, especially in the gamma- and theta-frequency range. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the NMDAR-antagonist ketamine on resting-state power, functional connectivity, and schizophrenia-like psychopathological changes in healthy volunteers. In a placebo-controlled crossover design, 25 healthy subjects were recorded using resting-state 64-channel-electroencephalography (EEG) (eyes closed). The imaginary coherence-based Multivariate Interaction Measure (MIM) was used to measure gamma and theta connectivity across 80 cortical regions. The network-based statistic was applied to identify involved networks under ketamine. Psychopathology was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC). Ketamine caused an increase in all PANSS (p < 0.001) as well as 5D-ASC scores (p < 0.01). Significant increases in resting-state gamma and theta power were observed under ketamine compared to placebo (p < 0.05). The source-space analysis revealed two distinct networks with an increased mean functional gamma- or theta-band connectivity during the ketamine session. The gamma-network consisted of midline regions, the cuneus, the precuneus, and the bilateral posterior cingulate cortices, while the theta-band network involved the Heschl gyrus, midline regions, the insula, and the middle cingulate cortex. The current source density (CSD) within the gamma-band correlated negatively with the PANSS negative symptom score, and the activity within the gamma-band network correlated negatively with the subjective changed meaning of percepts subscale of the 5D-ASC. These results are in line with resting-state patterns seen in people who have schizophrenia and argue for a crucial role of the glutamate system in mediating dysfunctional gamma- and theta-band-connectivity in schizophrenia. Resting-state networks could serve as biomarkers for the response to glutamatergic drugs or drug development efforts within the glutamate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stjepan Curic
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Andreou
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Translational Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Guido Nolte
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Thiebes
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nenad Polomac
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Haaf
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Centre for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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45
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Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Parkinson’s Disease from EEG Analysis: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is mainly based on motor symptoms and can be supported by imaging techniques such as the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or M-iodobenzyl-guanidine cardiac scintiscan (MIBG), which are expensive and not always available. In this review, we analyzed studies that used machine learning (ML) techniques to diagnose PD through resting state or motor activation electroencephalography (EEG) tests. Methods: The review process was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. All publications previous to May 2020 were included, and their main characteristics and results were assessed and documented. Results: Nine studies were included. Seven used resting state EEG and two motor activation EEG. Subsymbolic models were used in 83.3% of studies. The accuracy for PD classification was 62–99.62%. There was no standard cleaning protocol for the EEG and a great heterogeneity in the characteristics that were extracted from the EEG. However, spectral characteristics predominated. Conclusions: Both the features introduced into the model and its architecture were essential for a good performance in predicting the classification. On the contrary, the cleaning protocol of the EEG, is highly heterogeneous among the different studies and did not influence the results. The use of ML techniques in EEG for neurodegenerative disorders classification is a recent and growing field.
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Alamian G, Pascarella A, Lajnef T, Knight L, Walters J, Singh KD, Jerbi K. Patient, interrupted: MEG oscillation dynamics reveal temporal dysconnectivity in schizophrenia. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102485. [PMID: 33395976 PMCID: PMC7691748 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current theories of schizophrenia emphasize the role of altered information integration as the core dysfunction of this illness. While ample neuroimaging evidence for such accounts comes from investigations of spatial connectivity, understanding temporal disruptions is important to fully capture the essence of dysconnectivity in schizophrenia. Recent electrophysiology studies suggest that long-range temporal correlation (LRTC) in the amplitude dynamics of neural oscillations captures the integrity of transferred information in the healthy brain. Thus, in this study, 25 schizophrenia patients and 25 controls (8 females/group) were recorded during two five-minutes of resting-state magnetoencephalography (once with eyes-open and once with eyes-closed). We used source-level analyses to investigate temporal dysconnectivity in patients by characterizing LRTCs across cortical and sub-cortical brain regions. In addition to standard statistical assessments, we applied a machine learning framework using support vector machine to evaluate the discriminative power of LRTCs in identifying patients from healthy controls. We found that neural oscillations in schizophrenia patients were characterized by reduced signal memory and higher variability across time, as evidenced by cortical and subcortical attenuations of LRTCs in the alpha and beta frequency bands. Support vector machine significantly classified participants using LRTCs in key limbic and paralimbic brain areas, with decoding accuracy reaching 82%. Importantly, these brain regions belong to networks that are highly relevant to the symptomology of schizophrenia. These findings thus posit temporal dysconnectivity as a hallmark of altered information processing in schizophrenia, and help advance our understanding of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Alamian
- CoCo Lab, Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada.
| | | | - Tarek Lajnef
- CoCo Lab, Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Laura Knight
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - James Walters
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Krish D Singh
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Karim Jerbi
- CoCo Lab, Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada; MEG Center, University of Montreal, Canada; UNIQUE Centre (Unifying AI and Neuroscience - Québec), Quebec, Canada; Mila (Quebec AI Institute), Montreal, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Nasal respiration is necessary for ketamine-dependent high frequency network oscillations and behavioral hyperactivity in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18981. [PMID: 33149202 PMCID: PMC7642442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in oscillatory activity are widely reported after subanesthetic ketamine, however their mechanisms of generation are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that nasal respiration underlies the emergence of high-frequency oscillations (130–180 Hz, HFO) and behavioral activation after ketamine in freely moving rats. We found ketamine 20 mg/kg provoked “fast” theta sniffing in rodents which correlated with increased locomotor activity and HFO power in the OB. Bursts of ketamine-dependent HFO were coupled to “fast” theta frequency sniffing. Theta coupling of HFO bursts were also found in the prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum which, although of smaller amplitude, were coherent with OB activity. Haloperidol 1 mg/kg pretreatment prevented ketamine-dependent increases in fast sniffing and instead HFO coupling to slower basal respiration. Consistent with ketamine-dependent HFO being driven by nasal respiration, unilateral naris blockade led to an ipsilateral reduction in ketamine-dependent HFO power compared to the control side. Bilateral nares blockade reduced ketamine-induced hyperactivity and HFO power and frequency. These findings suggest that nasal airflow entrains ketamine-dependent HFO in diverse brain regions, and that the OB plays an important role in the broadcast of this rhythm.
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48
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Pal A, Behari M, Goyal V, Sharma R. Study of EEG microstates in Parkinson's disease: a potential biomarker? Cogn Neurodyn 2020; 15:463-471. [PMID: 34040672 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-020-09643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous activity of the brain is dynamic even at rest and the deviation from this normal pattern of dynamics can lead to different pathological states. EEG microstate analysis of resting-state neuronal activity in Parkinson's disease (PD) could provide insight into altered brain dynamics of patients exhibiting dementia. Resting-state EEG microstate maps were derived from 128 channel EEG data in 20 PD without dementia (PDND), 18 PD with dementia (PDD) and 20 Healthy controls (CON) using Cartool and sLORETA softwares. Microstate map parameters including global explained variance, mean duration, frequency of occurrence (TF) and time coverage were compared statistically among the groups. Eight maps that explained 72% of the topographic variance were identified and only three maps differed significantly across the groups. TF of Map1 was lower in both PDND and PDD (p < 0.001) and that of Map3 (p = 0.02) in PDND compared to control. Cortical sources showed higher activation in precuneus, cuneus and superior parietal lobe (Threshold: Log-F = 1.74, p < 0.05) with maximum activity in the precuneus region (MNI co-ordinates: - 25, - 75, - 40; Log-F = 1.9) in PDND compared to control only for Map1. Lower TF of Map1 (prototypical microstate D) may potentially serve as a biomarker for PD with or without dementia whereas higher activation of precuneus, cuneus and superior parietal lobe at resting-state could favour signal processing, lack of which could be associated with dementia in Parkinson's disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pal
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Madhuri Behari
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Vinay Goyal
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Ratna Sharma
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
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Mostame P, Sadaghiani S. Phase- and amplitude-coupling are tied by an intrinsic spatial organization but show divergent stimulus-related changes. Neuroimage 2020; 219:117051. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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50
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Isaacs D, Riordan H. Sensory hypersensitivity in Tourette syndrome: A review. Brain Dev 2020; 42:627-638. [PMID: 32600840 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by tics, but most patients also experience bothersome sensory phenomena, in the form of premonitory urges and/or sensory hypersensitivity. Whereas premonitory urges are temporally paired with tics, sensory hypersensitivity is a constant, heightened awareness of external and/or internal stimuli. The intensity of sensory hypersensitivity does not strongly correlate with the severity of tics or premonitory urges, suggesting it is a dissociable clinical phenomenon. At least 80% of TS patients report subjectively enhanced perception of various sensory stimuli. These same patients demonstrate normal static detection thresholds. However, individuals with TS habituate abnormally to repetitive stimuli, indicating incapacity to appropriately filter redundant sensory input, i.e. impaired sensory gating. Physiologic support for this hypothesis is provided by abnormal pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) and event-related potential (ERP) investigations. Preclinical data implicates parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneuron dysfunction in altered sensory gating in TS and other neurodevelopment disorders. Studies probing TS sensory hypersensitivity must methodically account for comorbid psychiatric conditions, namely obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as these entities appear to involve pathophysiologic processes shared with TS. The presence of psychiatric comorbidities in TS is associated with even more profound sensory processing dysfunction. A deepened understanding of TS sensory hypersensitivity will afford novel insights into disease mechanisms, clinical phenotype, and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Isaacs
- Department of Neurology, Division of Movement Disorders, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Heather Riordan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, United States
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