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Baset A, Huang F. Shedding light on subiculum's role in human brain disorders. Brain Res Bull 2024; 214:110993. [PMID: 38825254 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Subiculum is a pivotal output component of the hippocampal formation, a structure often overlooked in neuroscientific research. Here, this review aims to explore the role of the subiculum in various brain disorders, shedding light on its significance within the functional-neuroanatomical perspective on neurological diseases. The subiculum's involvement in multiple brain disorders was thoroughly examined. In Alzheimer's disease, subiculum alterations precede cognitive decline, while in epilepsy, the subiculum plays a critical role in seizure initiation. Stress involves the subiculum's impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Moreover, the subiculum exhibits structural and functional changes in anxiety, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease, contributing to cognitive deficits. Bipolar disorder is linked to subiculum structural abnormalities, while autism spectrum disorder reveals an alteration of inward deformation in the subiculum. Lastly, frontotemporal dementia shows volumetric differences in the subiculum, emphasizing its contribution to the disorder's complexity. Taken together, this review consolidates existing knowledge on the subiculum's role in brain disorders, and may facilitate future research, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Baset
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Fengwen Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Arraes GC, Barreto FS, Vasconcelos GS, Lima CNDC, da Silva FER, Ribeiro WLC, de Sousa FCF, Furtado CLM, Macêdo DS. Long-term Environmental Enrichment Normalizes Schizophrenia-like Abnormalities and Promotes Hippocampal Slc6a4 Promoter Demethylation in Mice Submitted to a Two-hit Model. Neuroscience 2024; 551:205-216. [PMID: 38843988 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Here, we explored the impact of prolonged environmental enrichment (EE) on behavioral, neurochemical, and epigenetic changes in the serotonin transporter gene in mice subjected to a two-hit schizophrenia model. The methodology involved administering the viral mimetic PolyI:C to neonatal Swiss mice as a first hit during postnatal days (PND) 5-7, or a sterile saline solution as a control. At PND21, mice were randomly assigned either to standard environment (SE) or EE housing conditions. Between PND35-44, the PolyI:C-treated group was submitted to various unpredictable stressors, constituting the second hit. Behavioral assessments were conducted on PND70, immediately after the final EE exposure. Following the completion of behavioral assessments, we evaluated the expression of proteins in the hippocampus that are indicative of microglial activation, such as Iba-1, as well as related to neurogenesis, including doublecortin (Dcx). We also performed methylation analysis on the serotonin transporter gene (Slc6a4) to investigate alterations in serotonin signaling. The findings revealed that EE for 50 days mitigated sensorimotor gating deficits and working memory impairments in two-hit mice and enhanced their locomotor and exploratory behaviors. EE also normalized the overexpression of hippocampal Iba-1 and increased the expression of hippocampal Dcx. Additionally, we observed hippocampal demethylation of the Slc6a4 gene in the EE-exposed two-hit group, indicating epigenetic reprogramming. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the protective effects of long-term EE in counteracting behavioral disruptions caused by the two-hit schizophrenia model, pointing to enhanced neurogenesis, diminished microglial activation, and epigenetic modifications of serotonergic pathways as underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greicy Coelho Arraes
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center (Unichristus-CE), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Stefânio Barreto
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Germana Silva Vasconcelos
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Camila Nayane de Carvalho Lima
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Francisco Eliclécio Rodrigues da Silva
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Experimental Biology Center - NUBEX, University of Fortaleza, UNIFOR, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Macêdo
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM. CNPq), Brazil.
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Zawadzki JA, Girard TA, Samsom J, Foussias G, Siddiqui I, Lerch JP, Grady C, Wong AHC. Excessive left anterior hippocampal and caudate activation in schizophrenia underlie cognitive underperformance in a virtual navigation task. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 341:111826. [PMID: 38735228 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
We used a virtual navigation paradigm in a city environment to assess neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). We studied a total of N = 36 subjects: 18 with SSD and 18 matched unaffected controls. Participants completed 10 rapid, single-trial navigation tasks within the virtual city while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). All trials tested ability to find different targets seen earlier, during the passive viewing of a path around different city blocks. SSD patients had difficulty finding previously-encountered targets, were less likely to find novel shortcuts to targets, and more likely to attempt retracing of the path observed during passive viewing. Based on a priori region-of-interest analyses, SSD participants had hyperactivation of the left hippocampus when passively viewing turns, hyperactivation of the left caudate when finding targets, and hypoactivation of a focal area of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when targets were initially shown during passive viewing. We propose that these brain-behaviour relations may bias or reinforce stimulus-response navigation approaches in SSD and underlie impaired performance when allocentric spatial memory is required, such as when forming efficient shortcuts. This pattern may extend to more general cognitive impairments in SSD that could be used to design remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Zawadzki
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Todd A Girard
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James Samsom
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - George Foussias
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ishraq Siddiqui
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl Grady
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Albert H C Wong
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Liou YJ, Liu MN, Yang KC, Hu LY, Hsieh WC, Chou YH. Hippocampal subfields in remitted schizophrenia. J Chin Med Assoc 2024; 87:627-634. [PMID: 38656303 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence of volume changes in hippocampal subdivisions in schizophrenia remains inconsistent, and few studies have investigated the relationship between regional hippocampal volumes and symptom remission. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 31 patients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls (HCs). Symptomatic remission in schizophrenia was determined according to Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria. The volumes of hippocampal longitudinal subregions and transverse subfields were measured using manual and automatic techniques, respectively. Between-group regional hippocampal volume differences were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance followed by univariate analysis of covariance. RESULTS Compared with the HCs, the patients with schizophrenia had smaller bilateral heads and tails along the longitudinal axis; they also had reduced volumes of the bilateral CA1, CA3, CA4, GC-ML-DG, molecular layer, tail, left subiculum, left HATA, and right parasubiculum along the transverse axis in the hippocampus (all corrected p < 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the HCs and patients with remitted schizophrenia, the patients with nonremitted schizophrenia had smaller bilateral hippocampal tail subfields (corrected p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that the pathophysiology and symptomatic remission of schizophrenia are related to changes in the volumes of hippocampal subdivisions. These volume changes might be clinically relevant as biomarkers for schizophrenia identification and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jay Liou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mu-N Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Chun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Yu Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chi Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Hwa Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, ROC
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Romeo B, Mazari A, Ali-Diabacte H, Lestra V, Martelli C, Benyamina A, Hamdani N. White blood cells and patients with psychiatric disorders needing seclusion: A retrospective non-interventional study. L'ENCEPHALE 2024; 50:241-246. [PMID: 37088578 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the peripheral immunological markers using leucocyte count, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in patients with aggressive behavior, during and after seclusion. METHODS Ninety-nine inpatients were included in this retrospective study. Leucocyte count was measured, and NLR, PLR and MLR were calculated and compared between a group of patients who required seclusion and a group who did not. A multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression, including confounding factors such as age, gender, medication, BMI, smoking status and diagnosis. RESULTS We found the lowest levels of lymphocytes (P=0.01) and basophils (P<0.01) and the highest NLR (P=0.02) and MLR (P=0.04) in the seclusion group. We also found a restoration of these parameters after the end of the seclusion period. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the PANSS negative subscore, and PLR (P=0.05), or MLR (P=0.03) after seclusion, and between the MLR variation across the seclusion period and the PANSS general subscore after the end of seclusion (P=0.04). CONCLUSION This study shows that NLR and MPR are higher in patients with aggressive symptoms and/or agitation who require seclusion. These immunological markers could be considered as state markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Romeo
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - Assia Mazari
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Husen Ali-Diabacte
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Valentine Lestra
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Martelli
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1299, Research unit, NeuroImaging and Psychiatry, Paris Sud University- Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, Digiteo Labs, bâtiment 660, Gif-sur- Yvette, France
| | - Amine Benyamina
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12, avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Nora Hamdani
- Unité de recherche UR psychiatrie-comorbidités-addictions PSYCOMADD, université Paris Saclay, Paris, France; Cédiapsy, 87, rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris, France
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Romeo B, Lestra V, Martelli C, Amirouche A, Benyamina A, Hamdani N. Increased markers of inflammation after cannabis cessation and their association with psychotic symptoms. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:118-127. [PMID: 37114467 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A dysbalance of the immune system in psychotic disorders has been well investigated. However, despite a higher prevalence of cannabis (THC) consumption in patients with psychosis, few studies have investigated the impact of this use on inflammatory markers. METHODS One hundred and two inpatients were included in this retrospective study. Leukocytic formula, hsCRP, fibrinogen levels and urinary THC were measured, and comparisons were performed at baseline and after 4 weeks of cannabis cessation between cannabis users (THC+) and non-users (THC-). RESULTS After cannabis cessation, we found a greater increase in leucocyte level (p < 0.01), monocyte level (p = 0.05) and a statistical trend to a highest increase of lymphocyte level (p = 0.06) between baseline and 4 weeks in the THC+ group as compared to the THC- group. At 4 weeks, highest leucocyte (p = 0.03), lymphocyte (p = 0.04) and monocyte (p < 0.01) counts were found in the THC+ group, whereas at baseline no difference was found. A positive correlation was found between monocyte count at 4 weeks and baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative subscore (p = 0.045) and between the variation of monocyte count between baseline and 4 weeks and the PANSS total score at 4 weeks (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION THC cessation is associated with an increase in inflammatory markers, including white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte levels, which correlates with symptomatology of patients with psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Romeo
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Unité de recherche UR Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions PSYCOMADD Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Valentine Lestra
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Martelli
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Unité de recherche UR Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions PSYCOMADD Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299, Research Unit, NeuroImaging and Psychiatry, Paris Sud University- Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, Digiteo Labs, Bâtiment 660, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ammar Amirouche
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Unité de recherche UR Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions PSYCOMADD Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Amine Benyamina
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Unité de recherche UR Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions PSYCOMADD Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Nora Hamdani
- Unité de recherche UR Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions PSYCOMADD Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Cédiapsy, 87 rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris, France
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Mann LG, Claassen DO. Mesial temporal dopamine: From biology to behaviour. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1141-1152. [PMID: 38057945 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
While colloquially recognized for its role in pleasure, reward, and affect, dopamine is also necessary for proficient action control. Many motor studies focus on dopaminergic transmission along the nigrostriatal pathway, using Parkinson's disease as a model of a dorsal striatal lesion. Less attention to the mesolimbic pathway and its role in motor control has led to an important question related to the limbic-motor network. Indeed, secondary targets of the mesolimbic pathway include the hippocampus and amygdala, and these are linked to the motor cortex through the substantia nigra and thalamus. The modulatory impact of dopamine in the hippocampus and amygdala in humans is a focus of current investigations. This review explores dopaminergic activity in the mesial temporal lobe by summarizing dopaminergic networks and transmission in these regions and examining their role in behaviour and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah G Mann
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel O Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Su Y, Pan X, Li H, Zhang G. Effects of mind-body therapies on schizophrenia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:236-247. [PMID: 38185028 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different mind-body therapies in reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia. METHODS A systematic search was performed using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of mind-body therapies on patients with schizophrenia were included. The search covered the period between the inception of each database and November 17th, 2022. The methodological quality of the trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of various mind-body therapies, including Yoga, Mindfulness, Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Yijinjing. RESULTS The analysis included 22 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 2064 subjects. The network meta-analysis revealed that Yoga and Mindfulness interventions were more effective than other mind-body therapies in reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia. Specifically, Yoga improved PANSS-positive symptom scores (SUCRA: 74.8 %) and PANSS-negative symptom scores (SUCRA: 80.4 %), whereas Mindfulness improved PANSS-positive symptom scores (SUCRA: 85.6 %). CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that Yoga may be a promising intervention for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the small sample size and the low quality of the included studies have limited the generalizability of our findings Therefore, this study must be understood with caution, and further investigation is warranted when more relevant studies emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Su
- Institute of Sport Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; College of Physical Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- Institute of Sport Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hansen Li
- Institute of Sport Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Institute of Sport Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Gillespie B, Panthi S, Sundram S, Hill RA. The impact of maternal immune activation on GABAergic interneuron development: A systematic review of rodent studies and their translational implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105488. [PMID: 38042358 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Mothers exposed to infections during pregnancy disproportionally birth children who develop autism and schizophrenia, disorders associated with altered GABAergic function. The maternal immune activation (MIA) model recapitulates this risk factor, with many studies also reporting disruptions to GABAergic interneuron expression, protein, cellular density and function. However, it is unclear if there are species, sex, age, region, or GABAergic subtype specific vulnerabilities to MIA. Furthermore, to fully comprehend the impact of MIA on the GABAergic system a synthesised account of molecular, cellular, electrophysiological and behavioural findings was required. To this end we conducted a systematic review of GABAergic interneuron changes in the MIA model, focusing on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We reviewed 102 articles that revealed robust changes in a number of GABAergic markers that present as gestationally-specific, region-specific and sometimes sex-specific. Disruptions to GABAergic markers coincided with distinct behavioural phenotypes, including memory, sensorimotor gating, anxiety, and sociability. Findings suggest the MIA model is a valid tool for testing novel therapeutics designed to recover GABAergic function and associated behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Sandesh Panthi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Rachel A Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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Chopra S, Segal A, Oldham S, Holmes A, Sabaroedin K, Orchard ER, Francey SM, O’Donoghue B, Cropley V, Nelson B, Graham J, Baldwin L, Tiego J, Yuen HP, Allott K, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Harrigan S, Fulcher BD, Aquino K, Pantelis C, Wood SJ, Bellgrove M, McGorry PD, Fornito A. Network-Based Spreading of Gray Matter Changes Across Different Stages of Psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry 2023; 80:1246-1257. [PMID: 37728918 PMCID: PMC10512169 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Importance Psychotic illness is associated with anatomically distributed gray matter reductions that can worsen with illness progression, but the mechanisms underlying the specific spatial patterning of these changes is unknown. Objective To test the hypothesis that brain network architecture constrains cross-sectional and longitudinal gray matter alterations across different stages of psychotic illness and to identify whether certain brain regions act as putative epicenters from which volume loss spreads. Design, Settings, and Participants This case-control study included 534 individuals from 4 cohorts, spanning early and late stages of psychotic illness. Early-stage cohorts included patients with antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis (n = 59) and a group of patients receiving medications within 3 years of psychosis onset (n = 121). Late-stage cohorts comprised 2 independent samples of people with established schizophrenia (n = 136). Each patient group had a corresponding matched control group (n = 218). A sample of healthy adults (n = 356) was used to derive representative structural and functional brain networks for modeling of network-based spreading processes. Longitudinal illness-related and antipsychotic-related gray matter changes over 3 and 12 months were examined using a triple-blind randomized placebo-control magnetic resonance imaging study of the antipsychotic-naive patients. All data were collected between April 29, 2008, and January 15, 2020, and analyses were performed between March 1, 2021, and January 14, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Coordinated deformation models were used to estimate the extent of gray matter volume (GMV) change in each of 332 parcellated areas by the volume changes observed in areas to which they were structurally or functionally coupled. To identify putative epicenters of volume loss, a network diffusion model was used to simulate the spread of pathology from different seed regions. Correlations between estimated and empirical spatial patterns of GMV alterations were used to quantify model performance. Results Of 534 included individuals, 354 (66.3%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 28.4 (7.4) years. In both early and late stages of illness, spatial patterns of cross-sectional volume differences between patients and controls were more accurately estimated by coordinated deformation models constrained by structural, rather than functional, network architecture (r range, >0.46 to <0.57; P < .01). The same model also robustly estimated longitudinal volume changes related to illness (r ≥ 0.52; P < .001) and antipsychotic exposure (r ≥ 0.50; P < .004). Network diffusion modeling consistently identified, across all 4 data sets, the anterior hippocampus as a putative epicenter of pathological spread in psychosis. Epicenters of longitudinal GMV loss were apparent in posterior cortex early in the illness and shifted to the prefrontal cortex with illness progression. Conclusion and Relevance These findings highlight a central role for white matter fibers as conduits for the spread of pathology across different stages of psychotic illness, mirroring findings reported in neurodegenerative conditions. The structural connectome thus represents a fundamental constraint on brain changes in psychosis, regardless of whether these changes are caused by illness or medication. Moreover, the anterior hippocampus represents a putative epicenter of early brain pathology from which dysfunction may spread to affect connected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhant Chopra
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ashlea Segal
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart Oldham
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander Holmes
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristina Sabaroedin
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Edwina R. Orchard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Child Study Centre, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shona M. Francey
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brian O’Donoghue
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Graham
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lara Baldwin
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeggan Tiego
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hok Pan Yuen
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susy Harrigan
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australian
| | - Ben D. Fulcher
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kevin Aquino
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Complex Systems, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Western Health Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Wood
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick D. McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Niihori M, Földes T, Readman CA, Arul R, Grys DB, Nijs BD, Rosta E, Baumberg JJ. SERS Sensing of Dopamine with Fe(III)-Sensitized Nanogaps in Recleanable AuNP Monolayer Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302531. [PMID: 37605460 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Sensing of neurotransmitters (NTs) down to nm concentrations is demonstrated by utilizing self-assembled monolayers of plasmonic 60 nm Au nanoparticles in close-packed arrays immobilized onto glass substrates. Multiplicative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancements are achieved by integrating Fe(III) sensitizers into the precisely-defined <1 nm nanogaps, to target dopamine (DA) sensing. The transparent glass substrates allow for efficient access from both sides of the monolayer aggregate films by fluid and light, allowing repeated sensing in different analytes. Repeated reusability after analyte sensing is shown through oxygen plasma cleaning protocols, which restore pristine conditions for the nanogaps. Examining binding competition in multiplexed sensing of two catecholamine NTs, DA and epinephrine, reveals their bidentate binding and their interactions. These systems are promising for widespread microfluidic integration enabling a wide range of continuous biofluid monitoring for applications in precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Niihori
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Charlie A Readman
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Rakesh Arul
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - David-Benjamin Grys
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB3 0HE, UK
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12
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Alexandros Lalousis P, Schmaal L, Wood SJ, L E P Reniers R, Cropley VL, Watson A, Pantelis C, Suckling J, Barnes NM, Pariante C, Jones PB, Joyce E, Barnes TRE, Lawrie SM, Husain N, Dazzan P, Deakin B, Shannon Weickert C, Upthegrove R. Inflammatory subgroups of schizophrenia and their association with brain structure: A semi-supervised machine learning examination of heterogeneity. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:166-175. [PMID: 37423513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune system dysfunction is hypothesised to contribute to structural brain changes through aberrant synaptic pruning in schizophrenia. However, evidence is mixed and there is a lack of evidence of inflammation and its effect on grey matter volume (GMV) in patients. We hypothesised that inflammatory subgroups can be identified and that the subgroups will show distinct neuroanatomical and neurocognitive profiles. METHODS The total sample consisted of 1067 participants (chronic patients with schizophrenia n = 467 and healthy controls (HCs) n = 600) from the Australia Schizophrenia Research Bank (ASRB) dataset, together with 218 recent-onset patients with schizophrenia from the external Benefit of Minocycline on Negative Symptoms of Psychosis: Extent and Mechanism (BeneMin) dataset. HYDRA (HeterogeneitY through DiscRiminant Analysis) was used to separate schizophrenia from HC and define disease-related subgroups based on inflammatory markers. Voxel-based morphometry and inferential statistics were used to explore GMV alterations and neurocognitive deficits in these subgroups. RESULTS An optimal clustering solution revealed five main schizophrenia groups separable from HC: Low Inflammation, Elevated CRP, Elevated IL-6/IL-8, Elevated IFN-γ, and Elevated IL-10 with an adjusted Rand index of 0.573. When compared with the healthy controls, the IL-6/IL-8 cluster showed the most widespread, including the anterior cingulate, GMV reduction. The IFN-γ inflammation cluster showed the least GMV reduction and impairment of cognitive performance. The CRP and the Low Inflammation clusters dominated in the younger external dataset. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation in schizophrenia may not be merely a case of low vs high, but rather there are pluripotent, heterogeneous mechanisms at play which could be reliably identified based on accessible, peripheral measures. This could inform the successful development of targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Alexandros Lalousis
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stephen J Wood
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Renate L E P Reniers
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa L Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Watson
- The Department of Clinical and Motor Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; NorthWestern Mental Health, Western Hospital Sunshine, St. Albans, Vicroria, Australia
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas M Barnes
- Institute for Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter B Jones
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Joyce
- The Department of Clinical and Motor Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R E Barnes
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester & Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bill Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Birmingham Early Interventions Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
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13
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Chen EYH, Wong SMY, Tang EYH, Lei LKS, Suen YN, Hui CLM. Spurious Autobiographical Memory of Psychosis: A Mechanistic Hypothesis for the Resolution, Persistence, and Recurrence of Positive Symptoms in Psychotic Disorders. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1069. [PMID: 37509001 PMCID: PMC10376952 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders are complex disorders with multiple etiologies. While increased dopamine synthesis capacity has been proposed to underlie psychotic episodes, dopamine-independent processes are also involved (less responsive to dopamine receptor-blocking medications). The underlying mechanism(s) of the reduction in antipsychotic responsiveness over time, especially after repeated relapses, remain unclear. Despite the consistent evidence of dopamine overactivity and hippocampal volume loss in schizophrenia, few accounts have been provided based on the interactive effect of dopamine on hippocampal synapse plasticity mediating autobiographical memory processes. The present hypothesis builds upon previous works showing the potential effects of dopamine overactivity on hippocampal-mediated neuroplasticity underlying autobiographical memory, alongside known patterns of autobiographical memory dysfunction in psychosis. We propose that spurious autobiographical memory of psychosis (SAMP) produced during active psychosis may be a key mechanism mediating relapses and treatment non-responsiveness. In a hyperdopaminergic state, SAMP is expected to be generated at an increased rate during active psychosis. Similar to other memories, it will undergo assimilation, accommodation, and extinction processes. However, if SAMP fails to integrate with existing memory, a discontinuity in autobiographical memory may result. Inadequate exposure to normalizing experiences and hyposalience due to overmedication or negative symptoms may also impede the resolution of SAMP. Residual SAMP is hypothesized to increase the propensity for relapse and treatment non-responsiveness. Based on recent findings on the role of dopamine in facilitating hippocampal synapse plasticity and autobiographical memory formation, the SAMP hypothesis is consistent with clinical observations of DUP effects, including the repetition of contents in psychotic relapses as well as the emergence of treatment non-responsiveness after repeated relapses. Clinical implications of the hypothesis highlight the importance of minimizing active psychosis, integrating psychosis memory, avoiding over-medication, and fostering normalizing experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephanie M Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Y H Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lauren K S Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Nam Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that has a significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Antipsychotic drugs targeting dopamine transmission alleviate psychotic symptoms but with limited efficacy and tolerability. Animal models have long proven useful for drug discovery. The continued need for new treatment highlights the importance of animal models to study schizophrenia. The lack of new therapeutic compounds combined with the shortcomings of clinical design studies potentially decreased the enthusiasm for animal model use. RECENT FINDINGS In the current review, we discuss the central role of animal models for schizophrenia in providing new insights into neurobiological features and therapeutic development. The US National Institute of Mental Health released the Research Domain Criteria to guide preclinical model studies. Here, we point out the advances of this approach and debate its potential limitations when using animal models to study schizophrenia from the drug discovery perspective. SUMMARY Cross-validated animal models for schizophrenia are crucial to comprehend the cause, pathophysiology, and behavioral and biological features of the disease, to advance prevention and treatment, and the need to carefully evaluate and select appropriate paradigms when investigating novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela L Uliana
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Felipe V Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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A photoelectrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive dopamine detection based on composites of BiOI and Au-Ag nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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16
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Dang X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Luo XJ. Mendelian Randomization Study Using Dopaminergic Neuron-Specific eQTL Identifies Novel Risk Genes for Schizophrenia. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1537-1546. [PMID: 36517655 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple integrative studies have been performed to identify the potential target genes of the non-coding schizophrenia (SCZ) risk variants. However, all the integrative studies used expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from bulk tissues. Considering the cell type-specific regulatory effect of many genetic variants, it is important to conduct integrative studies using cell type-specific eQTL data. Here, we conduct a Mendelian randomization (MR) study by integrating genome-wide associations of SCZ (74,776 cases and 101,023 controls) and eQTL data (N = 215) from dopaminergic neurons, which were differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. For eQTL from young post-mitotic dopaminergic neurons (differentiation of iPSC for 30 days, D30), we identified 34 genes whose genetically regulated expression in dopaminergic neurons may have a causal role in SCZ. Among which, ARL3 showed the most significant associations with SCZ. For eQTL from more mature dopaminergic neurons (D52), we identified 37 potential SCZ causal genes, and ARL3 and GNL3 showed the most significant associations. Only 12 genes showed significant associations with SCZ in both D30 and D52 eQTL datasets, indicating the time point-specific genetic regulatory effects in young post-mitotic dopaminergic neurons and more mature dopaminergic neurons. Comparing the results from dopaminergic neurons with bulk brain tissues prioritized 2 high-confidence risk genes, including DDHD2 and GALNT10. Our study identifies multiple risk genes whose genetically regulated expression in dopaminergic neurons may have a causal role in SCZ. Further mechanistic investigation will provide pivotal insights into SCZ pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Zhongda Hospital, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiong-Jian Luo
- Zhongda Hospital, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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17
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Nath M, Bhardwaj SK, Srivastava LK, Wong TP. Altered excitatory and decreased inhibitory transmission in the prefrontal cortex of male mice with early developmental disruption to the ventral hippocampus. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:865-880. [PMID: 35297476 PMCID: PMC9890473 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventral hippocampal (vHPC)-prefrontal cortical (PFC) pathway dysfunction is a core neuroimaging feature of schizophrenia. However, mechanisms underlying impaired connectivity within this pathway remain poorly understood. The vHPC has direct projections to the PFC that help shape its maturation. Here, we wanted to investigate the effects of early developmental vHPC perturbations on long-term functional PFC organization. Using whole-cell recordings to assess PFC cellular activity in transgenic male mouse lines, we show early developmental disconnection of vHPC inputs, by excitotoxic lesion or cell-specific ablations, impairs pyramidal cell firing output and produces a persistent increase in excitatory and decrease in inhibitory synaptic inputs onto pyramidal cells. We show this effect is specific to excitatory vHPC projection cell ablation. We further identify PV-interneurons as a source of deficit in inhibitory transmission. We find PV-interneurons are reduced in density, show a reduced ability to sustain high-frequency firing, and show deficits in excitatory inputs that emerge over time. We additionally show differences in vulnerabilities to early developmental vHPC disconnection, wherein PFC PV-interneurons but not pyramidal cells show deficits in NMDA receptor-mediated current. Our results highlight mechanisms by which the PFC adapts to early developmental vHPC perturbations, providing insights into schizophrenia circuit pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushumi Nath
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.,Basic Neuroscience Division, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Sanjeev K Bhardwaj
- Basic Neuroscience Division, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Lalit K Srivastava
- Basic Neuroscience Division, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Tak Pan Wong
- Basic Neuroscience Division, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
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18
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Hegarty CE, Ianni AM, Kohn PD, Kolachana B, Gregory M, Masdeu JC, Eisenberg DP, Berman KF. Polymorphism in the ZNF804A Gene and Variation in D 1 and D 2/D 3 Dopamine Receptor Availability in the Healthy Human Brain: A Dual Positron Emission Tomography Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:121-128. [PMID: 33712377 PMCID: PMC10501410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rs1344706 single nucleotide polymorphism in the ZNF804A gene has been associated with risk for psychosis in multiple genome-wide association studies, yet mechanisms underlying this association are not known. Given preclinical work suggesting an impact of ZNF804A on dopamine receptor gene transcription and clinical studies establishing dopaminergic dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia, we hypothesized that the ZNF804A risk single nucleotide polymorphism would be associated with variation in dopamine receptor availability in the human brain. METHODS In this study, 72 healthy individuals genotyped for rs1344706 completed both [18F]fallypride and [11C]NNC-112 positron emission tomography scans to measure D2/D3 and D1 receptor availability, respectively. Genetic effects on estimates of binding potential for each ligand were tested first with canonical subject-specific striatal regions of interest analyses, followed by exploratory whole-brain voxelwise analyses to test for more localized striatal signals and for extrastriatal effects. RESULTS Region of interest analyses revealed significantly less D2/D3 receptor availability in risk-allele homozygotes (TT) compared with non-risk allele carriers (G-allele carrier group: TG and GG) in the associative striatum and sensorimotor striatum, but no significant differences in striatal D1 receptor availability. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that ZNF804A genotype may be meaningfully linked to dopaminergic function in the human brain. The results also may provide information to guide future studies of ZNF804A-related mechanisms of schizophrenia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Hegarty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Angela M Ianni
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip D Kohn
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bhaskar Kolachana
- Human Brain Collection Core, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael Gregory
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph C Masdeu
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel P Eisenberg
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
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19
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Hippocampal Changes Elicited by Metabolic and Inflammatory Stressors following Prenatal Maternal Infection. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010077. [PMID: 36672818 PMCID: PMC9859158 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus participates in spatial navigation and behavioral processes, displays molecular plasticity in response to environmental challenges, and can play a role in neuropsychiatric diseases. The combined effects of inflammatory prenatal and postnatal challenges can disrupt the hippocampal gene networks and regulatory mechanisms. Using a proven pig model of viral maternal immune activation (MIA) matched to controls and an RNA-sequencing approach, the hippocampal transcriptome was profiled on two-month-old female and male offspring assigned to fasting, mimetic viral, or saline treatments. More than 2600 genes presented single or combined effects (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.05) of MIA, postnatal stress, or sex. Biological processes and pathways encompassing messenger cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling were enriched with genes including gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) predominantly over-expressed in the MIA-exposed fasting males relative to groups that differed in sex, prenatal or postnatal challenge. While this pattern was amplified in fasting offspring, the postnatal inflammatory challenge appeared to cancel out the effects of the prenatal challenge. The transcription factors C-terminal binding protein 2 (CTBP2), RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and SUZ12 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit were over-represented among the genes impacted by the prenatal and postnatal factors studied. Our results indicate that one environmental challenge can influence the effect of another challenge on the hippocampal transcriptome. These findings can assist in the identification of molecular targets to ameliorate the effects of pre-and post-natal stressors on hippocampal-associated physiology and behavior.
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20
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Bray MJC, Bryant BR, Esagoff AI, Richey LN, Rodriguez C, Krieg A, McCullough G, Tsai J, Tobolowsky W, Jahed S, Cullum CM, LoBue C, Ismail Z, Yan H, Lyketsos CG, Peters ME. Effect of traumatic brain injury on mild behavioral impairment domains prior to all-cause dementia diagnosis and throughout disease progression. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12364. [PMID: 36514440 PMCID: PMC9735270 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may alter dementia progression, although co-occurring neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have received less attention. Originally designed to evaluate behavioral disruption prior to dementia diagnosis, the mild behavioral impairment (MBI) construct relates NPS to underlying neural circuit disruptions, with probable relevance across the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, the MBI construct may represent a valuable tool to identify and evaluate related NPS both preceding diagnosis of all-cause dementia throughout the progression of disease, representing an important area of inquiry regarding TBI and dementia. This investigation sought to evaluate the effect of TBI on NPS related by the MBI construct in participants progressing from normal cognitive status to all-cause dementia. Methods Using National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data, individuals progressing from normal cognition to all-cause dementia (clinician diagnosed) over 7.6 ± 3.0 years were studied to estimate prevalence of MBI domains in 124 participants with prior TBI history (57 with loss of consciousness [LOC] <5 minutes, 22 with LOC >5 min, 45 unknown severity) compared to 822 without. MBI domain prevalence was evaluated (1) prior to dementia onset (including only time points preceding time at dementia diagnosis, as per MBI's original definition) and (2) throughout dementia progression (evaluating all available time points, including both before and after dementia diagnosis). Results More severe TBI (LOC >5 minutes) was associated with the social inappropriateness MBI domain (adjusted odds ratio = 4.034; P = 0.024) prior to dementia onset, and the abnormal perception/thought content domain looking across dementia progression (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] = 3.703; P = 0.005). TBI (all severities) was associated with the decreased motivation domain looking throughout dementia progression (HRadj. = 1.546; P = 0.014). Discussion TBI history is associated with particular MBI profiles prior to onset and throughout progression of dementia. Understanding TBI's impact on inter-related NPS may help elucidate underlying neuropathology with implications for surveillance, detection, and treatment of behavioral concerns in aging TBI survivors. Highlights The mild behavioral impairment (MBI) construct links related neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) by probable underlying neural network dysfunction.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) > 5 minutes was associated with pre-dementia social inappropriateness.TBI was associated with decreased motivation looking across dementia progression.TBI with LOC > 5 minutes was associated with abnormal perception/thought content.The MBI construct may be useful for examining related NPS across dementia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. C. Bray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Barry R. Bryant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Aaron I. Esagoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa N. Richey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Carla Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Akshay Krieg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Gardner McCullough
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jerry Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - William Tobolowsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sahar Jahed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - C. Munro Cullum
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Christian LoBue
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Haijuan Yan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Constantine G. Lyketsos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Matthew E. Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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21
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Bortz DM, Feistritzer CM, Power CC, Grace AA. Medial septum activation improves strategy switching once strategies are well-learned via bidirectional regulation of dopamine neuron population activity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:2090-2100. [PMID: 35871093 PMCID: PMC9556587 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Strategy switching is a form of cognitive flexibility that requires inhibiting a previously successful strategy and switching to a new strategy of a different categorical modality. It is dependent on dopamine (DA) receptor activation and release in ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex, two primary targets of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA projections. Although the circuitry that underlies strategy switching early in learning has been studied, few studies have examined it after extended discrimination training. This may be important as DA activity and release patterns change across learning, with several studies demonstrating a critical role for substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) DA activity and release once behaviors are well-learned. We have demonstrated that medial septum (MS) activation simultaneously increased VTA and decreased SNc DA population activity, as well as improved reversal learning via these actions on DA activity. We hypothesized that MS activation would improve strategy switching both early in learning and after extended training through its ability to increase VTA DA population activity and decrease SNc DA population activity, respectively. We chemogenetically activated the MS of male and female rats and measured their performance on an operant-based strategy switching task following 1, 10, or 15 days of discrimination training. Contrary to our hypothesis, MS activation did not affect strategy switching after 1 day of discrimination training. MS activation improved strategy switching after 10 days of training, but only in females. MS activation improved strategy switching in both sexes after 15 days of training. Infusion of bicuculline into the ventral subiculum (vSub) inhibited the MS-mediated decrease in SNc DA population activity and attenuated the improvement in strategy switching. Intra-vSub infusion of scopolamine inhibited the MS-mediated increase in VTA DA population activity but did not affect the improvement in strategy switching. Intra-vSub infusion of both bicuculline and scopolamine inhibited the MS-mediated effects on DA population activity in both the SNc and VTA and completely prevented the improvement in strategy switching. These data indicate that MS activation improves strategy switching once the original strategy has been sufficiently well-learned, and that this may occur via the MS's regulation of DA neuron responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Bortz
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Catalina M Feistritzer
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cassidy C Power
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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22
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Beck K, Arumuham A, Brugger S, McCutcheon RA, Veronese M, Santangelo B, McGinnity CJ, Dunn J, Kaar S, Singh N, Pillinger T, Borgan F, Sementa T, Neji R, Jauhar S, Aigbirhio F, Boros I, Turkheimer F, Hammers A, Lythgoe D, Stone J, Howes OD. The association between N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor availability and glutamate levels: A multi-modal PET-MR brain imaging study in first-episode psychosis and healthy controls. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:1051-1060. [PMID: 36120998 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221099643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from post-mortem studies and in vivo imaging studies suggests there may be reduced N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) levels in the hippocampus in patients with schizophrenia. Other studies have reported increased glutamate in striatum in schizophrenia patients. It has been hypothesised that NMDAR hypofunction leads to the disinhibition of glutamatergic signalling; however, this has not been tested in vivo. METHODS In this study, we investigated the relationship between hippocampal NMDAR and striatal glutamate using simultaneous positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR) imaging. We recruited 40 volunteers to this cross-sectional study; 21 patients with schizophrenia, all in their first episode of illness, and 19 healthy controls. We measured hippocampal NMDAR availability using the PET ligand [18F]GE179. This was indexed relative to whole brain as the distribution volume ratio (DVR). Striatal glutamatergic indices (glutamate and Glx) were acquired simultaneously, using combined PET-MR proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). RESULTS A total of 33 individuals (15 healthy controls, 18 patients) were included in the analyses (mean (SD) age of controls, 27.31 (4.68) years; mean (SD) age of patients, 24.75 (4.33), 27 male and 6 female). We found an inverse relationship between hippocampal DVR and striatal glutamate levels in people with first-episode psychosis (rho = -0.74, p < 0.001) but not in healthy controls (rho = -0.22, p = 0.44). CONCLUSION This study show that lower relative NMDAR availability in the hippocampus may drive increased striatal glutamate levels in patients with schizophrenia. Further work is required to determine whether these findings may yield new targets for drug development in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Beck
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Atheeshaan Arumuham
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Brugger
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert A McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Santangelo
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Colm J McGinnity
- King's College London & Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joel Dunn
- King's College London & Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Kaar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nisha Singh
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Toby Pillinger
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Faith Borgan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Teresa Sementa
- King's College London & Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- King's College London & Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, UK
| | - Sameer Jauhar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Franklin Aigbirhio
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Istvan Boros
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Federico Turkheimer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Hammers
- King's College London & Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Lythgoe
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James Stone
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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23
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Uliana DL, Zhu X, Gomes FV, Grace AA. Using animal models for the studies of schizophrenia and depression: The value of translational models for treatment and prevention. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:935320. [PMID: 36090659 PMCID: PMC9449416 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.935320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of psychiatric disorders have been highly effective in advancing the field, identifying circuits related to pathophysiology, and identifying novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we show how animal models, particularly those based on development, have provided essential information regarding circuits involved in disorders, disease progression, and novel targets for intervention and potentially prevention. Nonetheless, in recent years there has been a pushback, largely driven by the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), to shift away from animal models and instead focus on circuits in normal subjects. This has been driven primarily from a lack of discovery of new effective therapeutic targets, and the failure of targets based on preclinical research to show efficacy. We discuss why animal models of complex disorders, when strongly cross-validated by clinical research, are essential to understand disease etiology as well as pathophysiology, and direct new drug discovery. Issues related to shortcomings in clinical trial design that confound translation from animal models as well as the failure to take patient pharmacological history into account are proposed to be a source of the failure of what are likely effective compounds from showing promise in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela L. Uliana
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Felipe V. Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Anthony A. Grace
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Anthony A. Grace,
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24
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Agrud A, Subburaju S, Goel P, Ren J, Kumar AS, Caldarone BJ, Dai W, Chavez J, Fukumura D, Jain RK, Kloner RA, Vasudevan A. Gabrb3 endothelial cell-specific knockout mice display abnormal blood flow, hypertension, and behavioral dysfunction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4922. [PMID: 35318369 PMCID: PMC8941104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent studies uncovered a novel GABA signaling pathway in embryonic forebrain endothelial cells that works independently from neuronal GABA signaling and revealed that disruptions in endothelial GABAA receptor-GABA signaling from early embryonic stages can directly contribute to the origin of psychiatric disorders. In the GABAA receptor β3 subunit endothelial cell conditional knockout (Gabrb3ECKO) mice, the β3 subunit is deleted selectively from endothelial cells, therefore endothelial GABAA receptors become inactivated and dysfunctional. There is a reduction in vessel densities and increased vessel morphology in the Gabrb3ECKO telencephalon that persists in the adult neocortex. Gabrb3ECKO mice show behavioral deficits such as impaired reciprocal social interactions, communication deficits, heightened anxiety, and depression. Here, we characterize the functional changes in Gabrb3ECKO mice by evaluating cortical blood flow, examine the consequences of loss of endothelial Gabrb3 on cardiac tissue, and define more in-depth altered behaviors. Red blood cell velocity and blood flow were increased in the cortical microcirculation of the Gabrb3ECKO mice. The Gabrb3ECKO mice had a reduction in vessel densities in the heart, similar to the brain; exhibited wavy, myocardial fibers, with elongated 'worm-like' nuclei in their cardiac histology, and developed hypertension. Additional alterations in behavioral function were observed in the Gabrb3ECKO mice such as increased spontaneous exploratory activity and rearing in an open field, reduced short term memory, decreased ambulatory activity in CLAMS testing, and altered prepulse inhibition to startle, an important biomarker of psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Our results imply that vascular Gabrb3 is a key player in the brain as well as the heart, and its loss in both organs can lead to concurrent development of psychiatric and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anass Agrud
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Angiogenesis and Brain Development Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI), 686 S Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91105 USA
| | - Sivan Subburaju
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Angiogenesis and Brain Development Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI), 686 S Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91105 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA ,grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDivision of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Pranay Goel
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Angiogenesis and Brain Development Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI), 686 S Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91105 USA
| | - Jun Ren
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Ashwin Srinivasan Kumar
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Barbara J. Caldarone
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMouse Behavior Core, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Wangde Dai
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jesus Chavez
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Robert A. Kloner
- grid.280933.30000 0004 0452 8371Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Anju Vasudevan
- Angiogenesis and Brain Development Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI), 686 S Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA, 91105, USA.
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25
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Deshpande G, Zhao X, Robinson J. Functional Parcellation of the Hippocampus based on its Layer-specific Connectivity with Default Mode and Dorsal Attention Networks. Neuroimage 2022; 254:119078. [PMID: 35276366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that there might be an anterior-posterior functional differentiation of the hippocampus along the long-axis. The HERNET (hippocampal encoding/retrieval and network) model proposed an encoding/retrieval dichotomy with the anterior hippocampus more connected to the dorsal attention network (DAN) during memory encoding, and the posterior portions more connected to the default mode network (DMN) during retrieval. Evidence both for and against the HERNET model has been reported. In this study, we test the validity of the HERNET model non-invasively in humans by computing functional connectivity (FC) in layer-specific cortico-hippocampal microcircuits. This was achieved by acquiring sub-millimeter functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data during encoding/retrieval tasks at 7T. Specifically, FC between infra-granular output layers of DAN with hippocampus during encoding and FC between supra-granular input layers of DMN with hippocampus during retrieval were computed to test the predictions of the HERNET model. Our results support some predictions of the HERNET model including anterior-posterior gradient along the long axis of the hippocampus. While preferential relationships between the entire hippocampus and DAN/DMN during encoding/retrieval, respectively, were observed as predicted, anterior-posterior specificity in these network relationships could not be confirmed. The strength and clarity of evidence for/against the HERNET model were superior with layer-specific data compared to conventional volume data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishna Deshpande
- AU MRI Research Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, 560 Devall Dr, Suite 266D, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Alabama Advanced Imaging Consortium, Birmingham, AL, USA; Center for Neuroscience, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Key Laboratory for Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- AU MRI Research Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, 560 Devall Dr, Suite 266D, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Quora Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Robinson
- AU MRI Research Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, 560 Devall Dr, Suite 266D, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Alabama Advanced Imaging Consortium, Birmingham, AL, USA; Center for Neuroscience, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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26
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Ventral Striatal-Hippocampus Coupling During Reward Processing as a Stratification Biomarker for Psychotic Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:216-225. [PMID: 34607654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered ventral striatal (vST) activation to reward expectancy is a well-established intermediate phenotype for psychiatric disorders, specifically schizophrenia (SZ). Preclinical research suggests that striatal alterations are related to a reduced inhibition by the hippocampal formation, but its role in human transdiagnostic reward-network dysfunctions is not well understood. METHODS We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging during reward processing in 728 individuals including healthy control subjects (n = 396), patients (SZ: n = 46; bipolar disorder: n = 45; major depressive disorder: n = 60), and unaffected first-degree relatives (SZ: n = 46; bipolar disorder: n = 50; major depressive disorder: n = 85). We assessed disorder-specific differences in functional vST-hippocampus coupling and transdiagnostic associations with dimensional measures of positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. We also probed the genetic underpinning using polygenic risk scores for SZ in a subset of healthy participants (n = 295). RESULTS Functional vST-hippocampus coupling was 1) reduced in patients with SZ and bipolar disorder (pFWE < .05, small-volume corrected [SVC]); 2) associated transdiagnostically to dimensional measures of positive (pFWE = .01, SVC) and cognitive (pFWE = .02, SVC), but not negative, (pFWE > .05, SVC) symptoms; and 3) reduced in first-degree relatives of patients with SZ (pFWE = .017, SVC) and linked to the genetic risk for SZ in healthy participants (p = .035). CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that reduced vST-hippocampus coupling during reward processing is an endophenotype for SZ linked to positive and cognitive symptoms, supporting current preclinical models of the emergence of psychosis. Moreover, our data indicate that vST-hippocampus coupling is familial and linked to polygenic scores for SZ, supporting the use of this measure as an intermediate phenotype for psychotic disorders.
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Corripio I, Roldán A, McKenna P, Sarró S, Alonso-Solís A, Salgado L, Álvarez E, Molet J, Pomarol-Clotet E, Portella M. Target selection for deep brain stimulation in treatment resistant schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110436. [PMID: 34517055 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treatment resistant patients with schizophrenia is of considerable current interest, but where to site the electrodes is challenging. This article reviews rationales for electrode placement in schizophrenia based on evidence for localized brain abnormality in the disorder and the targets that have been proposed and employed to date. The nucleus accumbens and the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex are of interest on the grounds that they are sites of potential pathologically increased brain activity in schizophrenia and so susceptible to the local inhibitory effects of DBS; both sites have been employed in trials of DBS in schizophrenia. Based on other lines of reasoning, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the habenula have also been proposed and in some cases employed. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has not been suggested, probably reflecting evidence that it is underactive rather than overactive in schizophrenia. The hippocampus is also of theoretical interest but there is no clear functional imaging evidence that it shows overactivity in schizophrenia. On current evidence, the nucleus accumbens may represent the strongest candidate for DBS electrode placement in schizophrenia, with the substantia nigra pars reticulata also showing promise in a single case report; the ventral tegmental area is also of potential interest, though it remains untried.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iluminada Corripio
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Alexandra Roldán
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Peter McKenna
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
| | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Anna Alonso-Solís
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Laura Salgado
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Álvarez
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Joan Molet
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Maria Portella
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
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Lian M, Shi Y, Zhang W, Zhao J, Chen D. Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped Nb2C-MXene nanosheets for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection dopamine under acidic conditions in gastric juice. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Thalamic reticular nucleus impairments and abnormal prefrontal control of dopamine system in a developmental model of schizophrenia: prevention by N-acetylcysteine. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7679-7689. [PMID: 34193975 PMCID: PMC8716611 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence showed thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia involving disruptions to the parvalbumin neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). However, their functional consequences, as well as a potential linkage to oxidative stress, are unclear. The TRN is posited to gate prefrontal control of dopamine neuron activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Thus, we hypothesized that schizophrenia-related TRN abnormalities might contribute to dopamine dysregulation, a well-known feature of the disorder. To test this, in adult rats exposed prenatally to methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM rats), oxidative impairments to the parvalbumin neurons in the anterior TRN were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Using in vivo electrophysiology, we investigated whether inactivation of the prefrontal cortex would produce differential effects on VTA dopamine neurons in MAM rats. We show that MAM rats displayed reduced markers of parvalbumin and wisteria floribunda agglutinin-labeled perineuronal nets, correlating with increased markers of oxidative stress (8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-20-deoxyguanosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine). Moreover, MAM rats displayed heightened baseline and abnormal prefrontal control of VTA dopamine neuron activity, as tetrodotoxin-induced inactivation of the infralimbic prefrontal cortex decreased the dopamine population activity, contrary to the normal increase in controls. Such dopamine neuron dysregulation was recapitulated by enzymatic perineuronal net digestion in the TRN of normal rats. Furthermore, juvenile (postnatal day 11-25) antioxidant treatment (N-acetyl-cysteine, 900 mg/L drinking water) prevented all these impairments in MAM rats. Our findings suggest that early accumulation of oxidative stress in the TRN may shape the later onset of schizophrenia pathophysiology, highlighting redox regulation as a potential target for early intervention.
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Atefimanash P, Pourhamzeh M, Susanabadi A, Arabi M, Jamali-Raeufy N, Mehrabi S. Hippocampal chloride transporter KCC2 contributes to excitatory GABA dysregulation in the developmental rat model of schizophrenia. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 118:102040. [PMID: 34695562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed an altered expression of NKCC1 and KCC2 in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of schizophrenic patients. Despite extensive considerations, the alteration of NKCC1 and KCC2 co-transporters at different stages of development has not been fully studied. Therefore, we evaluated the expression of these transporters in PFC and hippocampus at time points of four, eight, and twelve weeks in post-weaning social isolation rearing rat model. For this purpose, 23-25 days-old rats were classified into social- or isolation-reared groups. The levels of NKCC1 and KCC2 mRNA expression were evaluated at hippocampus or PFC regions at the time-points of four, eight, and twelve weeks following housing. Post-weaning isolation rearing decreased the hippocampal KCC2 mRNA expression level, but does not affect the NKCC1 mRNA expression. However, no significant difference was observed in the PFC mRNA levels of NKCC1 and KCC2 in the isolation-reared group compared to the socially-reared group during the course of modeling. Further, we assessed the therapeutic effect of selective NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide (10 mg/kg), on improvement of prepulse inhibition (PPI) test on twelve weeks isolation-reared rats. Intraperitoneal administration of bumetanide (10 mg/kg) did not exert beneficial effects on PPI deficit. Our findings show that isolation rearing reduces hippocampal KCC2 expression level and may underlie hippocampal GABA excitatory. In addition, 10 mg/kg bumetanide is not effective in improving the reduced PPI of twelve weeks isolation-reared rats. Collectively, our findings show that hippocampal chloride transporter KCC2 contributes to excitatory GABA dysregulation in the developmental rat model of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pezhman Atefimanash
- Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Pourhamzeh
- Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Susanabadi
- Department of Anesthesia and pain medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Arabi
- Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Paramedicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Nida Jamali-Raeufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Modeling intrahippocampal effects of anterior hippocampal hyperactivity relevant to schizophrenia using chemogenetic excitation of long axis-projecting mossy cells in the mouse dentate gyrus. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 1:101-111. [PMID: 34414387 PMCID: PMC8372626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The anterior hippocampus of individuals with early psychosis or schizophrenia is hyperactive, as is the ventral hippocampus in many rodent models for schizophrenia risk. Mossy cells (MCs) of the ventral dentate gyrus (DG) densely project in the hippocampal long axis, targeting both dorsal DG granule cells and inhibitory interneurons. MCs are responsive to stimulation throughout hippocampal subfields and thus may be suited to detect hyperactivity in areas where it originates such as CA1. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hyperactivation of ventral MCs activates dorsal DG granule cells to influence dorsal hippocampal function. Methods In CD-1 mice, we targeted dorsal DG-projecting ventral MCs using an adeno-associated virus intersectional strategy. In vivo fiber photometry recording of ventral MCs was performed during exploratory behaviors. We used excitatory chemogenetic constructs to test the effects of ventral MC hyperactivation on long-term spatial memory during an object location memory task. Results Photometry revealed that ventral MCs were activated during exploratory rearing. Ventral MCs made functional monosynaptic inputs to dorsal DG granule cells, and chemogenetic activation of ventral MCs modestly increased activity of dorsal DG granule cells measured by c-Fos. Finally, chemogenetic activation of ventral MCs during the training phase of an object location memory task impaired test performance 24 hours later, without effects on locomotion or object exploration. Conclusions These data suggest that ventral MC activation can directly excite dorsal granule cells and interfere with dorsal DG function, supporting future study of their in vivo activity in animal models for schizophrenia featuring ventral hyperactivity.
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Modinos G, Richter A, Egerton A, Bonoldi I, Azis M, Antoniades M, Bossong M, Crossley N, Perez J, Stone JM, Veronese M, Zelaya F, Grace AA, Howes OD, Allen P, McGuire P. Interactions between hippocampal activity and striatal dopamine in people at clinical high risk for psychosis: relationship to adverse outcomes. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1468-1474. [PMID: 33941857 PMCID: PMC8209204 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical models propose that increased hippocampal activity drives subcortical dopaminergic dysfunction and leads to psychosis-like symptoms and behaviors. Here, we used multimodal neuroimaging to examine the relationship between hippocampal regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and investigated its association with subsequent clinical and functional outcomes. Ninety-five participants (67 CHR and 28 healthy controls) underwent arterial spin labeling MRI and 18F-DOPA PET imaging at baseline. CHR participants were followed up for a median of 15 months to determine functional outcomes with the global assessment of function (GAF) scale and clinical outcomes using the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states (CAARMS). CHR participants with poor functional outcomes (follow-up GAF < 65, n = 25) showed higher rCBF in the right hippocampus compared to CHRs with good functional outcomes (GAF ≥ 65, n = 25) (pfwe = 0.026). The relationship between rCBF in this right hippocampal region and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity was also significantly different between groups (pfwe = 0.035); the association was negative in CHR with poor outcomes (pfwe = 0.012), but non-significant in CHR with good outcomes. Furthermore, the correlation between right hippocampal rCBF and striatal dopamine function predicted a longitudinal increase in the severity of positive psychotic symptoms within the total CHR group (p = 0.041). There were no differences in rCBF, dopamine, or their associations in the total CHR group relative to controls. These findings indicate that altered interactions between the hippocampus and the subcortical dopamine system are implicated in the pathophysiology of adverse outcomes in the CHR state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. .,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. .,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Anja Richter
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Egerton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ilaria Bonoldi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matilda Azis
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthijs Bossong
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Crossley
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jesus Perez
- CAMEO Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - James M Stone
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fernando Zelaya
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
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Moon SY, Kim M, Lho SK, Oh S, Kim SH, Kwon JS. Systematic Review of the Neural Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Schizophrenia: Hippocampus and Insula as the Key Regions of Modulation. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:486-499. [PMID: 34218638 PMCID: PMC8256139 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been the most potent treatment option for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). However, the underlying neural mechanisms of ECT in schizophrenia remain largely unclear. This paper examines studies that investigated structural and functional changes after ECT in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS We carried out a systematic review with following terms: 'ECT', 'schizophrenia', and the terms of various neuroimaging modalities. RESULTS Among the 325 records available from the initial search in May 2020, 17 studies were included. Cerebral blood flow in the frontal, temporal, and striatal structures was shown to be modulated (n=3), although the results were divergent. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies suggested that the ratio of N-acetyl-aspartate/creatinine was increased in the left prefrontal cortex (PFC; n=2) and left thalamus (n=1). The hippocampus and insula (n=6, respectively) were the most common regions of structural/functional modulation, which also showed symptom associations. Functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN; n=5), PFC (n=4), and thalamostriatal system (n=2) were also commonly modulated. CONCLUSION Despite proven effectiveness, there has been a dearth of studies investigating the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ECT. There is preliminary evidence of structural and functional modulation of the hippocampus and insula, functional changes in the DMN, PFC, and thalamostriatal system after ECT in patients with schizophrenia. We discuss the rationale and implications of these findings and the potential mechanism of action of ECT. More studies evaluating the mechanisms of ECT are needed, which could provide a unique window into what leads to treatment response in the otherwise refractory TRS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Silvia Kyungjin Lho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Deng Y, Han S, Cheng D, Li H, Zhang B, Kong Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Wen G, Liu K. Simultaneously decreased temporal variability and enhanced variability-strength coupling of emotional network connectivities are related to positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:76-84. [PMID: 32803661 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesize that decreased temporal variability of emotional network connectivities, corresponding to a continual state of hyperactivity, may play a role in mediating symptoms in schizophrenia. Resting-state magnetic resonance data were collected from 64 subjects, including 21 positive symptom profile schizophrenia patients (PSZ group), 19 negative symptom profile schizophrenia patients (NSZ group), and 24 healthy controls. The emotional brain network was defined based on the coordinates obtained from multi-level kernel density analysis. The temporal variability of intra-network functional connectivities (FCs) was calculated by constructing networks from blood oxygen level-dependent signals at successive, non-overlapping time windows, and was compared between groups. The results showed that the mean FC-variability of the whole emotional network (P = 0.021), and the FC-variabilities in the bilateral anterior insula (both, P < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the PSZ group compared with the control and NSZ groups. Abnormally enhanced negative coupling between variability and FC strength (V-S coupling) was observed in the PSZ group (P = 0.027). In summary, this study found a relation between the positive symptoms of schizophrenia and decreased variability of emotional network connectivities. These findings may help us better understand the neurobiological effect of the time-varying properties of the brain network in schizophrenia patients, and the underlying relation to the generation of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Deng
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyong Kong
- Lab of Image Science and Technology, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjia Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Wen
- Medical Imaging Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China.
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China.
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Koike S, Toriumi K, Kasahara S, Kibune Y, Ishida YI, Dan T, Miyata T, Arai M, Ogasawara Y. Accumulation of Carbonyl Proteins in the Brain of Mouse Model for Methylglyoxal Detoxification Deficits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040574. [PMID: 33917901 PMCID: PMC8068291 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that carbonyl stress is a causative factor of schizophrenia, categorized as carbonyl stress-related schizophrenia (CS-SCZ). However, the correlation between carbonyl stress and the pathogenesis of this disease is not well established. In this study, glyoxalase 1(Glo1)-knockout and vitamin B6-deficient mice (KO/VB6 (-) mice), which are susceptible to methylglyoxal (MGO)-induced oxidative damages, were used as a CS-SCZ model to analyze MGO-modified protein and the carbonyl stress status in the brain. A comparison between Wild/VB6(+) mice and KO/VB6(−) mice for accumulated carbonyl proteins levels, with several advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the brain, revealed that carbonyl protein levels with the Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl) ornithine (MG-H1) moiety were significantly increased in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, cerebral cortex, and brainstem regions of the brain in KO/VB6(−) mice. Moreover, two-dimensional electrophoresis and Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis showed MG-H1-modified arginine residues in mitochondrial creatine kinase, beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1, and T-complex protein in the hippocampus region of KO/VB6(−) mice, but not in Wild/VB6(+) mice. In particular, MG-H1 modification of mitochondrial creatine kinase was quite notable. These results suggest that further studies focusing on MG-H1-modified and accumulated proteins in the hippocampus may reveal the onset mechanism of CS-SCZ induced by MGO-induced oxidative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Koike
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan; (S.K.); (S.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kazuya Toriumi
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Sakura Kasahara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan; (S.K.); (S.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yosuke Kibune
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan; (S.K.); (S.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yo-ichi Ishida
- Department of Microbial Science and Host Defense, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan;
| | - Takashi Dan
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (T.D.); (T.M.)
| | - Toshio Miyata
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (T.D.); (T.M.)
| | - Makoto Arai
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Yuki Ogasawara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan; (S.K.); (S.K.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence:
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36
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Speranza L, di Porzio U, Viggiano D, de Donato A, Volpicelli F. Dopamine: The Neuromodulator of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Reward and Movement Control. Cells 2021; 10:735. [PMID: 33810328 PMCID: PMC8066851 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter involved in multiple physiological functions including motor control, modulation of affective and emotional states, reward mechanisms, reinforcement of behavior, and selected higher cognitive functions. Dysfunction in dopaminergic transmission is recognized as a core alteration in several devastating neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and addiction. Here we will discuss the current insights on the role of DA in motor control and reward learning mechanisms and its involvement in the modulation of synaptic dynamics through different pathways. In particular, we will consider the role of DA as neuromodulator of two forms of synaptic plasticity, known as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in several cortical and subcortical areas. Finally, we will delineate how the effect of DA on dendritic spines places this molecule at the interface between the motor and the cognitive systems. Specifically, we will be focusing on PD, vascular dementia, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Speranza
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Umberto di Porzio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Viggiano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Genetic Research Institute “Gaetano Salvatore”, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, IT and Biogem S.c.a.r.l., 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (D.V.); (A.d.D.)
| | - Antonio de Donato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Genetic Research Institute “Gaetano Salvatore”, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, IT and Biogem S.c.a.r.l., 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (D.V.); (A.d.D.)
| | - Floriana Volpicelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Bray MJC, Sharma B, Cottrelle's J, Peters ME, Bayley M, Green REA. Hippocampal atrophy is associated with psychotic symptom severity following traumatic brain injury. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab026. [PMID: 33977261 PMCID: PMC8098106 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosis is a rare, but particularly serious sequela of traumatic brain injury. However, little is known as to the neurobiological processes that may contribute to its onset. Early evidence suggests that psychotic symptom development after traumatic brain injury may co-occur with hippocampal degeneration, invoking the possibility of a relationship. Particularly regarding the hippocampal head, these degenerative changes may lead to dysregulation in dopaminergic circuits, as is reported in psychoses due to schizophrenia, resulting in the positive symptom profile typically seen in post-injury psychosis. The objective of this study was to examine change in hippocampal volume and psychotic symptoms across time in a sample of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury patients. We hypothesized that hippocampal volume loss would be associated with increased psychotic symptom severity. From a database of n = 137 adult patients with prospectively collected, longitudinal imaging and neuropsychiatric outcomes, n = 24 had complete data at time points of interest (5 and 12 months post-traumatic brain injury) and showed increasing psychotic symptom severity on the Personality Assessment Inventory psychotic experiences subscale of the schizophrenia clinical scale across time. Secondary analysis employing stepwise regression with hippocampal volume change (independent variable) and Personality Assessment Inventory psychotic symptom change (dependent variable) from 5 to 12 months post-injury was conducted including age, sex, marijuana use, family history of schizophrenia, years of education and injury severity as control variables. Total right hippocampal volume loss predicted an increase in the Personality Assessment Inventory psychotic experiences subscale (F(1, 22) = 5.396, adjusted R2 = 0.161, P = 0.030; β = −0.017, 95% confidence interval = −0.018, −0.016) as did volume of the right hippocampal head (F(1, 22) = 5.764, adjusted R2 = 0.172, P = 0.025; β = −0.019, 95% confidence interval = −0.021, −0.017). Final model goodness-of-fit was confirmed using k-fold (k = 5) cross-validation. Consistent with our hypotheses, the current findings suggest that hippocampal degeneration in the chronic stages of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury may play a role in the delayed onset of psychotic symptoms after traumatic brain injury. These findings localized to the right hippocampal head are supportive of a proposed aetiological mechanism whereby atrophy of the hippocampal head may lead to the dysregulation of dopaminergic networks following traumatic brain injury; possibly accounting for observed clinical features of psychotic disorder after traumatic brain injury (including prolonged latency period to symptom onset and predominance of positive symptoms). If further validated, these findings may bear important clinical implications for neurorehabilitative therapies following traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J C Bray
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.,The KITE Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Bhanu Sharma
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,The KITE Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,Department of Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Julia Cottrelle's
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Matthew E Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mark Bayley
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,The KITE Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Robin E A Green
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,The KITE Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
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38
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Zhu X, Grace AA. Prepubertal Environmental Enrichment Prevents Dopamine Dysregulation and Hippocampal Hyperactivity in MAM Schizophrenia Model Rats. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:298-307. [PMID: 33357630 PMCID: PMC7927755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a progressive, prolonged course. Early prevention for SCZ is promising but overall lacks support from preclinical evidence. Previous studies have tested environmental enrichment (EE) in certain models of SCZ and discovered a broadly beneficial effect in preventing behavioral abnormalities relevant, yet not specific, to the disorder. Nonetheless, whether EE can prevent dopamine (DA) dysregulation, a hallmark of psychosis and SCZ, had not been tested. METHODS Using the MAM (methylazoxymethanol acetate) rat model of schizophrenia and saline-treated control animals, we investigated the long-term electrophysiological effects of prepubertal (postnatal day 21-40) EE on DA neurons, pyramidal neurons in the ventral hippocampus, and projection neurons in the basolateral amygdala. Anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated plus maze and locomotor responses to amphetamine were also analyzed. RESULTS Prepubertal EE prevented the increased population activity of DA neurons and the associated increase in locomotor response to amphetamine. Prepubertal EE also prevented hyperactivity in the ventral hippocampus but did not prevent hyperactivity in the basolateral amygdala. Anxiety-like behaviors in MAM rats were not ameliorated by prepubertal exposure to EE. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-day prepubertal EE is sufficient to prevent DA hyperresponsivity in the MAM model, measured by electrophysiological recordings and locomotor response to amphetamine. This effect is potentially mediated by normalizing excessive firing in the ventral hippocampus without affecting anxiety-like behaviors and basolateral amygdala firing. This study identified EE as a useful preventative approach that may protect against the pathophysiological development of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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39
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Grill F, Nyberg L, Rieckmann A. Neural correlates of reward processing: Functional dissociation of two components within the ventral striatum. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e01987. [PMID: 33300306 PMCID: PMC7882172 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rewarding and punishing stimuli elicit BOLD responses in the affective division of the striatum. The responses typically traverse from the affective to the associative division of the striatum, suggesting an involvement of associative processes during the modulation of stimuli valance. In this study, we hypothesized that fMRI responses to rewards versus punishments in a guessing card game can be disassociated into two functional component processes that reflect the convergence of limbic and associative functional networks in the ventral striatum. METHODS We used fMRI data of 175 (92 female) subjects from the human connectome project´s gambling task, working memory task, and resting-state scans. A reward > punish contrast identified a ventral striatum cluster from which voxelwise GLM parameter estimates were entered into a k-means clustering algorithm. The k-means analysis supported separating the cluster into two spatially distinct components. These components were used as seeds to investigate their functional connectivity profile. GLM parameter estimates were extracted and compared from the task contrasts reward > punish and 2-back > 0-back from two ROIs in the ventral striatum and one ROI in hippocampus. RESULTS The analyses converged to show that a superior striatal component, coupled with the ventral attention and frontal control networks, was responsive to both a modulation of cognitive control in working memory and to rewards, whereas the most inferior part of the ventral striatum, coupled with the limbic and default mode networks including the hippocampus, was selectively responsive to rewards. CONCLUSION We show that the fMRI response to rewards in the ventral striatum reflects a mixture of component processes of reward. An inferior ventral striatal component and hippocampus are part of an intrinsically coupled network that responds to reward-based processing during gambling. The more superior ventral striatal component is intrinsically coupled to networks involved with executive functioning and responded to both reward and cognitive control demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Grill
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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40
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Influence of cytochrome P450 2D6 polymorphism on hippocampal white matter and treatment response in schizophrenia. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2021; 7:5. [PMID: 33514751 PMCID: PMC7846743 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-020-00134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is expressed at high levels in the brain and plays a considerable role in the biotransformation and neurotransmission of dopamine. This raises the question of whether CYP2D6 variations and its impact on the brain can confer susceptibility to schizophrenia. We investigated the possible links among the CYP2D6 genotype, white matter (WM) integrity of the hippocampus, and the treatment response to antipsychotic drugs in Korean patients with schizophrenia (n = 106). Brain magnetic resonance imaging and genotyping for CYP2D6 were conducted at baseline. The severity of clinical symptoms and the treatment response were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). After genotyping, 43 participants were classified as intermediate metabolizers (IM), and the remainder (n = 63) were classified as extensive metabolizers (EM). IM participants showed significantly higher fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the right hippocampus compared to EM participants. Radial diffusivity (RD) values were significantly lower in the overlapping region of the right hippocampus in the IM group than in the EM group. After 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, the EM group showed more improvements in positive symptoms than the IM group. FAs and RDs in the CYP2D6-associated hippocampal WM region were significantly correlated with a reduction in the positive symptom subscale of the PANSS. Greater improvements in positive symptoms were negatively associated with FAs, and positively associated with RDs in the right hippocampal region. The findings suggest that CYP26D-associated hippocampal WM alterations could be a possible endophenotype for schizophrenia that accounts for individual differences in clinical features and treatment responses.
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41
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Paredes DA, Jalloh A, Catlow BJ, Jaishankar A, Seo S, Jimenez DV, Martinowich K, Diaz-Bustamante M, Hoeppner DJ, McKay RDG. Bdnf deficiency in the neonatal hippocampus contributes to global dna hypomethylation and adult behavioral changes. Brain Res 2021; 1754:147254. [PMID: 33422542 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorder, encompassing genetic and environmental risk factors. For several decades, investigators have been implementing the use of lesions of the neonatal rodent hippocampus to model schizophrenia, resulting in a broad spectrum of adult schizophrenia-related behavioral changes. Despite the extensive use of these proposed animal models of schizophrenia, the mechanisms by which these lesions result in schizophrenia-like behavioral alterations remain unclear. Here we provide in vivo evidence that transient pharmacological inactivation of the hippocampus via tetrodotoxin microinjections or a genetic reduction in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels (BDNF+/- rats) lead to global DNA hypomethylation, disrupted maturation of the neuronal nucleus and aberrant acoustic startle response in the adult rat. The similarity between the effects of the two treatments strongly indicate that BDNF signaling is involved in effects obtained after the TTX microinjections. These findings may shed light on the cellular mechanisms underlying the phenotypical features of neonatal transient inhibition of the hippocampus as a preclinical model of schizophrenia and suggest that BDNF signaling represents a target pathway for development of novel treatment therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Paredes
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ahmad Jalloh
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA; Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Briony J Catlow
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amritha Jaishankar
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seungmae Seo
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennisse V Jimenez
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Keri Martinowich
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marcelo Diaz-Bustamante
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Hoeppner
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronald D G McKay
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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42
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He H, Cao H, Huang B, He M, Ma C, Yao D, Luo C, Yao G, Duan M. Functional abnormalities of striatum are related to the season-specific effect on schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2347-2355. [PMID: 33398777 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a syndrome that is typically accompanied by delusions, hallucinations and cognitive impairments. Specifically, abundant evidences support the notion that more people diagnosed with schizophrenia are born during fall-winter than spring-summer. Although pathophysiological of schizophrenia might be associated with abnormal brain functional network, little is currently known the relationship between season and deficient brain functional network of schizophrenia. To investigate this issue, in this study 51 schizophrenic subjects and 72 healthy controls underwent MRI scanning to detect the brain functional mapping, each at spring-summer and fall-winter season throughout the year. The data-driven method was used to measure the blood oxygen metabolism variability (BOMV). Decreased BOMV in spring-summer while increased in fall-winter were observed within dopaminergic network of schizophrenic subjects, including striatum, thalamus, and hippocampus. The post hoc analysis exploring the coupling among changed BOMV regions, confirmed that a positive relationship, between pallidum and hippocampus existed in fall-winter healthy controls, but not in fall-winter schizophrenic subjects. These findings identified that seasonal effect on striatum might be associated with modulation of striatum-hippocampus. Our results provide a new insight into the role of season in understanding the pathophysiological of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Cao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Binxin Huang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxi He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Ma
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China. .,High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gang Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingjun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
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Marques TR, Ashok AH, Angelescu I, Borgan F, Myers J, Lingford-Hughes A, Nutt DJ, Veronese M, Turkheimer FE, Howes OD. GABA-A receptor differences in schizophrenia: a positron emission tomography study using [ 11C]Ro154513. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:2616-2625. [PMID: 32296127 PMCID: PMC8440185 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A loss of GABA signaling is a prevailing hypothesis for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Preclinical studies indicate that blockade of the α5 subtype of the GABA receptor (α5-GABAARs) leads to behavioral phenotypes associated with schizophrenia, and postmortem evidence indicates lower hippocampal α5-GABAARs protein and mRNA levels in schizophrenia. However, it is unclear if α5-GABAARs are altered in vivo or related to symptoms. We investigated α5-GABAARs availability in antipsychotic-free schizophrenia patients and antipsychotic-medicated schizophrenia patients using [11C]Ro15-4513 PET imaging in a cross-sectional, case-control study design. Thirty-one schizophrenia patients (n = 10 antipsychotic free) and twenty-nine matched healthy controls underwent a [11C]Ro15-4513 PET scan and MRI. The α5 subtype GABA-A receptor availability was indexed using [11C]Ro15-4513 PET imaging. Dynamic PET data were analyzed using the two-tissue compartment model with an arterial plasma input function and total volume of distribution (VT) as the outcome measure. Symptom severity was assessed using the PANSS scale. There was significantly lower [11C]Ro15-4513 VT in the hippocampus of antipsychotic-free patients, but not in medicated patients (p = 0.64), relative to healthy controls (p < 0.05; effect size = 1.4). There was also a significant positive correlation between [11C]Ro15-4513 VT and total PANSS score in antipsychotic-free patients (r = 0.72; p = 0.044). The results suggest that antipsychotic-free patients with schizophrenia have lower α5-GABAARs levels in the hippocampus, consistent with the hypothesis that GABA hypofunction underlies the pathophysiology of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Reis Marques
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, UK. .,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Abhishekh H. Ashok
- grid.14105.310000000122478951Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ilinca Angelescu
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Faith Borgan
- grid.14105.310000000122478951Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jim Myers
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Lingford-Hughes
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J. Nutt
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Federico E. Turkheimer
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver D. Howes
- grid.14105.310000000122478951Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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44
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Kätzel D, Wolff AR, Bygrave AM, Bannerman DM. Hippocampal Hyperactivity as a Druggable Circuit-Level Origin of Aberrant Salience in Schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:486811. [PMID: 33178010 PMCID: PMC7596262 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.486811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of current neuroleptics was largely aiming to decrease excessive dopaminergic signaling in the striatum. However, the notion that abnormal dopamine creates psychotic symptoms by causing an aberrant assignment of salience that drives maladaptive learning chronically during disease development suggests a therapeutic value of early interventions that correct salience-related neural processing. The mesolimbic dopaminergic output is modulated by several interconnected brain-wide circuits centrally involving the hippocampus and key relays like the ventral and associative striatum, ventral pallidum, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, nucleus reuniens, lateral and medial septum, prefrontal and cingulate cortex, among others. Unraveling the causal relationships between these circuits using modern neuroscience techniques holds promise for identifying novel cellular—and ultimately molecular—treatment targets for reducing transition to psychosis and symptoms of schizophrenia. Imaging studies in humans have implicated a hyperactivity of the hippocampus as a robust and early endophenotype in schizophrenia. Experiments in rodents, in turn, suggested that the activity of its output region—the ventral subiculum—may modulate dopamine release from ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons in the ventral striatum. Even though these observations suggested a novel circuit-level target for anti-psychotic action, no therapy has yet been developed along this rationale. Recently evaluated treatment strategies—at least in part—target excess glutamatergic activity, e.g. N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), levetiracetam, and mGluR2/3 modulators. We here review the evidence for the central implication of the hippocampus-VTA axis in schizophrenia-related pathology, discuss its symptom-related implications with a particular focus on aberrant assignment of salience, and evaluate some of its short-comings and prospects for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kätzel
- Institute for Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Amy R Wolff
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Alexei M Bygrave
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David M Bannerman
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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45
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Tryon VL, Garman HD, Loewy RL, Niendam TA. Links Between Human and Animal Models of Trauma and Psychosis: A Narrative Review. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:154-165. [PMID: 33309566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic experiences during development are associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis. Individuals with psychosis also report a higher rate of past trauma than healthy control subjects and worse outcomes than those who do not have these experiences. It is thought that traumatic experiences negatively impact specific neurobiological processes to confer this increased risk, and that systems affected by trauma are similarly changed in individuals with psychosis. Examining animal models of psychosis and the shared neurobiological changes in response to stressors can offer valuable insight into biological mechanisms that mediate symptoms and targets for intervention. This targeted review highlights a subset of models of psychosis across humans and animals, examines the similarities with the brain's response to stress and traumatic events, and discusses how these models may interact. Suggestions for future research are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie L Tryon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis
| | - Heather D Garman
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rachel L Loewy
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Tara A Niendam
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis.
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Yao Y, He H, Duan M, Li S, Li C, Chen X, Yao G, Chang X, Shu H, Wang H, Luo C. The Effects of Music Intervention on Pallidum-DMN Circuit of Schizophrenia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4107065. [PMID: 33015164 PMCID: PMC7525302 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4107065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Music intervention has been applied to improve symptoms of schizophrenic subjects as a complementary treatment in medicine. Although the psychiatric symptoms, especially for motivation and emotion, could be increased in schizophrenia, the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. We employed a longitudinal study to measure the alteration of striatum functional networks in schizophrenic subjects undergoing Mozart music listening using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Forty-five schizophrenic inpatients were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. Under the standard care with antipsychotic medication, one group received music intervention for 1 month and the other group is set as control. Both schizophrenic groups were compared to healthy subjects. Resting-state fMRI was acquired from schizophrenic subjects at baseline and after one-month music intervention and from healthy subjects at baseline. Striatum network was assessed through seed-based static and dynamic functional connectivity (FC) analyses. After music intervention, increased static FC was observed between pallidum and ventral hippocampus in schizophrenic subjects. Increased dynamic FCs were also found between pallidus and subregions of default mode network (DMN), including cerebellum crus and posterior cingulate cortex. Moreover, static pallidus-hippocampus FC increment was positively correlated with the improvement of negative symptoms in schizophrenic subjects. Together, these findings provided evidence that music intervention might have an effect on the FC of the striatum-DMN circuit and might be related to the remission of symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Mingjun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shicai Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Cheng Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Gang Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xin Chang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Haifeng Shu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hongming Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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Gonçalves MCB, Glaser T, Oliveira SLBD, Ulrich H. Adenosinergic-Dopaminergic Signaling in Mood Disorders: A Mini-Review. J Caffeine Adenosine Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/caff.2020.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Talita Glaser
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Differentiating patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls by hippocampal subfields using radiomics. Schizophr Res 2020; 223:337-344. [PMID: 32988740 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurately diagnosing schizophrenia is still challenging due to the lack of validated biomarkers. Here, we aimed to investigate whether radiomic features in bilateral hippocampal subfields from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) can differentiate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls (HCs). METHODS A total of 152 participants with MRI (86 schizophrenia and 66 HCs) were allocated to training (n = 106) and test (n = 46) sets. Radiomic features (n = 642) from the bilateral hippocampal subfields processed with automatic segmentation techniques were extracted from T1-weighted MRIs. After feature selection, various combinations of classifiers (logistic regression, extra-trees, AdaBoost, XGBoost, or support vector machine) and subsampling were trained. The performance of the classifier was validated in the test set by determining the area under the curve (AUC). Furthermore, the association between selected radiomic features and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia was assessed. RESULTS Thirty radiomic features were identified to differentiate participants with schizophrenia from HCs. In the training set, the AUC exhibited poor to good performance (range: 0.683-0.861). The best performing radiomics model in the test set was achieved by the mutual information feature selection and logistic regression with an AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.821 (95% confidence interval 0.681-0.961), 82.1%, 76.9%, and 70%, respectively. Greater maximum values in the left cornu ammonis 1-3 subfield were associated with a higher severity of positive symptoms and general psychopathology in participants with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION Radiomic features from hippocampal subfields may be useful biomarkers for identifying schizophrenia.
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Interactions between knockout of schizophrenia risk factor Dysbindin-1 and copper metabolism in mice. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:339-349. [PMID: 32795490 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE DTNBP1 gene variation and lower dysbindin-1 protein are associated with schizophrenia. Previous evidence suggests that downregulated dysbindin-1 expression results in lower expression of copper transporters ATP7A (intracellular copper transporter) and SLC31A1 (CTR1; extracellular copper transporter), which are required for copper transport across the blood brain barrier. However, whether antipsychotic medications used for schizophrenia treatment may modulate these systems is unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The current study measured behavioral indices of neurological function in dysbindin-1 functional knockout (KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates with or without quetiapine treatment. We assessed serum and brain copper levels, ATP7A and CTR1 mRNA, and copper transporter-expressing cellular population transcripts: TTR (transthyretin; choroid plexus epithelial cells), MBP (myelin basic protein; oligodendrocytes), and GJA1 (gap-junction protein alpha-1; astrocytes) in cortex and hippocampus. KEY RESULTS Regardless of genotype, quetiapine significantly reduced TTR, MBP, CTR1 mRNA, and serum copper levels. Neurological function of untreated KO mice was abnormal, and ledge instability was rescued with quetiapine. KO mice were hyperactive after 10 min in the open-field assay, which was not affected by treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Dysbindin-1 KO results in hyperactivity, altered serum copper, and neurological impairment, the last of which is selectively rescued with quetiapine. Antipsychotic treatment modulates specific cellular populations, affecting myelin, the choroid plexus, and copper transport across the blood brain barrier. Together these results indicate the widespread impact of antipsychotic treatment, and that alteration of dysbindin-1 may be sufficient, but not necessary, for specific schizophrenia pathology.
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Beppi C, Violante IR, Hampshire A, Grossman N, Sandrone S. Patterns of Focal- and Large-Scale Synchronization in Cognitive Control and Inhibition: A Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:196. [PMID: 32670035 PMCID: PMC7330107 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural synchronization patterns are involved in several complex cognitive functions and constitute a growing trend in neuroscience research. While synchrony patterns in working memory have been extensively discussed, a complete understanding of their role in cognitive control and inhibition is still elusive. Here, we provide an up-to-date review on synchronization patterns underlying behavioral inhibition, extrapolating common grounds, and dissociating features with other inhibitory functions. Moreover, we suggest a schematic conceptual framework and highlight existing gaps in the literature, current methodological challenges, and compelling research questions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Beppi
- Neuroscience Center Zürich (ZNZ), University of Zürich (UZH) and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ines R. Violante
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hampshire
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nir Grossman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Sandrone
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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