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Graeff FG, Joca S, Zangrossi H. Bradykinin actions in the central nervous system: historical overview and psychiatric implications. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:129-138. [PMID: 38178717 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Bradykinin (BK), a well-studied mediator of physiological and pathological processes in the peripheral system, has garnered less attention regarding its function in the central nervous system, particularly in behavioural regulation. This review delves into the historical progression of research focused on the behavioural effects of BK and other drugs that act via similar mechanisms to provide new insights into the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychiatric disorders. Evidence from experiments with animal models indicates that BK modulates defensive reactions associated with panic symptoms and the response to acute stressors. The mechanisms are not entirely understood but point to complex interactions with other neurotransmitter systems, such as opioids, and intracellular signalling cascades. By addressing the existing research gaps in this field, we present new proposals for future research endeavours to foster a new era of investigation regarding BK's role in emotional regulation. Implications for psychiatry, chiefly for panic and depressive disorders are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Guilherme Graeff
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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2
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Zhao H, Zhou M, Liu Y, Jiang J, Wang Y. Recent advances in anxiety disorders: Focus on animal models and pathological mechanisms. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:559-572. [PMID: 38013621 PMCID: PMC10757213 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders have become one of the most severe psychiatric disorders, and the incidence is increasing every year. They impose an extraordinary personal and socioeconomic burden. Anxiety disorders are influenced by multiple complex and interacting genetic, psychological, social, and environmental factors, which contribute to disruption or imbalance in homeostasis and eventually cause pathologic anxiety. The selection of a suitable animal model is important for the exploration of disease etiology and pathophysiology, and the development of new drugs. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the advantages and limitations of existing animal models of anxiety disorders is helpful to further study the underlying pathological mechanisms of the disease. This review summarizes animal models and the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, and discusses the current research status to provide insights for further study of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Mi Zhou
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Jiaqi Jiang
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
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3
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G Modrak C, S Wilkinson C, L Blount H, Schwendt M, A Knackstedt L. The role of mGlu receptors in susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 168:221-264. [PMID: 36868630 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress and trauma exposure contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in a subset of people. A large body of preclinical work has found that the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) family of G protein-coupled receptors regulate several behaviors that are part of the symptom clusters for both PTSD and MDD, including anhedonia, anxiety, and fear. Here, we review this literature, beginning with a summary of the wide variety of preclinical models used to assess these behaviors. We then summarize the involvement of Group I and II mGlu receptors in these behaviors. Bringing together this extensive literature reveals that mGlu5 signaling plays distinct roles in anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior. mGlu5 promotes susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia and resilience to stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, while serving a fundamental role in the learning underlying fear conditioning. The medial prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and ventral hippocampus are key regions where mGlu5, mGlu2, and mGlu3 regulate these behaviors. There is strong support that stress-induced anhedonia arises from decreased glutamate release and post-synaptic mGlu5 signaling. Conversely, decreasing mGlu5 signaling increases resilience to stress-induced anxiety-like behavior. Consistent with opposing roles for mGlu5 and mGlu2/3 in anhedonia, evidence suggests that increased glutamate transmission may be therapeutic for the extinction of fear learning. Thus, a large body of literature supports the targeting of pre- and post-synaptic glutamate signaling to ameliorate post-stress anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra G Modrak
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Courtney S Wilkinson
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Harrison L Blount
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Marek Schwendt
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lori A Knackstedt
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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4
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Voisin DA, Wakeford A, Nye J, Mun J, Jones SR, Locke J, Huhman KL, Wilson ME, Albers HE, Michopoulos V. Sex and social status modify the effects of fluoxetine on socioemotional behaviors in Syrian hamsters and rhesus macaques. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 215:173362. [PMID: 35219757 PMCID: PMC8983589 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Social subordination increases risk for psychiatric disorders, while dominance increases resilience to these disorders. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin (5HT) reuptake inhibitor whose actions are mediated in part by the 5HT1A receptor (5HT1AR), has sex- and social status-specific effects on socioemotional behavior and aggressive behavior. However, the impact of social status on these sex-specific effects remains unclear. The current study evaluated the impact of acute fluoxetine treatment and social status on dominance-related behaviors in female and male hamsters, and the impact of chronic fluoxetine treatment on socioemotional behavior and 5HT1AR binding potential (5HT1ARBP) in female rhesus macaques. We hypothesized that sex differences in the effects of fluoxetine on aggression in hamsters would be diminished in dominant and enhanced in subordinate males and that aggression in female hamsters would be enhanced in dominants and diminished in subordinates. In female rhesus macaques, we hypothesized that chronic fluoxetine would alter socioemotional behaviors and site-specific 5HT1ARBP in a status-dependent manner. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 56) hamsters were paired with conspecifics for three days to establish social rank. Hamsters received a single dose of 20 mg/kg fluoxetine or vehicle two-hours prior to a test with a non-aggressive intruder. Female rhesus monkeys (n = 14) housed were administered fluoxetine (2.8 mg/kg/day) or vehicle injections chronically for 14-days, separated by a three-week washout period. On Day 15, positron emission tomography neuroimaging for 5HT1ARBP was conducted. Fluoxetine treatment decreased aggression in subordinate female monkeys and subordinate female hamsters but not in dominant females of either species. Fluoxetine decreased aggression in dominant but not in subordinate male hamsters. Fluoxetine also reduced and increased prefrontal 5HT1ARBP in dominant and subordinate females, respectively. Taken together, these results provide cross-species evidence that social status and sex impact how increased 5HT modulates agonistic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dené A Voisin
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Alison Wakeford
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Jonathon Nye
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Jiyoung Mun
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Molecular Imaging Department, Charles River Laboratories, Mattawan, MI, United States of America
| | - Sara R Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Jason Locke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Kim L Huhman
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Mark E Wilson
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - H Elliott Albers
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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5
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De Oliveira Sergio T, Wetherill L, Kwok C, Khoyloo F, Hopf FW. Sex differences in specific aspects of two animal tests of anxiety-like behavior. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2775-2787. [PMID: 34120205 PMCID: PMC11071636 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Anxiety, a negative state of high arousal and vigilance, is especially prevalent in women, making identification of underlying mechanisms critical for developing effective therapies. With the challenge of disentangling biological and social factors in humans, animal tests can provide valuable insights, although such tests, developed in males, have unclear validity for females. OBJECTIVE To better understand patterns of sex differences across multiple measures within two classical rodent anxiety tests. METHODS We examined female and male adult Wistar rats (n = 15-18/group) that were single-housed in the novelty suppression of feeding test (NSFT) that involves food under a bright light in food-restricted animals, and light-dark test (LDT), which reflects innate aversion to bright light. To further validate these tests in females, we also examined the impact of 1 mg/kg diazepam. RESULTS NSFT measures of the most direct interaction with food, latency to grab food and food consumed, indicated increased anxiety-like behavior in females versus males, with diazepam altering these behaviors in females but not males. Most other measures showed more similar effects of diazepam across the sexes, with some evidence of reduced anxiety-like behavior in LDT for females. Principal component analyses indicated limited relationships across behavioral factors, underscoring previous suggestions of the importance of assessing multiple measures to maximize information and ethological relevance. CONCLUSIONS Combining our findings and previous studies, we speculate that increased anxiety-like behavior in females manifests especially when there is a specific, life-relevant condition (e.g., food in the NSFT). Our findings also validate NSFT and LDT use in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatiane De Oliveira Sergio
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 300E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California At San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Claudina Kwok
- Department of Neurology, University of California At San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Farrah Khoyloo
- Department of Neurology, University of California At San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frederic W Hopf
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 300E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California At San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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6
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Wang Z, Li C, Ding J, Li Y, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Wang X, Fan H, Huang J, He Y, Li J, Chen J, Qiu P. Basolateral Amygdala Serotonin 2C Receptor Regulates Emotional Disorder-Related Symptoms Induced by Chronic Methamphetamine Administration. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:627307. [PMID: 33628192 PMCID: PMC7897655 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, methamphetamine (MA) is the second most abused drug, with psychotic symptoms being one of the most common adverse effects. Emotional disorders induced by MA abuse have been widely reported both in human and animal models; however, the mechanisms underlying such disorders have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, a chronic MA administration mouse model was utilized to elucidate the serotonergic pathway involved in MA-induced emotional disorders. After 4 weeks of MA administration, the animals exhibited significantly increased depressive and anxious symptoms. Molecular and morphological evidence showed that chronic MA administration reduced the expression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) rate-limiting enzyme, tryptophan hydroxylase 2, in the dorsal raphe and the concentrations of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) nuclei. Alterations in both 5-HT and 5-HT receptor levels occurred simultaneously in BLA; quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and fluorescence analysis revealed that the expression of the 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) increased. Neuropharmacology and virus-mediated silencing strategies confirmed that targeting 5-HT2CR reversed the depressive and anxious behaviors induced by chronic MA administration. In the BLA, 5-HT2CR-positive cells co-localized with GABAergic interneurons. The inactivation of 5-HT2CR ameliorated impaired GABAergic inhibition and decreased BLA activation. Thus, herein, for the first time, we report that the abnormal regulation of 5-HT2CR is involved in the manifestation of emotional disorder-like symptoms induced by chronic MA use. Our study suggests that 5-HT2CR in the BLA is a promising clinical target for the treatment of MA-induced emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanning Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitong He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Pereyra AE, Mininni CJ, Zanutto BS. Serotonergic modulation of basolateral amygdala nucleus in the extinction of reward-driven learning: The role of 5-HT bioavailability and 5-HT 1A receptor. Behav Brain Res 2021; 404:113161. [PMID: 33571570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission has been associated with reward-related behaviour. Moreover, the serotonergic system modulates the basolateral amygdala (BLA), a structure involved in reward encoding, and reward prediction error. However, the role played by 5-HT on BLA during a reward-driven task has not been fully elucidated. In this paper, we investigated whether serotonergic modulation of the BLA is involved in reward-driven learning. To this end, we trained Long Evans rats in an operant conditioning task, and examined the effects of fluoxetine treatment (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, 10 mg/kg) in combination with BLA lesions with NMDA (20 mg/mL) on extinction learning. We also investigated whether intra-BLA injection of the serotonergic 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH DPAT, or antagonist WAY-100635, alters extinction performance. We found that fluoxetine treatment strongly accelerated extinction learning, while BLA lesions partially reverted this effect and slightly impaired consolidation of extinction. Stimulation and inhibition of 5-HT1A receptors in BLA induced opposite effects to those of fluoxetine, impairing or accelerating extinction performance, respectively. Our findings suggest that 5-HT modulates reward-driven learning, and 5-HT1A receptors located in the BLA are relevant for extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ezequiel Pereyra
- Instituto de Biologı́a y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Camilo J Mininni
- Instituto de Biologı́a y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingenierı́a, Instituto de Ingenierı́a Biomédica (IIBM), CABA, Argentina.
| | - B Silvano Zanutto
- Instituto de Biologı́a y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingenierı́a, Instituto de Ingenierı́a Biomédica (IIBM), CABA, Argentina.
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8
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Vilela-Costa HH, Maraschin JC, Casarotto PC, Sant'Ana AB, de Bortoli VC, Vicente MA, Campos AC, Guimarães FS, Zangrossi H. Role of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2C receptors of the dorsal periaqueductal gray in the anxiety- and panic-modulating effects of antidepressants in rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 404:113159. [PMID: 33571572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressant drugs are first-line treatment for panic disorder. Facilitation of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG), a key panic-associated area, has been implicated in the panicolytic effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. However, it is still unknown whether this mechanism accounts for the antipanic effect of other classes of antidepressants drugs (ADs) and whether the 5-HT interaction with 5-HT2C receptors in this midbrain area (which increases anxiety) is implicated in the anxiogenic effect caused by short-term treatment with ADs. The results showed that previous injection of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 in the dPAG blocked the panicolytic-like effect caused by chronic systemic administration of the tricyclic AD imipramine in male Wistar rats tested in the elevated T-maze. Neither chronic treatment with imipramine nor fluoxetine changed the expression of 5-HT1A receptors in the dPAG. Treatment with these ADs also failed to significantly change ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal regulated kinase) phosphorylation level in this midbrain area. Blockade of 5-HT2C receptors in the dPAG with the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB-242084 did not change the anxiogenic effect caused by a single acute injection of fluoxetine or imipramine in the Vogel conflict test. These results reinforce the view that the facilitation of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the dPAG is a common mechanism involved in the panicolytic effect caused by chronic administration of ADs. On the other hand, the anxiogenic effect observed after short-term treatment with these drugs does not depend on 5-HT2C receptors located in the dPAG.
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MESH Headings
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Anxiety/drug therapy
- Blotting, Western
- Elevated Plus Maze Test
- Fluoxetine/pharmacology
- Imipramine/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Male
- Open Field Test/drug effects
- Panic/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/metabolism
- Periaqueductal Gray/physiology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/physiology
- Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa H Vilela-Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan Christian Maraschin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Beatriz Sant'Ana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valquiria C de Bortoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria Adrielle Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alline Cristina Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Fukuwada N, Kanno M, Yoshida S, Seki K. Gαq protein signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis regulate the lipopolysaccharide-induced despair-like behavior in mice. AIMS Neurosci 2020; 7:438-458. [PMID: 33263080 PMCID: PMC7701371 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly comorbid with anxiety disorders. It has been reported that the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is important for the induction of anxiety and MDD. Recently, the Gαq protein signaling within the BNST is involved in the induction of anxiety through Gαq protein signaling-mediated RNA-editing of GluR2 subunit, which produces the calcium (Ca2+)-impermeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor. On the other hand, the role of Gαq protein signaling within the BNST on the induction of MDD has never been reported yet. Therefore, we investigated whether Gαq protein signaling-producing the Ca2+-impermeable AMPA receptors in the BNST is involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior, particularly, despair-like behavior. When mice were systemically challenged with a single dose of LPS (1.2 mg/kg, i.p.), the immobility time during tail suspension test (TST) was increased 24 h after LPS injection. However, pretreatment with bilateral intra-BNST injection of neomycin (6.5 mM, 0.125 µL/side), an inhibitor of phospholipase C that is activated by Gαq protein-coupled receptor stimulation, extended the LPS-induced increase in the immobility time of TST. Furthermore, the co-pretreatment with bilateral intra-BNST injection of neomycin with 1-naphthylacetyl spermine (3 mM, 0.125 µL/side), an antagonist of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor, to mimic one of the final forms of Gαq protein activation, abolished the aggravated effect of neomycin and significantly shortened the immobility time compared with the control mice with an intra-BNST injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid before LPS injection. However, pretreatment with bilateral intra-BNST injection of MDL-12,330A (10 µM, 0.125 µL/side), an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase that is activated by Gαs protein-coupled receptor stimulation, did not affect the LPS-induced increase in the immobility time of TST. These results indicate that the Gαq protein signaling-mediated RNA-editing of GluR2, which produces the Ca2+-impermeable AMPA receptors within the BNST, regulates the LPS-induced despair-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Fukuwada
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan
| | - Miki Kanno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan
| | - Satomi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Seki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan
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10
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Baptista-de-Souza D, Tavares LRR, Furuya-da-Cunha EM, Carneiro de Oliveira PE, Canto-de-Souza L, Nunes-de-Souza RL, Canto-de-Souza A. Chronic Fluoxetine Impairs the Effects of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2C Receptors Activation in the PAG and Amygdala on Antinociception Induced by Aversive Situation in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:260. [PMID: 32218734 PMCID: PMC7078365 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests an important role of fluoxetine with serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors in the modulation of emotion and nociception in brain areas such as the amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG). Acute fluoxetine impairs 5-HT2C (but not 5-HT1A) receptor activation in the amygdaloid complex. Given that fluoxetine produces its clinical therapeutic effects only when given chronically, this study investigated the effects of chronic treatment with fluoxetine on the effects produced by 5-HT1A or 5-HT2C receptors activation in the amygdala or PAG on fear-induced antinociception. We recorded the effects of chronic fluoxetine on serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels as well as serotonin turnover; 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptor protein levels in the amygdala and PAG. Also, we evaluated the effects of chronic fluoxetine combined with intra-amygdala or intra-PAG injection of MK-212 (a 5-HT2C agonist; 0.63 nmol) or 8-OH-DPAT (a 5-HT1A agonist; 10 nmol) on the antinociceptive response in mice confined in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Nociception was assessed with the writhing test induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% acetic acid. Results showed that fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, s.c.) enhanced the open-arm induced antinociception (OAA) and reduced the number of writhes in mice confined in the enclosed arm, featuring an analgesic effect. In addition, fluoxetine increased the expression of 5-HT2C receptors and 5-HT levels whereas reduced its turnover in the amygdala. While fluoxetine did not change 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels, and its turnover in the PAG, it up-regulated 5HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors in this midbrain area. Chronic fluoxetine (5.0 mg/Kg, an intrinsically inactive dose on nociception) antagonized the enhancement of OAA produced by intra-amygdala or intra-PAG injection of MK-212. Fluoxetine also impaired the attenuation of OAA induced by intra-amygdala injection of 8-OH-DPAT and totally prevented OAA in mice that received intra-PAG 8-OH-DPAT. These results suggest that (i) 5-HT may facilitate nociception and intensify OAA, acting at amygdala 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, respectively, and (ii) fluoxetine modulates the OAA through activation of 5-HT2C receptors within the PAG. These findings indicate that chronic fluoxetine impairs the effects of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors activation in the amygdala and PAG on fear-induced antinociception in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baptista-de-Souza
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lígia Renata Rodrigues Tavares
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Elke Mayumi Furuya-da-Cunha
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Carneiro de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lucas Canto-de-Souza
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Nunes-de-Souza
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Azair Canto-de-Souza
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Psychology UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
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Gonçalves NGG, de Araújo JIF, Magalhães FEA, Mendes FRS, Lobo MDP, Moreira ACDOM, Moreira RDA. Protein fraction from Artocarpus altilis pulp exhibits antioxidant properties and reverses anxiety behavior in adult zebrafish via the serotoninergic system. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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12
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Fu R, Mei Q, Shiwalkar N, Zuo W, Zhang H, Gregor D, Patel S, Ye JH. Anxiety during alcohol withdrawal involves 5-HT2C receptors and M-channels in the lateral habenula. Neuropharmacology 2019; 163:107863. [PMID: 31778691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders often co-occur with alcohol use disorders, but the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain elusive. Previously, we reported that rats withdrawn from chronic alcohol consumption (Post-EtOH rats) exhibited robust anxiety-like behaviors (AB), which were accompanied by neuronal hyperexcitability, and the downregulation of M-type potassium channels (M-channels) in the lateral habenula (LHb); and that serotonin (5-HT) stimulated LHb neurons via type 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs). Also, 5-HT2CR activation is known to inhibit M-current in mouse hypothalamic neurons. The present study investigated whether LHb 5-HT2CRs and M-channels contribute to AB in adult male Long-Evans rats. We used the intermittent-access to 20% ethanol two-bottle free-choice drinking paradigm to induce dependence. We measured AB with the elevated plus-maze, open-field, and marble-burying tests at 24 h withdrawal. We found that intra-LHb infusion of SB242084, a selective 5-HT2CR antagonist alleviated AB and reduced the elevated c-Fos expression in the LHb of Post-EtOH rats. By contrast, intra-LHb infusion of the selective 5-HT2CR agonist WAY161503 induced AB and increased c-Fos expression in the LHb in alcohol-naive but not Post-EtOH rats. Also, intra-LHb SB242084 significantly reduced self-administration of alcohol intake in the operant chambers. Furthermore, both 5-HT2CR protein levels and 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was increased in the LHb of Post-EtOH rats. Finally, intra-LHb SB242084 increased LHb KCNQ2/3 membrane protein expression in Post-EtOH rats. Collectively, these results suggest that enhanced LHb 5-HT2CR signaling that interacted with M-channels triggers AB in Post-EtOH rats and that 5-HT2CRs may be a promising target for treating comorbid anxiety disorders in alcoholics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Qinghua Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Nimisha Shiwalkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Wanhong Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Danielle Gregor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Shivani Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jiang-Hong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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Ji G, Neugebauer V. Contribution of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 (CRF1) to Serotonin Receptor 5-HT 2CR Function in Amygdala Neurons in a Neuropathic Pain Model. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4380. [PMID: 31489921 PMCID: PMC6770811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala plays a key role in emotional-affective aspects of pain and in pain modulation. The central nucleus (CeA) serves major amygdala output functions related to emotional-affective behaviors and pain modulation. Our previous studies implicated the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system in amygdala plasticity and pain behaviors in an arthritis model. We also showed that serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT2CR in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) contributes to increased CeA output and neuropathic pain-like behaviors. Here, we tested the novel hypothesis that 5-HT2CR in the BLA drives CRF1 receptor activation to increase CeA neuronal activity in neuropathic pain. Extracellular single-unit recordings of CeA neurons in anesthetized adult male rats detected increased activity in neuropathic rats (spinal nerve ligation model) compared to sham controls. Increased CeA activity was blocked by local knockdown or pharmacological blockade of 5-HT2CR in the BLA, using stereotaxic administration of 5-HT2CR short hairpin RNA (shRNA) viral vector or a 5-HT2CR antagonist (SB242084), respectively. Stereotaxic administration of a CRF1 receptor antagonist (NBI27914) into the BLA also decreased CeA activity in neuropathic rats and blocked the facilitatory effects of a 5-HT2CR agonist (WAY161503) administered stereotaxically into the BLA. Conversely, local (BLA) knockdown of 5-HT2CR eliminated the inhibitory effect of NBI27914 and the facilitatory effect of WAY161503 in neuropathic rats. The data suggest that 5-HT2CR activation in the BLA contributes to neuropathic pain-related amygdala (CeA) activity by engaging CRF1 receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA.
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79424, USA.
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Sant’Ana AB, Vilela-Costa HH, Vicente MA, Hernandes PM, de Andrade TGCS, Zangrossi H. Role of 5-HT2C receptors of the dorsal hippocampus in the modulation of anxiety- and panic-related defensive responses in rats. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:311-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vilela-Costa HH, Spiacci A, Bissolli IG, Zangrossi H. A Shift in the Activation of Serotonergic and Non-serotonergic Neurons in the Dorsal Raphe Lateral Wings Subnucleus Underlies the Panicolytic-Like Effect of Fluoxetine in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6487-6500. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Frias AT, Fernandes GG, Zangrossi H. GABA A/benzodiazepine receptors in the dorsal periaqueductal gray mediate the panicolytic but not the anxiolytic effect of alprazolam in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 364:99-105. [PMID: 30768992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of panic disorder (PD) remains elusive, accumulating evidence suggests a key role for the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG). There is also evidence that this midbrain area is critically involved in mediation of the panicolytic effect of antidepressants, which with high potency benzodiazepines (e.g. alprazolam and clonazepam) are first line treatment for PD. Whether the dPAG is also implicated in the antipanic effect of the latter drugs is, however, still unknown. We here investigated the consequences of blocking GABAA or benzodiazepine receptors within the dPAG, with bicuculline (5 pmol) and flumazenil (80 nmol), respectively, on the panicolytic and anxiolytic effects of alprazolam (4 mg/kg). Microinjection of these antagonists fully blocked the anti-escape effect, considered as a panicolytic-like action, caused by a single systemic injection of alprazolam in male Wistar rats submitted to the elevated T-maze. These antagonists, however, did not affect the anxiolytic effect of the benzodiazepine on inhibitory avoidance acquisition and punished responding, measured in the elevated T-maze and Vogel conflict tests, respectively. Altogether, our findings show the involvement of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors of the dPAG in the panicolytic, but not the anxiolytic effect caused by alprazolam. They also implicate the dPAG as the fulcrum of the effects of different classes of clinically effective antipanic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Tercino Frias
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gripp Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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5-HT 2A receptor loss does not alter acute fluoxetine-induced anxiety and exhibit sex-dependent regulation of cortical immediate early gene expression. Neuronal Signal 2019; 3:NS20180205. [PMID: 32714597 PMCID: PMC7363295 DOI: 10.1042/ns20180205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine (Flx), induces anxiety-like behavioral effects. The serotonin2A receptor (5-HT2A) is implicated in the modulation of anxiety-like behavior, however its contribution to the anxiogenic effects of acute Flx remains unclear. Here, we examined the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in the effects of acute Flx on anxiety-like behavior, serum corticosterone levels, neural activation and immediate early gene (IEG) expression in stress-responsive brain regions, using 5-HT2A receptor knockout (5-HT2A−/−) mice of both sexes. Methods: 5-HT2A−/− and wild-type (WT) male and female mice received a single administration of Flx or vehicle, and were examined for anxiety-like behavior, serum corticosterone levels, FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog peptide (c-Fos) positive cell numbers in stress-responsive brain regions of the hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and PFC IEG expression. Results: The increased anxiety-like behavior and enhanced corticosterone levels evoked by acute Flx were unaltered in 5-HT2A−/− mice of both sexes. 5-HT2A−/− female mice exhibited a diminished neural activation in the hypothalamus in response to acute Flx. Further, 5-HT2A−/− male, but not female, mice displayed altered baseline expression of several IEGs (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), Egr2, Egr4, FBJ osteosarcoma gene (Fos), FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (Fosb), Fos-like antigen 2 (Fosl2), Homer scaffolding protein (Homer) 1-3 (Homer1-3), Jun proto-oncogene (Jun)) in the PFC. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the increased anxiety and serum corticosterone levels evoked by acute Flx are not influenced by 5-HT2A receptor deficiency. However, the loss of function of the 5-HT2A receptor alters the degree of neural activation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus in response to acute Flx, and baseline expression of several IEGs in the PFC in a sexually dimorphic manner.
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Pereira MM, de Morais H, Dos Santos Silva E, Corso CR, Adami ER, Carlos RM, Acco A, Zanoveli JM. The antioxidant gallic acid induces anxiolytic-, but not antidepressant-like effect, in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1573-1584. [PMID: 29934859 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The physiopathology of anxiety or depression related to diabetes is still poorly understood. The treatment with antidepressant drugs is a huge challenge due to theirs adherence low rate and many adverse effects. Thus, the seeking for a better treatment for these associated diseases is of utmost importance. Given that the oxidative stress in different tissues occurs in diabetes and anxiety or depression as well, the antioxidant gallic acid becomes an interesting compound to be investigated. Thus, the effects of long-term treatment with gallic acid (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg; gavage) were evaluated in diabetic (DBT) animals submitted to the elevated plus-maze (EPM), the light-dark transition (LDT) tests and modified forced swim test (mFST). Also, indirect parameters of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated in the hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The results showed that DBT animals presented a decrease in the spent time in the open arms, in the end arm exploration and head dips when evaluated in the EPM test; moreover, a decrease in the spent time in the lit compartment of LDT test was observed, suggesting an anxiogenic-like behavior. During the mFST, an increase in the mean counts of immobility and a decrease in the mean counts of swimming and climbing were observed, indicating a depressive-like behavior. These aversive behaviors were more pronounced when compared to normoglycemic (NGL) animals and streptozotocin-treated animals that not become DBT. In addition, DBT rats showed an increase in the oxidative stress parameters in the HIP and PFC that was reversed by the gallic acid treatment (lowest dose - 10 mg/kg), i.e., the treatment decreased the elevated LPO levels and increased the reduced GSH in the HIP and PFC. Also, gallic acid treatment was able to produce an anxiolytic-like effect in the EPM and LDT tests, but not antidepressant-like effect in the FST. Taken together, the results suggest that the antioxidant/neuroprotective effect of gallic acid treatment in HIP and PFC of DBT animals may be essential to the anxiolytic-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Machado Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Helen de Morais
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Eldevan Dos Santos Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235 CP 676, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Eliana Rezende Adami
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Rose Maria Carlos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235 CP 676, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil
| | - Janaina Menezes Zanoveli
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Building, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Coronel H dos Santos S/N, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba-PR, 81540-990, Brazil.
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Tavares LRR, Baptista-de-Souza D, Canto-de-Souza A. Activation of 5-HT2C (but not 5-HT1A) receptors in the amygdala enhances fear-induced antinociception: Blockade with local 5-HT2C antagonist or systemic fluoxetine. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:376-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Siba IP, Bortolanza M, Frazão Vital MAB, Andreatini R, da Cunha JM, Del Bel EA, Zanoveli JM. Fish oil prevents rodent anxious states comorbid with diabetes: A putative involvement of nitric oxide modulation. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:173-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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5-HT 2C Receptor Knockdown in the Amygdala Inhibits Neuropathic-Pain-Related Plasticity and Behaviors. J Neurosci 2016; 37:1378-1393. [PMID: 28011743 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2468-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity in the amygdala drives pain-related behaviors. The central nucleus (CeA) serves major amygdala output functions and can generate emotional-affective behaviors and modulate nocifensive responses. The CeA receives excitatory and inhibitory inputs from the basolateral nucleus (BLA) and serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT2CR in the BLA, but not CeA, has been implicated anxiogenic behaviors and anxiety disorders. Here, we tested the hypothesis that 5-HT2CR in the BLA plays a critical role in CeA plasticity and neuropathic pain behaviors in the rat spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model. Local 5-HT2CR knockdown in the BLA with stereotaxic injection of 5-HT2CR shRNA AAV vector decreased vocalizations and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and increased sensory thresholds of SNL rats, but had no effect in sham controls. Extracellular single-unit recordings of CeA neurons in anesthetized rats showed that 5-HT2CR knockdown blocked the increase in neuronal activity (increased responsiveness, irregular spike firing, and increased burst activity) in SNL rats. At the synaptic level, 5-HT2CR knockdown blocked the increase in excitatory transmission from BLA to CeA recorded in brain slices from SNL rats using whole-cell patch-clamp conditions. Inhibitory transmission was decreased by 5-HT2CR knockdown in control and SNL conditions to a similar degree. The findings can be explained by immunohistochemical data showing increased expression of 5-HT2CR in non-GABAergic BLA cells in SNL rats. The results suggest that increased 5-HT2CR in the BLA contributes to neuropathic-pain-related amygdala plasticity by driving synaptic excitation of CeA neurons. As a rescue strategy, 5-HT2CR knockdown in the BLA inhibits neuropathic-pain-related behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuroplasticity in the amygdala has emerged as an important pain mechanism. This study identifies a novel target and rescue strategy to control abnormally enhanced amygdala activity in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Specifically, an integrative approach of gene transfer, systems and brain slice electrophysiology, behavior, and immunohistochemistry was used to advance the novel concept that serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT2C contributes critically to the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory drive of amygdala output neurons. Local viral vector-mediated 5-HT2CR knockdown in the amygdala normalizes the imbalance, decreases neuronal activity, and inhibits neuropathic-pain-related behaviors. The study provides valuable insight into serotonin receptor (dys)function in a limbic brain area.
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Lax NC, Ahmed KT, Ignatz CM, Spadafora C, Kolber BJ, Tidgewell KJ. Marine cyanobacteria-derived serotonin receptor 2C active fraction induces psychoactive behavioral effects in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2723-2731. [PMID: 27181630 PMCID: PMC5155707 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1181659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Marine cyanobacteria offer a robust resource for natural products drug discovery due to the secondary metabolites they produce. OBJECTIVE To identify novel cyanobacterial compounds that exhibit CNS psychoactive effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cyanobacteria were collected from Las Perlas Archipelago, Panama and subjected to dichloromethane/methanol extraction and fractionation by column chromatography before being screened for affinity against a panel of CNS targets. A 50:50 ethyl acetate:methanol fraction of one cyanobacterial extract (2064H) was subjected to HPLC and the major peak was isolated (2064H3). At a dose of 20 μg per animal, 2064H and 2064H3 were tested in mice using behavioral assays that included the forced swim, open field and formalin tests. RESULTS 2064H was shown to bind to the serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptor, a known target for depression and pain treatment. 2064H showed 59.6% inhibition of binding of [3H]-mesulergine with an IC50 value of 179 ng/mL and did not show inhibition of binding greater than 45% with any other receptors tested. Both 2064H and 2064H3 decreased immobility time in the first minute of the tail suspension test. 2064H increased time, distance and number of entries in the center region in the first half of the open field test. 2064H increased overall nocifensive behaviors in the formalin test. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Overall, manipulating the 5-HT2C receptor with these receptor-specific ligands derived from cyanobacteria altered pain, depression and anxiety-like behaviors, illustrating the importance of this receptor in affective behaviors. These results demonstrate the potential of cyanobacteria as a source for CNS active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil C. Lax
- Duquesne University Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- Duquesne University Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Kh Tanvir Ahmed
- Duquesne University Mylan School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- Duquesne University Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Christopher M. Ignatz
- Duquesne University Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- Duquesne University Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Carmenza Spadafora
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia, Clayton, Apartado 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Benedict J. Kolber
- Duquesne University Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- Duquesne University Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Kevin J. Tidgewell
- Duquesne University Mylan School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- Duquesne University Chronic Pain Research Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
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Danielewicz J, Trenk A, Hess G. Imipramine ameliorates early life stress-induced alterations in synaptic plasticity in the rat lateral amygdala. Behav Brain Res 2016; 317:319-326. [PMID: 27693266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are two opposite forms of synaptic plasticity at the cortical and thalamic inputs to the lateral amygdala (LA). It has been demonstrated that maternal separation (MS) of rat pups results in alterations in the potential for both pathways to undergo LTP and LTD in adolescence. Imipramine, a prototypic tricyclic antidepressant, has been shown to counteract some detrimental effects of MS on rat behavior, however it is not known whether MS-induced alterations in the potential for bidirectional synaptic plasticity in the LA could be reversed by imipramine treatment. To this end, rat pups were subjected to MS (3h/day) on postnatal days (PNDs) 1-21. On each of PNDs 29-42, male rats previously subjected to MS were injected subcutaneously with imipramine (10mg/kg). Field potentials were recorded ex vivo from slices containing the LA and saturating levels of LTP and LTD were induced. At the thalamic input to the LA, both the maximum LTP and the maximum LTD were reduced in rats subjected to MS when compared to control animals, confirming earlier results. However, these effects were no longer present in rats subjected to MS and later treated with imipramine. At the cortical input in slices prepared from MS-subjected rats, an impairment of the maximum LTP and an enhancement of the maximum LTD were observed. At the cortical input in rats subjected to MS and receiving imipramine treatment, the level of LTD was comparable to control but imipramine did not restore the potential for LTP at this input. These results demonstrate that imipramine fully reverses the effects of MS in the thalamo-amygdalar pathway, however, in the cortico-amygdalar pathway the reversal of the effects of MS by imipramine is partial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grzegorz Hess
- Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Smetna street 12, Poland.
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Belmer A, Klenowski PM, Patkar OL, Bartlett SE. Mapping the connectivity of serotonin transporter immunoreactive axons to excitatory and inhibitory neurochemical synapses in the mouse limbic brain. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:1297-1314. [PMID: 27485750 PMCID: PMC5368196 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin neurons arise from the brainstem raphe nuclei and send their projections throughout the brain to release 5-HT which acts as a modulator of several neuronal populations. Previous electron microscopy studies in rats have morphologically determined the distribution of 5-HT release sites (boutons) in certain brain regions and have shown that 5-HT containing boutons form synaptic contacts that are either symmetric or asymmetric. In addition, 5-HT boutons can form synaptic triads with the pre- and postsynaptic specializations of either symmetrical or asymmetrical synapses. However, due to the labor intensive processing of serial sections required by electron microscopy, little is known about the neurochemical properties or the quantitative distribution of 5-HT triads within whole brain or discrete subregions. Therefore, we used a semi-automated approach that combines immunohistochemistry and high-resolution confocal microscopy to label serotonin transporter (SERT) immunoreactive axons and reconstruct in 3D their distribution within limbic brain regions. We also used antibodies against key pre- (synaptophysin) and postsynaptic components of excitatory (PSD95) or inhibitory (gephyrin) synapses to (1) identify putative 5-HTergic boutons within SERT immunoreactive axons and, (2) quantify their close apposition to neurochemical excitatory or inhibitory synapses. We provide a 5-HTergic axon density map and have determined the ratio of synaptic triads consisting of a 5-HT bouton in close proximity to either neurochemical excitatory or inhibitory synapses within different limbic brain areas. The ability to model and map changes in 5-HTergic axonal density and the formation of triadic connectivity within whole brain regions using this rapid and quantitative approach offers new possibilities for studying neuroplastic changes in the 5-HTergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnauld Belmer
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - Paul M Klenowski
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - Omkar L Patkar
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - Selena E Bartlett
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia. .,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Linley SB, Olucha-Bordonau F, Vertes RP. Pattern of distribution of serotonergic fibers to the amygdala and extended amygdala in the rat. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:116-139. [PMID: 27213991 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As is well recognized, serotonergic (5-HT) fibers distribute widely throughout the forebrain, including the amygdala. Although a few reports have examined the 5-HT innervation of select nuclei of the amygdala in the rat, no previous report has described overall 5-HT projections to the amygdala in the rat. Using immunostaining for the serotonin transporter, SERT, we describe the complete pattern of distribution of 5-HT fibers to the amygdala (proper) and to the extended amygdala in the rat. Based on its ontogenetic origins, the amygdala was subdivided into two major parts, pallial and subpallial components, with the pallial component further divided into superficial and deep nuclei (Olucha-Bordonau et al. 2015). SERT+ fibers were shown to distributed moderately to densely to the deep and cortical pallial nuclei, but, by contrast, lightly to the subpallial nuclei. Specifically, 1) of the deep pallial nuclei, the lateral, basolateral, and basomedial nuclei contained a very dense concentration of 5-HT fibers; 2) of the cortical pallial nuclei, the anterior cortical and amygdala-cortical transition zone rostrally and the posteromedial and posterolateral nuclei caudally contained a moderate concentration of 5-HT fibers; and 3) of the subpallial nuclei, the anterior nuclei and the rostral part of the medial (Me) nuclei contained a moderate concentration of 5-HT fibers, whereas caudal regions of Me as well as the central nuclei and the intercalated nuclei contained a sparse/light concentration of 5-HT fibers. With regard to the extended amygdala (primarily the bed nucleus of stria terminalis; BST), on the whole, the BST contained moderate numbers of 5-HT fibers, spread fairly uniformly throughout BST. The findings are discussed with respect to a critical serotonergic influence on the amygdala, particularly on the basal complex, and on the extended amygdala in the control of states of fear and anxiety. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:116-139, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Linley
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, 33431.,Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, 33431
| | - Francisco Olucha-Bordonau
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Robert P Vertes
- Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, 33431
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Krishnan B. Amygdala-Hippocampal Phospholipase D (PLD) Signaling As Novel Mechanism of Cocaine-Environment Maladaptive Conditioned Responses. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyv139. [PMID: 26802567 PMCID: PMC4926798 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-environment associative memory mechanisms and the resulting conditioned behaviors are key contributors in relapse to cocaine dependence. Recently, we reported rat amygdala phospholipase D as a key convergent downstream signaling partner in the expression of cocaine-conditioned behaviors mediated by glutamatergic and dopaminergic pathways. In the present study, 1 of the 2 known upstream serotonergic targets of phospholipase D, the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) 2C receptor, was investigated for its role in recruiting phospholipase D signaling in cocaine-conditioned behaviors altered in the rat amygdala and dorsal hippocampus. METHODS Using Western-blot analysis, amygdala phospholipase D phosphorylation and total expression of phospholipase D/5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor were observed in early (Day-1) and late (Day-14) withdrawal (cocaine-free) states among male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to 7-day cocaine-conditioned hyperactivity training. Functional studies were conducted using Chinese Hamster Ovary cells with stably transfected human unedited isoform of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor. RESULTS Phosphorylation of phospholipase D isoforms was altered in the Day-1 group of cocaine-conditioned animals, while increased amygdala and decreased dorsal hippocampus phospholipase D/5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor protein expression were observed in the Day-14 cocaine-conditioned rats. Functional cellular studies established that increased p phospholipase D is a mechanistic response to 5-HT2CR activation and provided the first evidence of a biased agonism by specific 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist, WAY163909 in phospholipase D phosphorylation 2, but not phospholipase D phosphorylation 1 activation. CONCLUSIONS Phospholipase D signaling, activated by dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic signaling, can be a common downstream element recruited in associative memory mechanisms altered by cocaine, where increased expression in amygdala and decreased expression in dorsal hippocampus may result in altered anxiety states and increased locomotor responses, respectively.
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Jensen M, Ratner C, Rudenko O, Christiansen SH, Skov LJ, Hundahl C, Woldbye DPD, Holst B. Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Increased Ghrelin Receptor Signaling in the Amygdala. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyv123. [PMID: 26578081 PMCID: PMC4886665 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the well-known effects of ghrelin on adiposity and food intake regulation, the ghrelin system has been shown to regulate aspects of behavior including anxiety and stress. However, the effect of virus-mediated overexpression of the ghrelin receptor in the amygdala has not previously been addressed directly. METHODS First, we examined the acute effect of peripheral ghrelin administration on anxiety- and depression-like behavior using the open field, elevated plus maze, forced swim, and tail suspension tests. Next, we examined the effect of peripheral ghrelin administration and ghrelin receptor deficiency on stress in a familiar and social environment using the Intellicage system. Importantly, we also used a novel approach to study ghrelin receptor signaling in the brain by overexpressing the ghrelin receptor in the amygdala. We examined the effect of ghrelin receptor overexpression on anxiety-related behavior before and after acute stress and measured the modulation of serotonin receptor expression. RESULTS We found that ghrelin caused an anxiolytic-like effect in both the open field and elevated plus maze tests. Additionally, it attenuated air-puff-induced stress in the social environment, while the opposite was shown in ghrelin receptor deficient mice. Finally, we found that overexpression of the ghrelin receptor in the basolateral division of the amygdala caused an anxiolytic-like effect and decreased the 5HT1a receptor expression. CONCLUSIONS Ghrelin administration and overexpression of the ghrelin receptor in the amygdala induces anxiolytic-like behavior. Since the ghrelin receptor has high constitutive activity, ligand-independent signaling in vivo may be important for the observed anxiolytic-like effects. The anxiolytic effects seem to be mediated independently from the HPA axis, potentially engaging the central serotonin system.
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MESH Headings
- Amygdala/drug effects
- Amygdala/metabolism
- Amygdala/physiopathology
- Animals
- Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology
- Anxiety/genetics
- Anxiety/metabolism
- Anxiety/prevention & control
- Anxiety/psychology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Ghrelin/pharmacology
- Hindlimb Suspension
- Humans
- Locomotion/drug effects
- Male
- Maze Learning/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptors, Ghrelin/agonists
- Receptors, Ghrelin/genetics
- Receptors, Ghrelin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Social Behavior
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
- Stress, Psychological/psychology
- Swimming
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Jensen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Cecilia Ratner
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Olga Rudenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Søren H Christiansen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Louise J Skov
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Cecilie Hundahl
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - David P D Woldbye
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye)
| | - Birgitte Holst
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mr Jensen, Ms Ratner, Dr Rudenko, Ms Skov, Ms Hundahl, and Dr Holst); Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Christiansen and Woldbye).
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Evaluation of heat hyperalgesia and anxiety like-behaviors in a rat model of orofacial cancer. Neurosci Lett 2016; 619:100-5. [PMID: 26952973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pain and anxiety are commonly experienced by cancer patients and both significantly impair their quality of life. Some authors claim that there is a relationship between pain and anxiety, while others suggest that there is not a direct association. In any case, there is indeed a consensus that anxiety impairs the pain condition beyond be under diagnosed and undertreated in cancer pain patients. Herein we investigated if rats presenting heat hyperalgesia induced by orofacial cancer cell inoculation would display anxiety-like behaviors. In addition, we evaluated if pain blockade would result in alleviation of anxiety behaviors, as well as, if blockade of anxiety would result in pain relief. Orofacial cancer was induced in male Wistar rats by inoculation of Walker-256 cells into the right vibrissal pad. Heat facial hyperalgesia was assessed on day 6 after the inoculation, and on this time point rats were submitted to the elevated plus maze and the light-dark transition tests. The influence of lidocaine and midazolam on heat hyperalgesia and anxiety-like behaviors was assessed. The peak of facial heat hyperalgesia was detected 6 days after cancer cells inoculation, and at this time point, rats exhibited increased anxiety-like behaviors. Local treatment with lidocaine (2%/50μL) caused a marked reduction of heat hyperalgesia, but failed to affect the anxiety-like behaviors, while midazolam (0.5mg/kg, i.p.) treatment failed to change the heat threshold, but induced an anxiolytic-like effect. Altogether, our data demonstrated that rats with orofacial cancer present pain- and anxiety-like behaviors, but brief heat hyperalgesia relief does not affect the anxiety-like behaviors, and vice-versa, in our experimental conditions.
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Kraehenmann R, Preller KH, Scheidegger M, Pokorny T, Bosch OG, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX. Psilocybin-Induced Decrease in Amygdala Reactivity Correlates with Enhanced Positive Mood in Healthy Volunteers. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 78:572-81. [PMID: 24882567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amygdala is a key structure in serotonergic emotion-processing circuits. In healthy volunteers, acute administration of the serotonin 1A/2A/2C receptor agonist psilocybin reduces neural responses to negative stimuli and induces mood changes toward positive states. However, it is little-known whether psilocybin reduces amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli and whether any change in amygdala reactivity is related to mood change. METHODS This study assessed the effects of acute administration of the hallucinogen psilocybin (.16 mg/kg) versus placebo on amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli in 25 healthy volunteers using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Mood changes were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A double-blind, randomized, cross-over design was used with volunteers counterbalanced to receive psilocybin and placebo in two separate sessions at least 14 days apart. RESULTS Amygdala reactivity to negative and neutral stimuli was lower after psilocybin administration than after placebo administration. The psilocybin-induced attenuation of right amygdala reactivity in response to negative stimuli was related to the psilocybin-induced increase in positive mood state. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that acute treatment with psilocybin decreased amygdala reactivity during emotion processing and that this was associated with an increase of positive mood in healthy volunteers. These findings may be relevant to the normalization of amygdala hyperactivity and negative mood states in patients with major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Kraehenmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Katrin H Preller
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milan Scheidegger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich; and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pokorny
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver G Bosch
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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Amodeo LR, Greenfield VY, Humphrey DE, Varela V, Pipkin JA, Eaton SE, Johnson JD, Plant CP, Harmony ZR, Wang L, Crawford CA. Effects of acute or repeated paroxetine and fluoxetine treatment on affective behavior in male and female adolescent rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:3515-28. [PMID: 26141193 PMCID: PMC4561584 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The SSRI antidepressant fluoxetine is one of the few drugs that is effective at treating depression in adolescent humans. In contrast, the SSRI paroxetine has limited efficacy and is more at risk for inducing suicidal behavior. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to more fully characterize the differential actions of paroxetine and fluoxetine. METHODS In experiment 1, male and female rats were injected with paroxetine (2.5 or 10 mg/kg), fluoxetine (10 mg/kg), or vehicle for 10 days starting on postnatal day (PD) 35, and affective behaviors were assessed using sucrose preference and elevated plus maze tasks. A separate set of rats were used to examine monoamine levels. In experiment 2, rats were injected with paroxetine (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg), fluoxetine (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), or vehicle during the same time frame as experiment 1, and anxiety-like behaviors were measured using elevated plus maze, light/dark box, and acoustic startle. RESULTS Repeated SSRI treatment failed to alter sucrose preference, although both paroxetine and fluoxetine reduced time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and light compartment of the light/dark box. Paroxetine, but not fluoxetine, enhanced acoustic startle and interfered with habituation. Serotonin turnover was decreased by both acute and repeated fluoxetine treatment but unaltered by paroxetine administration. DISCUSSION These results show that repeated treatment with paroxetine and fluoxetine has dissociable actions in adolescent rats. In particular, paroxetine, but not fluoxetine, increases acoustic startle at low doses and may increase sensitivity to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie R Amodeo
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
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31
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Andrews PW, Bharwani A, Lee KR, Fox M, Thomson JA. Is serotonin an upper or a downer? The evolution of the serotonergic system and its role in depression and the antidepressant response. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 51:164-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Hertz L, Rothman DL, Li B, Peng L. Chronic SSRI stimulation of astrocytic 5-HT2B receptors change multiple gene expressions/editings and metabolism of glutamate, glucose and glycogen: a potential paradigm shift. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:25. [PMID: 25750618 PMCID: PMC4335176 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is firmly believed that the mechanism of action of SSRIs in major depression is to inhibit the serotonin transporter, SERT, and increase extracellular concentration of serotonin. However, this undisputed observation does not prove that SERT inhibition is the mechanism, let alone the only mechanism, by which SSRI's exert their therapeutic effects. It has recently been demonstrated that 5-HT2B receptor stimulation is needed for the antidepressant effect of fluoxetine in vivo. The ability of all five currently used SSRIs to stimulate the 5-HT2B receptor equipotentially in cultured astrocytes has been known for several years, and increasing evidence has shown the importance of astrocytes and astrocyte-neuronal interactions for neuroplasticity and complex brain activity. This paper reviews acute and chronic effects of 5-HT2B receptor stimulation in cultured astrocytes and in astrocytes freshly isolated from brains of mice treated with fluoxetine for 14 days together with effects of anti-depressant therapy on turnover of glutamate and GABA and metabolism of glucose and glycogen. It is suggested that these events are causally related to the mechanism of action of SSRIs and of interest for development of newer antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Hertz
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Douglas L Rothman
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Diagnostic Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baoman Li
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University Shenyang, China
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Activation of 5-HT2a receptors in the basolateral amygdala promotes defeat-induced anxiety and the acquisition of conditioned defeat in Syrian hamsters. Neuropharmacology 2014; 90:102-12. [PMID: 25458113 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Conditioned defeat is a model in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) in which normal territorial aggression is replaced by increased submissive and defensive behavior following acute social defeat. The conditioned defeat response involves both a fear-related memory for a specific opponent as well as anxiety-like behavior indicated by avoidance of novel conspecifics. We have previously shown that systemic injection of a 5-HT2a receptor antagonist reduces the acquisition of conditioned defeat. Because neural activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is critical for the acquisition of conditioned defeat and BLA 5-HT2a receptors can modulate anxiety but have a limited effect on emotional memories, we investigated whether 5-HT2a receptor modulation alters defeat-induced anxiety but not defeat-related memories. We injected the 5-HT2a receptor antagonist MDL 11,939 (0 mM, 1.7 mM or 17 mM) or the 5-HT2a receptor agonist TCB-2 (0 mM, 8 mM or 80 mM) into the BLA prior to social defeat. We found that injection of MDL 11,939 into the BLA impaired acquisition of the conditioned defeat response and blocked defeat-induced anxiety in the open field, but did not significantly impair avoidance of former opponents in the Y-maze. Furthermore, we found that injection of TCB-2 into the BLA increased the acquisition of conditioned defeat and increased anxiety-like behavior in the open field, but did not alter avoidance of former opponents. Our data suggest that 5-HT2a receptor signaling in the BLA is both necessary and sufficient for the development of conditioned defeat, likely via modulation of defeat-induced anxiety.
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Serotonin in anxiety and panic: Contributions of the elevated T-maze. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 3:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Beaudoin-Gobert M, Sgambato-Faure V. Serotonergic pharmacology in animal models: from behavioral disorders to dyskinesia. Neuropharmacology 2014; 81:15-30. [PMID: 24486710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) dysfunction has been involved in both movement and behavioral disorders. Serotonin pharmacology improves dyskinetic movements as well as depressive, anxious, aggressive and anorexic symptoms. Animal models have been useful to investigate more precisely to what extent 5-HT is involved and whether drugs targeting the 5-HT system can counteract the symptoms exhibited. We review existing rodent and non-human primate (NHP) animal models in which selective 5-HT or dual 5-HT-norepinephrine (NE) transporter inhibitors, as well as specific 5-HT receptors agonists and antagonists, monoamine oxidase A inhibitors (IMAO-A) and MDMA (Ecstasy) have been used. We review overlaps between the various drug classes involved. We confront behavioral paradigms and treatment regimen. Some but not all animal models and associated pharmacological treatments have been extensively studied in the litterature. In particular, the impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) has been extensively investigated using a variety of pharmacological or genetic rodent models of depression, anxiety, aggressiveness. But the validity of these rodent models is questioned. On the contrary, few studies did address the potential impact of targeting the 5-HT system on NHP models of behavioral disorders, despite the fact that those models may match more closely to human pathologies. Further investigations with carefull behavioral analysis will improve our understanding of neural bases underlying the pathophysiology of movement and behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Beaudoin-Gobert
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5229, Bron cedex F-69675, France; Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Véronique Sgambato-Faure
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5229, Bron cedex F-69675, France; Université Lyon 1, France.
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