1
|
Zhang X, Chen Z, Xiong Y, Zhou Q, Zhu LQ, Liu D. The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:402-415. [PMID: 38819044 PMCID: PMC11317957 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increase in global aging, the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing, and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic rate. However, few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia patients. Similarly in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders, synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive decline. Nitric oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system. Recently, nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. This review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular dementia. Additionally, we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yinyi Xiong
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kakarla R, Vinjavarapu LA, Krishnamurthy S. Diet and Nutraceuticals for treatment and prevention of primary and secondary stroke: Emphasis on nutritional antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105823. [PMID: 39084351 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease that causes morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition following ischemic stroke is common in stroke patients. During the rehabilitation, the death rates of stroke patients are significantly increased due to malnutrition. Nutritional supplements such as protein, vitamins, fish, fish oils, moderate wine or alcohol consumption, nuts, minerals, herbal products, food colorants, marine products, fiber, probiotics and Mediterranean diets have improved neurological functions in stroke patients as well as their quality of life. Platelets and their mediators contribute to the development of clots leading to stroke. Ischemic stroke patients are treated with thrombolytics, antiplatelets, and antithrombotic agents. Several systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials recommended that consumption of these nutrients and diets mitigated the vascular, peripheral, and central complications associated with ischemic stroke (Fig. 2). Particularly, these nutraceuticals mitigated the platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation that intended to reduce the risks of primary and secondary stroke. Although these nutraceuticals mitigate platelet dysfunction, there is a greater risk of bleeding if consumed excessively. Moreover, malnutrition must be evaluated and adequate amounts of nutrients must be provided to stroke patients during intensive care units and rehabilitation periods. In this review, we have summarized the importance of diet and nutraceuticals in ameliorating neurological complications and platelet dysfunction with an emphasis on primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Kakarla
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, 522302, India
| | | | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu G, Xie C, Li J, Jiang X, Tang H, Li C, Zhang K. Enriched environment treatment promotes neurofunctional recovery by regulating the ALK5/Smad2/3/Gadd45β signaling pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia /reperfusion injury. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105806. [PMID: 39025366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that an enriched environment (EE) treatment can alter neuroplasticity in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of EE treatment in ischemic stroke remains unclear. Previous findings have revealed that EE treatment can promote cerebral activin-receptor-like-kinase-5 (ALK5) expression after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. ALK5 has been identified as a potential mediator of neuroplasticity through its modulation of Smad2/3 and Gadd45β. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether EE treatment could promote neurofunctional recovery by regulating the ALK5/Smad2/3/Gadd45β pathway. The study utilized the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). The ALK5/Smad2/3/Gadd45β signaling pathway changes were evaluated using western blotting (WB). Brain injury was assessed by infarct volume and neurobehavioral scores. The effect of EE treatment on neurogenesis was evaluated using Doublecortin (DCX) and Nestin, axonal plasticity with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) nerve tracing, and dendritic plasticity was assessed using Golgi-Cox staining. EE treatment has been demonstrated to modulate the Smad2/3/Gadd45β pathway by regulating the expression of ALK5. The protective effects of EE treatment on brain infarct volume, neurological function, newborn neurons, dendritic and axonal plasticity following cerebral I/R injury were counteracted by ALK5 silencing. EE treatment can enhance neurofunctional recovery after cerebral I/R injury, which is achieved by regulating the ALK5/Smad2/3/Gadd45β signaling pathway to promote neuroplasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chenchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Keming Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liao W, Wen Y, Yang S, Duan Y, Liu Z. Research progress and perspectives of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in myocardial and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35490. [PMID: 37861505 PMCID: PMC10589574 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to find common targets for precision therapy, as there are no effective preventive therapeutic measures for combined clinical heart-brain organ protection and common pathways associated with glutamate receptors are involved in heart-brain injury, but current glutamate receptor-related clinical trials have failed. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common pathological condition that occurs in multiple organs, including the heart and brain, and can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IRI. NMDAR activity is mainly regulated by endogenous activators, agonists, antagonists, and voltage-gated channels, and activation leads to excessive calcium influx, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, apoptosis, and necrosis in ischemic cells. In this review, we summarize current research advances regarding the role of NMDAR in myocardial and cerebral IRI and discuss potential therapeutic strategies to modulate NMDAR signaling to prevent and treat IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuehui Wen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaochun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Heart Medical Centre, First Affiliated of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Heart Medical Centre, First Affiliated of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diao X, Han H, Li B, Guo Z, Fu J, Wu W. The Rare Marine Bioactive Compounds in Neurological Disorders and Diseases: Is the Blood-Brain Barrier an Obstacle or a Target? Mar Drugs 2023; 21:406. [PMID: 37504937 PMCID: PMC10381592 DOI: 10.3390/md21070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic barrier separating neurocytes and brain tissues from blood that is extremely sealed and strictly regulated by transporters such as aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), glucose transporter (GLUT), and specialized tight junctional complexes (TJCs) including tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions (AJs), and Zonulae occludens (ZOs). With specifically selective transcellular and paracellular permeability, the BBB maintains a homeostatic microenvironment to protect the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, increasing attention has been paied to the importance of BBB disruption and dysfunction in the pathology of neurological disorders and diseases, such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson diseases (PD), stroke and cerebral edema. However, the further research on how the integral structure and function of BBB are altered under the physiological or pathological conditions is still needed. Focusing on the ultrastructural features of the BBB and combining the latest research on associated proteins and transporters, physiological regulation and pathological change of the BBB were elucidated. By summarizing the protective effects of known bioactive compounds derived from marine life on the BBB, this review aims to highlight the BBB as a key to the treatment of several major neurological diseases instead of a normally described obstacle to drug absorption and transport. Overall, the BBB's morphological characteristics and physiological function and their regulation provide the theoretical basis for the study on the BBB and inspire the diagnosis of and therapy for neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Diao
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.D.); (H.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.D.); (H.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bailin Li
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.D.); (H.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Zhen Guo
- Innovation Center, Shanghai BociMed Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China; (Z.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Jun Fu
- Innovation Center, Shanghai BociMed Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China; (Z.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.D.); (H.H.); (B.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Satriano A, Laganà ML, Licastro E, Nucci C, Bagetta G, Russo R, Adornetto A. Neuroprotective Effect of a Nutritional Supplement Containing Spearmint Extract, Forskolin, Homotaurine and Group B Vitamins in a Mouse Model of Transient Ocular Hypertension. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1478. [PMID: 37239149 PMCID: PMC10216629 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the most common sight-threatening eye disorders and one of the main causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. The current therapies focusing on reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) are often insufficient to prevent the progression of the disease, so the therapeutic management of glaucoma remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective, IOP-lowering independent effects of a nutritional supplement containing forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract and vitamins of the B group in a model of acute glaucoma developed in mice. Glaucoma was induced in adult wild-type C57BL/6J mice by transient elevation of IOP. The dietary supplement, branded as Gangliomix® (125 mg/kg/day), was administered by oral gavage for 17 days and ocular hypertension was induced on the 10th day of treatment. A histological analysis of the retinas was performed and RGC survival was evaluated with fluorogold labeling and Brn3a immunostaining on wholemount and retinal sections. Expression of alpha-spectrin, caspase-3, PARP-1 and GFAP was studied with western blotting or immunofluorescence. A significant increase in RGC survival was reported in the retina of mice treated with the dietary supplement as compared to vehicle-treated animals. The observed neuroprotection was associated with a calpain activity decrease, reduction in caspase-3 and PARP-1 activation, and prevention of GFAP upregulation. These effects were independent from the hypotensive effects of the supplement. Altogether, our data suggest that the dietary supplementation with forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract and vitamins of the B group supports RGC survival and may offer beneficial effects in glaucoma patients in combination with the currently used IOP-lowering therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Satriano
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Laganà
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Ester Licastro
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Carlo Nucci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Rossella Russo
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Annagrazia Adornetto
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Glaucoma Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seillier C, Lesept F, Toutirais O, Potzeha F, Blanc M, Vivien D. Targeting NMDA Receptors at the Neurovascular Unit: Past and Future Treatments for Central Nervous System Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810336. [PMID: 36142247 PMCID: PMC9499580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The excitatory neurotransmission of the central nervous system (CNS) mainly involves glutamate and its receptors, especially N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDARs). These receptors have been extensively described on neurons and, more recently, also on other cell types. Nowadays, the study of their differential expression and function is taking a growing place in preclinical and clinical research. The diversity of NMDAR subtypes and their signaling pathways give rise to pleiotropic functions such as brain development, neuronal plasticity, maturation along with excitotoxicity, blood-brain barrier integrity, and inflammation. NMDARs have thus emerged as key targets for the treatment of neurological disorders. By their large extracellular regions and complex intracellular structures, NMDARs are modulated by a variety of endogenous and pharmacological compounds. Here, we will present an overview of NMDAR functions on neurons and other important cell types involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative, neurovascular, mental, autoimmune, and neurodevelopmental diseases. We will then discuss past and future development of NMDAR targeting drugs, including innovative and promising new approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Seillier
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
| | - Flavie Lesept
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility (HLA), Caen University Hospital, CHU, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fanny Potzeha
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Manuel Blanc
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in Ischemic Stroke: A New Outlet for Classical Neuroprotective Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169381. [PMID: 36012647 PMCID: PMC9409263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world, of which ischemia accounts for the majority. There is growing evidence of changes in synaptic connections and neural network functions in the brain of stroke patients. Currently, the studies on these neurobiological alterations mainly focus on the principle of glutamate excitotoxicity, and the corresponding neuroprotective strategies are limited to blocking the overactivation of ionic glutamate receptors. Nevertheless, it is disappointing that these treatments often fail because of the unspecificity and serious side effects of the tested drugs in clinical trials. Thus, in the prevention and treatment of stroke, finding and developing new targets of neuroprotective intervention is still the focus and goal of research in this field. In this review, we focus on the whole processes of glutamatergic synaptic transmission and highlight the pathological changes underlying each link to help develop potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic brain damage. These strategies include: (1) controlling the synaptic or extra-synaptic release of glutamate, (2) selectively blocking the action of the glutamate receptor NMDAR subunit, (3) increasing glutamate metabolism, and reuptake in the brain and blood, and (4) regulating the glutamate system by GABA receptors and the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Based on these latest findings, it is expected to promote a substantial understanding of the complex glutamate signal transduction mechanism, thereby providing excellent neuroprotection research direction for human ischemic stroke (IS).
Collapse
|
9
|
Christensen NR, Pedersen CP, Sereikaite V, Pedersen JN, Vistrup-Parry M, Sørensen AT, Otzen D, Teilum K, Madsen KL, Strømgaard K. Bidirectional protein-protein interactions control liquid-liquid phase separation of PSD-95 and its interaction partners. iScience 2022; 25:103808. [PMID: 35198873 PMCID: PMC8844826 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of the postsynaptic density (PSD), a protein-dense semi-membraneless organelle, is mediated by numerous specific protein–protein interactions (PPIs) which constitute a functional postsynapse. The PSD protein 95 (PSD-95) interacts with a manifold of proteins, including the C-terminal of transmembrane AMPA receptor (AMPAR) regulatory proteins (TARPs). Here, we uncover the minimal essential peptide responsible for the Stargazin (TARP-γ2)-mediated liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) formation of PSD-95 and other key protein constituents of the PSD. Furthermore, we find that pharmacological inhibitors of PSD-95 can facilitate the formation of LLPS. We found that in some cases LLPS formation is dependent on multivalent interactions, while in other cases short, highly charged peptides are sufficient to promote LLPS in complex systems. This study offers a new perspective on PSD-95 interactions and their role in LLPS formation, while also considering the role of affinity over multivalency in LLPS systems. Charge and valency are important for LLPS formation, both for PSD-95 and the ePSD Peptide inhibitors may be used to induce LLPS formation for PSD-95 and the ePSD
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Riis Christensen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Parsbæk Pedersen
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vita Sereikaite
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Maria Vistrup-Parry
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Toft Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kaare Teilum
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huo Y, Feng X, Niu M, Wang L, Xie Y, Wang L, Ha J, Cheng X, Gao Z, Sun Y. Therapeutic time windows of compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways for ischemic stroke. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:3204-3221. [PMID: 34676594 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Much evidence has proved that excitotoxicity induced by excessive release of glutamate contributes largely to damage caused by ischemia. In view of the key role played by NMDA receptors in mediating excitotoxicity, compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways have become the most promising type of anti-stroke candidate compounds. However, the limited therapeutic time window for neuroprotection is a key factor preventing NMDA receptor-related compounds from showing efficacy in all clinical trials for ischemic stroke. In this perspective, the determination of therapeutic time windows of these kinds of compounds is useful in ensuring a therapeutic effect and accelerating clinical application. This mini-review discussed the therapeutic time windows of compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways, described related influence factors and the status of clinical studies. The purpose of this review is to look for compounds with wide therapeutic time windows and better clinical application prospect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiang Huo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Menghan Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Technological Innovation Center of Chiral Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinghua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Jing Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaokun Cheng
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nutritional Supplements and Neuroprotective Diets and Their Potential Clinical Significance in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082704. [PMID: 34444864 PMCID: PMC8399756 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition and rehabilitation are crucial in post-stroke recovery, especially in the elderly. Since stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability, there is a need to promote special, individually tailored nutrition strategies targeting older patients with low motor ability. Chronic stroke survivors have higher risk of developing nutrition-related chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia, anemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Moreover, reduced motor activity, cognitive impairment and depression might be aggravated by poor malnutrition status. Accumulated data suggest that nutritional supplements and neuroprotective diets can be associated with better effectiveness of post-stroke rehabilitation as well as brain recovery. Therefore, this review focuses on preventive strategies that can improve dietary intake and change dietary patterns. We highlight the importance of neuroprotective diets, the problem of dysphagia and the role of nutrition in rehabilitation. This article focuses on potential nutritional supplements and neuroprotective diets that may have an impact on functional recovery during and after rehabilitation. Moreover, a new approach to post-stroke neuroplasticity including the use of agents from marine sources such as fucoxanthin and tramiprosate as compounds that might be used as potential neuroprotectants with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties is introduced.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hannan MA, Dash R, Haque MN, Mohibbullah M, Sohag AAM, Rahman MA, Uddin MJ, Alam M, Moon IS. Neuroprotective Potentials of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites: Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Advances. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E347. [PMID: 32630301 PMCID: PMC7401253 DOI: 10.3390/md18070347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond their significant contribution to the dietary and industrial supplies, marine algae are considered to be a potential source of some unique metabolites with diverse health benefits. The pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol homeostasis, protein clearance and anti-amyloidogenic potentials of algal metabolites endorse their protective efficacy against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis which are known to be implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders and the associated complications after cerebral ischemia and brain injuries. As was evident in various preclinical studies, algal compounds conferred neuroprotection against a wide range of neurotoxic stressors, such as oxygen/glucose deprivation, hydrogen peroxide, glutamate, amyloid β, or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and, therefore, hold therapeutic promise for brain disorders. While a significant number of algal compounds with promising neuroprotective capacity have been identified over the last decades, a few of them have had access to clinical trials. However, the recent approval of an algal oligosaccharide, sodium oligomannate, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease enlightened the future of marine algae-based drug discovery. In this review, we briefly outline the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries for identifying the targets of pharmacological intervention, and then review the literature on the neuroprotective potentials of algal compounds along with the underlying pharmacological mechanism, and present an appraisal on the recent therapeutic advances. We also propose a rational strategy to facilitate algal metabolites-based drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.A.H.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.A.H.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Md. Nazmul Haque
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Mohibbullah
- Department of Fishing and Post Harvest Technology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.A.H.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
- Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Korea
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.A.H.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A Dietary Combination of Forskolin with Homotaurine, Spearmint and B Vitamins Protects Injured Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rodent Model of Hypertensive Glaucoma. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041189. [PMID: 32340314 PMCID: PMC7230514 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is indication that nutritional supplements protect retinal cells from degeneration. In a previous study, we demonstrated that dietary supplementation with an association of forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract and B vitamins efficiently counteracts retinal dysfunction associated with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death caused by optic nerve crush. We extended our investigation on the efficacy of dietary supplementation with the use of a mouse model in which RGC degeneration depends as closely as possible on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. In this model, injecting the anterior chamber of the eye with methylcellulose (MCE) causes IOP elevation leading to RGC dysfunction. The MCE model was characterized in terms of IOP elevation, retinal dysfunction as determined by electrophysiological recordings, RGC loss as determined by brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3A immunoreactivity and dysregulated levels of inflammatory and apoptotic markers. Except for IOP elevation, dysfunctional retinal parameters were all recovered by dietary supplementation indicating the involvement of non-IOP-related neuroprotective mechanisms of action. Our hypothesis is that the diet supplement may be used to counteract the inflammatory processes triggered by glial cell activation, thus leading to spared RGC loss and the preservation of visual dysfunction. In this respect, the present compound may be viewed as a potential remedy to be added to the currently approved drug therapies for improving RGC protection.
Collapse
|
14
|
Pan L, Ding Y, Ni X, Wang CZ, Jiang B, Zhang Y, Jiang N, Tang Y, Chen L, Yuan CS. Modeling rapid and selective capture of nNOS–PSD-95 uncouplers from Sanhuang Xiexin decoction by novel molecularly imprinted polymers based on metal–organic frameworks. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7671-7681. [PMID: 35492204 PMCID: PMC9049783 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel and highly selective molecularly imprinted polymers based on the surface of metal–organic frameworks, NH2-MIL-101(Cr) (MIL@MIPS), were successfully fabricated to capture neuronal nitric oxide synthase–postsynaptic density protein-95 (nNOS–PSD-95) uncouplers from Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction (SXD) for stroke treatment. The resultant polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The performance tests revealed that MIL@MIPs had a large binding capacity, fast kinetics, and excellent selectivity. Then the obtained polymers were satisfactorily applied to solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography to selectively capture nNOS–PSD-95 uncouplers from SXD. Furthermore, the biological activities of components obtained from SXD were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. As a consequence, the components showed a potent neuroprotective effect from the MTS assay and uncoupling activity from the co-immunoprecipitation experiment. In addition, the anti-ischemic stroke assay in vivo was further investigated to determine the effect of reducing infarct size and ameliorating neurological deficit by the active components. Therefore, this present study contributes a valuable new method and new tendency to selectively capture active components for stroke treatment from SXD and other natural medicines. Novel MIL@MIPs were prepared to rapidly capture nNOS–PSD-95 uncouplers from Sanhuang Xiexin decoction, coupled with SPE and HPLC.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linli Pan
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yingying Ding
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiaoting Ni
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yulin Tang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Lina Chen
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Locri F, Cammalleri M, Dal Monte M, Rusciano D, Bagnoli P. Protective Efficacy of a Dietary Supplement Based on Forskolin, Homotaurine, Spearmint Extract, and Group B Vitamins in a Mouse Model of Optic Nerve Injury. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122931. [PMID: 31816880 PMCID: PMC6950150 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial blinding disease with a major inflammatory component ultimately leading to apoptotic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Pharmacological treatments lowering intraocular pressure can help slow or prevent vision loss although the damage caused by glaucoma cannot be reversed. Recently, nutritional approaches have been evaluated for their efficacy in preventing degenerative events in the retina although mechanisms underlying their effectiveness remain to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a diet supplement consisting of forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract, and vitamins of the B group in counteracting retinal dysfunction in a mouse model of optic nerve crush (ONC) used as an in vivo model of glaucoma. After demonstrating that ONC did not affect retinal vasculature by fluorescein angiography, we determined the effect of the diet supplement on the photopic negative response (PhNR) whose amplitude is strictly related to RGC integrity and is therefore drastically reduced in concomitance with RGC death. We found that the diet supplementation prevents the reduction of PhNR amplitude (p < 0.001) and concomitantly counteracts RGC death, as in supplemented mice, RGC number assessed immunohistochemically is significantly higher than that in non-supplemented animals (p < 0.01). Major determinants of the protective efficacy of the compound are due to a reduction of ONC-associated cytokine secretion leading to decreased levels of apoptotic markers that in supplemented mice are significantly lower than in non-supplemented animals (p < 0.001), ultimately causing RGC survival and ameliorated visual dysfunction. Overall, our data suggest that the above association of compounds plays a neuroprotective role in this mouse model of glaucoma thus offering a new perspective in inflammation-associated neurodegenerative diseases of the inner retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Locri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno, 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Cammalleri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno, 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy (M.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Dal Monte
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno, 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy (M.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.D.M.); (P.B.); Tel.: +39-050-2211426 (M.D.M.)
| | - Dario Rusciano
- Sooft Italia SpA, Contrada Molino 17, 63833 Montegiorgio (FM), Italy;
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno, 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.M.); (P.B.); Tel.: +39-050-2211426 (M.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Christensen NR, Čalyševa J, Fernandes EFA, Lüchow S, Clemmensen LS, Haugaard‐Kedström LM, Strømgaard K. PDZ Domains as Drug Targets. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019; 2:1800143. [PMID: 32313833 PMCID: PMC7161847 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions within protein networks shape the human interactome, which often is promoted by specialized protein interaction modules, such as the postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), discs-large, zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) (PDZ) domains. PDZ domains play a role in several cellular functions, from cell-cell communication and polarization, to regulation of protein transport and protein metabolism. PDZ domain proteins are also crucial in the formation and stability of protein complexes, establishing an important bridge between extracellular stimuli detected by transmembrane receptors and intracellular responses. PDZ domains have been suggested as promising drug targets in several diseases, ranging from neurological and oncological disorders to viral infections. In this review, the authors describe structural and genetic aspects of PDZ-containing proteins and discuss the current status of the development of small-molecule and peptide modulators of PDZ domains. An overview of potential new therapeutic interventions in PDZ-mediated protein networks is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj R. Christensen
- Center for BiopharmaceuticalsDepartment of Drug Design and PharmacologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 22100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jelena Čalyševa
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)Structural and Computational Biology UnitMeyerhofstraße 169117HeidelbergGermany
- EMBL International PhD ProgrammeFaculty of BiosciencesEMBL–Heidelberg UniversityGermany
| | - Eduardo F. A. Fernandes
- Center for BiopharmaceuticalsDepartment of Drug Design and PharmacologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 22100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Susanne Lüchow
- Department of Chemistry – BMCUppsala UniversityBox 576SE75123UppsalaSweden
| | - Louise S. Clemmensen
- Center for BiopharmaceuticalsDepartment of Drug Design and PharmacologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 22100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Linda M. Haugaard‐Kedström
- Center for BiopharmaceuticalsDepartment of Drug Design and PharmacologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 22100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Center for BiopharmaceuticalsDepartment of Drug Design and PharmacologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 22100CopenhagenDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shi YS, Zhang Y, Liu B, Li CB, Wu J, Li Y. Nomilin protects against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion induced neurological deficits and blood–brain barrier disruption via the Nrf2 pathway. Food Funct 2019; 10:5323-5332. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in the cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization
- Educational of Minister
- College of Life Science
- Dalian Nationalities University
- Dalian 116600
| | - Yan Zhang
- Jiamusi College
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Jiamusi 154007
- China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiamusi College
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Jiamusi 154007
- China
| | - Chun-Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization
- Educational of Minister
- College of Life Science
- Dalian Nationalities University
- Dalian 116600
| | - Jiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization
- Educational of Minister
- College of Life Science
- Dalian Nationalities University
- Dalian 116600
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization
- Educational of Minister
- College of Life Science
- Dalian Nationalities University
- Dalian 116600
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo Y, Tang H, Li H, Zhao R, Huang Q, Liu J. Recent advances in the development of neuroprotective agents and therapeutic targets in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:132-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Bossù P, Salani F, Ciaramella A, Sacchinelli E, Mosca A, Banaj N, Assogna F, Orfei MD, Caltagirone C, Gianni W, Spalletta G. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Homotaurine in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:285. [PMID: 30455639 PMCID: PMC6230970 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a fatal dementing neurodegenerative disease, currently lacking an efficacious disease-modifying therapy. In the last years, there has been some interest in the use of homotaurine as a potential therapeutic compound for AD, but more work is still needed to prove its efficacy as disease modifier in dementia. Since inflammation is believed to play a key role in AD development, we sought to investigate here the in vivo homotaurine effect on inflammatory response in patients at the earliest stages of AD, i.e., suffering from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of homotaurine supplementation on cytokine serum levels and memory performances in MCI patients. Neuropsychological, clinical and cytokine assessment was performed at baseline (T0) and after 1 year (T12) of homotaurine supplementation in 20 patients categorized as carriers (n = 9) or no carriers (n = 11) of the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, the strongest genetic risk factor for AD. The serum levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators Interleukin (IL) 1β, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), IL-6 and IL-18, contextually with the anti-inflammatory molecules IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), were analyzed to explore significant differences in the inflammatory status between T0 and T12 in the two APOE variant carrier groups. No significant differences over time were observed in patients as for most cytokines, except for IL-18. Following homotaurine supplementation, patients carrying the APOEε4 allele showed a significant decrease in IL-18 (both in its total and IL-18BP unbound forms), in turn associated with improved short-term episodic memory performance as measured by the recency effect of the Rey 15-word list learning test immediate recall. Thus, homotaurine supplementation in individuals with aMCI may have a positive consequence on episodic memory loss due, at least in part, to homotaurine anti-inflammatory effects. This study strongly suggests that future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms by which homotaurine controls brain inflammation during AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bossù
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Salani
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mosca
- Laboratory of Psychology and Pediatric Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Molecular Neurology Unit, CeSI-MeT, Center for Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Assogna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Ferm, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Medicine of Systems, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Gianni
- II Clinica Medica, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nutritional supplementation in the treatment of glaucoma: A systematic review. Surv Ophthalmol 2018; 64:195-216. [PMID: 30296451 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for glaucoma are limited to halting disease progression and do not restore lost visual function. Intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma, and intraocular pressure-lowering treatment remains the mainstay of glaucoma treatment, but even successful intraocular pressure reduction does not stop the progression of glaucoma in all patients. We review the literature to determine whether nutritional interventions intended to prevent or delay the progression of glaucoma could prove to be a valuable addition to the mainstay of glaucoma therapy. A total of 33 intervention trials were included in this review, including 21 randomized controlled trials. These suggest that flavonoids exert a beneficial effect in glaucoma, particularly in terms of improving ocular blood flow and potentially slowing progression of visual field loss. In addition, supplements containing forskolin have consistently demonstrated the capacity to reduce intraocular pressure beyond the levels achieved with traditional therapy alone; however, despite the strong theoretical rationale and initial clinical evidence for the beneficial effect of dietary supplementation as an adjunct therapy for glaucoma, the evidence is not conclusive. More and better quality research is required to evaluate the role of nutritional supplementation in glaucoma.
Collapse
|
21
|
Cai W, Wu S, Pan Z, Xiao J, Li F, Cao J, Zang W, Tao YX. Disrupting interaction of PSD-95 with nNOS attenuates hemorrhage-induced thalamic pain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 141:238-248. [PMID: 30193808 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhages occurring within the thalamus lead to a pain syndrome. Clinical treatment of thalamic pain is ineffective, at least in part, due to the elusive mechanisms that underlie the induction and maintenance of thalamic pain. The present study investigated the possible contribution of a protein-protein interaction between postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) to thalamic pain in mice. Thalamic hemorrhage was induced by microinjection of type IV collagenase into unilateral ventral posterior medial/lateral nuclei of the thalamus. Pain hypersensitivities, including mechanical allodynia, heat hyperalgesia, and cold allodynia, appeared at day 1 post-microinjection, reached a peak 5-7 days post-microinjection, and persisted for at least 28 days post-microinjection on the contralateral side. Systemic pre-treatment (but not post-treatment) of ZL006, a small molecule that disrupts PSD-95-nNOS interaction, alleviated these pain hypersensitivities. This effect is dose-dependent. Mechanistically, ZL006 blocked the hemorrhage-induced increase of binding of PSD-95 with nNOS and membrane translocation of nNOS in thalamic neurons. Our findings suggest that the protein-protein interaction between PSD-95 and nNOS in the thalamus plays a significant role in the induction of thalamic pain. This interaction may be a promising therapeutic target in the clinical management of hemorrhage-induced thalamic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45001, Henan, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shaogen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA
| | - Jifang Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45001, Henan, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Zang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45001, Henan, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bucolo C, Platania CBM, Drago F, Bonfiglio V, Reibaldi M, Avitabile T, Uva M. Novel Therapeutics in Glaucoma Management. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:978-992. [PMID: 28925883 PMCID: PMC6120119 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170915142727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell death and alterations of visual field. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered the main risk factor of glaucoma, even though other factors cannot be ruled out, such as epigenetic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE An overview of the ultimate promising experimental drugs to manage glaucoma has been provided. RESULTS In particular, we have focused on purinergic ligands, KATP channel activators, gases (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide), non-glucocorticoid steroidal compounds, neurotrophic factors, PI3K/Akt activators, citicoline, histone deacetylase inhibitors, cannabinoids, dopamine and serotonin receptors ligands, small interference RNA, and Rho kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS The review has been also endowed of a brief chapter on last reports about potential neuroprotective benefits of anti-glaucoma drugs already present in the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bucolo
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; Tel: +39 095 4781196;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Novel Therapeutic Effects of Leonurine On Ischemic Stroke: New Mechanisms of BBB Integrity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7150376. [PMID: 28690765 PMCID: PMC5485366 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7150376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Leonurine (also named SCM-198), a compound extracted from Herba leonuri, was effective on the prevention of various cardiovascular and brain diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible therapeutic potential of SCM-198 against ischemia reperfusion injury and underlying mechanisms. In the in vivo transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model, we found that treatment with SCM-198 could decrease infarct volume and improve neurological deficit by protecting against blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. In the in vitro model of cell oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R), consistent results were obtained with decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and maintained the BBB integrity. Further study demonstrated that SCM-198 increased the expression of histone deacetylase- (HDAC-) 4 which could inhibit NADPH oxidase- (NOX-) 4 and matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 9 expression, resulting in the elevation of tight junction proteins, including claudin-5, occludin, and zonula occluden- (ZO-) 1. These results indicated SCM-198 protected BBB integrity by regulating the HDAC4/NOX4/MMP-9 tight junction pathway. Our findings provided novel insights into the protective effects and mechanisms of SCM-198 on ischemic stroke, indicating SCM-198 as a new class of potential drug against acute onset of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
24
|
Gu J, Bao Y, Chen J, Huang C, Zhang X, Jiang R, Liu Q, Liu Y, Xu X, Shi W. The Expression of NP847 and Sox2 after TBI and Its Influence on NSCs. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:282. [PMID: 28066182 PMCID: PMC5177638 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) is important for neural regeneration after cerebral injury. Here, for the first time, we show that phosphorylated (p)-ser847-nNOS (NP847), rather than nNOS, may play a major role in NSC proliferation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Western blot results demonstrated that the expression of NP847 and Sox2 in the hippocampus is up-regulated after TBI, and they both peak 3 days after brain injury. In addition, an immunofluorescence experiment indicated that NP847 and Sox2 partly co-localize in the nuclei of NSCs after TBI. Further immunoprecipitation experiments found that NP847 and Sox2 can directly interact with each other in NSCs. Moreover, in an OGD model of NSCs, NP847 expression is decreased, which is followed by the down-regulation of Sox2. Interestingly, in this study, we did not observe changes in the expression of nNOS in the OGD model. Further research data suggest that the NP847-Sox2 complex may play a major role in NSCs through the Shh/Gli signaling pathway in a CaMKII-dependent manner after brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng Third People's HospitalYancheng, China
| | - Yifeng Bao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang Soochow, China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Xide Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Marks WD, Paris JJ, Schier CJ, Denton MD, Fitting S, McQuiston AR, Knapp PE, Hauser KF. HIV-1 Tat causes cognitive deficits and selective loss of parvalbumin, somatostatin, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expressing hippocampal CA1 interneuron subpopulations. J Neurovirol 2016; 22:747-762. [PMID: 27178324 PMCID: PMC5107352 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-016-0447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Memory deficits are characteristic of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and co-occur with hippocampal pathology. The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat), a regulatory protein, plays a significant role in these events, but the cellular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Within the hippocampus, diverse populations of interneurons form complex networks; even subtle disruptions can drastically alter synaptic output, resulting in behavioral dysfunction. We hypothesized that HIV-1 Tat would impair cognitive behavior and injure specific hippocampal interneuron subtypes. Male transgenic mice that inducibly expressed HIV-1 Tat (or non-expressing controls) were assessed for cognitive behavior or had hippocampal CA1 subregions evaluated via interneuron subpopulation markers. Tat exposure decreased spatial memory in a Barnes maze and mnemonic performance in a novel object recognition test. Tat reduced the percentage of neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) without neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in the stratum pyramidale and the stratum radiatum, parvalbumin in the stratum pyramidale, and somatostatin in the stratum oriens, which are consistent with reductions in interneuron-specific interneuron type 3 (IS3), bistratified, and oriens-lacunosum-moleculare interneurons, respectively. The findings reveal that an interconnected ensemble of CA1 nNOS-expressing interneurons, the IS3 cells, as well as subpopulations of parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons are preferentially vulnerable to HIV-1 Tat. Importantly, the susceptible interneurons form a microcircuit thought to be involved in feedback inhibition of CA1 pyramidal cells and gating of CA1 pyramidal cell inputs. The identification of vulnerable CA1 hippocampal interneurons may provide novel insight into the basic mechanisms underlying key functional and neurobehavioral deficits associated with HAND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D Marks
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA
| | - Christina J Schier
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA
| | - Melissa D Denton
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA
| | - Sylvia Fitting
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - A Rory McQuiston
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
| | - Pamela E Knapp
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0059, USA
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Kontos Medical Sciences Building, 1217 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298-0613, USA.
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA.
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0059, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu S, Yue Y, Peng A, Zhang L, Xiang J, Cao X, Ding H, Yin S. Myricetin ameliorates brain injury and neurological deficits via Nrf2 activation after experimental stroke in middle-aged rats. Food Funct 2016; 7:2624-34. [PMID: 27171848 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of myricetin, a bioactive food compound, on brain injury and neurological deficits after ischemic stroke. Treatment of myricetin significantly attenuated oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death in SHSY5Y cells in vitro. In a rat model of cerebral ischemia, myricetin was administered intragastrically at 2 h before and every day after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The effects of myricetin were evaluated by various biochemical assays and neurobehavioral tests. Treatment with myricetin resulted in decreased infarction volume, reduced neuronal loss as well as lessened production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde following MCAO. We also found evidence that myricetin treatment could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, myricetin treatment reversed the suppression of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and increased HO-1 expression in the ipsilateral ischemic brain and in the normal brain. Moreover, our results suggested that myricetin treatment resulted in significant improvement in neurological function. In conclusion, treatment with myricetin attenuates brain injury and neurological deficits in a rat model of cerebral ischemia via improvement of mitochondrial function and activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangchan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen D, Zhao T, Ni K, Dai P, Yang L, Xu Y, Li F. Metabolic investigation on ZL006 for the discovery of a potent prodrug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2152-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
28
|
Liu C, Du Q, Zhang X, Tang Z, Ji H, Li Y. Clematichinenoside Serves as a Neuroprotective Agent Against Ischemic Stroke: The Synergistic Action of ERK1/2 and cPKC Pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 9:517. [PMID: 26793066 PMCID: PMC4709476 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous evidences suggesting that inhibition of apoptosis of neurons play a critical role in preventing the damage and even death of neurons after brain ischemia/reperfusion, which shows therapeutic potential for clinical treatment of brain injury induced by stroke. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Clematichinenoside (AR) and its underlying mechanisms. MCAO mode was performed in rats and OGD/R model in primary cortical neurons to investigate the neuroprotective effect of AR. The rate of apoptotic cells was measured using TUNEL assay in cerebral cortex and flow cytometric assay in cortical neurons. Apoptosis-related proteins such as bcl-2, bcl-xl, and bax and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, cPKC, p90RSK, and CREB in ischemic penumbra were assayed by western blot. Furthermore, we made a thorough inquiry about how these proteins play roles in the anti-apoptotic mechanism using targets-associated inhibitors step by step. The results revealed that AR could activate both ERK1/2 and cPKC which resulted in p90RSK phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus. Moreover, CREB, a downstream target of p90RSK, was phosphorylated and then bound to cAMP-regulated enhancer (CRE) to activate apoptosis-related genes, and finally ameliorate ischemic stroke through preventing neuron death. In conclusion, these data strongly suggest that AR could be used as an effective neuroprotective agent to protect against ischemic stroke after cerebral I/R injury through regulating both ERK1/2 and cPKC mediated p90RSK/CREB apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Qianming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Russo P, Kisialiou A, Lamonaca P, Moroni R, Prinzi G, Fini M. New Drugs from Marine Organisms in Alzheimer's Disease. Mar Drugs 2015; 14:5. [PMID: 26712769 PMCID: PMC4728502 DOI: 10.3390/md14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Current approved drugs may only ameliorate symptoms in a restricted number of patients and for a restricted period of time. Currently, there is a translational research challenge into identifying the new effective drugs and their respective new therapeutic targets in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, selected examples of marine-derived compounds in neurodegeneration, specifically in AD field are reported. The emphasis has been done on compounds and their possible relevant biological activities. The proposed drug development paradigm and current hypotheses should be accurately investigated in the future of AD therapy directions although taking into account successful examples of such approach represented by Cytarabine, Trabectedin, Eribulin and Ziconotide. We review a complexity of the translational research for such a development of new therapies for AD. Bryostatin is a prominent candidate for the therapy of AD and other types of dementia in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Russo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Aliaksei Kisialiou
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Rossana Moroni
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Massimo Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, Rome I-00166, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu S, Yue Y, Li J, Li Z, Li X, Niu Y, Xiang J, Ding H. Procyanidin B2 attenuates neurological deficits and blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1930-41. [PMID: 26228251 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major pathogenic mechanism of neurological dysfunction and death after ischemic stroke. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of procyanidin B2 (PB), a bioactive food compound, on BBB disruption induced by ischemic stroke and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS PB was administrated intragastrically once a day starting at 3 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). PB treatment significantly decreased the infarction volume, brain edema, and neurological deficits after MCAO. PB prevented BBB disruption against ischemic stroke, as indicated by the reduction of Evans blue leakage and IgG levels. These results were also corroborated by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis of ZO-1. Additionally, levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were lessened in the ipsilateral ischemic area of brain by PB. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were elevated. Meanwhile, PB reversed the suppression of NF-E2-related factor nuclear translocation, and increased the protein expression of HO-1, GSTα, and NQO1 in the ipsilateral ischemic area of brain. CONCLUSION PB attenuates neurological deficits and BBB disruption in a rat model of cerebral ischemia, and the neuroprotection of PB is associated with activation of NF-E2-related factor pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangchan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhike Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Niu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sun Y, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhan L, Gao Z. Therapeutic Targets for Cerebral Ischemia Based on the Signaling Pathways of the GluN2B C Terminus. Stroke 2015; 46:2347-53. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.009314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- From the Department of Pharmacy (Y.S., Y.C., L. Zhan, Z.G.), Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering (Y.S., Z.G.), and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base—Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug (Z.G.), Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China; and Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (L. Zhang)
| | - Linan Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacy (Y.S., Y.C., L. Zhan, Z.G.), Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering (Y.S., Z.G.), and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base—Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug (Z.G.), Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China; and Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (L. Zhang)
| | - You Chen
- From the Department of Pharmacy (Y.S., Y.C., L. Zhan, Z.G.), Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering (Y.S., Z.G.), and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base—Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug (Z.G.), Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China; and Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (L. Zhang)
| | - Liying Zhan
- From the Department of Pharmacy (Y.S., Y.C., L. Zhan, Z.G.), Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering (Y.S., Z.G.), and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base—Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug (Z.G.), Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China; and Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (L. Zhang)
| | - Zibin Gao
- From the Department of Pharmacy (Y.S., Y.C., L. Zhan, Z.G.), Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering (Y.S., Z.G.), and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base—Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug (Z.G.), Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China; and Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (L. Zhang)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yue Y, Wu S, Li Z, Li J, Li X, Xiang J, Ding H. Wild jujube polysaccharides protect against experimental inflammatory bowel disease by enabling enhanced intestinal barrier function. Food Funct 2015; 6:2568-77. [PMID: 26114600 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00378d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dietary polysaccharides provide various beneficial effects for our health. We investigated the protective effects of wild jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou) sarcocarp polysaccharides (WJPs) against experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by enabling enhanced intestinal barrier function. Colitis was induced in rats by the intrarectal administration of TNBS. We found that WJPs markedly ameliorated the colitis severity, including less weight loss, decreased disease activity index scores, and improved mucosal damage in colitis rats. Moreover, WJPs suppressed the inflammatory response via attenuation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MPO activity in colitis rats. And then, to determine the effect of WJPs on the intestinal barrier, we measured the effect of WJPs on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and FITC-conjugated dextran permeability in Caco-2 cell stimulation with TNF-α. We further demonstrated that the alleviation of WJPs to colon injury was associated with barrier function by assembly of tight junction proteins. Moreover, the effect of WJPs on TER was eliminated by the specific inhibitor of AMPK. AMPK activity was also up-regulated by WJPs in Caco-2 cell stimulation with TNF-α and in colitis rats. This study demonstrates that WJPs protect against IBD by enabling enhanced intestinal barrier function involving the activation of AMPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang J, Kodithuwakku ND, He W, Zhou Y, Fan W, Fang W, He G, Wu Q, Chu S, Li Y. The neuroprotective effect of a novel agent N2 on rat cerebral ischemia associated with the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Neuropharmacology 2015; 95:12-21. [PMID: 25725335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and the main reason for severe disabilities in the world today. N2, 4 - (2 - (1H - imidazol - 1 - yl) ethoxy) - 3 - methoxybenzoic acid is considered as a novel potent agent for cerebral ischemia due to its effect in preventing neuronal cell death after ischemic stroke. In the present study, we investigated the post-ischemic neuroprotective effect of N2 and its underlying mechanisms. Using a MCAO rat model, we found that N2 reversed brain infarct size, reduced cerebral edema and decreased the neurological deficit score significantly. Moreover, N2 diminished TUNEL positive cells, down-regulated bax expression and up-regulated bcl-2 expression notably. In addition, we evaluated the oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury induced neuron cell death in rat primary cortical neuron and assessed the neuroprotective effect of our drug. N2 increased cell viability, ameliorated neuron cell injury by decreasing LDH activity, and inhibited cell apoptotic rate while suppressed apoptotic signaling via inhibiting the bax expression, and elevating the bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of N2 was associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway which was proved by the use of PI3K inhibitor LY294002. The combination of our findings disclosed that N2 can be used as an effective neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke due to its significant effect on preventing neuronal cell death after cerebral ischemia both in vivo and in vitro and the effectiveness was dose dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Nandani Darshika Kodithuwakku
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Guangwei He
- Hefei Yigong Medicine Co., Ltd., Hefei, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Hefei Yigong Medicine Co., Ltd., Hefei, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shaoxing Chu
- Hefei Yigong Medicine Co., Ltd., Hefei, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|