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Tao Q, Dang J, Guo H, Zhang M, Niu X, Kang Y, Sun J, Ma L, Wei Y, Wang W, Wen B, Cheng J, Han S, Zhang Y. Abnormalities in static and dynamic intrinsic neural activity and neurotransmitters in first-episode OCD. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:609-618. [PMID: 39029696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling disorder in which the temporal variability of regional brain connectivity is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in static and dynamic intrinsic neural activity (INA) in first-episode OCD and whether these changes have the potential to reflect neurotransmitters. METHODS A total of 95 first-episode OCD patients and 106 matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), the static and dynamic local connectivity coherence (calculated by static and dynamic regional homogeneity, sReHo and dReHo) were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, correlations between abnormal INA and PET- and SPECT-derived maps were performed to examine specific neurotransmitter system changes underlying INA abnormalities in OCD. RESULTS Compared with HCs, OCD showed decreased sReHo and dReHo values in left superior, middle temporal gyrus (STG/MTG), left Heschl gyrus (HES), left putamen, left insula, bilateral paracentral lobular (PCL), right postcentral gyrus (PoCG), right precentral gyrus (PreCG), left precuneus and right supplementary motor area (SMA). Decreased dReHo values were also found in left PoCG, left PreCG, left SMA and left middle cingulate cortex (MCC). Meanwhile, alterations in INA present in brain regions were correlated with dopamine system (D2, FDOPA), norepinephrine transporter (NAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) maps. CONCLUSION Static and dynamic INA abnormalities exist in first-episode OCD, having the potential to reveal the molecular characteristics. The results help to further understand the pathophysiological mechanism and provide alternative therapeutic targets of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Tao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Jinghan Dang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Huirong Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Mengzhe Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Yimeng Kang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Jieping Sun
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Longyao Ma
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Yarui Wei
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Baohong Wen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China.
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, China.
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Kim J, Kim E, Lee SH, Lee G, Kim YH. Use of cortical hemodynamic responses in digital therapeutics for upper limb rehabilitation in patients with stroke. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:115. [PMID: 38987817 PMCID: PMC11238451 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01404-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke causes long-term disabilities, highlighting the need for innovative rehabilitation strategies for reducing residual impairments. This study explored the potential of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for monitoring cortical activation during rehabilitation using digital therapeutics. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 18 patients with chronic stroke, of whom 13 were men. The mean age of the patients was 67.0 ± 7.1 years. Motor function was evaluated through various tests, including the Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE), grip and pinch strength test, and box and block test. All the patients completed the digital rehabilitation program (MotoCog®, Cybermedic Co., Ltd., Republic of Korea) while being monitored using fNIRS (NIRScout®, NIRx Inc., Germany). Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was employed to analyze the cortical activation patterns from the fNIRS data. Furthermore, the K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) algorithm was used to analyze task performance and fNIRS data to classify the severity of motor impairment. RESULTS The participants showed diverse task performances in the digital rehabilitation program, demonstrating distinct patterns of cortical activation that correlated with different motor function levels. Significant activation was observed in the ipsilesional primary motor area (M1), primary somatosensory area (S1), and contralateral prefrontal cortex. The activation patterns varied according to the FMA-UE scores. Positive correlations were observed between the FMA-UE scores and SPM t-values in the ipsilesional M1, whereas negative correlations were observed in the ipsilesional S1, frontal lobe, and parietal lobe. The incorporation of cortical hemodynamic responses with task scores in a digital rehabilitation program substantially improves the accuracy of the K-NN algorithm in classifying upper limb functional levels in patients with stroke. The accuracy for tasks, such as the gas stove-operation task, increased from 44.4% using only task scores to 83.3% when these scores were combined with oxy-Hb t-values from the ipsilesional M1. CONCLUSIONS The results advocated the development of tailored digital rehabilitation strategies by combining the behavioral and cerebral hemodynamic data of patients with stroke. This approach aligns with the evolving paradigm of personalized rehabilitation in stroke recovery, highlighting the need for further extensive research to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinuk Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihyoun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea.
- School of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Myongji Choonhey Rehabilitation Hospital, Seoul, 07378, Republic of Korea.
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Paul AP, Nayak K, Sydnor LC, Kalantaryardebily N, Parcetich KM, Miner DG, Wafford QE, Sullivan JE, Gurari N. A scoping review on examination approaches for identifying tactile deficits at the upper extremity in individuals with stroke. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:99. [PMID: 38851741 PMCID: PMC11162071 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate perception of tactile stimuli is essential for performing and learning activities of daily living. Through this scoping review, we sought to summarize existing examination approaches for identifying tactile deficits at the upper extremity in individuals with stroke. The goal was to identify current limitations and future research needs for designing more comprehensive examination tools. METHODS A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological framework and the PRISMA for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A database search for tactile examination approaches at the upper extremity of individuals with stroke was conducted using Medline (Ovid), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), CINAHL Plus with Full Text (Ebsco), Scopus (Elsevier), PsycInfo (Ebsco), and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global. Original research and review articles that involved adults (18 years or older) with stroke, and performed tactile examinations at the upper extremity were eligible for inclusion. Data items extracted from the selected articles included: if the examination was behavioral in nature and involved neuroimaging, the extent to which the arm participated during the examination, the number of possible outcomes of the examination, the type(s) of tactile stimulation equipment used, the location(s) along the arm examined, the peripheral nerves targeted for examination, and if any comparison was made with the non-paretic arm or with the arms of individuals who are neurotypical. RESULTS Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria and were accepted in this review. Most examination approaches were behavioral in nature and involved self-reporting of whether a tactile stimulus was felt while the arm remained passive (i.e., no volitional muscle activity). Typically, the number of possible outcomes with these behavioral approaches were limited (2-3), whereas the neuroimaging approaches had many more possible outcomes ( > 15 ). Tactile examinations were conducted mostly at the distal locations along the arm (finger or hand) without targeting any specific peripheral nerve. Although a majority of articles compared paretic and non-paretic arms, most did not compare outcomes to a control group of individuals who are neurotypical. DISCUSSION Our findings noted that most upper extremity tactile examinations are behavioral approaches, which are subjective in nature, lack adequate resolution, and are insufficient to identify the underlying neural mechanisms of tactile deficits. Also, most examinations are administered at distal locations of the upper extremity when the examinee's arm is relaxed (passive). Further research is needed to develop better tactile examination tools that combine behavioral responses and neurophysiological outcomes, and allow volitional tactile exploration. Approaches that include testing of multiple body locations/nerves along the upper extremity, provide higher resolution of outcomes, and consider normative comparisons with individuals who are neurotypical may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the tactile deficits occurring following a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arco P Paul
- Physical Therapy, Radford University, Radford, Virginia, USA
| | - Karan Nayak
- Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | - Daniel G Miner
- Physical Therapy, Radford University, Radford, Virginia, USA
| | - Q Eileen Wafford
- Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jane E Sullivan
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Netta Gurari
- Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
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Hansen M, Simon KR, He X, Steele N, Thomas ML, Noble KG, Merz EC. Socioeconomic factors, sleep timing and duration, and amygdala resting-state functional connectivity in children. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1373546. [PMID: 38840942 PMCID: PMC11150855 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1373546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Reduced sleep health has been consistently linked with increased negative emotion in children. While sleep characteristics have been associated with neural function in adults and adolescents, much less is known about these associations in children while considering socioeconomic context. In this study, we examined the associations among socioeconomic factors, sleep duration and timing, and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the amygdala in children. Methods Participants were typically-developing 5- to 9-year-olds from socioeconomically diverse families (61% female; N = 94). Parents reported on children's weekday and weekend bedtimes and wake-up times, which were used to compute sleep duration and midpoint. Analyses focused on amygdala-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) connectivity followed by amygdala-whole brain connectivity. Results Lower family income-to-needs ratio and parental education were significantly associated with later weekday and weekend sleep timing and shorter weekday sleep duration. Shorter weekday sleep duration was associated with decreased amygdala-ACC and amygdala-insula connectivity. Later weekend sleep midpoint was associated with decreased amygdala-paracingulate cortex and amygdala-postcentral gyrus connectivity. Socioeconomic factors were indirectly associated with connectivity in these circuits via sleep duration and timing. Discussion These results suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage may interfere with both sleep duration and timing, in turn possibly altering amygdala connectivity in emotion processing and regulation circuits in children. Effective strategies supporting family economic conditions may have benefits for sleep health and brain development in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hansen
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Katrina R. Simon
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xiaofu He
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nick Steele
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Michael L. Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Kimberly G. Noble
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emily C. Merz
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Li M, Zou F, Zheng T, Zou W, Li H, Lin Y, Peng L, Zheng S. Electroacupuncture alters brain network functional connectivity in subacute stroke: A randomised crossover trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37686. [PMID: 38579054 PMCID: PMC10994512 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) is a promising rehabilitation treatment for upper-limb motor recovery in stroke patients. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying its clinical efficacy remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the immediate modulatory effects of EA on brain network functional connectivity and topological properties. METHODS The randomized, single-blinded, self-controlled two-period crossover trial was conducted among 52 patients with subacute subcortical stroke. These patients were randomly allocated to receive either EA as the initial intervention or sham electroacupuncture (SEA) as the initial intervention. After a washout period of 24 hours, participants underwent the alternate intervention (SEA or EA). Resting state electroencephalography signals were recorded synchronously throughout both phases of the intervention. The functional connectivity (FC) of the parietofrontal network and small-world (SW) property indices of the whole-brain network were compared across the entire course of the two interventions. RESULTS The results demonstrated that EA significantly altered ipsilesional parietofrontal network connectivity in the alpha and beta bands (alpha: F = 5.05, P = .011; beta: F = 3.295, P = .047), whereas no significant changes were observed in the SEA group. When comparing between groups, EA significantly downregulated ipsilesional parietofrontal network connectivity in both the alpha and beta bands during stimulation (alpha: t = -1.998, P = .049; beta: t = -2.342, P = .022). Significant differences were also observed in the main effects of time and the group × time interaction for the SW index (time: F = 5.516, P = .026; group × time: F = 6.892, P = .01). In terms of between-group comparisons, the EA group exhibited a significantly higher SW index than the SEA group at the post-stimulation stage (t = 2.379, P = .018). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that EA downregulates ipsilesional parietofrontal network connectivity and enhances SW properties, providing a potential neurophysiological mechanism for facilitating motor performance in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfen Li
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Weigeng Zou
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yifang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Peng
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Zheng
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Ager AL, Roy JS, Dubé MO, Cools AM, Borms D. Relationship between pain and proprioception among individuals with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. J Hand Ther 2024; 37:224-233. [PMID: 38350810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) have altered proprioception. The relationship between shoulder pain and proprioception is not well understood. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between shoulder pain and proprioception. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional comparative study. METHODS Twenty-two participants with RCRSP (mean age 27.6 ± 4.8 years) and 22 matched pain-free participants (23.4 ± 2.5 years) performed two upper limb active joint position sense tests: (1) the Upper Limb Proprioception Reaching Test (PRO-Reach; reaching toward seven targets) in centimeters and (2) Biodex System at 90% of maximum internal rotation in degrees. Participants performed three memorization and three reproduction trials blindfolded. The proprioception error (PE) is the difference between the memorized and estimation trials. Pain levels were captured pre- and post-evaluation (11-point Likert Numerical Pain Rating Scale). Relationships between PE and pain were investigated using independent t-tests and Spearman rank correlations. RESULTS Overall, 22.7% RCRSP participants indicated an increase in pain following the PRO-Reach (X̅ increase of 1.4 ± 1.5 points), while 59% did so with the Biodex (X̅ increase of 2.3 ± 1.8 points), reflecting a clinically important increase in pain. Weak-to-moderate correlations between pain and PEs were found with the Biodex (r = 0.39-0.53) and weak correlations with the PRO-Reach (r = -0.26 to 0.38). Concerning PEs, no significant differences were found between groups with the Biodex (p = 0.32, effect size d = -0.31 [-0.90 to 0.29]). The RCRSP participants demonstrated lower PEs with the PRO-Reach in elevation compared to pain-free participants (global X̅ = 4.6 ± 1.2 cm vs 5.5 ± 1.5 cm; superior 3.8 ± 2.1 cm vs 5.7 ± 2.9 cm; superior-lateral nondominant targets 4.3 ± 2.2 cm vs 6.1 ± 2.8 cm; p = 0.02-0.05, effect size d = 0.72-0.74 [0.12-1.3]). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with RCRSP demonstrated better upper limb proprioception in elevation, suggesting a change to interoception (sensory reweighting) in the presence of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Ager
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Marc-Olivier Dubé
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Ann M Cools
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dorien Borms
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7235. [PMID: 38538727 PMCID: PMC10973391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially affected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhal Ahmed
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aaron Y Lai
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mary E Hill
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jessica A Ribeiro
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ashley Amiraslani
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - JoAnne McLaurin
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Song A, Sunday K, Silfies SP, Vendemia JMC. MRI Compatible Lumbopelvic Movement Measurement System to Validate and Capture Task Performance During Neuroimaging. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2024; 32:1380-1385. [PMID: 38512737 PMCID: PMC11026086 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2024.3380057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Research suggests that structural and functional changes within the brain are associated with chronic low back pain, and these cortical alterations might contribute to impaired sensorimotor control of the trunk and hips in this population. However, linking sensorimotor brain changes with altered movement of the trunk and hips during task-based neuroimaging presents significant challenges. An MRI-safe pressure measurement system was developed to ensure proper task completion during neuroimaging by capturing movement patterns of the trunk (sensors under the lower back) and hips (sensors embedded in the foam roll under the knees). Pressure changes were measured outside of the scanner by digital differential pressure sensors to capture time-series data and analog pressure gauges for real-time determination of task performance occurring within an MRI bore during brain imaging. This study examined the concurrent validity of air pressure changes between the digital and analog sensors. The digital and analog data were compared in 23 participants during the performance of modified bilateral and unilateral right and left hip bridges. Spearman's correlations were calculated for each sensor during the three bridging tasks and showed high positive correlations, indicating that over 87% of pressure change from the analog gauge can be explained by the pressure from the digital sensor. Bland-Altman plots showed no bias and mean differences were under three mmHg. This pressure system improves the rigor of future studies by validating the digital data from the system and increasing the capabilities of capturing lumbopelvic task performance occurring inside the scanner bore.
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Bordoni B, Escher AR. Motor Dysfunctions in Fibromyalgia Patients: The Importance of Breathing. Open Access Rheumatol 2024; 16:55-66. [PMID: 38476512 PMCID: PMC10929242 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s442327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The classification of fibromyalgia (FM) is not always immediate and simple, with the time from the first diagnosis, compared to the onset of symptoms, of a few years. Currently, we do not have instrumental or biochemical tests considered as gold standards; the clinician will make a diagnosis of FM based on the patient's medical history and subjective assessment. The symptoms can involve physical, cognitive and psychological disorders, with the presence of pain of different origins and classifications: nociplastic, nociceptive and neuropathic pain. Among the symptoms highlighted, postural disorders and neuromotor uncoordination emerge, whose functional dysfunctions can increase the mortality and morbidity rate. An alteration of the diaphragm muscle could generate such functional motor problems. Considering that the current literature underestimates the importance of breathing in FM, the article aims to highlight the relationship between motor and diaphragmatic difficulties in the patient, soliciting new points of view for the clinical and therapeutic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Dipartimento di Cardiologia, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura, S Maria Nascente, Milano, 20100, Italia
| | - Allan R Escher
- Anesthesiology/Pain Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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10
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Kleeren L, Mailleux L, McLean B, Elliott C, Dequeker G, Van Campenhout A, de Xivry JJO, Verheyden G, Ortibus E, Klingels K, Feys H. Does somatosensory discrimination therapy alter sensorimotor upper limb function differently compared to motor therapy in children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:147. [PMID: 38409060 PMCID: PMC10895830 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides motor impairments, up to 90% of the children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP) present with somatosensory impairments in the upper limb. As somatosensory information is of utmost importance for coordinated movements and motor learning, somatosensory impairments can further compromise the effective use of the impaired upper limb in daily life activities. Yet, intervention approaches specifically designated to target these somatosensory impairments are insufficiently investigated in children and adolescents with uCP. Therefore, the aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to compare the effectiveness of somatosensory discrimination therapy and dose-matched motor therapy to improve sensorimotor upper limb function in children and adolescents with uCP, who experience somatosensory impairments in the upper limb. We will further explore potential behavioral and neurological predictors of therapy response. METHODS A parallel group, evaluator-blinded, phase-II, single-center RCT will be conducted for which 50 children and adolescents with uCP, aged 7 to 15 years, will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to receive 3 weekly sessions of 45 minutes of either somatosensory discrimination therapy or upper limb motor therapy for a period of 8 weeks. Stratification will be performed based on age, manual ability, and severity of tactile impairment at baseline. Sensorimotor upper limb function will be evaluated at baseline, immediately after the intervention and after 6 months follow-up. The primary outcome measure will be bimanual performance as measured with the Assisting Hand Assessment. Secondary outcomes include a comprehensive test battery to objectify somatosensory function and measures of bimanual coordination, unimanual motor function, and goal attainment. Brain imaging will be performed at baseline to investigate structural brain lesion characteristics and structural connectivity of the white matter tracts. DISCUSSION This protocol describes the design of an RCT comparing the effectiveness of somatosensory discrimination therapy and dose-matched motor therapy to improve sensorimotor upper limb function in children and adolescents with uCP. The results of this study may aid in the selection of the most effective upper limb therapy, specifically for children and adolescents with tactile impairments. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06006065). Registered on August 8, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lize Kleeren
- KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Neurorehabilitation, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium.
- KU Leuven, Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium.
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Diepenbeek, B-3590, Belgium.
| | - Lisa Mailleux
- KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Neurorehabilitation, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Belinda McLean
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Kids Rehab WA, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Kids Rehab WA, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Griet Dequeker
- University Hospitals Leuven, Cerebral Palsy Reference Centre, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Anja Van Campenhout
- KU Leuven, Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Cerebral Palsy Reference Centre, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Jean-Jacques Orban de Xivry
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Movement Sciences, Research Group of Motor Control and Neuroplasticity, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyden
- KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Neurorehabilitation, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
| | - Els Ortibus
- KU Leuven, Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Cerebral Palsy Reference Centre, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Klingels
- KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Neurorehabilitation, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Diepenbeek, B-3590, Belgium
| | - Hilde Feys
- KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Neurorehabilitation, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Child and Youth Institute, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
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11
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Nashed JY, Shearer KT, Wang JZ, Chen Y, Cook EE, Champagne AA, Coverdale NS, Fernandez-Ruiz J, Striver SI, Flanagan JR, Gallivan JP, Cook DJ. Spontaneous Behavioural Recovery Following Stroke Relates to the Integrity of Parietal and Temporal Regions. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:127-139. [PMID: 36542292 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating disease that results in neurological deficits and represents a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Following a stroke, there is a degree of spontaneous recovery of function, the neural basis of which is of great interest among clinicians in their efforts to reduce disability following stroke and enhance rehabilitation. Conventionally, work on spontaneous recovery has tended to focus on the neural reorganization of motor cortical regions, with comparably little attention being paid to changes in non-motor regions and how these relate to recovery. Here we show, using structural neuroimaging in a macaque stroke model (N = 31) and by exploiting individual differences in spontaneous behavioural recovery, that the preservation of regions in the parietal and temporal cortices predict animal recovery. To characterize recovery, we performed a clustering analysis using Non-Human Primate Stroke Scale (NHPSS) scores and identified a good versus poor recovery group. By comparing the preservation of brain volumes in the two groups, we found that brain areas in integrity of brain areas in parietal, temporal and somatosensory cortex were associated with better recovery. In addition, a decoding approach performed across all subjects revealed that the preservation of specific brain regions in the parietal, somatosensory and medial frontal cortex predicted recovery. Together, these findings highlight the importance of parietal and temporal regions in spontaneous behavioural recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y Nashed
- Department of Translational Medicine, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Room 230, Botterell Hall, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kaden T Shearer
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Justin Z Wang
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Yining Chen
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Elise E Cook
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Allen A Champagne
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nicole S Coverdale
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Juan Fernandez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Shirley I Striver
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - J Randal Flanagan
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jason P Gallivan
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Douglas J Cook
- Department of Translational Medicine, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Room 230, Botterell Hall, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Centre of Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 2V7, Canada.
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12
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Liu W, Shen Y, Zhong Y, Sun Y, Yang J, Zhang W, Yan L, Liu W, Yu M. Levodopa improved different motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease by reducing the functional connectivity of specific thalamic subregions. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14354. [PMID: 37452488 PMCID: PMC10848087 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thalamus is an important relay station for the motor circuit of human. Levodopa can reverse the clinical manifestations by modulating the function of motor circuits, but its detailed mechanisms are still not fully understood. We aimed to explore (1) the mechanism by which levodopa modulates the functional connectivity (FC) in the subregions of the thalamus; (2) the relationship between the changed FC and the improvement of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS Resting-state functional MRI was used to scan 36 PD patients and 37 healthy controls. The FC between the subregions in the thalamus and the whole brain was measured and compared under different medication states of PD patients. The correlation between the improvement of motor symptoms and changes in FC in the thalamus subregions was examined. RESULTS The PD on state exhibited decreased FC between the right pre-motor thalamus and the right postcentral gyrus, as well as the right lateral pre-frontal thalamus and the right postcentral gyrus. These decreases were positively correlated with the improvement of resting tremor. The PD on state also exhibited decreased FC between the left lateral pre-frontal thalamus and right paracentral lobule, which was positively correlated with the improvement of bradykinesia. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that levodopa treats PD by decreasing the FC between the thalamus subregions and pre/post-central cortex. Our results provide a basis for further exploration of the functional activity of thalamic subregions and offer new insights into the precision treatment in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Liu
- Department of RehabilitationThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of NeurologyXiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of XiaoganXiaoganChina
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of PsychologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yu Sun
- International Laboratory for Children's Medical Imaging Research, School of Biological Sciences and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
- Director of Joint Research Centre for University of Birmingham and Southeast UniversitySoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiaying Yang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Functional NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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13
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Yang 杨炀 Y, Li 李君君 J, Zhao 赵恺 K, Tam F, Graham SJ, Xu 徐敏 M, Zhou 周可 K. Lateralized Functional Connectivity of the Sensorimotor Cortex and its Variations During Complex Visuomotor Tasks. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0723232023. [PMID: 38050101 PMCID: PMC10860583 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0723-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the left hemisphere dominates motor function, often observed through homotopic activation measurements. Using a functional connectivity approach, this study investigated the lateralization of the sensorimotor cortex during handwriting and drawing, two complex visuomotor tasks with varying contextual demands. We found that both left- and right-lateralized connectivity in the primary motor cortex (M1), dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), somatosensory cortex, and visual regions were evident in adults (males and females), primarily in an interhemispheric integrative fashion. Critically, these lateralization tendencies remained highly invariant across task contexts, representing a task-invariant neural architecture for encoding fundamental motor programs consistently implemented in different task contexts. Additionally, the PMd exhibited a slight variation in lateralization degree between task contexts, reflecting the ability of the high-order motor system to adapt to varying task demands. However, connectivity-based lateralization of the sensorimotor cortex was not detected in 10-year-old children (males and females), suggesting that the maturation of connectivity-based lateralization requires prolonged development. In summary, this study demonstrates both task-invariant and task-sensitive connectivity lateralization in sensorimotor cortices that support the resilience and adaptability of skilled visuomotor performance. These findings align with the hierarchical organization of the motor system and underscore the significance of the functional connectivity-based approach in studying functional lateralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang 杨炀
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjun Li 李君君
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Zhao 赵恺
- Institute of Brain Trauma and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Fred Tam
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Simon J Graham
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Min Xu 徐敏
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ke Zhou 周可
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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14
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Zhao C, Tang Y, Xiao Y, Jiang P, Zhang Z, Gong Q, Zhou D. Asymmetrical cortical surface area decrease in epilepsy patients with postictal generalized electroencephalography suppression. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae026. [PMID: 38342683 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression is a possible electroencephalographic marker for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. We aimed to investigate the cortical surface area abnormalities in epilepsy patients with postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression. We retrospectively included 30 epilepsy patients with postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression (PGES+), 21 epilepsy patients without postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression (PGES-), and 30 healthy controls. Surface-based analysis on high-resolution T1-weighted images was conducted and cortical surface areas were compared among the three groups, alongside correlation analyses with seizure-related clinical variables. Compared with PGES- group, we identified reduced surface area in the bilateral insula with more extensive distribution in the right hemisphere in PGES+ group. The reduced right insular surface area was associated with younger seizure-onset age. When compared with healthy controls, PGES- group presented reduced surface area in the left caudal middle frontal gyrus; PGES+ group presented more widespread surface area reductions in the right posterior cingulate gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus. Our results suggested cortical microstructural impairment in patients with postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression. The significant surface area reductions in the insular cortex supported the autonomic network involvement in the pathology of postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression, and its right-sided predominance suggested the potential shared abnormal brain network for postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- West China Medical Publishers, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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15
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.22.576454. [PMID: 38545621 PMCID: PMC10970715 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.576454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially effected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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16
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Setiadi TM, Marsman JBC, Martens S, Tumati S, Opmeer EM, Reesink FE, De Deyn PP, Atienza M, Aleman A, Cantero JL. Alterations in Gray Matter Structural Networks in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Source-Based Morphometry Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 101:61-73. [PMID: 39093069 PMCID: PMC11380280 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), considered as the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, is characterized by isolated memory impairment and cerebral gray matter volume (GMV) alterations. Previous structural MRI studies in aMCI have been mainly based on univariate statistics using voxel-based morphometry. Objective We investigated structural network differences between aMCI patients and cognitively normal older adults by using source-based morphometry, a multivariate approach that considers the relationship between voxels of various parts of the brain. Methods Ninety-one aMCI patients and 80 cognitively normal controls underwent structural MRI and neuropsychological assessment. Spatially independent components (ICs) that covaried between participants were estimated and a multivariate analysis of covariance was performed with ICs as dependent variables, diagnosis as independent variable, and age, sex, education level, and site as covariates. Results aMCI patients exhibited reduced GMV in the precentral, temporo-cerebellar, frontal, and temporal network, and increased GMV in the left superior parietal network compared to controls (pFWER < 0.05, Holm-Bonferroni correction). Moreover, we found that diagnosis, more specifically aMCI, moderated the positive relationship between occipital network and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (pFWER < 0.05, Holm-Bonferroni correction). Conclusions Our results showed GMV alterations in temporo-fronto-parieto-cerebellar networks in aMCI, extending previous results obtained with univariate approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania M Setiadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Bernard C Marsman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Martens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shankar Tumati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esther M Opmeer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health and Welfare, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Fransje E Reesink
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - André Aleman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Albishi AM. Why do different motor cortical areas activate the same muscles? Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:2017-2024. [PMID: 37709903 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The cortex contains multiple motor areas, including the primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA). Many muscles are represented in both the M1 and SMA, but the reason for this dual representation remains unclear. Previous work has shown that the M1 and SMA representations of a specific human muscle can be differentiated according to their functional connectivity with different brain areas located outside of the motor cortex. It is our perspective that this differential functional connectivity may be the neural substrate that allows an individual muscle to be accessed by distinct neural processes, such as those implementing volitional vs. postural task control. Here, we review existing human and animal literature suggesting how muscles are represented in the M1 and SMA and how these brain regions have distinct functions. We also discuss potential studies to further elucidate the distinct roles of the SMA and M1 in normal and dysfunctional motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Albishi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Physical Therapy Division, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Knab F, Koch SP, Major S, Farr TD, Mueller S, Euskirchen P, Eggers M, Kuffner MT, Walter J, Berchtold D, Knauss S, Dreier JP, Meisel A, Endres M, Dirnagl U, Wenger N, Hoffmann CJ, Boehm-Sturm P, Harms C. Prediction of Stroke Outcome in Mice Based on Noninvasive MRI and Behavioral Testing. Stroke 2023; 54:2895-2905. [PMID: 37746704 PMCID: PMC10589430 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.043897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediction of poststroke outcome using the degree of subacute deficit or magnetic resonance imaging is well studied in humans. While mice are the most commonly used animals in preclinical stroke research, systematic analysis of outcome predictors is lacking. METHODS We intended to incorporate heterogeneity into our retrospective study to broaden the applicability of our findings and prediction tools. We therefore analyzed the effect of 30, 45, and 60 minutes of arterial occlusion on the variance of stroke volumes. Next, we built a heterogeneous cohort of 215 mice using data from 15 studies that included 45 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion and various genotypes. Motor function was measured using a modified protocol for the staircase test of skilled reaching. Phases of subacute and residual deficit were defined. Magnetic resonance images of stroke lesions were coregistered on the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas to characterize stroke topology. Different random forest prediction models that either used motor-functional deficit or imaging parameters were generated for the subacute and residual deficits. RESULTS Variance of stroke volumes was increased by 45 minutes of arterial occlusion compared with 60 minutes. The inclusion of various genotypes enhanced heterogeneity further. We detected both a subacute and residual motor-functional deficit after stroke in mice and different recovery trajectories could be observed. In mice with small cortical lesions, lesion volume was the best predictor of the subacute deficit. The residual deficit could be predicted most accurately by the degree of the subacute deficit. When using imaging parameters for the prediction of the residual deficit, including information about the lesion topology increased prediction accuracy. A subset of anatomic regions within the ischemic lesion had particular impact on the prediction of long-term outcomes. Prediction accuracy depended on the degree of functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we developed and validated a robust tool for the prediction of functional outcomes after experimental stroke in mice using a large and genetically heterogeneous cohort. These results are discussed in light of study design and imaging limitations. In the future, using outcome prediction can improve the design of preclinical studies and guide intervention decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Knab
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Stefan Paul Koch
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility, 7T Experimental MRIs, Germany (S.P.K., T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.B.-S.)
| | - Sebastian Major
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Tracy D. Farr
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility, 7T Experimental MRIs, Germany (S.P.K., T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.B.-S.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (T.D.F.)
| | - Susanne Mueller
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility, 7T Experimental MRIs, Germany (S.P.K., T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.B.-S.)
| | - Philipp Euskirchen
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Moritz Eggers
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Melanie T.C. Kuffner
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Josefine Walter
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, QUEST Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Daniel Berchtold
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Samuel Knauss
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany (S.K., N.W., C.J.H., C.H.)
| | - Jens P. Dreier
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Einstein Center for Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany (J.P.D., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.H.)
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.P.D.)
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
| | - Matthias Endres
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Einstein Center for Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany (J.P.D., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin (M. Endres, U.D., C.H.)
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Endres., U.D.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M. Endres, U.D.)
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Einstein Center for Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany (J.P.D., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin (M. Endres, U.D., C.H.)
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Endres., U.D.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M. Endres, U.D.)
| | - Nikolaus Wenger
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany (S.K., N.W., C.J.H., C.H.)
- Einstein Center for Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany (J.P.D., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.H.)
| | - Christian J. Hoffmann
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany (S.K., N.W., C.J.H., C.H.)
| | - Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility, 7T Experimental MRIs, Germany (S.P.K., T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.B.-S.)
| | - Christoph Harms
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Department of Experimental Neurology, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, T.D.F., S. Mueller, P.E., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., S.K., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.K., S.P.K., S. Major, S. Mueller., M. Eggers, M.T.C.K., J.W., D.B., J.P.D., A.M., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.J.H., P.B.-S., C.H.)
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany (S.K., N.W., C.J.H., C.H.)
- Einstein Center for Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany (J.P.D., M. Endres, U.D., N.W., C.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin (M. Endres, U.D., C.H.)
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Seo HG, Yun SJ, Farrens A, Johnson C, Reinkensmeyer DJ. A Systematic Review of the Learning Dynamics of Proprioception Training: Specificity, Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2023; 37:744-757. [PMID: 37864458 PMCID: PMC10847967 DOI: 10.1177/15459683231207354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify key aspects of the learning dynamics of proprioception training including: 1) specificity to the training type, 2) acquisition of proprioceptive skills, 3) retention of learning effects, and 4) transfer to different proprioceptive skills. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search using the database (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PEDro). The inclusion criteria required adult participants who underwent any training program that could enhance proprioceptive function, and at least 1 quantitative assessment of proprioception before and after the intervention. We analyzed within-group changes to quantify the effectiveness of an intervention. RESULTS In total, 106 studies with 343 participant-outcome groups were included. Proprioception-specific training resulted in large effect sizes with a mean improvement of 23.4 to 42.6%, nonspecific training resulted in medium effect sizes with 12.3 to 22% improvement, and no training resulted in small effect sizes with 5.0 to 8.9% improvement. Single-session training exhibited significant proprioceptive improvement immediately (10 studies). For training interventions with a midway evaluation (4 studies), trained groups improved by approximately 70% of their final value at the midway point. Proprioceptive improvements were largely maintained at a delayed follow-up of at least 1 week (12 studies). Finally, improvements in 1 assessment were significantly correlated with improvements in another assessment (10 studies). CONCLUSIONS Proprioceptive learning appears to exhibit several features similar to motor learning, including specificity to the training type, 2 time constant learning curves, good retention, and improvements that are correlated between different assessments, suggesting a possible, common mechanism for the transfer of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gil Seo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
| | - Seo Jung Yun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Human System Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Andria Farrens
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
| | - Christopher Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
| | - David J. Reinkensmeyer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
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Xiao S, Shen B, Zhang C, Xu Z, Li J, Fu W, Jin J. Effects of tDCS on Foot Biomechanics: A Narrative Review and Clinical Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1029. [PMID: 37760131 PMCID: PMC10525503 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, neuro-biomechanical enhancement techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have been widely used to improve human physical performance, including foot biomechanical characteristics. This review aims to summarize research on the effects of tDCS on foot biomechanics and its clinical applications, and further analyze the underlying ergogenic mechanisms of tDCS. This review was performed for relevant papers until July 2023 in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO. The findings demonstrated that tDCS can improve foot biomechanical characteristics in healthy adults, including proprioception, muscle strength, reaction time, and joint range of motion. Additionally, tDCS can be effectively applied in the field of foot sports medicine; in particular, it can be combined with functional training to effectively improve foot biomechanical performance in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). The possible mechanism is that tDCS may excite specific task-related neurons and regulate multiple neurons within the system, ultimately affecting foot biomechanical characteristics. However, the efficacy of tDCS applied to rehabilitate common musculoskeletal injuries (e.g., CAI and plantar fasciitis) still needs to be confirmed using a larger sample size. Future research should use multimodal neuroimaging technology to explore the intrinsic ergogenic mechanism of tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xiao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
| | - Bin Shen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
| | - Chuyi Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
| | - Zhen Xu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
| | - Weijie Fu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (S.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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Danielli E, Simard N, DeMatteo CA, Kumbhare D, Ulmer S, Noseworthy MD. A review of brain regions and associated post-concussion symptoms. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1136367. [PMID: 37602240 PMCID: PMC10435092 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1136367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is an exceptionally complex organ that is comprised of billions of neurons. Therefore, when a traumatic event such as a concussion occurs, somatic, cognitive, behavioral, and sleep impairments are the common outcome. Each concussion is unique in the sense that the magnitude of biomechanical forces and the direction, rotation, and source of those forces are different for each concussive event. This helps to explain the unpredictable nature of post-concussion symptoms that can arise and resolve. The purpose of this narrative review is to connect the anatomical location, healthy function, and associated post-concussion symptoms of some major cerebral gray and white matter brain regions and the cerebellum. As a non-exhaustive description of post-concussion symptoms nor comprehensive inclusion of all brain regions, we have aimed to amalgamate the research performed for specific brain regions into a single article to clarify and enhance clinical and research concussion assessment. The current status of concussion diagnosis is highly subjective and primarily based on self-report of symptoms, so this review may be able to provide a connection between brain anatomy and the clinical presentation of concussions to enhance medical imaging assessments. By explaining anatomical relevance in terms of clinical concussion symptom presentation, an increased understanding of concussions may also be achieved to improve concussion recognition and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Danielli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Simard
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A. DeMatteo
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dinesh Kumbhare
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephan Ulmer
- Neurorad.ch, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael D. Noseworthy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Baker A, Schranz C, Seo NJ. Associating Functional Neural Connectivity and Specific Aspects of Sensorimotor Control in Chronic Stroke. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5398. [PMID: 37420566 DOI: 10.3390/s23125398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Hand sensorimotor deficits often result from stroke, limiting the ability to perform daily living activities. Sensorimotor deficits are heterogeneous among stroke survivors. Previous work suggests a cause of hand deficits is altered neural connectivity. However, the relationships between neural connectivity and specific aspects of sensorimotor control have seldom been explored. Understanding these relationships is important for developing personalized rehabilitation strategies to improve individual patients' specific sensorimotor deficits and, thus, rehabilitation outcomes. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that specific aspects of sensorimotor control will be associated with distinct neural connectivity in chronic stroke survivors. Twelve chronic stroke survivors performed a paretic hand grip-and-relax task while EEG was collected. Four aspects of hand sensorimotor grip control were extracted, including reaction time, relaxation time, force magnitude control, and force direction control. EEG source connectivity in the bilateral sensorimotor regions was calculated in α and β frequency bands during grip preparation and execution. Each of the four hand grip measures was significantly associated with a distinct connectivity measure. These results support further investigations into functional neural connectivity signatures that explain various aspects of sensorimotor control, to assist the development of personalized rehabilitation that targets the specific brain networks responsible for the individuals' distinct sensorimotor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Baker
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Christian Schranz
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Na Jin Seo
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 151B Rutledge Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, 109 Bee St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Li M, Chen J, He B, He G, Zhao CG, Yuan H, Xie J, Xu G, Li J. Stimulation enhancement effect of the combination of exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation and fingertip haptic stimulation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1149265. [PMID: 37287795 PMCID: PMC10242052 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1149265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Providing stimulation enhancements to existing hand rehabilitation training methods may help stroke survivors achieve better treatment outcomes. This paper presents a comparison study to explore the stimulation enhancement effects of the combination of exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation and fingertip haptic stimulation by analyzing behavioral data and event-related potentials. Methods The stimulation effects of the touch sensations created by a water bottle and that created by cutaneous fingertip stimulation with pneumatic actuators are also investigated. Fingertip haptic stimulation was combined with exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation while the haptic stimulation was synchronized with the motion of our hand exoskeleton. In the experiments, three experimental modes, including exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion without haptic stimulation (Mode 1), exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with haptic stimulation (Mode 2), and exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with a water bottle (Mode 3), were compared. Results The behavioral analysis results showed that the change of experimental modes had no significant effect on the recognition accuracy of stimulation levels (p = 0.658), while regarding the response time, exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with haptic stimulation was the same as grasping a water bottle (p = 0.441) but significantly different from that without haptic stimulation (p = 0.006). The analysis of event-related potentials showed that the primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and primary somatosensory areas of the brain were more activated when both the hand motion assistance and fingertip haptic feedback were provided using our proposed method (P300 amplitude 9.46 μV). Compared to only applying exoskeleton-assisted hand motion, the P300 amplitude was significantly improved by providing both exoskeleton-assisted hand motion and fingertip haptic stimulation (p = 0.006), but no significant differences were found between any other two modes (Mode 2 vs. Mode 3: p = 0.227, Mode 1 vs. Mode 3: p = 0.918). Different modes did not significantly affect the P300 latency (p = 0.102). Stimulation intensity had no effect on the P300 amplitude (p = 0.295, 0.414, 0.867) and latency (p = 0.417, 0.197, 0.607). Discussion Thus, we conclude that combining exoskeleton-assisted hand motion and fingertip haptic stimulation provided stronger stimulation on the motor cortex and somatosensory cortex of the brain simultaneously; the stimulation effects of the touch sensations created by a water bottle and that created by cutaneous fingertip stimulation with pneumatic actuators are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoying He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Guang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jichun Li
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Cheng X, Yang J, Hao Z, Li Y, Fu R, Zu Y, Ma J, Lo WLA, Yu Q, Zhang G, Wang C. The effects of proprioceptive weighting changes on posture control in patients with chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1144900. [PMID: 37273697 PMCID: PMC10235490 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1144900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) exhibit changes in proprioceptive weighting and impaired postural control. This study aimed to investigate proprioceptive weighting changes in patients with CLBP and their influence on posture control. Methods Sixteen patients with CLBP and 16 healthy controls were recruited. All participants completed the joint reposition test sense (JRS) and threshold to detect passive motion test (TTDPM). The absolute errors (AE) of the reposition and perception angles were recorded. Proprioceptive postural control was tested by applying vibrations to the triceps surae or lumbar paravertebral muscles while standing on a stable or unstable force plate. Sway length and sway velocity along the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions were assessed. Relative proprioceptive weighting (RPW) was used to evaluate the proprioception reweighting ability. Higher values indicated increased reliance on calf proprioception. Results There was no significant difference in age, gender, and BMI between subjects with and without CLBP. The AE and motion perception angle in the CLBP group were significantly higher than those in the control group (JRS of 15°: 2.50 (2.50) vs. 1.50 (1.42), JRS of 35°: 3.83 (3.75) vs. 1.67 (2.00), pJRS < 0.01; 1.92 (1.18) vs. 0.68 (0.52), pTTDPM < 0.001). The CLBP group demonstrated a significantly higher RPW value than the healthy controls on an unstable surface (0.58 ± 0.21 vs. 0.41 ± 0.26, p < 0.05). Under the condition of triceps surae vibration, the sway length (pstable < 0.05; punstable < 0.001), AP velocity (pstable < 0.01; punstable < 0.001) and ML velocity (punstable < 0.05) had significant group main effects. Moreover, when the triceps surae vibrated under the unstable surface, the differences during vibration and post vibration in sway length and AP velocity between the groups were significantly higher in the CLBP group than in the healthy group (p < 0.05). However, under the condition of lumbar paravertebral muscle vibration, no significant group main effect was observed. Conclusion The patients with CLBP exhibited impaired dynamic postural control in response to disturbances, potentially linked to changes in proprioceptive weighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengming Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruochen Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Suk HJ, Buie N, Xu G, Banerjee A, Boyden ES, Tsai LH. Vibrotactile stimulation at gamma frequency mitigates pathology related to neurodegeneration and improves motor function. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1129510. [PMID: 37273653 PMCID: PMC10233036 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1129510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk for neurodegenerative diseases increases with aging, with various pathological conditions and functional deficits accompanying these diseases. We have previously demonstrated that non-invasive visual stimulation using 40 Hz light flicker ameliorated pathology and modified cognitive function in mouse models of neurodegeneration, but whether 40 Hz stimulation using another sensory modality can impact neurodegeneration and motor function has not been studied. Here, we show that whole-body vibrotactile stimulation at 40 Hz leads to increased neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (SSp) and primary motor cortex (MOp). In two different mouse models of neurodegeneration, Tau P301S and CK-p25 mice, daily exposure to 40 Hz vibrotactile stimulation across multiple weeks also led to decreased brain pathology in SSp and MOp. Furthermore, both Tau P301S and CK-p25 mice showed improved motor performance after multiple weeks of daily 40 Hz vibrotactile stimulation. Vibrotactile stimulation at 40 Hz may thus be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases with motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jun Suk
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Nicole Buie
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Guojie Xu
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Arit Banerjee
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Edward S. Boyden
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Neurobiological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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26
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Shao D, Jiang D, Huang Q, Ren S, Li J, Xiao J, Guan Y, Lai B, Zhao J, Xie F, Hua F. Brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter changes in rats with morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13277. [PMID: 37186440 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Addiction to morphine is a chronic brain disease leading to compulsive abuse. Drug addiction animal models with and without conditioned place preference (CPP) training have been used to investigate cue-elicited drug craving. We used 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) and 11 C-2-β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (11 C-CFT) micro-PET/CT scans to examine the regional changes in brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter (DAT) availability to study their relationship underlying drug memory in morphine-treated rat models with and without CPP. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) of 18 F-FDG significantly decreased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and cingulate with short-term morphine administration compared with the baseline condition. Voxelwise analysis indicated glucose metabolism alterations in the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus and cingulate in morphine-treated rats and in the striatum, thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex and many regions in the cortex in the CPP group compared with the baseline condition. Alterative glucose metabolism was also observed in the striatum, primary somatosensory cortex and some cortical regions in the CPP group compared with morphine alone group. DAT expression alterations were only observed in the long-term morphine compared with the short-term morphine group. This study shows that cerebral glucose metabolism significantly altered during morphine administration and CPP process mainly in the mPFC, striatum and hippocampus, which indicates that the function of these brain regions is involved in cue-induced craving and memory retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Shao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donglang Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengchun Hua
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hansen M, Simon KR, Strack J, He X, Noble KG, Merz EC. Socioeconomic disparities in sleep duration are associated with cortical thickness in children. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2859. [PMID: 36575851 PMCID: PMC9927856 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disrupted sleep has been consistently linked with lower academic achievement and worse mental health in children. Less is understood about sleep as a potential factor underlying socioeconomic differences in brain morphometry in children. The goals of this study were to investigate the associations among socioeconomic factors, sleep duration, and brain morphometry in children, and to examine the roles of the sleep environment and family routines in these associations. METHODS Participants were 5- to 9-year-old children from socioeconomically diverse families (N = 94; 61% female). Parents reported on children's weekday and weekend sleep durations, sleep environment, and family routines. High-resolution, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired. Analyses focused on cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and amygdala and hippocampal volume. RESULTS Results indicated that lower family income-to-needs ratio and parental education were significantly associated with shorter weekday sleep duration in children. Shorter weekday sleep duration was significantly associated with reduced thickness in the left middle temporal, right postcentral, and right superior frontal cortices and smaller basolateral but not centromedial amygdala volume. Family routines significantly mediated the associations of family income-to-needs ratio and parental education with weekday sleep duration in children. CONCLUSION These results contribute to our understanding of sleep factors as proximal mechanisms through which socioeconomic context may alter neural development during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hansen
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Katrina R. Simon
- Department of Human DevelopmentTeachers College, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - Jordan Strack
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Xiaofu He
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUSA
| | - Kimberly G. Noble
- Department of Human DevelopmentTeachers College, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - Emily C. Merz
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
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de Freitas Zanona A, Romeiro da Silva AC, Baltar do Rego Maciel A, Shirahige Gomes do Nascimento L, Bezerra da Silva A, Piscitelli D, Monte-Silva K. Sensory and motor cortical excitability changes induced by rTMS and sensory stimulation in stroke: A randomized clinical trial. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:985754. [PMID: 36760794 PMCID: PMC9907709 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.985754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to produce coordinated movement is dependent on dynamic interactions through transcallosal fibers between the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain. Although typically unilateral, stroke induces changes in functional and effective connectivity across hemispheres, which are related to sensorimotor impairment and stroke recovery. Previous studies have focused almost exclusively on interhemispheric interactions in the primary motor cortex (M1). Objective To identify the presence of interhemispheric asymmetry (ASY) of somatosensory cortex (S1) excitability and to investigate whether S1 repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with sensory stimulation (SS) changes excitability in S1 and M1, as well as S1 ASY, in individuals with subacute stroke. Methods A randomized clinical trial. Participants with a single episode of stroke, in the subacute phase, between 35 and 75 years old, were allocated, randomly and equally balanced, to four groups: rTMS/sham SS, sham rTMS/SS, rTMS/SS, and sham rTMS/Sham SS. Participants underwent 10 sessions of S1 rTMS of the lesioned hemisphere (10 Hz, 1,500 pulses) followed by SS. SS was applied to the paretic upper limb (UL) (active SS) or non-paretic UL (sham SS). TMS-induced motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of the paretic UL and somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) of both ULs assessed M1 and S1 cortical excitability, respectively. The S1 ASY index was measured before and after intervention. Evaluator, participants and the statistician were blinded. Results Thirty-six participants divided equally into groups (nine participants per group). Seven patients were excluded from MEP analysis because of failure to produce consistent MEP. One participant was excluded in the SSEP analysis because no SSEP was detected. All somatosensory stimulation groups had decreased S1 ASY except for the sham rTMS/Sham SS group. When compared with baseline, M1 excitability increased only in the rTMS/SS group. Conclusion S1 rTMS and SS alone or in combination changed S1 excitability and decreased ASY, but it was only their combination that increased M1 excitability. Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT03329807).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristela de Freitas Zanona
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil,Occupational Therapy Department and Post-Graduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Baltar do Rego Maciel
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Bezerra da Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Daniele Piscitelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States,*Correspondence: Daniele Piscitelli, ,
| | - Katia Monte-Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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McCracken HS, Murphy BA, Ambalavanar U, Glazebrook CM, Yielder PC. Sensorimotor integration and motor learning during a novel force-matching task in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1078925. [PMID: 36684834 PMCID: PMC9849696 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1078925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that exhibits unique neurological and behavioral characteristics. Those with ADHD often have noted impairments in motor performance and coordination, including during tasks that require force modulation. The present study provides insight into the role of altered neural processing and SMI in response to a motor learning paradigm requiring force modulation and proprioception, that previous literature has suggested to be altered in those with ADHD, which can also inform our understanding of the neurophysiology underlying sensorimotor integration (SMI) in the general population. Methods Adults with ADHD (n = 15) and neurotypical controls (n = 15) performed a novel force-matching task, where participants used their right-thumb to match a trace template that varied from 2-12% of their Abductor Pollicis Brevis maximum voluntary contraction. This motor task was completed in pre, acquisition, and post blocks. Participants also completed a retention test 24 h later. Median nerve somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) were collected pre and post motor acquisition. SEPs were stimulated at two frequencies, 2.47 Hz and 4.98 Hz, and 1,000 sweeps were recorded using 64-electrode electroencephalography (EEG) at 2,048 Hz. SEP amplitude changes were normalized to each participant's baseline values for that peak. Results Both groups improved at post measures (ADHD: 0.85 ± 0.09; Controls: 0.85 ± 0.10), with improvements maintained at retention (ADHD: 0.82 ± 0.11; Controls: 0.82 ± 0.11). The ADHD group had a decreased N18 post-acquisition (0.87 ± 0.48), while the control N18 increased (1.91 ± 1.43). The N30 increased in both groups, with a small increase in the ADHD group (1.03 ± 0.21) and a more pronounced increase in controls (1.15 ± 0.27). Discussion Unique neural differences between groups were found after the acquisition of a novel force-matching motor paradigm, particularly relating to the N18 peak. The N18 differences suggest that those with ADHD have reduced olivary-cerebellar-M1 inhibition when learning a novel motor task dependent on force-modulation, potentially due to difficulties integrating the afferent feedback necessary to perform the task. The results of this work provide evidence that young adults with ADHD have altered proprioceptive processing when learning a novel motor task when compared to neurotypical controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather S. McCracken
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bernadette A. Murphy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Bernadette A. Murphy,
| | - Ushani Ambalavanar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl M. Glazebrook
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,Health, Leisure & Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Paul C. Yielder
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada,Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
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Guo Y, Zheng H, Long J. Gating at cortical level contributes to auditory-motor synchronization during repetitive finger tapping. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:6198-6206. [PMID: 36563001 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory integration contributes to temporal coordination of the movement with external rhythms. How the information flowing of sensory inputs is regulated with increasing tapping rates and its function remains unknown. Here, somatosensory evoked potentials to ulnar nerve stimulation were recorded during auditory-cued repetitive right-index finger tapping at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 Hz in 13 healthy subjects. We found that sensory inputs were suppressed at subcortical level (represented by P14) and primary somatosensory cortex (S1, represented by N20/P25) during repetitive tapping. This suppression was decreased in S1 but not in subcortical level during fast repetitive tapping (2, 3, and 4 Hz) compared with slow repetitive tapping (0.5 and 1 Hz). Furthermore, we assessed the ability to analyze temporal information in S1 by measuring the somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold (STDT). STDT increased during fast repetitive tapping compared with slow repetitive tapping, which was negatively correlated with the task performance of phase shift and positively correlated with the peak-to-peak amplitude (% of resting) in S1 but not in subcortical level. These novel findings indicate that the increased sensory input (lower sensory gating) in S1 may lead to greater temporal uncertainty for sensorimotor integration dereasing the performance of repetitive movement during increasing tapping rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiu Guo
- Jinan University, College of Information Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huixian Zheng
- Jinan University, College of Information Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinyi Long
- Jinan University, College of Information Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Yunoki K, Watanabe T, Matsumoto T, Kuwabara T, Horinouchi T, Ito K, Ishida H, Kirimoto H. Cutaneous information processing differs with load type during isometric finger abduction. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279477. [PMID: 36548285 PMCID: PMC9778995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During submaximal isometric contraction, there are two different load types: maintenance of a constant limb angle while supporting an inertial load (position task) and maintenance of a constant force by pushing against a rigid restraint (force task). Previous studies demonstrated that performing the position task requires more proprioceptive information. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there would be a difference in cutaneous information processing between the position and force tasks by assessing the gating effect, which is reduction of amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), and cutaneomuscular reflex (CMR). Eighteen healthy adults participated in this study. They contracted their right first dorsal interosseous muscle by abducting their index finger to produce a constant force against a rigid restraint that was 20% maximum voluntary contraction (force task), or to maintain a target position corresponding to 10° abduction of the metacarpophalangeal joint while supporting a load equivalent to 20% maximum voluntary contraction (position task). During each task, electrical stimulation was applied to the digital nerves of the right index finger, and SEPs and CMR were recorded from C3' of the International 10-20 system and the right first dorsal interosseous muscle, respectively. Reduction of the amplitude of N33 component of SEPs was significantly larger during the force than position task. In addition, the E2 amplitude of CMR was significantly greater for the force than position task. These findings suggest that cutaneous information processing differs with load type during static muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yunoki
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Watanabe
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuwabara
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Uonuma Kikan Hospital, Minamiuonuma, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Horinouchi
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kanami Ito
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Haruki Ishida
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hikari Kirimoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Margalit SN, Golomb NG, Tsur O, Ben Yehoshua E, Raz A, Slovin H. Spatiotemporal patterns of population response in the visual cortex under isoflurane: from wakefulness to loss of consciousness. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:5512-5529. [PMID: 35169840 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthetic drugs are widely used in medicine and research to mediate loss of consciousness (LOC). Isoflurane is a commonly used anesthetic drug; however, its effects on cortical sensory processing, in particular around LOC, are not well understood. Using voltage-sensitive dye imaging, we measured visually evoked neuronal population response from the visual cortex in awake and anesthetized mice at 3 increasing concentrations of isoflurane, thus controlling the level of anesthesia from wakefulness to deep anesthesia. At low concentration of isoflurane, the effects on neuronal measures were minor relative to the awake condition. These effects augmented with increasing isoflurane concentration, while around LOC point, they showed abrupt and nonlinear changes. At the network level, we found that isoflurane decreased the stimulus-evoked intra-areal spatial spread of local neural activation, previously reported to be mediated by horizontal connections, and also reduced intra-areal synchronization of neuronal population. The synchronization between different visual areas decreased with higher isoflurane levels. Isoflurane reduced the population response amplitude and prolonged their latencies while higher visual areas showed increased vulnerability to isoflurane concentration. Our results uncover the changes in neural activity and synchronization at isoflurane concentrations leading to LOC and suggest reverse hierarchical shutdown of cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shany Nivinsky Margalit
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Neta Gery Golomb
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel and The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Omer Tsur
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Eve Ben Yehoshua
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Aeyal Raz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel and The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hamutal Slovin
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
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Ryan D, O’Donoghue G, Rio E, Segurado R, O’Sullivan C. The effect of combined Action Observation Therapy with eccentric exercises in the treatment of mid-portion Achilles-tendinopathy: a feasibility pilot randomised controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:201. [PMID: 36447250 PMCID: PMC9706872 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mid-portion Achilles Tendinopathy (AT) is a common musculoskeletal condition with varying rehabilitation success rates. Despite the prevalence of this condition, a considerable proportion of individuals experience persisting pain and functional deficits. Current treatment approaches bias the biomedical model which emphasises physically treating and loading the tendon. Overall, there is a lack of consideration for the central nervous system that is commonly implicated in chronic injuries. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of combining Action Observation Therapy (AOT), a treatment technique which targets central changes and influences motor learning, with eccentric exercises in the treatment of mid-portion AT. AOT involves the observation of movements and is commonly followed by the physical performance of these same movements. METHODOLOGY This was a double-blinded randomised controlled pilot feasibility study. All participants underwent the 12-week Alfredson eccentric training protocol. The intervention group watched videos of the exercises prior to performing these exercises, whilst the control group watched nature videos before performing the same exercises. Study feasibility was the primary outcome measure, with the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment- Achilles (VISA-A) selected as the primary clinical outcome measure. RESULTS Thirty participants were recruited, reflecting a 75% eligibility rate and 100% of eligible participants enrolled in the study. The retention rate at week 12 was 80%. At week six the mean VISA-A score improved by 18.1 (95% CI 10.2-26.0) in the intervention group and 7.7 (95% CI 0.3-14.9) in the control group, and 75% and 33% of participants in the intervention and control group respectively exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). At week 12 the mean VISA-A score from baseline improved by 22.25 (95% CI 12.52-31.98) in the intervention group and 16.5-(95% CI 8.47-24.53) in the control group, equating to 75% and 58% in each group respectively exceeding the MCID. CONCLUSION The positive feasibility outcomes and exploratory data from the clinical outcome measures suggest that a larger scaled RCT is warranted to further investigate the impact of AOT in the rehabilitation of mid-portion AT. Trial registration ISRCTN58161116, first registered on the 23/12/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre Ryan
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gráinne O’Donoghue
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ebonie Rio
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Allied Health, La Trobe University Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ricardo Segurado
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cliona O’Sullivan
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
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Lee JY, You T, Woo CW, Kim SG. Optogenetic fMRI for Brain-Wide Circuit Analysis of Sensory Processing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012268. [PMID: 36293125 PMCID: PMC9602603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing is a complex neurological process that receives, integrates, and responds to information from one's own body and environment, which is closely related to survival as well as neurological disorders. Brain-wide networks of sensory processing are difficult to investigate due to their dynamic regulation by multiple brain circuits. Optogenetics, a neuromodulation technique that uses light-sensitive proteins, can be combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (ofMRI) to measure whole-brain activity. Since ofMRI has increasingly been used for investigating brain circuits underlying sensory processing for over a decade, we systematically reviewed recent ofMRI studies of sensory circuits and discussed the challenges of optogenetic fMRI in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Yun Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Taeyi You
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Choong-Wan Woo
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-299-4350; Fax: +82-31-299-4506
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Ballard HK, Jackson TB, Hicks TH, Bernard JA. The association of reproductive stage with lobular cerebellar network connectivity across female adulthood. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 117:139-150. [PMID: 35738086 PMCID: PMC10149146 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sex-specific differences in the aging cerebellum may be related to hormone changes with menopause. We evaluated the association between reproductive stage and lobular cerebellar network connectivity using data from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience repository. We used raw structural and resting state neuroimaging data and information regarding age, sex, and menopause-related variables. Crus I and II and Lobules V and VI were our cerebellar seeds of interest. We characterized reproductive stage using the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop criteria. Results show that postmenopausal females have lower cerebello-striatal and cerebello-cortical connectivity, particularly in frontal regions, along with lower connectivity within the cerebellum, compared to reproductive females. Postmenopausal females also exhibit greater connectivity in some brain areas as well. Differences begin to emerge across transitional stages of menopause. Further, results reveal sex-specific differences in connectivity between female reproductive groups and age-matched male control groups. This suggests that menopause may be associated with cerebellar network connectivity in aging females, and sex differences in the aging brain may be related to this biological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Ballard
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - T Bryan Jackson
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tracey H Hicks
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jessica A Bernard
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Kerezoudis P, Lundstrom BN, Meyer FB, Worrell GA, Van Gompel JJ. Surgical approaches to refractory central lobule epilepsy: a systematic review on the role of resection, ablation, and stimulation in the contemporary era. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:735-746. [PMID: 35171813 DOI: 10.3171/2021.10.jns211875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy originating from the central lobule (i.e., the primary sensorimotor cortex) is a challenging entity to treat given its involvement of eloquent cortex. The objective of this study was to review available evidence on treatment options for central lobule epilepsy. METHODS A comprehensive literature search (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus) was conducted for studies (1990 to date) investigating postoperative outcomes for central lobule epilepsy. The primary and secondary endpoints were seizure freedom at last follow-up and postoperative neurological deficit, respectively. The following procedures were included: open resection, multiple subpial transections (MSTs), laser and radiofrequency ablation, deep brain stimulation (DBS), responsive neurostimulation (RNS), and continuous subthreshold cortical stimulation (CSCS). RESULTS A total of 52 studies and 504 patients were analyzed. Most evidence was based on open resection, yielding a total of 400 patients (24 studies), of whom 62% achieved seizure freedom at a mean follow-up of 48 months. A new or worsened motor deficit occurred in 44% (permanent in 19%). Forty-six patients underwent MSTs, of whom 16% achieved seizure freedom and 30% had a neurological deficit (permanent in 12%). There were 6 laser ablation cases (cavernomas in 50%) with seizure freedom in 4 patients and 1 patient with temporary motor deficit. There were 5 radiofrequency ablation cases, with 1 patient achieving seizure freedom, 2 patients each with Engel class III and IV outcomes, and 2 patients with motor deficit. The mean seizure frequency reduction at the last follow-up was 79% for RNS (28 patients), 90% for CSCS (15 patients), and 73% for DBS (4 patients). There were no cases of temporary or permanent neurological deficit in the CSCS or DBS group. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the safety and efficacy profile of resection, ablation, and stimulation for refractory central lobe epilepsy. Resection of localized regions of epilepsy onset zones results in good rates of seizure freedom (62%); however, nearly 20% of patients had permanent motor deficits. The authors hope that this review will be useful to providers and patients when tailoring decision-making for this intricate pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fredric B Meyer
- 1Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester; and
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The Effectiveness of High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Patients with Neuropathic Orofacial Pain: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:6131696. [PMID: 36061584 PMCID: PMC9433245 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6131696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been widely used in the treatment of neuropathic orofacial pain (NOP). The consistency of its therapeutic efficacy with the optimal protocol is highly debatable. Objective To assess the effectiveness of rTMS on pain intensity, psychological conditions, and quality of life (QOL) in individuals with NOP based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We carefully screened and browsed 5 medical databases from inception to January 1, 2022. The study will be included that use of rTMS as the intervention for patients with NOP. Two researchers independently completed record retrieval, data processing, and evaluation of methodological quality. Quality and evidence were assessed using the PEDro scores and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results Six RCTs with 214 participants were included in this systematic review: 2 studies were considered level 1 evidence, and 4 were considered level 2 evidence. Six studies found that high-frequency rTMS had a pain-relieving effect, while 4 studies found no improvement in psychological conditions and QOL. Quality of evidence (GRADE system) ranged from moderate to high. No significant side effects were found. Conclusions There is moderate-to-high evidence to prove that high-frequency rTMS is effective in reducing pain in individuals with NOP, but it has no significant positive effect on psychological conditions and QOL. High-frequency rTMS can be used as an alternative treatment for pain in individuals with NOP, but further studies will be conducted to unify treatment parameters, and the sample size will be expanded to explore its influence on psychological conditions and QOL.
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Glutamate, GABA and glutathione in adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103152. [PMID: 36007438 PMCID: PMC9424629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) are debilitating and endure beyond the usual recovery period after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Altered neurotransmission, impaired energy metabolism and oxidative stress have been examined acutely post-injury but have not been explored extensively in those with persistent symptoms. Specifically, the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and the excitatory and inhibitory metabolites, glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are seldom studied together in the clinical mTBI literature. While Glu can be measured using conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods at 3 Tesla, GABA and GSH require the use of advanced MRS methods. Here, we used the recently established Hadamard Encoding and Reconstruction of MEGA-Edited Spectroscopy (HERMES) to simultaneously measure GSH and GABA and short-echo time point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) to measure Glu to gain new insight into the pathophysiology of PPCS. Twenty-nine adults with PPCS (mean age: 45.69 years, s.d.: 10.73, 22 females, 7 males) and 29 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age: 43.69 years, s.d.: 11.00) completed magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans with voxels placed in the anterior cingulate and right sensorimotor cortex. Relative to controls, anterior cingulate Glu was significantly reduced in PPCS. Higher anterior cingulate GABA was significantly associated with a higher number of lifetime mTBIs, suggesting GABA may be upregulated with repeated incidence of mTBI. Furthermore, GSH in both regions of interest was positively associated with symptoms of sleepiness and headache burden. Collectively, our findings suggest that the antioxidant defense system is active in participants with PPCS, however this may be at the expense of other glutamatergic functions such as cortical excitation and energy metabolism.
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Xu M, Qi S, Calhoun V, Dai J, Yu B, Zhang K, Pei M, Li C, Wei Y, Jiang R, Zhi D, Huang Z, Qiu Z, Liang Z, Sui J. Aberrant brain functional and structural developments in MECP2 duplication rats. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105838. [PMID: 35985556 PMCID: PMC9631682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic animal models with homologous etiology provide a promising way to pursue the neurobiological substrates of the behavioral deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 cause MECP2 duplication syndrome, a severe neurological disorder with core symptoms of ASD. However, abnormal brain developments underlying the autistic-like behavioral deficits of MECP2 duplication syndrome are rarely investigated. To this end, a human MECP2 duplication (MECP2-DP) rat model was created by the bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic method. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high-field were performed on 16 male MECP2-DP rats and 15 male wildtype rats at postnatal 28 days, 42 days, and 56 days old. Multimodal fusion analyses guided by locomotor-relevant metrics and social novelty time separately were applied to identify abnormal brain networks associated with diverse behavioral deficits induced by MECP2 duplication. Aberrant functional developments of a core network primarily composed of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSP) were detected to associate with diverse behavioral phenotypes in MECP2-DP rats. Altered developments of gray matter volume were detected in the hippocampus and thalamus. We conclude that gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 induce aberrant functional activities in the default-mode-like network and aberrant volumetric changes in the brain, resulting in autistic-like behavioral deficits. Our results gain critical insights into the biomarker of MECP2 duplication syndrome and the neurobiological underpinnings of the behavioral deficits in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jiankun Dai
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kaiwei Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mengchao Pei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chenjian Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yusheng Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongmei Zhi
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jing Sui
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Vachha BA, Middlebrooks EH. Brain Functional Imaging Anatomy. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2022; 32:491-505. [PMID: 35843658 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Human brain function is an increasingly complex framework that has important implications in clinical medicine. In this review, the anatomy of the most commonly assessed brain functions in clinical neuroradiology, including motor, language, and vision, is discussed. The anatomy and function of the primary and secondary sensorimotor areas are discussed with clinical case examples. Next, the dual stream of language processing is reviewed, as well as its implications in clinical medicine and surgical planning. Last, the authors discuss the striate and extrastriate visual cortex and review the dual stream model of visual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behroze Adi Vachha
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Rapp C, Hamilton J, Richer K, Sajjad M, Yao R, Thanos PK. Alcohol binge drinking decreases brain glucose metabolism and functional connectivity in adolescent rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1901-1908. [PMID: 35567647 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse represents a serious health concern, especially during adolescence, with approximately 18% of high school students engaging in binge drinking. Despite widespread misuse of alcohol, its effects on how the brain functions is not fully understood. This study utilized a binge drinking model in adolescent rats to examine effects on brain function as measured by brain glucose metabolism (BGluM). Following an injection of [18 FDG] fluro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, rats had voluntary access to either water or various concentrations of ethanol to obtain the following targeted doses: water (no ethanol), low dose ethanol (0.29 ± 0.03 g/kg), moderate dose ethanol (0.98 ± 0.05), and high dose ethanol (2.19 ± 0.23 g/kg). Rats were subsequently scanned using positron emission tomography. All three doses of ethanol were found to decrease BGluM in the restrosplenial cortex, visual cortex, jaw region of the somatosensory cortex, and cerebellum. For both the LD and MD ethanol dose, decreased BGluM was seen in the superior colliculi. The MD ethanol dose also decreased BGluM in the subiculum, frontal association area, as well as the primary motor cortex. Lastly, the HD ethanol dose decreased BGluM in the hippocampus, thalamus, raphe nucleus, inferior colliculus, and the primary motor cortex. Similar decreases in the hippocampus were also seen in the LD group. Taken together, these results highlight the negative consequences of acute binge drinking on BGluM in many regions of the brain involved in sensory, motor, and cognitive processes. Future studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of alcohol binge drinking on brain function as well as its cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Rapp
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University at New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - John Hamilton
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States
| | - Kaleigh Richer
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States
| | - Munawwar Sajjad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States
| | - Rutao Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States
| | - Panayotis K Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States.
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Schranz C, Vatinno A, Ramakrishnan V, Seo NJ. Neuroplasticity after upper-extremity rehabilitation therapy with sensory stimulation in chronic stroke survivors. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac191. [PMID: 35938072 PMCID: PMC9351980 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of using subthreshold vibration as a peripheral sensory stimulation during therapy on cortical activity. Secondary analysis of a pilot triple-blinded randomized controlled trial. Twelve chronic stroke survivors underwent 2-week upper-extremity task-practice therapy. Half received subthreshold vibratory stimulation on their paretic wrist (treatment group) and the other half did not (control). EEG connectivity and event-related de-/resynchronization for the sensorimotor network during hand grip were examined at pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up. Statistically significant group by time interactions were observed for both connectivity and event-related spectral perturbation. For the treatment group, connectivity increased at post-intervention and decreased at follow-up. Event-related desynchronization decreased and event-related resynchronization increased at post-intervention, which was maintained at follow-up. The control group had the opposite trend for connectivity and no change in event-related spectral perturbation. The stimulation altered cortical sensorimotor activity. The findings complement the clinical results of the trial in which the treatment group significantly improved gross manual dexterity while the control group did not. Increased connectivity in the treatment group may indicate neuroplasticity for motor learning, while reduced event-related desynchronization and increased event-related resynchronization may indicate lessened effort for grip and improved inhibitory control. EEG may improve understanding of neural processes underlying motor recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schranz
- Correspondence to: Christian Schranz, PhD 77 President Street, Charleston SC 29425, USA E-mail:
| | - Amanda Vatinno
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Viswanathan Ramakrishnan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Na Jin Seo
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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Triccas LT, Camilleri KP, Tracey C, Mansoureh FH, Benjamin W, Francesca M, Leonardo B, Dante M, Geert V. Reliability of Upper Limb Pin-Prick Stimulation With Electroencephalography: Evoked Potentials, Spectra and Source Localization. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:881291. [PMID: 35937675 PMCID: PMC9351050 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.881291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order for electroencephalography (EEG) with sensory stimuli measures to be used in research and neurological clinical practice, demonstration of reliability is needed. However, this is rarely examined. Here we studied the test-retest reliability of the EEG latency and amplitude of evoked potentials and spectra as well as identifying the sources during pin-prick stimulation. We recorded EEG in 23 healthy older adults who underwent a protocol of pin-prick stimulation on the dominant and non-dominant hand. EEG was recorded in a second session with rest intervals of 1 week. For EEG electrodes Fz, Cz, and Pz peak amplitude, latency and frequency spectra for pin-prick evoked potentials was determined and test-retest reliability was assessed. Substantial reliability ICC scores (0.76-0.79) were identified for evoked potential negative-positive amplitude from the left hand at C4 channel and positive peak latency when stimulating the right hand at Cz channel. Frequency spectra showed consistent increase of low-frequency band activity (< 5 Hz) and also in theta and alpha bands in first 0.25 s. Almost perfect reliability scores were found for activity at both low-frequency and theta bands (ICC scores: 0.81-0.98). Sources were identified in the primary somatosensory and motor cortices in relation to the positive peak using s-LORETA analysis. Measuring the frequency response from the pin-prick evoked potentials may allow the reliable assessment of central somatosensory impairment in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Tedesco Triccas
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Systems and Control Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Centre for Biomedical Cybernetics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Kenneth P. Camilleri
- Department of Systems and Control Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Biomedical Cybernetics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Camilleri Tracey
- Department of Systems and Control Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Biomedical Cybernetics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Fahimi Hnazaee Mansoureh
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Muscat Francesca
- Department of Systems and Control Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Biomedical Cybernetics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Boccuni Leonardo
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mantini Dante
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Verheyden Geert
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Lv Q, Zhang J, Pan Y, Liu X, Miao L, Peng J, Song L, Zou Y, Chen X. Somatosensory Deficits After Stroke: Insights From MRI Studies. Front Neurol 2022; 13:891283. [PMID: 35911919 PMCID: PMC9328992 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.891283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory deficits after stroke are a major health problem, which can impair patients' health status and quality of life. With the developments in human brain mapping techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), many studies have applied those techniques to unravel neural substrates linked to apoplexy sequelae. Multi-parametric MRI is a vital method for the measurement of stroke and has been applied to diagnose stroke severity, predict outcome and visualize changes in activation patterns during stroke recovery. However, relatively little is known about the somatosensory deficits after stroke and their recovery. This review aims to highlight the utility and importance of MRI techniques in the field of somatosensory deficits and synthesizes corresponding articles to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of somatosensory symptoms. Here, we start by reviewing the anatomic and functional features of the somatosensory system. And then, we provide a discussion of MRI techniques and analysis methods. Meanwhile, we present the application of those techniques and methods in clinical studies, focusing on recent research advances and the potential for clinical translation. Finally, we identify some limitations and open questions of current imaging studies that need to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Lv
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junning Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Pan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jing Peng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihuai Zou
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Carnemolla S, Kumfor F, Liang CT, Foxe D, Ahmed R, Piguet O. Olfactory Bulb Integrity in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:51-66. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent in dementia syndromes, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The structural integrity of the olfactory bulb (OB) is thought to play a critical role in odor detection and identification, but no MRI study has measured OB volume in FTD, or measured OB volume longitudinally in AD. Objective: To measure OB volume in FTD and AD patients longitudinally using MRI. Methods: This study measured OB volumes using MRI in patients diagnosed with behavioral-variant FTD (n = 55), semantic dementia (n = 34), progressive non-fluent aphasia (n = 30), AD (n = 50), and healthy age-matched controls (n = 55) at their first visit to a dementia research clinic (‘baseline’). Imaging data in patients 12-months later were analyzed where available (n = 84) for longitudinal assessment. Volumes of subcortical and cortical olfactory regions (‘olfactory network’) were obtained via surface-based morphometry. Results: Results revealed that in AD and FTD at baseline, OB volumes were similar to controls, whereas volumes of olfactory network regions were significantly reduced in all patient groups except in progressive non-fluent aphasia. Longitudinal data revealed that OB volume became significantly reduced (10–25% volume reduction) in all dementia groups with disease progression. Conclusion: Olfactory dysfunction is common in patients diagnosed with AD or FTD, but our results indicate that there is no detectable volume loss to the OBs upon first presentation to the clinic. Our findings indicate that the OBs become detectably atrophied later in the disease process. OB atrophy indicates the potential usefulness for OBs to be targeted in interventions to improve olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Carnemolla
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Kumfor
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng Tao Liang
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Foxe
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebekah Ahmed
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Central Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Chung G, Yun YC, Kim CY, Kim SK, Kim SJ. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in the Dysgranular Zone of Primary Somatosensory Cortex Mediates Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1633. [PMID: 35884938 PMCID: PMC9313034 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) plays a key role in the discrimination of somatic sensations. Among subdivisions in S1, the dysgranular zone of rodent S1 (S1DZ) is homologous to Brodmann's area 3a of primate S1, which is involved in the processing of noxious signals from the body. However, molecular changes in this region and their role in the pathological pain state have never been studied. In this study, we identified molecular alteration of the S1DZ in a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by right L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) surgery and investigated its functional role in pain symptoms. Brain images acquired from SNL group and control group in our previous study were analyzed, and behaviors were measured using the von Frey test, acetone test, and conditioned place preference test. We found that metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) levels were significantly upregulated in the S1DZ contralateral to the nerve injury in the SNL group compared to the sham group. Pharmacological deactivation of mGluR5 in S1DZ ameliorated symptoms of neuropathic allodynia, which was shown by a significant increase in the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and a decrease in the behavioral response to cold stimuli. We further confirmed that this treatment induced relief from the tonic-aversive state of chronic neuropathic pain, as a place preference memory associated with the treatment-paired chamber was formed in rats with neuropathic pain. Our data provide evidence that mGluR5 in the S1DZ is involved in the manifestation of abnormal pain sensations in the neuropathic pain state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geehoon Chung
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (G.C.); (S.K.K.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (C.Y.K.)
| | - Yeong-Chan Yun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (C.Y.K.)
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Chae Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (C.Y.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sun Kwang Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (G.C.); (S.K.K.)
| | - Sang Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (C.Y.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
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47
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McCracken HS, Murphy BA, Ambalavanar U, Glazebrook CM, Yielder PC. Source Localization of Audiovisual Multisensory Neural Generators in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060809. [PMID: 35741694 PMCID: PMC9221313 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that exhibits unique neurological and behavioural characteristics. Our previous work using event-related potentials demonstrated that adults with ADHD process audiovisual multisensory stimuli somewhat differently than neurotypical controls. This study utilised an audiovisual multisensory two-alternative forced-choice discrimination task. Continuous whole-head electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. Source localization (sLORETA) software was utilised to determine differences in the contribution made by sources of neural generators pertinent to audiovisual multisensory processing in those with ADHD versus neurotypical controls. Source localization techniques elucidated that the controls had greater neural activity 164 ms post-stimulus onset when compared to the ADHD group, but only when responding to audiovisual stimuli. The source of the increased activity was found to be Brodmann Area 2, postcentral gyrus, right-hemispheric parietal lobe referenced to Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates of X = 35, Y = −40, and Z = 70 (p < 0.05). No group differences were present during either of the unisensory conditions. Differences in the integration areas, particularly in the right-hemispheric parietal brain regions, were found in those with ADHD. These alterations may correspond to impaired attentional capabilities when presented with multiple simultaneous sensory inputs, as is the case during a multisensory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather S. McCracken
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.S.M.); (U.A.); (P.C.Y.)
| | - Bernadette A. Murphy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.S.M.); (U.A.); (P.C.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +905-721-8668
| | - Ushani Ambalavanar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.S.M.); (U.A.); (P.C.Y.)
| | - Cheryl M. Glazebrook
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
- Health, Leisure and Human Performance Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Paul C. Yielder
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.S.M.); (U.A.); (P.C.Y.)
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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48
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Bono D, Belyk M, Longo MR, Dick F. Beyond language: The unspoken sensory-motor representation of the tongue in non-primates, non-human and human primates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104730. [PMID: 35691470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The English idiom "on the tip of my tongue" commonly acknowledges that something is known, but it cannot be immediately brought to mind. This phrase accurately describes sensorimotor functions of the tongue, which are fundamental for many tongue-related behaviors (e.g., speech), but often neglected by scientific research. Here, we review a wide range of studies conducted on non-primates, non-human and human primates with the aim of providing a comprehensive description of the cortical representation of the tongue's somatosensory inputs and motor outputs across different phylogenetic domains. First, we summarize how the properties of passive non-noxious mechanical stimuli are encoded in the putative somatosensory tongue area, which has a conserved location in the ventral portion of the somatosensory cortex across mammals. Second, we review how complex self-generated actions involving the tongue are represented in more anterior regions of the putative somato-motor tongue area. Finally, we describe multisensory response properties of the primate and non-primate tongue area by also defining how the cytoarchitecture of this area is affected by experience and deafferentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bono
- Birkbeck/UCL Centre for Neuroimaging, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK.
| | - Michel Belyk
- Department of Speech, Hearing, and Phonetic Sciences, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 2 Wakefield Street, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Matthew R Longo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E7HX, UK
| | - Frederic Dick
- Birkbeck/UCL Centre for Neuroimaging, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E7HX, UK.
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49
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Gong R, Mühlberg C, Wegscheider M, Fricke C, Rumpf JJ, Knösche TR, Classen J. Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling in repetitive movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:1606-1621. [PMID: 35544757 PMCID: PMC9190732 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00541.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bradykinesia is a cardinal motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the pathophysiology of which is not fully understood. We analyzed the role of cross-frequency coupling of oscillatory cortical activity in motor impairment in patients with PD and healthy controls. High-density EEG signals were recorded during various motor activities and at rest. Patients performed a repetitive finger-pressing task normally, but were slower than controls during tapping. Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between β (13–30 Hz) and broadband γ (50–150 Hz) was computed from individual EEG source signals in the premotor, primary motor, and primary somatosensory cortices, and the primary somatosensory complex. In all four regions, averaging the entire movement period resulted in higher PAC in patients than in controls for the resting condition and the pressing task (similar performance between groups). However, this was not the case for the tapping tasks where patients performed slower. This suggests the strength of state-related β-γ PAC does not determine Parkinsonian bradykinesia. Examination of the dynamics of oscillatory EEG signals during motor transitions revealed a distinctive motif of PAC rise and decay around press onset. This pattern was also present at press offset and slow tapping onset, linking such idiosyncratic PAC changes to transitions between different movement states. The transition-related PAC modulation in patients was similar to controls in the pressing task but flattened during slow tapping, which related to normal and abnormal performance, respectively. These findings suggest that the dysfunctional evolution of neuronal population dynamics during movement execution is an important component of the pathophysiology of Parkinsonian bradykinesia. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings using noninvasive EEG recordings provide evidence that PAC dynamics might play a role in the physiological cortical control of movement execution and may encode transitions between movement states. Results in patients with Parkinson’s disease suggest that bradykinesia is related to a deficit of the dynamic regulation of PAC during movement execution rather than its absolute strength. Our findings may contribute to the development of a new concept of the pathophysiology of bradykinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxue Gong
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Method and Development Group Brain Networks, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Mühlberg
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mirko Wegscheider
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christopher Fricke
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jost-Julian Rumpf
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas R Knösche
- Method and Development Group Brain Networks, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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50
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de Freitas Zanona A, Romeiro da Silva AC, do Rego Maciel AB, Gomes do Nascimento LS, Bezerra da Silva A, Bolognini N, Monte-Silva K. Somatosensory Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Associative Sensory Stimulation of Peripheral Nerves Could Assist Motor and Sensory Recovery After Stroke. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:860965. [PMID: 35479184 PMCID: PMC9036089 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.860965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and sensory stimulation (SS) could promote upper limb recovery in participants with subacute stroke. Methods Participants were randomized into four groups: rTMS/Sham SS, Sham rTMS/SS, rTMS/SS, and control group (Sham rTMS/Sham SS). Participants underwent ten sessions of sham or active rTMS over S1 (10 Hz, 1,500 pulses, 120% of resting motor threshold, 20 min), followed by sham or active SS. The SS involved active sensory training (exploring features of objects and graphesthesia, proprioception exercises), mirror therapy, and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the region of the median nerve in the wrist (stimulation intensity as the minimum intensity at which the participants reported paresthesia; five electrical pulses of 1 ms duration each at 10 Hz were delivered every second over 45 min). Sham stimulations occurred as follows: Sham rTMS, coil was held while disconnected from the stimulator, and rTMS noise was presented with computer loudspeakers with recorded sound from a real stimulation. The Sham SS received therapy in the unaffected upper limb, did not use the mirror and received TENS stimulation for only 60 seconds. The primary outcome was the Body Structure/Function: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Nottingham Sensory Assessment (NSA); the secondary outcome was the Activity/Participation domains, assessed with Box and Block Test, Motor Activity Log scale, Jebsen-Taylor Test, and Functional Independence Measure. Results Forty participants with stroke ischemic (n = 38) and hemorrhagic (n = 2), men (n = 19) and women (n = 21), in the subacute stage (10.6 ± 6 weeks) had a mean age of 62.2 ± 9.6 years, were equally divided into four groups (10 participants in each group). Significant somatosensory improvements were found in participants receiving active rTMS and active SS, compared with those in the control group (sham rTMS with sham SS). Motor function improved only in participants who received active rTMS, with greater effects when active rTMS was combined with active SS. Conclusion The combined use of SS with rTMS over S1 represents a more effective therapy for increasing sensory and motor recovery, as well as functional independence, in participants with subacute stroke. Clinical Trial Registration [clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT03329807].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nadia Bolognini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Neuropsychological Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Monte-Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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