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Medeiros D, Polepalli L, Li W, Pozzo-Miller L. Altered activity of mPFC pyramidal neurons and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons during social interactions in a Mecp2 mouse model for Rett syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.06.606882. [PMID: 39149275 PMCID: PMC11326302 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.06.606882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Social memory impairments in Mecp2 knockout (KO) mice result from altered neuronal activity in the monosynaptic projection from the ventral hippocampus (vHIP) to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The hippocampal network is hyperactive in this model for Rett syndrome, and such atypically heightened neuronal activity propagates to the mPFC through this monosynaptic projection, resulting in altered mPFC network activity and social memory deficits. However, the underlying mechanism of cellular dysfunction within this projection between vHIP pyramidal neurons (PYR) and mPFC PYRs and parvalbumin interneurons (PV-IN) resulting in social memory impairments in Mecp2 KO mice has yet to be elucidated. We confirmed social memory (but not sociability) deficits in Mecp2 KO mice using a new 4-chamber social memory arena, designed to minimize the impact of the tethering to optical fibers required for simultaneous in vivo fiber photometry of Ca2+-sensor signals during social interactions. mPFC PYRs of wildtype (WT) mice showed increases in Ca2+ signal amplitude during explorations of a novel toy mouse and interactions with both familiar and novel mice, while PYRs of Mecp2 KO mice showed smaller Ca2+ signals during interactions only with live mice. On the other hand, mPFC PV-INs of Mecp2 KO mice showed larger Ca2+ signals during interactions with a familiar cage-mate compared to those signals in PYRs, a difference absent in the WT mice. These observations suggest atypically heightened inhibition and impaired excitation in the mPFC network of Mecp2 KO mice during social interactions, potentially driving their deficit in social memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destynie Medeiros
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Likhitha Polepalli
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lucas Pozzo-Miller
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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2
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He Q, Li R, Zhong N, Ma J, Nie F, Zhang R. The role and molecular mechanisms of the early growth response 3 gene in schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024; 195:e32969. [PMID: 38327141 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors play a major role in schizophrenia development. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) is a member of the EGR family, which is associated with schizophrenia. Accumulating studies have investigated the relationship between EGR3 and schizophrenia. However, the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia pathogenesis remains unclear. In the present review, we focus on the progress of research related to the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia, including association studies between EGR3 and schizophrenia, abnormal gene expressional analysis of EGR3 in schizophrenia, biological function studies of EGR3 in schizophrenia, the molecular regulatory mechanism of EGR3 and schizophrenia susceptibility candidate genes, and possible role of EGR3 in the immune system function in schizophrenia. In summary, EGR3 is a schizophrenia risk candidate factor and has comprehensive regulatory roles in schizophrenia pathogenesis. Further studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of EGR3 in schizophrenia are warranted for understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment and control of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi He
- School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine, Shannxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruochun Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Nannan Zhong
- Department of Medical Technology, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Electron Microscope, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fayi Nie
- School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine, Shannxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Andreou T, Ishikawa-Learmonth Y, Bigger BW. Phenotypic characterisation of the Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPSI) Idua-W392X mouse model reveals increased anxiety-related traits in female mice. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107651. [PMID: 37473537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPSI) is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disease that arises due to mutations in the IDUA gene. Defective alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) enzyme is unable to break down glucosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the lysosomes and, as a result, there is systemic accumulation of undegraded products in lysosomes throughout the body leading to multi-system disease. Here, we characterised the skeletal/craniofacial, neuromuscular and behavioural outcomes of the MPSI Idua-W392X mouse model. We demonstrate that Idua-W392X mice have gross craniofacial abnormalities, showed signs of kyphosis, and show signs of hypoactivity compared to wild-type mice. X-ray imaging analysis revealed significantly shorter and wider tibias and femurs, significantly wider snouts, increased skull width and significantly thicker zygomatic arch bones in Idua-W392X female mice compared to wild-type mice at 9 and 10.5 months of age. Idua-W392X mice display decreased muscle strength, especially in the forelimbs, which is already apparent from 3 months of age. Female Idua-W392X mice display hypoactivity in the open-field test from 9 months of age and anxiety-like behaviour at 10 months of age. As these behaviours have been identified in Hurler children, the MPSI Idua-W392X mouse model may be important for the investigation of new therapeutic approaches for MPSI-Hurler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Andreou
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko Ishikawa-Learmonth
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Brian W Bigger
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Ju J, Liu L, Yang X, Men S, Hou ST. Distinctive effects of NMDA receptor modulators on cerebral microcirculation in a schizophrenia mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 653:62-68. [PMID: 36857901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence demonstrates that schizophrenia patients have altered cerebral microcirculation. However, little is known regarding how cerebral microcirculatory blood flow (microCBF) changes in schizophrenia. Here, using time-lapse two-photon imaging of individual capillaries, we demonstrated a substantial decrease in cerebral microcirculation in a mouse model of schizophrenia. The involvement of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) functions was investigated to understand further the mechanism of microcirculation reduction in this animal model. Administration of D-serine, a selective full agonist at the glycine site of NMDAR, significantly increased the microCBF in the schizophrenia mouse. Interestingly, administration of GNE-8324, a GluN2A-selective positive allosteric modulator that selectively enhances NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses in inhibitory but not excitatory neurons, had no effect on the microCBF of the schizophrenia mice. Together, these data indicated that NMDAR participated in the regulation of microcirculation in schizophrenia using a mechanism dependent on the tonic NMDAR signaling and the selective modulation of inhibitory neuron activity. Further studies are warranted to establish NMDAR's role in modulating microcirculation in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ju
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siqi Men
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Hou
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Cothren TO, Evonko CJ, MacQueen DA. Olfactory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Evaluating Olfactory Abilities Across Species. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 63:363-392. [PMID: 36059004 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Though understudied relative to perturbations in the auditory and visual domains, olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of schizophrenia. Over the past two decades, the availability of standardized assessments to quantify human olfactory abilities, and enhance understanding of the neurophysiology supporting olfaction, has increased, enabling a more thorough characterization of these deficits. In contrast to other psychiatric conditions for which olfactory dysfunction has been observed (e.g., major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease), the impairments observed in schizophrenia are particularly global and profound. At this level, such deficits in olfactory abilities likely impact the enjoyment of food, detection of environmental hazards, and influence social relationships. More broadly, the study of olfactory phenotypes in schizophrenia presents new avenues for detection of those at-risk for the condition, identification of therapeutic targets for treatment development, and for the characterization of novel animal models relevant to schizophrenia and psychosis. This review will consider the olfactory performance of individuals with schizophrenia in domains for which standardized assessments are available (odor sensitivity, discrimination, identification, and memory). Paradigms available for assessing these abilities in rodents will also be discussed with the aim of facilitating translation. Thus, future studies will be able to include cross-species translation of mechanisms relevant to olfactory function and cognition, what has gone awry in the disease state, and test potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taitum O Cothren
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Christopher J Evonko
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - David A MacQueen
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA.
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Dubonyte U, Asenjo-Martinez A, Werge T, Lage K, Kirkeby A. Current advancements of modelling schizophrenia using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:183. [PMID: 36527106 PMCID: PMC9756764 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder, with a prevalence of 1-2% world-wide and substantial health- and social care costs. The pathology is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, however the underlying cause still remains elusive. SZ has symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, confused thoughts, diminished emotional responses, social withdrawal and anhedonia. The onset of psychosis is usually in late adolescence or early adulthood. Multiple genome-wide association and whole exome sequencing studies have provided extraordinary insights into the genetic variants underlying familial as well as polygenic forms of the disease. Nonetheless, a major limitation in schizophrenia research remains the lack of clinically relevant animal models, which in turn hampers the development of novel effective therapies for the patients. The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology has allowed researchers to work with SZ patient-derived neuronal and glial cell types in vitro and to investigate the molecular basis of the disorder in a human neuronal context. In this review, we summarise findings from available studies using hiPSC-based neural models and discuss how these have provided new insights into molecular and cellular pathways of SZ. Further, we highlight different examples of how these models have shown alterations in neurogenesis, neuronal maturation, neuronal connectivity and synaptic impairment as well as mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation of miRNAs in SZ patient-derived cultures compared to controls. We discuss the pros and cons of these models and describe the potential of using such models for deciphering the contribution of specific human neural cell types to the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugne Dubonyte
- Department of Neuroscience and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrea Asenjo-Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Lage
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Department of Neuroscience and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Experimental Medical Science and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Goral RO, Harper KM, Bernstein BJ, Fry SA, Lamb PW, Moy SS, Cushman JD, Yakel JL. Loss of GABA co-transmission from cholinergic neurons impairs behaviors related to hippocampal, striatal, and medial prefrontal cortex functions. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1067409. [PMID: 36505727 PMCID: PMC9730538 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1067409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Altered signaling or function of acetylcholine (ACh) has been reported in various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Tourette syndrome, epilepsy among others. Many neurons that release ACh also co-transmit the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) at synapses in the hippocampus, striatum, substantia nigra, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Although ACh transmission is crucial for higher brain functions such as learning and memory, the role of co-transmitted GABA from ACh neurons in brain function remains unknown. Thus, the overarching goal of this study was to investigate how a systemic loss of GABA co-transmission from ACh neurons affected the behavioral performance of mice. Methods: To do this, we used a conditional knock-out mouse of the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) crossed with the ChAT-Cre driver line to selectively ablate GABA co-transmission at ACh synapses. In a comprehensive series of standardized behavioral assays, we compared Cre-negative control mice with Cre-positive vGAT knock-out mice of both sexes. Results: Loss of GABA co-transmission from ACh neurons did not disrupt the animal's sociability, motor skills or sensation. However, in the absence of GABA co-transmission, we found significant alterations in social, spatial and fear memory as well as a reduced reliance on striatum-dependent response strategies in a T-maze. In addition, male conditional knockout (CKO) mice showed increased locomotion. Discussion: Taken together, the loss of GABA co-transmission leads to deficits in higher brain functions and behaviors. Therefore, we propose that ACh/GABA co-transmission modulates neural circuitry involved in the affected behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Oliver Goral
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kathryn M. Harper
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Briana J. Bernstein
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sydney A. Fry
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Patricia W. Lamb
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sheryl S. Moy
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jesse D. Cushman
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jerrel L. Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Jerrel L. Yakel
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Nawwar DA, Zaki HF, Sayed RH. Role of the NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in the anti-psychotic effects of aripiprazole and sertindole in ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1891-1907. [PMID: 35876932 PMCID: PMC9499910 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a common mental disorder affecting patients' thoughts, behavior, and cognition. Recently, the NRG1/ErbB4 signaling pathway emerged as a candidate therapeutic target for schizophrenia. This study investigates the effects of aripiprazole and sertindole on the NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in ketamine-induced schizophrenia in rats. Young male Wistar rats received ketamine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 5 consecutive days and aripiprazole (3 mg/kg, orally) or sertindole (2.5 mg/kg, orally) for 14 days. The proposed pathway was investigated by injecting LY294002 (a selective PI3K inhibitor) (25 μg/kg, intrahippocampal injection) 30 min before the drugs. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, animals were subjected to behavioral tests: the open field test, sucrose preference test, novel object recognition task, and social interaction test. Both aripiprazole and sertindole significantly ameliorated ketamine-induced schizophrenic-like behavior, as expected, because of their previously demonstrated antipsychotic activity. Besides, both drugs alleviated ketamine-induced oxidative stress and neurotransmitter level changes in the hippocampus. They also increased the gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate levels and glutamate decarboxylase 67 and parvalbumin mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, aripiprazole and sertindole increased the NRG1 and ErbB4 mRNA expression levels and PI3K, p-Akt, and mTOR protein expression levels. Interestingly, pre-injecting LY294002 abolished all the effects of the drugs. This study reveals that the antipsychotic effects of aripiprazole and sertindole are partly due to oxidative stress reduction as well as NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways activation. The NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K signaling pathways may offer a new therapeutic approach for treating schizophrenia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A Nawwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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Plekanchuk VS, Prokudina OI, Ryazanova MA. Social behavior and spatial orientation in rat strains with genetic predisposition to catatonia (GC) and stereotypes (PM). Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:281-289. [PMID: 35733816 PMCID: PMC9164122 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various psychopathologies, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression, are associated with abnormalities in social behavior and learning. One of the syndromes that may also take place in these disorders is catatonia. Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome in which motor excitement, stereotypy, stuporous state, including the phenomenon of “waxy flexibility” (catalepsy), can be observed. Rats with genetic catatonia (GC) and pendulum-like movements (PM) of the anterior half of the body have physiological and behavioral changes similar to those observed in schizophrenia and depression in humans and can be considered as incomplete experimental models of these pathologies. The social behavior of the GC and PM rats has not been previously studied, and the cognitive abilities of animals of these strains are also insufficiently studied. To determine whether the GC and PM rats have changes in social behavior and spatial learning, behavioral phenotyping was performed in the residentintruder test, three-chamber test, Barnes maze test. Some deviations in social behavior, such as increased offensive aggression in PM rats in the resident-intruder test, increased or decreased social interactions depending on the environment in different tests in GC, were shown. In addition, principal component analysis revealed a negative association between catatonic freezing and the socialization index in the three-chamber test. Decreased locomotor activity of GС rats can adversely affect the performance of tasks on spatial memory. It has been shown that PM rats do not use a spatial strategy in the Barnes maze, which may indicate impairment of learning and spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. S. Plekanchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University
| | - O. I. Prokudina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - M. A. Ryazanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Vrillon A, Mouton-Liger F, Martinet M, Cognat E, Hourregue C, Dumurgier J, Bouaziz-Amar E, Brinkmalm A, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Hugon J, Paquet C. Plasma neuregulin 1 as a synaptic biomarker in Alzheimer's disease: a discovery cohort study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:71. [PMID: 35606871 PMCID: PMC9125890 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic dysfunction is an early core feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), closely associated with cognitive symptoms. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a growth and differentiation factor with a key role in the development and maintenance of synaptic transmission. Previous reports have shown that changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NRG1 concentration are associated with cognitive status and biomarker evidence of AD pathology. Plasma biomarkers reflecting synaptic impairment would be of great clinical interest. OBJECTIVE To measure plasma NRG1 concentration in AD patients in comparison with other neurodegenerative disorders and neurological controls (NC) and to study its association with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) core AD and synaptic biomarkers. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 127 participants including patients with AD at mild cognitive impairment stage (AD-MCI, n = 27) and at dementia stage (n = 35), non-AD dementia (n = 26, Aβ-negative), non-AD MCI (n = 19), and neurological controls (n=20). Plasma and CSF NRG1, as well as CSF core AD biomarkers (Aβ 42/Aβ 40 ratio, phospho-tau, and total tau), were measured using ELISA. CSF synaptic markers were measured using ELISA for GAP-43 and neurogranin and through immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry for SNAP-25. RESULTS Plasma NRG1 concentration was higher in AD-MCI and AD dementia patients compared with neurological controls (respectively P = 0.005 and P < 0.001). Plasma NRG1 differentiated AD MCI patients from neurological controls with an area under the curve of 88.3%, and AD dementia patients from NC with an area under the curve of 87.3%. Plasma NRG1 correlated with CSF NRG1 (β = 0.372, P = 0.0056, adjusted on age and sex). Plasma NRG1 was associated with AD CSF core biomarkers in the whole cohort and in Aβ-positive patients (β = -0.197-0.423). Plasma NRG1 correlated with CSF GAP-43, neurogranin, and SNAP-25 (β = 0.278-0.355). Plasma NRG1 concentration correlated inversely with MMSE in the whole cohort and in Aβ-positive patients (all, β = -0.188, P = 0.038; Aβ+: β = -0.255, P = 0.038). CONCLUSION Plasma NRG1 concentration is increased in AD patients and correlates with CSF core AD and synaptic biomarkers and cognitive status. Thus, plasma NRG1 is a promising non-invasive biomarker to monitor synaptic impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Vrillon
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France.
| | | | - Matthieu Martinet
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Cognat
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Claire Hourregue
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Julien Dumurgier
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Bouaziz-Amar
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Department of Biochemistry, APHP GHU Nord Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Paris, France
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacques Hugon
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Claire Paquet
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1144, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Center of Cognitive Neurology, Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Hospital, APHP, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010, Paris, France
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Reduced adult neurogenesis is associated with increased macrophages in the subependymal zone in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6880-6895. [PMID: 34059796 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells in the human subependymal zone (SEZ) generate neuronal progenitor cells that can differentiate and integrate as inhibitory interneurons into cortical and subcortical brain regions; yet the extent of adult neurogenesis remains unexplored in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We verified the existence of neurogenesis across the lifespan by chartering transcriptional alterations (2 days-103 years, n = 70) and identifying cells indicative of different stages of neurogenesis in the human SEZ. Expression of most neural stem and neuronal progenitor cell markers decreased during the first postnatal years and remained stable from childhood into ageing. We next discovered reduced neural stem and neuronal progenitor cell marker expression in the adult SEZ in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder compared to controls (n = 29-32 per group). RNA sequencing identified increased expression of the macrophage marker CD163 as the most significant molecular change in schizophrenia. CD163+ macrophages, which were localised along blood vessels and in the parenchyma within 10 µm of neural stem and progenitor cells, had increased density in schizophrenia but not in bipolar disorder. Macrophage marker expression negatively correlated with neuronal progenitor marker expression in schizophrenia but not in controls or bipolar disorder. Reduced neurogenesis and increased macrophage marker expression were also associated with polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Our results support that the human SEZ retains the capacity to generate neuronal progenitor cells throughout life, although this capacity is limited in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The increase in macrophages in schizophrenia but not in bipolar disorder indicates that immune cells may impair neurogenesis in the adult SEZ in a disease-specific manner.
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12
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Minter R, Gardiner KJ. Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1697. [PMID: 34828303 PMCID: PMC8618694 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. The Dp10(1)Yey (Dp10) is a mouse model of DS that is trisomic for orthologs of 25% of the Hsa21 protein-coding genes, the entirety of the Hsa21 syntenic region on mouse chromosome 10. Trisomic genes include several involved in brain development and function, two that modify and regulate the activities of sex hormones, and two that produce sex-specific phenotypes as null mutants. These last four are the only Hsa21 genes with known sexually dimorphic properties. Relatively little is known about the potential contributions to the DS phenotype of segmental trisomy of Mmu10 orthologs. Here, we have tested separate cohorts of female and male Dp10 mice, at 3 and 9 months of age, in an open field elevated zero maze, rotarod, and balance beam, plus the learning and memory tasks, spontaneous alternation, puzzle box, double-H maze, context fear conditioning, and acoustic startle/prepulse inhibition, that depend upon the function of the prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We show that there are age and sex-specific differences in strengths and weaknesses, suggesting that genes within the telomere proximal region of Hsa21 influence the DS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Minter
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Katheleen J. Gardiner
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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13
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Anterior thalamic dysfunction underlies cognitive deficits in a subset of neuropsychiatric disease models. Neuron 2021; 109:2590-2603.e13. [PMID: 34197733 PMCID: PMC8376805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are often accompanied by cognitive impairments/intellectual disability (ID). It is not clear whether there are converging mechanisms underlying these debilitating impairments. We found that many autism and schizophrenia risk genes are expressed in the anterodorsal subdivision (AD) of anterior thalamic nuclei, which has reciprocal connectivity with learning and memory structures. CRISPR-Cas9 knockdown of multiple risk genes selectively in AD thalamus led to memory deficits. While the AD is necessary for contextual memory encoding, the neighboring anteroventral subdivision (AV) regulates memory specificity. These distinct functions of AD and AV are mediated through their projections to retrosplenial cortex, using differential mechanisms. Furthermore, knockdown of autism and schizophrenia risk genes PTCHD1, YWHAG, or HERC1 from AD led to neuronal hyperexcitability, and normalization of hyperexcitability rescued memory deficits in these models. This study identifies converging cellular to circuit mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in a subset of neuropsychiatric disease models.
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14
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Ueda D, Yonemochi N, Kamata T, Shibasaki M, Kamei J, Waddington JL, Ikeda H. Increase in neuropeptide Y activity impairs social behaviour in association with glutamatergic dysregulation in diabetic mice. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:726-740. [PMID: 33197050 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with diabetes mellitus are reported to show a raised prevalence of mental disorders, which may be reflected in impaired social interaction. However, the mechanisms underlying such impairment in diabetes are unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The present study investigated whether social interaction is impaired in diabetic mice and whether central neuropeptide Y (NPY) and glutamatergic function are involved in such impairment. KEY RESULTS In the three-chamber test, social novelty preference, but not sociability, was impaired in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The mRNA level of NPY in the hypothalamus was increased in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Injection of the NPY Y2 receptor agonist NPY 13-36 into naïve mice impaired social novelty preference, but not sociability, and this effect was inhibited by the Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE 0246. BIIE 0246 also reversed the impairment of social novelty preference in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Similarly, injection of the AMPA receptor agonist AMPA into naïve mice impaired social novelty preference, but not sociability, and this effect was inhibited by the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX. Impairment of social novelty preference induced by NPY 13-36 was inhibited by NBQX, whereas impairment of social novelty preference induced by AMPA was not inhibited by BIIE 0246. Finally, impairment of social novelty preference in STZ-induced diabetic mice was reversed by NBQX. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that NPY neurons are activated in diabetic mice and that this may impair social novelty preference by promoting glutamatergic function through Y2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Ueda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Yonemochi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kamata
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shibasaki
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John L Waddington
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Rajasekaran A, Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Parlikar R, Chhabra H, Prabhu A, Subbanna M, Venugopal D, Amaresha AC, Agarwal SM, Bose A, Narayanaswamy JC, Debnath M, Venkatasubramanian G. Impact of NRG1 HapICE gene variants on digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102363. [PMID: 33271685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence have suggested a potential role of Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) in the neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Interaction between genetic risk variants present within NRG1 locus and non-specific gestational putative insults can significantly impair crucial processes of brain development. Such genetic effects can be analyzed through the assessment of digit ratio and dermatoglyphic patterns. We examined the role of two well-replicated polymorphisms of NRG1 (SNP8NRG221533 and SNP8NRG243177) on schizophrenia risk and its probable impact on the digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in patients (N = 221) and healthy controls (N = 200). In schizophrenia patients, but not in healthy controls, a significant association between NRG1 SNP8NRG221533 C/C genotype with lower left 2D:4D ratio, as well as with higher FA_TbcRC and DA_TbcRC. The substantial effect of SNP8NRG221533 on both digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures suggest a potential role for NRG1 gene variants on neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Rajasekaran
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rujuta Parlikar
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Harleen Chhabra
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ananya Prabhu
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjula Subbanna
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Deepthi Venugopal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anekal C Amaresha
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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16
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Sandes S, Figueiredo N, Pedroso S, Sant'Anna F, Acurcio L, Abatemarco Junior M, Barros P, Oliveira F, Cardoso V, Generoso S, Caliari M, Nicoli J, Neumann E, Nunes Á. Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 plays an immunobiotic role in gut-brain axis, reducing gut permeability, anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors in murine models of colitis and chronic stress. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109741. [PMID: 33233306 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and mood disorders is complex and involves overlapping metabolic pathways, which may determine comorbidity. Several studies have been shown that this comorbidity could worsen IBD clinical course. The treatment of ulcerative colitis is complex, and involves traditional therapy to promote the function of epithelial barrier, reducing exacerbated inflammatory responses. Recently, it has been shown that some probiotic strains could modulate gut-brain axis, reducing depressive and anxiety scores in humans, including IBD patients. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the role of Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 in murine models of ulcerative colitis and chronic stress. It was observed that bacterium ingestion improved health of colitis mice, reducing intestinal permeability, besides improving colon histopathological appearance. In stressed mice, bacterial consumption was associated with a reduced anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. In both assays, the beneficial role of W. paramesenteroides WpK4 was related to its immunomodulatory feature. It is possible to state that W. paramesenteroides WpK4 exerted their beneficial roles in gut-brain axis through their immunomodulatory effects with consequences in several metabolic pathways related to intestinal permeability and hippocampal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sávio Sandes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil.
| | - Naiara Figueiredo
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Pedroso
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Sant'Anna
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Acurcio
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário Abatemarco Junior
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Barros
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Oliveira
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Valbert Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Generoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Caliari
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Neumann
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Nunes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil
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17
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Benmakhlouf Y, Zian Z, Nourouti NG, Barakat A, Mechita MB. Potential Cytokine Biomarkers in Intellectual Disability. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:569-576. [PMID: 32600239 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200628024944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID), previously called mental retardation, is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by life-long intellectual and adaptive functioning impairments that have an impact on individuals, families, and society. Its prevalence is estimated to 3% of the general population and its etiology is still insufficiently understood. Besides the involvement of genetic and environmental factors, immunological dysfunctions have been also suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology of ID. Over the years, immune biomarkers related to ID have gained significant attention and researchers have begun to look at possible cytokine profiles in individuals suffered from this disorder. In fact, in addition to playing crucial physiological roles in the majority of normal neurodevelopmental processes, cytokines exert an important role in neuroinflammation under pathological conditions, and interactions between the immune system and central nervous system have long been under investigation. Cytokine levels imbalance has been reported associated with some behavioral characteristics and the onset of some syndromic forms of ID. In this review, we will focus on immunological biomarkers, especially the cytokine profiles that have been identified in people with ID. Thus, data reported and discussed in the present paper may provide additional information to start further studies and to plan strategies for early identification and managing of ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Benmakhlouf
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Zeineb Zian
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Naima G Nourouti
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Amina Barakat
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Mohcine B Mechita
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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18
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Dunn AL, Michie PT, Hodgson DM, Harms L. Adolescent cannabinoid exposure interacts with other risk factors in schizophrenia: A review of the evidence from animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 116:202-220. [PMID: 32610181 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many factors and their interaction are linked to the aetiology of schizophrenia, leading to the development of animal models of multiple risk factors and adverse exposures. Differentiating between separate and combined effects for each factor could better elucidate schizophrenia pathology, and drive development of preventative strategies for high-load risk factors. An epidemiologically valid risk factor commonly associated with schizophrenia is adolescent cannabis use. The aim of this review is to evaluate how early-life adversity from various origins, in combination with adolescent cannabinoid exposure interact, and whether these interactions confer main, synergistic or protective effects in animal models of schizophrenia-like behavioural, cognitive and morphological alterations. Patterns emerge regarding which models show consistent synergistic or protective effects, particularly those models incorporating early-life exposure to maternal deprivation and maternal immune activation, and sex-specific effects are observed. It is evident that more research needs to be conducted to better understand the risks and alterations of interacting factors, with particular interest in sex differences, to better understand the translatability of these preclinical models to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L Dunn
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Patricia T Michie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Deborah M Hodgson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Lauren Harms
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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19
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Sullivan CS, Mohan V, Manis PB, Moy SS, Truong Y, Duncan BW, Maness PF. Developmental Regulation of Basket Interneuron Synapses and Behavior through NCAM in Mouse Prefrontal Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4689-4707. [PMID: 32249896 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV)-expressing basket interneurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) regulate pyramidal cell firing, synchrony, and network oscillations. Yet, it is unclear how their perisomatic inputs to pyramidal neurons are integrated into neural circuitry and adjusted postnatally. Neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM is expressed in a variety of cells in the PFC and cooperates with EphrinA/EphAs to regulate inhibitory synapse density. Here, analysis of a novel parvalbumin (PV)-Cre: NCAM F/F mouse mutant revealed that NCAM functions presynaptically in PV+ basket interneurons to regulate postnatal elimination of perisomatic synapses. Mutant mice exhibited an increased density of PV+ perisomatic puncta in PFC layer 2/3, while live imaging in mutant brain slices revealed fewer puncta that were dynamically eliminated. Furthermore, EphrinA5-induced growth cone collapse in PV+ interneurons in culture depended on NCAM expression. Electrophysiological recording from layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in mutant PFC slices showed a slower rise time of inhibitory synaptic currents. PV-Cre: NCAM F/F mice exhibited impairments in working memory and social behavior that may be impacted by altered PFC circuitry. These findings suggest that the density of perisomatic synapses of PV+ basket interneurons is regulated postnatally by NCAM, likely through EphrinA-dependent elimination, which is important for appropriate PFC network function and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea S Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Vishwa Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Paul B Manis
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, and Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sheryl S Moy
- Department of Psychiatry, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Young Truong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryce W Duncan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Patricia F Maness
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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20
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Koch N, Koch D, Krueger S, Tröger J, Sabanov V, Ahmed T, McMillan LE, Wolf D, Montag D, Kessels MM, Balschun D, Qualmann B. Syndapin I Loss-of-Function in Mice Leads to Schizophrenia-Like Symptoms. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4306-4324. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions thought to reflect imbalances in neurotransmission systems. Recent screenings suggested that lack of (functional) syndapin I (PACSIN1) may be linked to schizophrenia. We therefore studied syndapin I KO mice to address the suggested causal relationship to schizophrenia and to analyze associated molecular, cellular, and neurophysiological defects. Syndapin I knockout (KO) mice developed schizophrenia-related behaviors, such as hyperactivity, reduced anxiety, reduced response to social novelty, and an exaggerated novel object response and exhibited defects in dendritic arborization in the cortex. Neuromorphogenic deficits were also observed for a schizophrenia-associated syndapin I mutant in cultured neurons and coincided with a lack of syndapin I–mediated membrane recruitment of cytoskeletal effectors. Syndapin I KO furthermore caused glutamatergic hypofunctions. Syndapin I regulated both AMPAR and NMDAR availabilities at synapses during basal synaptic activity and during synaptic plasticity—particularly striking were a complete lack of long-term potentiation and defects in long-term depression in syndapin I KO mice. These synaptic plasticity defects coincided with alterations of postsynaptic actin dynamics, synaptic GluA1 clustering, and GluA1 mobility. Both GluA1 and GluA2 were not appropriately internalized. Summarized, syndapin I KO led to schizophrenia-like behavior, and our analyses uncovered associated molecular and cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dennis Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sarah Krueger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jessica Tröger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Victor Sabanov
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tariq Ahmed
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura E McMillan
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - David Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Lab, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39116 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Detlef Balschun
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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21
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Behavioural effects of high fat diet in adult Nrg1 type III transgenic mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 377:112217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Zieba J, Morris MJ, Karl T. Behavioural effects of high fat diet exposure starting in late adolescence in neuregulin 1 transmembrane domain mutant mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 373:112074. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Vawter MP, Schulmann A, Alhassen L, Alhassen W, Hamzeh AR, Sakr J, Pauluk L, Yoshimura R, Wang X, Dai Q, Sanathara N, Civelli O, Alachkar A. Melanin Concentrating Hormone Signaling Deficits in Schizophrenia: Association With Memory and Social Impairments and Abnormal Sensorimotor Gating. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 23:53-65. [PMID: 31563948 PMCID: PMC7442395 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from anatomical, pharmacological, and genetic studies supports a role for the neuropeptide melanin concentrating hormone system in modulating emotional and cognitive functions. Genome-wide association studies revealed a potential association between the melanin concentrating hormone receptor (MCHR1) gene locus and schizophrenia, and the largest genome-wide association study conducted to date shows a credible genome-wide association. METHODS We analyzed MCHR1 and pro-melanin concentrating hormone RNA-Seq expression in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Disruptions in the melanin concentrating hormone system were modeled in the mouse brain by germline deletion of MCHR1 and by conditional ablation of melanin concentrating hormone expressing neurons using a Cre-inducible diphtheria toxin system. RESULTS MCHR1 expression is decreased in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia samples (false discovery rate (FDR) P < .05, CommonMind and PsychEncode combined datasets, n = 901) while pro-melanin concentrating hormone is below the detection threshold. MCHR1 expression decreased with aging (P = 6.6E-57) in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The deletion of MCHR1 was found to lead to behavioral abnormalities mimicking schizophrenia-like phenotypes: hyperactivity, increased stereotypic and repetitive behavior, social impairment, impaired sensorimotor gating, and disrupted cognitive functions. Conditional ablation of pro-melanin concentrating hormone neurons increased repetitive behavior and produced a deficit in sensorimotor gating. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that early disruption of the melanin concentrating hormone system interferes with neurodevelopmental processes, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Further neurobiological research on the developmental timing and circuits that are affected by melanin concentrating hormone may lead to a therapeutic target for early prevention of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marquis P Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA,Correspondence: Marquis P. Vawter, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617 (); and Dr Amal Alachkar, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA ()
| | - Anton Schulmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Lamees Alhassen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Wedad Alhassen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Abdul Rezzak Hamzeh
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra
| | - Jasmine Sakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Lucas Pauluk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Ryan Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Qi Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Nayna Sanathara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Olivier Civelli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA,Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Amal Alachkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA,Correspondence: Marquis P. Vawter, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617 (); and Dr Amal Alachkar, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA ()
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24
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Gawel K, Banono NS, Michalak A, Esguerra CV. A critical review of zebrafish schizophrenia models: Time for validation? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:6-22. [PMID: 31381931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 1% of the population worldwide and is manifested as a broad spectrum of symptoms, from hallucinations to memory impairment. It is believed that genetic and/or environmental factors may contribute to the occurrence of this disease. Recently, the zebrafish has emerged as a valuable and attractive model for various neurological disorders including schizophrenia. In this review, we describe current pharmacological models of schizophrenia with special emphasis on providing insights into the pros and cons of using zebrafish as a behavioural model of this disease. Moreover, we highlight the advantages and utility of using zebrafish for elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying this psychiatric disorder. We believe that the zebrafish has high potential also in the area of precision medicine and may complement the development of therapeutics, especially for pharmacoresistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Gawel
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego St. 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Nancy Saana Banono
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki St. 4A, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Camila V Esguerra
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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25
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Paramo B, Wyatt S, Davies AM. Neuregulin-4 Is Required for the Growth and Elaboration of Striatal Medium Spiny Neuron Dendrites. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:725-734. [PMID: 31225596 PMCID: PMC6640913 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) comprise the vast majority of neurons in the striatum. Changes in the exuberant dendrites of these widely connected neurons are associated with a multitude of neurological conditions and are caused by a variety of recreational and medicinal drugs. However, we have a poor understanding of the physiological regulators of dendrite growth and elaboration of this clinically important population of neurons. Here, we show that MSN dendrites are markedly smaller and less branched in neonatal mice that possess a homozygous null mutation in the neuregulin-4 gene (Nrg4-/-) compared with wild type (Nrg4+/+) littermates. Nrg4-/- mice also had a highly significant reduction in MSN dendrite spine number in neonates and adults. The striking stunted dendrite arbor phenotype of MSNs observed in Nrg4-/- neonates was replicated in MSNs cultured from Nrg4-/- embryos and was completely rescued by soluble recombinant neuregulin-4. MSNs cultured from wild type mice coexpressed NRG4 and its receptor ErbB4. Our findings show that NRG4 is a major novel regulator of dendritic growth and arborization and spine formation in the striatum and suggest that it exerts its effects by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Paramo
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sean Wyatt
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alun M Davies
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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26
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Noll JM, Li Y, Distel TJ, Ford GD, Ford BD. Neuroprotection by Exogenous and Endogenous Neuregulin-1 in Mouse Models of Focal Ischemic Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:333-342. [PMID: 31290093 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel neuroprotectants that can halt or reverse the neurological effects of stroke is of interest to both clinicians and scientists. We and others previously showed the pre-clinical neuroprotective efficacy of neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) in rats following focal brain ischemia. In this study, we examined neuroprotection by exogenous and endogenous NRG-1 using a mouse model of ischemic stroke. C57BL6 mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. NRG-1 or vehicle was infused intra-arterially (i.a.) or intravenously (i.v.) after MCAO and before the onset of reperfusion. NRG-1 treatment (16 μg/kg; i.a.) reduced cerebral cortical infarct volume by 72% in mice when delivered post-ischemia. NRG-1 also inhibited neuronal injury as measured by Fluoro Jade B labeling and rescued NeuN immunoreactivity in neurons. Neuroprotection by NRG-1 was also observed in mice when administered i.v. (100 μg/kg) in both male and female mice. We investigated whether endogenous NRG-1 was neuroprotective using male and female heterozygous NRG-1 knockout mice (NRG-1+/-) compared with wild-type mice (WT) littermates. NRG-1+/- and WT mice were subjected to MCAO for 45 min, and infarct size was measured 24 h following MCAO. NRG-1+/- mice displayed a sixfold increase in cortical infarct size compared with WT mice. These results demonstrate that NRG-1 treatment mitigates neuronal damage following cerebral ischemia. We further showed that reduced endogenous NRG-1 results in exacerbated neuronal injury in vivo. These findings suggest that NRG-1 represents a promising therapy to treat stroke in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Noll
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yonggang Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.,ICF, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Timothy J Distel
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Gregory D Ford
- Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Dr., Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Byron D Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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27
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Gleitz HF, Liao AY, Cook JR, Rowlston SF, Forte GM, D'Souza Z, O'Leary C, Holley RJ, Bigger BW. Brain-targeted stem cell gene therapy corrects mucopolysaccharidosis type II via multiple mechanisms. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708730. [PMID: 29884617 PMCID: PMC6034129 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pediatric lysosomal storage disorder mucopolysaccharidosis type II is caused by mutations in IDS, resulting in accumulation of heparan and dermatan sulfate, causing severe neurodegeneration, skeletal disease, and cardiorespiratory disease. Most patients manifest with cognitive symptoms, which cannot be treated with enzyme replacement therapy, as native IDS does not cross the blood-brain barrier. We tested a brain-targeted hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy approach using lentiviral IDS fused to ApoEII (IDS.ApoEII) compared to a lentivirus expressing normal IDS or a normal bone marrow transplant. In mucopolysaccharidosis II mice, all treatments corrected peripheral disease, but only IDS.ApoEII mediated complete normalization of brain pathology and behavior, providing significantly enhanced correction compared to IDS. A normal bone marrow transplant achieved no brain correction. Whilst corrected macrophages traffic to the brain, secreting IDS/IDS.ApoEII enzyme for cross-correction, IDS.ApoEII was additionally more active in plasma and was taken up and transcytosed across brain endothelia significantly better than IDS via both heparan sulfate/ApoE-dependent receptors and mannose-6-phosphate receptors. Brain-targeted hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy provides a promising therapy for MPS II patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Fe Gleitz
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ai Yin Liao
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James R Cook
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Samuel F Rowlston
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gabriella Ma Forte
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Zelpha D'Souza
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Claire O'Leary
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca J Holley
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian W Bigger
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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28
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Ju J, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhou Q. Effect of age onset on schizophrenia-like phenotypes and underlying mechanisms in model mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:465-474. [PMID: 30025793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In humans, schizophrenia with onset in adolescence or adult has distinct features. To understand whether schizophrenia with either adolescence- or adult-onset have distinct phenotypes and cellular mechanisms in schizophrenia model mice, we altered Nrg1 signaling during either adolescence or adult mice via injection of anti-Nrg1 antibodies. We found that in either early-onset schizophrenia (EOS)- or late-onset schizophrenia (LOS)-like mice, certain behavior phenotypes are shared including hyperlocomotion, impaired working memory and impaired fear conditioning. Anxiety appears to be largely unaffected. In vitro electrophysiology in brain slices showed altered excitation/inhibition balance in EOS-like mice towards enhanced synaptic excitation, but intrinsic excitability of the fast-spiking GABAergic neurons was elevated in the LOS-like mice. Thus, although schizophrenia-like main phenotypes appear to be preserved in both age onset model mice, there are distinct differences in cellular mechanisms between them. We suggest that these differences are important for more precise diagnosis and more effective treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ju
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
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29
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Nrg1 deficiency modulates the behavioural effects of prenatal stress in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 88:86-95. [PMID: 29964074 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the exact genes that confer vulnerability or resilience to environmental stressors during early neurodevelopment. Partial genetic deletion of neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) moderates the neurobehavioural effects of stressors applied in adolescence and adulthood, however, no study has yet examined its impact on prenatal stress. Here we examined whether Nrg1 deficiency in mice modulated the impact of prenatal stress on various behaviours in adulthood. Male heterozygous Nrg1 mice were mated with wild-type female mice who then underwent daily restraint stress from days 13 to 19 of gestation. Surprisingly, prenatal stress had overall beneficial effects by facilitating sensorimotor gating, increasing sociability, decreasing depressive-like behaviour, and improving spatial memory in adulthood. Such benefits were not due to any increase in maternal care, as prenatal stress decreased nurturing of the offspring. Nrg1 deficiency negated the beneficial behavioural effects of prenatal stress on all measures except sociability. However, Nrg1 deficiency interacted with prenatal stress to trigger locomotor hyperactivity. Nrg1 deficiency, prenatal stress or their combination failed to alter acute stress-induced plasma corticosterone concentrations. Collectively these results demonstrate that Nrg1 deficiency moderates the effects of prenatal stress on adult behaviour, but it does so in a complex, domain-specific fashion.
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30
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Olaya JC, Heusner CL, Matsumoto M, Shannon Weickert C, Karl T. Schizophrenia-relevant behaviours of female mice overexpressing neuregulin 1 type III. Behav Brain Res 2018; 353:227-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Altered hippocampal gene expression and structure in transgenic mice overexpressing neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) type I. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:229. [PMID: 30348978 PMCID: PMC6197224 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mice overexpressing the type I isoform of neuregulin 1 (Nrg1; NRG1) have alterations in hippocampal gamma oscillations and an age-emergent deficit in hippocampus-dependent spatial working memory. Here, we examined the molecular and morphological correlates of these findings. Microarrays showed over 100 hippocampal transcripts differentially expressed in Nrg1tg-type I mice, with enrichment of genes related to neuromodulation and, in older mice, of genes involved in inflammation and immunity. Nrg1tg-type I mice had an enlarged hippocampus with a widened dentate gyrus. The results show that Nrg1 type I impacts on hippocampal gene expression and structure in a multifaceted and partly age-related way, complementing the evidence implicating Nrg1 signaling in aspects of hippocampal function. The findings are also relevant to the possible role of NRG1 signaling in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia or other disorders affecting this brain region.
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32
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Nikiforuk A. Assessment of cognitive functions in animal models of schizophrenia. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:639-649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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33
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Olaya JC, Heusner CL, Matsumoto M, Sinclair D, Kondo MA, Karl T, Shannon Weickert C. Overexpression of Neuregulin 1 Type III Confers Hippocampal mRNA Alterations and Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors in Mice. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:865-875. [PMID: 28981869 PMCID: PMC6007747 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a schizophrenia candidate gene whose protein product is involved in neuronal migration, survival, and synaptic plasticity via production of specific isoforms. Importantly, NRG1 type III (NRG1 III) mRNA is increased in humans inheriting a schizophrenia risk haplotype for the NRG1 gene (HapICE), and NRG1 protein levels can be elevated in schizophrenia. The nature by which NRG1 type III overexpression results in schizophrenia-like behavior and brain pathology remains unclear, therefore we constructed a transgenic mouse with Nrg1 III overexpression in forebrain neurons (CamKII kinase+). Here, we demonstrate construct validity for this mouse model, as juvenile and adult Nrg1 III transgenic mice exhibit an overexpression of Nrg1 III mRNA and Nrg1 protein in multiple brain regions. Furthermore, Nrg1 III transgenic mice have face validity as they exhibit schizophrenia-relevant behavioral phenotypes including deficits in social preference, impaired fear-associated memory, and reduced prepulse inhibition. Additionally, microarray assay of hippocampal mRNA uncovered transcriptional alterations downstream of Nrg1 III overexpression, including changes in serotonin receptor 2C and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Transgenic mice did not exhibit other schizophrenia-relevant behaviors including hyperactivity, social withdrawal, or an increased vulnerability to the effects of MK-801 malate. Our results indicate that this novel Nrg1 III mouse is valid for modeling potential pathological mechanisms of some schizophrenia-like behaviors, for determining what other neurobiological changes may be downstream of elevated NRG1 III levels and for preclinically testing therapeutic strategies that may be specifically efficacious in patients with the NRG1 (HapICE) risk genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Olaya
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Duncan Sinclair
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mari A Kondo
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; tel: +61-2-9399-1117, fax: +61-2-9399-1005, e-mail:
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34
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Stilling RM, Moloney GM, Ryan FJ, Hoban AE, Bastiaanssen TF, Shanahan F, Clarke G, Claesson MJ, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Social interaction-induced activation of RNA splicing in the amygdala of microbiome-deficient mice. eLife 2018; 7:33070. [PMID: 29809134 PMCID: PMC5995540 DOI: 10.7554/elife.33070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behaviour is regulated by activity of host-associated microbiota across multiple species. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating this relationship remain elusive. We therefore determined the dynamic, stimulus-dependent transcriptional regulation of germ-free (GF) and GF mice colonised post weaning (exGF) in the amygdala, a brain region critically involved in regulating social interaction. In GF mice the dynamic response seen in controls was attenuated and replaced by a marked increase in expression of splicing factors and alternative exon usage in GF mice upon stimulation, which was even more pronounced in exGF mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate a molecular basis for how the host microbiome is crucial for a normal behavioural response during social interaction. Our data further suggest that social behaviour is correlated with the gene-expression response in the amygdala, established during neurodevelopment as a result of host-microbe interactions. Our findings may help toward understanding neurodevelopmental events leading to social behaviour dysregulation, such as those found in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). In our bodies, there are at least as many microbial cells as human cells. These microbes, known collectively as the microbiome, influence the activity of our brain and also our behaviour. Studies in species from insects to primates have shown that the microbiome affects social behaviour in particular. For example, germ-free mice, which grow up in a sterile environment and thus have no bacteria in or on their bodies, are less sociable than normal mice. For animals to show behaviours such as social interaction, cells in specific regions of the brain must change the activity of their genes. These brain regions include the amygdala, which is part of the brain’s emotion processing network, and also contributes to fear and anxiety responses. Stilling et al. set out to determine whether gene activity in the amygdala during social interaction differs between germ-free mice and those with a normal microbiome. Stilling et al. placed each mouse into a box with three chambers. One chamber contained an unfamiliar mouse while another contained an inanimate object. Germ-free mice were less sociable and spent less time than control animals interacting with the unfamiliar mouse. Before entering either test chamber, the germ-free animals showed signs of excessive activity in the amygdala. During social interaction, they displayed a strikingly different pattern of gene activity in this brain region compared to controls. In particular, they had increased levels of a process called alternative splicing. This process enables cells to produce many different proteins from a single gene. These results reveal one of the steps leading from absence of bacteria during brain development to reduced sociability in adulthood in mice. Increases in gene activity in the amygdala may provide clues to the processes underlying reduced sociability in people with autism spectrum disorders. This new study thus deepens our understanding of the link between the microbiome and brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Stilling
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Moloney
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Feargal J Ryan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alan E Hoban
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomaz Fs Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus Shanahan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus J Claesson
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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35
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Neuregulin-2 ablation results in dopamine dysregulation and severe behavioral phenotypes relevant to psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1233-1243. [PMID: 28322273 PMCID: PMC5608621 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetic and functional studies implicate variants of Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) and its neuronal receptor ErbB4 in schizophrenia and many of its endophenotypes. Although the neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes of NRG1 mutant mice have been investigated extensively, practically nothing is known about the function of NRG2, the closest NRG1 homolog. We found that NRG2 expression in the adult rodent brain does not overlap with NRG1 and is more extensive than originally reported, including expression in the striatum and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and therefore generated NRG2 knockout mice (KO) to study its function. NRG2 KOs have higher extracellular dopamine levels in the dorsal striatum but lower levels in the mPFC; a pattern with similarities to dopamine dysbalance in schizophrenia. Like ErbB4 KO mice, NRG2 KOs performed abnormally in a battery of behavioral tasks relevant to psychiatric disorders. NRG2 KOs exhibit hyperactivity in a novelty-induced open field, deficits in prepulse inhibition, hypersensitivity to amphetamine, antisocial behaviors, reduced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze and deficits in the T-maze alteration reward test-a task dependent on hippocampal and mPFC function. Acute administration of clozapine rapidly increased extracellular dopamine levels in the mPFC and improved alternation T-maze performance. Similar to mice treated chronically with N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, we demonstrate that NMDAR synaptic currents in NRG2 KOs are augmented at hippocampal glutamatergic synapses and are more sensitive to ifenprodil, indicating an increased contribution of GluN2B-containing NMDARs. Our findings reveal a novel role for NRG2 in the modulation of behaviors with relevance to psychiatric disorders.
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Tadmor H, Golani I, Doron R, Kremer I, Shamir A. ErbB signaling antagonist ameliorates behavioral deficit induced by phencyclidine (PCP) in mice, without affecting metabolic syndrome markers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 82:322-331. [PMID: 28818421 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe syndrome that affects about 1% of the world population. Since the mid-1950s, antipsychotics have been used to treat schizophrenia with preference for treating positive symptoms; however, their tolerance level is low, there are numerous side effects, and only some patients respond to the treatment. Antipsychotic medications that are more effective, better tolerated, and with fewer adverse effects are urgently needed. Given the accumulating evidence of the role filled by the ErbB signaling network in the biology of the dopamine, GABA, and glutamate systems, and in the etiology of schizophrenia, we hypothesized that the ErbB network is a candidate for development of a novel agent through which various symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders might be treated. Herein, we studied, in mice, the capability of blocking the ErbB signaling, in comparison with the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine, to counter schizophrenia-like behavior induced by acute and sub-chronic phencyclidine (PCP), and determined whether inhibition of the ErbB networks induced weight gain and affected social and exploratory behavior, and metabolic syndrome markers. We demonstrated that administration of the pan-ErbB inhibitor JNJ28871063 (JNJ) reduced the level of activity in the open field induced by an acute injection of PCP. Moreover, the ability of JNJ to attenuate the effect of PCP is as effective as clozapine. In addition and like clozapine, JNJ normalized social behavior impairment induced by sub-chronic PCP and stress. Adult JNJ-treated mice displayed normal sociability and exploratory behavior, and their serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels were lower than in the saline-treated mice. Sub-chronic treatment did not affect weight gain, glucose levels, and the activity of hepatic enzymes catalase and SOD. These data suggest that treatment with JNJ attenuates abnormal behaviors induced by PCP, and has similar effects as the antipsychotic drug clozapine, with no adverse effects. Thus, the ErbB signaling can serve as a new starting point for non-dopaminergic-based drug development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Tadmor
- Psychobiology Research Laboratory, Mazor Mental Health Center, Akko, Israel; Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Zefat, Israel
| | - Idit Golani
- Department of Biotechnology, ORT Braude College, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Ravid Doron
- Psychobiology Laboratory, School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Israel; Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University, Israel
| | - Ilana Kremer
- Psychobiology Research Laboratory, Mazor Mental Health Center, Akko, Israel; The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alon Shamir
- Psychobiology Research Laboratory, Mazor Mental Health Center, Akko, Israel; The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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37
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Xu J, Hartley BJ, Kurup P, Phillips A, Topol A, Xu M, Ononenyi C, Foscue E, Ho SM, Baguley TD, Carty N, Barros CS, Müller U, Gupta S, Gochman P, Rapoport J, Ellman JA, Pittenger C, Aronow B, Nairn AC, Nestor MW, Lombroso PJ, Brennand KJ. Inhibition of STEP 61 ameliorates deficits in mouse and hiPSC-based schizophrenia models. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:271-281. [PMID: 27752082 PMCID: PMC5395367 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The brain-specific tyrosine phosphatase, STEP (STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase) is an important regulator of synaptic function. STEP normally opposes synaptic strengthening by increasing N-methyl D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) internalization through dephosphorylation of GluN2B and inactivation of the kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Fyn. Here we show that STEP61 is elevated in the cortex in the Nrg1+/- knockout mouse model of schizophrenia (SZ). Genetic reduction or pharmacological inhibition of STEP prevents the loss of NMDARs from synaptic membranes and reverses behavioral deficits in Nrg1+/- mice. STEP61 protein is also increased in cortical lysates from the central nervous system-specific ErbB2/4 mouse model of SZ, as well as in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived forebrain neurons and Ngn2-induced excitatory neurons, from two independent SZ patient cohorts. In these selected SZ models, increased STEP61 protein levels likely reflect reduced ubiquitination and degradation. These convergent findings from mouse and hiPSC SZ models provide evidence for STEP61 dysfunction in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B J Hartley
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Kurup
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Phillips
- Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Topol
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Ononenyi
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Foscue
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S-M Ho
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - T D Baguley
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N Carty
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C S Barros
- Dorris Neuroscience Center, Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA,Plymouth University School of Medicine, Plymouth UK
| | - U Müller
- Dorris Neuroscience Center, Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Gupta
- UC Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - P Gochman
- Childhood Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Rapoport
- Childhood Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J A Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Pittenger
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B Aronow
- UC Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M W Nestor
- Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P J Lombroso
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA E-mail:
| | - K J Brennand
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA. E-mail:
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38
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An essential role for neuregulin-4 in the growth and elaboration of developing neocortical pyramidal dendrites. Exp Neurol 2018; 302:85-92. [PMID: 29317193 PMCID: PMC5866123 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuregulins, with the exception of neuregulin-4 (NRG4), have been shown to be extensively involved in many aspects of neural development and function and are implicated in several neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. Here we provide the first evidence that NRG4 has a crucial function in the developing brain. We show that both the apical and basal dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons are markedly stunted in Nrg4-/- neonates in vivo compared with Nrg4+/+ littermates. Neocortical pyramidal neurons cultured from Nrg4-/- embryos had significantly shorter and less branched neurites than those cultured from Nrg4+/+ littermates. Recombinant NRG4 rescued the stunted phenotype of embryonic neocortical pyramidal neurons cultured from Nrg4-/- mice. The majority of cultured wild type embryonic cortical pyramidal neurons co-expressed NRG4 and its receptor ErbB4. The difference between neocortical pyramidal dendrites of Nrg4-/- and Nrg4+/+ mice was less pronounced, though still significant, in juvenile mice. However, by adult stages, the pyramidal dendrite arbors of Nrg4-/- and Nrg4+/+ mice were similar, suggesting that compensatory changes in Nrg4-/- mice occur with age. Our findings show that NRG4 is a major novel regulator of dendritic arborisation in the developing cerebral cortex and suggest that it exerts its effects by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
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39
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Chesworth R, Long LE, Weickert CS, Karl T. The Endocannabinoid System across Postnatal Development in Transmembrane Domain Neuregulin 1 Mutant Mice. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:11. [PMID: 29467679 PMCID: PMC5808294 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cannabis is a well-established component risk factor for schizophrenia, particularly in adolescent individuals with genetic predisposition for the disorder. Alterations to the endocannabinoid system have been found in the prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. Thus, we assessed whether molecular alterations exist in the endocannabinoid signalling pathway during brain development in a mouse model for the schizophrenia risk gene neuregulin 1 (Nrg1). We analysed transcripts encoding key molecules of the endocannabinoid system in heterozygous transmembrane domain Nrg1 mutant mice (Nrg1 TM HET), which is known to have increased sensitivity to cannabis exposure. Tissue from the prelimbic cortex and hippocampus of male and female Nrg1 TM HET mice and wild type-like littermates was collected at postnatal days (PNDs) 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, and 161. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was conducted to assess mRNA levels of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and enzymes for the synthesis and breakdown of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol [i.e., diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLα), monoglyceride lipase (MGLL), and α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 6 (ABHD6)]. No sex differences were found for any transcripts in either brain region; thus, male and female data were pooled. Hippocampal and cortical mRNA expression of DAGLα, MGLL, and ABHD6 increased until PND 21-35 and then decreased and stabilised for the rest of postnatal development. Hippocampal CB1R mRNA expression increased until PND 21 and decreased after this age. Expression levels of these endocannabinoid markers did not differ in Nrg1 TM HET compared to control mice at any time point. Here, we demonstrate dynamic changes in the developmental trajectory of several key endocannabinoid system transcripts in the mouse brain, which may correspond with periods of endocannabinoid system maturation. Nrg1 TM HET mutation did not alter the developmental trajectory of the endocannabinoid markers assessed, suggesting that other mechanisms may be responsible for the exaggerated cannabinoid susceptibility in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Chesworth
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonora E Long
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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40
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Scott KA, Ida M, Peterson VL, Prenderville JA, Moloney GM, Izumo T, Murphy K, Murphy A, Ross RP, Stanton C, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Revisiting Metchnikoff: Age-related alterations in microbiota-gut-brain axis in the mouse. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 65:20-32. [PMID: 28179108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been increased interest in the role of the gut microbiome in health including brain health. This is by no means a new theory; Elie Metchnikoff proposed over a century ago that targeting the gut by consuming lactic acid bacteria such as those in yogurt, could improve or delay the onset of cognitive decline associated with ageing. However, there is limited information characterising the relationship between the behavioural and physiological sequelae of ageing and alterations in the gut microbiome. To this end, we assessed the behavioural, physiological and caecal microbiota profile of aged male mice. Older mice (20-21months old) exhibited deficits in spatial memory and increases in anxiety-like behaviours compared to younger mice (2-3months old). They also exhibited increased gut permeability, which was directly correlated with elevations in peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, stress exacerbated the gut permeability of aged mice. Examination of the caecal microbiota revealed significant increases in phylum TM7, family Porphyromonadaceae and genus Odoribacter of aged mice. This represents a shift of aged microbiota towards a profile previously associated with inflammatory disease, particularly gastrointestinal and liver disorders. Furthermore, Porphyromonadaceae, which has also been associated with cognitive decline and affective disorders, was directly correlated with anxiety-like behaviour in aged mice. These changes suggest that changes in the gut microbiota and associated increases in gut permeability and peripheral inflammation may be important mediators of the impairments in behavioural, affective and cognitive functions seen in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Scott
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Masayuki Ida
- Suntory Wellness Limited, Suntory World Research Centre, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Veronica L Peterson
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Gerard M Moloney
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Takayuki Izumo
- Suntory Wellness Limited, Suntory World Research Centre, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiera Murphy
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Amy Murphy
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- Department of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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41
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O’Tuathaigh CMP, Mathur N, O’Callaghan MJ, MacIntyre L, Harvey R, Lai D, Waddington JL, Pickard BS, Watson DG, Moran PM. Specialized Information Processing Deficits and Distinct Metabolomic Profiles Following TM-Domain Disruption of Nrg1. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:1100-1113. [PMID: 28338897 PMCID: PMC5581893 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although there is considerable genetic and pathologic evidence for an association between neuregulin 1 (NRG1) dysregulation and schizophrenia, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Mutant mice containing disruption of the transmembrane (TM) domain of the NRG1 gene constitute a heuristic model for dysregulation of NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in schizophrenia. The present study focused on hitherto uncharacterized information processing phenotypes in this mutant line. Using a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach, we also quantified levels of unique metabolites in brain. Across 2 different sites and protocols, Nrg1 mutants demonstrated deficits in prepulse inhibition, a measure of sensorimotor gating, that is, disrupted in schizophrenia; these deficits were partially reversed by acute treatment with second, but not first-, generation antipsychotic drugs. However, Nrg1 mutants did not show a specific deficit in latent inhibition, a measure of selective attention that is also disrupted in schizophrenia. In contrast, in a "what-where-when" object recognition memory task, Nrg1 mutants displayed sex-specific (males only) disruption of "what-when" performance, indicative of impaired temporal aspects of episodic memory. Differential metabolomic profiling revealed that these behavioral phenotypes were accompanied, most prominently, by alterations in lipid metabolism pathways. This study is the first to associate these novel physiological mechanisms, previously independently identified as being abnormal in schizophrenia, with disruption of NRG1 function. These data suggest novel mechanisms by which compromised neuregulin function from birth might lead to schizophrenia-relevant behavioral changes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naina Mathur
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Lynsey MacIntyre
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Donna Lai
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - John L Waddington
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research & Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Disorders and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Benjamin S Pickard
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - David G Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paula M Moran
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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42
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O'Tuathaigh CMP, Moran PM, Zhen XC, Waddington JL. Translating advances in the molecular basis of schizophrenia into novel cognitive treatment strategies. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3173-3190. [PMID: 28667666 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence and severity of cognitive symptoms, including working memory, executive dysfunction and attentional impairment, contributes materially to functional impairment in schizophrenia. Cognitive symptoms have proved to be resistant to both first- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs. Efforts to develop a consensus set of cognitive domains that are both disrupted in schizophrenia and are amenable to cross-species validation (e.g. the National Institute of Mental Health Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia and Research Domain Criteria initiatives) are an important step towards standardization of outcome measures that can be used in preclinical testing of new drugs. While causative genetic mutations have not been identified, new technologies have identified novel genes as well as hitherto candidate genes previously implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and/or mechanisms of antipsychotic efficacy. This review comprises a selective summary of these developments, particularly phenotypic data arising from preclinical genetic models for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, with the aim of indicating potential new directions for pro-cognitive therapeutics. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Pharmacology of Cognition: a Panacea for Neuropsychiatric Disease? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.19/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm M P O'Tuathaigh
- School of Medicine, University College Cork, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paula M Moran
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xuechu C Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research & Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - John L Waddington
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research & Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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43
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Shang K, Talmage DA, Karl T. Parent-of-origin effects on schizophrenia-relevant behaviours of type III neuregulin 1 mutant mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 332:250-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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44
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Gleitz HFE, O’Leary C, Holley RJ, Bigger BW. Identification of age-dependent motor and neuropsychological behavioural abnormalities in a mouse model of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172435. [PMID: 28207863 PMCID: PMC5313159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a progressive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the IDS gene, leading to a deficiency in the iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme that is involved in heparan sulphate and dermatan sulphate catabolism. In constitutive form, MPS II is a multi-system disease characterised by progressive neurocognitive decline, severe skeletal abnormalities and hepatosplenomegaly. Although enzyme replacement therapy has been approved for treatment of peripheral organs, no therapy effectively treats the cognitive symptoms of the disease and novel therapies are in development to remediate this. Therapeutic efficacy and subsequent validation can be assessed using a variety of outcome measures that are translatable to clinical practice, such as behavioural measures. We sought to consolidate current knowledge of the cognitive, skeletal and motor abnormalities present in the MPS II mouse model by performing time course behavioural examinations of working memory, anxiety, activity levels, sociability and coordination and balance, up to 8 months of age. Cognitive decline associated with alterations in spatial working memory is detectable at 8 months of age in MPS II mice using spontaneous alternation, together with an altered response to novel environments and anxiolytic behaviour in the open-field. Coordination and balance on the accelerating rotarod were also significantly worse at 8 months, and may be associated with skeletal changes seen in MPS II mice. We demonstrate that the progressive nature of MPS II disease is also seen in the mouse model, and that cognitive and motor differences are detectable at 8 months of age using spontaneous alternation, the accelerating rotarod and the open-field tests. This study establishes neurological, motor and skeletal measures for use in pre-clinical studies to develop therapeutic approaches in MPS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène F. E. Gleitz
- Stem Cell & Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire O’Leary
- Stem Cell & Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J. Holley
- Stem Cell & Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Brian W. Bigger
- Stem Cell & Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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45
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Zhang Q, Esrafilzadeh D, Crook JM, Kapsa R, Stewart EM, Tomaskovic-Crook E, Wallace GG, Huang XF. Electrical Stimulation Using Conductive Polymer Polypyrrole Counters Reduced Neurite Outgrowth of Primary Prefrontal Cortical Neurons from NRG1-KO and DISC1-LI Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42525. [PMID: 28198409 PMCID: PMC5309772 DOI: 10.1038/srep42525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficits in neurite outgrowth, possibly involving dysregulation of risk genes neuregulin-1 (NRG1) and disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) have been implicated in psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Electrical stimulation using conductive polymers has been shown to stimulate neurite outgrowth of differentiating human neural stem cells. This study investigated the use of the electroactive conductive polymer polypyrrole (Ppy) to counter impaired neurite outgrowth of primary pre-frontal cortical (PFC) neurons from NRG1-knock out (NRG1-KO) and DISC1-locus impairment (DISC1-LI) mice. Whereas NRG1-KO and DISC1-LI exhibited reduced neurite length and number of neurite branches compared to wild-type controls, this was not apparent for cultures on electroactive Ppy. Additionally, the use of the Ppy substrate normalised the synaptophysin and PSD95 protein and mRNA expression whereas both are usually reduced by NRG1-KO or DISC1-LI. Our findings support the utility of Ppy mediated electrical stimulation to prevent the reduction of neurite outgrowth and related synaptic protein expression in the primary PFC neurons from NRG1-KO and DISC1-LI mice, providing proof-of-concept for treating neurodevelopmental diseases including schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsheng Zhang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Jeremy M Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.,Departments of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Robert Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia.,Departments of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Elise M Stewart
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia
| | - Eva Tomaskovic-Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, Fairy Meadow, NSW 2519, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Institute, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
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46
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Ham S, Kim TK, Chung S, Im HI. Drug Abuse and Psychosis: New Insights into Drug-induced Psychosis. Exp Neurobiol 2017; 26:11-24. [PMID: 28243163 PMCID: PMC5326711 DOI: 10.5607/en.2017.26.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Addictive drug use or prescribed medicine abuse can cause psychosis. Some representative symptoms frequently elicited by patients with psychosis are hallucination, anhedonia, and disrupted executive functions. These psychoses are categorized into three classifications of symptoms: positive, negative, and cognitive. The symptoms of DIP are not different from the symptoms of schizophrenia, and it is difficult to distinguish between them. Due to this ambiguity of distinction between the DIP and schizophrenia, the DIP animal model has been frequently used as the schizophrenia animal model. However, although the symptoms may be the same, its causes are clearly different in that DIP is acquired and schizophrenia is heritable. Therefore, in this review, we cover several DIP models such as of amphetamine, PCP/ketamine, scopolamine, and LSD, and then we also address three schizophrenia models through a genetic approach with a new perspective that distinguishes DIP from schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Ham
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea.; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Tae Kyoo Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea.; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston 02215, USA
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea.; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea.; Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
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47
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Neuregulin-1 mutant mice indicate motor and sensory deficits, indeed few references for schizophrenia endophenotype model. Behav Brain Res 2017; 322:177-185. [PMID: 28089851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulins (Nrg) are a gene family that binds to tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family. The protein of Nrg1 is to be involved in heart formation, migration of neurons, axonal pathfinding and synaptic function. A relation between Nrg1 and schizophrenia is assumed. Chronic impairment in schizophrenia is characterized by different positive and negative symptoms. Detectable markers of this disease in human and in animal models are activity, social behavior and sensory processing. In this study we compared heterozygous Nrg1 mutant mice in behavior and quantification of dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurons with wild type-like littermates. In the Nrg1 mutant mice the epidermal growth factor-like domain is replaced by the neomycin resistance gene. We found significant differences in locomotor and pain perception behavior. No differences were found in specific schizophrenia social interaction and prepulse inhibition behavior. The number of dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurons did not differ in the investigated regions ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra, periaqueductal grey and raphe nuclei. In conclusion, this analyzed Nrg1 mutant mice model did not serve as a complete schizophrenia model. Particular aspects of schizophrenia disease in locomotor and sensory behavior deficits could represent in this Nrg1 mutant mice. Beside several different models could Nrg1 deficiency represent an endophenotype of schizophrenia disease.
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48
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Koványi B, Csölle C, Calovi S, Hanuska A, Kató E, Köles L, Bhattacharya A, Haller J, Sperlágh B. The role of P2X7 receptors in a rodent PCP-induced schizophrenia model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36680. [PMID: 27824163 PMCID: PMC5099752 DOI: 10.1038/srep36680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) are ligand-gated ion channels sensitive to extracellular ATP. Here we examined for the first time the role of P2X7R in an animal model of schizophrenia. Using the PCP induced schizophrenia model we show that both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of P2X7Rs alleviate schizophrenia-like behavioral alterations. In P2rx7+/+ mice, PCP induced hyperlocomotion, stereotype behavior, ataxia and social withdrawal. In P2X7 receptor deficient mice (P2rx7−/−), the social interactions were increased, whereas the PCP induced hyperlocomotion and stereotype behavior were alleviated. The selective P2X7 receptor antagonist JNJ-47965567 partly replicated the effect of gene deficiency on PCP-induced behavioral changes and counteracted PCP-induced social withdrawal. We also show that PCP treatment upregulates and increases the functional responsiveness of P2X7Rs in the prefrontal cortex of young adult animals. The amplitude of NMDA evoked currents recorded from layer V pyramidal neurons of cortical slices were slightly decreased by both genetic deletion of P2rx7 and by JNJ-47965567. PCP induced alterations in mRNA expression encoding schizophrenia-related genes, such as NR2A, NR2B, neuregulin 1, NR1 and GABA α1 subunit were absent in the PFC of young adult P2rx7−/− animals. Our findings point to P2X7R as a potential therapeutic target in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Koványi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (IEM HAS), H-1450 Budapest, Hungary.,János Szentágothai School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University School of PhD Studies, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Cecilia Csölle
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (IEM HAS), H-1450 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Calovi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (IEM HAS), H-1450 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Hanuska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Kató
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Köles
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - József Haller
- Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (IEM HAS), H-1450, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Sperlágh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (IEM HAS), H-1450 Budapest, Hungary
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49
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Nakajima M, Watanabe T, Aoki R, Shimizu R, Okuyama S, Furukawa Y. Phenotypes associated with psychiatric disorders are sex-specific in a mutant mouse line. Brain Res 2016; 1652:53-61. [PMID: 27693417 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wnt1-Cre- and Wnt1-GAL4 double transgenic (dTg) mice are used to study neural crest cell lineages by utilizing either the Cre/loxP or the GAL4/UAS system. We have previously shown that these mice exhibit behavioral abnormalities that resemble certain behaviors of psychiatric disorders and histologic alterations in the cholinergic and glutamatergic systems in the brain. The objective of the current study was to extend the behavioral analyses in these mice and to determine whether there were any sex-specific differences in the prevalence or severity of these behaviors. In the present study, we demonstrate additional behavioral abnormalities in dTg mice, such as increased locomotor activity, decreased social behavior, and an increased frequency in vertical jumping. Of these, the proclivity for vertical jumping was observed only in male dTg mice. In contrast, MK-801 administration induced increased locomotion in only female dTg mice. Furthermore, the concentrations of prolactin in the sera and oxytocin in the hypothalamus were both reduced only in female dTg mice, compared to controls. These sex-dependent behavioral and hormonal abnormalities in the dTG mice suggest that the phenotype of certain psychiatric disorders may be influenced by both genetic and sex-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
| | - Rui Aoki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
| | - Risei Shimizu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, School of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
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50
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Gene × Environment Interactions in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Genetic Mouse Models. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:2173748. [PMID: 27725886 PMCID: PMC5048038 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2173748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of gene × environment, as well as epistatic interactions in schizophrenia, has provided important insight into the complex etiopathologic basis of schizophrenia. It has also increased our understanding of the role of susceptibility genes in the disorder and is an important consideration as we seek to translate genetic advances into novel antipsychotic treatment targets. This review summarises data arising from research involving the modelling of gene × environment interactions in schizophrenia using preclinical genetic models. Evidence for synergistic effects on the expression of schizophrenia-relevant endophenotypes will be discussed. It is proposed that valid and multifactorial preclinical models are important tools for identifying critical areas, as well as underlying mechanisms, of convergence of genetic and environmental risk factors, and their interaction in schizophrenia.
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